American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences ISSN (E): 2832-8019 Volume 8, | Jan., 2023 P a g e | 14 www.americanjournal.org PEDAGOGY-PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF EDUCATING SCHOOLCHILDREN IN THE SPIRIT OF PATRIOTISM Baxtiyor Saidov Independent Researcher A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S this article is devoted to the pedagogy and psychological aspects of educating schoolchildren in the spirit of patriotism. The author pays special attention to the psychological aspects of the patriotic education of schoolchildren. patriotism, school, education, family, society, teacher It is important to educate the young generation in the spirit of respect for our rich cultural heritage and historical values, and love for our independent Motherland in forming a human personality. In today's complex globalization era, in the conditions of rapidly developing information and communication technologies, the urgent tasks related to the education of young people in the spirit of military patriotism and their solution, the improvement of this issue in harmony with the real social and political changes in the life of Uzbekistan today, by representatives of the field of social and humanities that special attention is being paid is also a requirement of social necessity at the same time. In connection with the implementation of the decision of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated August 4, 2018 No. PQ-3898 "On the fundamental improvement of the system of raising the moral and educational level of military personnel of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Uzbekistan", the adoption of the concept of educating young people in the spirit of military patriotism, the local state authority to ensure the unity of the army and the people The strengthening of the cooperation with the authorities allows filling the ranks of our national army with young people who have a strong will and an active civil position. According to the explanatory dictionary of the Uzbek language, "Patriotic" is a person who loves his homeland, motherland, and people without limit, who shows zeal for the interests of the homeland. Patriotism is a work, behavior, and characteristic of patriots. True patriotic citizens of Uzbekistan can be educated by inculcating the most important concepts, life and professional skills related to protecting our Motherland like the apple of an eye, spreading its fame to the world, on the basis of science and knowledge, in the hearts and minds of young people from early childhood.1. Patriotism is the concept of responsibility and duty to the country. Patriotism is extremely versatile and constantly improves and develops in the process of historical, social, political, and economic development. The more people understand the interests, value, fate, and prospects of the country, the higher the sense of patriotism in people. This process is endless. Different stages of historical, socio- 1Ўзбек тилининг изоҳли луғати. А.Мадвалиев таҳрири остида. “Ўзбекистон миллий энциклопедияси Давлат илмий нашриёти”, Тошкент, 2006, 444-445-бетлар. American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 8, Jan., 2023 P a g e | 15 www.americanjournal.org political, spiritual development discover new facets of patriotism. The feeling of patriotism in every person is inextricably linked with the development of society. True patriotism is living in the interest of the nation, the homeland, working and fighting for its prospects and interests.2. First of all, it is assumed that the young generation, who are the creators of the future, will be educated, become highly qualified personnel, work hard for their country and people, and be taught to work honestly for the development and happiness of a free country. After all, independence requires the management of society by highly qualified personnel who are dedicated to the interests of their country. The formation of a positive embodiment of the servicemen of the country's Armed Forces in the minds of citizens, conceptual aspects of the content of civil pose in a person, the formation of community and patriotism in a person on the basis of ideology based on the theory of socialism, the fulfillment of youth's duty to society through the military and, scientific research on the problems of abandoning one's own life if necessary in his interests is carried out by the world's leading scientific research centers and higher education institutions, including the University of Southern California, USA (University of Southern California, USA), the Sorbonne University of Paris (Université deParis, France), the Universities of Beijing and Shanghai (PekingUniversity,China;Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China), ; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel), Cambridge and Oxford universities (UniversityofCambridge, University of Oxford), are being implemented at the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. These studies include organizational forms of working with People (University of Southern California), goals and motivations for young people to perform different behaviors (Université de Paris, France), psychological description of different groups and associations, specific principles of social behavior (Peking University, China; Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China), prevention of behavioral deviations with adolescents, youth in the field of Applied Psychology, gender studies (Tel Aviv University, Israel; The main attention is paid to the study of such problems as Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel), psychoanalytic and cognitive behavioral psychotherapy (UniversityofCambridge,University of Oxford), the implementation of general social activity in the process of personality formation and development in a particular society (Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation). Patriotism is the sum of the social and spiritual and moral qualities of a person, expressing his love for the land on which he was born and raised. The main sign of patriotism is self – sacrifice, and the Supreme appearance is courage. This dedication and courage is reflected in the spiritual heritage of our people and in the person of our ancestors. The thoughts and works of our scientists, who came to the world in our country and became world famous for their scientific and creative activity, about the motherland, patriotism can serve as an example not only for Uzbekistan, but also for all people in the world. They are people who have made worthy contributions to the development of civilisation not only of Uzbekistan, but of the whole world. A significant contribution to the development of a sense of integrity for the people of Uzbekistan, especially for their youth, is rightfully proud of their country, history, the activities of their ancestors who lived in the past. 2Фалсафа. Қомусий луғат. “Ўзбекистон файласуфлари миллий жамияти нашриёти”, Тошкент, 2004, 496 бет. American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 8, Jan., 2023 P a g e | 16 www.americanjournal.org And in the formation of feelings of military patriotism, the figure of Jalaliddin Manguberdi, Amir Timur, Zahriddin Muhammad Babur and others serves as an invaluable historical example. After Uzbekistan gained independence, the first president of the country I. Karimov” free and prosperous motherland, free and prosperous life – our ultimate goal (2000)“, " the Uzbek people will never depend on anyone (t. 2005) " in his other works, he expressed important points about the path of development and development of Uzbekistan, the tasks of our citizens, the risks that threaten the independence of the country and their overcoming. The highlight is that although the head of state at that time wrote about the motherland, patriotism in the early years of independence, despite the fact that so many years have passed, still this topic has not lost its relevance for researchers, the problem for society. The analysis of studies on patriotism suggests that research on this topic was carried out mainly in the direction of such disciplines as pedagogy, philosophy. Work on the formation of patriotism, the study of specific aspects of this phenomenon from a scientific point of view, unfortunately, by psychologists, has not been carried out sufficiently. Although, after the end of Soviet patrioticism, a scientific study of the foundations of the patriotism of the new era from the point of view of Psychological Science was necessary, but, it must be recognized, the inattention of psychologist scientists to this issue prevented research in this direction. A relatively relaxing aspect is the fact that scientists of the Academy of the Armed Forces of the Ministry of Defense are conducting a number of studies in the field of scientific psychology in terms of theoretical methodological and practical aspects of patriotic education. Another study devoted to patriotism education is the dissertation called "The role of defense consciousness in educating young people in the spirit of military patriotism: a functional approach" carried out by F. Boqiev, in which the author cited different interpretations of patriotism. The development of the country, first of all, depends on the maturity of its children. This is reflected in the fact that each of our compatriots feels responsible for their spiritual development, lives in harmony with the interests of this country and people. At various stages of the historical development of the society, the number of threats aimed at disrupting the stable lifestyle of young people is increasing, and this situation, in turn, requires special attention to the education of patriotism..3 Head of the cycle of pedagogy and psychology of the Department of Humanities of the Academy of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Lieutenant Colonel R.Normatov noted that today, when educating our youth in the spirit of military patriotism, national values, as well as national ideology, serve as the main foundation. As young people are brought up with ideological concepts, it is important in them to initially form a patriotic spirit. After all, national values \ u200b \ u200bare based on the age-old traditions, traditions, native language, psyche of our people, instill confidence in tomorrow. Between people, feelings of kindness, dishonesty, decency, justice, enlightenment, patriotism appear. Youth is the future of our motherland, our nation. Entrusting them with the fate of our motherland, first of all, they should deeply understand in all its essence the complex and responsible task that is assigned to them, contribute to it. . After all, loving the motherland, loving it is directly determined by the creative work that everyone is doing on the path of the prosperity of this country. Of great importance in the development of national identity is the education of thoughtful 3Боқиев Фарҳод Эсанович. Ёшларни ҳарбий-ватанпарварлик руҳида тарбиялашда мудофаа онгининг ўрни: функционал ёндашув. Психол. ф. бўйича фалсафа док.дисс. Тошкент, 2021. American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 8, Jan., 2023 P a g e | 17 www.americanjournal.org young people, watered by ideas of national patriotism. Therefore, each of our young people preparing for the defense of the motherland must be brought up in a high patriotic spirit 4. What a great reward is the protection of the motherland, the obligation of every Muslim, it is such a great sin, a crime worthy of the highest punishment, to commit a trick on it, to invade it with a weapon. Based on the interests of the national security of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the following can be noted as topical directions of propaganda work aimed at ideological education of the population, especially among young people, in conditions where ideological threats are extremely dangerous and delicate: -the formation of a culture of independent thinking in each citizen against ideological influences carried out for selfish purposes, the correct assessment of existing spiritual and ideological threats, the formation of the ability to draw appropriate conclusions and lessons from them; - teaching to live always alert, alert and alert in relation to increasing ideological threats; - to achieve a deep understanding and validity of the meaning and content of moral feelings and concepts such as national values, patriotism, loyalty to the interests of the state and society, honor, shame and Andisha; - prevention of neglect and indifference, education of sobriety and vivacity, development of a sense of belonging to the fate of the country5. Professor of the University of public safety of the Republic of Uzbekistan, doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor R.According to Makhmudov6, The adoption of the resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated February 23, 2018 No. 140 “on approval of the concept of educating young people in the spirit of military-patriotism” determined certain tasks in order to increase and activate the effectiveness of work on educating young people in the spirit of military- patriotism, to more actively involve. It can be noted that the feeling of patriotism arose in some way along with the arrival of Man Into the world, but it was a feeling of the instinct level observed in patriotic animals, limited to guarding the territory belonging to a particular tribe. As a result of the development of human evolution, which was engaged in feeding the members of its tribe in a certain area, living life, hunting, continuing its generation, and trying not to put Tribes Other than its territory, two types of patriotism arose in ancient antiquity. 1.In ancient Greece-social patriotism, which expresses the self-sacrifice, dedication, loyalty of a citizen to society; 2.In ancient Rome-political patriotism of the population, representing state patriotism, which relied on political relations. It is desirable that patriotic feelings are always expressed in the content of peace, solidarity, cooperation and creative activity. Patriotism is a person's love for his homeland, his loyalty, his readiness for any service in his interests and his willingness to sacrifice his life in defense of the 4Ёшларни ҳарбий ватанпарварлик руҳида тарбиялашнинг мафкуравий асослари. “Глобаллашув шароитида ватанпарварлик тарбиясининг маънавий-маърифий технологиялари”. Республика илмий-амалий конференция материаллари// Ўзбекистон Республикаси Қуролли Кучлари академияси. – Тошкент, 2019, 50-52-бет. 5Очилдиев А. Мафкуравий таҳдидлар ва ғоявий тарбиянинг долзарб масалалари// Маънавий ва диний етуклик – давр талаби. – Т.: Тошкент ислом университети, 2009. – Б.381-382. 6Махмудов Р.М.,Акбаров Л.И. Ёшларни ҳарбий-ватанпарварлик руҳида тарбиялаш концепцияси амалда. PEDAGOGS international research journal. Volume-1, Issue-1, January-2022, v 223-230. American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 8, Jan., 2023 P a g e | 18 www.americanjournal.org motherland, if necessary. Patriotism begins with love for the place of birth, and when a person reaches a mature age, an understanding of patriotism in a nationwide circle arises. Patriotism is one of the main social pillars that determine the existence, prosperity, development of each nation and state. Insufficient attention to the formation, development of patriotism in Citizens inevitably leads to a depreciation of spirituality and culture, weakening the socio-economic development of this society or state. As a result, the quality of life of the population decreases, dissatisfaction increases. Destructive forces that have taken advantage of this can easily subjugate the state to itself.And this shows to what extent the formation of patriotism in young people is an important issue. References 1. Журавлев, А.Л. Патриотизм как объект изучения психологической науки / А.Л. Журавлев, А.В. Юревич. // Психологический журнал. – 2016. – Т. 37. – № 3. – С. 88-98. 2. Karpova Yu.A. Innovations, intelligence, education. – M., 1998. – 93-94-p. 3. Maxmudov R.M.,Akbarov L.I. The concept of educating young people in the spirit of military- patriotic is in practice. PEDAGOGS international research journal. Volume-1, Issue-1, January- 2022, v 223-230. 4. Мясищев В.Н. Социальная психология личности. 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