id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
ajrhss-2394	1	1	american	american	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	1	2	journal	journal	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	1	3	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	1	4	research	research	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	1	5	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	1	6	humanities	humanity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	1	7	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	1	8	social	social	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	1	9	sciences	science	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	1	10	issn	issn	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	1	11	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	1	12	e	e	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	1	13	):	):	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	1	14	2832	2832	NUM
ajrhss-2394	1	15	-	-	SYM
ajrhss-2394	1	16	8019	8019	NUM
ajrhss-2394	1	17	volume	volume	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	1	18	29	29	NUM
ajrhss-2394	1	19	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	1	20	|	|	ADV
ajrhss-2394	1	21	october	october	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	1	22	2024	2024	NUM
ajrhss-2394	1	23	p	p	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	1	24	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	1	25	g	g	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	1	26	e	e	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	1	27	|	|	ADV
ajrhss-2394	1	28	129	129	NUM
ajrhss-2394	1	29	www.americanjournal.org	www.americanjournal.org	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	1	30	socio	socio	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	1	31	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	1	32	economic	economic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	1	33	impact	impact	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	1	34	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	1	35	inter	inter	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	1	36	-	-	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	1	37	community	community	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	1	38	relations	relation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	1	39	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	1	40	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	1	41	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	1	42	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	1	43	maradi	maradi	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	1	44	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	1	45	zamfara	zamfara	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	1	46	areas	area	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	1	47	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	1	48	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	1	49	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	1	50	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	1	51	niger	niger	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	1	52	borderlands	borderlands	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	1	53	dr	dr	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	1	54	.	.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	1	55	abubakar	abubakar	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	1	56	sama’ila	sama’ila	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	1	57	department	department	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	1	58	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	1	59	history	history	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	1	60	usmanu	usmanu	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	1	61	danfodiyo	danfodiyo	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	1	62	university	university	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	1	63	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	1	64	sokoto	sokoto	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	1	65	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	1	66	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	1	67	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	1	68	pmb	pmb	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	1	69	:	:	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	1	70	email	email	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	1	71	:	:	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	1	72	abubakarismail400@gmail.com	abubakarismail400@gmail.com	X
ajrhss-2394	1	73	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	1	74	sha’aban	sha’aban	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	1	75	magaji	magaji	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	1	76	phd	phd	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	1	77	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	1	78	acit	acit	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	1	79	department	department	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	1	80	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	1	81	public	public	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	1	82	administration	administration	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	1	83	zamfara	zamfara	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	1	84	state	state	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	1	85	college	college	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	1	86	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	1	87	arts	art	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	1	88	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	1	89	science	science	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	1	90	gusau	gusau	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	1	91	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	2	1	zamfaranigeria	zamfaranigeria	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	2	2	e	e	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	2	3	-	-	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	2	4	mail	mail	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	2	5	:	:	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	2	6	ibnmagaji2@yahoo.com	ibnmagaji2@yahoo.com	X
ajrhss-2394	3	1	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	3	2	b	b	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	3	3	s	s	ADP
ajrhss-2394	3	4	t	t	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	3	5	r	r	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	3	6	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	3	7	c	c	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	3	8	t	t	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	3	9	k	k	X
ajrhss-2394	3	10	e	e	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	3	11	y	y	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	3	12	w	w	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	3	13	o	o	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	3	14	r	r	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	3	15	d	d	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	3	16	s	s	VERB
ajrhss-2394	3	17	this	this	DET
ajrhss-2394	3	18	article	article	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	3	19	examines	examine	VERB
ajrhss-2394	3	20	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	3	21	inter	inter	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	3	22	-	-	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	3	23	community	community	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	3	24	relations	relation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	3	25	between	between	ADP
ajrhss-2394	3	26	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	3	27	borderland	borderland	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	3	28	population	population	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	3	29	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	3	30	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	3	31	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	3	32	maradi	maradi	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	3	33	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	3	34	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	3	35	zamfara	zamfara	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	3	36	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	3	37	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	3	38	nigerianiger	nigerianiger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	3	39	borderlands	borderland	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	3	40	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	4	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	4	2	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	4	3	demarcation	demarcation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	4	4	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	4	5	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	4	6	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	4	7	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	4	8	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	4	9	boundary	boundary	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	4	10	by	by	ADP
ajrhss-2394	4	11	european	european	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	4	12	powers	power	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	4	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	4	14	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	4	15	historical	historical	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	4	16	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	4	17	environmental	environmental	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	4	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	4	19	economic	economic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	4	20	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	4	21	social	social	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	4	22	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	4	23	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	4	24	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	4	25	similarities	similarity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	4	26	have	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	4	27	promoted	promote	VERB
ajrhss-2394	4	28	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	4	29	necessitated	necessitated	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	4	30	relationships	relationship	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	4	31	between	between	ADP
ajrhss-2394	4	32	these	these	DET
ajrhss-2394	4	33	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	4	34	areas	area	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	4	35	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	5	1	this	this	DET
ajrhss-2394	5	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	5	3	focuses	focus	VERB
ajrhss-2394	5	4	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	5	5	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	5	6	impacts	impact	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	5	7	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	5	8	various	various	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	5	9	activities	activity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	5	10	undertaken	undertake	VERB
ajrhss-2394	5	11	by	by	ADP
ajrhss-2394	5	12	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	5	13	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	5	14	communities	community	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	5	15	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	5	16	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	5	17	development	development	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	5	18	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	5	19	inter	inter	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	5	20	-	-	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	5	21	communal	communal	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	5	22	relations	relation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	5	23	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	6	1	trade	trade	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	6	2	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	6	3	exchange	exchange	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	6	4	relations	relation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	6	5	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	7	1	smuggling	smuggling	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	7	2	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	8	1	corruption	corruption	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	8	2	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	9	1	cultural	cultural	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	9	2	festivals	festival	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	9	3	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	10	1	intercommunal	intercommunal	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	10	2	relations	relation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	10	3	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	11	1	introduction	introduction	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	11	2	inter	inter	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	11	3	-	-	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	11	4	communal	communal	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	11	5	relations	relation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	11	6	between	between	ADP
ajrhss-2394	11	7	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	11	8	borderland	borderland	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	11	9	population	population	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	11	10	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	11	11	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	11	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	11	13	maradi	maradi	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	11	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	11	15	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	11	16	zamfara	zamfara	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	11	17	have	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	11	18	been	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	11	19	mutual	mutual	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	11	20	long	long	ADV
ajrhss-2394	11	21	before	before	ADP
ajrhss-2394	11	22	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	11	23	imposition	imposition	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	11	24	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	11	25	colonial	colonial	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	11	26	rule	rule	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	11	27	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	12	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	12	2	relations	relation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	12	3	have	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	12	4	grown	grow	VERB
ajrhss-2394	12	5	stronger	strong	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	12	6	despite	despite	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	12	7	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	12	8	demarcation	demarcation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	12	9	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	12	10	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	12	11	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	12	12	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	12	13	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	12	14	boundary	boundary	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	12	15	by	by	ADP
ajrhss-2394	12	16	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	12	17	european	european	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	12	18	powers	power	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	12	19	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	13	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	13	2	bottom	bottom	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	13	3	line	line	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	13	4	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	13	5	some	some	DET
ajrhss-2394	13	6	factors	factor	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	13	7	have	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	13	8	necessitated	necessitate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	13	9	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	13	10	promoted	promote	VERB
ajrhss-2394	13	11	relationships	relationship	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	13	12	between	between	ADP
ajrhss-2394	13	13	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	13	14	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	13	15	areas	area	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	13	16	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	13	17	zamfara	zamfara	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	13	18	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	13	19	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	13	20	emirate	emirate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	13	21	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	13	22	maradi	maradi	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	13	23	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	13	24	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	13	25	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	13	26	republic	republic	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	13	27	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	14	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	14	2	most	most	ADV
ajrhss-2394	14	3	obvious	obvious	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	14	4	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	14	5	these	these	PRON
ajrhss-2394	14	6	are	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	14	7	environmental	environmental	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	14	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	14	9	economic	economic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	14	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	14	11	social	social	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	14	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	14	13	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	14	14	political	political	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	14	15	similarities	similarity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	14	16	shared	share	VERB
ajrhss-2394	14	17	by	by	ADP
ajrhss-2394	14	18	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	14	19	two	two	NUM
ajrhss-2394	14	20	regions	region	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	14	21	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	14	22	their	their	PRON
ajrhss-2394	14	23	proximity	proximity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	14	24	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	14	25	one	one	NUM
ajrhss-2394	14	26	another	another	DET
ajrhss-2394	14	27	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	15	1	1another	1another	NUM
ajrhss-2394	15	2	factor	factor	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	15	3	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	15	4	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	15	5	role	role	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	15	6	played	play	VERB
ajrhss-2394	15	7	by	by	ADP
ajrhss-2394	15	8	language	language	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	15	9	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	16	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	16	2	people	people	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	16	3	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	16	4	gobir	gobir	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	16	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	16	6	zamfara	zamfara	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	16	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	16	8	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	16	9	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	16	10	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	16	11	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	16	12	those	those	PRON
ajrhss-2394	16	13	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	16	14	madarunfa	madarunfa	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	16	15	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	16	16	maradi	maradi	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	16	17	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	16	18	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	16	19	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	16	20	republic	republic	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	16	21	were	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	16	22	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	16	23	are	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	16	24	still	still	ADV
ajrhss-2394	16	25	hausa	hausa	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	16	26	speakers	speaker	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	16	27	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	17	1	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	17	2	other	other	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	17	3	words	word	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	17	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	17	5	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	17	6	two	two	NUM
ajrhss-2394	17	7	regions	region	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	17	8	constitute	constitute	VERB
ajrhss-2394	17	9	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	17	10	single	single	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	17	11	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	17	12	group	group	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	17	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	17	14	which	which	PRON
ajrhss-2394	17	15	indicates	indicate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	17	16	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	17	17	absence	absence	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	17	18	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	17	19	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	17	20	communication	communication	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	17	21	barrier	barrier	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	17	22	between	between	ADP
ajrhss-2394	17	23	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	17	24	two	two	NUM
ajrhss-2394	17	25	communities.2	communities.2	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	17	26	similarly	similarly	ADV
ajrhss-2394	17	27	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	17	28	economic	economic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	17	29	activities	activity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	17	30	have	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	17	31	been	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	17	32	important	important	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	17	33	areas	area	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	17	34	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	17	35	linkages	linkage	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	17	36	between	between	ADP
ajrhss-2394	17	37	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	17	38	people	people	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	17	39	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	17	40	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	17	41	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	17	42	emirate	emirate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	17	43	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	17	44	those	those	PRON
ajrhss-2394	17	45	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	17	46	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	17	47	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	17	48	republic	republic	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	17	49	either	either	ADV
ajrhss-2394	17	50	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	18	1	so	so	ADV
ajrhss-2394	18	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	18	3	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	18	4	natural	natural	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	18	5	1	1	NUM
ajrhss-2394	18	6	kshcb/346	kshcb/346	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	18	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	18	8	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	18	9	emirate	emirate	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	18	10	:	:	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	18	11	description	description	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	18	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	18	13	historical	historical	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	18	14	notes	note	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	18	15	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	18	16	assessment	assessment	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	18	17	reports	report	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	18	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	18	19	kat	kat	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	18	20	/	/	SYM
ajrhss-2394	18	21	na	na	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	18	22	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	18	23	w44	w44	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	18	24	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	18	25	population	population	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	18	26	statistics	statistic	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	18	27	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	19	1	1945	1945	NUM
ajrhss-2394	19	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	19	3	5	5	NUM
ajrhss-2394	19	4	.	.	SYM
ajrhss-2394	19	5	2	2	NUM
ajrhss-2394	19	6	s.a	s.a	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	19	7	.	.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	19	8	yakasai	yakasai	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	19	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	19	10	“	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	19	11	language	language	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	19	12	across	across	ADP
ajrhss-2394	19	13	two	two	NUM
ajrhss-2394	19	14	borders	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	19	15	:	:	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	19	16	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	19	17	socio	socio	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	19	18	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	19	19	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	19	20	study	study	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	19	21	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	19	22	hausa	hausa	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	19	23	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	19	24	konni	konni	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	19	25	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	19	26	illela	illela	ADP
ajrhss-2394	19	27	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	19	28	towns	town	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	19	29	”	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	19	30	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	19	31	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	19	32	unpublished	unpublished	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	19	33	phd	phd	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	19	34	thesis	thesis	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	19	35	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	19	36	bayero	bayero	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	19	37	university	university	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	19	38	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	19	39	kano	kano	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	19	40	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	19	41	1999	1999	NUM
ajrhss-2394	19	42	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	19	43	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	19	44	88	88	NUM
ajrhss-2394	19	45	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	20	1	american	american	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	20	2	journal	journal	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	20	3	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	20	4	research	research	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	20	5	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	20	6	humanities	humanity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	20	7	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	20	8	social	social	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	20	9	sciences	science	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	20	10	volume	volume	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	20	11	29	29	NUM
ajrhss-2394	20	12	october	october	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	20	13	2024	2024	NUM
ajrhss-2394	20	14	p	p	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	20	15	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	20	16	g	g	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	20	17	e	e	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	20	18	|	|	ADV
ajrhss-2394	20	19	130	130	NUM
ajrhss-2394	20	20	www.americanjournal.org	www.americanjournal.org	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	20	21	resources	resource	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	20	22	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	20	23	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	20	24	two	two	NUM
ajrhss-2394	20	25	areas	area	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	20	26	are	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	20	27	virtually	virtually	ADV
ajrhss-2394	20	28	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	20	29	same	same	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	20	30	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	21	1	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	21	2	instance	instance	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	21	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	21	4	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	21	5	major	major	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	21	6	crops	crop	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	21	7	grown	grow	VERB
ajrhss-2394	21	8	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	21	9	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	21	10	two	two	NUM
ajrhss-2394	21	11	areas	area	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	21	12	include	include	VERB
ajrhss-2394	21	13	cotton	cotton	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	21	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	21	15	millet	millet	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	21	16	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	21	17	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	21	18	groundnut	groundnut	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	21	19	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	22	1	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	22	2	such	such	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	22	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	22	4	agriculture	agriculture	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	22	5	has	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	22	6	been	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	22	7	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	22	8	dominant	dominant	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	22	9	economic	economic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	22	10	activity	activity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	22	11	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	22	12	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	22	13	people	people	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	22	14	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	22	15	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	22	16	two	two	NUM
ajrhss-2394	22	17	regions.3	regions.3	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	22	18	so	so	ADV
ajrhss-2394	22	19	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	22	20	such	such	DET
ajrhss-2394	22	21	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	22	22	high	high	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	22	23	level	level	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	22	24	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	22	25	interaction	interaction	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	22	26	makes	make	VERB
ajrhss-2394	22	27	it	it	PRON
ajrhss-2394	22	28	absolutely	absolutely	ADV
ajrhss-2394	22	29	difficult	difficult	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	22	30	for	for	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	22	31	security	security	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	22	32	personnel	personnel	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	22	33	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	22	34	differentiate	differentiate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	22	35	between	between	ADP
ajrhss-2394	22	36	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	22	37	two	two	NUM
ajrhss-2394	22	38	at	at	ADP
ajrhss-2394	22	39	security	security	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	22	40	checkpoints.4	checkpoints.4	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	22	41	consequently	consequently	ADV
ajrhss-2394	22	42	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	22	43	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	22	44	impacts	impact	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	22	45	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	22	46	such	such	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	22	47	inter	inter	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	22	48	-	-	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	22	49	communal	communal	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	22	50	relations	relation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	22	51	are	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	22	52	tremendous	tremendous	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	22	53	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	22	54	as	as	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	22	55	they	they	PRON
ajrhss-2394	22	56	cut	cut	VERB
ajrhss-2394	22	57	across	across	ADP
ajrhss-2394	22	58	social	social	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	22	59	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	22	60	economic	economic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	22	61	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	22	62	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	22	63	political	political	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	22	64	aspects	aspect	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	22	65	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	23	1	this	this	DET
ajrhss-2394	23	2	paper	paper	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	23	3	analyzes	analyze	VERB
ajrhss-2394	23	4	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	23	5	major	major	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	23	6	impacts	impact	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	23	7	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	23	8	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	23	9	various	various	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	23	10	activities	activity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	23	11	undertaken	undertake	VERB
ajrhss-2394	23	12	by	by	ADP
ajrhss-2394	23	13	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	23	14	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	23	15	communities	community	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	23	16	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	23	17	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	23	18	development	development	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	23	19	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	23	20	inter	inter	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	23	21	-	-	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	23	22	communal	communal	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	23	23	relations	relation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	23	24	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	23	25	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	23	26	area	area	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	23	27	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	24	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	24	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	24	3	shows	show	VERB
ajrhss-2394	24	4	that	that	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	24	5	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	24	6	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	24	7	result	result	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	24	8	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	24	9	these	these	DET
ajrhss-2394	24	10	activities	activity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	24	11	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	24	12	intimacies	intimacy	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	24	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	24	14	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	24	15	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	24	16	role	role	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	24	17	played	play	VERB
ajrhss-2394	24	18	by	by	ADP
ajrhss-2394	24	19	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	24	20	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	24	21	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	24	22	insignificant	insignificant	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	24	23	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	24	24	unsatisfactory	unsatisfactory	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	24	25	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	24	26	stopping	stop	VERB
ajrhss-2394	24	27	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	24	28	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	24	29	linkages	linkage	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	24	30	between	between	ADP
ajrhss-2394	24	31	katsinawa	katsinawa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	24	32	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	24	33	maradawa	maradawa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	24	34	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	24	35	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	24	36	zamfarawa	zamfarawa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	24	37	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	25	1	social	social	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	25	2	impact	impact	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	25	3	one	one	NUM
ajrhss-2394	25	4	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	25	5	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	25	6	significant	significant	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	25	7	factors	factor	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	25	8	that	that	PRON
ajrhss-2394	25	9	enhanced	enhance	VERB
ajrhss-2394	25	10	cordial	cordial	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	25	11	intercommunity	intercommunity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	25	12	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	25	13	relation	relation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	25	14	between	between	ADP
ajrhss-2394	25	15	katsinawa	katsinawa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	25	16	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	25	17	zamfarawa	zamfarawa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	25	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	25	19	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	25	20	maradawa	maradawa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	25	21	indigenes	indigene	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	25	22	was	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	25	23	islam	islam	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	25	24	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	26	1	islam	islam	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	26	2	has	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	26	3	been	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	26	4	an	an	DET
ajrhss-2394	26	5	important	important	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	26	6	integrative	integrative	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	26	7	force	force	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	26	8	between	between	ADP
ajrhss-2394	26	9	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	26	10	two	two	NUM
ajrhss-2394	26	11	groups	group	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	26	12	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	27	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	27	2	fact	fact	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	27	3	that	that	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	27	4	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	27	5	vast	vast	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	27	6	majority	majority	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	27	7	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	27	8	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	27	9	population	population	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	27	10	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	27	11	both	both	DET
ajrhss-2394	27	12	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	27	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	27	14	zamfara	zamfara	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	27	15	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	27	16	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	27	17	people	people	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	27	18	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	27	19	niger	niger	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	27	20	republic	republic	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	27	21	are	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	27	22	muslims	muslims	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	27	23	means	mean	VERB
ajrhss-2394	27	24	that	that	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	27	25	there	there	PRON
ajrhss-2394	27	26	is	be	VERB
ajrhss-2394	27	27	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	27	28	common	common	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	27	29	body	body	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	27	30	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	27	31	values	value	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	27	32	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	27	33	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	27	34	single	single	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	27	35	moral	moral	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	27	36	standard	standard	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	27	37	they	they	PRON
ajrhss-2394	27	38	share	share	VERB
ajrhss-2394	27	39	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	28	1	some	some	DET
ajrhss-2394	28	2	nigerians	nigerians	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	28	3	like	like	ADP
ajrhss-2394	28	4	mallam	mallam	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	28	5	isa	isa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	28	6	tudun	tudun	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	28	7	yanlifidda	yanlifidda	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	28	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	28	9	mallam	mallam	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	28	10	nasiru	nasiru	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	28	11	yanshuni	yanshuni	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	28	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	28	13	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	28	14	mallam	mallam	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	28	15	muhammadu	muhammadu	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	28	16	makudawa	makudawa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	28	17	have	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	28	18	been	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	28	19	prominent	prominent	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	28	20	islamic	islamic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	28	21	scholars	scholar	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	28	22	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	28	23	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	28	24	city	city	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	28	25	who	who	PRON
ajrhss-2394	28	26	teach	teach	VERB
ajrhss-2394	28	27	students	student	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	28	28	islamic	islamic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	28	29	education	education	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	28	30	without	without	ADP
ajrhss-2394	28	31	bias	bias	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	28	32	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	28	33	either	either	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	28	34	tribal	tribal	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	28	35	or	or	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	28	36	national	national	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	28	37	differences.5	differences.5	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	28	38	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	28	39	two	two	NUM
ajrhss-2394	28	40	communities	community	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	28	41	attend	attend	VERB
ajrhss-2394	28	42	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	28	43	same	same	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	28	44	mosques	mosque	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	28	45	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	28	46	observe	observe	VERB
ajrhss-2394	28	47	religious	religious	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	28	48	activities	activity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	28	49	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	28	50	interact	interact	VERB
ajrhss-2394	28	51	freely	freely	ADV
ajrhss-2394	28	52	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	28	53	each	each	DET
ajrhss-2394	28	54	other	other	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	28	55	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	29	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	29	2	nigerianiger	nigerianiger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	29	3	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	29	4	communities	community	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	29	5	are	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	29	6	generally	generally	ADV
ajrhss-2394	29	7	muslims	muslim	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	29	8	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	30	1	they	they	PRON
ajrhss-2394	30	2	follow	follow	VERB
ajrhss-2394	30	3	three	three	NUM
ajrhss-2394	30	4	major	major	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	30	5	schools	school	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	30	6	:	:	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	30	7	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	30	8	tijjnniya	tijjnniya	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	30	9	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	30	10	tariqa	tariqa	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	30	11	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	30	12	brotherhood	brotherhood	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	30	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	30	14	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	30	15	qadiriyya	qadiriyya	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	30	16	brotherhood	brotherhood	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	30	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	30	18	izala	izala	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	30	19	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	30	20	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	30	21	very	very	ADV
ajrhss-2394	30	22	much	much	ADV
ajrhss-2394	30	23	recently	recently	ADV
ajrhss-2394	30	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	30	25	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	30	26	salafiyya	salafiyya	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	30	27	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	31	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	31	2	increasing	increase	VERB
ajrhss-2394	31	3	number	number	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	31	4	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	31	5	people	people	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	31	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	31	7	especially	especially	ADV
ajrhss-2394	31	8	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	31	9	young	young	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	31	10	malamai	malamai	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	31	11	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	31	12	religious	religious	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	31	13	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	31	14	seekers	seeker	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	31	15	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	31	16	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	31	17	their	their	PRON
ajrhss-2394	31	18	almajirai	almajirai	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	31	19	troops	troop	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	31	20	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	31	21	nigeria	nigeria	PRON
ajrhss-2394	31	22	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	31	23	study	study	VERB
ajrhss-2394	31	24	under	under	ADP
ajrhss-2394	31	25	'	'	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	31	26	numerous	numerous	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	31	27	malamai	malamai	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	31	28	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	31	29	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	31	30	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	31	31	gusau	gusau	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	31	32	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	31	33	sokoto	sokoto	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	31	34	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	31	35	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	31	36	kano	kano	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	31	37	since	since	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	31	38	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	31	39	pre	pre	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	31	40	-	-	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	31	41	colonial	colonial	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	31	42	days	day	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	31	43	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	31	44	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	31	45	this	this	DET
ajrhss-2394	31	46	practice	practice	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	31	47	has	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	31	48	continued	continue	VERB
ajrhss-2394	31	49	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	31	50	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	31	51	present	present	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	31	52	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	32	1	6the	6the	NUM
ajrhss-2394	32	2	dominant	dominant	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	32	3	religious	religious	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	32	4	culture	culture	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	32	5	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	32	6	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	32	7	area	area	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	32	8	was	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	32	9	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	32	10	sufi	sufi	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	32	11	orientation	orientation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	32	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	32	13	represented	represent	VERB
ajrhss-2394	32	14	by	by	ADP
ajrhss-2394	32	15	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	32	16	qadiriyyah	qadiriyyah	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	32	17	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	32	18	tijaniyyah	tijaniyyah	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	32	19	brotherhoods	brotherhood	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	32	20	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	33	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	33	2	sufi	sufi	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	33	3	tradition	tradition	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	33	4	emphasized	emphasize	VERB
ajrhss-2394	33	5	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	33	6	increasing	increase	VERB
ajrhss-2394	33	7	search	search	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	33	8	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	33	9	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	33	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	33	11	closeness	closeness	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	33	12	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	33	13	god	god	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	33	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	33	15	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	33	16	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	33	17	purification	purification	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	33	18	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	33	19	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	33	20	heart	heart	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	33	21	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	33	22	total	total	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	33	23	submission	submission	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	33	24	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	33	25	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	33	26	will	will	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	33	27	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	33	28	god	god	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	33	29	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	34	1	izala	izala	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	34	2	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	34	3	salafiyya	salafiyya	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	34	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	34	5	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	34	6	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	34	7	other	other	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	34	8	hand	hand	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	34	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	34	10	emphasize	emphasize	VERB
ajrhss-2394	34	11	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	34	12	purification	purification	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	34	13	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	34	14	deeds	deed	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	34	15	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	34	16	are	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	34	17	opposed	oppose	VERB
ajrhss-2394	34	18	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	34	19	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	34	20	tijjaniyya	tijjaniyya	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	34	21	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	34	22	qadiriyya	qadiriyya	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	34	23	doctrines.7	doctrines.7	VERB
ajrhss-2394	34	24	it	it	PRON
ajrhss-2394	34	25	was	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	34	26	under	under	ADP
ajrhss-2394	34	27	these	these	DET
ajrhss-2394	34	28	conditions	condition	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	34	29	that	that	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	34	30	more	more	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	34	31	scholars	scholar	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	34	32	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	34	33	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	34	34	republic	republic	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	34	35	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	34	36	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	34	37	relocated	relocate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	34	38	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	34	39	northern	northern	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	34	40	regions	region	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	34	41	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	34	42	nigeria	nigeria	PRON
ajrhss-2394	34	43	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	34	44	make	make	VERB
ajrhss-2394	34	45	their	their	PRON
ajrhss-2394	34	46	living	living	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	34	47	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	35	1	mallam	mallam	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	35	2	ibrahim	ibrahim	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	35	3	dantasawa	dantasawa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	35	4	was	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	35	5	one	one	NUM
ajrhss-2394	35	6	such	such	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	35	7	scholar	scholar	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	35	8	;	;	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	35	9	it	it	PRON
ajrhss-2394	35	10	was	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	35	11	also	also	ADV
ajrhss-2394	35	12	around	around	ADV
ajrhss-2394	35	13	this	this	DET
ajrhss-2394	35	14	time	time	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	35	15	that	that	PRON
ajrhss-2394	35	16	shaykh	shaykh	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	35	17	abubakar	abubakar	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	35	18	kiota	kiota	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	35	19	lived	live	VERB
ajrhss-2394	35	20	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	35	21	zaria	zaria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	35	22	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	35	23	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	35	24	renowned	renowned	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	35	25	shaykh	shaykh	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	35	26	yahuza	yahuza	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	35	27	zaria	zaria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	35	28	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	35	29	who	who	PRON
ajrhss-2394	35	30	died	die	VERB
ajrhss-2394	35	31	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	35	32	1958	1958	NUM
ajrhss-2394	35	33	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	36	1	shaykh	shaykh	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	36	2	abdulrazaq	abdulrazaq	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	36	3	kuso	kuso	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	36	4	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	36	5	magarya	magarya	ADV
ajrhss-2394	36	6	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	36	7	received	receive	VERB
ajrhss-2394	36	8	most	most	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	36	9	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	36	10	his	his	PRON
ajrhss-2394	36	11	scholarly	scholarly	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	36	12	training	training	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	36	13	under	under	ADP
ajrhss-2394	36	14	shaykh	shaykh	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	36	15	tijani	tijani	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	36	16	yan	yan	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	36	17	mota	mota	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	36	18	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	36	19	shaykh	shaykh	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	36	20	abubakar	abubakar	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	36	21	atiku	atiku	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	36	22	sanka	sanka	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	36	23	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	36	24	kano.8	kano.8	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	36	25	similarly	similarly	ADV
ajrhss-2394	36	26	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	36	27	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	36	28	students	student	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	36	29	thronged	throng	VERB
ajrhss-2394	36	30	into	into	ADP
ajrhss-2394	36	31	northern	northern	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	36	32	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	36	33	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	36	34	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	36	35	same	same	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	36	36	purpose	purpose	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	36	37	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	37	1	liman	liman	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	37	2	shafiú	shafiú	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	37	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	37	4	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	37	5	son	son	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	37	6	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	37	7	liman	liman	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	37	8	ishaq	ishaq	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	37	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	37	10	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	37	11	present	present	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	37	12	chief	chief	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	37	13	imam	imam	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	37	14	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	37	15	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	37	16	central	central	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	37	17	maradi	maradi	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	37	18	mosque	mosque	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	37	19	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	37	20	studied	study	VERB
ajrhss-2394	37	21	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	37	22	kano	kano	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	37	23	under	under	ADP
ajrhss-2394	37	24	these	these	DET
ajrhss-2394	37	25	conditions.9	conditions.9	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	37	26	most	most	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	37	27	members	member	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	37	28	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	37	29	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	37	30	scholarly	scholarly	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	37	31	family	family	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	37	32	interviewed	interview	VERB
ajrhss-2394	37	33	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	37	34	maradi	maradi	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	37	35	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	37	36	shaykh	shaykh	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	37	37	mallam	mallam	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	37	38	abba	abba	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	37	39	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	37	40	shaykh	shaykh	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	37	41	ibrahim	ibrahim	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	37	42	danjiratawa	danjiratawa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	37	43	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	37	44	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	37	45	3	3	NUM
ajrhss-2394	37	46	kshcb/346	kshcb/346	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	37	47	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	37	48	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	37	49	emirate	emirate	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	37	50	:	:	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	37	51	description	description	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	37	52	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	37	53	historical	historical	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	37	54	notes	note	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	37	55	…	…	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	37	56	8	8	NUM
ajrhss-2394	37	57	.	.	SYM
ajrhss-2394	37	58	4	4	NUM
ajrhss-2394	37	59	commander	commander	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	37	60	oumar	oumar	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	37	61	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	37	62	duanne	duanne	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	37	63	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	37	64	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	37	65	56	56	NUM
ajrhss-2394	37	66	years	year	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	37	67	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	37	68	interviewed	interview	VERB
ajrhss-2394	37	69	at	at	ADP
ajrhss-2394	37	70	dan	dan	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	37	71	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	37	72	issa	issa	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	37	73	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	37	74	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	37	75	january	january	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	37	76	3	3	NUM
ajrhss-2394	37	77	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	37	78	2022	2022	NUM
ajrhss-2394	37	79	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	38	1	5	5	NUM
ajrhss-2394	38	2	kshcb/346	kshcb/346	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	38	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	38	4	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	38	5	emirate	emirate	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	38	6	:	:	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	38	7	description	description	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	38	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	38	9	historical	historical	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	38	10	notes	note	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	38	11	…	…	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	38	12	10	10	NUM
ajrhss-2394	38	13	.	.	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	38	14	6	6	NUM
ajrhss-2394	38	15	j.	j.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	38	16	hunwick	hunwick	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	38	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	38	18	“	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	38	19	borders	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	38	20	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	38	21	boundaries	boundary	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	38	22	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	38	23	…	…	NUM
ajrhss-2394	38	24	33	33	NUM
ajrhss-2394	38	25	.	.	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	38	26	7	7	NUM
ajrhss-2394	38	27	j.	j.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	38	28	hunwick	hunwick	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	38	29	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	38	30	“	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	38	31	borders	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	38	32	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	38	33	boundaries	boundary	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	38	34	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	38	35	…	…	NUM
ajrhss-2394	38	36	35	35	NUM
ajrhss-2394	38	37	.	.	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	38	38	8	8	NUM
ajrhss-2394	38	39	m.m	m.m	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	38	40	.	.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	38	41	gwadabe	gwadabe	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	38	42	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	38	43	“	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	38	44	reformist	reformist	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	38	45	islam	islam	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	38	46	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	38	47	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	38	48	…	…	NUM
ajrhss-2394	38	49	46	46	NUM
ajrhss-2394	38	50	.	.	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	38	51	9	9	NUM
ajrhss-2394	38	52	m.m	m.m	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	38	53	.	.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	38	54	gwadabe	gwadabe	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	38	55	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	38	56	“	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	38	57	reformist	reformist	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	38	58	islam	islam	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	38	59	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	38	60	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	38	61	…	…	NUM
ajrhss-2394	38	62	49	49	NUM
ajrhss-2394	38	63	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	39	1	american	american	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	39	2	journal	journal	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	39	3	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	39	4	research	research	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	39	5	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	39	6	humanities	humanity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	39	7	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	39	8	social	social	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	39	9	sciences	science	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	39	10	volume	volume	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	39	11	29	29	NUM
ajrhss-2394	39	12	october	october	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	39	13	2024	2024	NUM
ajrhss-2394	39	14	p	p	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	39	15	a	a	PRON
ajrhss-2394	39	16	g	g	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	39	17	e	e	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	40	1	|	|	ADV
ajrhss-2394	40	2	131	131	NUM
ajrhss-2394	40	3	www.americanjournal.org	www.americanjournal.org	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	40	4	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	40	5	niamey	niamey	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	40	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	40	7	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	40	8	beyond	beyond	ADP
ajrhss-2394	40	9	all	all	PRON
ajrhss-2394	40	10	testified	testify	VERB
ajrhss-2394	40	11	that	that	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	40	12	they	they	PRON
ajrhss-2394	40	13	studied	study	VERB
ajrhss-2394	40	14	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	40	15	kano	kano	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	40	16	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	40	17	sokoto	sokoto	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	40	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	40	19	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	40	20	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	40	21	gusau	gusau	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	40	22	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	40	23	or	or	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	40	24	borno	borno	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	40	25	during	during	ADP
ajrhss-2394	40	26	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	40	27	colonial	colonial	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	40	28	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	40	29	post	post	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	40	30	-	-	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	40	31	colonial	colonial	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	40	32	periods	period	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	40	33	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	41	1	overall	overall	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	41	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	41	3	although	although	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	41	4	new	new	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	41	5	barriers	barrier	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	41	6	were	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	41	7	put	put	VERB
ajrhss-2394	41	8	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	41	9	place	place	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	41	10	that	that	PRON
ajrhss-2394	41	11	clearly	clearly	ADV
ajrhss-2394	41	12	separated	separate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	41	13	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	41	14	territorial	territorial	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	41	15	lands	land	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	41	16	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	41	17	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	41	18	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	41	19	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	41	20	republic	republic	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	41	21	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	41	22	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	41	23	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	41	24	distinct	distinct	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	41	25	political	political	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	41	26	entities	entity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	41	27	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	41	28	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	41	29	nature	nature	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	41	30	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	41	31	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	41	32	french	french	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	41	33	colonial	colonial	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	41	34	policy	policy	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	41	35	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	41	36	its	its	PRON
ajrhss-2394	41	37	dislike	dislike	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	41	38	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	41	39	mixing	mix	VERB
ajrhss-2394	41	40	religion	religion	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	41	41	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	41	42	governance	governance	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	41	43	led	lead	VERB
ajrhss-2394	41	44	many	many	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	41	45	nigerien	nigerien	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	41	46	scholars	scholar	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	41	47	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	41	48	students	student	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	41	49	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	41	50	move	move	VERB
ajrhss-2394	41	51	into	into	ADP
ajrhss-2394	41	52	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	41	53	northern	northern	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	41	54	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	41	55	area	area	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	41	56	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	41	57	search	search	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	41	58	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	41	59	islamic	islamic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	41	60	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	41	61	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	42	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	42	2	complementary	complementary	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	42	3	needs	need	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	42	4	among	among	ADP
ajrhss-2394	42	5	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	42	6	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	42	7	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	42	8	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	42	9	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	42	10	communities	community	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	42	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	42	12	as	as	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	42	13	indicated	indicate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	42	14	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	42	15	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	42	16	previous	previous	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	42	17	papers	paper	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	42	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	42	19	have	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	42	20	led	lead	VERB
ajrhss-2394	42	21	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	42	22	other	other	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	42	23	social	social	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	42	24	forms	form	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	42	25	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	42	26	relations	relation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	42	27	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	42	28	such	such	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	42	29	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	42	30	intermarriages.10	intermarriages.10	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	42	31	oral	oral	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	42	32	data	datum	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	42	33	obtained	obtain	VERB
ajrhss-2394	42	34	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	42	35	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	42	36	course	course	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	42	37	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	42	38	this	this	DET
ajrhss-2394	42	39	research	research	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	42	40	has	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	42	41	shown	show	VERB
ajrhss-2394	42	42	that	that	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	42	43	marital	marital	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	42	44	relations	relation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	42	45	have	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	42	46	been	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	42	47	an	an	DET
ajrhss-2394	42	48	important	important	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	42	49	factor	factor	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	42	50	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	42	51	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	42	52	intercommunity	intercommunity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	42	53	relations	relation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	42	54	between	between	ADP
ajrhss-2394	42	55	katsinawa	katsinawa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	42	56	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	42	57	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	42	58	people	people	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	42	59	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	42	60	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	42	61	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	42	62	republic.11	republic.11	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	42	63	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	42	64	instance	instance	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	42	65	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	42	66	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	42	67	late	late	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	42	68	ali	ali	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	42	69	babba	babba	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	42	70	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	42	71	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	42	72	shantalin	shantalin	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	42	73	magajin	magajin	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	42	74	garin	garin	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	42	75	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	42	76	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	42	77	married	marry	VERB
ajrhss-2394	42	78	two	two	NUM
ajrhss-2394	42	79	tuaregs	tuareg	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	42	80	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	42	81	buzaye	buzaye	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	42	82	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	42	83	women	woman	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	42	84	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	42	85	niger	niger	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	42	86	republic	republic	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	42	87	stock	stock	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	42	88	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	43	1	12indeed	12indeed	NUM
ajrhss-2394	43	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	43	3	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	43	4	bond	bond	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	43	5	that	that	PRON
ajrhss-2394	43	6	developed	develop	VERB
ajrhss-2394	43	7	because	because	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	43	8	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	43	9	inter	inter	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	43	10	-	-	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	43	11	marriages	marriage	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	43	12	makes	make	VERB
ajrhss-2394	43	13	both	both	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	43	14	vertical	vertical	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	43	15	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	43	16	horizontal	horizontal	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	43	17	integration	integration	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	43	18	possible	possible	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	43	19	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	44	1	there	there	PRON
ajrhss-2394	44	2	is	be	VERB
ajrhss-2394	44	3	also	also	ADV
ajrhss-2394	44	4	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	44	5	record	record	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	44	6	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	44	7	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	44	8	social	social	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	44	9	relations	relation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	44	10	between	between	ADP
ajrhss-2394	44	11	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	44	12	katsinawa	katsinawa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	44	13	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	44	14	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	44	15	people	people	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	44	16	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	44	17	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	44	18	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	44	19	republic	republic	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	44	20	through	through	ADP
ajrhss-2394	44	21	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	44	22	provision	provision	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	44	23	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	44	24	horses	horse	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	44	25	into	into	ADP
ajrhss-2394	44	26	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	44	27	during	during	ADP
ajrhss-2394	44	28	some	some	DET
ajrhss-2394	44	29	important	important	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	44	30	celebrations.13	celebrations.13	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	44	31	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	44	32	pre	pre	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	44	33	-	-	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	44	34	colonial	colonial	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	44	35	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	44	36	colonial	colonial	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	44	37	times	time	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	44	38	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	44	39	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	44	40	institutions	institution	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	44	41	have	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	44	42	been	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	44	43	rearing	rear	VERB
ajrhss-2394	44	44	horses	horse	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	44	45	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	44	46	ceremonial	ceremonial	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	44	47	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	44	48	transportation	transportation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	44	49	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	44	50	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	44	51	defense	defense	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	44	52	purposes	purpose	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	44	53	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	45	1	however	however	ADV
ajrhss-2394	45	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	45	3	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	45	4	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	45	5	post	post	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	45	6	-	-	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	45	7	colonial	colonial	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	45	8	period	period	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	45	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	45	10	rearing	rearing	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	45	11	was	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	45	12	greatly	greatly	ADV
ajrhss-2394	45	13	reduced	reduce	VERB
ajrhss-2394	45	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	45	15	perhaps	perhaps	ADV
ajrhss-2394	45	16	due	due	ADP
ajrhss-2394	45	17	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	45	18	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	45	19	introduction	introduction	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	45	20	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	45	21	modern	modern	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	45	22	means	mean	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	45	23	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	45	24	transportation	transportation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	45	25	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	46	1	it	it	PRON
ajrhss-2394	46	2	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	46	3	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	46	4	common	common	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	46	5	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	46	6	that	that	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	46	7	whenever	whenever	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	46	8	there	there	PRON
ajrhss-2394	46	9	is	be	VERB
ajrhss-2394	46	10	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	46	11	ceremony	ceremony	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	46	12	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	46	13	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	46	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	46	15	such	such	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	46	16	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	46	17	sallah	sallah	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	46	18	carnival	carnival	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	46	19	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	46	20	horse	horse	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	46	21	racing	racing	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	46	22	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	46	23	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	46	24	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	46	25	like	like	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	46	26	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	46	27	quite	quite	DET
ajrhss-2394	46	28	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	46	29	number	number	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	46	30	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	46	31	horses	horse	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	46	32	are	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	46	33	brought	bring	VERB
ajrhss-2394	46	34	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	46	35	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	46	36	city	city	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	46	37	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	46	38	cater	cater	VERB
ajrhss-2394	46	39	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	46	40	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	46	41	celebrations	celebration	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	46	42	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	47	1	an	an	DET
ajrhss-2394	47	2	oral	oral	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	47	3	source	source	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	47	4	indicates	indicate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	47	5	that	that	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	47	6	over	over	ADP
ajrhss-2394	47	7	sixty	sixty	NUM
ajrhss-2394	47	8	percent	percent	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	47	9	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	47	10	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	47	11	horses	horse	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	47	12	used	use	VERB
ajrhss-2394	47	13	during	during	ADP
ajrhss-2394	47	14	sallah	sallah	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	47	15	carnival	carnival	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	47	16	are	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	47	17	brought	bring	VERB
ajrhss-2394	47	18	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	47	19	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	47	20	republic.14	republic.14	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	47	21	usually	usually	ADV
ajrhss-2394	47	22	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	47	23	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	47	24	horses	horse	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	47	25	are	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	47	26	brought	bring	VERB
ajrhss-2394	47	27	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	47	28	areas	area	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	47	29	like	like	ADP
ajrhss-2394	47	30	mayi	mayi	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	47	31	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	47	32	gazawa	gazawa	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	47	33	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	47	34	tassawa	tassawa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	47	35	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	47	36	kanem	kanem	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	47	37	bakashe	bakashe	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	47	38	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	47	39	tsibirin	tsibirin	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	47	40	kare	kare	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	47	41	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	47	42	madawa	madawa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	47	43	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	47	44	jan	jan	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	47	45	ruwa	ruwa	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	47	46	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	47	47	damagaram	damagaram	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	47	48	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	47	49	gidan	gidan	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	47	50	kyata	kyata	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	47	51	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	47	52	dalangashe	dalangashe	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	47	53	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	47	54	gadambo	gadambo	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	47	55	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	47	56	maiki	maiki	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	47	57	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	47	58	kotare	kotare	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	47	59	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	47	60	magami	magami	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	47	61	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	47	62	babban	babban	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	47	63	anne	anne	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	47	64	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	47	65	sharkidandana	sharkidandana	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	47	66	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	47	67	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	47	68	chaduwa	chaduwa	VERB
ajrhss-2394	47	69	among	among	ADP
ajrhss-2394	47	70	others	other	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	47	71	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	48	1	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	48	2	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	48	3	transporters	transporter	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	48	4	spent	spend	VERB
ajrhss-2394	48	5	about	about	ADV
ajrhss-2394	48	6	seven	seven	NUM
ajrhss-2394	48	7	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	48	8	eight	eight	NUM
ajrhss-2394	48	9	days	day	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	48	10	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	48	11	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	48	12	road	road	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	48	13	before	before	ADP
ajrhss-2394	48	14	reaching	reach	VERB
ajrhss-2394	48	15	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	48	16	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	49	1	upon	upon	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	49	2	arrival	arrival	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	49	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	49	4	they	they	PRON
ajrhss-2394	49	5	are	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	49	6	received	receive	VERB
ajrhss-2394	49	7	by	by	ADP
ajrhss-2394	49	8	horse	horse	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	49	9	agents	agent	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	49	10	mainly	mainly	ADV
ajrhss-2394	49	11	concentrated	concentrate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	49	12	at	at	ADP
ajrhss-2394	49	13	galadunchi	galadunchi	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	49	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	49	15	dan	dan	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	49	16	fako	fako	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	49	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	49	18	kofar	kofar	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	49	19	sauri	sauri	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	49	20	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	49	21	yarinchi	yarinchi	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	49	22	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	49	23	yar’adua	yar’adua	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	49	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	49	25	filin	filin	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	49	26	ugu	ugu	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	49	27	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	49	28	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	49	29	kofar	kofar	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	49	30	soro	soro	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	49	31	wards	ward	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	49	32	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	49	33	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	49	34	city	city	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	49	35	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	50	1	15it	15it	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	50	2	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	50	3	important	important	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	50	4	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	50	5	note	note	VERB
ajrhss-2394	50	6	that	that	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	50	7	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	50	8	coming	coming	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	50	9	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	50	10	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	50	11	niger	niger	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	50	12	republic	republic	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	50	13	people	people	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	50	14	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	50	15	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	50	16	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	50	17	these	these	DET
ajrhss-2394	50	18	horses	horse	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	50	19	no	no	ADV
ajrhss-2394	50	20	doubt	doubt	ADV
ajrhss-2394	50	21	promotes	promote	VERB
ajrhss-2394	50	22	social	social	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	50	23	cohesion	cohesion	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	50	24	between	between	ADP
ajrhss-2394	50	25	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	50	26	two	two	NUM
ajrhss-2394	50	27	communities	community	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	50	28	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	51	1	after	after	ADP
ajrhss-2394	51	2	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	51	3	celebrations	celebration	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	51	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	51	5	niger	niger	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	51	6	republic	republic	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	51	7	people	people	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	51	8	do	do	AUX
ajrhss-2394	51	9	not	not	PART
ajrhss-2394	51	10	go	go	VERB
ajrhss-2394	51	11	back	back	ADV
ajrhss-2394	51	12	empty	empty	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	51	13	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	51	14	handed	handed	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	51	15	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	52	1	instead	instead	ADV
ajrhss-2394	52	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	52	3	they	they	PRON
ajrhss-2394	52	4	buy	buy	VERB
ajrhss-2394	52	5	some	some	DET
ajrhss-2394	52	6	important	important	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	52	7	items	item	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	52	8	that	that	PRON
ajrhss-2394	52	9	they	they	PRON
ajrhss-2394	52	10	lack	lack	VERB
ajrhss-2394	52	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	52	12	such	such	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	52	13	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	52	14	leather	leather	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	52	15	mats	mat	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	52	16	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	52	17	foodstuff	foodstuff	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	52	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	52	19	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	52	20	household	household	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	52	21	equipment	equipment	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	52	22	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	52	23	among	among	ADP
ajrhss-2394	52	24	others	other	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	52	25	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	53	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
ajrhss-2394	53	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	53	3	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	53	4	migration	migration	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	53	5	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	53	6	indigenes	indigene	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	53	7	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	53	8	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	53	9	did	do	AUX
ajrhss-2394	53	10	not	not	PART
ajrhss-2394	53	11	cease	cease	VERB
ajrhss-2394	53	12	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	53	13	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	53	14	colonial	colonial	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	53	15	conquest	conquest	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	53	16	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	53	17	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	53	18	20th	20th	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	53	19	century	century	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	53	20	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	54	1	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	54	2	colonial	colonial	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	54	3	report	report	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	54	4	put	put	VERB
ajrhss-2394	54	5	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	54	6	total	total	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	54	7	figure	figure	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	54	8	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	54	9	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	54	10	people	people	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	54	11	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	54	12	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	54	13	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	54	14	9,757	9,757	NUM
ajrhss-2394	54	15	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	54	16	1945	1945	NUM
ajrhss-2394	54	17	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	55	1	16according	16according	NUM
ajrhss-2394	55	2	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	55	3	shehu	shehu	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	55	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	55	5	alhaji	alhaji	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	55	6	musa	musa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	55	7	claimed	claim	VERB
ajrhss-2394	55	8	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	55	9	have	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	55	10	been	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	55	11	one	one	NUM
ajrhss-2394	55	12	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	55	13	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	55	14	earliest	early	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	55	15	arrivals	arrival	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	55	16	during	during	ADP
ajrhss-2394	55	17	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	55	18	colonial	colonial	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	55	19	era.17	era.17	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	55	20	he	he	PRON
ajrhss-2394	55	21	pioneered	pioneer	VERB
ajrhss-2394	55	22	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	55	23	establishment	establishment	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	55	24	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	55	25	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	55	26	local	local	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	55	27	bakery	bakery	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	55	28	industry	industry	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	55	29	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	55	30	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	55	31	late	late	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	55	32	1940s	1940	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	55	33	at	at	ADP
ajrhss-2394	55	34	galadunchi	galadunchi	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	55	35	ward	ward	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	55	36	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	55	37	followed	follow	VERB
ajrhss-2394	55	38	by	by	ADP
ajrhss-2394	55	39	alhaji	alhaji	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	55	40	mamman	mamman	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	55	41	at	at	ADP
ajrhss-2394	55	42	sabon	sabon	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	55	43	layi	layi	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	55	44	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	55	45	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	55	46	northern	northern	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	55	47	part	part	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	55	48	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	55	49	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	55	50	metropolis	metropolis	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	55	51	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	56	1	18	18	NUM
ajrhss-2394	56	2	after	after	ADP
ajrhss-2394	56	3	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	56	4	’s	’s	PART
ajrhss-2394	56	5	independence	independence	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	56	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	56	7	especially	especially	ADV
ajrhss-2394	56	8	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	56	9	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	56	10	1970s	1970	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	56	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	56	12	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	56	13	nigeriens	nigerien	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	56	14	were	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	56	15	again	again	ADV
ajrhss-2394	56	16	pushed	push	VERB
ajrhss-2394	56	17	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	56	18	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	56	19	due	due	ADP
ajrhss-2394	56	20	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	56	21	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	56	22	sahelian	sahelian	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	56	23	drought	drought	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	56	24	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	56	25	famine	famine	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	56	26	that	that	PRON
ajrhss-2394	56	27	had	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	56	28	devastated	devastate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	56	29	their	their	PRON
ajrhss-2394	56	30	social	social	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	56	31	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	56	32	economic	economic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	56	33	lives	life	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	56	34	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	57	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	57	2	migrants	migrant	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	57	3	10	10	NUM
ajrhss-2394	57	4	alhaji	alhaji	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	57	5	sani	sani	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	57	6	ango	ango	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	57	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	57	8	78	78	NUM
ajrhss-2394	57	9	years	year	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	57	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	57	11	retired	retire	VERB
ajrhss-2394	57	12	civil	civil	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	57	13	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	57	14	servant	servant	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	57	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	57	16	interviewed	interview	VERB
ajrhss-2394	57	17	at	at	ADP
ajrhss-2394	57	18	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	57	19	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	57	20	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	57	21	august	august	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	57	22	10	10	NUM
ajrhss-2394	57	23	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	57	24	2021	2021	NUM
ajrhss-2394	57	25	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	57	26	11	11	NUM
ajrhss-2394	57	27	magaji	magaji	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	57	28	jibril	jibril	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	57	29	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	57	30	70	70	NUM
ajrhss-2394	57	31	years	year	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	57	32	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	57	33	magajin	magajin	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	57	34	garin	garin	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	57	35	makada	makada	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	57	36	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	57	37	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	57	38	ruler	ruler	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	57	39	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	57	40	interviewed	interview	VERB
ajrhss-2394	57	41	at	at	ADP
ajrhss-2394	57	42	jibiya	jibiya	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	57	43	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	57	44	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	57	45	february	february	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	57	46	15	15	NUM
ajrhss-2394	57	47	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	57	48	2022	2022	NUM
ajrhss-2394	57	49	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	58	1	12	12	NUM
ajrhss-2394	58	2	aude	aude	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	58	3	mai	mai	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	58	4	calendar	calendar	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	58	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	58	6	68	68	NUM
ajrhss-2394	58	7	years	year	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	58	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	58	9	farmer	farmer	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	58	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	58	11	interviewed	interview	VERB
ajrhss-2394	58	12	at	at	ADP
ajrhss-2394	58	13	jibiya	jibiya	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	58	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	58	15	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	58	16	august	august	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	58	17	10	10	NUM
ajrhss-2394	58	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	58	19	2021	2021	NUM
ajrhss-2394	58	20	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	59	1	13	13	NUM
ajrhss-2394	59	2	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	60	1	abdulkareem	abdulkareem	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	60	2	ibrahim	ibrahim	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	60	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	60	4	53	53	NUM
ajrhss-2394	60	5	years	year	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	60	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	60	7	cross	cross	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	60	8	-	-	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	60	9	border	border	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	60	10	trader	trader	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	60	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	60	12	makada	makada	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	60	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	60	14	jibiya	jibiya	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	60	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	60	16	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	60	17	january	january	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	60	18	4	4	NUM
ajrhss-2394	60	19	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	60	20	2022	2022	NUM
ajrhss-2394	60	21	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	61	1	14	14	NUM
ajrhss-2394	61	2	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	62	1	alhaji	alhaji	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	62	2	sani	sani	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	62	3	ango	ango	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	62	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	62	5	78	78	NUM
ajrhss-2394	62	6	years	year	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	62	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	62	8	retired	retire	VERB
ajrhss-2394	62	9	civil	civil	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	62	10	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	62	11	servant	servant	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	62	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	62	13	interview	interview	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	62	14	at	at	ADP
ajrhss-2394	62	15	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	62	16	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	62	17	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	62	18	august	august	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	62	19	10	10	NUM
ajrhss-2394	62	20	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	62	21	2021	2021	NUM
ajrhss-2394	62	22	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	63	1	15	15	NUM
ajrhss-2394	63	2	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	64	1	alhaji	alhaji	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	64	2	sani	sani	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	64	3	ango	ango	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	64	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	64	5	aged	age	VERB
ajrhss-2394	64	6	78	78	NUM
ajrhss-2394	64	7	years	year	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	64	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	64	9	retired	retire	VERB
ajrhss-2394	64	10	civil	civil	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	64	11	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	64	12	servant	servant	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	64	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	64	14	interview	interview	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	64	15	at	at	ADP
ajrhss-2394	64	16	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	64	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	64	18	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	64	19	august	august	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	64	20	10	10	NUM
ajrhss-2394	64	21	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	64	22	2021	2021	NUM
ajrhss-2394	64	23	16	16	NUM
ajrhss-2394	64	24	katna	katna	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	64	25	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	64	26	w44	w44	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	64	27	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	64	28	population	population	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	64	29	statistics	statistic	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	64	30	;	;	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	64	31	kshcb/346	kshcb/346	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	64	32	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	64	33	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	64	34	emirate	emirate	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	64	35	:	:	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	64	36	description	description	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	64	37	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	64	38	historical	historical	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	64	39	notes	note	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	64	40	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	64	41	assessment	assessment	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	64	42	reports	report	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	64	43	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	64	44	1946	1946	NUM
ajrhss-2394	64	45	17	17	NUM
ajrhss-2394	64	46	kshcb/346	kshcb/346	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	64	47	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	64	48	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	64	49	emirate	emirate	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	64	50	:	:	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	64	51	description	description	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	64	52	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	64	53	historical	historical	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	64	54	notes	note	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	64	55	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	64	56	assessment	assessment	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	64	57	reports	report	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	64	58	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	64	59	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	64	60	1946	1946	NUM
ajrhss-2394	64	61	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	64	62	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	64	63	9	9	NUM
ajrhss-2394	64	64	.	.	SYM
ajrhss-2394	64	65	18	18	NUM
ajrhss-2394	64	66	shehu	shehu	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	64	67	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	64	68	j.	j.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	64	69	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	64	70	“	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	64	71	some	some	DET
ajrhss-2394	64	72	reflections	reflection	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	64	73	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	64	74	…	…	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	64	75	37	37	NUM
ajrhss-2394	64	76	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	65	1	american	american	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	65	2	journal	journal	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	65	3	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	65	4	research	research	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	65	5	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	65	6	humanities	humanity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	65	7	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	65	8	social	social	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	65	9	sciences	science	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	65	10	volume	volume	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	65	11	29	29	NUM
ajrhss-2394	65	12	october	october	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	65	13	2024	2024	NUM
ajrhss-2394	65	14	p	p	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	65	15	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	65	16	g	g	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	65	17	e	e	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	65	18	|	|	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	65	19	132	132	NUM
ajrhss-2394	65	20	www.americanjournal.org	www.americanjournal.org	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	65	21	abandoned	abandon	VERB
ajrhss-2394	65	22	their	their	PRON
ajrhss-2394	65	23	villages	village	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	65	24	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	65	25	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	65	26	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	65	27	moved	move	VERB
ajrhss-2394	65	28	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	65	29	large	large	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	65	30	numbers	number	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	65	31	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	65	32	some	some	PRON
ajrhss-2394	65	33	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	65	34	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	65	35	major	major	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	65	36	cities	city	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	65	37	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	65	38	northern	northern	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	65	39	nigeria19	nigeria19	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	65	40	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	65	41	find	find	VERB
ajrhss-2394	65	42	means	mean	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	65	43	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	65	44	livelihood	livelihood	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	65	45	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	66	1	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	66	2	large	large	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	66	3	number	number	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	66	4	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	66	5	nigerien	nigerien	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	66	6	tuaregs	tuareg	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	66	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	66	8	both	both	DET
ajrhss-2394	66	9	pastoralists	pastoralist	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	66	10	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	66	11	sedentary	sedentary	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	66	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	66	13	moved	move	VERB
ajrhss-2394	66	14	out	out	ADV
ajrhss-2394	66	15	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	66	16	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	66	17	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	66	18	another	another	DET
ajrhss-2394	66	19	part	part	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	66	20	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	66	21	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	66	22	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	66	23	zamfara	zamfara	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	66	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	66	25	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	66	26	sokoto	sokoto	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	66	27	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	66	28	earn	earn	VERB
ajrhss-2394	66	29	means	mean	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	66	30	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	66	31	livelihood.20	livelihood.20	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	66	32	also	also	ADV
ajrhss-2394	66	33	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	66	34	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	66	35	terrain	terrain	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	66	36	were	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	66	37	almajirai	almajirai	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	66	38	between	between	ADP
ajrhss-2394	66	39	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	66	40	ages	age	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	66	41	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	66	42	4	4	NUM
ajrhss-2394	66	43	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	66	44	15	15	NUM
ajrhss-2394	66	45	who	who	PRON
ajrhss-2394	66	46	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	66	47	due	due	ADP
ajrhss-2394	66	48	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	66	49	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	66	50	increasing	increase	VERB
ajrhss-2394	66	51	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	66	52	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	66	53	parents	parent	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	66	54	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	66	55	feed	feed	VERB
ajrhss-2394	66	56	their	their	PRON
ajrhss-2394	66	57	households	household	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	66	58	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	66	59	were	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	66	60	attached	attach	VERB
ajrhss-2394	66	61	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	66	62	itinerant	itinerant	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	66	63	ulama	ulama	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	66	64	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	66	65	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	66	66	name	name	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	66	67	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	66	68	‘	'	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	66	69	islamic	islamic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	66	70	scholarship	scholarship	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	66	71	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	67	1	’21	’21	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	68	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	68	2	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	68	3	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	68	4	almajirci	almajirci	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	68	5	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	68	6	more	more	ADV
ajrhss-2394	68	7	pronounced	pronounced	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	68	8	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	68	9	urban	urban	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	68	10	centers	center	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	68	11	as	as	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	68	12	they	they	PRON
ajrhss-2394	68	13	constitute	constitute	VERB
ajrhss-2394	68	14	better	well	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	68	15	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	68	16	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	68	17	social	social	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	68	18	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	68	19	economic	economic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	68	20	activities.22	activities.22	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	68	21	regrettably	regrettably	ADV
ajrhss-2394	68	22	enough	enough	ADV
ajrhss-2394	68	23	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	68	24	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	68	25	children	child	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	68	26	who	who	PRON
ajrhss-2394	68	27	looked	look	VERB
ajrhss-2394	68	28	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	68	29	food	food	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	68	30	were	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	68	31	commonly	commonly	ADV
ajrhss-2394	68	32	found	find	VERB
ajrhss-2394	68	33	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	68	34	hotels	hotel	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	68	35	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	68	36	restaurants	restaurant	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	68	37	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	68	38	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	68	39	public	public	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	68	40	places	place	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	68	41	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	68	42	as	as	ADV
ajrhss-2394	68	43	well	well	ADV
ajrhss-2394	68	44	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	68	45	begging	beg	VERB
ajrhss-2394	68	46	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	68	47	peoples	people	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	68	48	’	’	PART
ajrhss-2394	68	49	houses	house	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	68	50	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	69	1	political	political	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	69	2	impact	impact	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	69	3	politically	politically	ADV
ajrhss-2394	69	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	69	5	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	69	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	69	7	maradi	maradi	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	69	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	69	9	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	69	10	zamfara	zamfara	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	69	11	areas	area	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	69	12	have	have	VERB
ajrhss-2394	69	13	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	69	14	shared	share	VERB
ajrhss-2394	69	15	history	history	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	69	16	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	70	1	this	this	PRON
ajrhss-2394	70	2	can	can	AUX
ajrhss-2394	70	3	be	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	70	4	seen	see	VERB
ajrhss-2394	70	5	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	70	6	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	70	7	various	various	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	70	8	sources	source	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	70	9	or	or	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	70	10	traditions	tradition	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	70	11	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	70	12	regard	regard	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	70	13	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	70	14	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	70	15	origin	origin	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	70	16	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	70	17	development	development	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	70	18	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	70	19	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	70	20	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	70	21	maradi	maradi	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	70	22	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	70	23	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	70	24	zamfara	zamfara	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	70	25	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	71	1	23similarly	23similarly	ADV
ajrhss-2394	71	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	71	3	there	there	PRON
ajrhss-2394	71	4	has	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	71	5	been	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	71	6	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	71	7	continuous	continuous	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	71	8	pattern	pattern	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	71	9	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	71	10	relations	relation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	71	11	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	71	12	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	71	13	very	very	ADV
ajrhss-2394	71	14	long	long	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	71	15	time	time	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	71	16	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	71	17	which	which	PRON
ajrhss-2394	71	18	became	become	VERB
ajrhss-2394	71	19	very	very	ADV
ajrhss-2394	71	20	prominent	prominent	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	71	21	at	at	ADP
ajrhss-2394	71	22	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	71	23	beginning	beginning	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	71	24	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	71	25	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	71	26	19th	19th	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	71	27	century	century	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	71	28	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	72	1	even	even	ADV
ajrhss-2394	72	2	though	though	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	72	3	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	72	4	sokoto	sokoto	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	72	5	jihad	jihad	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	72	6	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	72	7	1804	1804	NUM
ajrhss-2394	72	8	dislodged	dislodge	VERB
ajrhss-2394	72	9	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	72	10	old	old	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	72	11	hausa	hausa	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	72	12	rulers	ruler	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	72	13	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	72	14	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	72	15	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	72	16	established	establish	VERB
ajrhss-2394	72	17	their	their	PRON
ajrhss-2394	72	18	authority	authority	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	72	19	over	over	ADP
ajrhss-2394	72	20	much	much	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	72	21	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	72	22	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	72	23	territory	territory	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	72	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	72	25	forcing	force	VERB
ajrhss-2394	72	26	them	they	PRON
ajrhss-2394	72	27	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	72	28	flee	flee	VERB
ajrhss-2394	72	29	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	72	30	maradi	maradi	VERB
ajrhss-2394	72	31	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	72	32	establish	establish	VERB
ajrhss-2394	72	33	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	72	34	new	new	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	72	35	government	government	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	72	36	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	72	37	relations	relation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	72	38	between	between	ADP
ajrhss-2394	72	39	these	these	DET
ajrhss-2394	72	40	areas	area	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	72	41	continued.24	continued.24	VERB
ajrhss-2394	72	42	there	there	PRON
ajrhss-2394	72	43	have	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	72	44	been	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	72	45	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	72	46	series	series	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	72	47	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	72	48	exchanges	exchange	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	72	49	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	72	50	visits	visit	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	72	51	between	between	ADP
ajrhss-2394	72	52	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	72	53	authorities	authority	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	72	54	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	72	55	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	72	56	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	72	57	their	their	PRON
ajrhss-2394	72	58	counterparts	counterpart	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	72	59	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	72	60	zinder	zinder	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	72	61	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	72	62	maradi	maradi	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	72	63	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	73	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	73	2	constant	constant	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	73	3	visits	visit	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	73	4	no	no	ADV
ajrhss-2394	73	5	doubt	doubt	ADV
ajrhss-2394	73	6	improve	improve	VERB
ajrhss-2394	73	7	bilateral	bilateral	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	73	8	relations	relation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	73	9	among	among	ADP
ajrhss-2394	73	10	them	they	PRON
ajrhss-2394	73	11	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	74	1	it	it	PRON
ajrhss-2394	74	2	has	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	74	3	also	also	ADV
ajrhss-2394	74	4	been	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	74	5	established	establish	VERB
ajrhss-2394	74	6	that	that	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	74	7	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	74	8	two	two	NUM
ajrhss-2394	74	9	groups	group	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	74	10	attend	attend	VERB
ajrhss-2394	74	11	each	each	DET
ajrhss-2394	74	12	other	other	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	74	13	’s	’s	PART
ajrhss-2394	74	14	turbaning	turbaning	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	74	15	or	or	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	74	16	installation	installation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	74	17	ceremonies	ceremony	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	74	18	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	75	1	whenever	whenever	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	75	2	any	any	DET
ajrhss-2394	75	3	emirs	emir	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	75	4	are	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	75	5	being	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	75	6	turbaned	turbane	VERB
ajrhss-2394	75	7	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	75	8	either	either	DET
ajrhss-2394	75	9	side	side	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	75	10	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	75	11	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	75	12	area	area	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	75	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	75	14	their	their	PRON
ajrhss-2394	75	15	counterparts	counterpart	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	75	16	make	make	VERB
ajrhss-2394	75	17	it	it	PRON
ajrhss-2394	75	18	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	75	19	duty	duty	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	75	20	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	75	21	attend.25	attend.25	VERB
ajrhss-2394	75	22	similarly	similarly	ADV
ajrhss-2394	75	23	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	75	24	whenever	whenever	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	75	25	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	75	26	’s	’s	PART
ajrhss-2394	75	27	head	head	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	75	28	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	75	29	state	state	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	75	30	visits	visit	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	75	31	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	75	32	virtually	virtually	ADV
ajrhss-2394	75	33	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	75	34	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	75	35	majority	majority	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	75	36	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	75	37	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	75	38	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	75	39	rulers	ruler	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	75	40	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	75	41	government	government	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	75	42	officials	official	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	75	43	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	75	44	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	75	45	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	75	46	common	common	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	75	47	people	people	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	75	48	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	75	49	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	75	50	side	side	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	75	51	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	75	52	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	75	53	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	75	54	republic	republic	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	75	55	come	come	VERB
ajrhss-2394	75	56	across	across	ADP
ajrhss-2394	75	57	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	75	58	offer	offer	VERB
ajrhss-2394	75	59	support	support	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	75	60	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	75	61	welcoming	welcome	VERB
ajrhss-2394	75	62	him	he	PRON
ajrhss-2394	75	63	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	76	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	76	2	same	same	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	76	3	case	case	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	76	4	applies	apply	VERB
ajrhss-2394	76	5	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	76	6	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	76	7	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	76	8	republic	republic	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	76	9	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	77	1	economic	economic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	77	2	impact	impact	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	77	3	there	there	PRON
ajrhss-2394	77	4	has	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	77	5	been	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	77	6	quite	quite	DET
ajrhss-2394	77	7	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	77	8	number	number	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	77	9	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	77	10	trading	trading	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	77	11	activities	activity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	77	12	between	between	ADP
ajrhss-2394	77	13	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	77	14	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	77	15	republic	republic	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	77	16	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	77	17	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	77	18	people	people	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	77	19	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	77	20	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	77	21	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	77	22	zamfara	zamfara	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	77	23	;	;	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	77	24	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	77	25	instance	instance	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	77	26	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	77	27	trade	trade	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	77	28	routes	route	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	77	29	such	such	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	77	30	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	77	31	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	77	32	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	77	33	gazawa	gazawa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	77	34	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	77	35	tasawa	tasawa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	77	36	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	77	37	tegama	tegama	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	77	38	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	77	39	katsinagazawa	katsinagazawa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	77	40	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	77	41	korogam	korogam	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	77	42	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	77	43	zinder	zinder	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	77	44	continued	continue	VERB
ajrhss-2394	77	45	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	77	46	flourish	flourish	VERB
ajrhss-2394	77	47	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	78	1	throughout	throughout	ADP
ajrhss-2394	78	2	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	78	3	19th	19th	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	78	4	century	century	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	78	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	78	6	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	78	7	abzinawa	abzinawa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	78	8	brought	bring	VERB
ajrhss-2394	78	9	into	into	ADP
ajrhss-2394	78	10	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	78	11	city	city	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	78	12	items	item	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	78	13	like	like	ADP
ajrhss-2394	78	14	salt	salt	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	78	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	78	16	livestock	livestock	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	78	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	78	18	leather	leather	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	78	19	receptacles	receptacle	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	78	20	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	78	21	various	various	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	78	22	kinds	kind	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	78	23	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	78	24	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	78	25	dates	date	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	78	26	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	78	27	amongst	amongst	ADP
ajrhss-2394	78	28	others	other	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	78	29	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	79	1	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	79	2	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	79	3	city	city	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	79	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	79	5	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	79	6	abzinawa	abzinawa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	79	7	went	go	VERB
ajrhss-2394	79	8	back	back	ADV
ajrhss-2394	79	9	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	79	10	commodities	commodity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	79	11	such	such	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	79	12	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	79	13	grains	grain	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	79	14	like	like	ADP
ajrhss-2394	79	15	millet	millet	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	79	16	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	79	17	corn	corn	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	79	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	79	19	locust	locust	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	79	20	beans	bean	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	79	21	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	79	22	groundnuts	groundnut	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	79	23	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	79	24	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	79	25	clothes	clothe	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	79	26	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	79	27	among	among	ADP
ajrhss-2394	79	28	others.26	others.26	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	79	29	other	other	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	79	30	people	people	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	79	31	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	79	32	nigerien	nigerien	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	79	33	origin	origin	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	79	34	inhabiting	inhabit	VERB
ajrhss-2394	79	35	19	19	NUM
ajrhss-2394	79	36	apeldoorn	apeldoorn	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	79	37	g.j	g.j	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	79	38	.	.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	79	39	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	79	40	perspective	perspective	VERB
ajrhss-2394	79	41	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	79	42	drought	drought	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	79	43	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	79	44	famine	famine	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	79	45	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	79	46	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	79	47	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	79	48	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	79	49	london	london	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	79	50	:	:	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	1	george	george	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	2	allen	allen	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	3	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	80	4	unwin	unwin	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	6	1981	1981	NUM
ajrhss-2394	80	7	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	9	63	63	NUM
ajrhss-2394	80	10	.	.	SYM
ajrhss-2394	80	11	20	20	NUM
ajrhss-2394	80	12	m.	m.	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	13	kwaire	kwaire	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	15	“	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	16	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	80	17	history	history	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	18	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	80	19	tuareg	tuareg	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	20	migration	migration	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	21	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	80	22	niger	niger	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	23	republic	republic	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	24	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	80	25	sokoto	sokoto	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	26	metropolis	metropolis	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	27	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	28	1900	1900	NUM
ajrhss-2394	80	29	-1985	-1985	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	30	”	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	31	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	32	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	33	unpublished	unpublished	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	80	34	phd	phd	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	35	thesis	thesis	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	36	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	37	usmanu	usmanu	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	38	danfodiyo	danfodiyo	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	39	university	university	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	40	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	41	sokoto	sokoto	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	42	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	43	2012	2012	NUM
ajrhss-2394	80	44	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	45	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	46	62	62	NUM
ajrhss-2394	80	47	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	48	21	21	NUM
ajrhss-2394	80	49	suleiman	suleiman	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	50	m.d	m.d	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	51	.	.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	52	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	53	“	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	54	towards	towards	ADP
ajrhss-2394	80	55	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	80	56	new	new	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	80	57	social	social	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	80	58	order	order	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	59	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	80	60	kano	kano	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	61	:	:	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	62	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	80	63	re	re	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	64	-	-	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	65	examination	examination	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	66	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	80	67	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	80	68	almajiri	almajiri	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	69	system	system	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	70	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	71	”	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	72	being	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	80	73	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	80	74	paper	paper	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	75	presented	present	VERB
ajrhss-2394	80	76	at	at	ADP
ajrhss-2394	80	77	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	80	78	workshop	workshop	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	79	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	80	80	social	social	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	80	81	policy	policy	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	82	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	83	faculty	faculty	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	84	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	80	85	law	law	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	86	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	87	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	88	bayero	bayero	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	89	university	university	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	90	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	91	kano	kano	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	92	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	93	5	5	NUM
ajrhss-2394	80	94	-	-	SYM
ajrhss-2394	80	95	7	7	NUM
ajrhss-2394	80	96	june	june	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	97	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	98	1989	1989	NUM
ajrhss-2394	80	99	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	100	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	101	10	10	NUM
ajrhss-2394	80	102	.	.	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	103	22	22	NUM
ajrhss-2394	80	104	sa’id	sa’id	NUM
ajrhss-2394	80	105	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	106	m.i	m.i	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	107	.	.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	108	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	109	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	80	110	usman	usman	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	111	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	112	m.t	m.t	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	113	.	.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	114	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	115	“	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	116	persistence	persistence	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	117	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	80	118	bara	bara	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	119	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	80	120	almajirci	almajirci	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	121	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	80	122	some	some	DET
ajrhss-2394	80	123	parts	part	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	124	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	80	125	northern	northern	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	126	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	127	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	80	128	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	80	129	20th	20th	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	80	130	century	century	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	131	:	:	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	132	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	80	133	re	re	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	134	-	-	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	135	examination	examination	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	136	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	80	137	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	80	138	islamic	islamic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	80	139	concept	concept	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	140	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	80	141	social	social	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	80	142	problem	problem	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	143	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	80	144	its	its	PRON
ajrhss-2394	80	145	solution	solution	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	146	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	147	”	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	148	being	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	80	149	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	80	150	paper	paper	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	151	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	80	152	presentation	presentation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	153	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	80	154	islamic	islamic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	80	155	sociology	sociology	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	156	at	at	ADP
ajrhss-2394	80	157	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	80	158	city	city	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	159	campus	campus	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	160	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	161	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	162	usmanu	usmanu	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	163	danfodiyo	danfodiyo	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	164	university	university	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	165	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	166	sokoto	sokoto	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	167	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	80	168	21st	21st	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	80	169	–	–	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	170	24th	24th	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	80	171	march	march	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	172	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	173	1994	1994	NUM
ajrhss-2394	80	174	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	175	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	176	3	3	X
ajrhss-2394	80	177	.	.	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	178	23	23	NUM
ajrhss-2394	80	179	hinjari	hinjari	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	80	180	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	181	w.l	w.l	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	182	.	.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	183	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	184	“	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	185	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	80	186	impact	impact	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	187	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	80	188	an	an	DET
ajrhss-2394	80	189	international	international	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	80	190	boundary	boundary	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	191	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	80	192	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	80	193	social	social	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	80	194	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	80	195	economic	economic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	80	196	relations	relation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	197	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	80	198	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	199	communities	community	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	200	:	:	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	201	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	80	202	case	case	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	203	study	study	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	204	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	80	205	kano	kano	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	206	/	/	SYM
ajrhss-2394	80	207	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	208	states	states	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	209	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	80	210	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	211	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	80	212	niger	niger	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	213	republic	republic	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	214	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	215	”	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	216	asiwaju	asiwaju	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	217	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	218	”	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	219	a.	a.	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	220	i.	i.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	221	&	&	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	80	222	barkindo	barkindo	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	223	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	224	b.	b.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	225	m.	m.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	226	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	227	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	80	228	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	229	niger	niger	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	230	trans	trans	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	231	-	-	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	80	232	border	border	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	80	233	co	co	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	234	-	-	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	235	operation	operation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	236	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	237	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	238	lagos	lago	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	80	239	:	:	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	240	malthouse	malthouse	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	241	press	press	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	242	ltd	ltd	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	80	243	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	244	1993	1993	NUM
ajrhss-2394	80	245	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	80	246	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	81	1	161	161	NUM
ajrhss-2394	81	2	24	24	NUM
ajrhss-2394	81	3	emmanuel	emmanuel	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	81	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	81	5	gregory	gregory	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	81	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	81	7	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	81	8	alhazai	alhazai	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	81	9	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	81	10	maradi	maradi	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	81	11	…	…	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	81	12	25	25	NUM
ajrhss-2394	81	13	m.m	m.m	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	81	14	.	.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	81	15	inuwa	inuwa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	81	16	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	81	17	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	81	18	making	making	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	81	19	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	81	20	colonial	colonial	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	81	21	boundary	boundary	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	81	22	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	81	23	migration	migration	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	81	24	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	81	25	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	81	26	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	81	27	maradi	maradi	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	81	28	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	81	29	region	region	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	81	30	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	81	31	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	81	32	ashafa	ashafa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	81	33	a.m.	a.m.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	81	34	et	et	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	81	35	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	81	36	al	al	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	81	37	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	81	38	readings	reading	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	81	39	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	81	40	postcolonial	postcolonial	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	81	41	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	81	42	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	81	43	economy	economy	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	81	44	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	81	45	west	west	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	81	46	africa	africa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	81	47	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	81	48	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	81	49	fyla	fyla	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	81	50	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	81	51	mak	mak	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	81	52	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	81	53	kaduna	kaduna	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	81	54	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	81	55	2018	2018	NUM
ajrhss-2394	81	56	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	81	57	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	81	58	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	81	59	56	56	NUM
ajrhss-2394	81	60	.	.	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	81	61	26	26	NUM
ajrhss-2394	81	62	sani	sani	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	81	63	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	81	64	a.b	a.b	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	81	65	.	.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	81	66	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	81	67	“	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	81	68	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	81	69	mercantile	mercantile	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	81	70	landscape	landscape	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	81	71	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	81	72	northern	northern	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	81	73	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	81	74	emirate	emirate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	81	75	1865	1865	NUM
ajrhss-2394	81	76	-	-	SYM
ajrhss-2394	81	77	1954	1954	NUM
ajrhss-2394	81	78	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	81	79	”	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	81	80	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	81	81	unpublished	unpublished	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	81	82	phd	phd	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	81	83	thesis	thesis	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	81	84	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	81	85	bayero	bayero	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	81	86	university	university	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	81	87	kano	kano	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	81	88	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	81	89	2004),69	2004),69	NUM
ajrhss-2394	81	90	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	82	1	american	american	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	82	2	journal	journal	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	82	3	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	82	4	research	research	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	82	5	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	82	6	humanities	humanity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	82	7	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	82	8	social	social	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	82	9	sciences	science	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	82	10	volume	volume	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	82	11	29	29	NUM
ajrhss-2394	82	12	october	october	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	82	13	2024	2024	NUM
ajrhss-2394	82	14	p	p	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	82	15	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	82	16	g	g	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	82	17	e	e	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	83	1	|	|	ADV
ajrhss-2394	83	2	133	133	NUM
ajrhss-2394	83	3	www.americanjournal.org	www.americanjournal.org	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	83	4	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	83	5	city	city	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	83	6	were	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	83	7	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	83	8	people	people	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	83	9	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	83	10	agadez	agadez	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	83	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	83	12	who	who	PRON
ajrhss-2394	83	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	83	14	according	accord	VERB
ajrhss-2394	83	15	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	83	16	sani	sani	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	83	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	83	18	populated	populated	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	83	19	kofar	kofar	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	83	20	guga	guga	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	83	21	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	83	22	sararin	sararin	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	83	23	tsako	tsako	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	83	24	wards	ward	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	83	25	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	83	26	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	83	27	19th	19th	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	83	28	century.27	century.27	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	83	29	according	accord	VERB
ajrhss-2394	83	30	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	83	31	him	he	PRON
ajrhss-2394	83	32	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	83	33	sararin	sararin	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	83	34	tsako	tsako	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	83	35	was	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	83	36	named	name	VERB
ajrhss-2394	83	37	after	after	ADP
ajrhss-2394	83	38	one	one	NUM
ajrhss-2394	83	39	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	83	40	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	83	41	kings	king	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	83	42	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	83	43	agadez	agadez	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	83	44	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	83	45	who	who	PRON
ajrhss-2394	83	46	was	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	83	47	called	call	VERB
ajrhss-2394	83	48	tsako.28	tsako.28	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	83	49	during	during	ADP
ajrhss-2394	83	50	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	83	51	same	same	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	83	52	period	period	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	83	53	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	83	54	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	83	55	king	king	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	83	56	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	83	57	agadez	agadez	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	83	58	also	also	ADV
ajrhss-2394	83	59	had	have	VERB
ajrhss-2394	83	60	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	83	61	permanent	permanent	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	83	62	consul	consul	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	83	63	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	83	64	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	83	65	city	city	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	83	66	called	call	VERB
ajrhss-2394	83	67	sarkin	sarkin	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	83	68	turawa	turawa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	83	69	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	83	70	who	who	PRON
ajrhss-2394	83	71	oversaw	oversee	VERB
ajrhss-2394	83	72	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	83	73	business	business	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	83	74	activities	activity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	83	75	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	83	76	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	83	77	abzin	abzin	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	83	78	people	people	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	83	79	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	84	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	84	2	sarkin	sarkin	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	84	3	turawa	turawa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	84	4	connotes	connote	VERB
ajrhss-2394	84	5	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	84	6	leader	leader	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	84	7	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	84	8	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	84	9	tuaregs	tuareg	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	84	10	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	84	11	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	84	12	city	city	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	84	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	84	14	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	84	15	he	he	PRON
ajrhss-2394	84	16	hosted	host	VERB
ajrhss-2394	84	17	not	not	PART
ajrhss-2394	84	18	only	only	ADV
ajrhss-2394	84	19	merchants	merchant	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	84	20	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	84	21	agadez	agadez	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	84	22	but	but	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	84	23	other	other	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	84	24	parts	part	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	84	25	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	84	26	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	84	27	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	85	1	merchants	merchant	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	85	2	who	who	PRON
ajrhss-2394	85	3	came	come	VERB
ajrhss-2394	85	4	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	85	5	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	85	6	city	city	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	85	7	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	85	8	abzin	abzin	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	85	9	were	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	85	10	also	also	ADV
ajrhss-2394	85	11	lodged	lodge	VERB
ajrhss-2394	85	12	by	by	ADP
ajrhss-2394	85	13	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	85	14	sarkin	sarkin	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	85	15	turawa	turawa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	85	16	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	85	17	who	who	PRON
ajrhss-2394	85	18	at	at	ADP
ajrhss-2394	85	19	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	85	20	same	same	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	85	21	time	time	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	85	22	found	find	VERB
ajrhss-2394	85	23	markets	market	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	85	24	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	85	25	their	their	PRON
ajrhss-2394	85	26	commodities	commodity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	85	27	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	85	28	especially	especially	ADV
ajrhss-2394	85	29	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	85	30	different	different	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	85	31	parts	part	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	85	32	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	85	33	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	85	34	city	city	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	85	35	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	86	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	86	2	sarkin	sarkin	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	86	3	turawa	turawa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	86	4	also	also	ADV
ajrhss-2394	86	5	acted	act	VERB
ajrhss-2394	86	6	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	86	7	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	86	8	middleman	middleman	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	86	9	whenever	whenever	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	86	10	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	86	11	abzin	abzin	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	86	12	merchants	merchant	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	86	13	wanted	want	VERB
ajrhss-2394	86	14	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	86	15	purchase	purchase	VERB
ajrhss-2394	86	16	any	any	DET
ajrhss-2394	86	17	commodity	commodity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	86	18	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	86	19	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	86	20	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	87	1	also	also	ADV
ajrhss-2394	87	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	87	3	there	there	PRON
ajrhss-2394	87	4	is	be	VERB
ajrhss-2394	87	5	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	87	6	huge	huge	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	87	7	hausa	hausa	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	87	8	community	community	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	87	9	/	/	SYM
ajrhss-2394	87	10	population	population	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	87	11	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	87	12	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	87	13	republic	republic	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	87	14	as	as	ADV
ajrhss-2394	87	15	well	well	ADV
ajrhss-2394	87	16	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	87	17	fulani	fulani	X
ajrhss-2394	87	18	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	88	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	88	2	migration	migration	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	88	3	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	88	4	indigenes	indigene	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	88	5	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	88	6	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	88	7	did	do	AUX
ajrhss-2394	88	8	not	not	PART
ajrhss-2394	88	9	cease	cease	VERB
ajrhss-2394	88	10	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	88	11	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	88	12	colonial	colonial	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	88	13	conquest	conquest	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	88	14	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	88	15	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	88	16	20th	20th	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	88	17	century	century	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	88	18	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	89	1	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	89	2	colonial	colonial	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	89	3	report	report	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	89	4	put	put	VERB
ajrhss-2394	89	5	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	89	6	total	total	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	89	7	figure	figure	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	89	8	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	89	9	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	89	10	people	people	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	89	11	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	89	12	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	89	13	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	89	14	9,757	9,757	NUM
ajrhss-2394	89	15	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	89	16	1945.29	1945.29	NUM
ajrhss-2394	89	17	people	people	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	89	18	like	like	ADP
ajrhss-2394	89	19	alhaji	alhaji	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	89	20	musa	musa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	89	21	claimed	claim	VERB
ajrhss-2394	89	22	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	89	23	have	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	89	24	been	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	89	25	one	one	NUM
ajrhss-2394	89	26	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	89	27	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	89	28	earliest	early	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	89	29	arrivals	arrival	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	89	30	during	during	ADP
ajrhss-2394	89	31	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	89	32	colonial	colonial	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	89	33	era	era	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	89	34	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	90	1	he	he	PRON
ajrhss-2394	90	2	pioneered	pioneer	VERB
ajrhss-2394	90	3	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	90	4	establishment	establishment	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	90	5	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	90	6	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	90	7	local	local	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	90	8	bakery	bakery	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	90	9	industry	industry	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	90	10	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	90	11	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	90	12	late	late	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	90	13	1940s	1940	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	90	14	at	at	ADP
ajrhss-2394	90	15	galadunchi	galadunchi	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	90	16	ward	ward	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	90	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	90	18	followed	follow	VERB
ajrhss-2394	90	19	by	by	ADP
ajrhss-2394	90	20	alhaji	alhaji	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	90	21	mamman	mamman	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	90	22	at	at	ADP
ajrhss-2394	90	23	sabon	sabon	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	90	24	layi	layi	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	90	25	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	90	26	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	90	27	northern	northern	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	90	28	part	part	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	90	29	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	90	30	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	90	31	metropolis.30	metropolis.30	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	90	32	after	after	ADP
ajrhss-2394	90	33	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	90	34	’s	’s	PART
ajrhss-2394	90	35	independence	independence	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	90	36	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	90	37	especially	especially	ADV
ajrhss-2394	90	38	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	90	39	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	90	40	1970s	1970	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	90	41	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	90	42	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	90	43	nigeriens	nigerien	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	90	44	were	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	90	45	again	again	ADV
ajrhss-2394	90	46	pushed	push	VERB
ajrhss-2394	90	47	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	90	48	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	90	49	due	due	ADP
ajrhss-2394	90	50	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	90	51	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	90	52	sahelian	sahelian	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	90	53	drought	drought	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	90	54	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	90	55	famine	famine	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	90	56	that	that	PRON
ajrhss-2394	90	57	had	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	90	58	devastated	devastate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	90	59	their	their	PRON
ajrhss-2394	90	60	social	social	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	90	61	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	90	62	economic	economic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	90	63	lives	life	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	90	64	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	91	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	91	2	migrants	migrant	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	91	3	abandoned	abandon	VERB
ajrhss-2394	91	4	their	their	PRON
ajrhss-2394	91	5	villages	village	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	91	6	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	91	7	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	91	8	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	91	9	moved	move	VERB
ajrhss-2394	91	10	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	91	11	large	large	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	91	12	numbers	number	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	91	13	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	91	14	some	some	PRON
ajrhss-2394	91	15	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	91	16	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	91	17	major	major	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	91	18	cities	city	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	91	19	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	91	20	northern	northern	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	91	21	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	91	22	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	91	23	including	include	VERB
ajrhss-2394	91	24	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	91	25	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	91	26	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	91	27	order	order	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	91	28	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	91	29	find	find	VERB
ajrhss-2394	91	30	means	mean	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	91	31	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	91	32	livelihood.31	livelihood.31	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	91	33	as	as	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	91	34	pointed	point	VERB
ajrhss-2394	91	35	out	out	ADP
ajrhss-2394	91	36	by	by	ADP
ajrhss-2394	91	37	kwaire	kwaire	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	91	38	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	91	39	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	91	40	large	large	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	91	41	number	number	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	91	42	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	91	43	nigerien	nigerien	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	91	44	tuaregs	tuareg	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	91	45	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	91	46	both	both	DET
ajrhss-2394	91	47	pastoralists	pastoralist	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	91	48	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	91	49	sedentary	sedentary	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	91	50	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	91	51	moved	move	VERB
ajrhss-2394	91	52	out	out	ADP
ajrhss-2394	91	53	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	91	54	earn	earn	VERB
ajrhss-2394	91	55	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	91	56	means	means	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	91	57	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	91	58	livelihood.32	livelihood.32	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	91	59	according	accord	VERB
ajrhss-2394	91	60	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	91	61	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	91	62	1963	1963	NUM
ajrhss-2394	91	63	census	census	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	91	64	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	91	65	there	there	PRON
ajrhss-2394	91	66	were	be	VERB
ajrhss-2394	91	67	about	about	ADV
ajrhss-2394	91	68	1,122	1,122	NUM
ajrhss-2394	91	69	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	91	70	republic	republic	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	91	71	people	people	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	91	72	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	91	73	katsina.33	katsina.33	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	91	74	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	91	75	by	by	ADP
ajrhss-2394	91	76	1972	1972	NUM
ajrhss-2394	91	77	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	91	78	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	91	79	number	number	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	91	80	had	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	91	81	risen	rise	VERB
ajrhss-2394	91	82	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	91	83	about	about	ADV
ajrhss-2394	91	84	14,903.34	14,903.34	NUM
ajrhss-2394	91	85	however	however	ADV
ajrhss-2394	91	86	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	91	87	after	after	ADP
ajrhss-2394	91	88	realizing	realize	VERB
ajrhss-2394	91	89	that	that	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	91	90	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	91	91	was	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	91	92	equally	equally	ADV
ajrhss-2394	91	93	affected	affect	VERB
ajrhss-2394	91	94	by	by	ADP
ajrhss-2394	91	95	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	91	96	drought	drought	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	91	97	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	91	98	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	91	99	large	large	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	91	100	number	number	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	91	101	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	91	102	nigeriens	nigerien	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	91	103	moved	move	VERB
ajrhss-2394	91	104	further	far	ADV
ajrhss-2394	91	105	south	south	ADV
ajrhss-2394	91	106	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	91	107	such	such	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	91	108	areas	area	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	91	109	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	91	110	funtua	funtua	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	91	111	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	91	112	malumfashi	malumfashi	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	91	113	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	91	114	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	91	115	kankara	kankara	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	91	116	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	91	117	where	where	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	91	118	conditions	condition	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	91	119	were	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	91	120	more	more	ADV
ajrhss-2394	91	121	favorable	favorable	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	91	122	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	92	1	also	also	ADV
ajrhss-2394	92	2	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	92	3	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	92	4	terrain	terrain	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	92	5	were	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	92	6	almajirai	almajirai	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	92	7	between	between	ADP
ajrhss-2394	92	8	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	92	9	ages	age	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	92	10	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	92	11	4	4	NUM
ajrhss-2394	92	12	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	92	13	15	15	NUM
ajrhss-2394	92	14	who	who	PRON
ajrhss-2394	92	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	92	16	due	due	ADP
ajrhss-2394	92	17	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	92	18	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	92	19	increasing	increase	VERB
ajrhss-2394	92	20	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	92	21	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	92	22	parents	parent	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	92	23	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	92	24	feed	feed	VERB
ajrhss-2394	92	25	their	their	PRON
ajrhss-2394	92	26	households	household	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	92	27	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	92	28	were	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	92	29	attached	attach	VERB
ajrhss-2394	92	30	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	92	31	itinerant	itinerant	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	92	32	ulama	ulama	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	92	33	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	92	34	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	92	35	name	name	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	92	36	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	92	37	islamic	islamic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	92	38	scholarship.35	scholarship.35	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	92	39	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	92	40	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	92	41	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	92	42	almajirci	almajirci	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	92	43	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	92	44	more	more	ADV
ajrhss-2394	92	45	pronounced	pronounced	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	92	46	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	92	47	urban	urban	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	92	48	centers	center	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	92	49	as	as	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	92	50	they	they	PRON
ajrhss-2394	92	51	constitute	constitute	VERB
ajrhss-2394	92	52	better	well	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	92	53	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	92	54	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	92	55	social	social	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	92	56	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	92	57	economic	economic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	92	58	activities.36	activities.36	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	92	59	regrettably	regrettably	ADV
ajrhss-2394	92	60	enough	enough	ADV
ajrhss-2394	92	61	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	92	62	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	92	63	children	child	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	92	64	who	who	PRON
ajrhss-2394	92	65	looked	look	VERB
ajrhss-2394	92	66	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	92	67	food	food	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	92	68	were	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	92	69	commonly	commonly	ADV
ajrhss-2394	92	70	found	find	VERB
ajrhss-2394	92	71	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	92	72	hotels	hotel	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	92	73	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	92	74	restaurants	restaurant	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	92	75	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	92	76	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	92	77	public	public	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	92	78	places	place	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	92	79	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	92	80	as	as	ADV
ajrhss-2394	92	81	well	well	ADV
ajrhss-2394	92	82	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	92	83	begging	beg	VERB
ajrhss-2394	92	84	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	92	85	peoples	people	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	92	86	’	'	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	92	87	houses	house	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	92	88	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	93	1	large	large	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	93	2	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	93	3	scale	scale	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	93	4	migration	migration	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	93	5	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	93	6	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	93	7	nationals	national	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	93	8	became	become	VERB
ajrhss-2394	93	9	intensified	intensify	VERB
ajrhss-2394	93	10	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	93	11	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	93	12	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	93	13	metropolis	metropolis	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	93	14	after	after	ADP
ajrhss-2394	93	15	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	93	16	creation	creation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	93	17	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	93	18	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	93	19	state	state	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	93	20	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	93	21	1987	1987	NUM
ajrhss-2394	93	22	due	due	ADP
ajrhss-2394	93	23	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	93	24	growing	grow	VERB
ajrhss-2394	93	25	economic	economic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	93	26	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	93	27	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	94	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	94	2	hospitable	hospitable	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	94	3	attitude	attitude	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	94	4	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	94	5	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	94	6	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	94	7	people	people	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	94	8	enabled	enable	VERB
ajrhss-2394	94	9	many	many	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	94	10	nigeriens	nigerien	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	94	11	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	94	12	settle	settle	VERB
ajrhss-2394	94	13	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	94	14	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	94	15	permanent	permanent	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	94	16	basis	basis	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	94	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	94	18	where	where	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	94	19	they	they	PRON
ajrhss-2394	94	20	secured	secure	VERB
ajrhss-2394	94	21	houses	house	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	94	22	within	within	ADP
ajrhss-2394	94	23	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	94	24	city	city	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	94	25	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	94	26	outside	outside	ADP
ajrhss-2394	94	27	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	94	28	metropolis	metropolis	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	94	29	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	95	1	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	95	2	fact	fact	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	95	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	95	4	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	95	5	ward	ward	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	95	6	within	within	ADP
ajrhss-2394	95	7	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	95	8	metropolis	metropolis	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	95	9	was	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	95	10	named	name	VERB
ajrhss-2394	95	11	after	after	ADP
ajrhss-2394	95	12	some	some	PRON
ajrhss-2394	95	13	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	95	14	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	95	15	earliest	early	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	95	16	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	95	17	republic	republic	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	95	18	settlers	settler	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	95	19	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	95	20	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	95	21	area	area	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	95	22	called	call	VERB
ajrhss-2394	95	23	gobirawa	gobirawa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	95	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	95	25	though	though	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	95	26	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	95	27	people	people	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	95	28	also	also	ADV
ajrhss-2394	95	29	reside	reside	VERB
ajrhss-2394	95	30	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	95	31	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	95	32	area	area	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	95	33	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	96	1	interestingly	interestingly	ADV
ajrhss-2394	96	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	96	3	mallam	mallam	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	96	4	usman	usman	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	96	5	dan	dan	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	96	6	mada	mada	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	96	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	96	8	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	96	9	bagobiri	bagobiri	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	96	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	96	11	was	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	96	12	appointed	appoint	VERB
ajrhss-2394	96	13	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	96	14	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	96	15	ward	ward	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	96	16	head	head	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	96	17	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	96	18	27	27	NUM
ajrhss-2394	96	19	sani	sani	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	96	20	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	96	21	a.b	a.b	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	96	22	.	.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	96	23	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	96	24	“	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	96	25	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	96	26	mercantile	mercantile	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	96	27	landscape	landscape	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	96	28	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	96	29	northern	northern	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	96	30	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	96	31	emirate	emirate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	96	32	28	28	NUM
ajrhss-2394	96	33	sani	sani	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	96	34	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	96	35	a.b	a.b	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	96	36	.	.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	96	37	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	96	38	“	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	96	39	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	96	40	mercantile	mercantile	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	96	41	landscape	landscape	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	96	42	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	96	43	northern	northern	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	96	44	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	96	45	emirate	emirate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	96	46	…	…	SYM
ajrhss-2394	96	47	.68	.68	NUM
ajrhss-2394	96	48	29	29	NUM
ajrhss-2394	96	49	kshcb/346	kshcb/346	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	96	50	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	96	51	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	96	52	emirate	emirate	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	96	53	:	:	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	96	54	description	description	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	96	55	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	96	56	historical	historical	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	96	57	notes	note	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	96	58	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	96	59	…	…	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	96	60	30	30	NUM
ajrhss-2394	96	61	alhaji	alhaji	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	96	62	musa	musa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	96	63	maibiredi	maibiredi	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	96	64	…	…	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	96	65	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	97	1	31	31	NUM
ajrhss-2394	97	2	apeldoorn	apeldoorn	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	97	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	97	4	g.j	g.j	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	97	5	.	.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	97	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	97	7	perspective	perspective	VERB
ajrhss-2394	97	8	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	97	9	drought	drought	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	97	10	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	97	11	famine	famine	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	97	12	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	97	13	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	97	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	97	15	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	97	16	london	london	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	97	17	:	:	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	97	18	george	george	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	97	19	allen	allen	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	97	20	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	97	21	unwin	unwin	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	97	22	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	97	23	1981	1981	NUM
ajrhss-2394	97	24	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	97	25	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	97	26	63	63	NUM
ajrhss-2394	97	27	32	32	NUM
ajrhss-2394	97	28	kwaire	kwaire	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	97	29	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	97	30	m.	m.	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	97	31	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	97	32	“	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	97	33	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	97	34	history	history	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	97	35	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	97	36	tuareg	tuareg	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	97	37	…	…	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	97	38	33	33	NUM
ajrhss-2394	97	39	north	north	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	97	40	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	97	41	central	central	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	97	42	state	state	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	97	43	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	97	44	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	97	45	statistical	statistical	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	97	46	year	year	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	97	47	book	book	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	97	48	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	97	49	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	97	50	1969	1969	NUM
ajrhss-2394	97	51	:	:	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	97	52	16	16	NUM
ajrhss-2394	97	53	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	97	54	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	97	55	34	34	NUM
ajrhss-2394	97	56	north	north	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	97	57	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	97	58	central	central	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	97	59	state	state	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	97	60	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	97	61	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	97	62	statistical	statistical	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	97	63	year	year	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	97	64	book	book	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	97	65	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	97	66	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	97	67	1972	1972	NUM
ajrhss-2394	97	68	:	:	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	97	69	17	17	NUM
ajrhss-2394	97	70	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	97	71	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	98	1	35	35	NUM
ajrhss-2394	98	2	suleiman	suleiman	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	98	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	98	4	m.d	m.d	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	98	5	.	.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	98	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	98	7	“	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	98	8	towards	towards	ADP
ajrhss-2394	98	9	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	98	10	new	new	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	98	11	social	social	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	98	12	order	order	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	98	13	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	98	14	kano	kano	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	98	15	:	:	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	98	16	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	98	17	re	re	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	98	18	-	-	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	98	19	examination	examination	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	98	20	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	98	21	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	98	22	almajiri	almajiri	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	98	23	system	system	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	98	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	98	25	”	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	98	26	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	98	27	being	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	98	28	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	98	29	paper	paper	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	98	30	presented	present	VERB
ajrhss-2394	98	31	at	at	ADP
ajrhss-2394	98	32	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	98	33	workshop	workshop	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	98	34	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	98	35	social	social	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	98	36	policy	policy	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	98	37	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	98	38	faculty	faculty	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	98	39	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	98	40	law	law	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	98	41	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	98	42	bayero	bayero	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	98	43	university	university	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	98	44	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	98	45	kano	kano	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	98	46	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	98	47	5	5	NUM
ajrhss-2394	98	48	-	-	SYM
ajrhss-2394	98	49	7	7	NUM
ajrhss-2394	98	50	june	june	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	98	51	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	98	52	1989	1989	NUM
ajrhss-2394	98	53	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	98	54	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	98	55	10	10	NUM
ajrhss-2394	98	56	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	98	57	36	36	NUM
ajrhss-2394	98	58	sa’id	sa’id	NUM
ajrhss-2394	98	59	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	98	60	m.i	m.i	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	98	61	.	.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	98	62	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	98	63	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	98	64	usman	usman	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	98	65	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	98	66	m.t	m.t	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	98	67	.	.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	98	68	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	98	69	“	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	98	70	persistence	persistence	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	98	71	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	98	72	bara	bara	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	98	73	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	98	74	almajirci	almajirci	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	98	75	…	…	SYM
ajrhss-2394	98	76	3	3	X
ajrhss-2394	98	77	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	98	78	american	american	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	98	79	journal	journal	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	98	80	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	98	81	research	research	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	98	82	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	98	83	humanities	humanity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	98	84	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	98	85	social	social	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	98	86	sciences	science	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	98	87	volume	volume	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	98	88	29	29	NUM
ajrhss-2394	98	89	october	october	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	98	90	2024	2024	NUM
ajrhss-2394	98	91	p	p	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	98	92	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	98	93	g	g	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	98	94	e	e	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	98	95	|	|	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	98	96	134	134	NUM
ajrhss-2394	98	97	www.americanjournal.org	www.americanjournal.org	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	98	98	gobirawa.37	gobirawa.37	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	98	99	however	however	ADV
ajrhss-2394	98	100	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	98	101	some	some	PRON
ajrhss-2394	98	102	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	98	103	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	98	104	nigeriens	nigerien	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	98	105	come	come	VERB
ajrhss-2394	98	106	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	98	107	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	98	108	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	98	109	metropolis	metropolis	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	98	110	only	only	ADV
ajrhss-2394	98	111	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	98	112	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	98	113	seasonal	seasonal	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	98	114	basis	basis	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	98	115	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	98	116	engage	engage	VERB
ajrhss-2394	98	117	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	98	118	various	various	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	98	119	menial	menial	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	98	120	jobs	job	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	98	121	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	98	122	petty	petty	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	98	123	trading	trading	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	98	124	activities	activity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	98	125	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	99	1	during	during	ADP
ajrhss-2394	99	2	rain	rain	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	99	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	99	4	they	they	PRON
ajrhss-2394	99	5	will	will	AUX
ajrhss-2394	99	6	go	go	VERB
ajrhss-2394	99	7	back	back	ADV
ajrhss-2394	99	8	home	home	ADV
ajrhss-2394	99	9	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	99	10	participate	participate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	99	11	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	99	12	farming	farming	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	99	13	activities	activity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	99	14	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	100	1	some	some	DET
ajrhss-2394	100	2	prominent	prominent	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	100	3	nigerien	nigerien	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	100	4	businessmen	businessman	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	100	5	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	100	6	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	100	7	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	100	8	metropolis	metropolis	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	100	9	include	include	VERB
ajrhss-2394	100	10	alhaji	alhaji	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	100	11	badaru	badaru	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	100	12	yanshuni	yanshuni	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	100	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	100	14	alhaji	alhaji	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	100	15	abdulbaki	abdulbaki	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	100	16	hamza	hamza	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	100	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	100	18	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	100	19	imamu	imamu	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	100	20	badaru	badaru	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	100	21	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	100	22	who	who	PRON
ajrhss-2394	100	23	own	own	VERB
ajrhss-2394	100	24	stalls	stall	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	100	25	at	at	ADP
ajrhss-2394	100	26	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	100	27	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	100	28	central	central	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	100	29	market	market	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	100	30	selling	sell	VERB
ajrhss-2394	100	31	provisions	provision	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	100	32	without	without	ADP
ajrhss-2394	100	33	any	any	DET
ajrhss-2394	100	34	bias	bias	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	100	35	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	101	1	other	other	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	101	2	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	101	3	businessmen	businessman	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	101	4	are	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	101	5	alhaji	alhaji	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	101	6	ashiru	ashiru	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	101	7	tankuri	tankuri	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	101	8	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	101	9	alhaji	alhaji	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	101	10	sagir	sagir	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	101	11	umar.38	umar.38	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	101	12	however	however	ADV
ajrhss-2394	101	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	101	14	apart	apart	ADV
ajrhss-2394	101	15	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	101	16	buying	buy	VERB
ajrhss-2394	101	17	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	101	18	selling	selling	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	101	19	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	101	20	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	101	21	central	central	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	101	22	market	market	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	101	23	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	101	24	other	other	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	101	25	parts	part	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	101	26	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	101	27	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	101	28	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	101	29	metropolis	metropolis	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	101	30	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	101	31	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	101	32	nigerien	nigerien	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	101	33	nationals	national	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	101	34	have	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	101	35	also	also	ADV
ajrhss-2394	101	36	been	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	101	37	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	101	38	most	most	ADV
ajrhss-2394	101	39	dominant	dominant	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	101	40	water	water	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	101	41	vendors	vendor	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	101	42	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	102	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	102	2	development	development	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	102	3	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	102	4	this	this	DET
ajrhss-2394	102	5	type	type	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	102	6	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	102	7	business	business	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	102	8	was	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	102	9	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	102	10	result	result	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	102	11	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	102	12	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	102	13	government	government	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	102	14	's	's	PART
ajrhss-2394	102	15	inability	inability	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	102	16	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	102	17	provide	provide	VERB
ajrhss-2394	102	18	adequate	adequate	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	102	19	water	water	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	102	20	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	102	21	households	household	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	102	22	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	102	23	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	102	24	metropolis	metropolis	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	102	25	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	103	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	103	2	niger	niger	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	103	3	nationals	national	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	103	4	conduct	conduct	VERB
ajrhss-2394	103	5	this	this	DET
ajrhss-2394	103	6	water	water	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	103	7	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	103	8	selling	sell	VERB
ajrhss-2394	103	9	business	business	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	103	10	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	103	11	two	two	NUM
ajrhss-2394	103	12	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	103	13	wheeler	wheeler	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	103	14	carts	cart	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	103	15	loaded	load	VERB
ajrhss-2394	103	16	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	103	17	25	25	NUM
ajrhss-2394	103	18	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	103	19	litre	litre	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	103	20	jerry	jerry	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	103	21	cans	can	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	103	22	hawking	hawk	VERB
ajrhss-2394	103	23	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	103	24	every	every	DET
ajrhss-2394	103	25	nook	nook	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	103	26	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	103	27	cranny	cranny	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	103	28	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	103	29	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	103	30	metropolis	metropolis	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	103	31	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	104	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	104	2	selling	selling	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	104	3	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	104	4	water	water	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	104	5	by	by	ADP
ajrhss-2394	104	6	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	104	7	nigeriens	nigerien	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	104	8	has	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	104	9	indeed	indeed	ADV
ajrhss-2394	104	10	been	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	104	11	an	an	DET
ajrhss-2394	104	12	important	important	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	104	13	factor	factor	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	104	14	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	104	15	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	104	16	interaction	interaction	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	104	17	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	104	18	katsinawa	katsinawa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	104	19	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	105	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
ajrhss-2394	105	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	105	3	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	105	4	benefits	benefit	VERB
ajrhss-2394	105	5	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	105	6	lot	lot	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	105	7	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	105	8	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	105	9	livestock	livestock	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	105	10	produced	produce	VERB
ajrhss-2394	105	11	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	105	12	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	105	13	republic	republic	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	105	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	105	15	such	such	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	105	16	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	105	17	cattle	cattle	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	105	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	105	19	sheep	sheep	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	105	20	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	105	21	goats	goat	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	105	22	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	105	23	horses	horse	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	105	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	105	25	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	105	26	camels	camel	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	105	27	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	105	28	among	among	ADP
ajrhss-2394	105	29	others	other	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	105	30	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	105	31	that	that	PRON
ajrhss-2394	105	32	are	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	105	33	almost	almost	ADV
ajrhss-2394	105	34	daily	daily	ADV
ajrhss-2394	105	35	driven	drive	VERB
ajrhss-2394	105	36	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	105	37	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	105	38	neighboring	neighbor	VERB
ajrhss-2394	105	39	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	105	40	communities	community	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	105	41	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	105	42	consumption	consumption	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	105	43	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	105	44	resale	resale	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	105	45	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	105	46	other	other	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	105	47	parts	part	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	105	48	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	105	49	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	105	50	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	106	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	106	2	livestock	livestock	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	106	3	owners	owner	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	106	4	also	also	ADV
ajrhss-2394	106	5	come	come	VERB
ajrhss-2394	106	6	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	106	7	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	106	8	territory	territory	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	106	9	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	106	10	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	106	11	livestock	livestock	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	106	12	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	106	13	grazing	grazing	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	106	14	purposes	purpose	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	106	15	because	because	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	106	16	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	106	17	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	106	18	availability	availability	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	106	19	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	106	20	grassland	grassland	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	106	21	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	106	22	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	106	23	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	106	24	republic	republic	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	106	25	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	107	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
ajrhss-2394	107	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	107	3	economic	economic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	107	4	activities	activity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	107	5	have	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	107	6	been	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	107	7	important	important	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	107	8	areas	area	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	107	9	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	107	10	linkages	linkage	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	107	11	between	between	ADP
ajrhss-2394	107	12	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	107	13	people	people	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	107	14	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	107	15	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	107	16	emirate	emirate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	107	17	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	107	18	those	those	PRON
ajrhss-2394	107	19	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	107	20	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	107	21	republic	republic	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	107	22	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	108	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	108	2	natural	natural	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	108	3	resources	resource	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	108	4	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	108	5	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	108	6	two	two	NUM
ajrhss-2394	108	7	areas	area	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	108	8	were	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	108	9	virtually	virtually	ADV
ajrhss-2394	108	10	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	108	11	same	same	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	108	12	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	109	1	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	109	2	instance	instance	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	109	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	109	4	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	109	5	major	major	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	109	6	crops	crop	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	109	7	grown	grow	VERB
ajrhss-2394	109	8	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	109	9	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	109	10	two	two	NUM
ajrhss-2394	109	11	areas	area	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	109	12	include	include	VERB
ajrhss-2394	109	13	cotton	cotton	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	109	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	109	15	millet	millet	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	109	16	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	109	17	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	109	18	groundnut	groundnut	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	109	19	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	109	20	among	among	ADP
ajrhss-2394	109	21	others	other	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	109	22	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	110	1	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	110	2	such	such	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	110	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	110	4	agriculture	agriculture	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	110	5	has	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	110	6	been	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	110	7	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	110	8	dominant	dominant	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	110	9	economic	economic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	110	10	activity	activity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	110	11	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	110	12	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	110	13	people	people	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	110	14	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	110	15	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	110	16	two	two	NUM
ajrhss-2394	110	17	regions	region	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	110	18	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	111	1	politically	politically	ADV
ajrhss-2394	111	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	111	3	relations	relation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	111	4	between	between	ADP
ajrhss-2394	111	5	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	111	6	indigenes	indigene	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	111	7	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	111	8	niger	niger	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	111	9	republic	republic	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	111	10	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	111	11	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	111	12	can	can	AUX
ajrhss-2394	111	13	be	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	111	14	traced	trace	VERB
ajrhss-2394	111	15	back	back	ADV
ajrhss-2394	111	16	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	111	17	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	111	18	very	very	ADV
ajrhss-2394	111	19	long	long	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	111	20	period	period	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	111	21	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	111	22	time	time	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	111	23	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	112	1	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	112	2	instance	instance	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	112	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	112	4	by	by	ADP
ajrhss-2394	112	5	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	112	6	16th	16th	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	112	7	century	century	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	112	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	112	9	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	112	10	hausa	hausa	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	112	11	state	state	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	112	12	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	112	13	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	112	14	had	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	112	15	extended	extend	VERB
ajrhss-2394	112	16	its	its	PRON
ajrhss-2394	112	17	political	political	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	112	18	control	control	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	112	19	at	at	ADP
ajrhss-2394	112	20	tassawa	tassawa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	112	21	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	112	22	gazawa	gazawa	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	112	23	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	112	24	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	112	25	kanem	kanem	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	112	26	bakashe	bakashe	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	112	27	up	up	ADP
ajrhss-2394	112	28	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	112	29	maradi	maradi	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	112	30	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	112	31	which	which	PRON
ajrhss-2394	112	32	are	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	112	33	all	all	PRON
ajrhss-2394	112	34	today	today	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	112	35	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	112	36	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	112	37	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	112	38	republic	republic	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	112	39	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	113	1	an	an	DET
ajrhss-2394	113	2	important	important	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	113	3	town	town	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	113	4	that	that	PRON
ajrhss-2394	113	5	served	serve	VERB
ajrhss-2394	113	6	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	113	7	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	113	8	connecting	connect	VERB
ajrhss-2394	113	9	bridge	bridge	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	113	10	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	113	11	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	113	12	zamfara	zamfara	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	113	13	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	113	14	maradi	maradi	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	113	15	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	113	16	jibiya	jibiya	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	113	17	axis	axis	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	113	18	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	113	19	kaura	kaura	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	113	20	namoda	namoda	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	113	21	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	113	22	zamfara	zamfara	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	113	23	state	state	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	113	24	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	114	1	kaura	kaura	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	114	2	namoda	namoda	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	114	3	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	114	4	located	locate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	114	5	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	114	6	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	114	7	gagare	gagare	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	114	8	river	river	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	114	9	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	114	10	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	114	11	tributary	tributary	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	114	12	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	114	13	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	114	14	rima	rima	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	114	15	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	114	16	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	115	1	it	it	PRON
ajrhss-2394	115	2	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	115	3	also	also	ADV
ajrhss-2394	115	4	located	locate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	115	5	along	along	ADP
ajrhss-2394	115	6	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	115	7	railway	railway	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	115	8	line	line	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	115	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	115	10	which	which	PRON
ajrhss-2394	115	11	led	lead	VERB
ajrhss-2394	115	12	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	115	13	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	115	14	population	population	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	115	15	increase	increase	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	115	16	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	115	17	an	an	DET
ajrhss-2394	115	18	improvement	improvement	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	115	19	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	115	20	economic	economic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	115	21	activities	activity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	115	22	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	116	1	consequently	consequently	ADV
ajrhss-2394	116	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	116	3	new	new	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	116	4	settlements	settlement	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	116	5	emerged	emerge	VERB
ajrhss-2394	116	6	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	116	7	accommodate	accommodate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	116	8	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	116	9	influx	influx	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	116	10	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	116	11	people	people	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	116	12	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	117	1	one	one	NUM
ajrhss-2394	117	2	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	117	3	such	such	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	117	4	settlements	settlement	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	117	5	was	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	117	6	sabon	sabon	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	117	7	–	–	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	117	8	garinkaura	garinkaura	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	117	9	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	117	10	namoda	namoda	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	117	11	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	117	12	zamfara	zamfara	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	117	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	117	14	yanbita	yanbita	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	117	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	117	16	kukar	kukar	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	117	17	kosai	kosai	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	117	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	117	19	sabon	sabon	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	117	20	gida	gida	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	117	21	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	117	22	unguwar	unguwar	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	117	23	sarkin	sarkin	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	117	24	musulmi	musulmi	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	117	25	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	117	26	guiwa	guiwa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	117	27	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	117	28	kurya	kurya	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	117	29	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	117	30	nahuche	nahuche	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	117	31	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	117	32	karazau	karazau	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	117	33	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	117	34	kucheri.39	kucheri.39	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	117	35	kaura	kaura	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	117	36	namoda	namoda	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	117	37	has	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	117	38	become	become	VERB
ajrhss-2394	117	39	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	117	40	major	major	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	117	41	collecting	collecting	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	117	42	point	point	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	117	43	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	117	44	peanuts	peanut	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	117	45	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	117	46	groundnuts	groundnut	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	117	47	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	117	48	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	117	49	cotton	cotton	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	117	50	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	118	1	besides	besides	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	118	2	these	these	DET
ajrhss-2394	118	3	export	export	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	118	4	crops	crop	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	118	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	118	6	local	local	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	118	7	trade	trade	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	118	8	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	118	9	primarily	primarily	ADV
ajrhss-2394	118	10	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	118	11	millet	millet	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	118	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	118	13	sorghum	sorghum	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	118	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	118	15	cowpeas	cowpea	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	118	16	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	118	17	rice	rice	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	118	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	118	19	sugarcane	sugarcane	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	118	20	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	118	21	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	118	22	tobacco.40	tobacco.40	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	118	23	goats	goat	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	118	24	are	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	118	25	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	118	26	main	main	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	118	27	source	source	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	118	28	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	118	29	meat	meat	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	118	30	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	118	31	skin	skin	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	118	32	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	118	33	but	but	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	118	34	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	118	35	local	local	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	118	36	hausa	hausa	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	118	37	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	118	38	fulani	fulani	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	118	39	also	also	ADV
ajrhss-2394	118	40	keep	keep	VERB
ajrhss-2394	118	41	cattle	cattle	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	118	42	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	118	43	sheep	sheep	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	118	44	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	118	45	donkeys	donkey	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	118	46	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	118	47	horses	horse	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	118	48	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	118	49	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	118	50	camels	camel	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	118	51	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	119	1	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	119	2	government	government	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	119	3	dispensary	dispensary	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	119	4	serves	serve	VERB
ajrhss-2394	119	5	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	119	6	town	town	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	119	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	119	8	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	119	9	it	it	PRON
ajrhss-2394	119	10	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	119	11	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	119	12	headquarters	headquarters	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	119	13	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	119	14	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	119	15	local	local	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	119	16	government	government	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	119	17	council	council	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	119	18	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	120	1	kaura	kaura	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	120	2	namoda	namoda	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	120	3	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	120	4	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	120	5	north	north	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	120	6	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	120	7	western	western	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	120	8	terminus	terminus	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	120	9	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	120	10	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	120	11	trunk	trunk	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	120	12	railway	railway	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	120	13	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	120	14	lagos	lago	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	120	15	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	120	16	port	port	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	120	17	harcourt	harcourt	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	120	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	120	19	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	120	20	it	it	PRON
ajrhss-2394	120	21	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	120	22	located	locate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	120	23	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	120	24	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	120	25	highway	highway	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	120	26	between	between	ADP
ajrhss-2394	120	27	gusau	gusau	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	120	28	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	120	29	jibiya	jibiya	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	120	30	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	120	31	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	120	32	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	120	33	main	main	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	120	34	highway	highway	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	120	35	between	between	ADP
ajrhss-2394	120	36	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	120	37	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	120	38	maradi	maradi	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	120	39	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	120	40	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	120	41	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	121	1	individual	individual	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	121	2	traders	trader	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	121	3	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	121	4	investors	investor	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	121	5	along	along	ADP
ajrhss-2394	121	6	kaura	kaura	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	121	7	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	121	8	namoda	namoda	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	121	9	benefited	benefit	VERB
ajrhss-2394	121	10	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	121	11	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	121	12	37	37	NUM
ajrhss-2394	121	13	alhaji	alhaji	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	121	14	abdu	abdu	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	121	15	dan	dan	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	121	16	mairakumi	mairakumi	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	121	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	121	18	aged	age	VERB
ajrhss-2394	121	19	62	62	NUM
ajrhss-2394	121	20	years	year	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	121	21	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	121	22	interviewed	interview	VERB
ajrhss-2394	121	23	at	at	ADP
ajrhss-2394	121	24	jibiya	jibiya	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	121	25	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	121	26	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	121	27	september11	september11	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	121	28	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	121	29	2022	2022	NUM
ajrhss-2394	121	30	38	38	NUM
ajrhss-2394	121	31	ahmed	ahmed	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	121	32	tijjani	tijjani	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	121	33	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	121	34	46	46	NUM
ajrhss-2394	121	35	years	year	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	121	36	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	121	37	businessman	businessman	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	121	38	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	121	39	faru	faru	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	121	40	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	121	41	maradi	maradi	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	121	42	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	121	43	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	121	44	republic	republic	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	121	45	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	121	46	15/02/2022	15/02/2022	NUM
ajrhss-2394	121	47	39	39	NUM
ajrhss-2394	121	48	adamu	adamu	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	121	49	l.d	l.d	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	121	50	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	122	1	“	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	122	2	kaura	kaura	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	122	3	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	122	4	namoda	namoda	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	122	5	railway	railway	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	122	6	:	:	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	122	7	before	before	ADP
ajrhss-2394	122	8	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	122	9	after	after	ADP
ajrhss-2394	122	10	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	122	11	train	train	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	122	12	transportation	transportation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	122	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	122	14	daily	daily	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	122	15	trust	trust	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	122	16	4/12/2011	4/12/2011	NUM
ajrhss-2394	122	17	.	.	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	122	18	40	40	NUM
ajrhss-2394	123	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	123	2	information	information	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	123	3	was	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	123	4	gathered	gather	VERB
ajrhss-2394	123	5	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	123	6	various	various	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	123	7	oral	oral	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	123	8	sources	source	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	123	9	mainly	mainly	ADV
ajrhss-2394	123	10	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	123	11	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	123	12	business	business	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	123	13	community	community	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	123	14	residing	reside	VERB
ajrhss-2394	123	15	along	along	ADP
ajrhss-2394	123	16	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	123	17	boundary	boundary	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	123	18	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	124	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	124	2	fieldwork	fieldwork	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	124	3	was	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	124	4	conducted	conduct	VERB
ajrhss-2394	124	5	between	between	ADP
ajrhss-2394	124	6	12th	12th	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	124	7	january	january	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	124	8	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	124	9	15th	15th	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	124	10	february	february	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	124	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	124	12	2022	2022	NUM
ajrhss-2394	124	13	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	125	1	key	key	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	125	2	informants	informant	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	125	3	include	include	VERB
ajrhss-2394	125	4	;	;	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	125	5	alhaji	alhaji	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	125	6	abdurahaman	abdurahaman	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	125	7	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	125	8	babangida	babangida	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	125	9	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	125	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	125	11	aged	age	VERB
ajrhss-2394	125	12	38	38	NUM
ajrhss-2394	125	13	years	year	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	125	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	125	15	interviewed	interview	VERB
ajrhss-2394	125	16	at	at	ADP
ajrhss-2394	125	17	dan	dan	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	125	18	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	125	19	isah	isah	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	125	20	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	125	21	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	125	22	januaey	januaey	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	125	23	03	03	NUM
ajrhss-2394	125	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	125	25	2022	2022	NUM
ajrhss-2394	125	26	;	;	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	125	27	alhaji	alhaji	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	125	28	hamisu	hamisu	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	125	29	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	125	30	aged	age	VERB
ajrhss-2394	125	31	55	55	NUM
ajrhss-2394	125	32	years	year	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	125	33	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	125	34	former	former	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	125	35	local	local	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	125	36	government	government	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	125	37	chairman	chairman	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	125	38	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	125	39	jibiya	jibiya	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	125	40	lga	lga	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	125	41	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	125	42	interviewed	interview	VERB
ajrhss-2394	125	43	at	at	ADP
ajrhss-2394	125	44	magama	magama	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	125	45	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	125	46	january	january	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	125	47	02	02	NUM
ajrhss-2394	125	48	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	125	49	2022	2022	NUM
ajrhss-2394	125	50	;	;	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	125	51	alhaji	alhaji	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	125	52	tasiu	tasiu	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	125	53	waliyyi	waliyyi	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	125	54	jibiya	jibiya	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	125	55	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	125	56	businessman	businessman	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	125	57	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	125	58	aged	aged	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	125	59	60	60	NUM
ajrhss-2394	125	60	years	year	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	125	61	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	125	62	interviewed	interview	VERB
ajrhss-2394	125	63	at	at	ADP
ajrhss-2394	125	64	jibiya	jibiya	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	125	65	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	125	66	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	125	67	january	january	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	125	68	2	2	NUM
ajrhss-2394	125	69	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	125	70	2022	2022	NUM
ajrhss-2394	125	71	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	126	1	american	american	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	126	2	journal	journal	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	126	3	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	126	4	research	research	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	126	5	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	126	6	humanities	humanity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	126	7	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	126	8	social	social	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	126	9	sciences	science	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	126	10	volume	volume	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	126	11	29	29	NUM
ajrhss-2394	126	12	october	october	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	126	13	2024	2024	NUM
ajrhss-2394	126	14	p	p	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	126	15	a	a	PRON
ajrhss-2394	126	16	g	g	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	126	17	e	e	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	126	18	|	|	ADV
ajrhss-2394	126	19	135	135	NUM
ajrhss-2394	126	20	www.americanjournal.org	www.americanjournal.org	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	126	21	scheme	scheme	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	126	22	as	as	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	126	23	hundreds	hundred	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	126	24	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	126	25	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	126	26	inhabitants	inhabitant	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	126	27	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	126	28	new	new	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	126	29	settlers	settler	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	126	30	got	get	AUX
ajrhss-2394	126	31	employed	employ	VERB
ajrhss-2394	126	32	through	through	ADP
ajrhss-2394	126	33	various	various	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	126	34	trading	trading	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	126	35	activities	activity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	126	36	while	while	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	126	37	others	other	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	126	38	got	get	VERB
ajrhss-2394	126	39	direct	direct	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	126	40	jobs	job	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	126	41	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	126	42	permanent	permanent	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	126	43	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	126	44	non	non	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	126	45	-	-	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	126	46	permanent	permanent	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	126	47	staff	staff	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	126	48	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	126	49	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	126	50	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	126	51	railway	railway	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	126	52	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	126	53	european	european	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	126	54	firms	firm	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	126	55	like	like	ADP
ajrhss-2394	126	56	london	london	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	126	57	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	126	58	kano	kano	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	126	59	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	126	60	ambrosini	ambrosini	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	126	61	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	126	62	cavaris	cavaris	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	126	63	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	126	64	tangalis	tangalis	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	126	65	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	126	66	olivants	olivant	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	126	67	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	126	68	bcga	bcga	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	126	69	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	126	70	john	john	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	126	71	holt	holt	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	126	72	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	126	73	peterson	peterson	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	126	74	zochonis	zochonis	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	126	75	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	126	76	african	african	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	126	77	company	company	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	126	78	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	126	79	british	british	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	126	80	american	american	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	126	81	company.41	company.41	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	126	82	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	126	83	emergence	emergence	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	126	84	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	126	85	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	126	86	railway	railway	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	126	87	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	126	88	kaura	kaura	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	126	89	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	126	90	namoda	namoda	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	126	91	had	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	126	92	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	126	93	therefore	therefore	ADV
ajrhss-2394	126	94	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	126	95	helped	help	VERB
ajrhss-2394	126	96	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	126	97	making	make	VERB
ajrhss-2394	126	98	transportation	transportation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	126	99	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	126	100	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	126	101	raw	raw	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	126	102	materials	material	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	126	103	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	126	104	even	even	ADV
ajrhss-2394	126	105	passengers	passenger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	126	106	very	very	ADV
ajrhss-2394	126	107	easier	easy	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	126	108	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	127	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	127	2	railway	railway	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	127	3	was	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	127	4	efficiently	efficiently	ADV
ajrhss-2394	127	5	used	use	VERB
ajrhss-2394	127	6	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	127	7	transport	transport	VERB
ajrhss-2394	127	8	thousands	thousand	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	127	9	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	127	10	people	people	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	127	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	127	12	goods	good	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	127	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	127	14	heavy	heavy	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	127	15	duties	duty	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	127	16	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	127	17	machinery	machinery	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	127	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	127	19	petroleum	petroleum	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	127	20	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	127	21	petroleum	petroleum	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	127	22	products	product	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	127	23	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	127	24	solid	solid	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	127	25	minerals	mineral	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	127	26	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	127	27	livestock	livestock	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	127	28	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	127	29	food	food	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	127	30	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	127	31	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	127	32	produce	produce	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	127	33	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	127	34	coal	coal	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	127	35	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	127	36	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	127	37	steel	steel	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	127	38	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	127	39	different	different	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	127	40	parts	part	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	127	41	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	127	42	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	127	43	country	country	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	127	44	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	128	1	it	it	PRON
ajrhss-2394	128	2	was	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	128	3	generally	generally	ADV
ajrhss-2394	128	4	assessed	assess	VERB
ajrhss-2394	128	5	that	that	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	128	6	no	no	DET
ajrhss-2394	128	7	type	type	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	128	8	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	128	9	transportation	transportation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	128	10	offers	offer	VERB
ajrhss-2394	128	11	these	these	DET
ajrhss-2394	128	12	cheap	cheap	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	128	13	services	service	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	128	14	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	128	15	added	add	VERB
ajrhss-2394	128	16	value	value	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	128	17	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	128	18	net	net	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	128	19	gains	gain	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	128	20	compared	compare	VERB
ajrhss-2394	128	21	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	128	22	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	128	23	railways	railway	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	128	24	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	128	25	nigeria.42	nigeria.42	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	128	26	there	there	PRON
ajrhss-2394	128	27	were	be	VERB
ajrhss-2394	128	28	four	four	NUM
ajrhss-2394	128	29	categories	category	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	128	30	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	128	31	trains	train	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	128	32	plying	ply	VERB
ajrhss-2394	128	33	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	128	34	kaura	kaura	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	128	35	namoda	namoda	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	128	36	zaria	zaria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	128	37	route	route	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	128	38	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	128	39	including	include	VERB
ajrhss-2394	128	40	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	128	41	kaura	kaura	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	128	42	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	128	43	namoda	namoda	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	128	44	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	128	45	lagos	lago	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	128	46	express	express	VERB
ajrhss-2394	128	47	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	128	48	first	first	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	128	49	class	class	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	128	50	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	128	51	second	second	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	128	52	class	class	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	128	53	coaches	coach	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	128	54	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	128	55	wagons	wagon	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	128	56	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	128	57	goods.43	goods.43	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	128	58	it	it	PRON
ajrhss-2394	128	59	operated	operate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	128	60	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	128	61	tuesdays	tuesday	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	128	62	:	:	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	128	63	arrival	arrival	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	128	64	evening	evening	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	128	65	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	128	66	takes	take	VERB
ajrhss-2394	128	67	off	off	ADP
ajrhss-2394	128	68	at	at	ADP
ajrhss-2394	128	69	6:00	6:00	NUM
ajrhss-2394	128	70	am	am	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	128	71	;	;	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	128	72	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	128	73	kaura	kaura	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	128	74	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	128	75	namoda	namoda	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	128	76	train	train	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	128	77	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	128	78	ibadan	ibadan	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	128	79	arrives	arrive	VERB
ajrhss-2394	128	80	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	128	81	thursdays	thursday	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	128	82	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	128	83	saturdays	saturday	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	128	84	by	by	ADP
ajrhss-2394	128	85	6:00	6:00	NUM
ajrhss-2394	128	86	pm	pm	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	128	87	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	128	88	takes	take	VERB
ajrhss-2394	128	89	off	off	ADP
ajrhss-2394	128	90	at	at	ADP
ajrhss-2394	128	91	56	56	NUM
ajrhss-2394	128	92	am	am	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	128	93	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	128	94	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	128	95	next	next	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	128	96	day	day	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	128	97	;	;	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	128	98	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	128	99	ibadan	ibadan	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	128	100	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	128	101	kaura	kaura	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	128	102	namoda	namoda	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	128	103	train	train	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	128	104	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	128	105	thursdays	thursday	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	128	106	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	129	1	it	it	PRON
ajrhss-2394	129	2	arrives	arrive	VERB
ajrhss-2394	129	3	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	129	4	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	129	5	evening	evening	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	129	6	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	129	7	departs	depart	VERB
ajrhss-2394	129	8	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	129	9	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	129	10	morning	morning	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	129	11	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	129	12	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	129	13	following	following	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	129	14	day	day	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	129	15	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	130	1	this	this	DET
ajrhss-2394	130	2	train	train	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	130	3	conveyed	convey	VERB
ajrhss-2394	130	4	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	130	5	significant	significant	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	130	6	quantity	quantity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	130	7	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	130	8	essential	essential	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	130	9	commodities	commodity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	130	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	130	11	such	such	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	130	12	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	130	13	vegetables	vegetable	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	130	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	130	15	palm	palm	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	130	16	oil	oil	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	130	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	130	18	foodstuff	foodstuff	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	130	19	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	130	20	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	130	21	other	other	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	130	22	building	building	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	130	23	materials.44	materials.44	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	130	24	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	130	25	fourth	fourth	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	130	26	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	130	27	last	last	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	130	28	category	category	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	130	29	was	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	130	30	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	130	31	train	train	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	130	32	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	130	33	both	both	DET
ajrhss-2394	130	34	goods	good	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	130	35	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	130	36	passengers	passenger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	130	37	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	130	38	unlimited	unlimited	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	130	39	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	130	40	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	130	41	which	which	PRON
ajrhss-2394	130	42	operated	operate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	130	43	daily	daily	ADV
ajrhss-2394	130	44	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	130	45	zaria	zaria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	130	46	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	130	47	kaura	kaura	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	130	48	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	130	49	namoda	namoda	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	130	50	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	131	1	it	it	PRON
ajrhss-2394	131	2	arrives	arrive	VERB
ajrhss-2394	131	3	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	131	4	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	131	5	night	night	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	131	6	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	131	7	takes	take	VERB
ajrhss-2394	131	8	off	off	ADP
ajrhss-2394	131	9	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	131	10	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	131	11	morning	morning	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	131	12	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	132	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	132	2	strategic	strategic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	132	3	importance	importance	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	132	4	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	132	5	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	132	6	kaura	kaura	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	132	7	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	132	8	namoda	namoda	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	132	9	railway	railway	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	132	10	terminus	terminus	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	132	11	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	132	12	not	not	PART
ajrhss-2394	132	13	restricted	restrict	VERB
ajrhss-2394	132	14	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	132	15	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	132	16	development	development	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	132	17	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	132	18	nigeria’s	nigeria’s	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	132	19	/	/	SYM
ajrhss-2394	132	20	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	132	21	inter	inter	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	132	22	-	-	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	132	23	group	group	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	132	24	relations	relation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	132	25	alone	alone	ADV
ajrhss-2394	132	26	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	133	1	it	it	PRON
ajrhss-2394	133	2	has	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	133	3	also	also	ADV
ajrhss-2394	133	4	led	lead	VERB
ajrhss-2394	133	5	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	133	6	an	an	DET
ajrhss-2394	133	7	increase	increase	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	133	8	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	133	9	inter	inter	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	133	10	-	-	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	133	11	community	community	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	133	12	relations	relation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	133	13	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	133	14	many	many	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	133	15	ways	way	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	133	16	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	134	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
ajrhss-2394	134	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	134	3	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	134	4	kaura	kaura	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	134	5	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	134	6	namoda	namoda	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	134	7	terminus	terminus	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	134	8	attracted	attract	VERB
ajrhss-2394	134	9	investors	investor	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	134	10	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	134	11	business	business	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	134	12	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	134	13	class	class	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	134	14	people	people	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	134	15	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	134	16	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	134	17	neighboring	neighboring	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	134	18	republic	republic	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	134	19	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	134	20	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	134	21	who	who	PRON
ajrhss-2394	134	22	contributed	contribute	VERB
ajrhss-2394	134	23	enormously	enormously	ADV
ajrhss-2394	134	24	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	134	25	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	134	26	economic	economic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	134	27	development	development	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	134	28	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	134	29	cross	cross	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	134	30	-	-	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	134	31	border	border	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	134	32	trade	trade	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	134	33	among	among	ADP
ajrhss-2394	134	34	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	134	35	neighboring	neighbor	VERB
ajrhss-2394	134	36	communities.45	communities.45	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	134	37	farms	farm	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	134	38	produced	produce	VERB
ajrhss-2394	134	39	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	134	40	especially	especially	ADV
ajrhss-2394	134	41	cash	cash	VERB
ajrhss-2394	134	42	crops	crop	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	134	43	which	which	PRON
ajrhss-2394	134	44	were	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	134	45	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	134	46	most	most	ADV
ajrhss-2394	134	47	preferred	prefer	VERB
ajrhss-2394	134	48	by	by	ADP
ajrhss-2394	134	49	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	134	50	british	british	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	134	51	royal	royal	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	134	52	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	134	53	company	company	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	134	54	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	134	55	were	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	134	56	supplied	supply	VERB
ajrhss-2394	134	57	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	134	58	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	134	59	very	very	ADV
ajrhss-2394	134	60	large	large	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	134	61	quantity	quantity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	134	62	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	134	63	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	134	64	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	134	65	republic	republic	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	134	66	through	through	ADP
ajrhss-2394	134	67	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	134	68	kaura	kaura	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	134	69	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	134	70	namoda	namoda	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	134	71	railway	railway	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	134	72	terminus	terminus	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	134	73	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	135	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	135	2	major	major	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	135	3	supplies	supply	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	4	came	come	VERB
ajrhss-2394	135	5	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	135	6	tassawa	tassawa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	135	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	135	8	gezawa	gezawa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	135	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	135	10	agge	agge	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	135	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	135	12	chediya	chediya	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	135	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	135	14	maradi	maradi	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	135	16	tungarbanji	tungarbanji	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	135	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	135	18	yan	yan	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	135	19	kuregau	kuregau	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	135	20	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	135	21	ɗan	ɗan	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	22	hayi	hayi	ADV
ajrhss-2394	135	23	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	135	24	ɗan	ɗan	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	25	issa	issa	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	135	26	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	135	27	bangi	bangi	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	135	28	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	135	29	tunfafi	tunfafi	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	135	30	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	135	31	burwa	burwa	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	32	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	135	33	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	135	34	shanxi	shanxi	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	135	35	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	135	36	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	135	37	southern	southern	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	135	38	parts	part	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	39	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	135	40	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	135	41	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	42	republic.46	republic.46	VERB
ajrhss-2394	135	43	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	135	44	products	product	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	45	such	such	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	135	46	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	135	47	beans	bean	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	48	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	135	49	groundnuts	groundnut	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	50	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	135	51	cotton	cotton	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	52	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	135	53	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	135	54	spices	spice	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	55	were	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	135	56	conveyed	convey	VERB
ajrhss-2394	135	57	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	135	58	camels	camel	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	59	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	135	60	donkeys	donkey	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	61	using	use	VERB
ajrhss-2394	135	62	some	some	DET
ajrhss-2394	135	63	available	available	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	135	64	cattle	cattle	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	65	routes	route	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	66	that	that	PRON
ajrhss-2394	135	67	linked	link	VERB
ajrhss-2394	135	68	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	135	69	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	135	70	niger	niger	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	135	71	through	through	ADP
ajrhss-2394	135	72	kaura	kaura	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	73	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	135	74	namoda	namoda	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	75	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	135	76	zamfara	zamfara	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	135	77	state.47	state.47	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	135	78	similar	similar	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	135	79	goods	good	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	80	were	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	135	81	also	also	ADV
ajrhss-2394	135	82	supplied	supply	VERB
ajrhss-2394	135	83	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	135	84	waginian	waginian	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	85	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	135	86	batsari	batsari	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	135	87	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	135	88	katsina.48	katsina.48	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	135	89	this	this	DET
ajrhss-2394	135	90	development	development	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	91	has	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	135	92	helped	help	VERB
ajrhss-2394	135	93	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	135	94	strengthen	strengthen	VERB
ajrhss-2394	135	95	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	135	96	economic	economic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	135	97	relations	relation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	98	among	among	ADP
ajrhss-2394	135	99	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	135	100	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	101	communities	community	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	102	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	135	103	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	135	104	two	two	NUM
ajrhss-2394	135	105	countries	country	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	106	as	as	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	135	107	hundreds	hundred	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	108	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	135	109	traders	trader	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	110	discovered	discover	VERB
ajrhss-2394	135	111	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	135	112	terminus	terminus	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	113	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	135	114	be	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	135	115	very	very	ADV
ajrhss-2394	135	116	lucrative	lucrative	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	135	117	not	not	PART
ajrhss-2394	135	118	only	only	ADV
ajrhss-2394	135	119	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	135	120	economic	economic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	135	121	but	but	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	135	122	social	social	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	135	123	interaction	interaction	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	124	as	as	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	135	125	it	it	PRON
ajrhss-2394	135	126	was	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	135	127	evident	evident	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	135	128	that	that	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	135	129	even	even	ADV
ajrhss-2394	135	130	after	after	ADP
ajrhss-2394	135	131	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	135	132	collapse	collapse	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	133	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	135	134	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	135	135	railway	railway	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	136	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	135	137	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	135	138	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	135	139	majority	majority	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	140	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	135	141	these	these	DET
ajrhss-2394	135	142	traders	trader	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	143	visited	visit	VERB
ajrhss-2394	135	144	kaura	kaura	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	145	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	135	146	namoda	namoda	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	147	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	135	148	time	time	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	149	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	135	150	time	time	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	151	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	135	152	commercial	commercial	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	135	153	activities	activity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	154	while	while	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	135	155	some	some	PRON
ajrhss-2394	135	156	even	even	ADV
ajrhss-2394	135	157	permanently	permanently	ADV
ajrhss-2394	135	158	reside	reside	VERB
ajrhss-2394	135	159	at	at	ADP
ajrhss-2394	135	160	sabon	sabon	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	161	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	135	162	garinkaura.49	garinkaura.49	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	135	163	41	41	NUM
ajrhss-2394	135	164	nak	nak	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	135	165	/	/	SYM
ajrhss-2394	135	166	sok	sok	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	135	167	/	/	SYM
ajrhss-2394	135	168	prof	prof	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	135	169	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	135	170	assessment	assessment	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	171	reports	report	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	172	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	135	173	gusau	gusau	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	135	174	district	district	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	135	175	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	135	176	1930	1930	NUM
ajrhss-2394	135	177	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	136	1	42	42	NUM
ajrhss-2394	136	2	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	136	3	railway	railway	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	136	4	corporation	corporation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	136	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	136	6	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	136	7	1999	1999	NUM
ajrhss-2394	136	8	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	136	9	nrc	nrc	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	136	10	annual	annual	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	136	11	reports	report	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	136	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	136	13	1991	1991	NUM
ajrhss-2394	136	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	136	15	p.6	p.6	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	136	16	.	.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	137	1	43	43	NUM
ajrhss-2394	137	2	nak	nak	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	137	3	/	/	SYM
ajrhss-2394	137	4	sok	sok	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	137	5	/	/	SYM
ajrhss-2394	137	6	prof	prof	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	137	7	:	:	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	137	8	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	137	9	1930	1930	NUM
ajrhss-2394	137	10	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	137	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	137	12	assessment	assessment	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	137	13	reports	report	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	137	14	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	137	15	gusau	gusau	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	137	16	district	district	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	137	17	;	;	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	137	18	nak	nak	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	137	19	/	/	SYM
ajrhss-2394	137	20	sjf-65	sjf-65	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	137	21	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	137	22	c15	c15	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	137	23	:	:	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	137	24	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	137	25	1932	1932	NUM
ajrhss-2394	137	26	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	137	27	trade	trade	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	137	28	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	137	29	industries	industry	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	137	30	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	138	1	44	44	NUM
ajrhss-2394	138	2	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	138	3	railway	railway	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	138	4	corporation	corporation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	138	5	…	…	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	138	6	7	7	NUM
ajrhss-2394	138	7	.	.	SYM
ajrhss-2394	138	8	45	45	NUM
ajrhss-2394	138	9	nak	nak	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	138	10	/	/	SYM
ajrhss-2394	138	11	sok	sok	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	138	12	/	/	SYM
ajrhss-2394	138	13	prof	prof	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	138	14	/	/	SYM
ajrhss-2394	138	15	vol	vol	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	138	16	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	138	17	iii	iii	X
ajrhss-2394	139	1	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	139	2	1946)-commercial	1946)-commercial	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	139	3	layouts	layout	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	139	4	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	140	1	46	46	NUM
ajrhss-2394	140	2	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	140	3	railway	railway	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	140	4	corporation	corporation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	140	5	...	...	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	140	6	7	7	X
ajrhss-2394	140	7	.	.	X
ajrhss-2394	140	8	47	47	NUM
ajrhss-2394	140	9	a.	a.	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	140	10	sani	sani	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	140	11	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	140	12	m.	m.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	140	13	bello	bello	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	140	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	140	15	‘	'	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	140	16	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	140	17	impact	impact	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	140	18	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	140	19	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	140	20	collapse	collapse	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	140	21	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	140	22	kaura	kaura	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	140	23	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	140	24	namoda	namoda	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	140	25	railway	railway	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	140	26	terminus	terminus	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	140	27	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	140	28	nigeria	nigeria	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	140	29	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	140	30	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	140	31	economic	economic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	140	32	relations	relation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	140	33	’	'	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	140	34	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	140	35	a.m.	a.m.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	140	36	ashafa	ashafa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	140	37	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	140	38	et	et	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	140	39	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	140	40	al	al	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	140	41	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	140	42	readings	reading	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	140	43	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	140	44	postcolonial	postcolonial	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	140	45	borders	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	140	46	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	140	47	economy	economy	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	140	48	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	140	49	west	west	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	140	50	africa	africa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	140	51	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	140	52	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	140	53	pyla	pyla	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	140	54	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	140	55	mak	mak	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	140	56	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	140	57	kaduna	kaduna	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	140	58	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	140	59	2018	2018	NUM
ajrhss-2394	140	60	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	140	61	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	140	62	474	474	NUM
ajrhss-2394	140	63	48	48	NUM
ajrhss-2394	140	64	a.	a.	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	140	65	sani	sani	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	140	66	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	140	67	m.	m.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	140	68	bello	bello	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	140	69	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	140	70	‘	'	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	140	71	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	140	72	impact	impact	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	140	73	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	140	74	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	140	75	collapse	collapse	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	140	76	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	140	77	kaura	kaura	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	140	78	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	140	79	namoda	namoda	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	140	80	railway	railway	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	140	81	…	…	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	140	82	475	475	NUM
ajrhss-2394	140	83	.	.	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	140	84	49	49	NUM
ajrhss-2394	140	85	a.	a.	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	140	86	sani	sani	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	140	87	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	140	88	m.	m.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	140	89	bello	bello	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	140	90	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	140	91	‘	'	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	140	92	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	140	93	impact	impact	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	140	94	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	140	95	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	140	96	collapse	collapse	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	140	97	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	140	98	kaura	kaura	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	140	99	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	140	100	namoda	namoda	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	140	101	railway	railway	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	140	102	…	…	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	140	103	476	476	NUM
ajrhss-2394	140	104	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	141	1	american	american	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	141	2	journal	journal	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	141	3	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	141	4	research	research	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	141	5	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	141	6	humanities	humanity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	141	7	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	141	8	social	social	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	141	9	sciences	science	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	141	10	volume	volume	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	141	11	29	29	NUM
ajrhss-2394	141	12	october	october	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	141	13	2024	2024	NUM
ajrhss-2394	141	14	p	p	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	141	15	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	141	16	g	g	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	141	17	e	e	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	141	18	|	|	ADV
ajrhss-2394	141	19	136	136	NUM
ajrhss-2394	141	20	www.americanjournal.org	www.americanjournal.org	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	141	21	trans	trans	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	141	22	-	-	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	141	23	border	border	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	141	24	trade	trade	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	141	25	has	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	141	26	always	always	ADV
ajrhss-2394	141	27	been	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	141	28	influenced	influence	VERB
ajrhss-2394	141	29	by	by	ADP
ajrhss-2394	141	30	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	141	31	socio	socio	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	141	32	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	141	33	cultural	cultural	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	141	34	affinities	affinity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	141	35	between	between	ADP
ajrhss-2394	141	36	hausa	hausa	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	141	37	traders	trader	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	141	38	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	141	39	officials	official	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	141	40	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	141	41	niger	niger	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	141	42	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	141	43	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	141	44	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	141	45	especially	especially	ADV
ajrhss-2394	141	46	those	those	PRON
ajrhss-2394	141	47	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	141	48	maradi	maradi	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	141	49	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	141	50	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	141	51	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	141	52	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	141	53	kano	kano	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	141	54	constitute	constitute	VERB
ajrhss-2394	141	55	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	141	56	major	major	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	141	57	determinant	determinant	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	141	58	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	141	59	cross	cross	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	141	60	-	-	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	141	61	border	border	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	141	62	trade	trade	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	141	63	between	between	ADP
ajrhss-2394	141	64	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	141	65	two	two	NUM
ajrhss-2394	141	66	countries	country	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	141	67	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	142	1	these	these	DET
ajrhss-2394	142	2	affinities	affinity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	142	3	lead	lead	VERB
ajrhss-2394	142	4	traders	trader	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	142	5	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	142	6	one	one	NUM
ajrhss-2394	142	7	country	country	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	142	8	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	142	9	stop	stop	VERB
ajrhss-2394	142	10	at	at	ADP
ajrhss-2394	142	11	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	142	12	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	142	13	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	142	14	transmit	transmit	VERB
ajrhss-2394	142	15	their	their	PRON
ajrhss-2394	142	16	merchandise	merchandise	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	142	17	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	142	18	their	their	PRON
ajrhss-2394	142	19	counterparts	counterpart	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	142	20	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	142	21	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	142	22	other	other	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	142	23	country	country	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	142	24	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	143	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	143	2	latter	latter	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	143	3	will	will	AUX
ajrhss-2394	143	4	then	then	ADV
ajrhss-2394	143	5	take	take	VERB
ajrhss-2394	143	6	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	143	7	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	143	8	transporting	transport	VERB
ajrhss-2394	143	9	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	143	10	merchandise	merchandise	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	143	11	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	143	12	its	its	PRON
ajrhss-2394	143	13	final	final	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	143	14	destination	destination	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	143	15	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	143	16	carry	carry	VERB
ajrhss-2394	143	17	out	out	ADP
ajrhss-2394	143	18	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	143	19	necessary	necessary	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	143	20	negotiations	negotiation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	143	21	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	143	22	national	national	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	143	23	administration	administration	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	143	24	agencies	agency	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	143	25	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	144	1	without	without	ADP
ajrhss-2394	144	2	this	this	DET
ajrhss-2394	144	3	“	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	144	4	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	144	5	relay	relay	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	144	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	144	7	”	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	144	8	road	road	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	144	9	harassment	harassment	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	144	10	would	would	AUX
ajrhss-2394	144	11	indeed	indeed	ADV
ajrhss-2394	144	12	reduce	reduce	VERB
ajrhss-2394	144	13	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	144	14	transaction	transaction	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	144	15	volume	volume	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	144	16	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	145	1	socio	socio	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	145	2	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	145	3	cultural	cultural	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	145	4	links	link	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	145	5	also	also	ADV
ajrhss-2394	145	6	help	help	VERB
ajrhss-2394	145	7	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	145	8	explain	explain	VERB
ajrhss-2394	145	9	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	145	10	successful	successful	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	145	11	circumvention	circumvention	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	145	12	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	145	13	regulations	regulation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	145	14	limiting	limit	VERB
ajrhss-2394	145	15	cereal	cereal	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	145	16	exports	export	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	145	17	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	145	18	both	both	DET
ajrhss-2394	145	19	sides	side	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	145	20	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	145	21	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	145	22	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	145	23	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	146	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	146	2	this	this	DET
ajrhss-2394	146	3	socio	socio	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	146	4	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	146	5	cultural	cultural	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	146	6	advantage	advantage	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	146	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	146	8	there	there	PRON
ajrhss-2394	146	9	’s	’	VERB
ajrhss-2394	146	10	increasing	increase	VERB
ajrhss-2394	146	11	language	language	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	146	12	complication	complication	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	146	13	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	146	14	traders	trader	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	146	15	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	146	16	one	one	NUM
ajrhss-2394	146	17	moves	move	VERB
ajrhss-2394	146	18	deeper	deeply	ADV
ajrhss-2394	146	19	beyond	beyond	ADP
ajrhss-2394	146	20	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	146	21	k2	k2	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	146	22	m	m	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	146	23	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	146	24	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	146	25	gradually	gradually	ADV
ajrhss-2394	146	26	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	146	27	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	146	28	language	language	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	146	29	barrier	barrier	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	146	30	reigns	reign	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	146	31	over	over	ADP
ajrhss-2394	146	32	socio	socio	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	146	33	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	146	34	cultural	cultural	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	146	35	affinities	affinity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	146	36	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	147	1	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	147	2	fact	fact	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	147	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	147	4	outside	outside	ADP
ajrhss-2394	147	5	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	147	6	hausa	hausa	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	147	7	lands	land	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	147	8	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	147	9	both	both	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	147	10	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	147	11	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	147	12	niger	niger	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	147	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	147	14	this	this	DET
ajrhss-2394	147	15	language	language	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	147	16	barrier	barrier	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	147	17	becomes	become	VERB
ajrhss-2394	147	18	difficult	difficult	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	147	19	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	147	20	overcome	overcome	VERB
ajrhss-2394	147	21	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	147	22	which	which	PRON
ajrhss-2394	147	23	explains	explain	VERB
ajrhss-2394	147	24	why	why	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	147	25	only	only	ADV
ajrhss-2394	147	26	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	147	27	few	few	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	147	28	traders	trader	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	147	29	decide	decide	VERB
ajrhss-2394	147	30	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	147	31	cross	cross	VERB
ajrhss-2394	147	32	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	147	33	borders	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	147	34	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	147	35	major	major	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	147	36	trade	trade	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	147	37	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	148	1	apart	apart	ADV
ajrhss-2394	148	2	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	148	3	petty	petty	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	148	4	trade	trade	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	148	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	148	6	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	148	7	majority	majority	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	148	8	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	148	9	transactions	transaction	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	148	10	bring	bring	VERB
ajrhss-2394	148	11	together	together	ADV
ajrhss-2394	148	12	two	two	NUM
ajrhss-2394	148	13	groups	group	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	148	14	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	148	15	actors	actor	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	148	16	linked	link	VERB
ajrhss-2394	148	17	by	by	ADP
ajrhss-2394	148	18	economic	economic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	148	19	and/or	and/or	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	148	20	cultural	cultural	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	148	21	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	148	22	social	social	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	148	23	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	148	24	family	family	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	148	25	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	148	26	religious	religious	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	148	27	relations	relation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	148	28	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	148	29	etc	etc	X
ajrhss-2394	148	30	.	.	X
ajrhss-2394	148	31	that	that	PRON
ajrhss-2394	148	32	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	148	33	why	why	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	148	34	one	one	PRON
ajrhss-2394	148	35	can	can	AUX
ajrhss-2394	148	36	talk	talk	VERB
ajrhss-2394	148	37	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	148	38	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	148	39	trade	trade	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	148	40	that	that	PRON
ajrhss-2394	148	41	takes	take	VERB
ajrhss-2394	148	42	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	148	43	form	form	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	148	44	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	148	45	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	148	46	”	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	148	47	relay	relay	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	148	48	race	race	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	148	49	”	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	148	50	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	148	51	which	which	PRON
ajrhss-2394	148	52	one	one	NUM
ajrhss-2394	148	53	group	group	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	148	54	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	148	55	traders	trader	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	148	56	takes	take	VERB
ajrhss-2394	148	57	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	148	58	goods	good	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	148	59	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	148	60	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	148	61	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	148	62	while	while	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	148	63	another	another	DET
ajrhss-2394	148	64	group	group	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	148	65	takes	take	VERB
ajrhss-2394	148	66	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	148	67	goods	good	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	148	68	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	148	69	there	there	ADV
ajrhss-2394	148	70	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	148	71	wholesale	wholesale	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	148	72	or	or	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	148	73	consumption	consumption	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	148	74	markets	market	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	148	75	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	149	1	each	each	DET
ajrhss-2394	149	2	group	group	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	149	3	indeed	indeed	ADV
ajrhss-2394	149	4	specializes	specialize	VERB
ajrhss-2394	149	5	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	149	6	negotiating	negotiate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	149	7	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	149	8	officials	official	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	149	9	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	149	10	their	their	PRON
ajrhss-2394	149	11	country	country	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	149	12	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	150	1	this	this	PRON
ajrhss-2394	150	2	also	also	ADV
ajrhss-2394	150	3	explains	explain	VERB
ajrhss-2394	150	4	why	why	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	150	5	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	150	6	markets	market	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	150	7	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	150	8	“	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	150	9	discharging	discharge	VERB
ajrhss-2394	150	10	points	point	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	150	11	”	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	150	12	flourish	flourish	VERB
ajrhss-2394	150	13	along	along	ADP
ajrhss-2394	150	14	all	all	DET
ajrhss-2394	150	15	ecowas	ecowas	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	150	16	borders	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	150	17	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	151	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	151	2	socio	socio	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	151	3	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	151	4	economic	economic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	151	5	reality	reality	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	151	6	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	151	7	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	151	8	communities	community	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	151	9	along	along	ADP
ajrhss-2394	151	10	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	151	11	zamfara	zamfara	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	151	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	151	13	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	151	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	151	15	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	151	16	maradi	maradi	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	151	17	areas	area	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	151	18	can	can	AUX
ajrhss-2394	151	19	be	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	151	20	said	say	VERB
ajrhss-2394	151	21	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	151	22	be	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	151	23	characterized	characterize	VERB
ajrhss-2394	151	24	by	by	ADP
ajrhss-2394	151	25	complementarity	complementarity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	151	26	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	152	1	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	152	2	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	152	3	result	result	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	152	4	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	152	5	this	this	PRON
ajrhss-2394	152	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	152	7	there	there	PRON
ajrhss-2394	152	8	is	be	VERB
ajrhss-2394	152	9	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	152	10	prevalence	prevalence	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	152	11	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	152	12	petty	petty	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	152	13	trading	trading	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	152	14	activities	activity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	152	15	carried	carry	VERB
ajrhss-2394	152	16	out	out	ADP
ajrhss-2394	152	17	by	by	ADP
ajrhss-2394	152	18	local	local	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	152	19	traders	trader	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	152	20	who	who	PRON
ajrhss-2394	152	21	transported	transport	VERB
ajrhss-2394	152	22	grains	grain	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	152	23	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	152	24	livestock	livestock	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	152	25	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	152	26	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	152	27	consumer	consumer	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	152	28	goods	good	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	152	29	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	152	30	resale	resale	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	152	31	at	at	ADP
ajrhss-2394	152	32	neighboring	neighboring	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	152	33	markets	market	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	152	34	across	across	ADP
ajrhss-2394	152	35	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	152	36	international	international	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	152	37	boundary.50	boundary.50	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	152	38	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	152	39	jibia	jibia	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	152	40	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	152	41	dan	dan	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	152	42	issa	issa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	152	43	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	152	44	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	152	45	instance	instance	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	152	46	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	152	47	people	people	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	152	48	engage	engage	VERB
ajrhss-2394	152	49	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	152	50	various	various	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	152	51	economic	economic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	152	52	activities	activity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	152	53	without	without	ADP
ajrhss-2394	152	54	regard	regard	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	152	55	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	152	56	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	152	57	official	official	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	152	58	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	152	59	control	control	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	152	60	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	153	1	this	this	PRON
ajrhss-2394	153	2	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	153	3	because	because	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	153	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	153	5	while	while	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	153	6	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	153	7	official	official	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	153	8	perception	perception	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	153	9	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	153	10	informal	informal	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	153	11	cross	cross	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	153	12	-	-	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	153	13	border	border	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	153	14	trade	trade	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	153	15	amounts	amount	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	153	16	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	153	17	smuggling	smuggling	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	153	18	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	153	19	attempts	attempt	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	153	20	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	153	21	sabotage	sabotage	VERB
ajrhss-2394	153	22	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	153	23	economy	economy	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	153	24	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	153	25	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	153	26	communities	community	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	153	27	living	live	VERB
ajrhss-2394	153	28	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	153	29	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	153	30	borderlands	borderland	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	153	31	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	153	32	it	it	PRON
ajrhss-2394	153	33	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	153	34	very	very	ADV
ajrhss-2394	153	35	legitimate	legitimate	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	153	36	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	154	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	154	2	dounne	dounne	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	154	3	/	/	SYM
ajrhss-2394	154	4	customs	custom	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	154	5	officers	officer	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	154	6	typically	typically	ADV
ajrhss-2394	154	7	worked	work	VERB
ajrhss-2394	154	8	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	154	9	one	one	NUM
ajrhss-2394	154	10	or	or	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	154	11	two	two	NUM
ajrhss-2394	154	12	local	local	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	154	13	village	village	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	154	14	assistants	assistant	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	154	15	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	154	16	boys	boy	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	154	17	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	154	18	yaran	yaran	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	154	19	custom	custom	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	154	20	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	155	1	usually	usually	ADV
ajrhss-2394	155	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	155	3	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	155	4	boys	boy	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	155	5	would	would	AUX
ajrhss-2394	155	6	lie	lie	VERB
ajrhss-2394	155	7	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	155	8	wait	wait	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	155	9	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	155	10	capture	capture	VERB
ajrhss-2394	155	11	hapless	hapless	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	155	12	‘	'	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	155	13	smugglers	smuggler	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	155	14	’	'	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	155	15	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	155	16	surrender	surrender	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	155	17	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	155	18	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	155	19	customs	custom	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	155	20	officials	official	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	155	21	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	156	1	51the	51the	DET
ajrhss-2394	156	2	economic	economic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	156	3	activities	activity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	156	4	carried	carry	VERB
ajrhss-2394	156	5	out	out	ADP
ajrhss-2394	156	6	along	along	ADP
ajrhss-2394	156	7	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	156	8	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	156	9	are	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	156	10	organized	organize	VERB
ajrhss-2394	156	11	through	through	ADP
ajrhss-2394	156	12	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	156	13	participation	participation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	156	14	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	156	15	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	156	16	institutions	institution	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	156	17	such	such	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	156	18	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	156	19	craftsmen	craftsman	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	156	20	traders	trader	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	156	21	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	156	22	middlemen	middleman	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	156	23	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	156	24	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	156	25	institutions	institution	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	156	26	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	156	27	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	156	28	others	other	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	156	29	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	157	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	157	2	participants	participant	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	157	3	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	157	4	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	157	5	trade	trade	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	157	6	often	often	ADV
ajrhss-2394	157	7	organized	organize	VERB
ajrhss-2394	157	8	themselves	themselves	PRON
ajrhss-2394	157	9	into	into	ADP
ajrhss-2394	157	10	occupational	occupational	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	157	11	guilds	guild	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	157	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	157	13	rings	ring	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	157	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	157	15	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	157	16	sometimes	sometimes	ADV
ajrhss-2394	157	17	pools	pool	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	157	18	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	158	1	trade	trade	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	158	2	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	158	3	exchange	exchange	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	158	4	relations	relation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	158	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	158	6	however	however	ADV
ajrhss-2394	158	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	158	8	have	have	VERB
ajrhss-2394	158	9	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	158	10	be	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	158	11	settled	settle	VERB
ajrhss-2394	158	12	through	through	ADP
ajrhss-2394	158	13	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	158	14	medium	medium	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	158	15	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	158	16	currency	currency	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	158	17	exchange	exchange	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	158	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	158	19	which	which	PRON
ajrhss-2394	158	20	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	158	21	managed	manage	VERB
ajrhss-2394	158	22	by	by	ADP
ajrhss-2394	158	23	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	158	24	currency	currency	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	158	25	changers	changer	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	158	26	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	158	27	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	158	28	yanchanji	yanchanji	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	158	29	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	159	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	159	2	major	major	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	159	3	category	category	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	159	4	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	159	5	’	'	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	159	6	yancanji	yancanji	PRON
ajrhss-2394	159	7	offers	offer	VERB
ajrhss-2394	159	8	two	two	NUM
ajrhss-2394	159	9	main	main	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	159	10	forms	form	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	159	11	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	159	12	services	service	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	159	13	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	159	14	has	have	VERB
ajrhss-2394	159	15	agents	agent	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	159	16	residing	reside	VERB
ajrhss-2394	159	17	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	159	18	both	both	DET
ajrhss-2394	159	19	sides	side	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	159	20	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	159	21	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	159	22	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	159	23	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	160	1	they	they	PRON
ajrhss-2394	160	2	are	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	160	3	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	160	4	first	first	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	160	5	instant	instant	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	160	6	service	service	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	160	7	offered	offer	VERB
ajrhss-2394	160	8	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	160	9	anyone	anyone	PRON
ajrhss-2394	160	10	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	160	11	need	need	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	160	12	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	160	13	foreign	foreign	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	160	14	currencies	currency	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	160	15	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	161	1	they	they	PRON
ajrhss-2394	161	2	sold	sell	VERB
ajrhss-2394	161	3	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	161	4	amount	amount	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	161	5	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	161	6	currency	currency	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	161	7	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	161	8	an	an	DET
ajrhss-2394	161	9	individual	individual	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	161	10	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	161	11	need	need	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	161	12	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	161	13	charged	charge	VERB
ajrhss-2394	161	14	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	161	15	small	small	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	161	16	commission.52	commission.52	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	161	17	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	161	18	second	second	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	161	19	service	service	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	161	20	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	161	21	offered	offer	VERB
ajrhss-2394	161	22	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	161	23	those	those	PRON
ajrhss-2394	161	24	who	who	PRON
ajrhss-2394	161	25	expressed	express	VERB
ajrhss-2394	161	26	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	161	27	preference	preference	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	161	28	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	161	29	collecting	collect	VERB
ajrhss-2394	161	30	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	161	31	currency	currency	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	161	32	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	161	33	another	another	DET
ajrhss-2394	161	34	country	country	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	161	35	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	162	1	he	he	PRON
ajrhss-2394	162	2	can	can	AUX
ajrhss-2394	162	3	collect	collect	VERB
ajrhss-2394	162	4	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	162	5	amount	amount	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	162	6	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	162	7	currency	currency	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	162	8	indicated	indicate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	162	9	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	162	10	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	162	11	note	note	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	162	12	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	162	13	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	162	14	agent	agent	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	162	15	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	162	16	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	162	17	seller	seller	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	162	18	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	163	1	these	these	DET
ajrhss-2394	163	2	agents	agent	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	163	3	are	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	163	4	very	very	ADV
ajrhss-2394	163	5	popular	popular	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	163	6	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	163	7	have	have	VERB
ajrhss-2394	163	8	specific	specific	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	163	9	permanent	permanent	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	163	10	bases	basis	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	163	11	where	where	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	163	12	they	they	PRON
ajrhss-2394	163	13	can	can	AUX
ajrhss-2394	163	14	be	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	163	15	easily	easily	ADV
ajrhss-2394	163	16	traced	trace	VERB
ajrhss-2394	163	17	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	164	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	164	2	agents	agent	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	164	3	have	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	164	4	also	also	ADV
ajrhss-2394	164	5	organized	organize	VERB
ajrhss-2394	164	6	themselves	themselves	PRON
ajrhss-2394	164	7	under	under	ADP
ajrhss-2394	164	8	an	an	DET
ajrhss-2394	164	9	association	association	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	164	10	that	that	PRON
ajrhss-2394	164	11	not	not	PART
ajrhss-2394	164	12	only	only	ADV
ajrhss-2394	164	13	regulates	regulate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	164	14	their	their	PRON
ajrhss-2394	164	15	activities	activity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	164	16	but	but	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	164	17	also	also	ADV
ajrhss-2394	164	18	mediates	mediate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	164	19	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	164	20	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	164	21	authorities	authority	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	164	22	where	where	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	164	23	50	50	NUM
ajrhss-2394	164	24	s.	s.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	164	25	wampuk	wampuk	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	164	26	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	164	27	‘	'	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	164	28	cross	cross	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	164	29	-	-	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	164	30	border	border	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	164	31	interactions	interaction	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	164	32	between	between	ADP
ajrhss-2394	164	33	…	…	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	164	34	67	67	NUM
ajrhss-2394	164	35	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	164	36	51	51	NUM
ajrhss-2394	164	37	s.	s.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	164	38	wampuk	wampuk	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	164	39	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	164	40	‘	'	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	164	41	cross	cross	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	164	42	-	-	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	164	43	border	border	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	164	44	interactions	interaction	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	164	45	between	between	ADP
ajrhss-2394	164	46	…	…	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	164	47	71	71	NUM
ajrhss-2394	164	48	.	.	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	164	49	52	52	NUM
ajrhss-2394	164	50	ashafa	ashafa	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	164	51	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	164	52	a.m.	a.m.	ADV
ajrhss-2394	164	53	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	164	54	‘	'	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	164	55	nigeria	nigeria	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	164	56	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	164	57	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	164	58	borders	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	164	59	relation	relation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	164	60	…	…	SYM
ajrhss-2394	164	61	95	95	NUM
ajrhss-2394	164	62	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	165	1	american	american	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	165	2	journal	journal	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	165	3	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	165	4	research	research	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	165	5	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	165	6	humanities	humanity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	165	7	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	165	8	social	social	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	165	9	sciences	science	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	165	10	volume	volume	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	165	11	29	29	NUM
ajrhss-2394	165	12	october	october	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	165	13	2024	2024	NUM
ajrhss-2394	165	14	p	p	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	165	15	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	165	16	g	g	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	165	17	e	e	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	165	18	|	|	ADV
ajrhss-2394	165	19	137	137	NUM
ajrhss-2394	165	20	www.americanjournal.org	www.americanjournal.org	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	165	21	needs	need	VERB
ajrhss-2394	165	22	arise.53	arise.53	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	165	23	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	165	24	minor	minor	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	165	25	category	category	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	165	26	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	165	27	‘	'	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	165	28	yancanji	yancanji	PRON
ajrhss-2394	165	29	offers	offer	VERB
ajrhss-2394	165	30	only	only	ADV
ajrhss-2394	165	31	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	165	32	first	first	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	165	33	kind	kind	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	165	34	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	165	35	service	service	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	165	36	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	166	1	they	they	PRON
ajrhss-2394	166	2	enable	enable	VERB
ajrhss-2394	166	3	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	166	4	customer	customer	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	166	5	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	166	6	change	change	VERB
ajrhss-2394	166	7	his	his	PRON
ajrhss-2394	166	8	money	money	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	166	9	before	before	ADP
ajrhss-2394	166	10	leaving	leave	VERB
ajrhss-2394	166	11	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	166	12	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	166	13	other	other	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	166	14	side	side	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	166	15	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	166	16	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	166	17	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	166	18	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	167	1	even	even	ADV
ajrhss-2394	167	2	though	though	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	167	3	they	they	PRON
ajrhss-2394	167	4	did	do	AUX
ajrhss-2394	167	5	not	not	PART
ajrhss-2394	167	6	have	have	VERB
ajrhss-2394	167	7	agents	agent	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	167	8	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	167	9	other	other	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	167	10	states	state	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	167	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	167	12	they	they	PRON
ajrhss-2394	167	13	are	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	167	14	very	very	ADV
ajrhss-2394	167	15	ubiquitous	ubiquitous	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	167	16	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	167	17	always	always	ADV
ajrhss-2394	167	18	at	at	ADP
ajrhss-2394	167	19	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	167	20	beck	beck	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	167	21	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	167	22	call	call	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	167	23	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	167	24	anyone	anyone	PRON
ajrhss-2394	167	25	who	who	PRON
ajrhss-2394	167	26	needs	need	VERB
ajrhss-2394	167	27	their	their	PRON
ajrhss-2394	167	28	services	service	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	167	29	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	168	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	168	2	second	second	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	168	3	way	way	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	168	4	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	168	5	dealing	deal	VERB
ajrhss-2394	168	6	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	168	7	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	168	8	problem	problem	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	168	9	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	168	10	differences	difference	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	168	11	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	168	12	currency	currency	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	168	13	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	168	14	by	by	ADP
ajrhss-2394	168	15	selling	sell	VERB
ajrhss-2394	168	16	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	168	17	buying	buy	VERB
ajrhss-2394	168	18	commodities	commodity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	168	19	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	168	20	all	all	DET
ajrhss-2394	168	21	sides	side	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	168	22	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	168	23	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	168	24	borders.54	borders.54	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	168	25	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	168	26	communities	community	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	168	27	usually	usually	ADV
ajrhss-2394	168	28	use	use	VERB
ajrhss-2394	168	29	two	two	NUM
ajrhss-2394	168	30	methods	method	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	168	31	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	168	32	get	get	VERB
ajrhss-2394	168	33	their	their	PRON
ajrhss-2394	168	34	goods	good	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	168	35	across	across	ADP
ajrhss-2394	168	36	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	168	37	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	168	38	:	:	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	168	39	formal	formal	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	168	40	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	168	41	informal	informal	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	168	42	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	169	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	169	2	formal	formal	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	169	3	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	169	4	recognized	recognize	VERB
ajrhss-2394	169	5	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	169	6	officially	officially	ADV
ajrhss-2394	169	7	accepted	accept	VERB
ajrhss-2394	169	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	169	9	known	know	VERB
ajrhss-2394	169	10	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	169	11	ka’ida	ka’ida	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	169	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	169	13	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	169	14	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	169	15	informal	informal	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	169	16	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	169	17	known	know	VERB
ajrhss-2394	169	18	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	169	19	tarkake	tarkake	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	169	20	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	170	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	170	2	kaida	kaida	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	170	3	style	style	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	170	4	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	170	5	based	base	VERB
ajrhss-2394	170	6	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	170	7	informal	informal	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	170	8	agreement	agreement	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	170	9	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	170	10	mutual	mutual	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	170	11	understanding	understanding	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	170	12	between	between	ADP
ajrhss-2394	170	13	traders	trader	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	170	14	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	170	15	state	state	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	170	16	officials	official	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	170	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	170	18	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	170	19	there	there	PRON
ajrhss-2394	170	20	are	be	VERB
ajrhss-2394	170	21	two	two	NUM
ajrhss-2394	170	22	categories	category	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	170	23	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	171	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	171	2	first	first	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	171	3	category	category	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	171	4	involves	involve	VERB
ajrhss-2394	171	5	agreements	agreement	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	171	6	between	between	ADP
ajrhss-2394	171	7	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	171	8	senior	senior	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	171	9	officers	officer	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	171	10	who	who	PRON
ajrhss-2394	171	11	head	head	VERB
ajrhss-2394	171	12	organizations	organization	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	171	13	such	such	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	171	14	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	171	15	douannes	douanne	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	171	16	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	171	17	gendarmeries	gendarmerie	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	171	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	171	19	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	171	20	police	police	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	171	21	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	171	22	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	171	23	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	171	24	customs	custom	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	171	25	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	171	26	immigration	immigration	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	171	27	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	171	28	state	state	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	171	29	security	security	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	171	30	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	171	31	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	171	32	police	police	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	171	33	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	171	34	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	171	35	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	171	36	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	171	37	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	171	38	one	one	NUM
ajrhss-2394	171	39	hand	hand	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	171	40	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	171	41	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	171	42	traders	trader	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	171	43	or	or	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	171	44	intermediaries	intermediary	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	171	45	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	171	46	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	171	47	other	other	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	171	48	hand	hand	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	171	49	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	172	1	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	172	2	this	this	DET
ajrhss-2394	172	3	mode	mode	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	172	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	172	5	an	an	DET
ajrhss-2394	172	6	agreed	agree	VERB
ajrhss-2394	172	7	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	172	8	upon	upon	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	172	9	amount	amount	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	172	10	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	172	11	money	money	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	172	12	would	would	AUX
ajrhss-2394	172	13	be	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	172	14	given	give	VERB
ajrhss-2394	172	15	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	172	16	each	each	DET
ajrhss-2394	172	17	organization	organization	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	172	18	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	173	1	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	173	2	their	their	PRON
ajrhss-2394	173	3	part	part	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	173	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	173	5	officers	officer	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	173	6	cut	cut	VERB
ajrhss-2394	173	7	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	173	8	few	few	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	173	9	corners	corner	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	173	10	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	173	11	get	get	VERB
ajrhss-2394	173	12	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	173	13	paperwork	paperwork	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	173	14	done	do	VERB
ajrhss-2394	173	15	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	173	16	dispatch	dispatch	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	173	17	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	173	18	cooperate	cooperate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	173	19	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	173	20	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	173	21	traders	trader	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	173	22	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	173	23	different	different	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	173	24	ways	way	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	173	25	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	174	1	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	174	2	example	example	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	174	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	174	4	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	174	5	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	174	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	174	7	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	174	8	traders	trader	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	174	9	are	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	174	10	alerted	alert	VERB
ajrhss-2394	174	11	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	174	12	advised	advise	VERB
ajrhss-2394	174	13	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	174	14	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	174	15	next	next	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	174	16	step	step	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	174	17	whenever	whenever	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	174	18	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	174	19	federal	federal	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	174	20	patrol	patrol	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	174	21	team	team	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	174	22	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	174	23	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	174	24	duty	duty	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	174	25	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	175	1	immediately	immediately	ADV
ajrhss-2394	175	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	175	3	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	175	4	team	team	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	175	5	departs	depart	VERB
ajrhss-2394	175	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	175	7	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	175	8	it	it	PRON
ajrhss-2394	175	9	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	175	10	no	no	ADV
ajrhss-2394	175	11	longer	long	ADV
ajrhss-2394	175	12	risky	risky	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	175	13	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	175	14	proceed	proceed	VERB
ajrhss-2394	175	15	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	175	16	their	their	PRON
ajrhss-2394	175	17	trip	trip	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	175	18	;	;	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	175	19	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	175	20	traders	trader	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	175	21	are	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	175	22	informed.55	informed.55	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	175	23	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	175	24	second	second	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	175	25	category	category	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	175	26	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	175	27	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	175	28	ka’ida	ka’ida	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	175	29	approach	approach	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	175	30	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	175	31	based	base	VERB
ajrhss-2394	175	32	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	175	33	an	an	DET
ajrhss-2394	175	34	agreement	agreement	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	175	35	between	between	ADP
ajrhss-2394	175	36	traders	trader	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	175	37	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	175	38	field	field	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	175	39	officers	officer	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	175	40	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	175	41	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	175	42	junior	junior	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	175	43	cadre	cadre	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	175	44	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	176	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	176	2	significant	significant	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	176	3	difference	difference	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	176	4	between	between	ADP
ajrhss-2394	176	5	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	176	6	first	first	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	176	7	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	176	8	second	second	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	176	9	categories	category	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	176	10	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	176	11	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	176	12	rank	rank	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	176	13	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	176	14	officers	officer	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	176	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	176	16	cost	cost	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	176	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	176	18	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	176	19	risk	risk	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	176	20	involved	involve	VERB
ajrhss-2394	176	21	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	177	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	177	2	first	first	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	177	3	category	category	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	177	4	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	177	5	more	more	ADV
ajrhss-2394	177	6	expensive	expensive	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	177	7	but	but	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	177	8	less	less	ADV
ajrhss-2394	177	9	risky	risky	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	177	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	177	11	while	while	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	177	12	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	177	13	second	second	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	177	14	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	177	15	relatively	relatively	ADV
ajrhss-2394	177	16	cheap	cheap	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	177	17	but	but	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	177	18	risky.56	risky.56	VERB
ajrhss-2394	177	19	moreover	moreover	ADV
ajrhss-2394	177	20	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	177	21	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	177	22	second	second	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	177	23	category	category	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	177	24	entailed	entail	VERB
ajrhss-2394	177	25	nocturnal	nocturnal	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	177	26	journeys	journey	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	177	27	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	177	28	avoiding	avoid	VERB
ajrhss-2394	177	29	significant	significant	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	177	30	routes	route	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	177	31	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	178	1	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	178	2	be	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	178	3	sure	sure	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	178	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	178	5	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	178	6	junior	junior	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	178	7	officers	officer	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	178	8	demand	demand	VERB
ajrhss-2394	178	9	less	less	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	178	10	money	money	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	178	11	than	than	ADP
ajrhss-2394	178	12	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	178	13	senior	senior	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	178	14	officers	officer	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	178	15	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	179	1	still	still	ADV
ajrhss-2394	179	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	179	3	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	179	4	danger	danger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	179	5	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	179	6	that	that	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	179	7	it	it	PRON
ajrhss-2394	179	8	must	must	AUX
ajrhss-2394	179	9	be	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	179	10	renegotiated	renegotiate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	179	11	when	when	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	179	12	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	179	13	senior	senior	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	179	14	officers	officer	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	179	15	discover	discover	VERB
ajrhss-2394	179	16	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	179	17	deal	deal	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	179	18	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	180	1	whatever	whatever	DET
ajrhss-2394	180	2	amount	amount	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	180	3	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	180	4	money	money	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	180	5	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	180	6	junior	junior	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	180	7	officers	officer	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	180	8	received	receive	VERB
ajrhss-2394	180	9	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	180	10	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	180	11	traders	trader	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	180	12	does	do	AUX
ajrhss-2394	180	13	not	not	PART
ajrhss-2394	180	14	count	count	VERB
ajrhss-2394	180	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	180	16	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	180	17	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	180	18	agreement	agreement	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	180	19	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	180	20	invalid.57	invalid.57	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	180	21	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	180	22	second	second	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	180	23	informal	informal	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	180	24	mode	mode	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	180	25	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	180	26	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	180	27	tarkake	tarkake	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	180	28	method	method	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	180	29	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	180	30	which	which	PRON
ajrhss-2394	180	31	requires	require	VERB
ajrhss-2394	180	32	no	no	DET
ajrhss-2394	180	33	prior	prior	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	180	34	agreement	agreement	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	180	35	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	180	36	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	180	37	security	security	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	180	38	officers	officer	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	180	39	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	181	1	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	181	2	this	this	DET
ajrhss-2394	181	3	mode	mode	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	181	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	181	5	cross	cross	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	181	6	-	-	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	181	7	border	border	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	181	8	trade	trade	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	181	9	rules	rule	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	181	10	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	181	11	regulations	regulation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	181	12	are	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	181	13	deliberately	deliberately	ADV
ajrhss-2394	181	14	violated	violate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	181	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	181	16	evaded	evade	VERB
ajrhss-2394	181	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	181	18	or	or	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	181	19	ignored	ignore	VERB
ajrhss-2394	181	20	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	182	1	it	it	PRON
ajrhss-2394	182	2	requires	require	VERB
ajrhss-2394	182	3	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	182	4	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	182	5	trade	trade	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	182	6	routes	route	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	182	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	182	8	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	182	9	ability	ability	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	182	10	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	182	11	evade	evade	VERB
ajrhss-2394	182	12	security	security	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	182	13	personnel	personnel	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	182	14	or	or	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	182	15	their	their	PRON
ajrhss-2394	182	16	informants	informant	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	182	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	182	18	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	182	19	ability	ability	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	182	20	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	182	21	conduct	conduct	VERB
ajrhss-2394	182	22	successful	successful	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	182	23	impromptu	impromptu	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	182	24	negotiations	negotiation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	182	25	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	182	26	them	they	PRON
ajrhss-2394	182	27	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	182	28	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	182	29	money	money	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	182	30	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	182	31	strike	strike	VERB
ajrhss-2394	182	32	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	182	33	deal	deal	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	182	34	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	182	35	them	they	PRON
ajrhss-2394	182	36	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	182	37	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	182	38	event	event	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	182	39	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	182	40	failure	failure	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	182	41	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	182	42	evade	evade	VERB
ajrhss-2394	182	43	them	they	PRON
ajrhss-2394	182	44	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	183	1	this	this	DET
ajrhss-2394	183	2	mode	mode	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	183	3	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	183	4	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	183	5	riskiest	risky	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	183	6	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	183	7	all	all	DET
ajrhss-2394	183	8	modes	mode	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	183	9	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	184	1	this	this	PRON
ajrhss-2394	184	2	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	184	3	partly	partly	ADV
ajrhss-2394	184	4	because	because	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	184	5	if	if	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	184	6	negotiation	negotiation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	184	7	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	184	8	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	184	9	customs	custom	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	184	10	officers	officer	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	184	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	184	12	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	184	13	example	example	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	184	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	184	15	failed	fail	VERB
ajrhss-2394	184	16	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	184	17	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	184	18	goods	good	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	184	19	would	would	AUX
ajrhss-2394	184	20	be	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	184	21	confiscated	confiscate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	184	22	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	184	23	contraband	contraband	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	184	24	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	184	25	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	184	26	owner	owner	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	184	27	arrested	arrest	VERB
ajrhss-2394	184	28	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	185	1	under	under	ADP
ajrhss-2394	185	2	such	such	DET
ajrhss-2394	185	3	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	185	4	circumstance	circumstance	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	185	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	185	6	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	185	7	trader	trader	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	185	8	has	have	VERB
ajrhss-2394	185	9	few	few	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	185	10	options	option	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	185	11	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	186	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	186	2	first	first	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	186	3	option	option	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	186	4	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	186	5	resigning	resign	VERB
ajrhss-2394	186	6	himself	himself	PRON
ajrhss-2394	186	7	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	186	8	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	186	9	prospect	prospect	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	186	10	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	186	11	being	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	186	12	jailed	jail	VERB
ajrhss-2394	186	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	186	14	which	which	PRON
ajrhss-2394	186	15	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	186	16	not	not	PART
ajrhss-2394	186	17	an	an	DET
ajrhss-2394	186	18	option.58	option.58	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	186	19	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	186	20	second	second	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	186	21	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	186	22	bribing	bribe	VERB
ajrhss-2394	186	23	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	186	24	officers	officer	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	186	25	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	186	26	‘	'	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	186	27	buy	buy	VERB
ajrhss-2394	186	28	his	his	PRON
ajrhss-2394	186	29	freedom	freedom	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	186	30	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	186	31	’	'	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	187	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	187	2	third	third	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	187	3	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	187	4	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	187	5	hire	hire	VERB
ajrhss-2394	187	6	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	187	7	services	service	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	187	8	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	187	9	people	people	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	187	10	who	who	PRON
ajrhss-2394	187	11	acted	act	VERB
ajrhss-2394	187	12	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	187	13	intermediaries	intermediary	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	187	14	between	between	ADP
ajrhss-2394	187	15	customs	custom	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	187	16	officers	officer	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	187	17	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	187	18	traders	trader	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	187	19	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	187	20	which	which	PRON
ajrhss-2394	187	21	means	mean	VERB
ajrhss-2394	187	22	readiness	readiness	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	187	23	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	187	24	any	any	DET
ajrhss-2394	187	25	astronomical	astronomical	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	187	26	sums	sum	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	187	27	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	187	28	get	get	VERB
ajrhss-2394	187	29	his	his	PRON
ajrhss-2394	187	30	goods	good	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	187	31	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	187	32	freedom	freedom	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	187	33	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	188	1	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	188	2	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	188	3	fourth	fourth	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	188	4	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	188	5	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	188	6	devise	devise	VERB
ajrhss-2394	188	7	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	188	8	foolproof	foolproof	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	188	9	way	way	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	188	10	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	188	11	sneaking	sneak	VERB
ajrhss-2394	188	12	away	away	ADV
ajrhss-2394	188	13	without	without	ADP
ajrhss-2394	188	14	being	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	188	15	seen	see	VERB
ajrhss-2394	188	16	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	189	1	53	53	NUM
ajrhss-2394	189	2	alhaji	alhaji	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	189	3	hamisu	hamisu	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	189	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	189	5	55	55	NUM
ajrhss-2394	189	6	years	year	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	189	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	189	8	former	former	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	189	9	local	local	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	189	10	government	government	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	189	11	chairman	chairman	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	189	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	189	13	jibiya	jibiya	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	189	14	lga	lga	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	189	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	189	16	interviewed	interview	VERB
ajrhss-2394	189	17	at	at	ADP
ajrhss-2394	189	18	magama	magama	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	189	19	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	189	20	january	january	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	189	21	02	02	NUM
ajrhss-2394	189	22	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	189	23	2022	2022	NUM
ajrhss-2394	189	24	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	190	1	54	54	NUM
ajrhss-2394	190	2	see	see	VERB
ajrhss-2394	190	3	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	190	4	instance	instance	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	190	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	190	6	sama’ila	sama’ila	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	190	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	190	8	a.	a.	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	190	9	“	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	190	10	cross	cross	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	190	11	-	-	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	190	12	border	border	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	190	13	trade	trade	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	190	14	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	190	15	parallel	parallel	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	190	16	currency	currency	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	190	17	exchange	exchange	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	190	18	markets	market	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	190	19	across	across	ADP
ajrhss-2394	190	20	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	190	21	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	190	22	benin	benin	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	190	23	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	190	24	areas	area	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	190	25	”	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	190	26	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	190	27	y.	y.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	190	28	abubakar	abubakar	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	190	29	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	190	30	t.	t.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	190	31	wuam	wuam	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	190	32	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	190	33	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	190	34	eds	ed	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	190	35	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	190	36	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	190	37	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	190	38	’s	’s	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	190	39	apex	apex	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	190	40	bank	bank	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	190	41	:	:	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	190	42	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	190	43	central	central	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	190	44	bankof	bankof	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	190	45	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	190	46	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	190	47	cbn	cbn	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	190	48	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	190	49	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	190	50	its	its	PRON
ajrhss-2394	190	51	major	major	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	190	52	role	role	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	190	53	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	190	54	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	190	55	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	190	56	economy	economy	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	190	57	since	since	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	190	58	1958	1958	NUM
ajrhss-2394	190	59	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	190	60	bahiti	bahiti	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	190	61	&	&	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	190	62	dalila	dalila	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	190	63	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	190	64	lagos	lago	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	190	65	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	190	66	isbn	isbn	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	190	67	:	:	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	190	68	978	978	NUM
ajrhss-2394	190	69	-	-	SYM
ajrhss-2394	190	70	978	978	NUM
ajrhss-2394	190	71	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	190	72	8546	8546	NUM
ajrhss-2394	190	73	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	190	74	57	57	NUM
ajrhss-2394	190	75	-	-	SYM
ajrhss-2394	190	76	3	3	NUM
ajrhss-2394	190	77	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	190	78	2021	2021	NUM
ajrhss-2394	190	79	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	190	80	p.	p.	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	190	81	296	296	NUM
ajrhss-2394	190	82	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	190	83	55	55	NUM
ajrhss-2394	190	84	arzika	arzika	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	190	85	…	…	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	190	86	56	56	NUM
ajrhss-2394	190	87	vanguard	vanguard	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	190	88	newspaper	newspaper	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	190	89	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	190	90	october	october	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	190	91	18	18	NUM
ajrhss-2394	190	92	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	190	93	2016	2016	NUM
ajrhss-2394	190	94	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	191	1	57	57	NUM
ajrhss-2394	191	2	sama’ila	sama’ila	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	191	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	191	4	a.	a.	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	191	5	“	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	191	6	cross	cross	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	191	7	-	-	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	191	8	border	border	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	191	9	trade	trade	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	191	10	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	191	11	…	…	SYM
ajrhss-2394	191	12	.298	.298	NUM
ajrhss-2394	191	13	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	192	1	58	58	NUM
ajrhss-2394	192	2	sumaila	sumaila	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	192	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	192	4	a.	a.	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	192	5	“	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	192	6	cross	cross	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	192	7	-	-	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	192	8	border	border	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	192	9	trade	trade	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	192	10	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	192	11	…	…	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	192	12	american	american	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	192	13	journal	journal	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	192	14	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	192	15	research	research	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	192	16	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	192	17	humanities	humanity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	192	18	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	192	19	social	social	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	192	20	sciences	science	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	192	21	volume	volume	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	192	22	29	29	NUM
ajrhss-2394	192	23	october	october	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	192	24	2024	2024	NUM
ajrhss-2394	192	25	p	p	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	192	26	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	192	27	g	g	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	192	28	e	e	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	192	29	|	|	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	192	30	138	138	NUM
ajrhss-2394	192	31	www.americanjournal.org	www.americanjournal.org	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	192	32	informal	informal	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	192	33	cross	cross	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	192	34	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	192	35	trade	trade	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	192	36	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	192	37	icbt	icbt	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	192	38	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	192	39	this	this	PRON
ajrhss-2394	192	40	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	192	41	another	another	DET
ajrhss-2394	192	42	important	important	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	192	43	area	area	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	192	44	where	where	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	192	45	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	192	46	indigenes	indigene	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	192	47	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	192	48	zamfara	zamfara	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	192	49	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	192	50	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	192	51	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	192	52	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	192	53	maradi	maradi	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	192	54	participate	participate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	192	55	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	192	56	relate	relate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	192	57	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	192	58	one	one	NUM
ajrhss-2394	192	59	another	another	DET
ajrhss-2394	192	60	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	193	1	informal	informal	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	193	2	cross	cross	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	193	3	-	-	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	193	4	border	border	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	193	5	trade	trade	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	193	6	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	193	7	an	an	DET
ajrhss-2394	193	8	undocumented	undocumented	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	193	9	trade	trade	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	193	10	between	between	ADP
ajrhss-2394	193	11	one	one	NUM
ajrhss-2394	193	12	country	country	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	193	13	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	193	14	another	another	PRON
ajrhss-2394	193	15	that	that	PRON
ajrhss-2394	193	16	shares	share	VERB
ajrhss-2394	193	17	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	193	18	common	common	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	193	19	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	193	20	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	193	21	usually	usually	ADV
ajrhss-2394	193	22	described	describe	VERB
ajrhss-2394	193	23	by	by	ADP
ajrhss-2394	193	24	people	people	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	193	25	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	193	26	smuggling	smuggling	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	193	27	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	194	1	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	194	2	other	other	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	194	3	words	word	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	194	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	194	5	it	it	PRON
ajrhss-2394	194	6	refers	refer	VERB
ajrhss-2394	194	7	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	194	8	imports	import	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	194	9	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	194	10	exports	export	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	194	11	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	194	12	legitimately	legitimately	ADV
ajrhss-2394	194	13	produced	produce	VERB
ajrhss-2394	194	14	goods	good	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	194	15	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	194	16	services	service	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	194	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	194	18	which	which	PRON
ajrhss-2394	194	19	directly	directly	ADV
ajrhss-2394	194	20	or	or	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	194	21	indirectly	indirectly	ADV
ajrhss-2394	194	22	escape	escape	VERB
ajrhss-2394	194	23	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	194	24	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	194	25	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	194	26	framework	framework	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	194	27	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	194	28	taxation	taxation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	194	29	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	194	30	other	other	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	194	31	producers	producer	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	194	32	set	set	VERB
ajrhss-2394	194	33	by	by	ADP
ajrhss-2394	194	34	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	194	35	government	government	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	194	36	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	194	37	often	often	ADV
ajrhss-2394	194	38	go	go	VERB
ajrhss-2394	194	39	unrecorded	unrecorded	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	194	40	or	or	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	194	41	incorrectly	incorrectly	ADV
ajrhss-2394	194	42	recorded	record	VERB
ajrhss-2394	194	43	into	into	ADP
ajrhss-2394	194	44	official	official	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	194	45	national	national	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	194	46	statistics	statistic	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	194	47	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	194	48	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	194	49	trading	trading	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	194	50	countries.59	countries.59	VERB
ajrhss-2394	194	51	goods	good	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	194	52	smuggled	smuggle	VERB
ajrhss-2394	194	53	into	into	ADP
ajrhss-2394	194	54	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	194	55	republic	republic	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	194	56	through	through	ADP
ajrhss-2394	194	57	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	194	58	jibia	jibia	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	194	59	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	194	60	included	include	VERB
ajrhss-2394	194	61	corn	corn	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	194	62	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	194	63	millet	millet	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	194	64	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	194	65	maize	maize	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	194	66	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	194	67	groundnut	groundnut	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	194	68	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	194	69	leather	leather	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	194	70	works	work	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	194	71	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	194	72	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	194	73	cotton	cotton	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	194	74	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	194	75	among	among	ADP
ajrhss-2394	194	76	others	other	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	194	77	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	195	1	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	195	2	return	return	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	195	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	195	4	goods	good	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	195	5	such	such	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	195	6	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	195	7	scents	scent	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	195	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	195	9	spirits	spirit	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	195	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	195	11	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	195	12	cigarettes	cigarette	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	195	13	like	like	ADP
ajrhss-2394	195	14	benson	benson	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	195	15	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	195	16	rothmans	rothmans	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	195	17	were	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	195	18	smuggled	smuggle	VERB
ajrhss-2394	195	19	into	into	ADP
ajrhss-2394	195	20	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	195	21	also	also	ADV
ajrhss-2394	195	22	via	via	ADP
ajrhss-2394	195	23	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	195	24	jibia	jibia	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	195	25	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	195	26	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	196	1	however	however	ADV
ajrhss-2394	196	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	196	3	due	due	ADP
ajrhss-2394	196	4	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	196	5	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	196	6	increase	increase	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	196	7	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	196	8	population	population	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	196	9	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	196	10	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	196	11	demand	demand	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	196	12	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	196	13	food	food	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	196	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	196	15	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	196	16	smuggling	smuggling	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	196	17	exercise	exercise	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	196	18	took	take	VERB
ajrhss-2394	196	19	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	196	20	new	new	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	196	21	dimension	dimension	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	196	22	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	197	1	new	new	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	197	2	goods	good	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	197	3	such	such	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	197	4	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	197	5	rice	rice	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	197	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	197	7	spaghetti	spaghetti	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	197	8	noodles	noodle	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	197	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	197	10	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	197	11	vegetable	vegetable	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	197	12	oil	oil	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	197	13	were	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	197	14	mainly	mainly	ADV
ajrhss-2394	197	15	smuggled	smuggle	VERB
ajrhss-2394	197	16	into	into	ADP
ajrhss-2394	197	17	different	different	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	197	18	parts	part	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	197	19	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	197	20	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	197	21	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	197	22	towns	town	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	197	23	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	198	1	vehicles	vehicle	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	198	2	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	198	3	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	198	4	peugeot	peugeot	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	198	5	brand	brand	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	198	6	loaded	load	VERB
ajrhss-2394	198	7	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	198	8	tones	tone	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	198	9	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	198	10	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	198	11	aforementioned	aforementione	VERB
ajrhss-2394	198	12	goods	good	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	198	13	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	198	14	maradi	maradi	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	198	15	were	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	198	16	smuggled	smuggle	VERB
ajrhss-2394	198	17	into	into	ADP
ajrhss-2394	198	18	villages	village	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	198	19	around	around	ADP
ajrhss-2394	198	20	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	198	21	almost	almost	ADV
ajrhss-2394	198	22	every	every	PRON
ajrhss-2394	198	23	day	day	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	198	24	at	at	ADP
ajrhss-2394	198	25	night	night	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	198	26	till	till	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	198	27	daybreak	daybreak	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	198	28	via	via	ADP
ajrhss-2394	198	29	numerous	numerous	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	198	30	bush	bush	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	198	31	trails	trail	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	198	32	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	198	33	main	main	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	198	34	roads	road	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	198	35	after	after	ADP
ajrhss-2394	198	36	‘	'	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	198	37	clearing	clearing	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	198	38	’	'	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	198	39	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	198	40	law	law	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	198	41	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	198	42	agencies	agency	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	198	43	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	199	1	other	other	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	199	2	important	important	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	199	3	goods	good	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	199	4	involved	involve	VERB
ajrhss-2394	199	5	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	199	6	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	199	7	smuggling	smuggling	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	199	8	activity	activity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	199	9	are	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	199	10	textile	textile	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	199	11	materials.60	materials.60	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	199	12	every	every	DET
ajrhss-2394	199	13	monday	monday	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	199	14	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	199	15	thursday	thursday	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	199	16	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	199	17	hundreds	hundred	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	199	18	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	199	19	trucks	truck	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	199	20	loaded	load	VERB
ajrhss-2394	199	21	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	199	22	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	199	23	materials	material	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	199	24	are	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	199	25	transported	transport	VERB
ajrhss-2394	199	26	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	199	27	maradi	maradi	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	199	28	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	199	29	dan	dan	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	199	30	issa	issa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	199	31	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	199	32	jibiya	jibiya	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	199	33	through	through	ADP
ajrhss-2394	199	34	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	199	35	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	199	36	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	199	37	kana	kana	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	199	38	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	200	1	it	it	PRON
ajrhss-2394	200	2	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	200	3	worth	worth	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	200	4	noting	note	VERB
ajrhss-2394	200	5	that	that	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	200	6	trade	trade	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	200	7	plays	play	VERB
ajrhss-2394	200	8	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	200	9	vital	vital	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	200	10	role	role	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	200	11	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	200	12	job	job	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	200	13	creation	creation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	200	14	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	200	15	reducing	reduce	VERB
ajrhss-2394	200	16	social	social	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	200	17	vices	vice	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	200	18	among	among	ADP
ajrhss-2394	200	19	teaming	team	VERB
ajrhss-2394	200	20	youths	youth	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	200	21	as	as	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	200	22	it	it	PRON
ajrhss-2394	200	23	promotes	promote	VERB
ajrhss-2394	200	24	peaceful	peaceful	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	200	25	coexistence	coexistence	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	200	26	among	among	ADP
ajrhss-2394	200	27	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	200	28	communities	community	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	200	29	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	201	1	reliable	reliable	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	201	2	information	information	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	201	3	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	201	4	indeed	indeed	ADV
ajrhss-2394	201	5	central	central	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	201	6	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	201	7	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	201	8	success	success	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	201	9	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	201	10	any	any	DET
ajrhss-2394	201	11	organization	organization	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	201	12	or	or	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	201	13	group	group	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	201	14	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	202	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	202	2	role	role	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	202	3	played	play	VERB
ajrhss-2394	202	4	by	by	ADP
ajrhss-2394	202	5	informants	informant	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	202	6	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	202	7	icbt	icbt	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	202	8	across	across	ADP
ajrhss-2394	202	9	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	202	10	borderlands	borderland	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	202	11	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	202	12	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	202	13	study	study	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	202	14	area	area	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	202	15	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	202	16	other	other	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	202	17	borderland	borderland	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	202	18	areas	area	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	202	19	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	202	20	so	so	ADV
ajrhss-2394	202	21	decisive	decisive	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	202	22	that	that	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	202	23	without	without	ADP
ajrhss-2394	202	24	informants	informant	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	202	25	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	202	26	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	202	27	success	success	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	202	28	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	202	29	icbt	icbt	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	202	30	activities	activity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	202	31	across	across	ADP
ajrhss-2394	202	32	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	202	33	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	202	34	borders	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	202	35	will	will	AUX
ajrhss-2394	202	36	indeed	indeed	ADV
ajrhss-2394	202	37	be	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	202	38	insignificant	insignificant	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	202	39	or	or	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	202	40	even	even	ADV
ajrhss-2394	202	41	be	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	202	42	thwarted	thwart	VERB
ajrhss-2394	202	43	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	203	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	203	2	entire	entire	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	203	3	icbt	icbt	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	203	4	activity	activity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	203	5	network	network	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	203	6	depends	depend	VERB
ajrhss-2394	203	7	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	203	8	reliable	reliable	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	203	9	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	203	10	updated	update	VERB
ajrhss-2394	203	11	information	information	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	203	12	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	203	13	avoid	avoid	VERB
ajrhss-2394	203	14	losses	loss	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	203	15	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	204	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
ajrhss-2394	204	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	204	3	they	they	PRON
ajrhss-2394	204	4	need	need	VERB
ajrhss-2394	204	5	information	information	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	204	6	about	about	ADP
ajrhss-2394	204	7	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	204	8	whereabouts	whereabouts	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	204	9	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	204	10	security	security	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	204	11	agents	agent	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	204	12	operating	operate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	204	13	at	at	ADP
ajrhss-2394	204	14	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	204	15	borderlands	borderland	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	204	16	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	204	17	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	204	18	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	204	19	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	204	20	their	their	PRON
ajrhss-2394	204	21	operations	operation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	204	22	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	205	1	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	205	2	achieve	achieve	VERB
ajrhss-2394	205	3	this	this	PRON
ajrhss-2394	205	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	205	5	traders	trader	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	205	6	secretly	secretly	ADV
ajrhss-2394	205	7	recruit	recruit	VERB
ajrhss-2394	205	8	informants	informant	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	205	9	among	among	ADP
ajrhss-2394	205	10	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	205	11	communities	community	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	205	12	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	205	13	keep	keep	VERB
ajrhss-2394	205	14	close	close	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	205	15	watch	watch	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	205	16	over	over	ADP
ajrhss-2394	205	17	security	security	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	205	18	agents	agent	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	205	19	stationed	station	VERB
ajrhss-2394	205	20	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	205	21	strategic	strategic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	205	22	areas	area	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	205	23	like	like	ADP
ajrhss-2394	205	24	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	205	25	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	205	26	posts	post	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	205	27	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	205	28	roadblocks	roadblock	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	205	29	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	205	30	or	or	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	205	31	illegal	illegal	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	205	32	routes	route	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	205	33	where	where	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	205	34	security	security	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	205	35	agents	agent	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	205	36	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	205	37	particularly	particularly	ADV
ajrhss-2394	205	38	customs	custom	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	205	39	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	205	40	are	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	205	41	stationed	station	VERB
ajrhss-2394	205	42	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	206	1	different	different	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	206	2	sets	set	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	206	3	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	206	4	people	people	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	206	5	operate	operate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	206	6	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	206	7	informants	informant	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	206	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	206	9	which	which	PRON
ajrhss-2394	206	10	include	include	VERB
ajrhss-2394	206	11	local	local	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	206	12	community	community	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	206	13	members	member	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	206	14	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	206	15	several	several	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	206	16	villages	village	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	206	17	along	along	ADP
ajrhss-2394	206	18	smuggling	smuggling	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	206	19	routes	route	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	206	20	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	206	21	such	such	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	206	22	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	206	23	hirji	hirji	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	206	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	206	25	dan	dan	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	206	26	issa	issa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	206	27	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	206	28	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	206	29	kukar	kukar	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	206	30	babangida	babangida	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	206	31	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	206	32	among	among	ADP
ajrhss-2394	206	33	others	other	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	206	34	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	207	1	icbt	icbt	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	207	2	traders	trader	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	207	3	or	or	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	207	4	victims	victim	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	207	5	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	207	6	customs	custom	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	207	7	seizure	seizure	VERB
ajrhss-2394	207	8	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	207	9	security	security	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	207	10	agents	agent	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	207	11	who	who	PRON
ajrhss-2394	207	12	serve	serve	VERB
ajrhss-2394	207	13	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	207	14	moles	mole	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	207	15	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	207	16	thereby	thereby	ADV
ajrhss-2394	207	17	pass	pass	VERB
ajrhss-2394	207	18	unto	unto	ADP
ajrhss-2394	207	19	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	207	20	icbt	icbt	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	207	21	agents	agent	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	207	22	decisions	decision	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	207	23	taken	take	VERB
ajrhss-2394	207	24	by	by	ADP
ajrhss-2394	207	25	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	207	26	security	security	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	207	27	circle	circle	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	207	28	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	207	29	or	or	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	207	30	against	against	ADP
ajrhss-2394	207	31	them.61	them.61	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	207	32	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	207	33	this	this	DET
ajrhss-2394	207	34	respect	respect	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	207	35	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	207	36	while	while	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	207	37	some	some	PRON
ajrhss-2394	207	38	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	207	39	these	these	DET
ajrhss-2394	207	40	informants	informant	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	207	41	are	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	207	42	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	207	43	their	their	PRON
ajrhss-2394	207	44	icbt	icbt	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	207	45	agents	agent	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	207	46	'	'	PART
ajrhss-2394	207	47	payroll	payroll	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	207	48	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	207	49	others	other	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	207	50	are	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	207	51	freelancers	freelancer	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	207	52	who	who	PRON
ajrhss-2394	207	53	are	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	207	54	paid	pay	VERB
ajrhss-2394	207	55	based	base	VERB
ajrhss-2394	207	56	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	207	57	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	207	58	information	information	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	207	59	they	they	PRON
ajrhss-2394	207	60	provide.62	provide.62	VERB
ajrhss-2394	207	61	hence	hence	ADV
ajrhss-2394	207	62	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	207	63	informants	informant	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	207	64	among	among	ADP
ajrhss-2394	207	65	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	207	66	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	207	67	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	207	68	maradi	maradi	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	207	69	axis	axis	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	207	70	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	207	71	communities	community	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	207	72	provide	provide	VERB
ajrhss-2394	207	73	information	information	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	207	74	that	that	PRON
ajrhss-2394	207	75	counters	counter	VERB
ajrhss-2394	207	76	security	security	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	207	77	strategies	strategy	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	207	78	adopted	adopt	VERB
ajrhss-2394	207	79	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	207	80	curb	curb	VERB
ajrhss-2394	207	81	icbt	icbt	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	207	82	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	207	83	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	207	84	area.63	area.63	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	207	85	therefore	therefore	ADV
ajrhss-2394	207	86	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	207	87	they	they	PRON
ajrhss-2394	207	88	are	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	207	89	central	central	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	207	90	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	207	91	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	207	92	survival	survival	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	207	93	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	207	94	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	207	95	trading	trading	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	207	96	network	network	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	207	97	;	;	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	207	98	they	they	PRON
ajrhss-2394	207	99	are	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	207	100	also	also	ADV
ajrhss-2394	207	101	detrimental	detrimental	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	207	102	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	207	103	security	security	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	207	104	operations	operation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	207	105	along	along	ADP
ajrhss-2394	207	106	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	207	107	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	207	108	areas	area	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	207	109	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	208	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
ajrhss-2394	208	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	208	3	through	through	ADP
ajrhss-2394	208	4	these	these	DET
ajrhss-2394	208	5	informants	informant	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	208	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	208	7	icbt	icbt	ADP
ajrhss-2394	208	8	59	59	NUM
ajrhss-2394	208	9	abubakar	abubakar	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	208	10	liman	liman	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	208	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	208	12	informal	informal	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	208	13	cross	cross	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	208	14	-	-	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	208	15	border	border	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	208	16	trade	trade	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	208	17	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	208	18	national	national	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	208	19	security	security	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	208	20	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	208	21	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	208	22	:	:	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	208	23	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	208	24	study	study	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	208	25	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	208	26	north	north	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	208	27	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	208	28	western	western	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	208	29	borderlands	borderland	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	208	30	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	208	31	sokoto	sokoto	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	208	32	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	208	33	kebbi	kebbi	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	208	34	states	state	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	208	35	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	208	36	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	208	37	phd	phd	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	208	38	political	political	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	208	39	science	science	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	208	40	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	208	41	november	november	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	208	42	2021),135	2021),135	NUM
ajrhss-2394	208	43	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	209	1	60	60	NUM
ajrhss-2394	209	2	abubakar	abubakar	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	209	3	liman	liman	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	209	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	209	5	informal	informal	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	209	6	cross	cross	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	209	7	-	-	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	209	8	border	border	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	209	9	trade	trade	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	209	10	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	209	11	national	national	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	209	12	security	security	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	209	13	…	…	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	209	14	.144	.144	NUM
ajrhss-2394	209	15	61	61	NUM
ajrhss-2394	209	16	abubakar	abubakar	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	209	17	liman	liman	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	209	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	209	19	informal	informal	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	209	20	cross	cross	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	209	21	-	-	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	209	22	border	border	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	209	23	trade	trade	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	209	24	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	209	25	national	national	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	209	26	security	security	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	209	27	…	…	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	209	28	145	145	NUM
ajrhss-2394	209	29	62	62	NUM
ajrhss-2394	209	30	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	209	31	respect	respect	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	209	32	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	209	33	this	this	DET
ajrhss-2394	209	34	see	see	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	209	35	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	209	36	a.	a.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	209	37	kassim	kassim	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	209	38	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	209	39	‘	'	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	209	40	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	209	41	evolution	evolution	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	209	42	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	209	43	development	development	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	209	44	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	209	45	jibia	jibia	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	209	46	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	209	47	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	209	48	town	town	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	209	49	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	209	50	1980	1980	NUM
ajrhss-2394	209	51	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	209	52	unpublished	unpublished	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	209	53	m.a	m.a	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	209	54	.	.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	209	55	bayero	bayero	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	209	56	university	university	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	209	57	kano	kano	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	209	58	.	.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	209	59	1992	1992	NUM
ajrhss-2394	209	60	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	209	61	22	22	NUM
ajrhss-2394	209	62	.	.	NUM
ajrhss-2394	209	63	63	63	NUM
ajrhss-2394	209	64	group	group	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	209	65	interview	interview	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	209	66	:	:	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	209	67	alhaji	alhaji	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	209	68	nafiu	nafiu	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	209	69	sani	sani	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	209	70	dadinkowa	dadinkowa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	209	71	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	209	72	44	44	NUM
ajrhss-2394	209	73	years	year	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	209	74	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	209	75	cross	cross	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	209	76	-	-	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	209	77	border	border	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	209	78	trader	trader	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	209	79	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	209	80	jibia	jibia	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	209	81	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	209	82	market	market	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	209	83	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	209	84	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	209	85	magama	magama	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	209	86	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	209	87	jibia	jibia	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	209	88	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	209	89	market	market	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	209	90	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	209	91	;	;	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	209	92	alhaji	alhaji	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	209	93	kabir	kabir	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	209	94	bashi	bashi	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	209	95	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	209	96	45	45	NUM
ajrhss-2394	209	97	years	year	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	209	98	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	209	99	cross	cross	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	209	100	-	-	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	209	101	border	border	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	209	102	trader	trader	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	209	103	;	;	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	209	104	alhaji	alhaji	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	209	105	isyaku	isyaku	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	209	106	ahmad	ahmad	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	209	107	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	209	108	hero	hero	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	209	109	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	209	110	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	209	111	42	42	NUM
ajrhss-2394	209	112	years	year	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	209	113	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	209	114	cross	cross	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	209	115	-	-	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	209	116	border	border	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	209	117	trader	trader	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	209	118	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	209	119	jibia	jibia	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	209	120	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	209	121	market	market	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	209	122	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	209	123	january	january	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	209	124	14	14	NUM
ajrhss-2394	209	125	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	209	126	2022	2022	NUM
ajrhss-2394	209	127	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	210	1	american	american	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	210	2	journal	journal	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	210	3	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	210	4	research	research	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	210	5	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	210	6	humanities	humanity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	210	7	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	210	8	social	social	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	210	9	sciences	science	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	210	10	volume	volume	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	210	11	29	29	NUM
ajrhss-2394	210	12	october	october	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	210	13	2024	2024	NUM
ajrhss-2394	210	14	p	p	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	210	15	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	210	16	g	g	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	210	17	e	e	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	210	18	|	|	ADV
ajrhss-2394	210	19	139	139	NUM
ajrhss-2394	210	20	www.americanjournal.org	www.americanjournal.org	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	210	21	agents	agent	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	210	22	often	often	ADV
ajrhss-2394	210	23	succeeded	succeed	VERB
ajrhss-2394	210	24	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	210	25	bypassing	bypass	VERB
ajrhss-2394	210	26	security	security	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	210	27	agents	agent	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	210	28	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	211	1	generally	generally	ADV
ajrhss-2394	211	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	211	3	citizens	citizen	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	211	4	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	211	5	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	211	6	communities	community	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	211	7	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	211	8	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	211	9	area	area	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	211	10	consider	consider	VERB
ajrhss-2394	211	11	icbt	icbt	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	211	12	activities	activity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	211	13	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	211	14	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	211	15	right	right	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	211	16	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	212	1	this	this	PRON
ajrhss-2394	212	2	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	212	3	further	far	ADV
ajrhss-2394	212	4	compounded	compound	VERB
ajrhss-2394	212	5	by	by	ADP
ajrhss-2394	212	6	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	212	7	fact	fact	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	212	8	that	that	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	212	9	most	most	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	212	10	business	business	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	212	11	elites	elite	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	212	12	are	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	212	13	known	know	VERB
ajrhss-2394	212	14	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	212	15	have	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	212	16	acquired	acquire	VERB
ajrhss-2394	212	17	their	their	PRON
ajrhss-2394	212	18	riches	rich	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	212	19	through	through	ADP
ajrhss-2394	212	20	icbt	icbt	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	212	21	activities	activity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	212	22	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	213	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	213	2	low	low	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	213	3	level	level	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	213	4	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	213	5	education	education	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	213	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	213	7	poor	poor	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	213	8	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	213	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	213	10	inadequate	inadequate	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	213	11	social	social	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	213	12	amenities	amenity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	213	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	213	14	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	213	15	low	low	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	213	16	literacy	literacy	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	213	17	level	level	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	213	18	among	among	ADP
ajrhss-2394	213	19	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	213	20	population	population	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	213	21	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	213	22	these	these	DET
ajrhss-2394	213	23	communities	community	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	213	24	further	far	ADV
ajrhss-2394	213	25	make	make	VERB
ajrhss-2394	213	26	it	it	PRON
ajrhss-2394	213	27	very	very	ADV
ajrhss-2394	213	28	difficult	difficult	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	213	29	for	for	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	213	30	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	213	31	security	security	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	213	32	agencies	agency	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	213	33	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	213	34	educate	educate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	213	35	them	they	PRON
ajrhss-2394	213	36	about	about	ADP
ajrhss-2394	213	37	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	213	38	threats	threat	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	213	39	posed	pose	VERB
ajrhss-2394	213	40	by	by	ADP
ajrhss-2394	213	41	icbt	icbt	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	213	42	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	213	43	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	213	44	national	national	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	213	45	security	security	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	213	46	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	214	1	another	another	DET
ajrhss-2394	214	2	reason	reason	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	214	3	why	why	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	214	4	icbt	icbt	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	214	5	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	214	6	very	very	ADV
ajrhss-2394	214	7	strong	strong	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	214	8	among	among	ADP
ajrhss-2394	214	9	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	214	10	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	214	11	communities	community	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	214	12	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	214	13	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	214	14	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	214	15	maradi	maradi	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	214	16	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	214	17	that	that	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	214	18	political	political	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	214	19	connections	connection	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	214	20	are	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	214	21	at	at	ADP
ajrhss-2394	214	22	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	214	23	highest	high	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	214	24	level	level	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	214	25	within	within	ADP
ajrhss-2394	214	26	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	214	27	context	context	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	214	28	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	214	29	nigeria	nigeria	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	214	30	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	214	31	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	214	32	relations	relation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	214	33	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	215	1	this	this	PRON
ajrhss-2394	215	2	ensured	ensure	VERB
ajrhss-2394	215	3	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	215	4	continuation	continuation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	215	5	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	215	6	activities	activity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	215	7	that	that	PRON
ajrhss-2394	215	8	were	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	215	9	integrated	integrate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	215	10	within	within	ADP
ajrhss-2394	215	11	broad	broad	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	215	12	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	215	13	deeply	deeply	ADV
ajrhss-2394	215	14	internationalized	internationalized	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	215	15	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	215	16	games	game	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	215	17	that	that	PRON
ajrhss-2394	215	18	involve	involve	VERB
ajrhss-2394	215	19	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	215	20	communities	community	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	215	21	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	216	1	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	216	2	instance	instance	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	216	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	216	4	by	by	ADP
ajrhss-2394	216	5	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	216	6	late	late	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	216	7	2000s	2000s	NUM
ajrhss-2394	216	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	216	9	one	one	NUM
ajrhss-2394	216	10	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	216	11	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	216	12	richest	rich	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	216	13	businessmen	businessman	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	216	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	216	15	alhaji	alhaji	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	216	16	dahiru	dahiru	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	216	17	mangal	mangal	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	216	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	216	19	controlled	control	VERB
ajrhss-2394	216	20	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	216	21	his	his	PRON
ajrhss-2394	216	22	base	base	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	216	23	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	216	24	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	216	25	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	216	26	fleet	fleet	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	216	27	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	216	28	no	no	DET
ajrhss-2394	216	29	fewer	few	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	216	30	than	than	ADP
ajrhss-2394	216	31	600	600	NUM
ajrhss-2394	216	32	trucks	truck	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	216	33	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	216	34	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	216	35	network	network	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	216	36	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	216	37	warehouses	warehouse	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	216	38	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	216	39	agents	agent	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	216	40	that	that	PRON
ajrhss-2394	216	41	stretched	stretch	VERB
ajrhss-2394	216	42	across	across	ADP
ajrhss-2394	216	43	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	216	44	world	world	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	216	45	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	217	1	his	his	PRON
ajrhss-2394	217	2	business	business	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	217	3	consisted	consist	VERB
ajrhss-2394	217	4	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	217	5	ensuring	ensure	VERB
ajrhss-2394	217	6	safe	safe	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	217	7	passage	passage	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	217	8	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	217	9	counterfeit	counterfeit	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	217	10	textiles	textile	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	217	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	217	12	clothing	clothing	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	217	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	217	14	fabrics	fabric	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	217	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	217	16	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	217	17	yarn	yarn	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	217	18	manufactured	manufacture	VERB
ajrhss-2394	217	19	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	217	20	china	china	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	217	21	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	217	22	smuggled	smuggle	VERB
ajrhss-2394	217	23	into	into	ADP
ajrhss-2394	217	24	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	217	25	through	through	ADP
ajrhss-2394	217	26	cotonou	cotonou	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	217	27	harbor	harbor	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	217	28	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	218	1	64	64	NUM
ajrhss-2394	219	1	because	because	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	219	2	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	219	3	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	219	4	well	well	ADV
ajrhss-2394	219	5	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	219	6	established	establish	VERB
ajrhss-2394	219	7	political	political	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	219	8	connection	connection	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	219	9	that	that	PRON
ajrhss-2394	219	10	encompassed	encompass	VERB
ajrhss-2394	219	11	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	219	12	presidency	presidency	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	219	13	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	219	14	abuja	abuja	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	219	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	219	16	mangal	mangal	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	219	17	’s	’s	PART
ajrhss-2394	219	18	activities	activity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	219	19	were	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	219	20	free	free	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	219	21	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	219	22	expand	expand	VERB
ajrhss-2394	219	23	despite	despite	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	219	24	their	their	PRON
ajrhss-2394	219	25	illicit	illicit	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	219	26	nature	nature	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	219	27	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	219	28	destructive	destructive	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	219	29	impact	impact	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	219	30	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	219	31	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	219	32	’s	’s	PART
ajrhss-2394	219	33	textile	textile	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	219	34	industry	industry	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	219	35	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	220	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	220	2	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	220	3	change	change	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	220	4	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	220	5	government	government	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	220	6	accompanied	accompany	VERB
ajrhss-2394	220	7	by	by	ADP
ajrhss-2394	220	8	policy	policy	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	220	9	reforms	reform	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	220	10	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	220	11	2015	2015	NUM
ajrhss-2394	220	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	220	13	not	not	PART
ajrhss-2394	220	14	much	much	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	220	15	has	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	220	16	changed.65	changed.65	VERB
ajrhss-2394	220	17	smuggling	smuggling	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	220	18	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	220	19	these	these	DET
ajrhss-2394	220	20	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	220	21	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	220	22	markets	market	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	220	23	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	220	24	intricately	intricately	ADV
ajrhss-2394	220	25	connected	connect	VERB
ajrhss-2394	220	26	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	220	27	corruption	corruption	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	220	28	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	220	29	as	as	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	220	30	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	220	31	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	220	32	communities	community	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	220	33	condone	condone	VERB
ajrhss-2394	220	34	it	it	PRON
ajrhss-2394	220	35	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	221	1	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	221	2	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	221	3	collusion	collusion	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	221	4	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	221	5	customs	custom	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	221	6	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	221	7	immigration	immigration	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	221	8	officials	official	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	221	9	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	221	10	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	221	11	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	221	12	communities	community	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	221	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	221	14	contrabands	contraband	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	221	15	were	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	221	16	smuggled	smuggle	VERB
ajrhss-2394	221	17	into	into	ADP
ajrhss-2394	221	18	jibia	jibia	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	221	19	daily	daily	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	221	20	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	222	1	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	222	2	maradi	maradi	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	222	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	222	4	dan	dan	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	222	5	issa	issa	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	222	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	222	7	hirji	hirji	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	222	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	222	9	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	222	10	other	other	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	222	11	surrounding	surround	VERB
ajrhss-2394	222	12	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	222	13	villages	village	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	222	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	222	15	trucks	truck	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	222	16	loaded	load	VERB
ajrhss-2394	222	17	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	222	18	goods	good	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	222	19	would	would	AUX
ajrhss-2394	222	20	have	have	VERB
ajrhss-2394	222	21	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	222	22	wait	wait	VERB
ajrhss-2394	222	23	pending	pende	VERB
ajrhss-2394	222	24	clearance	clearance	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	222	25	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	222	26	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	222	27	customs	custom	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	222	28	posts	post	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	222	29	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	222	30	which	which	PRON
ajrhss-2394	222	31	usually	usually	ADV
ajrhss-2394	222	32	come	come	VERB
ajrhss-2394	222	33	at	at	ADP
ajrhss-2394	222	34	midnight	midnight	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	222	35	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	223	1	it	it	PRON
ajrhss-2394	223	2	appears	appear	VERB
ajrhss-2394	223	3	that	that	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	223	4	there	there	PRON
ajrhss-2394	223	5	is	be	VERB
ajrhss-2394	223	6	an	an	DET
ajrhss-2394	223	7	intricate	intricate	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	223	8	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	223	9	between	between	ADP
ajrhss-2394	223	10	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	223	11	traders	trader	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	223	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	223	13	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	223	14	officials	official	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	223	15	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	223	16	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	223	17	three	three	NUM
ajrhss-2394	223	18	countries	country	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	223	19	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	223	20	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	223	21	even	even	ADV
ajrhss-2394	223	22	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	223	23	communities	community	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	223	24	that	that	PRON
ajrhss-2394	223	25	seem	seem	VERB
ajrhss-2394	223	26	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	223	27	participate	participate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	223	28	actively	actively	ADV
ajrhss-2394	223	29	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	223	30	circumventing	circumvent	VERB
ajrhss-2394	223	31	goods	good	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	223	32	across	across	ADP
ajrhss-2394	223	33	borders.66	borders.66	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	223	34	however	however	ADV
ajrhss-2394	223	35	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	223	36	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	223	37	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	223	38	fluctuates	fluctuate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	223	39	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	223	40	time	time	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	223	41	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	223	42	time	time	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	223	43	depending	depend	VERB
ajrhss-2394	223	44	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	223	45	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	223	46	prevailing	prevail	VERB
ajrhss-2394	223	47	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	223	48	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	223	49	especially	especially	ADV
ajrhss-2394	223	50	when	when	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	223	51	anti	anti	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	223	52	-	-	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	223	53	smuggling	smuggling	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	223	54	measures	measure	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	223	55	are	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	223	56	intensified	intensify	VERB
ajrhss-2394	223	57	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	224	1	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	224	2	many	many	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	224	3	cases	case	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	224	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	224	5	smugglers	smuggler	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	224	6	reacted	react	VERB
ajrhss-2394	224	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	224	8	sometimes	sometimes	ADV
ajrhss-2394	224	9	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	224	10	certain	certain	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	224	11	elements	element	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	224	12	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	224	13	violence	violence	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	224	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	224	15	whenever	whenever	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	224	16	new	new	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	224	17	anti	anti	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	224	18	-	-	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	224	19	smuggling	smuggling	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	224	20	measures	measure	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	224	21	were	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	224	22	introduced	introduce	VERB
ajrhss-2394	224	23	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	225	1	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	225	2	instance	instance	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	225	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	225	4	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	225	5	2005	2005	NUM
ajrhss-2394	225	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	225	7	hoodlums	hoodlum	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	225	8	sacked	sack	VERB
ajrhss-2394	225	9	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	225	10	magamajibia	magamajibia	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	225	11	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	225	12	maradi	maradi	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	225	13	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	225	14	outpost	outpost	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	225	15	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	225	16	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	225	17	ncs	ncs	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	225	18	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	225	19	almost	almost	ADV
ajrhss-2394	225	20	destroyed	destroy	VERB
ajrhss-2394	225	21	offices	office	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	225	22	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	225	23	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	225	24	ncs	ncs	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	225	25	’	'	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	225	26	local	local	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	225	27	barracks	barrack	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	225	28	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	226	1	67	67	NUM
ajrhss-2394	226	2	related	relate	VERB
ajrhss-2394	226	3	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	226	4	smuggling	smuggling	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	226	5	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	226	6	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	226	7	widespread	widespread	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	226	8	corruption	corruption	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	226	9	among	among	ADP
ajrhss-2394	226	10	security	security	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	226	11	officials	official	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	226	12	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	227	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	227	2	information	information	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	227	3	gathered	gather	VERB
ajrhss-2394	227	4	during	during	ADP
ajrhss-2394	227	5	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	227	6	course	course	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	227	7	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	227	8	interaction	interaction	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	227	9	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	227	10	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	227	11	among	among	ADP
ajrhss-2394	227	12	traders	trader	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	227	13	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	227	14	security	security	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	227	15	personnel	personnel	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	227	16	reveals	reveal	VERB
ajrhss-2394	227	17	that	that	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	227	18	some	some	PRON
ajrhss-2394	227	19	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	227	20	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	227	21	traders	trader	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	227	22	serve	serve	VERB
ajrhss-2394	227	23	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	227	24	fronts	front	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	227	25	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	227	26	conduct	conduct	VERB
ajrhss-2394	227	27	trade	trade	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	227	28	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	227	29	behalf	behalf	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	227	30	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	227	31	some	some	PRON
ajrhss-2394	227	32	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	227	33	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	227	34	security	security	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	227	35	officials	official	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	227	36	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	228	1	it	it	PRON
ajrhss-2394	228	2	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	228	3	pertinent	pertinent	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	228	4	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	228	5	note	note	VERB
ajrhss-2394	228	6	that	that	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	228	7	posting	post	VERB
ajrhss-2394	228	8	personnel	personnel	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	228	9	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	228	10	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	228	11	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	228	12	posts	post	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	228	13	among	among	ADP
ajrhss-2394	228	14	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	228	15	security	security	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	228	16	or	or	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	228	17	law	law	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	228	18	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	228	19	agencies	agency	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	228	20	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	228	21	regarded	regard	VERB
ajrhss-2394	228	22	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	228	23	‘	'	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	228	24	lucrative	lucrative	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	228	25	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	228	26	’	'	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	228	27	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	228	28	only	only	ADV
ajrhss-2394	228	29	those	those	PRON
ajrhss-2394	228	30	‘	'	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	228	31	favored	favor	VERB
ajrhss-2394	228	32	’	'	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	228	33	get	get	AUX
ajrhss-2394	228	34	posted	post	VERB
ajrhss-2394	228	35	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	228	36	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	228	37	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	228	38	areas	area	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	228	39	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	229	1	corruption	corruption	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	229	2	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	229	3	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	229	4	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	229	5	areas	area	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	229	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	229	7	therefore	therefore	ADV
ajrhss-2394	229	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	229	9	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	229	10	rampant	rampant	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	229	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	229	12	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	229	13	some	some	PRON
ajrhss-2394	229	14	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	229	15	them	they	PRON
ajrhss-2394	229	16	were	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	229	17	even	even	ADV
ajrhss-2394	229	18	referred	refer	VERB
ajrhss-2394	229	19	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	229	20	as	as	ADP
ajrhss-2394	229	21	aljannar	aljannar	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	229	22	yan	yan	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	229	23	simugal	simugal	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	229	24	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	229	25	paradise	paradise	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	229	26	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	229	27	smugglers).68	smugglers).68	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	229	28	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	229	29	fact	fact	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	229	30	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	229	31	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	229	32	name	name	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	229	33	jibia	jibia	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	229	34	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	229	35	one	one	NUM
ajrhss-2394	229	36	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	229	37	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	229	38	prominent	prominent	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	229	39	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	229	40	markets	market	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	229	41	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	229	42	became	become	VERB
ajrhss-2394	229	43	synonymous	synonymous	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	229	44	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	229	45	smuggling	smuggling	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	229	46	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	229	47	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	229	48	customs	custom	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	229	49	officials	official	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	229	50	even	even	ADV
ajrhss-2394	229	51	lobbied	lobby	VERB
ajrhss-2394	229	52	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	229	53	be	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	229	54	posted	post	VERB
ajrhss-2394	229	55	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	229	56	“	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	229	57	kuwait	kuwait	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	229	58	”	"	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	229	59	as	as	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	229	60	jibia	jibia	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	229	61	is	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	229	62	known	know	VERB
ajrhss-2394	229	63	amongst	amongst	ADP
ajrhss-2394	229	64	officers	officer	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	229	65	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	229	66	signifying	signify	VERB
ajrhss-2394	229	67	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	229	68	almost	almost	ADV
ajrhss-2394	229	69	sure	sure	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	229	70	material	material	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	229	71	benefit	benefit	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	229	72	derived	derive	VERB
ajrhss-2394	229	73	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	229	74	such	such	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	229	75	64	64	NUM
ajrhss-2394	229	76	iloani	iloani	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	229	77	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	229	78	e.a	e.a	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	229	79	.	.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	229	80	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	229	81	has	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	229	82	not	not	PART
ajrhss-2394	229	83	flouted	flout	VERB
ajrhss-2394	229	84	ecowas	ecowas	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	229	85	pact	pact	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	229	86	over	over	ADP
ajrhss-2394	229	87	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	229	88	closure	closure	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	229	89	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	230	1	2019	2019	NUM
ajrhss-2394	230	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	230	3	december	december	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	230	4	3	3	NUM
ajrhss-2394	230	5	_	_	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	230	6	daily	daily	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	230	7	trust	trust	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	230	8	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	231	1	_	_	PRON
ajrhss-2394	231	2	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
ajrhss-2394	231	3	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	231	4	https://www.dailytrust.com.ng	https://www.dailytrust.com.ng	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	231	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	231	6	23	23	NUM
ajrhss-2394	231	7	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	232	1	65	65	NUM
ajrhss-2394	232	2	iloani	iloani	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	232	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	232	4	e.a	e.a	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	232	5	.	.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	232	6	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	232	7	has	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	232	8	not	not	PART
ajrhss-2394	232	9	flouted	flout	VERB
ajrhss-2394	232	10	…	…	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	232	11	34	34	NUM
ajrhss-2394	232	12	.	.	SYM
ajrhss-2394	232	13	66	66	NUM
ajrhss-2394	232	14	alhaji	alhaji	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	232	15	tasiu	tasiu	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	232	16	waliyyi	waliyyi	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	232	17	jibiya	jibiya	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	232	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	232	19	businessman	businessman	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	232	20	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	232	21	aged	aged	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	232	22	60	60	NUM
ajrhss-2394	232	23	years	year	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	232	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	232	25	interviewed	interview	VERB
ajrhss-2394	232	26	at	at	ADP
ajrhss-2394	232	27	jibiya	jibiya	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	232	28	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	232	29	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	232	30	january	january	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	232	31	2	2	NUM
ajrhss-2394	232	32	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	232	33	2022	2022	NUM
ajrhss-2394	232	34	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	233	1	67	67	NUM
ajrhss-2394	233	2	samaila	samaila	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	233	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	233	4	a.	a.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	233	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	233	6	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	233	7	growth	growth	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	233	8	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	233	9	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	233	10	markets	market	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	233	11	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	233	12	north	north	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	233	13	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	233	14	west	west	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	233	15	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	233	16	:	:	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	233	17	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	233	18	study	study	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	233	19	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	233	20	jibia	jibia	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	233	21	market	market	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	233	22	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	233	23	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	233	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	233	25	1974	1974	NUM
ajrhss-2394	233	26	-	-	SYM
ajrhss-2394	233	27	2005	2005	NUM
ajrhss-2394	233	28	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	233	29	journal	journal	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	233	30	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	233	31	historical	historical	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	233	32	studies	study	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	233	33	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	233	34	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	233	35	department	department	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	233	36	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	233	37	history	history	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	233	38	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	233	39	buk	buk	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	233	40	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	233	41	2015	2015	NUM
ajrhss-2394	233	42	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	233	43	68	68	NUM
ajrhss-2394	233	44	samaila	samaila	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	233	45	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	233	46	a.	a.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	233	47	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	233	48	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	233	49	growth	growth	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	233	50	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	233	51	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	233	52	markets	market	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	233	53	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	233	54	north	north	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	233	55	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	233	56	west	west	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	233	57	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	233	58	…	…	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	233	59	https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/	https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	233	60	american	american	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	233	61	journal	journal	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	233	62	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	233	63	research	research	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	233	64	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	233	65	humanities	humanity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	233	66	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	233	67	social	social	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	233	68	sciences	science	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	233	69	volume	volume	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	233	70	29	29	NUM
ajrhss-2394	233	71	october	october	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	233	72	2024	2024	NUM
ajrhss-2394	233	73	p	p	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	233	74	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	233	75	g	g	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	233	76	e	e	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	233	77	|	|	ADV
ajrhss-2394	233	78	140	140	NUM
ajrhss-2394	233	79	www.americanjournal.org	www.americanjournal.org	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	233	80	posting	posting	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	233	81	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	234	1	69	69	NUM
ajrhss-2394	234	2	smuggling	smuggling	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	234	3	across	across	ADP
ajrhss-2394	234	4	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	234	5	borders	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	234	6	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	234	7	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	234	8	country	country	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	234	9	became	become	VERB
ajrhss-2394	234	10	seriously	seriously	ADV
ajrhss-2394	234	11	intensified	intensify	VERB
ajrhss-2394	234	12	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	234	13	even	even	ADV
ajrhss-2394	234	14	institutionalized	institutionalize	VERB
ajrhss-2394	234	15	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	234	16	much	much	ADV
ajrhss-2394	234	17	larger	large	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	234	18	volumes	volume	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	234	19	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	234	20	which	which	PRON
ajrhss-2394	234	21	state	state	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	234	22	officials	official	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	234	23	are	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	234	24	complementing	complement	VERB
ajrhss-2394	234	25	through	through	ADP
ajrhss-2394	234	26	corruption	corruption	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	234	27	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	235	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	235	2	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	235	3	communities	community	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	235	4	adapt	adapt	VERB
ajrhss-2394	235	5	dozens	dozen	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	235	6	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	235	7	warehouses	warehouse	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	235	8	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	235	9	storage	storage	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	235	10	facilities	facility	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	235	11	for	for	ADP
ajrhss-2394	235	12	different	different	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	235	13	kinds	kind	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	235	14	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	235	15	goods	good	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	235	16	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	236	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	236	2	goods	good	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	236	3	are	be	AUX
ajrhss-2394	236	4	usually	usually	ADV
ajrhss-2394	236	5	kept	keep	VERB
ajrhss-2394	236	6	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	236	7	these	these	DET
ajrhss-2394	236	8	places	place	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	236	9	pending	pende	VERB
ajrhss-2394	236	10	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	236	11	confirmation	confirmation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	236	12	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	236	13	their	their	PRON
ajrhss-2394	236	14	safe	safe	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	236	15	exit	exit	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	236	16	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	236	17	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	236	18	city	city	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	236	19	centers	center	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	236	20	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	237	1	although	although	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	237	2	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	237	3	customs	custom	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	237	4	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	237	5	other	other	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	237	6	security	security	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	237	7	agents	agent	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	237	8	know	know	VERB
ajrhss-2394	237	9	these	these	DET
ajrhss-2394	237	10	places	place	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	237	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	237	12	it	it	PRON
ajrhss-2394	237	13	’s	’	VERB
ajrhss-2394	237	14	usually	usually	ADV
ajrhss-2394	237	15	very	very	ADV
ajrhss-2394	237	16	unsafe	unsafe	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	237	17	for	for	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	237	18	them	they	PRON
ajrhss-2394	237	19	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	237	20	conduct	conduct	VERB
ajrhss-2394	237	21	their	their	PRON
ajrhss-2394	237	22	operations	operation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	237	23	inside	inside	ADP
ajrhss-2394	237	24	these	these	DET
ajrhss-2394	237	25	communities	community	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	237	26	as	as	SCONJ
ajrhss-2394	237	27	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	237	28	traders	trader	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	237	29	have	have	VERB
ajrhss-2394	237	30	community	community	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	237	31	support	support	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	237	32	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	238	1	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	238	2	communities	community	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	238	3	also	also	ADV
ajrhss-2394	238	4	organize	organize	VERB
ajrhss-2394	238	5	informal	informal	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	238	6	arrangements	arrangement	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	238	7	through	through	ADP
ajrhss-2394	238	8	connivance	connivance	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	238	9	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	238	10	smugglers	smuggler	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	238	11	along	along	ADP
ajrhss-2394	238	12	‘	'	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	238	13	satellite	satellite	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	238	14	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	238	15	villages	village	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	238	16	’	'	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	238	17	proximate	proximate	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	238	18	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	238	19	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	238	20	informal	informal	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	238	21	corridors	corridor	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	238	22	adjacent	adjacent	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	238	23	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	238	24	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	238	25	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	238	26	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	238	27	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	238	28	borders	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	238	29	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	239	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	239	2	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	239	3	villages	village	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	239	4	surrounding	surround	VERB
ajrhss-2394	239	5	zamfara	zamfara	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	239	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	239	7	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	239	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	239	9	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	239	10	maradi	maradi	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	239	11	areas	area	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	239	12	tend	tend	VERB
ajrhss-2394	239	13	to	to	PART
ajrhss-2394	239	14	complement	complement	VERB
ajrhss-2394	239	15	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	239	16	activities	activity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	239	17	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	239	18	large	large	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	239	19	trading	trading	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	239	20	networks	network	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	239	21	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	239	22	icbt	icbt	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	239	23	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	240	1	70	70	NUM
ajrhss-2394	240	2	other	other	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	240	3	strategies	strategy	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	240	4	used	use	VERB
ajrhss-2394	240	5	by	by	ADP
ajrhss-2394	240	6	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	240	7	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	240	8	communities	community	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	240	9	include	include	VERB
ajrhss-2394	240	10	:	:	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	240	11	‘	'	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	240	12	diversion	diversion	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	240	13	from	from	ADP
ajrhss-2394	240	14	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	240	15	official	official	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	240	16	routes	route	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	240	17	taking	take	VERB
ajrhss-2394	240	18	ever	ever	ADV
ajrhss-2394	240	19	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	240	20	changing	change	VERB
ajrhss-2394	240	21	illegal	illegal	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	240	22	routes	route	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	240	23	;	;	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	240	24	deception	deception	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	240	25	‘	'	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	240	26	forge	forge	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	240	27	agreement	agreement	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	240	28	’	'	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	240	29	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	240	30	libge	libge	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	240	31	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	240	32	;	;	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	240	33	use	use	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	240	34	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	240	35	magical	magical	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	240	36	or	or	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	240	37	extraordinary	extraordinary	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	240	38	practices	practice	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	240	39	connected	connect	VERB
ajrhss-2394	240	40	with	with	ADP
ajrhss-2394	240	41	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	240	42	illicit	illicit	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	240	43	trade	trade	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	240	44	;	;	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	240	45	trade	trade	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	240	46	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	240	47	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	240	48	trade	trade	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	240	49	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	240	50	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	240	51	takara	takara	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	240	52	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	240	53	jagwal	jagwal	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	240	54	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	240	55	;	;	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	240	56	use	use	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	240	57	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	240	58	‘	'	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	240	59	satellite	satellite	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	240	60	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	240	61	villages	village	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	240	62	’	'	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	240	63	along	along	ADP
ajrhss-2394	240	64	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	240	65	boundary	boundary	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	240	66	;	;	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	240	67	use	use	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	240	68	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	240	69	ferrying	ferry	VERB
ajrhss-2394	240	70	specialist	specialist	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	240	71	(	(	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	240	72	yanfito/	yanfito/	NUM
ajrhss-2394	240	73	ferrymen	ferryman	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	240	74	)	)	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	240	75	etc.71	etc.71	VERB
ajrhss-2394	240	76	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	240	77	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	240	78	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	240	79	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	240	80	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	240	81	inter	inter	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	240	82	-	-	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	240	83	communal	communal	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	240	84	relations	relation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	240	85	among	among	ADP
ajrhss-2394	240	86	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	240	87	communities	community	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	240	88	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	240	89	katsina	katsina	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	240	90	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	240	91	zamfara	zamfara	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	240	92	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	240	93	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	240	94	maradi	maradi	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	240	95	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	240	96	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	240	97	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	240	98	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	240	99	niger	niger	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	240	100	borderlands	borderland	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	240	101	have	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	240	102	had	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	240	103	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	240	104	significant	significant	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	240	105	impact	impact	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	240	106	on	on	ADP
ajrhss-2394	240	107	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	240	108	social	social	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	240	109	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	240	110	political	political	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	240	111	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	240	112	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	240	113	economic	economic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	240	114	aspects	aspect	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	240	115	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	240	116	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	240	117	area	area	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	240	118	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	241	1	these	these	DET
ajrhss-2394	241	2	interactions	interaction	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	241	3	have	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	241	4	led	lead	VERB
ajrhss-2394	241	5	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	241	6	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	241	7	development	development	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	241	8	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	241	9	various	various	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	241	10	activities	activity	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	241	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	241	12	including	include	VERB
ajrhss-2394	241	13	cultural	cultural	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	241	14	festivals	festival	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	241	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	241	16	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	241	17	communal	communal	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	241	18	work	work	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	241	19	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	241	20	and	and	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	241	21	trade	trade	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	241	22	networks	network	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	241	23	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	242	1	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	242	2	strong	strong	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	242	3	social	social	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	242	4	network	network	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	242	5	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	242	6	relations	relation	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	242	7	has	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	242	8	not	not	PART
ajrhss-2394	242	9	only	only	ADV
ajrhss-2394	242	10	strengthened	strengthen	VERB
ajrhss-2394	242	11	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	242	12	political	political	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	242	13	institutions	institution	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	242	14	but	but	CCONJ
ajrhss-2394	242	15	has	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	242	16	also	also	ADV
ajrhss-2394	242	17	contributed	contribute	VERB
ajrhss-2394	242	18	to	to	ADP
ajrhss-2394	242	19	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	242	20	economic	economic	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	242	21	development	development	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	242	22	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	242	23	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	242	24	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	242	25	areas	area	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	242	26	through	through	ADP
ajrhss-2394	242	27	enhanced	enhanced	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	242	28	trade	trade	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	242	29	networks	network	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	242	30	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	243	1	overall	overall	ADV
ajrhss-2394	243	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	243	3	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	243	4	interconnectedness	interconnectedness	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	243	5	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	243	6	these	these	DET
ajrhss-2394	243	7	communities	community	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	243	8	has	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	243	9	played	play	VERB
ajrhss-2394	243	10	a	a	DET
ajrhss-2394	243	11	crucial	crucial	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	243	12	role	role	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	243	13	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	243	14	shaping	shape	VERB
ajrhss-2394	243	15	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	243	16	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	243	17	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	243	18	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	243	19	region	region	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	243	20	.	.	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	244	1	69	69	NUM
ajrhss-2394	244	2	iloani	iloani	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	244	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	244	4	e.a	e.a	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	244	5	.	.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	244	6	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	244	7	has	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	244	8	not	not	PART
ajrhss-2394	244	9	flouted	flout	VERB
ajrhss-2394	244	10	ecowas	ecowas	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	244	11	pact	pact	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	244	12	over	over	ADP
ajrhss-2394	244	13	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	244	14	closure	closure	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	244	15	…	…	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	244	16	28	28	NUM
ajrhss-2394	244	17	.	.	X
ajrhss-2394	245	1	70	70	NUM
ajrhss-2394	245	2	iloani	iloani	ADJ
ajrhss-2394	245	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	245	4	e.a	e.a	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	245	5	.	.	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	245	6	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	245	7	has	have	AUX
ajrhss-2394	245	8	not	not	PART
ajrhss-2394	245	9	flouted	flout	VERB
ajrhss-2394	245	10	ecowas	ecowas	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	245	11	pact	pact	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	245	12	over	over	ADP
ajrhss-2394	245	13	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	245	14	closure	closure	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	245	15	…	…	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	245	16	71	71	NUM
ajrhss-2394	245	17	samaila	samaila	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	245	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	245	19	a.	a.	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	245	20	the	the	DET
ajrhss-2394	245	21	growth	growth	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	245	22	of	of	ADP
ajrhss-2394	245	23	border	border	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	245	24	markets	market	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	245	25	in	in	ADP
ajrhss-2394	245	26	north	north	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	245	27	-	-	PUNCT
ajrhss-2394	245	28	west	west	NOUN
ajrhss-2394	245	29	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
ajrhss-2394	245	30	…	…	PUNCT