American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences ISSN (E): 2832-8019 Volume 21, | February, 2024 P a g e | 149 www.americanjournal.org SOCIAL-PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF STUDYING ECOLOGICAL CONSCIOUSNESS Akramov Mirmuxsin Rustamovich, Associate Professor of the Department of "Psychology and Pedagogy of Religion" of the International Islamic Academy of Uzbekistan, Doctor of Psychology A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This article is devoted to the topic of socio-psychological aspects of the study of environmental consciousness in the formation of an environmentally healthy environment. The text of the article also discusses the interaction of a person and the environment, the phenomenon of ecological consciousness and its description, consciousness and its development, personality in sociogenesis, ontogenetic development of ecological consciousness, ecological culture and human values, psychological features of the manifestation of ecological consciousness are widely covered. Personality, consciousness, ecological consciousness, psychology, environment, interaction, natural world, ecological culture, ethics, need, society, anthropopathism. Introduction Today, the relationship between man and nature is getting closer, and the mutual integration of the "society-man-technology-natural environment" system is becoming increasingly relevant. Also, in the current global environment, studying the relationship between man and nature, preserving the ecological environment, forming environmental consciousness and culture in people, and reducing the impact of the human factor on nature are becoming urgent tasks for many sciences. Until now, many sociological, pedagogical, philosophical studies have been carried out on environmental issues, and in them, topics such as the formation of ecological culture in the individual, the impact of society on the environment, and the education of ecological behavior have been thoroughly studied. However, scientific research on the psychological aspects of the formation of environmental awareness in local psychological research has not been carried out. The formation of ecological consciousness is considered a unique psychological phenomenon, and its research is likely to provide very interesting and important information not only for the science of psychology, but also for the science of ecology. The concept of ecological consciousness is a very popular concept in the research of foreign psychology and Russian psychology. For the first time, the concept of "ecological consciousness" was used by the researcher B. T. Likhacheva. Later, scientists N.I. Ikonnikova, O. Yu. Molchanova, S.D. Deryabo, V.A. Yasvin, A.S. The Martinovs also conducted their own research in this regard [3]. Chronologically, the problem of environmental consciousness began to be studied with great enthusiasm in Russian psychology in the early 90s. The main goal is to prevent the ecological crisis, and it is planned to be carried out primarily by creating ecological culture and awareness among people. The second aspect American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 21 February, 2024 P a g e | 150 www.americanjournal.org was a psychological and pedagogical deep consideration of the development of ecological consciousness in a person. "Consciousness" is a collection of knowledge and attitudes that arise and manifest in activity and communication. Environmental awareness includes the environment, the natural world, the relationship between man and nature, as well as related human strategies and technologies for working with nature. Ecological consciousness in a broad sense focuses on the psychological component of human interaction with the natural world. In this, the mechanisms of human interaction with animals and plants are reflected. According to V. I. Medvedev, the central concept of the psychology of ecological consciousness is the concept of "natural world". That is, "natural environment" is a holistic system that provides human life and works objectively[5]. In a word, natural environmental systems are made up of natural objects, and it is one of the highest duties of every person to preserve them from generation to generation. According to Yasvin, the following aspects of understanding ecological consciousness are distinguished [6]: - Nature should be understood not as "natural environment" but as "natural world"; - In the analysis of ecological consciousness, the main attention should be focused not on objective relations of man with nature, but on subjective relations; - For the study of ecological consciousness, information from such areas as social psychology, personal psychology, zoopsychology, and health psychology is also very important; - Ecological awareness is a problem studied by pedagogical psychology. That is, it contains concepts such as ecological education, ecological behavior, and ecological culture. In modern psychology, it is considered appropriate to consider environmental consciousness based on the following issues: - In the process of sociogenesis, ecological problems have been studied since different periods. That is, the appearance of the external world, matter, plants, animals, natural resources, etc. With the passage of time, society, life on earth, has changed fundamentally through social civilization; - In the process of ecological awareness, knowledge - in which the knowledge, skills, qualifications and environmental competences of a person about the natural environment are analyzed. In addition, the fact that a person lives in harmony with the external environment from a young age, ecological behavior formed from a young age is also taken into account; - Based on the analysis of the process of ontogenesis - the socialization process of a person from birth to the end of his life, the form of ecological consciousness and culture, etc. It is known from these classifications that knowledge about nature is formed in a person since childhood. It also distinguishes concepts such as human imagination about nature, the relationship between nature and man, the image of nature, and the person in the image of the world. Some psychologists try to analyze the concept of ecological consciousness together with concepts such as "ecological behavior" and "ecological culture". I.V. Svetokva said that ecological culture is the ability of people to apply ecological knowledge and skills in practice. Environmental consciousness consists of human ecological concepts, outlook, position, attitude to nature, and practical strategies1. Behavior towards the environment is a set of direct and indirect actions of people towards the natural environment and natural resources. Therefore, the unique characteristics of ecological consciousness 1Цветкова И.В. Личный опыт по взаимодействию с окружающей средой в процессе формирования экологической культуры младшего школьника // Учителю об экологии детства / Под ред. В.И.Панова, В American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 21 February, 2024 P a g e | 151 www.americanjournal.org should be explained through the practical skills for nature formed in man. Television, political awareness, economic knowledge, and education are recommended as psychological measures for the formation of ecological consciousness in a person. It is advisable to implement this process starting from pre-school educational institutions. In addition, science, ecology, and other subjects are taught on the basis of in-depth programs in every secondary school. These programs are created in accordance with traditional educational programs and are updated annually by the Ministry of Education. A question arises? Why should environmental awareness be studied psychologically? Reasons for this have long been of interest to everyone [1]. According to I.A. Sosunova, the need to study ecological consciousness is related to the following: - Ecological consciousness - has been studied as a public movement since the end of the 19th century; - Ecological awareness is related to the search for answers to questions about nature. It has a social, biological, psychic essence, and it is conditioned; - Ecological consciousness is the result of the evolution of human consciousness. It is reflected in concepts such as person, family, ethnicity, state, politics, planet, space; - The study of ecological consciousness is a direction that determines the causes of social and cultural objects of nature [4]. According to V.V. Kalita, man is an inseparable part of nature, one should not be against nature, one should not harm it, it should always be preserved. Plants, animals, insects, which are representatives of nature, are subjects with full rights in life, like a person2. V.R. Arseniev describes the reasons for people's distance from nature as follows: - Violation of cooperation between man and nature; - Humanizing nature more than necessary; - Deification of nature; - Accepting nature in its diversity; - Treating the environment as if it was created naturally and should remain as such, etc [2]. In addition to genetic heritage, people also have cultural heritage, which fundamentally distinguishes man from all living creatures on earth. The main factor that determines human activity is not biophysical, but social and cultural factors. In short, man does not live in natural conditions, but he lives in constant social conditions. Therefore, environmental consciousness can be understood as an anthropocentric phenomenon. It covers all spheres of human activity, i.e. economic, political, educational, etc. Ecological center is a system of ideas about the world, which is based on ecological expediency, lack of conflict between man and nature, subjective perception of nature, pragmatic and non-pragmatic interaction. distinguished by the balance of mystery. Sources related to the study of human ecological consciousness have shown that ecological education and upbringing, as well as the existence of certain moral and personal attitudes, play a major role in the development of ecological consciousness of any person. It is advisable to carry out such activities from childhood, to educate them in a timely manner. 2 Калита В.В. 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