American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences ISSN (E): 2832-8019 Volume 29, | October - 2024 P a g e | 95 www.americanjournal.org DEVELOPMENT OF CRAFTS IN KASHKADARYA Rakhmatova Mavjuda History Teacher of the 52nd General Secondary School A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This article talks about the development of crafts in Kashkadarya. Based on scientific data, the author studied and analyzed the specific aspects of the development of handicrafts in Kashkadarya based on existing literature. Kashkadarya, crafts, culture, history. Introduction Today, one of the most promising sectors of the national economy is tourism. From the first years of Uzbekistan's independence, tourism has become one of the strategically important sectors of the national economy. In this regard, the development of tourism in the country, its diversification and repair of tourist facilities located in the regions, preservation, ensuring rapid development, creating new jobs, increasing incomes and quality of life, as well as increasing investment attractiveness attention was paid to the consistent implementation of complex measures[1]. In the first years of Uzbekistan's independence, it showed a unique way of development to renew the society. On this path, the formation of a socially oriented market economy is the path of development that is fully in line with the interests of the local population, taking into account world experience, as well as the lifestyle, customs, traditions, and values of our people. Handicrafts are one of the industries that fully suit the interests of the local population. Handicrafts in the territory of Uzbekistan differed depending on the location, lifestyle, customs, traditions, occupations and occupations of the population. In particular, handicrafts developed in Kashkadarya in the form of home crafts, which are also unique in Kashkadarya. Research Methodology: The First President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, I.A. Karimov, described the craft of the region by saying: "In the Kashkadarya region, the first forms of industry, such as pottery, handicrafts and iron processing, have appeared" [2]. In the years of independence in Kashkadarya, embroidery in Shahrisabz, pottery in Kasbi, weaving, blacksmithing in Koson and Karshi, and carpet making in Chiroqchi were developed in Kashkadarya. In the city of Shahrisabz, Iraqi embroidery has developed in a unique way, and even separate shops have been established for them to develop their craft. They produce various types of embroidery products here on a home-based basis. American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 29 October - 2024 P a g e | 96 www.americanjournal.org Analysis аnd results In the Kashkadarya oasis, national sozana, zardevor, pillow cases, embroidery and other industries have developed. Tulips, roses, pairs of birds, branches growing flowers and various motifs are depicted in the embroidery. Especially sozanas are hung in the room of the bride and groom with good intentions, that is, so that their lives will be filled with happiness and flowers, and they will always walk in pairs. Sometimes in the oases, the chimildiq itself is made of embroidered words. Shahrisabz Iraqi embroidery patterns are placed without leaving any open space on the fabric, while in Surkhandaryo embroidery, circles are placed in a row on dark red or yellow fabrics, bright colors are decorated with patterns. is distinguished by The combination of blue, yellow, and red colors in Shahrisabz embroidery represents the awakening process of nature[3]. Especially for girls' dowry, they are preparing jewelry, shawls, pillowcases, vests and other types of embroidered items. They even took part in exhibitions in Italy in 2015 and demonstrated Shahrisabz's Iraqi embroidery. Another type of handicraft is carpet making. The history of the art of carpet weaving goes back a long time. On the ancient Great Silk Road, carpet was considered the most expensive and beautiful fabric. The carpets are not only beautiful, but also distinguished by their sophistication. We can clearly see carpet making in Chirakchi, Qamashi, Dehkanabad districts of Kashkadarya region. One of the features of Uzbek handicrafts is that many of its branches are directly related to the household economy. In home crafts, they were engaged in crafts such as spinning, weaving, and felting. In Chiraqi District, the residents of Chiraqi district, who are mainly engaged in animal husbandry, are involved in carpet weaving, carding, carding, spinning, dyeing, weaving. they are well versed in carpet weaving and felting. They also weave carpets and khurjun of several types of carpets (qokmagilam, termagilam, khojarigilam, shoshmakuyosh and hakoza). Similar products are made from cotton products. The red color is dominant in Chirakchi carpets and represents the longevity of life. White, black, blue, fiery, brown, red, inky, green colors were used in weaving these carpets. A carpet shop was also opened in Kokdala village. Ten types of carpets are produced here. Kokdala carpets received an award at the international fair held in France. In local areas, women are currently continuing the tradition of weaving carpets with a unique hashar method. Three people weaved one carpet together and spent 15-20 days to finish it. In 1997, in Kashkadarya, the production of carpets in the region was 26.1%, and the yarn production was 1,806,000 tons, and the production of public consumption increased by 23% and amounted to 44,668,947 million. reached soum[4]. In Uzbekistan, as in all fields, a lot of attention is paid to the development of folk art crafts and applied art, and to the revival of its forgotten directions. Another unique type of handicraft is basket weaving. Basket weaving has been an ancient Uzbek craft. Our ancestors used to weave baskets from reeds, twigs and various branches growing in streams and lakes around farms and yards. They have different names depending on their shape and use. For example, kajava baskets, grape baskets, mesh baskets, and printed baskets have been woven and sold in special stores since ancient times. These types of baskets can be found at home in the mountainous regions of Chirakchi District. People weave these baskets for their own needs. In particular, from the fields of handicrafts, we can mention the field of woodworking, leather, and practical art products made from leather. Sunnat Ibragimov from the city of Karshi is engaged in woodworking and is attracting many buyers to make national musical instruments such as tanbur, dutor, rubob. On March 24, 1997, signed by the first President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, according to the decree "On measures to support the further development of folk arts and crafts from the state" [5], high- American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 29 October - 2024 P a g e | 97 www.americanjournal.org level domestic the support of the local authorities to the folk craftsmen producing artistic handicrafts was important. "Hunarmand" association of folk masters, craftsmen, artists of the Republic of Uzbekistan was established on the basis of the decree of the first President of the Republic of Uzbekistan on March 31, 1997 No. 1741 "On further promotion of folk arts and crafts and practical development". The number of people registered in this association through the system is 106164, the total number of members of the association is 27900, the total number of craftsmen working in the field of tourism is 1328. In order to support such craftsmen, many associations and foundations were established. In 1996, the International "Golden Heritage" charitable foundation was established in the republic, and in the "Tashabbus" competition, which has been held every year since that year, " "The best craftsman" in the direction of many craftsmen from Kashkadarya in 1996-2009 in Shahrisabz Iraqi embroidery Odilova Gulnora (matiz car), potter Rakhmatov Zakir (Karshi district), national musical instrument master I. Kadirov (Karshi city) , woodcarver Turayev Olim (Kitab district), goldsmith Gulboyeva Zainab (Karshi city), potter Niyazov Bahadir (Karshi city), wood carver Satorov Zubaydullo (Kasbi district), painter Alimov Karim (Karshi city) cities) participated and won valuable prizes[6]. Conclusion: To sum up, in all fields of crafts, the images directly connected with the customs, ceremonies, holidays, religious and secular worldviews of the local people of Kashkadarya have always been interpreted as the main theme. preserved style and art. References: 1. E. Y. Alimovna, EA Jomurodovich. Tourism power of the republic of Uzbekistan. American Journal of Social and Humanitarian. |ISSN:2690-9626| Vol.3, No 6. 2022. 2. Karimov I.A. A free and prosperous Motherland, a free and prosperous life is our ultimate goal. Volume VIII. -T.: "Uzbekistan", 2000. -B.96. 3. Gyul'E. Gloss of colors in the artistic textiles of Uzbekistan \\ Art. 2008. #34. -B.23. 4. Economic indicators of Kashkadarya region in 1990-1999 - Karshi, 2000. -B.7. 5. Art of Uzbekistan. -T.: "Sharq", 2001. -B.10. 6. Bulletin of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan -T., March 1997, -#3. -B.21-22. https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=EIJZ3kQAAAAJ&hl=en&oi=sra