American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences ISSN (E): 2832-8019 Volume 19, | December, 2023 P a g e | 19 www.americanjournal.org METHODOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES OF HISTORY TEACHING IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS K.A.Makhmanazarov Institute of Karshi-Engineering Economics A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This article talks about the methodical principles of teaching history in higher education institutions. Based on scientific data, the author studied and analyzed the unique aspects of teaching history in higher education institutions based on available literature. Higher education institutions, history, teaching, methodical principles. Introduction It is known from history that the Uzbek nation has always had a great desire for knowledge and its acquisition. For this reason, science has developed in the country since ancient times. In particular, even before the arrival of the Arabs, the inhabitants of the region had their own knowledge and potential. As a result of the Arabs' invasion of Central Asia and their spread of Islam, it is commendable that they left a unique scientific heritage among the representatives of the local population, which is the main program for the whole world. Since the early days of independence, the government has implemented many reforms regarding the reform of education in the republic. Today, the reform of the education sector in the republic has reached a significant level of the scope of the reforms and their results, which are being carried out to further increase its efficiency. In this regard, attention is paid to the development of higher education as the most optimal way to achieve the development of other systems of education, as well as all areas of the republic. Currently, all pedagogic-psychological scientists recognize the following definition of UNESCO as the most perfect definition of educational technologies: It is the use of the integrated approach method in the design and implementation of the process 11" [1]. Main part: The development of a special concept aimed at organizing the distribution, teaching and practice integration of social sciences at all stages of the educational system is becoming a necessary need. As one of the main strategies of the new Uzbekistan, it was noted that there is a need to develop the law "On the procedure and principles of teaching social sciences in the continuing education system" and to put it into practice [1]. In this direction, Sh. Mirziyoev recommended the creation and implementation of the "strategy for the humanitarianization of the field of continuing education and training of the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2022-2030" [2]. "Study and promote the history of Uzbekistan" in the direction of "Ensuring spiritual development, radical reform of this field and bringing it to a new stage" of the development strategy project of New Uzbekistan for 2022 - 2026 the task of development" is American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 19 December, 2023 P a g e | 20 www.americanjournal.org defined. This shows that it is necessary to pay serious attention to the issues of ensuring integrated quality and further development of professional competence of future pedagogues-staff in history education. One of the priority directions of innovative and experimental activity in the educational system can be considered to be the development of a new direction and new mechanisms for the development of professors and students in higher education institutions by creating a scientific- methodical and socio-pedagogical commonality. These tasks serve as guidelines for choosing mechanisms of collaborative practical activities based on an innovative approach in higher education institutions. For this reason, today, the responsible ministry is paying special attention to the re-examination of the subjects taught in higher education and the teaching of subjects that will help the individual to become a mature person. It is worth noting that the subject "Newest history of Uzbekistan" was recognized as one of the subjects considered necessary for students of all fields of higher education, in order for them to become mature experts in accordance with the demands of the times. Indeed, history is a bridge between the past and the future. The disconnection between them leads to the decline of any people, nation and individual. For example, when a person walks forward, he always takes a step leaning on his back leg. If we take this situation to society, we can understand how important history is. "Uzbekistan's newest science of history" which is taught at the undergraduate level of higher education institutions, for people working in various fields of society, to organize their work activities with the understanding that the value of the human factor in the relations between the state and citizens is high. or is of great importance in providing quality education. As evidence of our opinion, it is appropriate to cite the ideas defined in the Charter of the United Nations. For example, in the preamble of this Charter, "to free future generations from the hardships of the war, which brought indescribable sorrow to humanity on March 2 in our lives, and to restore faith in basic human rights, the dignity of the human person, the equal rights of men and women, and the equality of the rights of large and small nations, and treaties and respecting obligations arising from other sources of international law” [2]. the idea has been strengthened, and at the same time, these ideas are gaining priority in our country's social and political life in the period of transition from national recovery to national growth. Results and Discussions: We all know that in the new Uzbekistan that is developing today, the scope of new views, different opinions, and new reforms is expanding more and more. Naturally, in this regard, the effectiveness of our reforms implemented in all aspects of our life is primarily the revival of the spirituality of our people, the in-depth study of our rich historical heritage, the preservation of our traditions and customs, the rise of the development of culture and art, science and education. it should be noted that it is related to "Looking at the most important tasks before us today, in addition to solving the urgent issues directly related to the daily needs of the population, we are studying the basis and complex aspects of human life during the old regime, national values, historical traditions, universal humanity. we should not forget how much harm has been done to our society by neglecting spiritual resources" [3]. At the moment, it should be said that the process of national recovery in our country, after the socio-political dependence that lasted for almost a century and a half, took place in the first days, completely naturally, based on its own laws. The bold changes initiated by the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev defined a new ideology and a unique paradigm for the development of our society and state. For many years, the slowness, stagnation, and the policy of covering up problems and American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 19 December, 2023 P a g e | 21 www.americanjournal.org conflicts without fulfilling cross-cutting tasks, which were characteristic of the country's development, have been put an end to. A social and political life, which was almost non-existent before, has appeared, mass media has revived, and civil society is becoming more active. Most importantly, people are realizing their freedom and rights, their sense of belonging and responsibility for the fate of society is growing. At the same time, it is worth noting that these criteria are extremely compatible with the internationally recognized criteria. While promoting the idea of "From national revival to national rise", the President said that national revival is the stage of realizing our identity, rebuilding the foundations of our national statehood, that this stage has an important place on the threshold of independence and in the early stages of independence, and now Uzbekistan They emphasized that the time has come to regain its historical, civilizational place, to ensure the level of development comparable to the genetic human potential of the Uzbek people, and to shine the light of the Third Renaissance. In the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated January 28, 2022, "On the Development Strategy of New Uzbekistan for 2022-2026" No. 'ib is highlighted as the main task. Here, as a practical proof of our opinion, in the State Program for the implementation of the development strategy of New Uzbekistan for 2022-2026 in the year of "Glorification of Human Values and Active Neighborhood", it is precisely the "ICT, IRSIKA, UNESCO, UNESCO" organization of international conferences, symposiums and conventions under the slogan "New Uzbekistan - Third Renaissance" in cooperation with prestigious international organizations, research centers and universities", "in order to widely promote the rich scientific and spiritual heritage of our great ancestors to carry out the popular translation of the works of scholars, to create scientific and popular pamphlets based on them", "to carry out the popular translation of 100 works of scholars from our country in order to widely promote the rich scientific and spiritual heritage of our great ancestors, based on them scientific and To support the activities of International Islamic Academy of Uzbekistan, Center of Islamic Civilization, Imam Bukhari, Imam Termizi, Imam Moturidi international research centers in order to create popular pamphlets and widely promote the rich scientific and spiritual heritage of our great ancestors" [4 ]. It is appropriate to mention the definition of tasks such as On the basis of the cooperation of higher education institutions with foreign countries, to increase the effectiveness of the teaching of history, to strengthen the educational potential of the educational content that contributes to the formation of the student's personality, and to strengthen the socio- humanitarian direction of the educational content, to solve practical problems, It is desirable to develop educational-methodical support for strengthening the inter-disciplinary, course and inter-departmental integration of the teaching of history, which serves to ensure the socialization of students at a successful level, and to take into account other features. A successful solution to the complex task of increasing the effectiveness of the teaching of historical sciences, its improvement, can only be carried out based on the effective construction of the teaching and learning process based on an objective comprehensive analysis of pedagogical activities. This determines the existence of the following problems between the types and stages of education and the need to solve them quickly: self-development among professors and teachers of the higher education system American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 19 December, 2023 P a g e | 22 www.americanjournal.org Conclusion: In order to popularize and promote best practices, "Basic Schools" were created in the localities, involving professors-professors of higher education institutions and regional training institutes, methodologists, advanced experienced, initiative professors-teachers. It is desirable to make wide use of the possibilities of Any methodical approach aimed at education and upbringing should serve to develop the personal experience of the history professor. Formation and development of students' interest in history depends on the level of organization of each lesson. References: 1. Presidential decree No. PF-5847 "On approval of the concept of development of the higher education system of the Republic of Uzbekistan until 2030". Tashkent. October 8, 2019. 2. Mirziyoev Sh.M. New Uzbekistan strategy. Tashkent. "Uzbekistan", 2021. P. 233. 3. Gaffarov Ya.Kh. Methodology of teaching history. Textbook. Tashkent:-B.285. 4. Davlatov O.G. Development of students' competence to ensure information security through historical and cultural heritage: Autoref. Ph.D. in ped.science. - Tashkent, 2018. - 57 p. 5. Gaffarov Ya.Kh. Methodology of teaching history. - T.: "Trusted partner", 2020. 6. Toshtemirova, S. (2022). Pedagogical strategies of teaching history in the continuous education system / UzMU news. 2022, 1/1/2. 120-123 p. 7. Bespalko, V.P. Components of pedagogical technologies. - M: 1989. - 192 p. 8. Ishmuhamedov R. Ways to improve educational efficiency with the help of innovative technologies. - Tashkent: TDPU named after Nizomi, 2009.