American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences ISSN (E): 2832-8019 Volume 42, | November - 2025 P a g e | 1 www.americanjournal.org IMPROVING THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR EMERGENCY SITUATIONS IS A PRESSING ISSUE OF THE TIME A. Norboyev Nizomiy nomidagi O‘MPU, Tarix fanlari bo‘yicha falsafa doktori (PhD) A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S This article is devoted to the legal and regulatory documents adopted in our country to protect the population and territories from emergency situations, their socio-historical significance, and their role in the sustainable development of society. Social development, natural phenomena, emergencies, protection, legal framework, international treaties, international law, man-made, natural, accidents and disasters. Introduction Since the second half of the last century, the Prevention of emergency situations of a different nature began to manifest itself as the most important problem on a global scale, and it has become a vital necessity. This problem was seen as the work of each state before themince the second half of the last century, the Prevention of emergency situations of a different nature began to manifest itself as the most important problem on a global scale, and it has become a vital necessity. This problem was seen as the work of each state before them. Because from the second half of the 20th century, the global visibility of emergency situations, that is, these problems began to directly concern the world's population, as well as the growth of accidents and disasters in technocracy, the increase in natural disasters, the direct increase in anthropogenic impact on the environment. It began to be important to reduce the number of cases, to prevent the looting caused by them, and to organize the work carried out on a legal basis in order to reliably protect the population. For this reason, in the late last century, norms of national and international law were created in this regard, and they are constantly being improved. In particular, during the years of independence, the legal framework for emergency protection in our Republic was created based on international law. The development of national legislation in this area can rightly be divided into two historical stages. Because, the period of work carried out in the early years of independence and on the basis of decrees, decisions of the president of Uzbekistan, decisions of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan and other legal regulatory acts in the effective organization of the activities of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Republic of Uzbekistan, as well as the period of American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 42 November - 2025 P a g e | 2 www.americanjournal.org As noted above, many laws of different content were adopted in order to regulate social relations in the field of emergency situations. In particular, over the years 1991-2010, more than 27 laws related to the field of Ecology and more than 100 sub-legislative acts were adopted in our country . In this regard, it is worth noting that the increase in emergencies of a transboundary nature in the following years and the fact that they cause significant losses also caused an increase in the legal powers of the agencies established in this direction. In particular, the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Republic of Uzbekistan within its competence to prepare projects of international treaties, carry out foreign economic cooperation in the field of mutual awareness and assistance in emergency situations, as well as: “according to the decision of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan to work in the central bodies and regional units of international organizations and, representatives in accordance with the terms agreed with these organizations.rrepresentatives in accordance with the term. In particular, the implementation and regulation of emergency work is reflected in the decisions of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan, including the decree of the Cabinet of Ministers No. 427 of October 7, 1998 "on the procedure for preparing the population of the Republic of Uzbekistan for emergency protection", and in 2000 in the laws "on Civil Protection" of the country and "on Legal and regulatory documents on the protection of the population and territories from emergency situations were constantly improved. In particular, the law” on the protection of residents and territories from emergencies of a natural and man-made nature " was re- adopted by 2022. In the following years, some amendments to this law indicate that legislation in this area is constantly being improved. As you know, any natural phenomenon cannot be called an emergency. For this reason, the correct interpretation of natural phenomena and other disasters occurring and their adaptation to international norms serve to improve the effectiveness of the work carried out in this regard. For this reason, the decision of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan “on the classification of emergencies of a technogenic, natural and environmental nature”dated October 27, 1998, No. 455, which gives classification to emergencies, also plays an important role in specifying the factors that cause them to occur. Also, emergencies of each tone were classified into groups as well as views. At the same time, the decision also determined the economic damage caused by emergency situations, as well as the extent of their impact on the life activities of people. This scope was divided into 4 categories: local, local, Republican and cross-border emergencies . We can see in another legal document that during the first decade of independence, ensuring the security of our country in terms of emergencies, protecting the life of the population has become one of the priorities of state policy. This is the decision of the Cabinet of Ministers on December 23, 1997 “on the State System of prevention and action in Emergency Situations of the Republic of Uzbekistan”. In other words, this decision became an important legal basis for the formation of the state system for preventing and responding to emergencies in the country (FVDT). The experience gained as a result of the work carried out in the country on the Prevention of emergency situations, the protection of population and national economy objects, as well as the resolution of many existing issues in this regard, has shown that it is necessary to develop legislation specific to this area. This was caused by a number of factors, such as the lack of knowledge about the causes, consequences of emergencies and their elimination, as well as the low level of training of the population to act correctly when they occur, the shallow knowledge of the heads of enterprises and organizations in this regard, a lack of attention to the issue, lack of American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 42 November - 2025 P a g e | 3 www.americanjournal.org A number of laws relating to the industry: “on the protection of atmospheric air”(1997). number of laws relating to the industry: “on the protection of atmospheric air”(1997).),”On road safety", as well as”on the Prevention of human immunodeficiency virus disease (HIV disease)“, in the same year again”on the protection of populations and territories from emergenA number of laws relating to the industry: “on the protection of atmospheric air”(1997).),”On road safety", as well as”on the Prevention of human immunodeficiency virus disease (HIV disease)“, in the same year again”on the protection of populations and territories from emergencies of natural and man-made Nature“,”on the safety of hydroelectric facilities " (1999.), “On Environmental Expertise”, “On Radiation Safety”, and “On the Protection of Agricultural Plants from Pests, on the protection of diseases and weeds”, “on the fight against terrorism”, “on Civil Protection”(2000.) adoption began to serve as an important legal framework in regulating social relations in emergencies. In other words, over the years 1997-2000, more than 10 Laws of the Republic of Uzbekistan have been adopted on emergency situations. It can be seen that many laws in the same area passed after 2000 are more specialized, being classified into types for the Prevention of emergency situations. For example, a number of laws, such as” on the industrial safety of hazardous production facilities “in 2006,” on fire safety “in 2009,” on technical regulation", can be said to be aimed at further improving the practical work carried out in this regard and preventing risks in networks, while serving as a legal basis in social relations in it. In the experience of the world, the first aid to a person affected by any disaster or catastrophe is proven by his loved ones, those around him, as well as people at work and place of residence. Qualified professional assistance may then be provided. Therefore, the role in this issue is played by the law adopted in our republic “on the protection of the population and territories from natural and man-made emergency situations”. In it, the ministries and departments “ensure that the enterprises, organizations and institutions under their control are becoming something to act in the conditions of emergency situations”, “submit an action plan, rules of regulations to the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Republic of Uzbekistan for agreement”, “.IIn it, the ministries and departments “ensure that the enterprises, organizations and institutions under their control are becoming something to act in the conditions of emergency situations”, “submit an action plan, rules of regulations to the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Republic of Uzbekistan for agreement”, “...train their employees in emergency protection and response methods within non-military structures, maintain information systems in a state of readiness and provide information, and create reserves of material and financial resources, in accordance with emergency work plans, it is established that they organize accident- rescue work and other non-postponement work at the facilities under their jurisdiction, ensure their financing and transfer, and their duty and rights in protection against other emergencies. It is known how important a vital factor is water for the economy of our country and the well-being of our people. On the other hand, water-related disasters can also cause many wrecks as well as losses. For this reason, the safe use of water, along with the rational and fair use of water, also plays an important role. how important a vital factor is water for the economy of our country and the well-being of our people. On the other hand, water-related disasters can also cause many wrecks as well as losses. For this reason, the safe use of water, along with the rational and fair use of water, also plays an important role. For these purposes, over 15 laws and regulations have been adopted in the years of independence of our country, that is, until 2020, on hydraulic structures and ensuring their safety. On the second hand, 13 ministries, departments and committees in the Republic carry out public administration in order to American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 42 November - 2025 P a g e | 4 www.americanjournal.org manage water in our country, that is, to use water wisely, to prevent the risks associated with it or to reduce the potential damage to the population and territories when they occur, regulation of these relations in management is also a reason to develop In the following years, a number of adopted legal and regulatory acts on the sphere began to serve as a kind of basis for further improvement of the work carried out in the protection of the population and territories from emergency situations, as well as ensuring the implementation of work that is not being carried out in this regard. In particular, the activities of the FVDT were revised in order to further improve the measures for the protection of residents and territories from emergency situations of a different nature. To this end, the president of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh.The main tasks of the Ministry of emergency situations were further improved by the decree of Mirziyoev of June 1, 2017 “on measures to radically increase the effectiveness of the system for the prevention and elimination of emergency situations.” The decree raised a number of problems that had accumulated in the FVDT over the past years, and outlined directions for their solution. In particular, these problems include timely notification of all segments of the population when there is a risk of emergency situations, improvement of the structures of the Ministry of emergency situations, the forecasting system in emergency situations, as well as territorial separation (zoning)of the regions of the Republic by sources of seismic risks, man-made accidents and disasters; special attention is paid to them, since the resolution of many issues, such as improving the material and technical support of the ministry, is associated with the widespread implementation of Information Communication Technologies. Necessary measures have been developed to solve these problems specified in the decree, and their immediate implementation is established. For this purpose, together with the structural structures of the Hydrometeorological Service Center under the VM of ozr; state inspection to control the technical condition of large and separately important water management facilities under the VM of ozr, as well as the unobtrusive operation of the VM of Ozrfa.For this purpose, together with the structural structures of the Hydrometeorological Service Center under the VM of ozr; state inspection to control the technical condition of large and separately important water management facilities under the VM of ozr, as well as the unobtrusive operation of the VM of Ozrfa.A.The rapid information service of the Mavlonov Institute of Seismology and the Republican network of seismological monitoring of seismic hazards were directly transferred to the Ministry of Emergency Situations. Government-wide and area commissions on the prevention and elimination of emergencies have also been approved. Their duties were also defined. On June 2 of the same year, President Sh.Another important document on emergency situations was adopted by Mirziyoev – “on organizational measures to further improve the activities of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Republic of Uzbekistan”. The resolution also made changes to its structures in order to improve the activities of the ministry. An additional 3 deputy ministers positions were createdn June 2 of the same year, President Sh.Another important document on emergency situations was adopted by Mirziyoev – “on organizational measures to further improve the activities of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Republic of Uzbekistan”. The resolution also made changes to its structures in order to improve the activities of the ministry. An additional 3 deputy ministers positions were created . Special attention was also paid to the localization of the production of technical equipment and special equipment used in search and rescue operations. American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 42 November - 2025 P a g e | 5 www.americanjournal.org Especially the emergencies that occurred in the following years and caused significant losses in terms of scope caused further refinement of legal norms in this area. In particular, in order to improve the FVDT, a decision adopted by the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2023, amendments to the laws in this area, as well as on October 20, 2025, President Sh. An example of this is a number of documents adopted by Mirziyo Especially the emergencies that occurred in the following years and caused significant losses in terms of scope caused further refinement of legal norms in this area. In particular, in order to improve the FVDT, a decision adopted by the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2023, amendments to the laws in this area, as well as on October 20, 2025, President Sh. An example of this is a number of documents adopted by Mirziyoev. On the same day, Decree No. 185” on raising the population and territories to a qualitatively new level of the field of emergency protection“, Resolution No. 310” on organizational measures for further improvement of the activities of emergency bodies “and Resolution No. 311” on digitization of the field of emergency protection and development of scientific innovative activities " were adoOOn the same day, Decree No. 185” on raising the population and territories to a qualitatively new level of the field of emergency protection“, Resolution No. 310” on organizational measures for further improvement of the activities of emergency bodies “and Resolution No. 311” on digitization of the field of emergency protection and development of scientific innovative activities " were adopted. In this decree, “in order to establish new mechanisms of effective prevention and state control on the basis of scientific and technical approaches, taking into account advanced foreign experiments in the reliable protection of the population and territories of. References 1. ЎРҚ-226-сон 30.09.2009. Ёнғин хавфсизлиги тўғрисида. hттпс:// lex.uz/docs /1521661 2. Ўзбекистон Республикаси қонунчилик маълумотлари миллий базаси / https://lex.uz/docs/1061181 3. ЎРҚ-213-сон 23.04.2009. Техник жиҳатдан тартибга солиш тўғрисида./ hттпс:// lex.uz/docs / 1474642 4. ЎзР ФВВ ФМИ, Аҳоли ва ҳудудларни фавқулодда вазиятлардан муҳофаза қилишнинг ҳуқуқий асослари. I-жилд, –Тошкент: ФМИ, 2006. 5. ЎзР ФВВ. ФМИ. Аҳоли ва ҳудудларни фавқулодда вазиятлардан муҳофаза қилишнинг ҳуқуқий асослари (меъёрий ҳужжатлар тўплами), III-жилд, –Тошкент: ФМИ, 2018 6. UzWатер Аwаре. Регионального экологического центра ЦА в рамках ЕС. Програмы “Устойчивое управление водными ресурсами”. Пут воды. –Тошкент: 2020. 7. Алихонов Б. Экологик қонунчилик истиқболи //Ҳуқуқ ва бурч, 2010, №3, 8. Убайдуллаев Ш., Норбоев А.ва б.Чақирувга қадар бошланғич тайёргарлик,–Тошкент: Ilm- Ziyo,2009. https://lex.uz/docs/1061181