174 Journal of Public Diplomacy and International Studies www. grnjournal.us AMERICAN Journal of Public Diplomacy and International Studies Volume 02, Issue 01, 2024 ISSN (E):2993-2157 Innovative Approaches to the Improvement of Modern Education Jurayev Alisher Tulkinboyevich Researcher of Namangan State University Abstract: This article talks about the concept of innovation and innovative approaches to improving the field of modern education. Opinions of foreign scientists on the development of the field of innovative education are presented. Keywords: Innovation, innovative mechanisms, "Innovative activity", fundamental research, scientific and technical development. Attracting innovations to various fields is one of the important factors of development in any country that is on the path of modern development. Because innovation means the future. If we start building a great future today, it should be started on the basis of innovative ideas and an innovative approach [1]. When we talk about innovative mechanisms, it is necessary to emphasize that it appeared mainly in the production market sphere and gradually penetrated into other spheres, including social spheres. The faster the development of innovation, the more the activities of the social sphere begin to develop on the basis of market laws. For the education sector, this means that it will become a market service sector. In order to understand these processes, we will focus more on the parts of innovation mechanisms relevant to the field of education. First of all, let's study the concept of innovation and the history of its entry into education. Initially, the term "innovation" (originating from the Latin word) was proposed by I. Schumpeter in 1912 in the work "Theory of Economic Development". By innovation, he understood the innovation used in the field of production. According to Schumpeter, innovation is one of the most important drivers and generators of profit [2]. A little later, Y. Schumpeter explained N. D. Kondratev's wave concept that develops the economy by connecting it with his innovative theory. As a result, he formulated the theory of cyclical development. The main internal (endogenous) mechanism of cyclical development, he considered the introduction of innovations, that is, the innovative process. It should be noted that various interpretations of this approach to the understanding of socio-economic dynamics are becoming relevant in science. As noted, the translation of the concept of "innovation" from the Latin language means "renewal", "newness" or "change". Theoretical-methodological research on this concept requires the study of the introduced innovation, i.e., innovation as a systematic and active approach that not only initiates a separate stage of development, but also provides an opportunity to comprehensively study the innovation. It is in this respect that innovation as a fundamental problem was identified by M.M. Potashnik, A.V. Khutorsky, N.B. Pugachyov, V.S. Lazarev, V.I. The Zagvyazinskys studied extensively. Innovation or innovation is inherent in all professional activities of a person and therefore considered a subject of study, analysis and assimilation. Innovations do not arise by themselves, 175 Journal of Public Diplomacy and International Studies www. grnjournal.us they are the result of advanced experience and scientific research of those working in education. This process cannot happen on its own, it needs management. Thus, the innovative process consists in the formation and development of new organization and content. In general, innovative processes mean complex activities on the creation, development, use and distribution of innovations. Innovation is a tool (new method, method, technology, program, etc.), and innovation is the process of mastering this tool. Innovation is a purposeful new sustainable element in living conditions that encourages and transforms a system from one state to another. Innovation is understood as the result of innovation, and the innovation process is considered as the development of three main stages: coordination of ideas (in this case - scientific discovery), practical development of ideas and implementation of innovation in experience. Therefore, the innovative process is considered as the process of bringing the scientific idea to the stage of practical application and implementation in the social environment associated with these changes. The activity that ensures the transformation of ideas into innovation and the formation of the management of these processes is an innovative activity. There are descriptions of other development stages of the innovation process. The following actions can be defined in it:  determination of requirements for changes;  data collection and case analysis;  initial selection or independent development of news;  long-term use or institutionalization of innovation in processes that become an element of everyday experience. The sum of these stages constitutes a single innovation cycle. At this point, it should be noted that different interpretations of categories such as "new creation", "innovation" and "innovation" are found in the economic and social literature. In some cases, these concepts are used as synonyms for each other. There are differences between them, and these concepts should be distinguished from each other. Each of them represents a separate element of innovation. The formation of innovation theory was also studied in the works of V. Zambart, V. Mitcherlich and Y. Schumpeter. At that time, the concept of innovation was put forward as "implementer of technical progress". Later, research on the trends and laws of innovative activity, the introduction of innovations in the 1970s-1980s by Western economists G. Mensh, D. Mansfield, S. Kuznal, H. Freeman, Ya. Vadeim, A. Klyinksext, E. Moywart and others. Russian researchers also made an important contribution to the development of innovative theory. In 1970-1980, as a result of fundamental changes in science, L.M. Gatovsky, Yu.V. Yakovuts, L.S. Baryutin, L.S. Blyakhman, B.Z. Milser, A.M. Prigozhin, N.I. Lapin and others researched the problems of innovative development and put forward their ideas about the development of science. Since fundamental scientific research forms the basis of innovative activity, conditions are created for the realization of innovative development goals in each field [3]. Even if the field of activity of fundamental science is wider than measures of innovative processes at any level, its subjects have a more difficult time compared to subjects acting at the next stages. 176 Journal of Public Diplomacy and International Studies www. grnjournal.us Thus, when innovation is considered as a result of innovative activity, it has the following important features:  scientific and practical innovation that manifests as a new progressive result, this result has not been previously established by the system using it;  the ability to obtain and measure the economic, social, ecological, scientific-technical or other effects of the innovation, the final result of the innovation;  it should be noted that innovation is closely connected with scientific and technical development, it is its result. Scientific and technical development is an important factor of product production, it ensures the increase of labor productivity due to the improvement of production tools and technologies based on the discovery of new laws of phenomena and characteristics of the environment by science. Many classifications of innovations have been proposed by different authors. Among them are famous specialists in the field of economics and management, such as Y. Schumpeter, I. Ansoff, A. Kleinknecht, P. Drucker. In Russian publications, it is possible to highlight the classifications proposed by A.N. Svetkov, P.N. Zavshin, A.V. Vasilev, A.I. Prigozhin, V.V. Gorshkov and Ye.A. Krekova, E.A. Utkin, G.I. Morozova and others. The categorization of innovations in the scientific works of Uzbek scientists was studied in the works of M.A. Mahkamova, I.S. Tokhliyev, B.B. Abdullayev, T. Khasanova. Classification of innovations according to series signs is accepted. According to the level of radicality, the importance of economic development, innovations can be divided into the following:  basic innovations;  improving innovations;  superficial innovations (in the form of rationalization). There are two innovation processes behind this: pioneer and catch-up innovation processes. Pioneering innovation represents world leadership (for example, USA) while chasing innovation is cheaper and faster (for example, Japan). In this way, so-called incremental innovations are created, which are related to the improvement of properties in existing production processes and products. According to the direction of their results, innovations are divided into innovations as scientific instruments, innovation - processes, and innovation - products. According to the role of innovations in the development of the economic system, there are other classifications of innovations. Classification of innovations according to the level of novelty is the distribution of the level of novelty into the same groups in order to assess the level of importance of a set of innovations. The concept of novelty of an innovation may refer to the fact that it is completely new and refers to the product or the entire technological process, or it may refer only to some of its elements that change the characteristics of the tasks of the existing product or process. From this point of view, they distinguish basic innovations that provide completely new products, improving innovations related to the improvement of existing products, as well as innovations related to the introduction of new production methods or improvement of existing ones. The main factors of innovation are:  material and technical level of production base development; the profile (direction) of the organization and the goals and tasks of the released product, the typical and organizational structure of management;  management style and methods, innovation level of production; 177 Journal of Public Diplomacy and International Studies www. grnjournal.us  required and actual skill level of different categories of employees, employee incentive system, innovative activity of employees, organizational culture, etc.;  external factors arising under the influence of market structures, tax system, legislative legal system, financial credit system: macroeconomic, social and foreign political factors, historical, scientific factors, etc. The formation and implementation of innovative activity has been studied in many scientific works. It is based on the idea that all factors affecting innovative activity are complex and mutually require each other in real life. The concept of "innovative activity" is defined as the process of turning scientific knowledge into innovation, that is, innovation is defined as an orderly sequence of events that ripens from an idea to a specific product, technology or service and is implemented in practical research. This process does not stop even after the introduction of the innovation, because during its spread (diffusion), the innovation improves, becomes more effective, and acquires new consumer characteristics. This opens up new areas of application, new markets, and therefore consumers who perceive the product, technology or service as new. Innovation is characterized by similar terms such as innovative activity, innovative process, innovative potential, innovative development, innovative activity. They are characterized by certain interactions and interdependencies. According to Uzbek scientists G. Hasanova, I.S. Tokhliyev, the enterprise uses its innovative potential by carrying out innovative activities. It is known that the concept of "authority" includes resources that can be used by individuals and legal entities, including enterprises, organizations, administrative-legal associations, and the state, to solve tasks in a specific field and achieve goals. , takes opportunities, tools, reserves. Innovative activities are different types of work on the creation of innovations, which include research-practical research, project-design and technological developments, experience- experimental and production-exploitation work. Any innovative development is not only the main innovative process, but also the development of the system of necessary factors and conditions for its implementation, i.e. the development of innovative potential. This testifies to the existence of close relations and connections between these concepts. Innovative development is more successful when it covers not a narrow field (for example, production of details), but also areas that affect the overall results (management, marketing, personnel management, finance, sales, etc.). Therefore, innovative development should be complex in nature. The creation of innovations as a result of innovative activity implies their promotion in the market, profit from their sale. A part of the profit can be directed to increase the resources of the enterprises carrying out this activity. At the same time, the use of the innovation itself (new product, technology, etc.) by the enterprise increases the level of its innovative potential, innovative activity. Thus, the implementation of innovative activities, when the innovative potential of the enterprise is effectively used, determines the level of its innovative development, the increase in the competitiveness of the products (works, services) produced by it and, as a result, the economic growth of the enterprise. The transition to a new stage of scientific and technical development required the strengthening of innovative activity, a new approach to innovations that combine knowledge and technology with the market. The 21st century brings new trends to the joint movement of innovative activities of economic entities competing with the economic environment. Business entities are forced to change the stereotypes of their efforts in this area. It is the innovations that are becoming the main "hero" in the theoretical scenarios and practical implementation of the modern scientific and technical revolution, in this respect they are 178 Journal of Public Diplomacy and International Studies www. grnjournal.us specifically pushing aside the investments that have dominated as the main factor of economic growth for many years. Fundamental studies are divided into theoretical and research studies. The results of theoretical research are manifested in scientific discoveries, in the foundation of new concepts and ideas, in the creation of new theories. The task of research research includes the publication of new principles of creation of products and technologies, the discovery of methods of analysis and synthesis of previously unknown properties of materials and their combinations. In exploratory studies, the purpose of the intended work is usually known, the theoretical foundations are more or less clear, but the exact directions are not known. Theoretical assumptions and ideas are confirmed during such research. The primary importance of fundamental science in the effective application of innovative technologies is determined by the fact that it generates ideas and opens the way to new fields, but the positive result of fundamental research in world science is achieved only in 5 percent of cases. In the conditions of the market economy, industry science or factory-factory science cannot be formed by such research. Fundamental research is, as a rule, financed by the state budget, and partly extra-budgetary funds can be attracted. The above-mentioned concepts allow us to reveal and give them specific interactions, to fully clarify the nature of innovative development, to determine the features of the innovative activity of the enterprise, as well as the features of its development and management. Based on the opinions of scientists above, it can be said that innovations in social development perform the following functions: firstly, it implements human intelligence, science and technology results in life through innovation. This helps intellectualization of labor activity, increase of its scientific capacity (increasing intellectualization law of the society during step-by-step movement); secondly, with the help of innovations, the range of goods and services produced will expand, and their quality will improve. It contributes to the growth of the needs of each individual and society and the satisfaction of these needs (the law of growth and differentiation of needs); thirdly, innovations in the field of production to attract new productive forces to production, to create goods and services with less expenditure of labor, materials and energy, and in the field of social and education, which we are studying, to more knowledge quickly, easily and in a short time, makes it possible to acquire new information (the law of saving labor); fourthly, the accumulation of innovations in one or another field helps to harmonize the structural structure of reproduction with the changed structural structure of needs and the structural structure of the external environment (the law of proportional development); fifth, innovation serves as an incentive for entrepreneurial activity, especially in the field of small business, it encourages the search and adoption of new goods and technologies in order to win the competition, occupy new places in the market. In conclusion, we can say that when considering innovation as a result of innovative activity, whether it is in the social or economic sphere, we can say that it has the following important features:  bring scientific and practical innovation to any field and contribute to its development;  the innovation should meet the requirements of the time and be accepted by the population without hesitation;  the ability to obtain and measure the economic, social, ecological, scientific, technical or other effects of the innovation, the final result of the innovation;  that innovations are closely connected with scientific and technical development and are its result; 179 Journal of Public Diplomacy and International Studies www. grnjournal.us  ensures the increase of labor productivity due to the improvement of technologies as a result of scientific and technical progress, the discovery of new laws. References 1. Address of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan to the Oliy Majlis, T. December 22, 2017. 2. Schumpeter Y. A. Theory of economic development. M.: Progress, 1982. p. 152. 3. Heilbroner R. L. Philosopher! horse mira sego / per. I. Faibisovicha. M., 2008. 4. Ta’limga oid davlat siyosatini amalga oshirishda zamonaviy yondashuvlarning ijtimoiy ahamiyati. А Жураев - Ижтимоий-гуманитар фанларнинг долзарб муаммолари / Актуальные проблемы социально-гуманитарных наук / Actual Problems of Humanities and Social Sciences. ISSN 2181-1342, 9/S(3) 2023.