121-123 Comparative-General Classification of Medical Terms in French and Uzbek 121 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education Volume 3, Issue 4, 2025 ISSN (E): 2993-2769 Comparative-General Classification of Medical Terms in French and Uzbek Abrayeva Shakhnoza Esonovna Senior teacher, Department of Uzbek and Foreign Languages, Tashkent Medical Academy abrayevashaxnoza1990@gmail.com Abstract. This article attempts to conduct a systematic analysis of medical terminology, as well as a broader study of the structural and semantic features of the lexical semantic classification of medical terms in French and Uzbek. Key words: terminology, synonymy, term, lexical units, semantic relations, semantic property. Introduction. Linguistic research in medical terminology, scientific work on the interpretation of medical words, their meanings, concepts, translations and areas of their application are one of the important tasks of the era. This field is very important for medical workers, students, teachers, and people working in the field of science, studying the relationship between language and terminology. The terms used in the field of medicine related to each other with their specific meanings and various forms. To study these terms, special knowledge and experience in the field of medicine are required. Medical terms differ from other words in their meanings and forms of agreement. The semantic properties of medical terms reflect the specific features of the terminology and concepts in the field of medicine. These terms provide information about special words used in the field of medicine, their meanings, forms of agreement and their interrelationships. The terminological metalanguage of medicine has gone through several stages in its development. For a long time, linguists have not weakened the medical vocabulary, on the contrary, due to special conditions, the activity and development of medical language is increasingly renewed. Medical terminology consists of separate terminology systems related to medical, medical-biological, and several other disciplines related to medicine. Among them, there are three main systems named after Latin, which use Latin vocabulary to varying degrees. Systems of medical terms: 1. Anatomical terminology - this category includes all anatomical and histological terms known today. The current international anatomical nomenclature (Nomina anatomica) first adopted in Paris in 1955 at the VI International Congress of Anatomists and expressed in the form of an abbreviation - RNA, consisting of the initial letters of Latin words. Even today, Latin remains the language of all branches of science. The nomenclature developed based on the Latin text, which later adopted in 1986. The list of Russian equivalent terms, approved at the All-Union Congress of Anatomists, Histologists, and Embryologists, has not lost its relevance today. In order to use this nomenclature effectively and correctly, to know the correct pronunciation of Latin terms, and to be able to independently create Latin terms without dictionaries, it is necessary to acquire sufficient knowledge and skills in Latin language classes. 2. Clinical terminology-(Greek klinike techne – art of judgment, care of inpatients). It includes the terms of pathos – the science of studying disease, including pathological anatomy and pathological 122 AMERICAN Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education www. grnjournal.us physiology, related to various clinical specialties. First of all, surgery (cheirurgia), work, names of diseases, pathological processes and conditions, signs of diseases, symptoms (Greek symptome – sign) and syndromes (Greek syndrome – formation of signs), names of operations, research and treatment methods, medical equipment, instruments, etc. are also named in Latin. Clinical terminology is the thousands of names and terms that you will encounter in lectures, when examining patients, writing medical histories, working with textbooks and manuals. In this system of medical terminology, the use of Latin is not mandatory. This depends more on the school, traditions, level of culture and, most importantly, on the type of special literature (textbook, dictionary, etc.) covering the activities of a medical worker. In clinical terminology, along with the Russian and Uzbek names of diseases, their Latin equivalents are also used: hernia, bone fracture, carcinoma, typhus abdominalis, etc. To use clinical terms skillfully, productively, and effectively, it is necessary to know the word-forming tools of the ancient Greek language, as they are widely used in clinical terminology. 3. Pharmaceutical terms. These are the names of medicines made from plants and chemicals. Each medicine produced in Uzbekistan has both an Uzbek and a Latin name. The latter used when writing a prescription in Latin. There are thousands of names for medicines in our country. These include medicinal plants, inorganic and organic, chemical, synthetic and semi-synthetic compounds. Although the Latin language course at the Medical Institute studied with a view to the goals of the specialty, it provides you with excellent opportunities to expand your knowledge and worldview. In this sense, Latin wise sayings with a short form and complete meaning are used. Many wise sayings are individual phrases taken from the speeches of famous ancient writers, philosophers, and political figures. Latin aphorisms attributed to scientists of the later modern era also have their own unique and profound meaning. Some Latin wise sayings relate to the life, death, health of the patient, or the activities of a doctor and have become a deontological doctrine of medicine. Currently, Latinisms with various meanings occupy a prominent place in international dictionaries in many languages of the world. Medical terms in French are usually the largest in size, scope, and research. These terms used to express and teach ideas in the field of medicine. It includes a large number of words on terminology, anatomy, physiology, pharmacology, diseases, treatment, and other medical topics. Below are examples of some common medical terms in French: Anatomie – Anatomiya, Physiologie – Fiziologiya, Maladie – Kasallik, Symptôme – Simptom, Diagnostic – Bilish, Traitement – Davolash, Médicament – Dori, Chirurgie – Jarohat, Infection – Infektsiya, Vaccination – Vaksinatsiya, Allergie – Allergiya, Antibiotique – Antibiotik, Analgesique – Analgetik, Prescription – Retsept, Radiothérapie – Radioterapiya, Scanner – Skaner, Urgence - Raqobat Génétique – Genetika, Cancer – Onkologiya. Conclusion. Analysis of modern medical terminology, the study of various structural and semantic positions, and comparison of medical terminology with other terminologies also gives positive conclusions. On the other hand, comparative interest in medical terminology also arises. Modern areas of medicine are developing rapidly. Their number is increasingly expanding, becoming more and more interdisciplinary. 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