American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences ISSN (E): 2832-8019 Volume 41, | October - 2025 P a g e | 13 www.americanjournal.org INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT TENDENCIES IN OUR COUNTRY BASED ON WORLD EXPERIENCE Khujamberdiyev T. Silk y'oli University of Innovations, " Economics and Senior Teacher of the Department" Exact Sciences " tulkinxujamberdiyev@gmail.com Pardaeva B. U. Silk y'oli University of Innovations, " Economics and Senior Teacher of the Department" Exact Sciences " Davranova G. N. Silk y'oli University of innovations, "Economics and Senior Teacher of the Department" A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S In Uzbekistan, many types of activities are involved in conducting research on the theories, formation and opportunities of innovative development in ensuring the growth of the national economy. This article presents a number of practical examples of developed countries forming their national innovation systems and taking high places in the global innovation index. Global innovation index, innovative development, national innovation system, economic system, new technologies. Introduction Uzbekistan, along with 193 countries, is fully fulfilling its obligations in implementing the UN's "2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development." In order to organize systematic work on the consistent implementation of this "agenda", the Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan adopted the Resolutions "On Measures to Implement National Goals and Objectives in the Field of Sustainable Development by 2030" (20.10.2018) and "On Additional Measures to Accelerate the Implementation of National Goals and Objectives in the Field of Sustainable Development by 2030" (21.02.2022)1. Nowadays, the changes taking place in the modernization of the economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the acceleration of globalization and integration processes, the intensification of international competition, the occurrence of continuous and significant qualitative changes in 1 Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 83 dated 21.02.2022 on additional measures to accelerate the implementation of national goals and objectives in the field of sustainable development for the period up to 2030 American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 41 October - 2025 P a g e | 14 www.americanjournal.org technologies, structural changes in sales markets and consumer demands require each business entity to create competitive products, drastically reduce costs in the production process, and make optimal decisions in management, taking into account market requirements. Given the growing uncertainties in political and economic development, various risks and threats in the global community, the task of implementing the National Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is becoming especially urgent. In this regard, there is a growing need to align the strategies, concepts, target programs and roadmaps developed and implemented for the development of the country, its sectors and regions with the MDGs, conduct a deep systematic analysis of the achieved results, identify existing problems and determine the next steps to achieve national goals and objectives of sustainable development2. The primary task of developing the economy of Uzbekistan at sustainable rates is to structurally modernize the country's economy, support and stimulate innovative activity, and form an innovative economy. By the 21st century, scientific and technological development has become a decisive economic factor in socio-economic development compared to other factors of production. Scientific and technological development, developing through various elements of scientific and technical potential, primarily through science and education, provides countries with the main competitive advantage in the world economy. LITERATURE ANALYSIS The methods used in this analysis are based on the well-known dialectical approach to research on economic phenomena, that is, general methods (analysis and synthesis using abstraction and generalization methods are used to study the current situation and form conclusions; inductive forecasting - to form development prospects) and special methods. economic and statistical methods (analysis of dynamic series to identify existing trends and the dynamics of their change, indices to compare the values of relevant indicators, comparison to identify trends)3 . The creation of innovations, in turn, is directly related to the conditions created for conducting research. Although this issue has been little studied in the conditions of Uzbekistan, the conclusions of some studies can be traced. For example, Uzbek scientists Academician S. Gulyamov, Professors N. Zhumaev and D. Rakhmonov study the trends in budget financing of scientific research. They note that the number of quotas allocated for fundamental, applied and young scientists for scientific research has not changed, but the volume of budget funds has increased. Accordingly, it is established that in 2012- 2016, despite the increase in the volume of funds, the number of scientific research has remained unchanged. At the same time, despite the neoclassical emphasis on the high importance of technological progress (Porter, 2006; Barras, 1986), S. A. Zaichenko believes that technological innovations in the service sector are "more instrumental in nature" (information support of business processes) (Zaichenko, 2007). E. O. Pokhomchikova and E. G. Tarkhanova share this point of view, noting that "the main feature of innovations is customer orientation."4 2 STUDYING FOREIGN EXPERIENCE IN DEVELOPING ENTERPRISES BASED ON INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES Education and Innovative Research (Special Issue 2021) pp. 294-298 3 Ismoilov A.A., Ishnazarov A.I. Mathematical methods of economic analysis and forecasting. –T. TDIU, 2007. -250 p 4“TRANSFORMATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY”. Collection of scientific articles and abstracts of the Republican Scientific and Practical Conference (November 18, 2022). – Tashkent: “Imzo Print Media Group”, 2022. – 368 p. American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 41 October - 2025 P a g e | 15 www.americanjournal.org At the second stage of the introduction of innovative development in our country, B. Abdullaev, Sh. Sindarov and others studied some aspects of innovation in their dissertations. In particular, B. Abdullaev, in his dissertation for the degree of candidate of scientific knowledge, studied the issues of improving the management of innovative activities in the conditions of a market economy, and Sh. Sindarov, in his research work for the degree of candidate of scientific knowledge, studied ways to increase the effectiveness and improve the economic mechanism for using innovative processes in entrepreneurial activity in the conditions of the global financial and economic crisis and the modernization of the national economy. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Methods such as logical thinking, comparative analysis, dynamic learning were used in the research. ANALYSIS AND RESULTS According to world experience, innovation policy is an integral part of regulating the economy. At the same time, it is not a simple continuation of scientific or industrial policy, but reflects interrelated measures in all areas of the economy. Therefore, the development of innovation policy cannot be tied to a single program or serve as the prerogative of one institution, but requires consensus-building and coordination not only between ministries, but also between various partners in the economy and society. At the current stage of development, innovation processes are being integrated into all sectors of the economy5. Therefore, almost all modern countries are making efforts to create and maintain dynamic innovation ecosystems necessary to achieve global goals of socio-economic development. In this regard, the study of international practice of assessing the innovative development of the world economy based on the use of the index method is one of the most priority areas of scientific research. Global Innovation Index-2022. The latest edition monitors the performance indicators of the innovation systems of the economy. In addition, the global GII-2022 includes 81 indicators grouped into seven large blocks (Table 1). Table 1 - Structure of the Global Innovation Index Institutes Human Capital and Research Development of technologies and knowledge economy Development of creative activity Political situation Availability of education Creating knowledge Intangible assets Legal base Higher education The effect of knowledge Creativity of goods and services Business environment NIOKR Dissemination of knowledge Online creativity Business development Development of the domestic market Knowledgeof employees Credits Innovative connections Investment Acquired knowledge Trade and competition Infrastructure Environmentally sustainable The infrastructure that unites the act The structure of the Global Innovation Index presented above determines the need to analyze the largest macro-regions in the world that will become global leaders in innovation in 2022 5 J. Mirzaev, E.Sh. Shavtsiev, B.K. Janzakov. Innovative economy. (Ukuv kullanma - T.: "Innovative Development Publishing House", 2020.-298 pages American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 41 October - 2025 P a g e | 16 www.americanjournal.org Table 2 - Structure of the Global Innovation Index Name of the macroregion Leading regions Position in the GII- 2022 Position of Latin America and the Caribbean in the GII- 2022 Chile 50 Brazil 54 Mexico 58 Africa South Africa 61 Botswana 86 Kenya 88 North Africa and West Asia Israel 16 UAE 31 Turkey 37 Southeast Asia, East Asia, Oceania Republic of Korea 6 Singapore 7 China 11 North America USA 2 Canada 15 Europe Switzerland 1 Sweden 3 Great Britain 4 Central and South Asia Iran (Islamic Republic) India 40 Iran (Islamic Republic) 53 Uzbekistan 82 Analyzing the ranking values of the above-mentioned global leading regions, we can draw the following conclusions: - Switzerland once again remains the world leader in high-tech manufacturing, software spending and patents. In addition, Europe has the largest number of countries, namely 15, which in turn are among the top 25 innovation systems in the world. - The United States leads the GII-15 in terms of innovation indicators in 2022, focusing on the volume and quality of R&D investments. - There are 7 countries in Southeast and East Asia and Oceania, which are among the top 10 and TOP 25 major global innovators, respectively. In addition, Singapore, China and New Zealand significantly improved their indicators in 2022. -India is a leader in Central and South Asia, taking the lead in the export of services, the volume of venture capital inflows, the financing and expansion of startups, as well as the number of graduates in the field of science and technology, increasing labor productivity and diversifying domestic industries. -The UAE is confidently approaching the TOP 30 of the world's largest innovators and is among the top five in the number of scientists engaged in scientific research in business, as well as in the number of scientific research funded by non-governmental business entities. And Turkey, becoming a member of the TOP 40, ranks fourth in the world in the number of intangible assets, demonstrating competitive advantages in the production of new industrial designs, trademark registrations and the intensity of use of corporate intangible assets. American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 41 October - 2025 P a g e | 17 www.americanjournal.org -Chile is the only country in the Latin American region to be included in the top 50, leading in indicators such as the number of students in higher education institutions and the opening of new businesses. It is worth noting that 18 other countries in the region have significantly improved their ranking positions. - South Africa leads in market capitalization, while Botswana also shows very good results in indicators such as access to loans from microfinance institutions and payments for intellectual property. Namibia also leads the world in education spending and significantly exceeds the regional average in human capital and research. - Kenya has continued to lead sub-Saharan Africa for 12 years. Burundi is back on the GIIGA list, and Mauritania is included in the ranking for the first time. Summarizing all of the above, we can conclude that the gap in the development of the GII countries, the "North" and "South", is explained by their own characteristics. However, it should be noted that today the spread of innovations is much wider and more horizontal, affecting the activities of business structures and social aspects in developing countries as well.6 Analyzing the position of Uzbekistan in the GII-2024, it is worth noting that it took 132nd place among the analyzed countries, taking its place among the 81 most innovative countries. Table 3-Position of Uzbekistan in GII-2024 Years 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 Global Innovation Index 86 82 82 83 81 Innovation resources 80 79 79 79 78 Innovation results 56 59 58 52 50 The number of analyzed countries is 126 129 131 132 132 Taking into account the increase in the number of countries analyzed, as well as adjustments to the methodology for assessing a number of indicators, Uzbekistan's position has remained relatively stable over the past five years. It is also worth noting that, in conditions of geoeconomic instability, Uzbekistan was able to maintain its position in most components of the innovation index and demonstrate positive dynamics compared to the end of 2024 (Table 3) Table 4. Dynamics of Uzbekistan's positions in the GII-2024: Year GII position Innovative resource Innovative result 2020 93 81 118 2021 86 75 100 2022 82 68 91 2023 82 72 88 2024 82 71 91 Thus, the most noticeable positive trends were observed in indicators characterizing the development of the domestic market and the development of creative activity. The indicator related to the development of human capital and science also strengthened its position. 6 6 ЖАҲОН МАМЛАКАТЛАРИНИНГ ИННОВАЦИОН РИВОЖЛАНИШ ТЕНДЕНЦИЯЛАРИ ЖАҲОН ИҚТИСОДИЁТИ / МИРОВАЯ ЭКОНОМИКА ИҚТИСОД ВА МОЛИЯ / ЭКОНОМИКА И ФИНАНСЫ 2018, 11(119) 1-9 б. American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 41 October - 2025 P a g e | 18 www.americanjournal.org It should be noted that all of the listed components include small components that can be associated with the competitive advantages of the innovation system of Uzbekistan: the specific characteristics of trade that affect the scale of the market and the diversification of the production process; The number of school graduates who have completed higher education. The number of graduates who have completed technical training is also taken into account. The level of employment in the field of science and technology. In this case, the number of female employees with a scientific degree is also taken into account.; The amount of knowledge acquired and the level of income from the sale of intellectual property; The pace of development of information and communication technologies (ICT). However, the above analysis showed that there is a negative trend in two equally important components, namely "institutional conditions" and "the effectiveness of scientific, technical and innovative activities." In addition, the following indicators significantly worsen the position in this rating: The legislative framework regulating innovative activities in Uzbekistan is underdeveloped; The lack of a clear policy in the field of cooperation between science and entrepreneurship, as well as the state of the business environment; the amount of funds for basic scientific research; CONCLUSION Along with creating a legal basis for the development of an innovative economy in the economy of our country, it also provided an opportunity to carry out a number of practical works in this regard. In particular, the resolution established the following mechanisms for the development and implementation of innovative projects. 1. The Republican Fair of Innovative Ideas, Technologies and Projects will be held annually. To date, the following companies have been holding innovation fairs: Uzbekneftegaz, Uzkimyosanoat, Uzpharmsanoat, Uzbekenergo, Uzbekugol, Navoi TMC, Almalyk TMC, Uzbekistan Airways, institutions of the higher education and secondary specialized education system, and other large concerns. 2. Identifying the necessary financial sources to ensure the widespread implementation of applied scientific developments and innovative technologies in production, and coordinating the formation and use of funds. 3. Studying international and domestic developments of modern equipment and technologies, and on this basis, forming annual and medium-term programs for the introduction of modern technologies into production. 4. Forming a set of orders for local applied scientific research and development, as well as their placement. 5. Applying the results of applied scientific research and development to the practice of enterprise activities. In conclusion, in Uzbekistan, practice is much more advanced than the theoretical foundations of innovative development, and when introducing innovative development in our country, it is necessary to take into account its specific features and fully use the existing opportunities. American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 41 October - 2025 P a g e | 19 www.americanjournal.org References 1. Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 83 dated 21.02.2022 on additional measures to accelerate the implementation of national goals and objectives in the field of sustainable development for the period up to 2030 2. STUDY OF FOREIGN EXPERIENCE OF DEVELOPMENT OF ENTERPRISES BASED ON INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES Education and Innovation Research (Special Issue 2021) pp. 294- 298 3. Ismoilov A.A., Ishnazarov A.I. Mathematical methods of economic analysis and forecasting. –T.: TDIU, 2007. -250 p 4. “TRANSFORMATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY”. Collection of scientific articles and abstracts of the Republican Scientific and Practical Conference (November 18, 2022). – Tashkent: “Imzo Print Media Group”, 2022. – 368 p. 5. J. Mirzaev, E.Sh. Shavtsiev, B.K. Zhanzakov. Innovative Economics. (Textbook - T.: “Innovative Development Publishing House”, 2020.-298 p. 6. INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT TRENDS OF WORLD COUNTRIES WORLD ECONOMY / WORLD ECONOMY ECONOMY AND FINANCE / ECONOMICS AND FINANCE 2018, 11(119) p. 1-9