American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences ISSN (E): 2832-8019 Volume 37, | June - 2025 P a g e | 37 www.americanjournal.org INFRASTRUCTURE OF HOUSEHOLD SERVICES IN VILLAGES OF SURKHANDARYA REGION Kadirova Yakitzhan Buvabayevna Associate Professor, Tashkent State Pedagogical University named after Nizami A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S One of the most urgent tasks is to improve the lives of rural residents, whose role and importance in the development of the country are incomparable, to a level that meets modern standards. For this, housing construction, the provision of communal services and improving household services are of great importance in the socio-economic development of villages. The main part of the republican and local budgets was allocated for housing construction and improving communal services. Household services, housing construction, drinking water, village, gasification, Surkhandarya region. Introduction One of the main factors in improving the living conditions of the population was the provision of clean drinking water and gasification of rural households. For example, in 1992, the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers "On providing the rural population with drinking water and natural gas" was adopted. A number of measures were also developed in our region to ensure the implementation of the Resolution. In accordance with the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers "On the Program for the Development of Rural Social Infrastructure of the Republic of Uzbekistan for the Period up to 2000" (May 21, 1996)[1], a Program for the Development of Housing Construction in Rural Areas for 1996– 2000 was adopted, and it was planned to build 31,602 thousand sq. m. of housing in rural areas of the republic during these years (including 3,678 thousand sq. m. in Surkhandarya)[2]. The resolution also included programs for the development of drinking water and gas networks in rural areas of the republic in 1996–2000. According to the program, in 1996–2000, 9,550 km of drinking water pipelines were to be laid in rural areas of the republic, and 960 km in Surkhandarya. It was also planned to lay 18,530 km of gas pipelines in rural areas of the republic and 1,896 km in rural areas of the Surkhandarya region during 1996–2000[3]. State programs attached special importance to the provision of public utilities, and the most necessary measures were taken to ensure their implementation on the ground. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION During the Second World War, like all the republics of the Soviet Union, UzbekistThe State Program “Year of Human Interests” of 1997 also outlined measures to improve housing and communal services. In accordance with this program, 410.7 thousand sq. m. of housing was built in rural areas of American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 37 June - 2025 P a g e | 38 www.americanjournal.org Surkhandarya region. However, housing construction in villages at the expense of various enterprises was not up to the required level[4]. Such situations arose due to the cold-blooded approach of leaders to their duties and the lack of clear definition of tasks in the plans. In providing housing for the population of Uzbekistan, in 1999, each urban resident received 14.4 sq. m. of space, while the rural population received 13.1 sq. m. of space[5]. However, despite the considerable work done during the years of independence to provide houses with communal and household amenities, namely water supply, sewage, natural gas, bathrooms, and central heating systems, the situation in the villages is still not up to the required level. In 2002, the level of gasification of houses in the villages of Surkhandarya region was 51 percent[6]. This indicator was the lowest in the republic. In Denov district, a very significant amount of work was carried out in the field of providing household services to the population, and in 2004, 55.4 thousand square meters of housing were built, 14.2 kilometers of clean drinking water pipes and 32.3 kilometers of gas pipes were put into operation. In 2006-2008, 120 thousand square meters of housing were built in the district by the state, private, and individual sectors, 35 kilometers of clean drinking water pipelines, 58.5 kilometers of gas pipelines were put into operation, and the standard of living of the population improved. In 2006, 41.5 square meters of housing, 8 kilometers of natural gas, and 15 kilometers of drinking water pipelines were installed and put into operation. In 2004-2009, 4 academic lyceums and colleges, 3 general education schools, 12 rural medical centers and medical facilities were built and put into operation in the district. Also, complete overhauls were carried out in schools No. 31, 80, 82, new branch buildings for 51 schools, and additional educational buildings for 41 schools were built and put into operation. During his tenure as the khokim of Zharkurgan district from 2001 to 2008, Norboy Shomurodov tried to implement the main goal of his work on the basis of the rural infrastructure program. Therefore, instead of the planned 40 thousand m2 of housing for the population in rural areas, 41.2 thousand m2 of household plots were actually allocated. Although the plan for installing water pipes to provide the population with clean drinking water was designed for 14 km, in reality it was extended to 14.6 km. In accordance with the Resolution No. 405 of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated September 17, 2003 “On additional measures to further improve the provision of drinking water and natural gas to rural settlements”, the regional khokim’s resolution No. 160 dated September 24, 2003, adopted in accordance with the Resolution No. 160 of the regional khokim, the settlements “Qarayoghoch”, “Aqjar”,“Jinnitepa” and “Istara” specified in the program were provided with natural gas in the district during 2003. Under the initiative and leadership of Norboy Shomurodov, the level of provision of the district population with natural gas was 75.6 percent, and the level of provision of drinking water was 85.6 percent. During 2004, 6 settlements in the district, namely “Kizilnavr,” “Mingchinor,” “Kuyi Bobotog’,” “Istara,” “Aqjar,” and “Gulkhovuz,” were supplied with natural gas. Of this, 20.5 million soums were allocated from the state budget for the gasification of the “Mingchinor” population center, and 2.5 km of gas pipelines were laid. In order to meet the population’s need for natural gas, a 3.2 km medium-pressure gas pipeline was laid and put into operation at the expense of budget funds to supply the “Turkman” settlement in the Surkhan Experimental Farmers Association with natural gas. If we pay special attention to the role of Village Councils in the conditions of a market economy in the early years of Uzbekistan's independence, we can consider the example of the "New Life" Village American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 37 June - 2025 P a g e | 39 www.americanjournal.org Council. In the years after independence, in the former Lenin Yuli district, a number of decisions were made at the meetings of the Village Council Executive Committee on the issue of social protection of the population in the conditions of a market economy. Five organizations operated in the territory of the "New Life" Village Council, including: state farms named Istara, Tashkent, Schroeder, and PMK- 4, as well as the "Istara" trade association[7]. A neighborhood committee was also formed in the territory of the Village Council, which was responsible for organizing weddings and other ceremonies of the population and the correct distribution of food products in stores. The provision of clean drinking water to the population of the region was 68%, that is, 1822 households out of 2679 households used clean drinking water. All residents of the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th sections of the Istara state farm center, and 2nd kurgan were provided with drinking water. The residents of the Schroeder state farm and the residents of the Tashkent state farm living only in the center were also provided with drinking water[8]. There are 63 km of state roads and 121 km of internal roads in the territory of the Village Council, and there is 1 park and 1 stadium in the Istara state farm, which was planned to be transformed into a sports complex in 1992-93. In the region, 789,807 square meters of housing were commissioned in 2002, 48,637 square meters in Kyzyryk district, and 65.7 thousand square meters of housing were commissioned in 2019[9]. In 2005, the area of residential housing was 524 thousand square meters, including 524 thousand square meters of individual housing, 252 km of drinking water pipelines, and 337.7 km of gas pipelines[11]. Currently, the provision of clean drinking water to the population of Kyzyryk district is 80.1 percent, and work in this regard is ongoing. That is, in Kyzyryk district, 36.7 thousand square meters of residential housing were constructed, including 36.7 thousand square meters of individual housing. sq.m., 21.2 km of drinking water pipelines and 24.3 km of gas pipelines were built and commissioned[12]. The resolutions “On additional measures to expand the scale of housing construction in rural areas” dated August 3, 2009 and “On additional measures to expand private housing construction based on model projects in rural areas” dated June 17, 2010 created a number of benefits and conveniences for our compatriots who dream of improving their housing conditions, and mechanisms for the rapid and high-quality implementation of projects were formed. In 2019, ten model houses with an area of 0.20 thousand sq.m. were built[13]. As part of the implementation of measures to improve the population's access to quality drinking water, a water pipeline network was commissioned. In 2009 alone, 169.3 million work worth soums was completed, and 5 settlements were provided with drinking water. Funds were allocated from the Asian Development Bank to re-establish a drinking water network in the neighborhoods of the Saryk city assembly, and the team of the head of the unitary enterprise "Kiziryk water supply" Normomin Poyonov worked hard to improve the drinking water supply[14]. In 2019, the number of people provided with drinking water in the district was 96,191, and the length of the water pipeline network was 1,078.4 kilometers, which means that the level of drinking water supply for the population was 55%[15]. In 2010, 859,400 square meters of housing and premises were put into operation in the region, 50,500 square meters in the Kyzyryk district, and in 2019, 65.7 thousand square meters of housing and premises were put into operation in the Kyzyryk district[16]. American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 37 June - 2025 P a g e | 40 www.americanjournal.org The first small electrical substations in the Kyzyryk steppe were commissioned in the second half of the last century, laying the foundation for the establishment of the district power grid enterprise. Dedicated engineering and technical staff, headed by Abdusattor Umirov, carried out effective work in this area. In 2019, four transformer substations, 380 low-voltage transformers, and the length of power grids in the district amounted to 1,715.1 km. [17] In 2010, the level of natural gas supply to the population of the district was 66.6 percent. The district branch of "Zhanubgaztaminot" worked with strict discipline and responsibility to further improve this work. After Kayum Nodirov was appointed head of the team, work began on laying new gas pipelines, overhauling old ones, and special gas trucks were brought in to deliver bottled gas to residents of remote villages. In the Kumkurgan district, attention was paid to the data on the work carried out on housing construction, gas and water supply networks in 2005, and it was analyzed that extensive work was carried out on the basis of state programs. In 2005, 35.6 thousand. sq. m. of residential buildings were built in Kumkurgan district, including 35.6 thousand. sq. m. of individual housing. 20.2 km of drinking water pipelines and 26 km of gas pipelines were built and commissioned. In 1997, 8 rural medical stations, 2 new schools, a 4-storey hospital in the district center, 2 colleges, and 4 neighborhood guzars were built and commissioned in Termez district. The provision of natural gas to the population was 89%, and the provision of drinking water was 84%. In the Boysun district, in 2004, 7,510 households were provided with clean drinking water, and the water supply rate of the population was 52.5 percent. In 2005, 7,841 households were provided with clean drinking water, and the water supply rate of the population was 52.6 percent. In 2006, 8,150 households were provided with drinking water, and the water supply rate of the population was 52.7 percent. In 2007, due to the passage of the water pipeline “Khojamaikhona-Darband-Chilonzor” at a distance of 25 kilometers, 10,000 residents living in the villages of Tillokamar, Sayrob, Munchok, and Chilonzor were provided with clean drinking water. By 2007, the water supply rate of the population in the district was increased to 56.3 percent. The level of natural gas supply to the population of the district was 52.3 percent in 2003, 55.2 percent in 2004, 55.3 percent in 2005, and 55.5 percent in 2006. In 2007, the level of gas supply to the population of the district was 66.2 percent. The number of households supplied with natural gas was 6,500. Housing construction in the district amounted to 27,237 square meters in 2004, 30,524 square meters in 2005, 40,078 square meters in 2006, and 41,379 square meters in 2007. The sphere of household services also plays a special role in determining the standard of living of the population. Household services are characterized by socio-organizational methods and forms of direct satisfaction of material and spiritual needs of people, independent of their professional and social activities. During the years of independence, as a result of the formation of a diversified economy and the development of market relations, the number of branches of the household services sector has increased. In order to further improve the provision of household services to the population in Uzbekistan, the “Uzmaishiikhizmatuyushma” was created in April 1992. In order to adapt the activities of the sector to market relations, measures were taken to de-state household service enterprises, make them private property or lease them. On October 12, 1995, the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On measures to stabilize the activities of household service enterprises” was adopted. In order to ensure the implementation of the Resolution, associations of entrepreneurs in the household service sector American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 37 June - 2025 P a g e | 41 www.americanjournal.org were created in the cities and districts of the republic. There were a total of 820 household service institutions in Surkhandarya region, with more than 1,300 entrepreneurs operating in them. In 1995, 317.9 million soums of paid household services were provided to the population in Surkhandarya region, which amounted to 202 soums per capita. However, this sector was not developed uniformly in different districts of the region[18]. Since district khokimiyats did not act on the basis of clear plans for the development of the household service sector, household service networks were not established in the villages of the district. CONCLUSION The development of the service sector and the provision of services to the rural population, opening up wide opportunities for small businesses and businesses, will help increase employment by creating new jobs. For this purpose, it is planned to launch trade, catering and household service facilities. REFERENCES: 1. Resolutions of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan. 1996. – No. 182. – P. 50-52. 2. Resolutions of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan. 1996. – No. 182. – P. 58. 3. Resolutions of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan. 1996. – No. 182. – P. 58. 4. Current archive of the Surkhandarya regional khokimiyat, fund 143, list 8, volume 24, sheet 15 5. Ahmedov E. Cities of Uzbekistan in the years of independence. – Tashkent, 2002. – P. 192. 6. Publication of the Office of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Bulletin. 2002. – No. 1. – P. 29 7. Archives of the Surkhandarya regional administration, fund 45, list 1, volume 45, sheet 94. 8. Archives of the Surkhandarya regional administration, fund 45, list 1, volume 45, sheet 94. 9. District passport. Data from the district statistics department. January 2020. 10. Surkhandarya region in numbers. 1991 - 2002. statistical collection. – Termez - 2004. – P. 240 11. . Surkhandarya region of the Republic of Uzbekistan in numbers. 1991 - 2002. - Termez. 2004. 12. . Surkhandarya region of the Republic of Uzbekistan in numbers. 1991 - 2002 years. - Termez.2004. 13. District passport. Data from the district statistics department. January 2020. 14. Norqobilov A. Alimov Ch. Land of patriots: Scenes from the life of Kyzyryk district. – T. “G‘.G‘ulom,” 2010. 38-b 15. District passport. Data from the district statistics department. January 2020. 16. Surkhandarya region in numbers. 2001 - 2010. statistical collection. – Termez - 2011. – B.197 17. District passport. Data from the district statistics department. January 2020. 18. Archives of the Surkhandarya regional khokimiyat, fund 143, list 6, volume 51, sheet 62.