American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences ISSN (E): 2832-8019 Volume 6, | Nov., 2022 P a g e | 22 www.americanjournal.org POSSIBILITIES OF ETHNOTOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN UZBEKISTAN (AS AN EXAMPLE OF THE NATIONAL CULTURAL CENTER OF THE ARAB DIASPORA) Ergasheva Y. A. QarMII, Head of the Department "History of Uzbekistan", Doctor of History, Professor Ergasheva G. A. Teacher of QarDU A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This article talks about the possibilities of developing ethnotourism in Uzbekistan (as an example of the activities of the National Cultural Center of the Arab Diaspora). Based on archival data, the author studied and analyzed specific aspects of the possibilities of developing ethnotourism in Uzbekistan (as an example of the activities of the national cultural center of the Arab diaspora) on the basis of available scientific literature. Ethnotourism, Arabs, diaspora, culture, development Introduction: During the years of independence in Uzbekistan, to ensure the prosperous life of all nationalities and peoples, to strengthen mutual respect, peace and harmony, inter-national and inter-confessional solidarity, to create equal rights and opportunities for all citizens regardless of their nationality and religious belief, educating the young generation in the spirit of patriotism, respect for national and universal values, love for the Motherland, loyalty to the ideas of independence became one of the important directions of the state policy. The main goal of the policy of a multi-ethnic country should be the formation of inter-ethnic harmony and religious tolerance. From the first days of independence, a unique path of national policy was developed, which created the basis for the stable development of national tolerance. It is not for nothing that the world community seeks to follow the example of such national tolerance formed in Uzbekistan. The fact that in a short period of time our country has become an actively developing, proactive member of the world community, an enviable country where peace, harmony and tolerance reign is a clear proof of this. As the head of our state Sh.M. Mirziyoyev noted: "Uzbekistan is always faithful to its traditions in the field of inter-ethnic harmony and religious tolerance, and will never deviate from this path. In our country, primary attention is paid to strengthening the atmosphere of mutual respect, American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 5, Nov., 2022 P a g e | 23 www.americanjournal.org friendship and harmony between representatives of different nationalities and religious confessions. This is our greatest wealth and it is our duty to protect it like the apple of an eye" [1]. Main Part: In order to accelerate the development of tourism, the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated December 2, 2016 No PF-4861 "On measures to ensure the accelerated development of tourism in the Republic of Uzbekistan", February 7, 2017 PF-4947–No. PF-5326 of February 3, 2018 “On the Strategy of Actions for the Further Development of the Republic of Uzbekistan” -"On measures", January 5, 2019 No. PF-5611 "On additional measures for the accelerated development of tourism in the Republic of Uzbekistan", May 28, 2020 PF-6002-No. PF-6165 of February 9, 2021 “On urgent measures to support the tourism sector to reduce the negative impact of the coronavirus pandemic” to take measures to further develop tourism PF-60 of January 28,2022 "On the Development Strategy of the New Uzbekistan for 2022-2026" creation of favorable conditions for the development of potential, target parameters for the construction of hotels, promising investment projects, cultural facilities and institutionswhere modern information technologies are applied[2]. The national and cultural diversity of Uzbekistan is closely related to the growth of national identity awareness and spiritual reawakening, and serves as a powerful factor in the renewal of society, its openness, and the republic's global creates favorable conditions for joining the community. It should be noted that since time immemorial in our country, religious tolerance and inter-ethnic harmony have been among the most beautiful qualities in the hearts of our people as a sign of spiritual perfection. According to the data, 100 years ago representatives of about 70 nationalities lived in the territory of present-day Uzbekistan. 30 years later, this number reached 91, 113 in 1959, and 123 in 1978. The list obtained in 2011 shows that representatives of 137 nationalities and peoples live in Uzbekistan. Today, they live in our country as children of the same family, live in conditions of equality and mutual solidarity, and work for the development of our country. National cultural centers serve to meet ethno-cultural needs, preserve and develop national values, and strengthen inter-ethnic harmony in the country. Along with the development of their national culture, they closely cooperate with each other and contribute to the strengthening of mutual respect and trust between representatives of different nationalities living in Uzbekistan. The first national cultural centers were established by Koreans, Kazakhs, Jews, and Armenians in the regions of the republic in 1989. The real development and prosperity of these centers began after Uzbekistan gained independence. During this period, ample opportunities were created for their effective activity. As a result, their number increased every year. If in 1992 there were 10 national cultural centers, in 1995 their number reached 72, and in 2003 there were 135. Today, 138 national cultural centers, 34 friendship society is functioning. The Arab National Cultural Center, together with the Russian, Tatar Bashkir, Turkmen, and Tajik national cultural centers operating in Kashkadarya region, has been conducting cultural and educational activities aimed at strengthening the mutual enrichment of national cultures and friendship between peoples. It is important to strengthen mutual friendship and harmony in our country, to preserve the atmosphere of mutual solidarity and kindness prevailing in our society between representatives of different nationalities and peoples, to educate the young generation in the spirit of patriotism, respect for national and universal values. is actively participating. Along with all the peoples of our country, positive changes have taken place in the lives of the Arabs, who have been American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 5, Nov., 2022 P a g e | 24 www.americanjournal.org living on our land for many centuries. The Arab National Cultural Center of the Republic of Uzbekistan was established in 1991 in the village of Jeynov (now a town) in Kashkadarya region, where Arabs live densely, in order to restore, preserve and continue the traditions inherited from the ancestors. is actively working. It should be noted that according to the information of the Arab National Cultural Center, the Arab diaspora in the region is 35-40 thousand people, of which there are more than 20 thousand Jeynov Arabs in Mirishkor district, more than 5 thousand Pulati Arabs in Koson district, and 4 thousand in Kakhlak village of Karshi district. and in other districts more than 6-7 thousand belong to the Arab nation [3]. The brightest pages in the activity of the Arab National Cultural Center are related to the famous grower, Hero of Uzbekistan Murodulla Saidov (1935-2009). Murodulla Saidov, who headed the company farm "Zeinov" in Mirishkor district, brought his team to the level of the most advanced farms of the republic, and also contributed to the successful development of the center as the first chairman of the Arab National Cultural Center. M. Saidov was awarded the title of "Hero of Uzbekistan" in 2002 according to the decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan in recognition of his services to the state and the people. Results and Discussions: Folk ensemble "AlArabiya" performing ancient Arabic songs and dances performed in the center. In December 2020, the ensemble was reorganized under the name "Al-Jiinat" in place of the "Al-Arabiya" ensemble, which has been operating under the Center until now. The "Al-Jiinat" ensemble was provided with 10 different types of Arab national musical instruments, and Jorabek Fidoyev was appointed as its leader. The unique creativity and art of the ethnographic team, which has won several festivals of friendship and culture "Uzbekistan - our common home", is considered a decoration of public holidays and national weddings, and is always warmly received by the audience. will be done. On the initiative of the center, a famous Arab carpet weaving enterprise based on ancient technologies was established in the town of Jeynov. There is also an ethnographic museum that tells about the traditions and customs of the Arabs of Uzbekistan. At the initiative of the center, individual business activities adapted to the production of famous Arabic carpets have also been widely launched. In particular, an exhibition of carpets and embroidery woven by Arab women, Arab national dishes will be presented to the guests. Currently, more than 20 artisan women are engaged in carpet weaving under the leadership of the members of the center, Rozimo Hakimova and Latofat Oymahmedova, and participate in various competitions with their exhibitions. Currently, these homemakers weave 5 carpets per month, each carpet is sold for 700-800 thousand soums. The earned income serves to improve their families materially and ensure their employment [4]. The participation of Arabs in the ethno-cultural processes that took place in the region was twofold. Firstly, they were absorbed among the local population of the region for centuries and were involved in assimilation processes, and secondly, some of them preserved their ethnic identity. The fact that they settled in the Kashkadarya desert and engaged in animal husbandry was an important factor in the preservation of the ethno-cultural traditions and language characteristics of the Jeynov Arabs. This is reflected in the group of people who still identify themselves as Arabs or retain their mother tongues[5]. Arabs who are learning their mother tongue have every opportunity. Arabic language courses have been opened at the Arab National Cultural Center. For example, at Karshi State American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 5, Nov., 2022 P a g e | 25 www.americanjournal.org University, Literary Arabic is taught as an elective subject, and students have the opportunity to learn Arabic here. Ample opportunities have been created for the Arab population to learn their native language. It is worth noting that people belonging to the Arab nation have preserved their folklore, customs and ceremonies, in addition to the language. It should be noted that the Arab inhabitants of Jeynov have preserved their native language and their dialect is still under the attention of researchers. In particular, on September 14-15, 2021, the center will meet Shabo Talay, a senior Arabic scholar from Turkey, who is currently working at the Freie Universitat Berlin in Germany, and Umrbek Ibragimov, a master's student of the same university, and elderly people and activists who know Arabic and live in the village of Jeynov. video communication was organized. In this dialogue, the questions of Professor Shabo Talai about the Jainov-Arabic dialect, its pronunciation, national games and campaigns were answered by the elderly Jainov residents and activists of the center, and the dialogue was lively [6]. In cooperation with the initiative of the Arab National Culture Center and the studio "Uzbektelyefilm", documentaries about the history and culture of local Arabs, such as "In the bosom of the centuries", "Zeynovliklari", "Arabs of Uzbekistan" were filmed. An exhibition was organized in the Palace of Arts in the center of the village of Jeynov, where the exhibited exhibits tell about the ancient traditions and customs of the Arabs in our country, as well as the activities of famous people from the diaspora. Conclusion: So, independence allowed the Arabs living in Uzbekistan to realize and express their identity along with other nationalities in our country. They are widely and actively participating in the reforms implemented in our republic. The most important thing is that the Arabs had the opportunity to openly express their ethnicity, restore their historical and national culture, study and promote it. Today, the Arab National-Cultural Center, which operates in the town of Jeynov, Kashkadarya region, is involved in the work in this regard. This center established relations with the regions where Arabs live in the republic, established a historical-ethnographic museum and a folklore-ethnographic ensemble promoting national art. Also, on the initiative of the yshby center, efforts are being made to establish relations with Arabs in Iran and Saudi Arabia in terms of cooperation and exchange of experience. References: 1. Mirziyoyev Sh.M. International friendship and solidarity is an important factor in the peace and well-being of our people.// https://uza.uz/uz/posts/millatlararo-d-stlik-va-amzhi-atlik-khal-imiz- tinchligi-va-f-24-01-2017 2. Ergasheva Y.A., Eralov A.J. tourism power of the republic of uzbekistan. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL AND HUMANITARIAN RESEARCH. ISSN:2690-9626 Vol. 3, No 6. 2022. 3. Current archive of the Arab National Cultural Center of the Republic of Uzbekistan 4. https://uzdaily.uz/uz/post/3883 5. Rajabov R. History and ethnography of Arabs in Uzbekistan. - T.: "Sharq", 2012. - P. 161-162. 6. Current archive of Kashkadarya regional administration. 2021 report of the Arab National Cultural Center of the Republic of Uzbekistan. https://uza.uz/uz/posts/millatlararo-d-stlik-va-amzhi-atlik-khal-imiz-tinchligi-va-f-24-01-2017 https://uza.uz/uz/posts/millatlararo-d-stlik-va-amzhi-atlik-khal-imiz-tinchligi-va-f-24-01-2017