379   Journal of Public Diplomacy and International Studies                              www. grnjournal.us  

 
 

AMERICAN Journal of Public Diplomacy and  
International Studies 

Volume 02, Issue 02, 2024    ISSN (E):2993-2157 

 

 

The Role and Importance of Environmental Control in The Use and 

Protection of Agricultural Land 

 
 

Kenjaev Rustam Xaydarovich 

 

Acting Professor of the Department of Environmental Law 

Tashkent State University of Law 
 

 

Abstract 

 

 This article describes the role of environmental control and its importance in the use and 

protection of agricultural land. Based on scientific and legal controversy, the role of 

environmental control and its significance is substantiated. The legislation of national and foreign 

countries related to environmental control in the use and protection of agricultural land has been 

scientifically and theoretically analyzed. The system of environmental control in the field of 

rational use of agricultural land and their protection is explained. Currently, the activities carried 

out in the field of organization and protection of agricultural land use were analyzed. 

Keywords: land, rational use of land, agricultural land, use of agricultural land, protection of 

agricultural land, environmental control. 

 

INTRODUCTION 

The use and protection of agricultural land constitutes one of the main areas of state environmental 

policy. As a component of the ecological system, land resources are important in ensuring the 

stability of the environmental natural environment, strengthening the material basis of the state 

sovereignty and economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan. In the organizational and legal 

mechanism of land protection for agriculture, the role of such an institution of Environmental 

Control as public administration is incomparable. Of course, before thinking about environmental 

control in this area, it is necessary to clarify the goals and objectives of Environmental Control in 

general. 

This article includes the analysis of legislation and scientific and theoretical sources as a doctrinal 

study. The article examines the role and importance of Environmental Control in the use and 

protection of agricultural land and issues related to its legal nature and their development on the 

basis of the experience of national and foreign countries. The study used dialectical methods of 

scientific-theoretical analysis, structural-logical, comparative-legal, statistical, descriptive, 

systematic and scientific knowledge. 

Environmental Control is an important legal measure for the rational use of nature and ensuring 

its protection, the function of public administration, being one of the most important institutions 



 

380   Journal of Public Diplomacy and International Studies                              www. grnjournal.us  

 
 

of Environmental Law. Based on the place occupied by environmental control in the mechanism 

of environmental protection, it can be assessed as an important legal measure. Already, it is 

through environmental control that the application of state coercion in relation to the subjects of 

relevant law is ensured. Cases of application of legal liability for environmental offenses based on 

environmental control as well as its results are also found in many cases in practice. 

Environmental control as a legal measure performs a number of functions, such as warning, 

information and punishment. The importance of the warning function of environmental control 

lies in the fact that the subjects of Environmental Control, realizing that they are controlled by the 

fulfillment of environmental legal requirements, take an independent initiative in fulfilling 

legislative requirements and in the Prevention of offenses. The information function, on the other 

hand, is explained by the fact that in the process of control, the relevant body or persons collect 

various data on the activities of those under their control in the field of conservation. The punitive 

function, on the other hand, is expressed in the application of sanctions provided for by law to the 

offender [1]. 

The tasks of Environmental Control in the process of protection of agricultural lands are seen in: 

monitoring the state of the natural environment of the environment and the changes that occur in 

it under the influence of economic management and other activities; checking the implementation 

of programs and certain activities related to the protection of the natural environment, rational use 

of Natural Resources. 

MATERIALS AND METHODS 

In his research work in this area, B.H. Kalonov argues that the concept of state environmental 

control can be revealed by interpreting its specific features. That is, the most basic feature of State 

Environmental Control is that it is carried out on behalf of the state, by state authorities and 

governing bodies. The second feature of the state environmental control is that it turns out to be 

the main state-legal and organizational tool in the implementation of the goals and objectives of 

the state environmental policy and in ensuring the creation, execution and implementation of 

environmental legislation. Thirdly, the inevitability of state environmental control means that a 

state-legal guarantee system has been created for the fulfillment of environmental requirements. 

Fourthly, state environmental control attracts only state bodies, legal entities and citizens who do 

not fulfill or do not fulfill such requirements at the appropriate level to the processes of legal 

coercion and legal liability on behalf of the state, and also applies measures of their influence, 

without ensuring the fulfillment of environmental and legal requirements. The fifth feature of State 

Environmental Control is that it is an integral part of the competence of these bodies, since in most 

cases it is carried out by state authorities and governing bodies. State environmental control is 

unthinkable outside this system. The powers of state authorities and governing bodies to carry out 

environmental control may not be specifically specified in the legislation that determined their 

activities. Another feature of environmental control – it means that it is implemented as a 

manifestation of the state environmental function. Based on the features of Environmental Control, 

B.H.Kalonov described the concept of state environmental control as follows: "it is understood as 

state environmental control to ensure the execution of legislation aimed at the effective use of 

Natural Resources and Environmental Protection, carried out by the legislative, executive bodies 

of the state, as well as special bodies that are part of their system [2]. 

Sh. X. Fayziev believes that environmental control includes the totality of political-legal, socio-

economic and spiritual-educational measures related to the implementation by all ministries, state 

committees and agencies, enterprises, organizations, institutions, officials and individuals of the 



 

381   Journal of Public Diplomacy and International Studies                              www. grnjournal.us  

 
 

rules for protecting the natural environment, rational use of Natural Resources and ensuring 

environmental safety [3]. 

M.M. Brinchuk, on the other hand, describes environmental control as understood by the activities 

of authorized entities to verify compliance and compliance with the requirements of environmental 

legislation [4]. 

V.V. Petrov describes environmental control as a component of the environmental function of the 

modern state, the mechanism for the implementation of environmental and legal norms, and 

describes it as checking compliance by enterprises, institutions, organizations, that is, all economic 

entities and citizens with environmental requirements for the protection of the natural environment 

and ensuring the environmental safety of society [5]. 

V.D. Ermakov, A.Y. According to Sukharev, Environmental Control is to check the compliance 

of enterprises, institutions, organizations, that is, all economic entities with environmental 

requirements in order to ensure the environmental safety of society as a whole and protect the 

environmental natural environment[6] . 

B.H. Kalonov, on the other hand, state environmental control is divided into three types from the 

point of view of the subjects carrying out it: 1) state environmental control bodies with a universal 

State; 2) state special environmental control bodies; 3) local state environmental control bodies[7] 

. 

The level of Environmental Control, on the other hand, is of two types: firstly, the environment as 

a function of Public Administration regarding natural environmental protection as well as the use 

of nature; and secondly, guarantees for the performance of conservation activities, considers these 

activities as the implementation of regulatory legal norms, methods for ensuring the legality of 

Public Administration.  

Chapter VII of the law of the Republic of Uzbekistan "on the protection of Nature"is devoted to 

the legal regulation of relations on Environmental Control, which is carried out in the following 

system in the process of land protection. In order to monitor the state of the lands in our republic, 

to ensure its accounting, assessment and determination of the prospects for it, a system of state 

monitoring of the environmental natural environment was established. State monitoring of the 

environment the environment due to the influence of other anthropogenic activities and the use of 

Natural Resources in order to determine the degree of pollution of the environment, assess its 

condition, predict negative processes and eliminate their consequences, is a system in which 

environmental pollution and other harmful effects (processes) are regularly observed and 

performed according to a proven Earth monitoring is carried out in our Republic according to the 

Regulation approved by the resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers No. 496 of December 23, 2000. 

In accordance with it, Earth monitoring consists of a system for monitoring the state of the earth 

in order to timely identify changes in the Earth's fund, assess the land, prevent negative processes 

and end the consequences. 

The Environmental Control System in the field of Rational Use and protection of agricultural land 

consists of the state environmental state monitoring service, state, departmental, production and 

public control in the field of conservation. In accordance with Article 31 of the law"on the 

protection of nature", state control in the field of nature protection is carried out by state authorities 

and management agencies, specially authorized state nature protection agencies. The state 

committee for Ecology and Environmental Protection of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the Ministry 

of Agriculture of the Republic of Uzbekistan are specially authorized state bodies that carry out 

state control in the field of agricultural land protection. 



 

382   Journal of Public Diplomacy and International Studies                              www. grnjournal.us  

 
 

In addition to state control in the field of land protection for agriculture, there is departmental, 

production and public control. The Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Uzbekistan carries 

out departmental control over the activities of enterprises and organizations under its jurisdiction 

in the field of land protection intended for agriculture. 

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 

The next type of Environmental Control in the field of land protection for agriculture is production 

control, which is carried out by the environmental service of enterprises, associations and 

organizations, and pursues the purpose of checking the implementation of programs and certain 

activities on the protection of lands intended for agriculture, the rational use and restoration of 

lands intended for agriculture, the 

Public control in the field of land protection for agriculture is carried out by public associations, 

labor unions and citizens. At the same time, it should be noted that in our Republic, which is 

moving along the path of building a democratic-legal state, a free civil society, it is necessary to 

strengthen public control over land protection and develop legal foundations for improving their 

activities. 

The implementation of Environmental Control is a component of the state function in the field of 

legal protection of lands. This function of the ecological-legal mechanism arose as a necessary 

element for the implementation of Public Administration in relation to the rational use and 

protection of land resources. The conditions for conducting environmental control, its organization 

and theoretical issues of the concept are covered in the legal literature in terms of managing nature 

as a whole and its individual resources [9]. 

In the process of protecting agricultural land, environmental control is manifested through the 

implementation of a system of various measures. Firstly, to observe changes in the resources of 

the earth, to form an information aggregate; secondly, to study anthropogenic factors that have a 

negative impact on the Earth; thirdly, to check compliance with the rules and requirements of 

Ecology and land legislation in all aspects of the production and economic process; fourth, to 

identify, warn and take measures of legal effect on legal entities and individuals that violate the 

rules established by land legislation; fifth, to explain and promote the provisions and requirements 

of land law among the population. 

A.N. Nigmatov touched upon the concept of land control and described it as "land control is the 

examination of the requirements in the norms of land legislation aimed at the protection and 

rational use of land resources by state bodies, Public Associations, as well as authorized state 

bodies and persons subject to land relations" [9]. 

G.A. Larionov, on the other hand, indicates three types of legal forms of land control. These are: 

1) information provision of Control; 2) decision-making on the result of Control; 3) execution of 

the decision of the supervisory authorities. To make a final decision on land control, any body 

must have clear and objective information about the violation of land legislation, who is to blame, 

what measures must be taken so that the offense does not continue, the damage caused by the 

offense, how it can be terminated if the offense has not yet been committed. The successful 

implementation of land control at the time of accounting for chun lands, it is also important to 

study their composition and use. They are divided into special and agro-industrial types. As a result 

of their transfer, information about the quality of the Earth is obtained, and in agrochemistry, their 

factual state is studied. All this substantiates the importance of the information provision of 

control. 



 

383   Journal of Public Diplomacy and International Studies                              www. grnjournal.us  

 
 

Land control, which plays an important role in ensuring compliance with the requirements for the 

use and protection of agricultural land, is in turn one of the most important manifestations of state 

control. State control the Land Fund is one of the most important functions of Public 

Administration, this situation is reflected not only in our Republic, but also in the land legislation 

of other foreign countries. For example, in accordance with Article 187 of the Land Code of 

Ukraine, state control over the use and protection of lands intended for agriculture consists in 

ensuring the compliance of state authorities, local self-government bodies, organizations, 

enterprises, institutions and citizens with the land legislation of Ukraine. 

Therefore, in the field of land protection as a management function, Environmental Control has a 

number of special peculiarities through which it differs from other state functions. These are the 

following: 

first of all, the relationship between state bodies regarding the implementation of Environmental 

Control in this area can be called" relations of power", after all, control is inherent in the 

implementation of the powers of power; 

secondly, the right of state ownership of land resources is a material guarantee of the 

implementation of environmental control by state bodies; 

thirdly, the legal boundaries of state intervention are determined according to the material 

conditions that have arisen. 

The goals of Environmental Control in the field of land protection for agriculture are to ensure 

environmental safety, prevent and eliminate the harmful effects of economic or other activities on 

the Land Fund. They are carried out by various organizational and legal methods. The following 

is included in the sentence: monitoring the state of land resources; checking and summarizing the 

implementation of measures to protect them and ensure environmental safety; checking the 

implementation of the norms and requirements of environmental and land legislation; prevention 

and assessment of environmentally harmful activity by means of prevention, restriction, 

suspension and liquidation of environmentally harmful activities carried out by legal entities and 

individuals; application of measures of administrative-legal and criminal liability in relation to 

legal entities and individuals who violate environmental rules and requirements. 

Legal norms on Environmental Control are among the mandatory rules for everyone that are 

recognized and ensured by the state, from which the rights and duties of the participants in these 

relations come, and land and ecology form single legal institutions of the general part of the 

branches of law. 

Currently, there is also a sufficient level of practice of regulating this area of social relations, 

special state bodies authorized to carry out these tasks are effectively functioning in this regard. 

The main task of environmental control over the use and protection of agricultural land, as we 

noted above, is to ensure compliance with the requirements of land legislation in order to 

effectively use the lands intended for agriculture by state bodies, organizations, enterprises and 

citizens, and this control is carried out by authorized state bodies. 

The following works were carried out by the Ministry of Agriculture and its system organizations 

in the field of organization and protection of the use of agricultural land. 

In December 2021, when examining lots placed on the e-auction trading platform in the Republic 

of Karakalpakstan and regions, it was found that a total of 94.2 hectares of agricultural land were 

unjustifiably placed in auction trades for non-agricultural purposes, divided into 647 lots. 



 

384   Journal of Public Diplomacy and International Studies                              www. grnjournal.us  

 
 

Also, together with employees of the prosecutor general's Office of the Republic of Uzbekistan, 

documents were issued to eliminate cases of violations of this identified land. 

As a result of the monitoring carried out by the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of 

Karakalpakstan and the Departments of Agriculture of the regions on the planting of agricultural 

crops planned for the harvest of 2021, there were identified cases of non-planting of planned 

agricultural crops on 64,256 hectares of land in 6,104 cases, planting other crops and 

A total of 126 newsletters, references and submissions were made to the authorities and law 

enforcement agencies to eliminate these identified cases. 

Also, 66 references were made to the authorities and relevant authorities on cases of arbitrary 

seizure, unauthorized housing and non-residential buildings and construction of fish ponds and 

lakes on 3,038 hectares of land in 1,170 cases of violations of the land law identified as a result of 

monitoring. 

Measures taken on cases of land violations: 

In the field of agricultural land use, administrative cases were considered and a fine was imposed 

on 317 offenders. For reference: a total of 1 billion against offenders. 247 million. A fine of 940 

thousand soums was established, of which 224 million were paid. Fines in the amount of 610 

thousand rubles were charged. 

Law enforcement agencies were provided to take action by legal entities and individuals in a total 

of 61 cases that caused arbitrary land agricultural treatment by calculating the amounts of damage 

to 114 billion 288 million 600 thousand soums on 167.8 hectares of agricultural land. 

As a result of the measures to protect the agricultural lands transferred from Tashkent region to 

Tashkent, 295 hectares of violations were identified in a total of 181 cases, and information was 

introduced to the Tashkent regional and Tashkent City Halls for elimination, as well as to the 

prosecutor general's office for legal measures; 

According to the results of the monitoring of agricultural crops carried out in the Republic of 

Karakalpakstan and regions, in 11,472 cases, 73,867 hectares of planned crops were not planted 

or replaced with other crops, and references were made to the Council of Ministers of the Republic 

of Karakalpakstan and the regional authorities in this case. 

126 references to identified cases of planned agricultural crops and 66 references to land violations 

were included in local authorities and competent authorities. 

The following control measures were carried out in 2021 by inspectors carrying out land and 

cadastral control of the cadastral agency under the Tax Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan. 

In particular, in a total of 16,893 ha cases in the Republic, it was found that 2,541.3 hectares of 

land were arbitrarily occupied. Of this, 8,823 ha of agricultural land accounted for 2,013.7 hectares 

(of which 1,245. 1 hectares of irrigated arable land in 5,326 ha). 

The above examples also show that the implementation of control in the field of agricultural land 

protection requires a rich scientific experience created on the basis of scientific research in this 

regard, as well as the adaptation of current legislation to one another. Because the provision of a 

comfortable life for today and the future generation is largely and in many respects inextricably 

linked with the rational use of natural resources, including land intended for agriculture, and their 

effective protection. 



 

385   Journal of Public Diplomacy and International Studies                              www. grnjournal.us  

 
 

The importance of Environmental Control in the field of land protection for agriculture is that, 

firstly, it forms a database on the implementation by legal entities and individuals of the provisions 

of legislation in this area, secondly, the level of enforcement of special rules and requirements is 

assessed, appropriate legal action measures are taken, and thirdly, most importantly, it serves to 

prevent violations. 

 

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