457 AMERICAN Journal of Public Diplomacy and International Studies www. grnjournal.us AMERICAN Journal of Public Diplomacy and International Studies Volume 01, Issue 09, 2023 ISSN (E): 2993-2157 HUMAN RIGHTS ARE THE MAIN FACTOR Axmedova Muqaddasxon Tursunovna Public safety University of the Republic of Uzbekistan Professor of the Department of Civil and Legal Sciences, Doctor of Legal Sciences axmedovamuqaddasxon81@gmail.com Abstract: the article highlights the fact that human rights are the highest value, the fundamental rights and freedoms of a person must be protected and guaranteed by the state, and Uzbekistan's commitment to international obligations in the field of human rights is emphasized. Keywords: man, human rights, Constitution, rule of law, supreme value, UN, human rights and freedoms, international documents. In 2023, the international community will celebrate the 75th anniversary of the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which strengthened the basic democratic principles and requirements in the field of human rights and freedoms, and served as a political and legal basis for the formation of the entire system of international law in this field. According to the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan, a person, his life, honor, dignity, rights and freedoms are the highest value. Recognition and protection of human rights and freedoms is the main obligation of the state. This principle occupies a central place in the system of constitutional building foundations. Its main feature is that human rights and freedoms are the supreme value of the formation of all other social relations, including state building. The priority of human rights as a principle of democratic statehood is included in the foundations of the constitutional system of the Republic of Uzbekistan and is integrated with other principles that arise as a result of it, namely separation of powers, ideological and political prejudice, multi- partyism, social justice, self-government of citizens. It is not for nothing that this year was declared by the President as "the year of attention to people and quality education" and important and reasonable proposals were put forward. In recent years, at the initiative of our President, along with many subjects, the "Human Rights" training course has been taught in all educational institutions, which helps young people acquire sufficient knowledge and skills about their rights and obligations. After all, only if the population is sufficiently legally literate and legally cultured, human rights can be prevented from being violated and violated by others. mailto:axmedovamuqaddasxon81@gmail.com 458 AMERICAN Journal of Public Diplomacy and International Studies www. grnjournal.us In fact, the head of state has a great contribution in the reforms carried out in the field of human rights and freedoms in our country. Presidential Decree No. PQ-46 "On Approval of the National Education Program in the Field of Human Rights in the Republic of Uzbekistan" adopted on February 7, 2023 was an important step towards the implementation of the tasks undertaken by our country in this regard. This shows that the strong position of the head of our country, that "Uzbekistan remains firmly committed to its international obligations in the field of human rights", is in practice. 2021 President Shavkat Mirziyoyev, in his speech on behalf of Uzbekistan, which participated as a member of the UN Human Rights Council, said that "Ensuring basic human rights and freedoms is the most important part of the reforms in Uzbekistan, the goals of sustainable development are to ensure the rights and legitimate interests of every person in our country, and It is carried out on the basis of the principle of "not neglecting", who stated the important goals. The President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Sh. Mirziyoev, in his speeches and writings, has been constantly noting that providing and protecting human rights and freedoms is the highest duty of the state. He calls on the activities of all authorities to ensure human rights in the first place. Glorifying and honoring a person, ensuring his rights and freedoms in practice is the most important and urgent issue. Therefore, great work is being done in the field of human rights protection in our country. Because at the core of the reforms in Uzbekistan is the vital idea that "Human interests are above all else", the fact that Uzbekistan is cooperating with many countries of the world and major international organizations in various fields in this regard is a clear proof of our opinion. In particular, the cooperation relations of our country with the UN are becoming stronger and more active day by day. We all witnessed that President Shavkat Mirziyoyev, in his speech at the 46th session of the UN Human Rights Council held in Geneva, put forward sharp and urgent initiatives aimed at ensuring human interests. It is no exaggeration to say that this historic speech was welcomed by the general public and international experts. In his speech, the head of state said that the provision of basic human rights and freedoms is the most important thing in the ongoing reforms in Uzbekistan, and stated that the sustainable development goals until 2030 will be implemented on the basis of the principle of "leaving no one behind", which provides for ensuring the rights and legitimate interests of every person in our country. . These are not simple and lofty words, in fact, we all know that glorification of man, expression of his rights and interests, and all-round development have been made into the main idea of our Constitution. The reason is that all countries that respect human rights and dignity are moving towards development today. In this speech of the President, the deepening of democratic changes in Uzbekistan and the priorities of the Council's activities were highlighted through the following seven issues: firstly, that the provision of basic human rights and freedoms is the most important in the reforms in Uzbekistan; secondly, to strictly continue work aimed at radically increasing the role of women in the socio- political life of the country and in the field of business in terms of gender policy issues; thirdly, it is important to pay attention to ensuring the rights of people with special needs. 459 AMERICAN Journal of Public Diplomacy and International Studies www. grnjournal.us Touching on all the above issues, the President emphasized that human rights and legal interests are guaranteed at the core of all our reforms, which is one of our main achievements. Also, the adoption of the Children's Ombudsman Law in 2021, i.e. the International Year for the Elimination of Child Labor, is a clear proof of our opinion that it is a truly historic event. We all know that in 2020 alone, nearly 50,000 of our compatriots were accepted as citizens of the Republic of Uzbekistan, and this year, the tasks in this direction will continue, more than 20,000 people will be granted citizenship, and by reducing the number of stateless persons in our country, their rights and legal is to ensure that their interests are fully protected. The Human Rights Council was invited to consider the issue of developing universal principles of the activities of the Judicial Councils, the main purpose of which is to completely prevent any form of inhumane torture, which undermines the dignity of a person, within the framework of the introduction of a national preventive mechanism for the prevention of torture. It should be noted that regardless of who commits this type of crime, punishment is inevitable for them. The problem of combating torture will never lose its relevance throughout the world. The Convention against Degrading Treatment, Torture, Cruel Punishment was adopted in the last century in 1984 and has been implemented since 1989. The Declaration on the Protection of All Persons from Torture and Other Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, adopted on December 9, 1975, is the basis of this Convention. Also, based on the fact that torture of imprisoned people is a phenomenon contrary to the provision of human rights, the UN has adopted special agreements of global significance. The International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, adopted on December 21, 1965, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, adopted on December 19, 1966, the Convention on Torture and Cruel Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, adopted on December 10, 1984. it is appropriate to emphasize the introduction of conventions against types that degrade the value and dignity. Indeed, in the 21st century, mankind has made great progress in ensuring human rights and freedoms. This can be observed in the fact that the UN has become a prestigious international organization, the importance, position and priority of the legal documents adopted by it in the formation of national legal systems are increasing. It is not wrong to say that these international legal documents, conventions and agreements are the main obstacle and protection for inhumane, undemocratic events becoming a global reality. In his speech, the head of state announced the ratification of the Optional Protocol of the Convention against Torture, and also pointed out that preparations are being made to invite a special rapporteur on torture to Uzbekistan in order to cooperate on these issues. Uzbekistan remains firmly committed to its international obligations in the field of human rights. The supremacy of universally recognized rules of international law is implicitly recognized. Where a person is valued, respected and has freedom, then and there there will be a mood of creativity, research, work on oneself and satisfaction with life. After all, the fact that the proposed ideas are aimed at solving the urgent and acute problems that are being thought about by mankind today shows how important the President's speech is. A person who considers himself a human being, who has a little love for his country and people in his heart, does not harm the honor, dignity and reputation of other people, regardless of who 460 AMERICAN Journal of Public Diplomacy and International Studies www. grnjournal.us they are. Hurting someone's tongue, unjustly accusing, insulting, oppressing, oppressing and endangering someone, causing cold relations between two people, avoiding help and support in difficult situations, refusing and cheating, fraud and stealing, in a word in other words, oppressing people, regardless of their nationality and religion, is characteristic of people who do not have the virtue of humanity. After all, such vices are strongly condemned in the "Holy Qur'an" and in verse 135 of the "An'om" chapter: "Undoubtedly, the oppressors will not be saved", which indicates that man is the greatest and dearest creature. Conclusion In conclusion, it can be said that the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan needs to improve the activities of law enforcement agencies in order to prevent situations that demean the honor and dignity of people and citizens, to adapt the national legislation to the international standards that Uzbekistan has joined in the field of human rights, to conduct regular monitoring in the field of human rights, to cooperate with international organizations, thoughts on strengthening are important. After all, increasing the legal culture of the population through measures aimed at strictly observing and respecting the protection of human rights is always in our focus. References 1. Presidential Decree No. PQ-46 of February 7, 2023 on “Approving the National Education Program in the Field of Human Rights in the Republic of Uzbekistan”. 2. Axmedova, M. (2023). О ‘ZBEKISTONDA NODAVLAT NOTIJORAT TASHKILOTLARI VA KASABA UYUSHMALARI FAOLIYATINING О ‘ZIGA XOS JIHATLARI. Development of pedagogical technologies in modern sciences, 2(3), 113-116. 3. Ахмедова, М. (2023). Особенности деятельности негосударственных некоммерческих организаций и профсоюзов в Узбекистане. Реформы в сфере подготовки юридических кадров в Узбекистане: анализ результатов и перспективные задачи, 1(1), 101-106.