419-423 CERTAIN ISSUES REGARDING THE CAUSES 419 AMERICAN Journal of Public Diplomacy and International Studies www. grnjournal.us AMERICAN Journal of Public Diplomacy and International Studies Volume 01, Issue 09, 2023 ISSN (E): 2993-2157 CERTAIN ISSUES REGARDING THE CAUSES AND CONDITIONS OF CRIMES Axmedova Muqaddasxon Tursunovna Public safety University of the Republic of Uzbekistan Professor of the Department of Civil and Legal Sciences, Doctor of Legal Sciences axmedovamuqaddasxon81@gmail.com Abstract: the article talks about the causes and conditions of offenses and highlights the consequences of committing them by minors, women and other citizens. It was also emphasized that young people should spend their free time productively, and involve them in various activities aimed at increasing their legal awareness and culture. Key words: delinquency, crime, minors, women, rights and freedoms, alcoholism, drugs, legal awareness, legal culture, education. In recent years, in our country, there has been a special effort to strengthen the responsibility of the bodies and institutions responsible for the proper upbringing of minors, to prevent them from committing offenses and crimes, to strengthen the legal basis for protecting the rights and interests of minors, and to prevent the lack of control and offenses among minors. attention is paid. Determining the causes of crimes and the conditions that enable them, their elimination is one of the urgent problems facing law enforcement agencies and the general public. The rights and freedoms of people and citizens are violated as a result of violations and crimes in our society. Consequently, positive results have been achieved in some regions and regions as a result of the large-scale work being carried out in this regard in our republic. But it still requires us to fight against them regularly. In fact, when we study the causes of crimes, we are sure that in most cases they are young people, minors with a gap in their education, women who have faced economic difficulties, and in addition, children of families with high financial support. The President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Sh.M. Mirziyoev, gave instructions on the development of a "Road Map" containing special measures for the prevention of offenses and crimes in the regions, based on the specific characteristics of each region. Among these measures, we can see the following: Биринчидан, ҳуқуқбузарликлар профилактикаси самарадорлигини, шу including the introduction of specific evaluation criteria that take into account the dynamics of offenses, their repetition, social opinion, citizens' satisfaction with the results of preventive works, and the level of cooperation with the population; Secondly, to ensure that in the development and implementation of inter-departmental programs on the prevention of offenses, addressability, industry specialization, territorial and other specific features are taken into account; 420 AMERICAN Journal of Public Diplomacy and International Studies www. grnjournal.us Thirdly, to conduct comprehensive scientific and practical research on the problems of crime prevention, to introduce modern methods of preventive work; Fourthly, to develop a system of measures to provide legal, social, psychological, medical, pedagogical and other assistance to victims of crimes and persons with antisocial behavior, who are inclined to commit or have committed crimes; Fifth, improvement of the mechanisms of involvement of citizens and public organizations in crime prevention, including by encouraging them financially and otherwise. When it comes to the issue of preventing, fighting against, and identifying the causes of crimes and crimes, the development of the concepts of "Safe Zone" and "Safe City" put forward by our President is a clear proof of our opinion. From the essence of this concept, we can say one thing for sure that preserving peace and healthy environment not only in each region, but also in families should be the main task of each of us in our daily activities. From time immemorial, we all know that the family is a sacred place in our country, and the children growing up in it are the future of the society and the state. The Uzbek people have always distinguished themselves from other peoples by their goodness, goodness and human qualities. It is known from the sources that since long centuries, the total thinkers of mankind have been engaged in studying and eliminating the causes of violations in society. The jurists of Central Asia and ancient Greece tried to explain the social factors affecting the perpetrator of each crime. For example, Abu Nasr al-Farabi in his work "The City of Virtuous People" emphasized that a human child is not born a criminal, on the contrary, the motives leading to the violation of the rights arise in him as a result of negative vices in the society. According to the Greek philosopher Euclid: "A wise legislator will take the necessary measures to prevent crime rather than be forced to impose punishment for it."1 Article 3 of the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On Prevention of Crimes" states that "Crime is a culpable illegal act for which administrative or criminal liability is provided." Crime is not a person's way of thinking, but his actions and behavior. Such behavior is manifested in the form of illegal action or inaction. The socially dangerous intention of the offender is expressed only in his behavior. The German philosopher Hegel in his "Philosophy of Law" put forward the idea that people should answer for their actions, not for their beliefs and intentions2 2018 of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan. In order to ensure the implementation of the December 24 decision PQ-4075 "On additional measures to increase the effectiveness of public safety" and the "Roadmap" approved by this decision, a number of recommendations were developed. There are different theoretical perspectives in a number of literatures regarding the causes and conditions that lead to delinquency. Knowing the law of the interdependence of cause and effect, and the fact that it is inextricably linked with the circumstances, makes it possible to analyze the crime in depth from a scientific and theoretical point of view. Because it is natural for a certain condition to exist in the origin of the cause. Therefore, the cause and the condition cannot be considered separately from each other. The reason for the crime is a person's desire to satisfy his interests, dreams, feelings in an illegal way. The causes and conditions of the crime are the reality that causes negative situations and criminal consequences in the life of the state belonging to a certain socio-economic formation. 1 Criminology. Textbook. - T.: Academy, 2007 2 Гегел Г. Философия права –М 1990. 141, 144, 145, 192 421 AMERICAN Journal of Public Diplomacy and International Studies www. grnjournal.us The main conditions of violations in the current conditions of Uzbekistan are as follows: 1. Difficulties and conflicts in the transition to market relations 2. Inadequate legal consciousness of citizens, level of culture and lack of desire to consciously fulfill the framework of the law 3. Alcoholism and drug addiction are the factors that lead to the destruction of the genetic fund of the people. 4. Imperfect legislation. One of the important tasks of any legal system is to prevent actions that harm a person or society as a whole. 5. That the activity of law enforcement bodies is not effective enough3. There are two situations in which violations occur: 1. Pre-formed social mental states; 2. Circumstances affecting the occurrence of crime and causing criminal consequences and leading to an increase in crime rates4. It is well known to all of us that in the history of each state, based on the interests of society and society members, reforms were implemented in specific social, economic, political and cultural directions. Each of these reforms has its own goals and benefits. In any case, ensuring that all reforms reach their final goal requires relying on scientific and technical achievements. When analyzing the causes and conditions of rights related to economic reforms, we should take into account the following three situations: First, to analyze the causes of social conflicts; Secondly, to determine the quantity indicators of offenses and conditions causing criminogenic situations; Thirdly, taking into account the main characteristics of the subjects of crime. When studying the causes and conditions of juvenile delinquency, the factors that lead to delinquency can be conditionally divided into three groups, i.e. factors in the socio-economic sphere, moral-spiritual factors, factors in the organizational-management sphere. Agreeing with the opinion of Professor M. Rustambaev, we can divide the causes and conditions of juvenile delinquency into the following groups: • distribution of videos promoting popular culture; • propagation of all kinds of quarrels and fights in public places through the Internet; • material shortage; • breakdown of parents' marriage, invalidity of parents, separation of parents; • improper upbringing of children: neglect, rudeness, rudeness, discrimination, abuse and exploitation; • the child's opinion is not taken into account by the parents5. One of the main reasons for the commission of offenses by minors is the fact that there is a disregard for moral and legal values in their nature, and the strong desire to achieve the material resources necessary for entertainment. Today, it is appropriate to talk about some women who are committing various offenses and crimes without rationally using the freedom of women and the wide conditions created for them. Analysis 3 Saidov A., Tajikhonov U. Theory of State and Law: Two Volumes. Volume 2. Theory of law. - T.: Academy, 2001. - B. 301. 4 Criminology. Textbook. - T.: Academy, 2007. – Б.78. 5 D.J. Suyunova, M.A. Usmonova "Territory method of prevention of crimes committed by minors" / Educational methodological manual, T: 2019 B-17 422 AMERICAN Journal of Public Diplomacy and International Studies www. grnjournal.us of current socio-economic processes shows that the main reasons for women's crime are related to: 1. Their active participation in social production; 2. Weakening of social control at various levels of society; 3. Disturbances and contradictions between people in society are cases of mutual hostility; 4. The increase of alcoholism, drug addiction, prostitution, theft and robbery, which are contrary to the way of life of the society. The increased participation of women in the division of labor leads them to become the main breadwinners of the family, therefore, sometimes women engaged in commercial work provide financial support for the family even if they have husbands. As President Sh.M. Mirziyoev noted, "Attention to women and girls should always be at the center of all our efforts, it should become the duty of all of us. Focusing on the family is actually focusing on ourselves."6 In addition, the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Sh.M. Mirziyoev, in his speech entitled "Constitution and the rule of law are the most important criteria of a legal democratic state and civil society", delivered on the occasion of the 27th anniversary of the adoption of the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan: "The Committee of Women and Girls and its regional departments are completely It was a new step in this way that it was newly established, they were given additional powers and opportunities, and the necessary conditions were created for their full activity. In 2019, based on Article 46 of our Constitution, the laws "On guarantees of equal rights and opportunities for women and men" and "On protection of women from oppression and violence" were adopted. I think that Parliament and public control are necessary for the consistent implementation of these laws. In the future, protection of motherhood and childhood, solving social problems of women became the focus of attention of our state. Later, many of our women are promoted to responsible leadership positions in state and community management, economy, finance-banking, education, tax compliance, culture and other fields. 7 Offenses committed in domestic life are characterized by their own reasons and conditions. It can be seen that such crimes are mainly caused by people addicted to alcohol and drugs. It is known that a person's propensity to alcoholism causes vices such as lack of civilization, limitation of spiritual qualities, and extremely shallow needs. Relatedly, some individuals' lack of material drives them to find alcohol and drink with a group of individuals, naturally, many of these situations eventually lead to fights and crime. Ensuring the stability of the population, activating the involvement of women and young people in socially useful activities, meaningfully organizing the free time of minors, increasing the income of families, and establishing honest and comfortable living conditions serve as a factor in preventing crimes. At this point, the military personnel of the National Guard of the Republic of Uzbekistan are also conducting a number of practical activities in order to prevent, fight against, and identify the causes of violations and crimes against public order in our country. In particular, it should be noted that 6 Commentary on the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On measures to fundamentally improve activities in the field of supporting women and strengthening the family institution". People's word 2018. February 3. 7 Ўзбекистон Республикаси Президенти Ш.М.Мирзиёев Ўзбекистон Республикаси Конституцияси қабул қилинганининг 27 йиллиги муносабати билан сўзлаган “Конституция ва қонун устуворлиги – ҳуқуқий демократик давлат ва фуқаролик жамиятининг энг муҳим мезонидир” номли маърузаси. Халқ сўзи, 9 декабрь. 423 AMERICAN Journal of Public Diplomacy and International Studies www. grnjournal.us professors and cadets working at the University of Public Safety were specially involved in this task. As future military personnel, our main task is to carry out work aimed at early prevention of violations and crimes, to explain to the population the supremacy of the law and to live by the law, to treat it with respect, by explaining that it is the duty of every person, thereby increasing the legal consciousness of the population and It consists of doing things like serving the culture. Conclusion In conclusion, it should be said that we should make our contribution to the public explanation of the causes and consequences of crimes and the continuous promotion of the activities within the framework of the family-neighborhood-school concept. For this, firstly, we should actively participate in the activities of attracting the unemployed part of the population to work; Secondly, to express our attitude to the conditions created for the youth of our republic to acquire a profession and to support their active position; Thirdly, it is appropriate to prepare a series of programs and broadcasts about talented young people and exemplary families who have achieved success and are contributing to the development of our country through the mass media and present them to our people. References 1. The President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh.M. Mirziyoev's speech on the occasion of the 27th anniversary of the adoption of the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan entitled "Constitution and the rule of law are the most important criteria of a legal democratic state and civil society". People's word, December 9. 2. Axmedova, M. (2023). О ‘ZBEKISTONDA NODAVLAT NOTIJORAT TASHKILOTLARI VA KASABA UYUSHMALARI FAOLIYATINING О ‘ZIGA XOS JIHATLARI. Development of pedagogical technologies in modern sciences, 2(3), 113-116. 3. Ахмедова, М. (2023). Особенности деятельности негосударственных некоммерческих организаций и профсоюзов в Узбекистане. Реформы в сфере подготовки юридических кадров в Узбекистане: анализ результатов и перспективные задачи, 1(1), 101-106. 4. D.J. Suyunova, M.A. Usmonova "Territory method of prevention of crimes committed by minors" / Educational methodological manual, T: 2019 B-17 5. Eshmuhammad Kadirov "Issues of youth crime prevention" Nishon Noshir. T:2017 B-26 6. Commentary on the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On measures to fundamentally improve activities in the field of supporting women and strengthening the family institution". People's word 2018. February 3