American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences ISSN (E): 2832-8019 Volume 40, | September - 2025 P a g e | 11 www.americanjournal.org THE MECHANISMS OF OVERSIGHT ON GOVERNMENT CONTRACTS IN IRAQ ANDITS IMPACT ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PUBLIC PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION Mohammed Hatif Mohammed University of Al Qadisiyah, Iraq, mohammed.hatif@qu.edu.iq A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S The research aims to study the regulatory framework governing governmental contracts by analyzing the different levels of oversight: legislative (the Council of Representatives andits specialized committees), executive (ministries andcontracting authorities), judicial (courts andadministrative judicial bodies), andindependent bodies (the Federal Board of Supreme Audit andthe Integrity Commission), in addition to societal andmedia oversight. The study also reviews the applicable laws andregulations, such as the Government Contracts Implementation Instructions No. (2) of 2014, andcompares them with international standards in the field of governance andtransparency. The research adopts a descriptive-analytical methodology, based on a review of legal andeconomic literature, as well as an analysis of reports from the Federal Board of Supreme Audit andthe Integrity Commission, in addition to case studies of some stalled public projects. The study concludes that the multiplicity of oversight bodies contributes to uncovering violations andenhancing transparency, but at the same time creates institutional overlap andexcessive bureaucracy, which slow down contracting andimplementation procedures. It also shows that weak political will, lack of technical expertise in oversight bodies, andthe failure to activate preventive oversight constitute major obstacles to achieving effective control. The research recommends restructuring the oversight system on an integrative rather than competitive basis, activating preventive oversight through digitalization andthe introduction of electronic contract management systems, strengthening the independence of oversight bodies from political influence, developing the capacities of their staff, andinvolving civil society organizations andthe media as active actors in societal oversight to ensure the quality andeffectiveness of public project implementation. Contracts Governmental, Censorship Finance, body Integrity, Diwan Censorship Finance, Corruption Administrative, Governance, Projects public, Censorship Legislative, Censorship Executive, Censorship Judicial Introduction Contracts Governmental is means basic that adopt it the state in Iraq to implement Her projects Public andmanagement Her affairs development andservice, so form This is amazing Contracts ratio The American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 40 September - 2025 P a g e | 12 www.americanjournal.org biggest from size spending The year in Budget Annual . Non. that experience Iraqi during Contracts The last showed that Many from This is amazing Projects stumble or Delay or do At levels Low from Quality, Which mirror negatively on trust citizens In the country, valley to exacerbation problems brown Infrastructure andservices Basic . Andrelated. that In connection Directly To what extent efficiency Andeffectiveness system Censorship on Contracts Government . importance this Part from being Censorship on Contracts Represents One of Pillars Basic for governance, so Aims to a guarantee Transparency, andprevent Waste, andcombating Corruption Administrative andfinancial that It is considered from Highlights Challenges that Facing The state Iraqi . Andon Although from Pluralism Devices andthe authorities Supervisory, like council Representatives, Diwan Censorship Finance, body Integrity, andthe authorities Judicial, unless that effectiveness This is amazing Censorship what It's gone position discussion, because of what Accompanied by from Challenges Like bureaucracy, weakness Coordination Institutional, loss Competencies, Weakness will Politics . Andbased on from that, It is centered Problematic Search around Question : To any bezel Contribute Mechanisms Censorship on Contracts Governmental in Iraq in to improve effectiveness to implement Projects Public Andguarantee Usage optimum For resources? . Andaims Search to analysis Frames Legislative andinstitutional andexecutive For control, And diagnosis citizen power Andweakness In it, andexplore Its impact Live on efficiency Andeffectiveness Projects public, Arriving to presentation group from Recommendations that maybe that Contribute in Strengthening system Censorship The limit from Manifestations Corruption Andwaste Financial. Importance of research : This research springs importance from the role Vital that play it Contracts Governmental in investigation development Economic andsocial in Iraq, where It is considered The tool President To implement Projects Public Andmanagement Resources Finance . Andit can side Scientific For research in expansion knowledge around framework Legislative andinstitutional For supervision on Contracts Governmental, andanalysis Challenges anddifficulties that Facing This is amazing Censorship, Which Contributes in Strengthening Studies academy Related By governance andtransparency andcombating Corruption in sector The year . As well. It is distinguished Search Importantly practical It is represented by in presentation evaluation objective For mechanisms Censorship Current, Andhe is what Allows For makers decision possibility take steps reformatory To enhance efficiency to implement Projects Public The limit from Waste Financial Andadministrative . Addition to that, Owns Search importance Social clear, so Contributes to improve level Censorship andtransparency in Strengthening trust the society In institutions Governmental, Andit leads to support Participation community in monitoring performance Government . Finally, It is manifested Importance Economic For research in clarification effect Censorship effective on Usage optimum For resources in investigation development sustainable Andguarantee completion Projects Public With quality Required Andin Duration Temporal Specific . objectives : Aims this research to research Mechanisms Censorship on Contracts Governmental in Iraq andits impact on effectiveness to implement Projects public, Andthat from during several Axes Interconnected . First, He seeks Search to analysis framework Legislative andinstitutional that Organizes practical Censorship on Contracts Governmental, including in that role council Representatives, Ministries andthe authorities Executive, Devices Judicial, Diwan Censorship Finance American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 40 September - 2025 P a g e | 13 www.americanjournal.org Andthe Authority Integrity, Please on Censorship community Andthe media . Secondly, Aims Search to evaluation bezel efficiency andeffectiveness This is amazing Mechanisms in limit from Waste Financial Andadministrative, Andthe detection on Manifestations Corruption, Andguarantee quality to implement Projects Public . Thirdly, He seeks Search to set Challenges andobstacles that Facing practical Censorship, like Interference Institutional, Bureaucracy, loss Competencies artistic, Weakness will Politics, Andthe impact that on capacity The state on completion Her projects At the level Required . Finally, Aims Search to presentation group from Recommendations andprocedures reformatory that maybe that Contribute in Strengthening system Censorship, Andmore Transparency, Andimprove performance The year For projects Governmental, including Guarantee Usage optimum For resources Public Andachieve development sustainable. Research problem : Represents problem Search in presence failure clear in effectiveness Censorship on Contracts Governmental in Iraq, The order that Leads to Delay to implement Projects Public or Decrease Its quality, Andmore Opportunities Waste Financial Andadministrative, Andspread Manifestations Corruption . On Although from Pluralism Devices Supervision like council Representatives, Ministries andthe authorities Executive, Diwan Censorship Finance, Andthe Authority Integrity, andthe authorities Judicial, unless that This is amazing Censorship mostly what Facing Challenges big It is represented by in weakness Coordination Institutional, bureaucracy excessive, loss Competencies artistic, Weakness will Politics, Which limits from Her ability on tracking Contracts Andimplementation Projects In shape Optimal . Andit increases. The problem Complexity because of non presence Mechanisms Integrated connect between Censorship Legislative andexecutive andthe judiciary andcommunity, Andhe is what reflected negatively on quality Services Public Andtrust citizens In institutions Governmental . Based on on that, Focuses Search on analysis This is amazing problems Andspecify bezel Its impact on effectiveness to implement Projects Public in Iraq, With the aim of suggestion Solutions andprocedures reformatory To enhance Censorship Andachieve Use Ideal For resources public Part First: Frame conceptual andlegal For supervision on Contracts Governmental It indicates Censorship on Contracts Governmental to group Mechanisms andprocedures that Aims to a guarantee to implement Contracts Public efficiently Andtransparency according to laws andregulations Maamoul With it, Andprevent Waste Financial Andthe administrative Andcorruption . It includes: This is amazing Censorship Levels Multiple Includes Censorship Legislative from during Parliament andits committees Specialist, Censorship Executive via Ministries andthe authorities Contracting party, Censorship Judicial from courts Administrative, andcensorship Independent that He practices it Diwan Censorship Finance Andthe Authority Integrity . During this section, two requirements will be addressed: the nature of Censorship on Contracts Governmental andfoundation Legal andinstitutional For supervision in Iraq. The requirement First: Nature Censorship on Contracts Governmental: Censorship on Contracts Governmental she group procedures andmechanisms Supervision that Aims To ensure to implement Contracts efficiently Andtransparency, Andprevent Waste Financial Andthe administrative Andguarantee Commitment By specifications Temporal Andtechnical . During this American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 40 September - 2025 P a g e | 14 www.americanjournal.org requirement, two branches will be addressed, namely the concept of Censorship Its objectives andtypes Control (internal, Foreign Affairs, Judicial). Branch First : Concept Censorship Its objectives: Censorship to get to know that it is The process that It is done from During it tracking Activities Administrative andartistic inside Institutions To ensure investigation Objectives planned, Andthe detection on any deviations or mistakes may effect on Performance . It includes: Censorship collection Data Andanalyze it Andcompare it With plans andstandards Part pre, Andthen take procedures Corrective occasion when Necessity . Andit is considered Censorship Part Basically from Management Modern, Because it is Help in adjust performance Andachieve discipline Institutional Andreduce Risks Finance andadministrative Potential (Al-Zoubi, 2018: 47). Censorship play role pivotal in Strengthening Transparency inside Institutions Governmental Andprivate, so Allows tracking Activities Andmake sure from commitment Officials By laws andpolicies andprocedures Approved . As well. Contribute Censorship in limit from Corruption Financial Andadministrative, Andthat from during Detection early on transgressions Andimbalances . Andit is considered Transparency The resulting on Censorship worker Basically in building trust between citizens andpublic institutions owned by the state, Which Enhances Commitment By laws Andmore from effectiveness Performance (Al-Hussaini, 2019: 103). Censorship it works on investigation Efficiency Andthe effectiveness in Use Resources Andimprove performance Institutions, from during measurement Results actual comparison With goals andplans Part In advance . Andit helps. Censorship on to set citizen Waste or slowness in Operations, including maybe Management from take procedures necessary To correct The path Andimprove quality Achievement . As well. Contribute Censorship in Rationalization spending The year Andavoid costs not essential, Andhe is what reflected Positively on ability Institutional on investigation Objectives efficiently High (Al-Amiri, 2020: 88). It is considered Censorship Preventive from Highlights Goals Censorship, where Aims to forbid occurrence Violations or Mistakes before Its occurrence, Instead from Sufficiency By detection About her after Its occurrence . It is represented by This is amazing Censorship in situation Systems Review Interior Periodical, evaluation risks, Andcheck Operations Basic before Implement it . Andcontribute. Censorship Preventive in limit from Corruption Financial Andadministrative, Andimprove quality performance, Andreduce need to Interventions reformatory suffix, including Enhances effectiveness Institutions Public Andprivate on end Whether (Al-Rifai, 2017: 55). It is considered Censorship tool Basic To evaluate performance Andachieve Accountability inside Institutions, where Availability Data minute andreliable that Enable Makers decision from The ruling on bezel success Projects andprograms in investigation Its objectives . As well as strengthen Censorship culture Accountability between staff, so He is all employee responsible before Standards andpolicies The subject, Which raises level Commitment Andmotivates on to improve performance . Therefore, It is considered Censorship worker Main in a guarantee quality Services Andachieve development sustainable inside Institutions (Al-Hamadi, 2021: 72). Branch Second: Types Control ( internal, Foreign Affairs, Judicial ( It is considered Censorship Interior from Most important Types Censorship that Adopt it Institutions To ensure Her commitment With plans andpolicies Interior Andachieve Its objectives efficiently American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 40 September - 2025 P a g e | 15 www.americanjournal.org Andeffectiveness . It includes: Censorship Interior group from Mechanisms like Review Interior Periodical, Audit Operations, evaluation performance, Andreview Field For projects Andcontracts . Andaims This is amazing Censorship to Detection early on deviations andmistakes Finance andadministrative, Andreduce Waste, Andimprove quality take Decisions Administrative . As well as Contribute Censorship Interior in Strengthening discipline Institutional Andmore capacity The institution on confrontation Risks potential before Its occurrence (Al-Muqaddad, 2018: 62). Censorship Foreign Affairs she Censorship that Practice it authorities Independent on The institution itself, like Diwan Censorship Finance, ministry Finance, andbodies Supreme Specialist, With the aim of Verify from commitment The institution By laws andregulations andinstructions Finance Andadministrative . Andhelp This is amazing Censorship in investigation Transparency andaccountability public, Andthe detection on transgressions anddeviations, Andguarantee Use Resources Public Efficiently . As well . Availability Censorship Foreign Affairs mechanism For evaluation Objective away on Effects Interior, what Enhances credibility performance Andmore trust the society In institutions Governmental (Al-Hashemi, 2019: 48). It is represented by Censorship Judicial in Censorship that Practice it authorities Judicial specialist To ensure commitment Institutions Public Andprivate By laws, Andprotection rights Parties all, Solution conflicts Related By contracts Andprojects. Include This is amazing Censorship look in Appeals on Contracts Administrative, Disputes Finance, andissues Related Corruption Financial or ill administration Projects . Andit is considered Censorship Judicial tool Basic To achieve justice andaccountability legal, so impose Commitment By law Challenge from transgressions Administrative (Al-Sharif, 2020: 71). Contribute Censorship Interior andForeign Affairs andthe judiciary In a way Integrated in Strengthening effectiveness performance Institutional Andguarantee quality to implement Projects Public . Censorship Interior It works on adjust performance Daily Andreduce Risks before Its occurrence, while Availability Censorship Foreign Affairs tracking Objectivity from authorities Independent, andcensorship Judicial It works on to treat Violations Legal after Its occurrence . This integration Guarantee investigation Transparency andaccountability, Andit enhances trust between Management andsociety, Andreduces from Waste andcorruption Financial Andthe administrative (Al- Attar, 2017: 54). Types Censorship per type from turn private in a guarantee success Projects Governmental Andachieve Its objectives Development . Supervision. Interior Includes Commitment By specifications Technical andtables Temporal, andcensorship Foreign Affairs verification Evaluation Objective For budgets Andspending, while Censorship Judicial Sponsor application the law Andprocessing any Violations or Disputes . Andleads Collection between This is amazing Controls to to lift efficiency Projects public, Rationalization Use Resources, Andguarantee investigation development sustainable according to Standards justice Andtransparency (Al-Najjar, 2021: 87). The requirement Second / Foundation Legal andinstitutional For supervision in Iraq: Legal andinstitutional For supervision in Iraq It is based on on laws andinstructions window, Andthe role Diwan Censorship Finance Andthe Authority Integrity . During this The requirement It will be Eat Two branches They are Texts Constitutional andlaws The organization For contracts Governmental in Iraq andits role Devices Supervisory (Diwan) Censorship Finance, body Integrity, Committees Parliament. American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 40 September - 2025 P a g e | 16 www.americanjournal.org Branch First : Texts Constitutional andlaws The organization For contracts Government in Iraq: The Constitution Iraqi 2005 Framework The highest that Organizes all Activities Governmental including In it Contracts public, so It states on principle Transparency Andresponsibility in administration the money year, Andconfirms on right citizens in Censorship on performance Governmental . As well. imposes The Constitution commitment authorities Executive andthe judiciary By standards Legal in conclusion Contracts Andimplementation Projects public, Andallows For citizens andsociety Civil Censorship Andaccountability . Thus, constitutes The Constitution basis Legal that Directs all laws Sub-branch Related By contracts Governmental andguarantees her commitment By principles Constitutional For transparency andaccountability (Hassan, 2012 : 35). It is considered law administration The state For finance Public andbudgets No. 6 of 2013 Most important laws that organize Contracts Governmental, so He specifies How to numbers Budgets public, andcensorship on spending, andprocedures Tenders Andtenders . Andit states the law on necessity commitment authorities Governmental With transparency in conclusion Contracts, Andfollow-up to implement Projects according to plans Approved andbudgets The rapporteur, including Guarantee Usage optimum For resources General . As well. He specifies the law procedures Auditing Andreview Finance To ensure safety Operations Finance Associated By contracts (Al-Zahrani, 2019: 72). Contracts Governmental form directions to implement No. (2) of 2014 reference the process Home To organize Contracts in Iraq, so Determine procedures Detailed To present Tenders, Andconclusion Contracts, Andfollow-up implementation, andstandards evaluation Performance . Andaims This is amazing Instructions to a guarantee justice between Contractors, andtransparency in to choose Contractors, Andcommitment By specifications Technical andtables Temporal . As well. Availability Instructions Mechanisms For supervision Interior andForeign Affairs on Contracts, including Enhances effectiveness to implement Projects Public Andreduces Risks Finance Andadministrative (Al-Najjar, 2020: 88). It is considered law Tenders andauctions No. 23 of 1997 laws Basic that organize practical contracting in Iraq, where puts Controls andprocedures Legal To present Offers, Evaluate it, Andconclusion Contracts Governmental . Andaims the law to investigation Competition fair, to forbid favoritism Andcorruption, Andguarantee to choose Most suitable from where Quality Andthe price . As well . Organizes the law role authorities Supervision in tracking to implement Contracts andprojects, what Contributes in to lift level Transparency Andthe questioning in sector The year (Al-Hamoud, 2017: 54). In addition to Texts Home, There is group from laws complementary andregulations Executive that organize Contracts Governmental, like Regulations Audit performance Financial, andlaws protection the money year, andinstructions Censorship Interior Andthe foreign . It works . This is amazing laws on Strengthening framework Legal Integrated For contracts, Andguarantee commitment authorities Governmental By laws, Andachieve Transparency andefficiency in to implement Projects Public . As well. Availability This is amazing Regulations Foundations For coordination between authorities Supervision Different to ensure Accountability Andprevent Transgressions (Al-Amiri, 2021: 63). American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 40 September - 2025 P a g e | 17 www.americanjournal.org Branch Second : Role Devices Supervisory ( Diwan) Censorship Finance, body Integrity, Committees Parliament: It is considered Diwan Censorship Finance One Most important Devices Supervision in Iraq, so He does With tasks Censorship on all authorities Governmental To ensure Her commitment By laws andregulations Finance Andadministrative . It includes: role The Diwan tracking to implement Budgets, review the accounts Final, Andcheck Contracts Governmental andprojects Public To make sure from Commitment By specifications Technical The table Temporal . As well. He does The Diwan Prepared by Reports patrol exposure on authorities Legislative To facilitate take Decisions Corrective, including Contributes in to lift level Transparency andefficiency Andreduce Waste Financial Andthe administrative (Visual, 2016 : 52 ). Combating Corruption Financial play body Integrity role pivotal in the administrative in Iraq, from during Detection on Violations Andthe investigation In it, andprosecution Officials violators, Andguarantee commitment authorities Governmental By standards Legal . As well. You do The Authority Prepared by studies andreports patrol around Cases Corruption, Andpresent Recommendations reformatory To limit from transgressions, Which Enhances Transparency Andstrengthens Accountability inside Institutions Public . Andit is considered body Integrity tool Effective To ensure integrity Contracts Governmental Andachieve justice in Enforcement Projects (Al- Zubaidi, 2019: 74). Committees Parliament Iraqi play like Committee Integrity The committee Finance, role Basically in tracking to implement Contracts andprojects Governmental, from during call Officials, discussion Budgets, Andreview Reports Devices Supervisory . Andaims This is amazing Committees to Verify from commitment authorities Executive With plans andbudgets, Andrevealed any Violations or transgressions Financial or Administrative, including Enhances Accountability Andit limits from ill Management . As well. Contribute This is amazing Censorship Legislative in to improve level performance The year For the authorities Governmental Andstrengthening trust the society It has (Ibrahim, 2019 : 92 ). Contributes cooperation andintegration between Diwan Censorship Finance, body Integrity, andcommittees Parliament in investigation Censorship Comprehensive Andeffective on Contracts Governmental andprojects Public . The Diwan He provides Censorship Finance andartistic, The Authority focus on Combating Corruption Andguarantee Integrity, while Parliament Applies Censorship Legislative andaccountability Public . Andit leads this integration to Strengthening Transparency, reduction Waste Financial Andadministrative, Andguarantee to implement Projects according to plans andstandards Approved, Which Contributes in to lift efficiency performance Governmental (Al-Amiri, 2021: 82). Devices Supervision play role pivotal in investigation development sustainable Andguarantee Usage optimum For resources public, so It works on tracking to implement Projects Governmental Andmake sure from quality performance andefficiency Spending . As well . Contribute This is amazing Devices in protection the money year, to forbid Corruption, Andalso help in providing Data minute For makers decision, including Enhances ability on Planning andimplementation Effective For projects Development Andservice . Andwith this The method, become Censorship tool Basic To achieve development Andimprove Services the introduction For citizens (Kareem, 2013 : 25). American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 40 September - 2025 P a g e | 18 www.americanjournal.org Part Second / Effect Censorship on effectiveness to implement Projects Public in Iraq Censorship on Contracts Governmental play role pivotal in Strengthening effectiveness to implement Projects Public in Iraq, so Includes commitment authorities The implementer By specifications artistic, andtables Temporal, andbudgets Dedicated . Andaffect. Censorship Legislative andexecutive andthe judiciary andindependent In a way direct on quality Achievement, Andreduce Waste Financial Andadministrative, Andthe detection early on transgressions Andviolations . During this section, two requirements will be addressed, namely the relationship between Censorship Quality to implement Projects andobstacles Censorship andits challenges in Iraq. The requirement First / Relationship between Censorship Quality to implement Projects: Censorship affect a way direct on quality to implement Projects, where Includes Commitment By specifications Technical andtables Temporal andbudgets, Challenge from Waste Andcorruption, Which Enhances efficiency Andeffectiveness Achievement . Andduring this The requirement It will be Eat Two branches They are role Censorship in limit from Corruption Administrative Financial andreflection Censorship on efficiency Achievement Quality Projects . Branch First : Role Censorship in limit from Corruption Administrative Financial: Censorship One of Most important Tools Preventive that You use it Institutions Governmental To combat Corruption Financial Andadministrative, so Allows Detection early on transgressions anddeviations before that It is getting worse . during Censorship Interior andforeign affairs, maybe tracking progress Operations Finance andadministrative, Andguarantee Commitment By laws Andinstructions . As well . Help Censorship Preventive on to improve performance Institutional from during situation Systems review patrol andevaluation Risks potential, what reduces from Opportunities to exploit Resources Public For purposes not Legal (Kareem, 2013 : 25). Censorship play role whatever in numbers Reports Periodical that Document Violations Finance andadministrative, Which exposure on authorities specialist to take procedures Corrective . This Reports Availability information minute on size Resources used Andthe extent Commitment With plans andbudgets, Andcontribute in to forbid transgressions, Andthe detection on Cases Corruption Financial Andadministrative, including Enhances Transparency andaccountability inside Institutions Government (Jaafar, 2021 : 104). Contribute Censorship Legislative andthe judiciary In a way direct in limit from Corruption, where Allows To Parliament For the authorities Judicial tracking performance authorities Executive Andverification from Commitment By laws Andinstructions . Supervision. Legislative from during Committees Parliament Enable from call Officials Andquestion them on transgressions, while Censorship Judicial Dealing with with Violations Legal It includes application Justice . Andleads this The role Supplementary to limit from escape from punishment Andreduce Opportunities Corruption (Al-Mubarak, 2020: 65). Contribute Censorship in limit from Corruption Financial from during tracking to implement Budgets andcontracts, Andguarantee non presence conflict interests, Andprevent exchange money In ways not Legal . Andit works. Devices Supervision like Diwan Censorship Finance Andthe Authority Integrity on review the accounts, Andmake sure from Commitment By standards Technical andfinance, what reduces from Waste Andit enhances efficiency Use Resources Public (Al-Mutawa, 2021: 83). American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 40 September - 2025 P a g e | 19 www.americanjournal.org Censorship Integrity Institutional strengthen from during to provide environment Supervisory transparent Andmotivating on Commitment By laws andpolicies, where becomes all employee responsible on His performance before Standards Specific . Andleads this to development culture Institutional existing on Accountability andaccounting, what reduces from spread Corruption Administrative andfinancial Andguarantees quality to implement Projects andservices public, Therefore Strengthening trust between the society andinstitutions Governmental (Al-Idrisi, 2008 : 16). Branch Second : Reflection Censorship on efficiency Achievement Quality Projects: It works Censorship Interior on to lift efficiency Achievement in Projects from during tracking performance Daily Andverification from commitment authorities The implementer With plans andtables Temporal . It is Allows measurement performance actual comparison With goals Specific, Andthe detection on any delay or exceed in Other costs andexpenses before that It is getting worse . Help Censorship Interior on to set citizen Palaces Andimprove Methods the job, Which Guarantee completion Projects according to Standards Quality Required Andit enhances Commitment By specifications Technical (Al-Obaidi, 2014 : 69). Censorship Foreign Affairs play role pivotal in to improve quality Projects Governmental from during evaluation performance Objective For the authorities The implementer Andreview Contracts Andbudgets . They are Availability side Independent Includes application Policies Finance andadministrative In a way correct, Andreduce from Risks Associated Badly Implementation or Waste Financial. Andleads this Intervention External to Strengthening quality Projects Andachieve results concrete Meet needs Citizens (Al-Amiri, 2019: 75). Contribute Censorship Judicial in a guarantee Commitment By laws andregulations, Andprocessing Violations that may affect on quality Projects . From during look in Appeals on Contracts anddisputes Related With projects, Availability Censorship Judicial protection Legal For projects It includes commitment authorities The implementer By specifications Technical andtables Temporal . Andleads that to Strengthening efficiency Implementation Andreduce transgressions that may Leads to deterioration quality Projects (Al-Hamoudi , 2020: 82). Contribute Censorship in to lift efficiency Use Resources Andguarantee Commitment With budgets The reporter per project, Which reduces from Waste Financial Andallows to implement Projects according to plans The subject . Censorship. on spending Andreview Continuous For contracts Enable authorities Executive from to treat problems immediately, what reflected In a way direct on quality Projects Andits effectiveness, Andmore from capacity Institutions on completion Business according to Standards Desired (Al-Hussaini, 2021: 68). Censorship efficiency Achievement Quality Projects strengthen from during more transparency Operations Andaccountability authorities The implementer before the society andmanagement Supreme . Andleads this to to improve culture the job inside Institutions, Andmotivation staff on Commitment By specifications andstandards Specific, what reflected Positively on level quality Projects andefficiency Implement it, Andmore from trust citizens In institutions Governmental Andits ability on presentation Services Effective (Al-Najjar, 2022: 90). The requirement Second / Obstacles Censorship andits challenges in Iraq: Facing Censorship in Iraq handicaps several Includes Bureaucracy, weakness Coordination Institutional, loss Competencies artistic, weakness will Politics, Andoverlap Specialties, Which limits American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 40 September - 2025 P a g e | 20 www.americanjournal.org from Its effectiveness in monitoring Contracts Andprojects . Andduring this The requirement It will be Eat Two branches They are Obstacles Legislative Administrative andobstacles The process corruption, weakness cadres, absence Technology. Branch First : Obstacles Legislative Administrative: Facing Censorship on Contracts Governmental in Iraq handicaps Legislative It is represented by in failure some laws Andnot Its comprehensiveness For all Aspects Finance andadministrative, Which Allows gaps Legal maybe that exploited from before some authorities or Individuals . Absence Texts clear Determine Responsibilities authorities Executive andoversight Leads to conflict in Specialties Anddelay procedures Supervisory, Andhe is what affects negatively on quality to implement Projects andefficiency Use Resources ( Al-Hamadi, 2018: 66.) It is considered Pluralism authorities Supervision Anddifference Its specializations from Highlights Obstacles Administrative, so Leads to repetition procedures Anddelay take Decisions . The existence of Diwan Censorship Finance, body Integrity, andcommittees Parliament, Don coordination effective, Leads sometimes to conflict Tasks, Andreduce effectiveness Censorship on Contracts andprojects public, Which limits from ability on a statement Violations Andaccounting Officials (Al-Amiri, 2019: 73). Represents weakness Coordination between authorities Executive andoversight obstacle Main before effectiveness Censorship, so Leads to Delay collection information, Anddifficulty tracking Contracts andprojects Field . As well. that procedures bureaucracy complex obstacle speed take Decisions Corrective, Which doubles Opportunities Waste Financial Andthe administrative Andit affects on quality Projects (Al-Hussaini, 2020: 61). It is considered loss Competencies Technical andadministrative in Devices Supervision andexecutive from Highlights Obstacles that hinder Censorship Effective. Absence Experience Technical in tracking Contracts, Andnot ability on evaluation Quality andspecifications Technical For projects, Leads to weakness Censorship on implementation, Andmore odds Delay or ill Quality, Andhe is what reflected negatively on efficiency Projects The public (Al-Zubaidi, 2021: 79). Legislation andregulations including Compatible form non to update with Variables Economic andadministrative Modern obstacle additionally before Censorship Effective . Legislation old no Compatible with Methods Management Modern andsystems Censorship digital, Which limits from capacity Devices Supervision on tracking Contracts andprojects efficiently, Andit affects on effectiveness Implementation Quality Projects Public (Al-Najjar, 2022: 88). Branch Second : Obstacles The process corruption, weakness cadres, absence Technology: It is considered Corruption Financial Andthe administrative from Highlights Obstacles The process that Facing Censorship on Contracts Governmental andprojects Public in Iraq, so Leads to ill Use Resources public, Andconvert money to interests a personality, Anddelay completion Projects . Andaffects. Corruption In a way direct on quality Projects andefficiency implementation, as reduces from trust between citizens andinstitutions Governmental . gravity Corruption in that it weakens Mechanisms Censorship Andit limits from Her ability on a statement transgressions Andapplication procedures Corrective Effectively (Al-Hamoudi , 2018: 64). Represents loss Experiences andcompetencies Technical andadministrative obstacle Main before Censorship effective on Contracts Andprojects . Absence cadres The trainer limits from capacity American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 40 September - 2025 P a g e | 21 www.americanjournal.org Institutions on tracking to implement Projects, evaluation quality the job, Andthe detection on deviations on plans Andbudgets . As well. Leads weakness cadres to Delay take Decisions Corrective Andreduce effectiveness Censorship in to forbid Waste Financial Andthe administrative (Mostly , 2012 : 77). Use Technology Digital constitutes absence andsystems Information Advanced in Operations Censorship One of Obstacles The process Basic . Reliance on Methods traditional in collection Data Andfollow-up Contracts limits from speed Auditing Andreview, Andit effects on accuracy Information Available For makers' The decision . Andit leads. This is amazing Obstacles Technology to difficulty Monitoring Violations Finance andadministrative in the time appropriate, Which reduces from effectiveness Censorship Andmore from probability Waste (Mohammadi, 2016 : 66 ). It is considered weakness Coordination between authorities Executive anddevices Supervision worker practically last hinders Censorship, so Leads to difficulty exchange Information anddocuments, Anddelay Auditing Andreview on Projects . This weakness He increases from Opportunities transgressions Finance andadministrative, Andmakes Censorship less effectiveness in investigation Commitment By specifications andstandards, Andit effects on quality Projects Public Its effectiveness andefficiency in achieving the desired goals (Abdul Rahman, 2021: 81). Leads Obstacles The process, like Corruption, weakness cadres, Absence Technology, to to retreat efficiency Achievement Quality Projects Public . It is hinder Censorship effective Challenge from capacity Institutions on Commitment With plans andtables Temporal, Andit increases from odds Waste Financial Andadministrative . As a result Therefore, Affected trust Public In institutions Government departments andunits Andit becomes investigation development sustainable more difficulty, Which Highlights need to development Mechanisms Censorship Andprocessing This is amazing Obstacles In a way Radical (Al-Salami, 2022: 92). Conclusion : It appears results this Search that Censorship on Contracts Governmental in Iraq play role pivotal in a guarantee effectiveness to implement Projects public, Andachieve Transparency, The limit from Waste Financial Andadministrative . Show that presence Mechanisms Supervisory Multiple, Includes Censorship Interior andForeign Affairs andjudicial, Enhances from efficiency performance Institutional Andcontributes in to improve quality Projects Executed . Except that Search pointed out to presence handicaps Legislative Andadministrative Andthe process, like failure some laws, weakness Coordination Institutional, loss cadres, absence Technology, Andspread Corruption, Which challenge from effectiveness Censorship Andit affects on quality Achievement . Based on on that, becomes from essential development framework Legislative, Strengthening Competencies Technical andadministrative, Andupdate Systems Technology For control, Please on coordination efforts Devices Supervision Different . This procedures will contribute in Strengthening Transparency, investigation Accountability, to lift efficiency Projects public, Andguarantee Usage optimum For resources including Serves development sustainable in Iraq . First: Results : 1. Show Search that Censorship Interior Contribute In a way effective in tracking performance Daily For projects Governmental, Andthe detection early on any deviations on plans American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 40 September - 2025 P a g e | 22 www.americanjournal.org andstandards, Which raises from efficiency Implementation Andit limits from Waste Financial Andadministrative . 2. Bent Results that Censorship Foreign Affairs play role pivotal in investigation Transparency andaccountability public, from during evaluation performance Financial Andthe administrative For the authorities Executive, Andguarantee Commitment By laws Andinstructions . 3. The pointed out Search to that Censorship Judicial Availability Guarantee Legally For rights all Parties concerned With contracts, Andit works on to treat Violations Legal andconflicts that may effect on quality Projects . 4. Show that presence Mechanisms Supervisory Integrated between Devices Various (Diwan, body Integrity, Parliament) enhances effectiveness Censorship Andguarantees commitment authorities The implementer By standards Specific . 5. Research Show that Corruption Financial Andthe administrative Represents Highlights Obstacles The process before effectiveness Censorship, Andit affects In a way direct on quality to implement Projects andefficiency Use Resources . 6. Research that weakness between cadres Technical andadministrative reduces from capacity Devices Supervision on evaluation Projects Andfollow-up Implementation Effectively, Which reflected negatively on efficiency Projects. 7. He pointed out Search to that absence Technology Modern in Operations Censorship limits from speed collection Information Andanalyze it, Andit effects on ability on a statement deviations Andits treatment in the time appropriate 8. Show that failure some Legislation Andnot Inclusiveness For all Aspects Finance andadministrative Opens field To conflict Specialties Anddelay procedures Supervisory, Which hinders effectiveness Censorship Andit weakens quality Projects . 9. Research between that coordination efforts between Devices Supervision Different It is considered worker Basically To enhance Transparency Andimprove performance Institutional, where Contributes integration between Censorship Interior andForeign Affairs andthe judiciary in reduction waste andimprove quality Implementation . 10. Research show that Strengthening Censorship Contributes in to lift trust the society In institutions Governmental Andachieve development sustainable, so Includes Censorship effective Commitment With plans, Use Resources efficiently, Andimprove quality Projects andservices the introduction For citizens . Second: Recommendations : 1. Recommends Search By reviewing Andupdate laws andinstructions Related By contracts Governmental, To ensure Inclusiveness all Aspects Finance andadministrative Andreduce any gaps Legal maybe that It is exploited . It includes: that situation Texts clear Determine Responsibilities andtasks, To avoid conflict Specialties Andspeed up procedures Supervisory . 2. Devices Supervision Interior necessity strengthening in Institutions Governmental, from during to improve Systems Review Periodical, Anddevelopment tools evaluation performance, Andput Standards minute To follow Projects . This Enhances ability on a statement deviations Finance andadministrative in time early Andtake procedures Corrective occasion Don Delay 3. Recommend the study By activating role Diwan Censorship Finance andbodies Independent To ensure evaluation objective Andcontinuing For performance Financial Andadministrative, American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 40 September - 2025 P a g e | 23 www.americanjournal.org Andreview Contracts andprojects In a way periodic, including Guarantee Commitment With plans andbudgets Specific Andreduces from Opportunities Waste Andbad Management 4. Devices Judicial confirmation on necessity to support specialist to look at in Violations Finance andadministrative andcontracts The disputant On it, including He provides protection Legal For rights Andguarantees accounting violators, Andit enhances Commitment By laws Andit limits from Excesses . 5. Strategies clear to necessity application combat Corruption, Includes Investigation immediate in Violations, Strengthening Accountability, Andtightening Penalties on violators, to side construction Mechanisms For transparency andcensorship community, To ensure integrity to implement Contracts Andprojects . 6. The focus on training anddevelopment cadres Technical andadministrative in Devices Supervision andexecutive, To enhance Their ability on evaluation Projects Andfollow-up Implementation efficiently High, In addition to development Skills Technology andadministrative To keep up Methods Censorship Modern 7. Recommend the study I adopt Systems Information Supervision andtechnologies Modern To follow Contracts andprojects, Which Contributes in speed collection Data Andanalyze it, Andimprove quality Censorship on performance Financial Andadministrative, Andprovide a base Data minute to take Decisions . 8. Mechanisms official for importance construction coordination between Diwan Censorship Finance, body Integrity, andcommittees Parliament, To ensure exchange Information Andintegration efforts Supervisory, Andunification procedures Andreduce Interference, including Enhances effectiveness Censorship Andguarantees quality Implementation . 9. Civil encourage sharing the society andmeans Media in tracking Projects Governmental, Andprovide channels For monitoring andnotes, To enhance Censorship community, Andmore Transparency, Andmotivation authorities Executive on Commitment by standards Specific . 10. Mechanisms to necessity situation evaluate performance The year For projects andcontracts In a way periodic, Includes review Achievements andquality Andcommitment With plans andbudgets, To determine citizen Improvement Andtake procedures Corrective necessary, including Guarantee continuity development performance Andachieve Objectives Institutional Efficiently. References: 1. 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Al-Amiri, Ali, 2021, The Legal andRegulatory Framework for Government Contracts in Iraq , First Edition, Beirut, Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi . 8. Al-Attar, Jamal, 2017, Integration between Types of Control in Public Institutions , First Edition, Beirut, Arab Universities Publications . 9. Al-Basri, Fouad, 2016, The Role of the Financial Supervision Bureau in Promoting Transparency andEfficiency , First Edition, Baghdad, Al-Jundi Publishing House . 10. Al-Ghalbi , Hussein, 2012, Technical Competencies andTheir Importance in Supervising Public Projects , First Edition, Baghdad, Dar Al-Nahda Al-Ilmiyyah . 11. Al-Hamadi, Youssef, 2018, Legislative Obstacles to Supervising Government Contracts , First Edition, Cairo, Dar Al-Ilm Publishing House . 12. Al-Hamadi, Youssef, 2021, Performance Evaluation andAccountability in Public Institutions , First Edition, Cairo, Dar Al-Ilm Publishing House . 13. Al-Hamoud, Sami, 2017, Iraqi Tenders andAuctions Law: A Comparative Study , First Edition, Baghdad, Al-Mada House . 14. Al-Hamoudi, Ahmed, 2020, Judicial Oversight andQuality of Project Implementation , First Edition, Baghdad, Al-Jundi Publishing House . 15. Al-Hashemi, Saleh, 2019, External Oversight andIts Impact on Enhancing Transparency , First Edition, Baghdad, Dar Al-Thaqafa Publishing House . 16. Al-Hassan, Abdul Karim, 2012, The Iraqi Constitution andthe Foundations of Control over Public Funds , First Edition, Baghdad, Dar Al-Fikr Al-Hadith . 17. Al-Hussaini, Muhammad, 2019, Transparency andAccountability in Public Administration , First Edition, Baghdad, Dar Al-Kotob Al-Ilmiyah . 18. Al-Hussaini, Muhammad, 2021, Raising the Efficiency of Government Projects through Oversight , First Edition, Amman, Arab Culture House . 19. Al-Idrisi, Tariq, 2008, Enhancing Institutional Integrity through Oversight , First Edition, Baghdad, Dar Al-Ilm . 20. Al-Mayah , Abdullah, 2015, Preventive Control andIts Impact on Institutional Performance , First Edition, Baghdad, Dar Al-Nahda Al-Ilmiyyah . 21. Al-Muhammadi, Sami, 2016, Information Technology andits Role in Strengthening Control , First Edition, Amman, Dar Al-Fikr Al-Jami’i . 22. Al-Muqdad, Fouad, 2018, Internal Control in Government andPrivate Institutions , Second Edition, Amman, Dar Al-Nahda Al-Arabiya. 23. Al-Mutawa, Sami, 2021, Oversight of Government Budgets andContracts , First Edition, Cairo, Law Library for Publishing . 24. Al-Najjar, Tariq, 2020, Instructions for Implementing Government Contracts in Iraq , First Edition, Baghdad, University Publishing House . 25. Al-Najjar, Tariq, 2021, Raising the Efficiency of Government Projects Through Integrated Control , Second Edition, Amman, Dar Al-Rashad Publishing House . 26. Al-Najjar, Tariq, 2022, Institutional Control andthe Efficiency of Public Project Completion , First Edition, Baghdad, Al-Rashad Publishing House . 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