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American Journal Of Philological Sciences   
(ISSN – 2771-2273) 
VOLUME 02 ISSUE 10  Pages: 18-25 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR  (2022: 5. 445)  
OCLC – 1121105677    METADATA IF – 5.963 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
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ABSTRACT 

This article is devoted to the Masters of the skill of using proverbs and sayings in the novel “golden stainless” of the 

20th century writer Shukhrat. The article is based on the fact that the writer studied in depth the samples of the work 

of the people's mouth when creating the novel. In particular, the fact that the writer was able to use proverbs and 

main phrases appropriately in the novel is given by analysis and interpretation through excerpts from the work. 

Shukhrat is proved that the good knowledge of folklore fully ensured the life output of the novel “golden stainless”. 

 

KEYWORDS 

Folklore, proverb, main phrase, experience, heritage, value, skill. 

 

INTRODUCTION

The people are a great power that creates history and 

culture, material and spiritual wealth. Each nation 

accumulates a huge amount of life experience over the 

centuries, leaving this experience inherited by 

different means to future generations. Proverbs and 

sayings are such an invaluable heritage.Such priceless 

  Research Article 

 

SHUKHRAT’S IN THE NOVEL "GOLDEN STAINLESS" SKILL IN USING 

PROVERBS AND MAIN PHRASES 
 

Submission Date: October 01, 2022, Accepted Date:  October 05, 2022,  

Published Date: October 22, 2022  

Crossref doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/ajps/Volume02Issue10-04 

 

 

Nodira I. Soatova 
Associate Professor Jizzakh State Pedagogical University, Uzbekistan 

  

 

Journal Website: 

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Copyright: Original 

content from this work 

may be used under the 

terms of the creative 

commons attributes 

4.0 licence. 

 

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American Journal Of Philological Sciences   
(ISSN – 2771-2273) 
VOLUME 02 ISSUE 10  Pages: 18-25 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR  (2022: 5. 445)  
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and unique masterpieces of thought have been 

preserved and polished by our people for centuries, 

surviving the events of different times. There is no 

nation in the world that has not created masterpieces 

of wisdom, nor has it kept them in the language and 

language for centuries. "People's poetry will mature 

only in enthusiastic, timid, vibrant living, pure, boeticid 

and Noble peoples" [1; 295], " says N.G.Chernyshevsky. 

The role and importance of proverbs in his life was 

attributed to the Great Russian writer L.N.Tolstoy also 

gave a very high assessment:”in each proverb the 

figure of the people who created this proverb is visible 

" [2;3]. 

METHODS 

Indeed, in Proverbs, we see and feel the path traveled 

by our ancestors, their forgiven marriage, their joy and 

the suffering they suffered, thoughtful meaningful 

pand–admonitions, traditions, traditions of our 

ancestors who lived in ancient times, the Middle Ages 

and beyond. In Boisi folk Proverbs, The encyclopedic 

knowledge and observations of the people are 

expressed. Every proverb that the people have spoken 

for centuries is a mature work of art. In each line of 

masterpieces of this rich creation, a thousand and one 

wisdom is embodied. 

     It is known that the use of Proverbs, instructive 

sentences in a work of art increases the power of 

expression and realistic power of the work, ensuring an 

figurative statement of thought. Also, folk Proverbs 

decorate the speech of people with their compactness, 

full rhyme, vitality and enrich human thinking, clever 

with their treasure of wisdom. Therefore, it must be 

said that our creators at all times made good use of folk 

proverbs and sayings in their works. We will dwell 

below on the skill of using proverbs in the novel 

“golden stainless” of writer Fame and the portable 

meanings expressed in the articles in this work. At the 

same time, first of all, we should dwell on the opinions 

of literary scholars about the genre of Proverbs. 

"A proverb is a genre of folk oral creativity; a short and 

concise, figurative, grammatical and logical ending, a 

wise phrase, a deeply meaningful phrase. Having a 

certain rhythmic form” [3;543], the proverb expresses 

folk wisdom, born on the ground of life experiences. In 

literary criticism, the following signs of the genre of 

Proverbs are used: “one of the folklore genres with a 

short, deep meaning, a stable form widely used in 

speech, which arose on the basis of centuries-old 

experiences of the people. By its nature, the proverb is 

used in speech as portable or in its own sense, that is, 

some proverbs are used only in a portable sense (“The 

Crow does not sink The Crow's eye”, “the dry spoon 

tears the mouth”), sometimes in its own sense (“if the 

mother survives, the color–your face will not be 

straw”)” [4; 253– 254]. 

At this point, the folklorist scientist M.It is permissible 

to cite the definition of preferably given to the proverb: 

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VOLUME 02 ISSUE 10  Pages: 18-25 

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“proverbs in terms of their structure will be short, 

concise, thorough, logical and thoughtfully completed 

and concisely worked. Proverbs express the conclusion 

of valuable thoughts resulting from life experiences. 

Proverbs often have a poetic form. They differ from 

other types of folk oral creativity in their compactness, 

toughness and thorough work” [5;6]. From the 

definition given to the proverb by the above scholars, 

proverbs have a deep and perfect meaning, in which 

the wisdom of the People, national traditions, long 

centuries of life experience are embodied. Indeed, 

A.S.It is not for nothing that Pushkin wrote “how 

meaningful each of our proverbs! You say gold, gold! 

Creating them is not an easy sentence, no!"[6;455] – he 

says. So, without hesitation, we can say that fame, as 

Pushkin admits in the novel “golden stainless”, was 

able to reasonably use proverbs, the meaning of which 

is equal to gold, which, by the way, is also “not an easy 

statement.” Again, it should be noted separately that 

the “golden stainless”of Shukhrat is the first novel in 

Uzbek literature about the years of repression, a work 

built on the basis of sharp conflicts, sharp conflicts. 

In fact, the novel received its real assessment in literary 

criticism due to the injustices of the era of personality 

worship, the imprisonment of innocent people as black 

and unreasonable punishments, that is, the depiction 

of the hardships and torments of the life of an honest 

Uzbek intellectual of the despotic system. In the 

Sixties, when” golden stainless “was written,” says 

Pirimkul Kadyrov, "the so – called "censorship" 

prohibitions and prints were still very strong. 

Shukhrat’s  brother was the first in Uzbek literature to 

create a great novel that exposes riotous tyrants who 

led through these prohibitions and pressures, unjustly 

imprisoned an honest intellectual and imposed false 

accusations on him that do not stand on a shovel” [7; 

43-71]. 

Well, at this point, let's dwell on the recognition that 

the writer himself wrote about the creation of the 

novel in 1968 under the heading “two oral words about 

myself”to the 3 roof of The Shukhrat “selected works”: 

“I examined the works of writers who entered my ear 

as much as possible. Of all, household attractiveness in 

Mopassan, romantic heroism in Jack London, 

compactness and accuracy in Chekhov, scale and 

psychological integrity in Lev Tolstoy captivated me. 

With” war and peace “read”Anna Karenina "two or 

three times chiqdim...To' the cave, until I read them 

regularly, read Oybek's novels “Blood Of Honor”, 

“Navoi”, Abdulla Kahhor's novel and stories “Sarab”, 

and the funny stories of Ghafur Ghulam, finding a 

charm and a miracle every time he read, “oh how 

wonderful”. It seems to me that these sparks of envy 

and fascination were whispered by my next reading. 

And when I read the two immortal works of Abdulla 

Qadiri, he was a little forgotten.)”[8;7–8]. 

In the 20th century, in the world of literature, on the 

scientific front, sceintest, when counting writers, first 

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(ISSN – 2771-2273) 
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recorded the name of the “Great brothers”and then 

entered the urf to mention national writers and 

scientists. According to tradition, Shukhrat also counts 

world and Russian writers first, and then the names of 

Uzbek writers, when counting one by one the writers 

who gave him an ideological mentor in writing a prose 

work. It is noteworthy that fame on this date is A.The 

Almighty gives his name in parentheses in the form of 

an attachment to the main sentence with the comment 

that “at this time he was “a little more forgotten”. And 

we are interested in something else. What, fame did 

not come to 1968, when with the” passing days “really 

forgot about the”Scorpion from the altar"? Could it not 

be that if he were” a little more forgotten", he would 

leave him without writing down? After all, he's writing 

about himself! 

True, a person's memory is not a magnetic tape, he can 

remember, forget. This is a normal process. But 

Shukhrat has not forgotten either The Almighty or his 

“two immortal works”. It's just that the writer, who 

just got out of prison and was just beginning to meet, 

is looking for a way out of the way for himself, doing 

his best to name the Almighty, although he wrote in 

parentheses “I could not remember” [9;46]. In 

addition to the views of the literary scientist, it can be 

said that although the writer did not note garchand in 

his confession, which he wrote in the preface under the 

title “two oral words about myself”, most of all the 

writer was also closely acquainted with the samples of 

folk oral creativity, we can see that there is inner 

closeness to the people Also, the fact that the writer 

was able to skillfully use folk proverbs and sayings in 

his novels indicates that the role of folklorisms in his 

work is great 

It is known that in Uzbek folk Proverbs there is a 

proverb about family and neighborliness “the 

neighbor's heel looks Goose, The Bride is a girl [10], and 

the writer used this proverb to give an image of 

Mirsalim in the chapter of the novel “both Hearts Beat 

gurs – gurs”, to show what the faithful did in the new 

school: “there are no days To me. Yesterday, late in the 

spring of the weekend, he took the eighth grade to the 

Museum of history himself...in another class he 

watched madrasah, who was nurtured by a spit. As the 

neighbor's Peacock says it looks like a goose, these 

simple deeds of the faithful put him in the eyes of 

Mirsalim with a splash? At the same time, he made his 

anger and slept his jealousy” [8;357]. Apparently, the 

writer was content with bringing the first stanza of the 

folk proverb and was in accordance with his goal, the 

strengthening of ya'nikim reality. 

In several places of the novel, The Writer skillfully 

applied proverbs and purist phrases. In particular, we 

can see that in the” thief Cat "season he again used the 

image of Mirsalim in his Paradise speech when he 

opened:" when Mirsalim went out saying goodbye 

dark? Heaven closed the door with dice. Said to her 

husband: 

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- Fear the one who has opened up, and the one who 

has laughed. This is not a good person. 

- Why, being my fellow?- took to the joke faithful. He 

would not see a reason to be offended " (P.8; p. 364). 

The proverb used by this writer in Proverbs about 

“prudence and carelessness” is “afraid of one new 

marriage, one new enrichment”, “fear of the goat seen 

by the market”, “fear of the mother who praised her 

child” [11;426] was created under the influence of 

Proverbs and brought into the work by the writer with 

the aim of enhancing artistic 

Reading the work, we witness that in several places 

purhikmat phrases and proverbs were used to express 

various tasks. In particular, remembering the proverb” 

they read--Gulistan, uneducated–ghuristan", they 

promised to turn Tashkent into a gross literate city this 

year... Previously,” ten wives would say that one pot 

cannot boil " (8; 408). As can be seen from this 

passage, the purhikmat phrase and proverbs used by 

the writer in the novel are significant in the fact that 

they develop peculiarities in the hero's psyche, are able 

to reflect comprehensive thoughts in compact lines. 

"The faithful is surprised and climbs the engagee. It is 

not interesting for a poor wife, whose knife is worn on 

the bone, to say sweetly and fill her sheep with a puck 

nut....To shame, the city is wide-it can make it 

ungrateful. But the faithful was not afraid of his 

humiliation, nevertheless lowered the advice–: 

• What do you say, sister? 

• I was surprised by you....Do you call to justice?.. 

• Then-does he not say that you are going to 

allow? 

• Last time silent. 

• This answer from the wife again encouraged 

the faithful. Even so, asked the wife the whole 

story, advised the wife to tell her own 

shortcomings as well. 

• Kars comes out of two hands, my sister, you 

too hadeb to recover. Human language is sharp 

from any wedge! A language that loves and a 

language that annoys. 

• Wow -, when I answer one of the ten words of 

the circle, it goes into the world-and from the 

beginning of the word it hits my mouth saying 

“smoke smells of your speech.” Would you 

hear from him again, and cover the embers 

with paper? 

The wife cried again, saying that she was hurt by her 

children, that as soon as her dad entered the door, they 

would tremble at the dacha. 

- Teach from my God, he does not give a child to the 

beggar, he joins the bully...” (8;415). 

As the above passage shows, several folk main phrases 

and proverbs were used in this small dialogue. "The 

knife is worn on the bone”, “the sheep is stuffed with 

nuts”, “the applause comes out of two hands”, “both 

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VOLUME 02 ISSUE 10  Pages: 18-25 

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the language that makes you love and the language 

that decorates”," smoke smells of your speech " would 

wrap the embers in paper!", "the beggar does not give 

a child, adding to the hooligan...”. In opening the 

essence of the work, the writer was able to bring this 

pure expression and proverb in his place, ensuring the 

folk, fluency, popularity of the work, increasing its 

impressionability, and allowing the reader to easily 

convey the inner world of artistic images. 

"The camel's sock, as if the horse's name was huge, did 

not know that the faithful horse had reached the 

“alien” school by walking... I must talk so that six Ham 

and kebab do not burn either. Surely not everything his 

wife says is true, and he adds and adds all the time he 

goes to arz, and even if he does not want to, trouble 

and anger force him to do so. First you need to know 

her husband's friend, good approaches the good, 

misguides the bad path” (8;416). We think that another 

aspect that shows the skill of the writer is that he was 

able to use purgatory phrases and proverbs even in the 

thoughts of the heroes. This circumstance gave the 

work a folk spirit and tone, and the syncretic state of 

the possibilities of folklore and written literature 

served to enhance the artistry of the novel. 

“When the school's scientific director did not answer, 

he relaxed a little, saying,” Although this man will also 

put his guard on everything." Then they were again 

embodied. The eye I filled with blood like the crown of 

a fighting cock. ldi.....Er humiliation-worse than the 

humiliation of the Earth! If you are right, the shadow 

curve will not fall, do not justify yourself!” (8;416). The 

writer was not only well versed in folk purhikmat 

phrases and proverbs, but also skillfully applied them 

in his novel, enriching them with a new form and 

content, while keeping them in essence. It is clear from 

the excerpts from the novel that we think that the 

writer created the novel “golden stainless” in full 

under the influence of folk oral creativity, that fame 

was able to reveal the inner world of modern images 

with a style characteristic of oral creativity determines 

its uniqueness as a creator. 

"He says that he stumbles on a flat Earth, pampered. 

Okay, it was a lesson for him, now he also drinks yogurt 

with a blow. 

The brown goose walking on the lake does not know 

the value of the desert, 

The tuvalah walking in the Desert does not know the 

value of the hand” (8;495). 

From the excerpt from this novel, we can see that the 

writer managed to describe in a simple way the 

incredibly large-scale, comprehensive thoughts, 

beautiful artistic finds. 

"- Trouble needs patience, thanks to the accident, John 

child. It is no pity that you beat yourself into fire and 

water” (8;499), “reproach the servant does, May God 

bless you, my soul child. Winter will not be without 

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summer, these days will also pass, the arrest of 

alagarga will remain–said Aunt Justice to her daughter 

–in-law, prolonging tea, - Take, eat two buns of bread 

with a cup of tea, there will be Medicine. Hadeb to the 

word on the street does not burn, if a friend speaks 

with a burn, the enemy speaks with an increase. Left to 

the idol of any blind beggar, my child is poor! Do not be 

offended by everyone, there is always a lot from bad to 

good, from Haram to honest” (8;501). A characteristic 

feature of the writer is that only one aunt of Justice 

used several main phrases and proverbs in a small 

conversation, in which the bride said in an exhortative 

manner in order to cheer up Heaven and wipe out the 

grief, gave a philosophical–didactic spirit to the 

episode that the writer wanted to describe, increased 

the emotionality of the image. 

“I am not in doubt, dear, I am taking a precautionary 

measure – - smiles are able. – I say that the wedding will 

spread until the bald is tense, as if waiting for the girl in 

love to make an offer, and not white falls on my beard. 

- Does not fall! Does not fall? Was -, I'll wait” (8;398). As 

can be seen from the proverbs presented in the novel, 

The writer was well versed in folk oral creativity, 

therefore, in the work main used phrases and proverbs 

in his place. This circumstance fully ensured the life 

output of the work. 

CONCLUSION 

So, the poems created under the influence of folk oral 

creativity by a versatile talent, a creative person loyal 

to his people and his homeland [12;13;14], epics, stories, 

short stories and works of art journalism significantly 

enriched the spiritual heritage of our people. The 

language of his works is simple, fluent, close to the folk 

language, more precisely, the artistic image of the 

people's dreams and dreams. For this reason, the 

literary heritage of Shukhrat  stands among the famous 

examples of Uzbek literature of the 20th century and 

directly serves to educate the younger generation in 

the spirit of goodness. 

REFERENCES 

1. N.G.Chernyshevsky. Paln.SABR. hair.,T, P str.295. 

2. National Encyclopedia of Uzbekistan. Volume 5, 

Oz.ME publishing house, T., 2003 

3. Khatamov N., Garlic B. Russian–Uzbek Explanatory 

Dictionary of literary science terms. - T.: Teacher, 

1983 

4. Shukhrat. Gold stainless.- T.: The clever reader, 

2021. 

5. Preferred M. About Uzbek folk Proverbs. // Uzbek 

folk Proverbs. Publishing house of literature and 

art, T., 1978 

6. "Pushkin v V vospominaniyakh sovremennikov".- 

L., 1980, 455-str 

7. Shukhrat is in the memory of contemporaries. - T.: 

Uzbekistan, 2008 

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8. Fame. Two oral words about myself. Selected 

works. 3 completeness. 1 full. - T.: Ghafur Ghulam, 

1969. 

9. Yadgarova M. Creative biography of the novel 

“Golden stainless” of Shukhrat historicism and 

artistry. The elephant.f.f.dissertation written for 

the degree of doctor (PhD) 

10. https://n.ziyouz.com/portal-haqida/xarita/uzbek-

xalq-ogzaki-ijodi/uzbek-xalq-maqollari 

11. Uzbek folk Proverbs.- T.: East, 2005 

12. Saatova, nodira. (2021). SHUKHRAT AND 

FOLKLORE. Journal Horizon Philologii, 3(3). 

izvlecheno horse https: / / journal. CSPI. face / 

index. php/ hp/ text/view / 1904 

13. Saatova N. Folk melodies in the poetry of Fame. 

Mirror of literature. Scientific collection. - 

Tashkent: Uzfa State Literary Museum, 2009. №11 

14. Saatova N. Folklore traditions in the work of 

Shukhrat. Uzbek language and literature. - 

Tashkent: "Science", 2011. №5 

 

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