American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences ISSN (E): 2832-8019 Volume 6, | Nov., 2022 P a g e | 4 www.americanjournal.org ANALYSIS OF THE ISSUE OF RIGHTS IN ISLAM Saidmuhammadkhan Muhibullaev International Islamic Academy 1st Stage Foundation Doctoral Student Khoja Bukhari Teacher of a Special Islamic Educational Institution Uzbekistan, Tashkent muhibullayevs@gmail.com A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S The subject is the rights of the individual in Islam, issues related to disputed rights in Islamic law, the right to life, the right to freedom, the right to equality, the right to equality in the use of resources, protection from aggression, the right to believe, think and speak, the reputation of each person, property Issues such as life protection were briefly analyzed. "trade book", "authority", "warranty", "link", "oath book", "marriage book", "marriage equality", "divorce book", "offerings", "crimes", "expiations" (compensation for crimes)", "hads (borders,punishment for crimes)", human life, freedom, equality. If you want to talk about rights in Islam, there is a lot to talk about, it cannot be concluded with one article, no other religion like Islam has paid attention to human rights. A person who is familiar with the books of Islamic law knows this well. Islam encourages Muslims to enjoin good and forbid evil. Of course, in these two cases, service for the rights of Muslims is considered. In Islamic jurisprudence works, "trade book", "power of attorney", "guarantee", "link", "book of oaths", "marriage book", "equality in marriage", "divorce book", "offerings", "crimes", "expiations (reparations for crimes)", "hads (borders, punishments for crimes)" and several other issues are considered topics related to human rights. This means that in Islam, Muslims attach great importance to the rights of not only Muslims, but also non-Muslims. In our article, we will try to highlight the topics related to the issue of rights in Islam. The right to life. Human life is sacred. No one can attack him. In the Holy Qur'an: "Whoever kills a soul unjustly or even if he does not cause corruption on earth, he has killed all people."Whoever revives him, it will be as if he resurrected people"1. This sanctity is only in the Islamic law. Material and spiritual existence of a person is protected. Shari'ah protects him during his lifetime and at the time of his death. His right after death is to treat him kindly and politely even with his dead body. The Prophet (pbuh) also said about this: "If one of you shrouds his brother, he should make his shroud 1Surah al-Maida verse 32. mailto:muhibullayevs@gmail.com American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 5, Oct., 2022 P a g e | 5 www.americanjournal.org better"2. At the same time, another right after death is to hide his bad guilt and personal shortcomings. It is also said about this: "Do not curse your dead, they have reached what they offered"3. The right to freedom. Human freedom is as sacred as life. Freedom is the first natural quality that a person is born with in this state. Shari'at says about this: "There is a person who is born who is born in fitrat4"5. Freedom should always be with a person. No one has the right to attack him. Umar bin Khattab (r.a.), the master of justice, said: "Since when did you start enslaving those whose mothers weaved hur(free)". Adequate safeguards must be fully implemented to protect the freedom of every individual. It cannot be restricted and recorded by anyone except Sharia and state law. No nation has the right to encroach on the freedom of another nation. An aggressed nation has the right to retaliate against that hostility and regain its freedom by any means possible. It is said in the Holy Qur'an: "Surely, whoever gets relief after being oppressed, there is no way to (blame) them"6. It is the responsibility of the state society to support every nation fighting for its freedom. Muslims consider it wajib, that is, a duty that must be done. The right to equality. All people are equal before Sharia. Shari'at said about this: "There is no place for an Arab over a layman, a layman over an Arab, a red man over a black man, and a black man over an interesting man, except (excess) in piety". In implementing this, there is no room for separating one person from another. The Prophet (pbuh) said about this: "If Muhammad's daughter Fatima7 had stolen, I would have cut off her hand"8. There is no need to protect them. Caliph Abu Bakr (r.a.) said about this: "Surely, the weakest of you before me is strong until I take his right, and the strongest of you is weak until I take his right from him". That is, they want to say that if he is rich, we will forgive him, and if he is poor, we will not punish him, but we will treat both equally. These cases show how much Islam cares about protecting the rights of Muslims. All people are equal in human dignity. The Prophet (pbuh) said about this in the farewell Hajj (Hajjatul Va’da): "All of you are children of man, and man is from the soil". Their difference is in their actions. The Holy Qur'an says about this: "There are degrees for each of them according to their deeds"9. Every person has the right to use the material resources belonging to society. Because everyone has the right to use them equally. About this in the Holy Qur'an: "He is the One who subjected the earth to you. So walk in His various places and eat of His sustenanceRegarding salary, it is not possible to .10" distinguish between individuals as long as the work and status are the same. The Holy Qur'an says about this: "Whoever does good even in the weight of an atom will be seen"11. And whoever does evil in the weight of an atom, it is said. 2 Narrated by Imam Muslim, Abu Dawud, Tirmidhi and Nasa'i. 3 Narrated by Imam Bukhari. 4 Fitrat fṭr. Derived from the word فترة, it means "natural, innate quality, quality, not inclined to anything". See the dictionary. 5 Narrated by Imam Bukhari and Muslim. 6 Surah Shura verse 41. 7 7Beloved daughters of the Prophet. Those who were the wives of Ali ibn Abu Talib (RA). 8 Narrated by Imam Bukhari, Muslim, Abu Dawud, Tirmidhi and Nasa'i. 9 Surah Ahqaf verse 19. 10 Surah Mulk verse 15. 11 Surah Zalzala verses 7,8. American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 5, Oct., 2022 P a g e | 6 www.americanjournal.org The right to protect a person's reputation and career. A person's reputation and his fame are also among the rights that must be protected. About this, the Prophet (pbuh) said: "Certainly, your blood, wealth and reputation among you are as respected as the respect of your city on this day and this month". That is, they are all protected by Islamic law, which is strictly forbidden to attack anyone unjustly. It is impossible to find fault with a person, to act against his personality. In Islamic jurisprudence, there is a separate chapter "Retribution" about this. That is, it is detailed what punishments are applied to the person who insulted someone and killed him. The right to participate in public life. Every person has his rights and his place in society. Election to the same office, partnership in matters of mutual interest, and similar matters have certain rights, which are also studied in a separate chapter in Islamic jurisprudence. For example, chapters such as "contestation", "guarantee", "authority", "shu’fa" and "guarantee". The right to freedom of belief, speech and thought. Every person has the right to think, believe and express his own opinion. No one is concerned about it. While free thinking is right, it is also necessary. There is nothing wrong with disseminating correct information and rights. Only if there is a threat to the peace of society in this information, it is necessary to block it. Respecting other people's beliefs and opinions is also considered one of the Shariah rights. So, Islamic jurisprudence and other Shariah sources have several issues regarding rights. As we said above, topics such as trade, marriage, divorce and childcare issues, neighborliness and ownership, "shuf’a" rights, rent and deposit and related security issues, issues of hadads (borders’) and revenge serve to protect the rights of Muslims. These rights are not only for Muslims, but also for representatives of other religions living in Muslim countries. LIST OF USED SOURCES AND REFERENCES 1. Holy Quran. 2. Burhoniddin Margilani. Al-hidaya fi masaailil-bidaya. 3. Muhammad Sadiq Muhammad Yusuf. Tafsir Hilal. Tashkent, Hilal Publishing. 4. Ubaidullah ibn Mas'ud ibn Tajushshari'a. An-niqaya mukhtasarul-wiqaya fi masaailil-hidaya. Dar al-iman. 5. Mulla Ali Qari. Mirqatul-mafatih. Beirut, Dor al-fikr. 6. The team of authors. At-tashri' al-jinai al-Islami and legal-human. 7. Kamal Jait. Al-Islam and legal human rights are taghayirot al-'alami. 8. Ibrahim Jamal. Ar-riqqu fil-jahiliyyah wal-islam. 9. Muhammad Tuvaijiri. Mawsu'at al-Fiqhil-Islami. 10. Al-munjid fil-lug’at val-A’lam.