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American Journal of  
Life Science and Innovation (AJLSI)

Enhancing Public Health: Exploring the Awareness of  Students in Mindoro 
State University on Blood Donation

Jovie Rose D. Masongsong1

Volume 2 Issue 3, Year 2023
ISSN: 2833-1397 (Online)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.54536/ajlsi.v2i3.2245
https://journals.e-palli.com/home/index.php/ajlsi

Article Information ABSTRACT

Received: November 15, 2023

Accepted: December 11, 2023

Published: December 14, 2023

Blood donation plays a significant role in modern healthcare, especially because it contributes 
to charitable tasks and lessens shortages in the global demand for blood. Problems 
encountered were due to the insufficiency of  infrastructure, donor education, and resources 
which led to challenges in recruiting blood donors. Studies have found that countries 
handle blood donation systems, but their status varies widely. This research study aims 
to determine students’ awareness level in Mindoro State University-Calapan City Campus 
on blood donation. This research study utilized descriptive research design, which aims to 
systematically gather information and describe a phenomenon or situation through survey 
questionnaires. Moreover, the 100 respondents were chosen through stratified random 
sampling and were tasked to answer the self-made questionnaire, which was divided into two 
parts: the demographic profile of  the respondents in terms of  age, gender, and weight and 
the respondents’ awareness of  blood donation through the use of  Likert Scale. The study 
results revealed that the students of  the MinSU-Calapan City Campus are aware of  the crucial 
role of  blood donations in saving lives and promoting a sense of  community and unity in an 
environment. However, the study presented that the students are not knowledgeable of  the 
process performed in blood donation.

Keywords

Blood Donation, Level of  
Awareness, Student Donors, 
Blood Recipients

INTRODUCTION
Blood donation is a vital and life-saving act that forms 
the cornerstone of  modern healthcare. It is indispensable 
in addressing emergencies, treating various medical 
conditions, and ensuring a stable supply of  blood 
products for those in need. At the heart of  this essential 
humanitarian endeavor is the active involvement of  the 
community, including university students, who represent 
a significant segment of  the potential donor pool.
While there is a global demand for blood and blood 
products, many regions face chronic shortages. Low- and 
middle-income countries often struggle to meet their 
blood supply needs due to insufficient infrastructure, lack 
of  donor education, and limited resources.
International organizations like the World Health 
Organization (WHO) and the International Federation 
of  Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) work to 
improve access to safe blood and advocate for voluntary, 
non-remunerated blood donation. The goal is to ensure 
all countries have sufficient supplies of  safe blood.
Each country manages its blood donation system. Some 
countries have centralized, government-run systems, 
while others rely on non-profit organizations, such as 
the Red Cross, to collect and distribute blood. National 
campaigns aim to raise awareness about the importance of  
blood donation and encourage voluntary, regular donors. 
Strategies may include mobile blood drives, outreach to 
schools and universities, and social media campaigns.
The status of  blood donation at the local level can vary 
widely. Some communities may have a strong culture of  
donation, while others may face challenges in recruiting 
and retaining donors. Barriers such as fear, lack of  

awareness, and misconceptions may need to be addressed 
locally. Mindoro State University stands as an institution 
with a diverse and dynamic student population. These 
students are not only the nation’s future leaders but also 
the potential torchbearers of  the noble act of  blood 
donation. Their awareness, attitudes, and willingness to 
participate in this charitable act hold immense significance 
in contributing to the overall blood supply, ultimately 
impacting public health in the region. This study was 
conducted to determine the awareness of  students in 
Mindoro State University on blood donation.

Objectives of  the Study
This study determined the demographic profile of  
the respondents in terms of  age, weight, and gender. 
It assessed the level of  awareness on blood donation 
of  students in Mindoro State University, Calapan City 
Campus. Moreover, this study also determined the 
relationship between the variables.

METHODOLOGY
Research Design
This study employed a descriptive method of  research 
in determining the level of  awareness on blood donation 
among students in Mindoro State University, Calapan 
City Campus. The researcher employed a total of  100 
respondents who were chosen through a stratified 
random sampling technique. The researcher decided to 
accept them as respondents with the belief  that the role 
of  these students in instilling and reinforcing awareness 
on blood donation among students is vital. 

1 Mindoro State University, Calapan City Campus, Philippines
* Corresponding author’s e-mail: jrdmasongsong@gmail.com



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Am. J. Life Sci. Innov. 2(3) 39-42, 2023

Instrumentation
To elicit the needed information for this study, a self-
made questionnaire was used to gather data. It was 
composed of  two parts; the first part determined the 
demographic profile of  the respondents in terms of  age, 
gender, and weight, while the second part determined 
the respondent’s awareness on blood donation by using 
the Likert Scale which includes 10-item statements. The 
interpretation of  the computed mean for the level of  
awareness on blood donation has the following mean 
ranges with their corresponding interpretations: 3.26 - 
4.00: Strongly Agree/Highly Aware; 2.51-3.25: Agree/
Aware; 1.76-2.50: Slightly Agree/Moderately Aware; 
1.00-1.70: Disagree/Not Aware.

Data Collection Procedure
The consent form was prepared and given to the 
respondents so that the research objectives are clearly 
understood and the respondent is willing to participate. 
They were oriented on the study’s requirements and the 
confidentiality of  the information to be collected among 
them as respondents of  the study. A communication 
letter was also prepared to seek approval from higher 
authorities to distribute the instrument. Upon approval, 
the researcher appropriately consulted the Colleges’ 
Program Chairperson for the administration of  the 
questionnaire. The gathered data were checked, tallied, 
scored, and treated through weighted mean.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Demographic Profile of  the Respondents

imbalance within the sample, with males being the 
predominant group.

Table 1: Frequency and Percentage Distribution of  the 
Respondents in terms of  Age
Verbal Description Frequency Percent Rank
27 - above 1 1 4
24 - 26 5 5 3
21 - 23 49 49 1
18 - 20 45 45 2
Total 100 100

Table 2: Frequency and Percentage Distribution of  the 
Respondents in terms of  Gender
Respondents Frequency Percent
Male 70 70
Female 30 30
Total 100 100
18 - 20 45 45
Total 100 100

Table 3: Frequency Distribution of  the Respondents in 
terms of  Weight
Kilograms Frequency Percent Rank
71 – above 9 9 3
61 - 70 45 45 1
51 - 60 44 44 2
Below 50 kgs 2 2 4
Total 100 100

Table 1 provides a clear overview of  the age distribution 
among the 100 respondents. The majority of  respondents, 
49 out of  100, fall within the age range of  21-23, making 
it the most common age group in the survey. The second-
largest group consists of  individuals aged 18-20, with 
45 respondents. Age groups 24-26 and 27 and above 
represent smaller portions of  the sample, with 5 and 1 
respondents, respectively. These findings highlight the 
concentration of  respondents in the younger age brackets 
and the relatively limited representation of  older age 
groups in the survey.
Table 2 presents the gender distribution among the 100 
respondents in the study. The data reveals that a majority 
of  the respondents, accounting for 70% of  the total 
sample, are male, while the remaining 30% are female. 
This gender distribution highlights a significant gender 

Table 3 provides an overview of  the weight distribution 
among the 100 respondents in the study, along with their 
corresponding genders. The data reveals that the majority 
of  respondents, 45 out of  100, fall within the weight range 
of  61-70 kilograms. The second most common weight 
range is 51-60 kilograms, with 44 respondents falling into 
this category. A smaller number of  respondents, 9 in total, 
weigh 71 kilograms or more, while just 2 respondents 
weigh below 50 kilograms.

Level of  Awareness on Blood Donation
Table 4 illustrates the mean perception of  the respondents 
on their level of  awareness on blood donation having an 
overall mean of  3.04 described as aware.
Item number 3, emphasizing the crucial role of  blood 
donation in saving lives, received the highest mean 
score, indicating a high level of  awareness among the 
participants. This suggests that respondents recognize the 
life-saving potential of  blood donation and its importance 
in providing essential medical treatments and surgeries. 
Consequently, item number 4 got the second rank having 
an overall mean of  3.54 described as strongly agree. This 
implies that the awareness that blood donation is a selfless 
act with the power to make a significant difference in the 
lives of  those in need is a powerful motivator for potential 
donors. It not only encourages participation but also 
contributes to the development of  a compassionate and 
supportive society, fosters a sense of  personal fulfillment, 
and ensures readiness in times of  crisis. This awareness 
is the cornerstone of  a thriving blood donation culture 
that benefits both individuals and the community as a 
whole. In addition, item number 8 also got a description 
of  strongly agree which implies that the recognition that 
blood donation promotes a sense of  community and 
unity as people come together to support one another is 



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Table 4: Mean Perception of  the Respondents in the Level of  Awareness on Blood Donation 
Items Mean Rank Description
1. I am aware that blood donation has beneficial effects to the donor. 3.43 5 Strongly Agree
2. I understand that regular blood donation can help reduce the risk of  certain 
cardiovascular diseases in the donor.

3.25 6 Agree

3. I recognize that blood donation plays a crucial role in saving lives by providing 
essential medical treatments and surgeries.

3.60 1 Strongly Agree

4. I am aware that blood donation is a selfless act that can make a significant 
difference in the lives of  those in need.

3.54 2 Strongly Agree

5. I acknowledge that donating blood can help maintain adequate blood 
supplies for emergency situations and medical procedures.

3.20 7 Agree

6. I appreciate the fact that blood donation is a simple and relatively painless 
process that can have a profound impact on someone’s life.

1.60 10 Disagree

7. I understand that blood donors are screened for various health conditions, 
contributing to a healthier and more informed donor population.

1.70 9 Disagree

8. I recognize that blood donation promotes a sense of  community and unity 
as people come together to support one another.

3.49 3 Strongly Agree

9. I am aware that donating blood allows the body to regenerate new blood 
cells, which can have positive effects on one’s overall health.

3.48 4 Strongly Agree

10. I acknowledge that blood donation centers follow strict safety and hygiene 
protocols to ensure the well-being of  both donors and recipients.

3.11 8 Agree

Overall Mean 3.04 Aware

a powerful testament to the profound impact of  this act 
on individuals and society as a whole. The implications 
of  this awareness extend far beyond the act of  blood 
donation itself  and highlight the importance of  fostering 
a culture of  care and interconnectedness.
However, the statement about the perception of  blood 
donation as a simple and relatively painless process 
received the lowest mean score, indicating a lack of  
agreement among the respondents. This suggests that 
there may be misconceptions or lack of  information 

regarding the ease and painlessness of  the blood donation 
process.
Moreover, statement number 7 also got a disagree 
description which implies that the rigorous health 
screening process may inadvertently lead to the exclusion 
of  potential donors who have certain health conditions 
or engage in higher-risk behaviors. This exclusion can 
lead to feelings of  stigma and discrimination among 
individuals who are eager to contribute but are deemed 
ineligible.

Table 5: Summary table of  the Mean Perception of  the Respondents
Dependent variable Independent Variable r value p value Relationship
Level of  Awareness 
on Blood Donation

Age 0.009933 0.491063 Not Significant
Gender 0.004212 0.654331 Not Significant
Weight 0.076880 0.051244 Not Significant

Relationship of  Age and Level of  Awareness on 
Blood Donation 
Since the computed r value of  0.009933 is lower, 
considering that the health has a critical p-value of  
0.491063, it, therefore, means that there is no significant 
relationship between the variables. The null hypothesis is 
therefore accepted/not rejected.

Relationship of  Gender and Level of  Awareness on 
Blood Donation 
Since the computed r value of  0.004212 is lower, 
considering that the behavior has a critical p-value of  
0.654331, it, therefore, means that there is no significant 
relationship between the variables. The null hypothesis is 
therefore accepted/not rejected.

Relationship of  Weight and Level of  Awareness on 
Blood Donation 
Since the computed r value of  0.076880 is lower, 
considering that the study habits have a critical p-value of  
0.051244, it, therefore, means that there is no significant 
relationship between the variables. The null hypothesis is 
therefore accepted/not rejected.

CONCLUSION
The findings of  this study provide valuable insights into 
respondents’ awareness regarding blood donation. The 
majority of  the blood donor belongs to persons weighing 
61-70 kilograms and the majority of  the respondents are 
male. The gender of  the respondents is not related to 
their level of  awareness on blood donation. Generally, the 



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finding suggests a foundational level of  awareness about 
blood donation among the surveyed individuals. This 
awareness can be used as a starting point to build upon. The 
respondent’s awareness about the benefits they could get 
in donating blood encouraged them to donate blood. On 
the other hand, being unaware of  the process and purpose 
of  blood donation activity could lead to misinterpretations 
and as a result, could discourage them from being a donor 
even if  they are legible. It is evident that, on average, the 
respondents are moderately aware of  the significance of  
blood donation.

RECOMMENDATION
Blood donation organizations, healthcare providers, 
and educational institutions can continue to develop 
and strengthen awareness campaigns to ensure that this 
baseline awareness evolves into a more informed and 
active understanding of  blood donation. To enhance public 
awareness and trust in blood donation centers, consider 
implementing a comprehensive and accessible information 
campaign that highlights the specific safety and hygiene 
protocols in blood donation centers and utilizing various 
social media channels to disseminate information about 
blood donation, highlighting the benefits that it provides 
to both the donor and recipients. Consider having 
educational materials and workshops that clearly outline 
how the screening process identifies potential health risks, 
contributing to a healthier donor population and ultimately 
safeguarding the well-being of  both donors and recipients.

REFERENCES
Charbonneau, J., & Smith, A. (2016). Giving blood: The 

institutional making of  altruism. Routledge, Taylor & 
Francis Group.

Crisostomo, S. (2012). WHO urges people to get involved in 
voluntary blood donations to save lives. Philippine Star.

Dela Cruz, J. E. R. G., Dulin, M. A. R., Guarin, C. J. C., 
Marquez, M. A. U., & Romero, C. M. N. G. (2018). 
Factors associated with participation of  university 
students in Metro Manila in voluntary blood donation. 
College of  Public Health, University of  the Philippines Manila.

Devio, L. (2021). Red Cross to hold massive blood donation 
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Fernández de la Iglesia, Josefa del Carmen; Martínez-Santos, 
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Luci, C. M. (2021). PH Red Cross calls for blood donation 
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Majdabadi, H. A., Kahouei, M., Taslimi, S., & Langari, 
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