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American Journal Of Philological Sciences   
(ISSN – 2771-2273) 
VOLUME 02 ISSUE 11  Pages: 57-63 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR  (2022: 5. 445)  
OCLC – 1121105677    METADATA IF – 5.963 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ABSTRACT 

The communicative strategy of speech is a method of goal realization. It includes the selection of facts, evidence and 

a certain degree of illumination in order to have an intellectual, emotional and emotional impact on the addressee, 

that is, the listener. That is, it is a whole set of speech activities aimed at a communicative goal. Communicative 

strategies reflect social models approved by society. They interpret speech as a mediator that connects the individual's 

level of knowledge with verbal and pragmatic motivation. 

 

KEYWORDS 

Language, culture, speech, speech expression, human, communication, pragmatics, communication process, speech 

process, discourse, determined by linguistic; 

INTRODUCTION

Most of the scientific works on discourse are those that 

are approached from a linguistic point of view. It was 

in linguistics that the term "discourse" was first used as 

an independent category. It is noted that this scientific 

  Research Article 

 

COMMUNICATIVE EXPRESSION OF THE TEXT OR DISCURSIVE STRATEGY 
 

Submission Date: November 01, 2022, Accepted Date:  November 10, 2022,  

Published Date: November 18, 2022  

Crossref doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/ajps/Volume02Issue11-08 

 

 

Laylo K. Baymuradova 
Lecturer Department Of English Language Karshi State University Uzbekistan 

  

 

Journal Website: 

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Copyright: Original 

content from this work 

may be used under the 

terms of the creative 

commons attributes 

4.0 licence. 

 

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Volume 02 Issue 11-2022 58 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Philological Sciences   
(ISSN – 2771-2273) 
VOLUME 02 ISSUE 11  Pages: 57-63 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR  (2022: 5. 445)  
OCLC – 1121105677    METADATA IF – 5.963 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

linguistic phrase was first used in 1943 by the Belgian 

scientist E. Buisans in his book "Language and speech" 

published in Brussels. Among the language-speech 

opposition, Beuyssans includes the third member, 

discourse. By this term, the mechanism of transfer of 

the language as a system of symbols into live speech 

was meant. In general, until 1960, the concept of 

discourse was used in linguistics as a synonym for text 

and speech. It is from that period that the concept of 

"discourse" began to be used not only in the field of 

linguistics, but also in humanities. This situation is to 

some extent related to the linguistic turn associated 

with the widespread promotion of systematic 

methodology and systematic linguistics. 

THE MAIN RESULTS AND FINDINGS 

It is known that the text is interpreted as a complete 

thought connected with each other by means of 

meaning and lexical-grammatical means. In addition to 

being an event directly related to the subject, the 

expressed opinion is also considered to have its own 

addressee. Components such as the speaker, the 

addressee, the subject of communication, and the 

conditions of communication, which are involved in the 

statement of opinion, form the speech situation. 

And the components of the speech situation are 

implemented in relation to the non-linguistic factors of 

the text. The main participant in a speech situation is 

                                                           
1 Biryukova, 2007 

the speaker. A speech text is created when the speaker 

uses linguistic and non-linguistic tools in speech. 

Speech, in turn, is determined by linguistic means of 

expression, text components. Expressed thought and 

purpose of speech is a phenomenon related to the 

formation of the spoken text by the speaker. As a 

result, the purpose of the speech text is formed. 

Usually, the following types of speech goals are 

distinguished: 

- conveying information; 

- activation (encouraging the addressee to act); 

- proving (convincing the interlocutor) 1  
 . 

Any expressed speech act is not made up of linguistic 
means, but is reflected in the experience of the 
addressee, the ability to use speech means effectively, 
the compatibility of the linguistic units that make up 
the spoken text, and the correct choice of the 
communicative strategy. In addition, the range of 
communicative strategies is transferred to the plan of 
expression in different situations and in the text. B.M. 
Gasparov includes the following among them: 1) 
communicative purpose of the author; 2) the 
interaction of the author and addressees; 3) significant 
and transitory circumstances; 4) general ideological 
situation and direct and indirect methodological 
expression aimed at specific individuals of a certain 
period; 5) communicative situation and 
methodological features of information; 6) many 

associations based on previous experiences 2  
. Sh. According to Safarov, the text is formed in 
connection with the logical - mental, evaluation, 

2 Gasparov, 1996 

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Volume 02 Issue 11-2022 59 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Philological Sciences   
(ISSN – 2771-2273) 
VOLUME 02 ISSUE 11  Pages: 57-63 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR  (2022: 5. 445)  
OCLC – 1121105677    METADATA IF – 5.963 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

emotional, socio-psychological aspects of speech 

activity 3  
. 

The word text is derived from the Latin language (lat. 
textus) and means fabric, base, combination. 
Therefore, first of all, it is necessary to determine what 
is included in the speech text and for what purpose. 
The concept of text, in turn, refers to the content of 
symbols and language units. Its main features are unity 
and integrity. Such a combination of signs is 
recognized as a high-level communicative unit. 
Because it is considered complete in content. The text 
is interpreted as a complete piece of information, 
content-formed artistic work that has unity in content. 
A whole is understood as a set of speech parts that 
have a content, are made up of certain parts, have their 
own function in the content, and also have a 
communicative strategy. The ideas that exist in 
linguistics about the essence of the text and its main 
features are also recognized by researchers who have 

studied the text from the psycholinguistic aspect. 4  
  

The text usually consists of such categories as content, 
content, device, task, communicative. Although these 
structural categories are different, they complement 
each other. Coherence and coherence are used as key 
features of the text for ease of analysis. S.O. 
Boymirzaeva evaluates the text as a cognitive-
discursive process and emphasizes that cognitive 

structures are the basis of linguistic reality 5  
.The discursive nature of the text, the theory of 
linguistic pragmatics, that is, the interpretation of 
events related to the practical use of speech, create 
favorable opportunities for understanding the national 

identity specific to that language 6  
  are also important. Because these features 

complement each other within the framework of the 

                                                           
3 Sh. Safarov, 2008 
4 Yuldashev, 2009 

real text. The content of the text is implemented 

implicitly and explicitly with the help of language tools. 

Therefore, the linguistic connection is considered to be 

the main indicator of the integrity of the content. In a 

speech situation, the text is evaluated from a 

communicative point of view when it conveys a certain 

content. Presupposition is one of the important 

concepts in the formation of the content of the text. 

Presupposition is prior knowledge aimed at 

understanding the text, the content component of the 

text. Acceptance of such previous knowledge as 

approximate knowledge is widespread . 

Presupposition can be evaluated as an explanation in a 

certain sense regarding the subsequent events based 

on the knowledge and experiences of the author of the 

text. 

According to the plan of expression, the text can be 

written or spoken. Both forms require "textuality" 

such as external relevance and internal 

meaningfulness. Sh. Safarov states that "the text is a 

product of speech activity"  . Pragmatic analysis of the 

text is related to its functional expression, logically 

used in its continuation and development. Within the 

text, pragmatics serves as a communicative task from 

a linguistic point of view, to ensure the connection 

between the subject (the author of the text) and the 

addressee (the reader or listener). 

5 Boymirzaeva, 2010 
6 Hakimov, 2001 

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Volume 02 Issue 11-2022 60 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Philological Sciences   
(ISSN – 2771-2273) 
VOLUME 02 ISSUE 11  Pages: 57-63 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR  (2022: 5. 445)  
OCLC – 1121105677    METADATA IF – 5.963 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

Subject speech is defined in the text in: 

- goals and tasks of information (giving information, 

giving instructions, wishes, wishes, etc.); 

-types of speech; 

- evaluating and reacting to the information provided; 

- formation of information text structure; 

-formation of the text based on the wishes and 

interests of the addressee. 

The speech of the addressee or the speaker is 

determined in the analysis of the text in: 

- analysis of directly and indirectly expressed text 

content; 

-understanding the intellectual, emotional, aesthetic 

effect of the text. 

Such a pragmatic analysis of text illuminates the 

interaction between author and reader, speaker and 

listener, and establishes a useful standard of textual 

information. Pragmatic analysis of text is studied 

within discourse theory .Discourse is interpreted as a 

means of ensuring the connection built on the basis of 

psychological, political-economic, socio-cultural and 

similar extralinguistic factors in the text. 

Russian linguist E.V. Paducheva analyzes the strategic 

approach of objection, biting in the process of 

communication on a psychological level and considers 

this situation as a mutual adaptation of the 

interlocutors, and evaluates objection and biting as 

actions aimed at stimulating and reacting  .In addition, 

interaction in the process of communication can be 

considered as a method of realization of mutual 

intentions of communication participants. 

Interpersonal relations in the communication process 

are carried out within the communicative-pragmatic 

level. It is considered appropriate to include language 

tools used in communicative-pragmatic 

communication in the components related to social 

norms. In this case, the communication participants 

aim to achieve a certain goal during the communication 

process. This goal is considered the speech strategy of 

the participants of communication in social processes. 

According to the purpose of communication, each 

person uses appropriate speech models for the 

construction of speech. These models serve to ensure 

effective and successful communication in the process 

of interpersonal communication. In order for the 

communication to produce the expected result, the 

linguistic person uses a number of speech tools and 

expression methods to realize his goals and desires. 

These methods of expression include communicative 

strategy, speech strategy, communicative tactics. The 

following conclusions were reached based on the 

analysis of theoretical views and approaches to the 

communicative strategy specific to the purpose of 

communication: 

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Volume 02 Issue 11-2022 61 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Philological Sciences   
(ISSN – 2771-2273) 
VOLUME 02 ISSUE 11  Pages: 57-63 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR  (2022: 5. 445)  
OCLC – 1121105677    METADATA IF – 5.963 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

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 A systematic implementation of the communicative 

situation is required within the framework of research 

related to speech and communicative strategy. This 

approach makes it possible to reliably determine the 

reasons for the success of communication, the 

effective end of communication, the achievement of 

the intended goal, or the failure of the used 

communicative strategy. In addition, a systematic 

approach is important to help the participant in the 

communication to create a well-thought-out strategy 

for the next communication process and, as a result, to 

focus on the correction of errors and the choice of 

language and speech tools in the communication 

process. 

 In linguistics, the strategy is expressed in managing 

the communication process, psychologically 

influencing the communication participants, ensuring 

speech activity, and so on. The speech strategy of 

interlocutors includes the use of linguistic means to 

change the internal psycho-emotional state of the 

addressee, to direct the listener to perform some 

verbal or non-verbal behavior. 

Communicative strategy is a set of speech acts planned 

in advance by the speaker and theoretical methods in 

the process of communication, which ensure the goal 

of communication and determine its implementation. 

It is important to distinguish strategies that enable the 

communication process. Because, in linguistics, this 

movement is studied within the framework of linguo-

pragmatics and determines the target structure of 

communicative and speech communication. 

Depending on the purpose of communication, each 

strategy includes both verbal and non-verbal types. In 

a general sense, the implementation of a 

communicative strategy includes the following 

sequence of actions: selection of effective 

communication methods, planning and choosing the 

most appropriate of them; effective use of linguistic 

and speech tools in the implementation of the plan: 

appropriate use of linguistic and cultural units suitable 

for the communication situation, effective use of 

communication etiquette norms applicable in the 

society, etc. 

Speech communication is an important condition of 

human life and activity. It is with the help of 

communication that people have the opportunity to 

master their nature and work together to satisfy their 

needs. Speech communication is a process unique to 

humans, and mutual speech communication is the 

most important element of the creation of human 

society. The communicative process takes the leading 

place among the activities carried out by people. It is 

considered to satisfy the most important human need, 

that is, the need related to living in society and 

functioning as an individual. That is why speech 

communication is important for everyone to organize 

activities in society. In the process of communication, 

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Volume 02 Issue 11-2022 62 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Philological Sciences   
(ISSN – 2771-2273) 
VOLUME 02 ISSUE 11  Pages: 57-63 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR  (2022: 5. 445)  
OCLC – 1121105677    METADATA IF – 5.963 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

pragmatic tasks are realized within the communicative 

goal. That is why there was a proposal to include the 

perlocutionary effect resulting from the speech act in 

the scope of pragmalinguistic analysis. The 

communication process is based on communicative 

(information transfer), interactive (interaction) and 

perceptive (mutual perception) actions. According to 

Z. Wendler, the illocutionary goal is, in fact, "a mental 

action in which the speaker encourages the listener to 

perform this action." This goal is realized with the help 

of certain speech strategies and speech tactics. 

Communication is a process of interaction between 

people as a result of their activities arising from the 

needs of their joint activities. That is, on the basis of the 

activity of each person in society (work, study, play, 

creativity, etc.), mutual relations, forms of interaction, 

cooperation, and competition are formed. Because any 

activity takes place in complex cooperation, such as 

people communicating with each other, forming 

relationships, discussing various issues, transferring 

various information to each other, going to 

confrontations, and exchanging ideas. That is why the 

success of each person in his role in society, his 

reputation in the community is directly related to his 

ability to communicate. The activity of individuals in 

this society also depends on the effective 

implementation of mutual relations. In mutual 

cooperation, the communication environment is of 

great importance in the purposeful development of 

relations. Communication is built on the basis of certain 

communicative and speech strategies. It seems that 

the strategy of speech communication is a 

phenomenon different from simple speech sequences 

aimed at achieving a certain communication goal. 

Speech actions, a sequence of speech acts, means the 

occurrence of a communicative event. Speech strategy 

is central to that realization. In the process of creating 

a speech, the speaker changes his speech depending 

on the reaction of the listener. It should be noted that 

the planning of the speech and its realization are 

carried out almost at the same time. A person does not 

always know in advance how his speech will be 

expressed, because one sentence or word requires 

saying another sentence or word. According to 

cognitivists, this process takes place under the control 

of the grammatical monitoring device. 

CONCLUSIONS 

Communicative strategy refers to the most common 

concept or set of concepts used to achieve the goal of 

communication. Communicative strategy is the main 

way to form speech actions in advance, organize them 

according to the purpose of communication, and 

manage the communication process. In a broad sense, 

communicative strategy is understood as the greatest 

task of speech, which is determined by the practical 

goals of the addressee. 

REFERENCES 

1. А.А. Аbduazizov – “Til nazariyasi”,  2010 

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Volume 02 Issue 11-2022 63 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Philological Sciences   
(ISSN – 2771-2273) 
VOLUME 02 ISSUE 11  Pages: 57-63 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR  (2022: 5. 445)  
OCLC – 1121105677    METADATA IF – 5.963 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

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