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American Journal Of Philological Sciences   
(ISSN – 2771-2273) 
VOLUME 02 ISSUE 06     Pages: 07-10 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR  (2022: 5. 445)  
OCLC – 1121105677    METADATA IF – 5.963 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ABSTRACT 

This article describes the  study of the topic synonymy and rhythm in the works of domestic and foreign linguists. 

Synonymy demonstrates the richness and diversity of the language. The presence of a large number of synonyms 

creates ample opportunities for the transmission of thoughts and feelings, makes speech flexible and expressive. The 

richer the lexical synonymy, the more possibilities of semantic expression, the higher the expressive potential of the 

language. N. M. Karamzin considers synonyms a source of language enrichment:" 

 

 

KEYWORDS 

Synonymy, semantic-symbolic, emotional-stylistic and functional-stylistic synonyms, monosyllabic, polysyllabic. 

 

INTRODUCTION 

Philologists of the first half of the nineteenth century 

believed that there could be no "unambiguous", that 

is, identical in meaning, words in the language, and 

defined synonyms as "similar", "similar in meaning" 

words, took into account the expressive features of 

the word, its belonging to a certain style ("syllable"). In 

the first half of the twentieth century, G. O. Vinokur 

argued that in living speech "it is impossible to find a 

single position in which it would be all the same how to 

say: horse or horse, child or child, road or path.    Thus, 

synonyms were understood as words of close, but not 

identical meaning, while it was the presence of 

  Research Article 

 

THE STUDY OF THE TOPIC SYNONYMY AND RHYTHM IN THE WORKS OF 

DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN LINGUISTS 
 

Submission Date: May 23, 2022, Accepted Date:  June 03, 2022,  

Published Date: June 14, 2022  

Crossref doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/ajps/Volume02Issue06-02 

 

 

Sevara F. Alimova 
Lecturer, Department of "Chinese Philology" Tashkent State University of Oriental Studies, Uzbekistan 

Journal Website: 

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Copyright: Original 

content from this work 

may be used under the 

terms of the creative 

commons attributes 

4.0 licence. 

 

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Volume 02 Issue 06-2022 8 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Philological Sciences   
(ISSN – 2771-2273) 
VOLUME 02 ISSUE 06     Pages: 07-10 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR  (2022: 5. 445)  
OCLC – 1121105677    METADATA IF – 5.963 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

differences between synonyms that was recognized as 

the key to their life in the language.  

THE MAIN RESULTS AND FINDINGS 

A significant study of synonyms was also conducted by 

Uzbek, Russian and European linguists. It is especially 

important to note the contribution of Russian linguists. 

A. A. Bragin writes: "We take as the basis of synonymy 

the proximity of meanings expressing shades of one 

concept. Thus, the differentiating role of synonyms is 

brought to the fore, not only the common meaning of 

synonymous words is highlighted, but also even more 

important distinguishing features of each of the 

synonyms." 

Synonymy demonstrates the richness and diversity of 

the language. The presence of a large number of 

synonyms creates ample opportunities for the 

transmission of thoughts and feelings, makes speech 

flexible and expressive. The richer the lexical 

synonymy, the more possibilities of semantic 

expression, the higher the expressive potential of the 

language. N. M. Karamzin considers synonyms a source 

of language enrichment:"A rich language is one in 

which you will find words not only to denote the main 

ideas, but also to explain their differences..." 

We can also find a number of comments directly on 

Chinese synonyms in textbooks, textbooks and studies 

of Russian linguists. For example, in the "Handbook of 

Chinese Lexicology" by V.I. Gorelov, synonyms are 

expressed by the term "tongyici", synonyms are 

defined as words expressing the same concept.  The 

classification of synonyms is mainly based on their two 

properties - distinguishing and differentiating 

(grading) properties. According to these signs, Chinese 

synonyms are divided into three types: semantic-

symbolic, emotional-stylistic and functional-stylistic 

synonyms. 

Semantic-symbolic synonyms can distinguish many 

features, including explicit or implicit concepts, and 

sometimes features of human and animal concepts. 

For example: 隐藏 [yǐncán] - hide (in relation to people 

and objects) and 隐瞒 [ynmán] - hide (in relation to 

abstract concepts).The function of emotional and 

methodological synonyms is to convey the main 

meaning of the subject. 

In addition, it is a subjective assessment of the word 

and an increase in the emotional coloring of the word. 

Thus, they perform an emotionally differentiating 

function. For example: 团结 [tuánjié] - combine 

(includes neutral vocabulary); 勾结 [gōujié] - find, 

stumble (this is a negative coloring); 勾串[gōuchuàn] - 

conspire, agree (there is a negative 

coloring).Functional and methodological synonyms 

define additional meanings. The main function of these 

synonyms is to give stylistic coloring to an expression 

that performs the function of stylistic differentiation. 

For the Chinese, Putonghua is characterized by 

synonymous pairs originating from Wenyang.In the 

following examples, the words used in putunhua are 

connected with venianisms 消灭 [xiāomiè] (歼灭

[jiānmiè]) - to destroy; 埋葬[máizàng] (安 [ [aznzàng]) 

- to bury, to bury. 

Another Russian linguist A.L.Semenas in his manual on 

Chinese vocabulary analyzed synonyms from the point 

of view of their division into mainly formal types.  In 

Chinese, synonyms are divided into several types 

according to their form structure. When classifying 

them, it is important to first consider how many 

syllables there are in a word, and then whether there 

are any common or different elements. 

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Volume 02 Issue 06-2022 9 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Philological Sciences   
(ISSN – 2771-2273) 
VOLUME 02 ISSUE 06     Pages: 07-10 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR  (2022: 5. 445)  
OCLC – 1121105677    METADATA IF – 5.963 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

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The first group includes synonyms expressed in 

monosyllabic words. The number of monosyllabic 

synonyms in Chinese is not so large compared to other 

groups. Many of them belong to the main dictionary. 

For example: 看 [kàn] - to look, 见 [jiàn] - to see, 望 

[wàng] - to look twice. 

The second group includes synonyms represented by 

monosyllabic and polysyllabic words.Such synonyms 

themselves are also divided into two subgroups. 1. 

Synonyms that do not have a common component. For 

example: 吹 [chuī] - to brag, 夸口 [kuāku] - to boast.2. 

Synonyms of a partially compatible component. For 

example: 飞 [fēi] - to fly, 飞翔 [fēixiáng] - to circle (in 

the air). Synonyms of the second group often belong 

to the category of nouns, and in this case they mean 

the same kind of objects, which means that there are 

relatively few synonyms in the verb group. 

The third group includes polysyllabic words consisting 

of two or more syllables. They are also divided into 

three groups. 1. Synonyms that do not have a common 

component, that is, different components. A small 

number of synonyms in this group are words with the 

same meaning, that is, absolute synonyms. For 

example: 明白 [míngbái] - to understand, to 

comprehend; 清楚 [qīngchu] - to comprehend. 

In the article by E.Y. Sidelnikova "Modern Chinese 

synonymy" (using the example of the adverb还hái), it 

is emphasized that synonyms should have the 

following characteristics: 

 Synonyms in the narrow sense of the word should 

have the same interpretation in the dictionary, i.e. 

be translated into the same expression of the 

semantic language, reflect the same concept, 

object or phenomenon. 

 Must have the same number of active semantic 

valences. 

 Must belong to the same (deep) part of speech. 

 All participants of the same SR should be 

synonymous with each other, but this does not 

oblige them to be interchangeable in speech turns. 

Considerable work on the analysis of synonyms has 

been carried out and continues in Uzbek linguistics. 

The first synonymic dictionary in Uzbek linguistics, 

created on the basis of a separate written monumental 

language, is a dictionary of synonyms used in 

Boburnom. The dictionary was compiled by Mirza 

Ahmad Alimov and contains interesting ideas about 

language affiliation, grammatical forms, stylistic 

features of individual words that form a number of 

synonyms in the dictionary. Among the linguists who 

have made a significant contribution to the 

lexicography of the Uzbek language in general, Doctor 

of Philosophy. Ergash Umarov, academician Azim 

Khodjaev, Doctor of Philosophy. Olim Usmon, Doctor 

of Philosophy. Zokir Marupov, you can refer to such 

scientists as Doctor of Philosophy Abduvakhob 

Madaliev. 

CONCLUSION 

As a result, we came to the conclusion that synonyms 

are an important part of the vocabulary of the 

language, these are words that have different forms 

and pronunciation, but their meanings are very close, 

they are synonyms. The phenomenon of synonymy 

means that words close to each other differ in form. 

In Chinese, synonyms are expressed by the concepts 同

义词 [tóngyìcí], 等义词 [děngyìcí], 近义词 [jìnyìcí], and 

they have different meanings.A review of the works of 

Chinese linguists showed that the term 等义词 

[děngyìcí] is used more in the sense of an absolute 

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Volume 02 Issue 06-2022 10 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Philological Sciences   
(ISSN – 2771-2273) 
VOLUME 02 ISSUE 06     Pages: 07-10 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR  (2022: 5. 445)  
OCLC – 1121105677    METADATA IF – 5.963 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

synonym, and 同义词 [tóngyìcí] and 近义词 [jìnyìcí] - in 

the sense of lexical synonyms. 

Analysis of scientific works of Uzbek, Russian, 

European and Chinese linguists has shown that most of 

them give the same definition of the concept of 

synonymy. 

REFERENCES 

1. Gorelov VI "Lexicology of the Chinese language", 

Moscow, "Enlightenment", 1984 

2. Dragunov AA "Grammatical system of the modern 

Chinese language", Leningrad, 1962. 

3. Jurinskaya M.A. Tipologicheskaya klassifikatsiya 

yazykov lingvisticheskiy entsklopedicheskiy 

slovar, M. 2002 (LES) 

4. Kuznetsov P.S. Morphological classification 

yazыkov. M.1954. 

5. 刘月华，翻文古”实用汉语语法”北京 2007. 

6. 何世达”现代汉语”北京出版社 1986. 

7. Зиямухамедов, Д. Т. (2021). Вопросы передачи 

национального характера в переводах с 

китайского языка. тельность всем коллегам, 

принявшим участие в рецен-зировании статей 

сборника: МЮ Авдониной, СР Агабабян, ВМ 

Бухарову, ГМ Василь, 86. 

8. Ziyamukhamedov, J. (2022). PU Sungling's 

Creative Legacy as a Classic Example of Medieval 

Chinese Literature. International Journal of Early 

Childhood Special Education, 14(1). 

 

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