American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences ISSN (E): 2832-8019 Volume 34, | March - 2025 P a g e | 31 www.americanjournal.org THE PERFORMANCE OF UZBEKISTAN'S PERIODICAL PUBLISHING PRESSES IN THE YEARS OF INDEPENDENCE Jabborova Nilufar Shavkatovna Oriental University — Advisor to the Rector on Information Policy Issues Press Secretary A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This scientific article highlights the significant role of the periodical press in the study of the history of Uzbekistan during the years of independence. The article emphasizes how the periodical press contributed to historical research by disseminating historical knowledge, encouraging public engagement with history, and providing a platform for documenting key events and social changes. This article analyzes the activities of periodicals in Uzbekistan during the years of independence, highlighting their socio-political and cultural significance. It examines the role of periodicals in promoting the idea of independence and shaping national values and ideas. Positive and negative aspects of the functioning of modern print and electronic periodicals are also discussed. Periodicals, independence, national idea, media, press, ancestors, scientists, teachers, heritage, education, future generation, problems, solutions, legacies, knowledgeable, educated, wise, great, fair, encyclopedia, technologies, algorithm, calculation. Introduction The periodical press facilitated the public’s engagement with history, encouraging readers to reflect on their collective past and its relevance to the present. Through articles, opinions, and interviews, historical narratives were presented in a more accessible and coherent manner, stimulating public discussion and deepening appreciation of Uzbekistan’s historical heritage. The periodical press served as a valuable source for documenting important events and social changes that occurred during the years of independence. It provided a nuanced understanding of the diverse perspectives and realities of the Uzbek people, capturing the voices and experiences of individuals and communities. Newspapers in particular chronicle important historical moments and serve as a primary source for future historical analysis. Historians face challenges in using periodicals as historical sources, requiring critical assessment of the reliability and bias of the information presented. The presence of subjective interpretations, political influences, and limited access to some periodicals can pose challenges for the researcher. Preserving and archiving periodicals poses logistical challenges, as both physical and digital copies must be carefully stored and preserved. Initiatives to establish and digitize comprehensive archives can ensure the long-term use and preservation of these valuable historical sources. Historians can benefit from collaborating with journalists and editors in the periodicals. Such collaboration can enhance historical American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 34 March - 2025 P a g e | 32 www.americanjournal.org accuracy, promote well-informed reporting, and encourage a more rigorous and nuanced understanding of historical events and processes. LITERATURE ANALYSIS AND METHODOLOGY Publications on the study of the era of Amir Temur in world historiography, the formation of the scientific direction of "Temur studies", the creation of the image of Amir Temur in fiction began much earlier. It is known that in Soviet historiography, despite the ideological approach characteristic of its time, certain works were carried out. In this regard, the research of a number of selfless scientists, such as G.A. Pugachenkova, I. Mominov, R. Mukminova, Lunin B.V, E.V. Rtveladze, P. Zohidov, L.I. Rempel, A. Orinbayev, B. Ahmedov, D. Yusupova, O. Alimov, T. Fayziyev, O. Buriyev, who laid the foundation for the development of Temur studies, served to illuminate the history of the reign of Amir Temur. After all, it is their merits in perfectly covering the history of the life and work of Amir Temur in major publications published during the years of independence that should be recognized. Primary written sources, i.e. manuscripts, are covered in special catalogs. It is worth noting that the first bibliographic index was compiled by the historian Lunin B.V. in the pre-independence period, classifying literature by field into twelve sections (Lunin B.V. History, culture and art of the Timurid era in Soviet literature (bibliographic index) // Public sciences in Uzbekistan. - Tashkent, 1969. No. 8- 9. - P. 100–145). At the same time, in this bibliographic index, under the influence of ideological pressure during the authoritarian Soviet era, literature on the life and work of Amir Temur was included in the "General history" section. However, this does not diminish the scientific significance of the study, but rather indicates the depth of the scholar's philosophical observations. This classification of bibliographical indicators was significantly developed by B.V. Lunin during the years of independence and was not only presented in several fundamental publications, but also the scientist (History of the Era of Temur and Ulugbek. - Tashkent: Chief Editor of Communes, 1996. - P. 28–42) also carried out an analysis of the main sources and scientific literature of the era of Amir Temur from the point of view of historiography. Also, the scientific works of foreign historians, Russian orientalists, and historians who conducted research during the Soviet period were gradually studied, and for the first time, historical literature on the subject was evaluated in a new interpretation of historiography. This prepared bibliography collection continues to play an important role in conducting research to this day. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS The acquisition of independence has created a need for fundamental changes in all spheres in Uzbekistan. One of these areas is the development of periodicals and freedom of the press, which have served as a decisive factor in shaping the socio-political consciousness of society. Periodicals have become not only a source of information, but also a means of discussing important issues in society and forming public opinion. During the Soviet Union, the press was a system subject to centralized state policy and operated under censorship. After independence, this situation changed. Reforms were implemented in the field of journalism, and the legislative framework was revised. In particular: The Law "On Mass Media" (1997)* was an important step towards ensuring freedom of the press and abolishing censorship. This law allowed periodicals to operate independently. It clearly defined the rights and obligations of journalists and guaranteed freedom of information dissemination. The increase in the number of independent periodicals also created a new information environment. American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 34 March - 2025 P a g e | 33 www.americanjournal.org Periodicals began to widely cover government policies, economic development issues, and social changes. For example, newspapers such as "Xalq so'zi", "O'zbekiston ovozi", and "Ma'rifat" played a significant role in informing the public about political and social processes in the country. With the independence of Uzbekistan, the state adopted a number of laws aimed at ensuring freedom of the press. In particular, the Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 4366 “On additional measures to ensure the independence of the mass media and develop the activities of information services of state bodies and organizations” of June 27, 2019 was a significant event. Accordingly, it was required to form a group of experts in order to ensure effective cooperation with the media, timely dissemination of information among journalists and bloggers working with information services, as well as the participation of the general public in discussing draft regulatory legal acts. The adoption of Resolution No. 1017 of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On approval of certain administrative regulations for the provision of state services in the field of mass information and communications” dated December 19, 2019 was significant. This law guaranteed the rights of journalists and created a legal basis for the free activity of publications. The idea of independence, national values, and traditions were widely promoted through periodicals. Newspapers and magazines provided the public with information about the history, culture, and holidays of the nation. For example, the newspaper "Voice of Uzbekistan" was one of the main propagators of national ideas and values from the first years of independence. Periodicals also made a significant contribution to increasing the value of the national language and expanding its scope of use. Periodicals have served as the main means of forming and developing the national idea since the first years of Uzbekistan's independence. Through them: – The idea and values of independence were promoted. Articles about national holidays, historical dates, and personalities were regularly published in periodicals. – Contributed to the development of the Uzbek language. Periodicals played an important role in enhancing the value of the national language. In particular, attention was paid to the popularization of literary language standards and the dissemination of correct language rules. The restoration of historical memory and national identity was facilitated. Through newspapers and magazines, the historical heritage of the people was revisited, ancient traditions were revived. For example, the newspaper "Ma'rifat" gained a significant following with its articles aimed at promoting national values. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS The development of technology has led to the development of print and electronic publications in various forms. Since the 2000s, as a result of the expansion of the volume of Internet media, electronic publications have become widely popular. The development of the Internet has led to the popularity of electronic publications along with print publications. However, print publications still retain their importance. This provides flexibility for different audiences. Modern publications, along with the rapid and widespread dissemination of information, also support the requirements of quality and impartiality of journalism. – Print media. They continue to disseminate information in a traditional format. In particular, print media specializing in political, cultural, and scientific topics have not lost their readers. American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 34 March - 2025 P a g e | 34 www.americanjournal.org – Electronic publications. Platforms such as "Kun.uz", "Daryo.uz", "Gazeta.uz" have achieved high speed in distributing information. They attract an audience by quickly delivering news, enriching it with photo and video materials. Also, through mobile applications and social networks, periodicals have the opportunity to establish direct communication with readers. The tasks of informing the public, covering and discussing social problems, as well as forming public opinion are being carried out through publications. For example, articles on health care, education and environmental problems, and proposals for their solutions have become important in mobilizing the public. The laws of the Republic of Uzbekistan on freedom of the press have created a legal framework for the mass media. This has especially helped to expand and increase the sphere of influence of publications such as "Khalk sozi". Periodicals serve not only as a means of disseminating information, but also as a means of calling society to vigilance and forming a culture of discussion. Through them: – Social issues were covered. More emphasis was placed on important topics such as healthcare, education, and environmental protection. – Issues of economic development were discussed. Information about new economic reforms, production opportunities, and entrepreneurial projects was provided to the population through periodicals. At the same time, periodicals played an important role in shaping public opinion. The activities of government and public organizations were evaluated through journalistic analysis and reporting. Periodicals played an important role in restoring national identity and instilling it in society. For example, publications such as "Sharq yulduzi" and "Ma'rifat" promoted national literature and culture. They also worked to protect the national language and values. Although periodicals played a major role in the restoration of national identity, they faced certain restrictions. Problems with press freedom and financial shortages negatively affected their activities. Conclusion The development of periodicals in Uzbekistan during the years of independence has opened up new opportunities for modern society. They are not only a source of information, but also an important tool supporting social development. The development of modern print and electronic media and increasing their professional level are one of the main tasks in the future. In conclusion, during the years of independence, Uzbek periodicals have made a significant contribution to the revival of national identity and values, to reflecting state policy and the needs of society. However, the issues of press freedom and financial stability remain urgent issues that need to be resolved for the further development of their activities. Therefore, the role of periodicals can be assessed both positively and critically. REFERENCES 1. Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PF-4947 dated February 7, 2017 “On the Strategy of Actions for the Further Development of the Republic of Uzbekistan”. 2. 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