American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences ISSN (E): 2832-8019 Volume 9, | Feb., 2023 P a g e | 74 www.americanjournal.org DEPICTING THE IMAGE OF A BEAR IN SIMILAR POSITIONS IN THE WORKS OF EUROPEAN AND ASIAN ANIMALISTS Choriyeva Asila Student of the Third Level of the third Faculty of English Uzbekistan State University of World Languages E-mail: asilachoriyeva2002@gmail.com Phone: 88 877 70 84 A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S In the article, the use of the image of a bear in the same plot in the literary genre in the works of the European, Canadian writer Ernest Seton Thompson and the Uzbek writer from the Asian region, Normurod Norqobilov, is presented with reasonable arguments. The feelings and experiences of the bear are described as similar to those of people, and it is no exaggeration to say that these two works created by the writers can be a great motivation to understand the creatures of the wild world and arouse compassion in people. devaluation of ethical- emotional factors, disconnection of personal relationships, the protection of the environment. Images of nature and animals are the most common images in Canadian literature. These are the complex problems of the environment, the unique relationship between man and nature, the problems of mental ecology ("increasing the devaluation of ethical-emotional factors, the disconnection of personal relationships, the anxious perception of the loss of the "most of the century of alienation") (1- 11) is associated with a particular perception in Canada, although common to Western culture as a whole. As noted by N. Palsev, "in the minds of ordinary Canadians, the morality of "anything is possible" and the nature of corrupt individualistic consumerism have become symbols of alien and foreign civilization to the attack from the USA." (1.12) E. Seton-Thompson (1860-1946) - Canadian writer, animal artist, community leader. In the work of E. S. Thompson, a great place is devoted to the life of forest animals. In his series of stories, the life of bears and the various events they experienced are highlighted. The stories "The Life of a Grizzly Bear" and "A Teddy Bear Named Johnny" are among them. The story "A bear named Johnny" was born as a result of the writer's observation of bears living in the Yellowstone National Park of America. The story has a realistic basis. It clearly shows both time and space. The events take place in the summer of 1897. There are three bears in the story. They are a little bear named Johnny, his mother Tajang, and a giant grizzly bear named Grizzly. They live in Yellowstone National Park, and eat at the cafeteria next to the hotel in the park. The carefree life of Johnny and his mother is disrupted by the sudden appearance of Grizzly. In the fight for the territory, the strong grizzly wins - Tajang abandons the battlefield and his son Johnny, who saved his life by climbing a tree, fixes the couple and is not seen here again. Nora, an Irish girl American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 9, Feb., 2023 P a g e | 75 www.americanjournal.org who was recently hired in the kitchen, helps the sick and weak Johnny in every way: she makes a basket that will serve as a bed for the teddy bear, and she reports on his condition in the morning and in the evening. The story ends tragically. Usually the hotel in the park closes in the fall. "A few days before the hotel closed, Johnny refused breakfast for the first time and whimpered until Nora took him on his lap. The bear clung to the girl's bosom, his gentle voice "u-u-u, u-u-u" gradually faded away, and then disappeared completely. After half an hour, the girl put the teddy bear back in the basket and went about her business, so that little Johnny remained forever blind and ignorant of everything that was happening around him. (2,335 - emphasis is ours - A.CH.) ES-Thompson's second story in which bear images are created is "The Life of a Grizzly Bear". At first glance, the story is like a legend. Its beginning is also a fairy tale: "Far away, in the upper reaches of the Little Payne River, where the Pallett farm is located, a grizzly bear lives a quiet life. The bear is the poor of the poor, and all he does is raise his children. The only thing a mother bear wants from life is to leave her alone with her children." (2,167) The bear is one of the most common characters in the animalistic works of Uzbek writers. Examples of this are Shukur Kholmirzayev's "A Man Who Fell into a Cliff", Abdulla Saidov's "Shertoy", "Komsash", "Ayiklisoy", "Sirtlon Dog and Bear", Normurod Norqabilov's "Pakhmaq" and other stories. Comparison of E.S.-Thompson's "Gray Bear Life" and Normurod Norqabilov's "Fluffy" stories gives interesting results. First of all, the reader who reads both works gets the impression that he has read one work. It seems that both works are about the same bear. Because these bears have many things in common - similar childhood, similar fate (loneliness), similar living environment, similar hobbies and many other similarities. The events in both works begin in the summer - in "The Life of a Grizzly Bear" from July, in "Pakhmog" - from the middle of the summer chill. Webb, the hero of "The Life of a Grizzly Bear", has three brothers. On the banks of the Greybull River, their mother teaches them various crafts - ant hunting, fishing: "Mother bears came to a pit below, lifted a huge lump of mud from under the water. Then he came to the upper pit and threw himself into the water with a splash. The fish, fleeing from the unexpected danger, plunged themselves into the mud, and the more ignorant ones went along the muddy stream. They did not know that they were in the rocky shallows until they regained consciousness. Mother bears grabbed them one by one and threw them to the shore. The little bears clung to these strange little snakes and downed them cleanly until their bellies beat like drums. The day was hot, the bears were full and sleepy. The mother bears followed them to a secluded place, and the cubs fell asleep in their mother's pants. (2,168) And Normurod Norqabilov's Pakhmog is alone: "Pakhmok was enjoying the blessings of summer to the fullest at this time. From time to time he went down to the stream to catch fish. He learned the tradition of fishing. They used to spend a lot of time hanging out in the meadow. Kiyakzor was separated from the stream, and water seeped there through the stones. The exit was a narrow gorge. The hunt for fluff started from there. At first, he crouched down and clawed at the fish swimming freely in the warm water. As a matter of fact, the fish were fleeing. Then he could not stand it, and he would sweep the water from head to toe. Then he caught American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 9, Feb., 2023 P a g e | 76 www.americanjournal.org the confused fish one by one and threw them to the shore. He would eat fish until his belly swelled like a drum, and when he was exhausted, he would go out to the hawthorn field on the left bank of the stream and lie down in the sun." (3, 122) The following examples show how close these works are. In the first story, a mother bear and her three cubs are shot and killed by farmer Pickett. The fourth teddy bear, Webb, who was injured in his back leg, barely escaped. Webb is still a baby, unable to find and eat food on his own. After spending the cold night sitting on a tree until morning, Webb goes to the place where he and his mother and brothers fished the day before. His goal is to find some news from them: "Webb walked and came to the place where he ate fish with his mother yesterday... He smelled something from somewhere. The smell scared Webb. The smell grew stronger as he got closer to where he had last seen his mother. He saw chiabori fighting among the trees... There was no sign of his mother here. The poor bear still misses his mother. The little teddy bear was crying bitterly and hiccoughing, wandering from side to side for a long time. He was sick, he was alone, his crippled leg was bothering him. He was thirsty for mother's milk, he will not taste the taste of mother's milk for the rest of his life! He was crying and hiccupping, and came across a hollow tree trunk. He entered this hole. He settled down and dreamed that I was lying in my mother's arms, and he fell asleep in such a sweet dream. (2,170-171) And the following verses seem to be a copy of the quoted passage. Compare: "...he got out of his comfort zone. Then he went to the place where his mother had suddenly disappeared yesterday. Yesterday, seeing a flock of ravens on the ground, he stood there in surprise. His mother was nowhere to be seen among them. Where did he go? A light breeze from that direction brought the scent again. He squealed lightly and fell to his right. He mumbled with force. Feeling that her stomach was open, she wanted to suck her mother. He added mother's milk little by little. He snorted and hit the right wall with his beak. His mouth was filled with sand instead of milk. He cried, he really sobbed, strained, and sobbed. Norasta cried in a loud voice... Pakhmaq went to sleep earlier that day in the hole on top of the stone platform. He spent the night hungry. He saw his mother in a dream. He sucked his mother in a dream." (3,126-127) Left alone, orphan bears suffer from hunger. In S.-Thompson: "Strangely Webb looked far and wide in his stomach trouble" (2,172). In N.Norqabilov: "He wandered in the direction where his head flowed in the sorrow of feeding his belly" (3,126-127). However, the surroundings are full of surprises. In S.-Thompson: "Sager Webb had many treasures." (2,172) In N.Norqabilov: "... even the sheep of Archazor was full of treasures."(3,126) However, if you want to live in this world, you must be able to fight against these temptations and overcome them. Both Web and Pakhmog grew up year after year. Those who seemed huge to them yesterday seem to have shrunk and returned to their original appearance. Now the bears are ready to compete with them. In S.-Thompson: "The wind brought a delicious smell to his lungs, he carried the smell and went over the ox's rump. Several Chiyaboris were crouching around masliq. They looked tiny and crippled to Webb's eyes compared to the chiabs he saw. One of the Chiyabori was standing at the head of the olaksa. Where he was standing, he would scatter in the sky by himself and would not go anywhere. Webb saw him and stirred up an old pain that had been lurking in his heart. He threw himself into the American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 9, Feb., 2023 P a g e | 77 www.americanjournal.org tree, hit it with his paws, and turned it into a piece of bark. True, the bear bit him, but his ribs were crushed between the paws of the bear, and the bear tasted its warm blood in its mouth. The web has arrived!"(2,176) In N. Norqabilov: "Pakhmak unknowingly climbed over the wolves' nest... In his eyes, the wolves seemed to be much smaller. Last year's wolves were much better. And these... One of the wolves did not stop thinking for a long time. He attacked her frantically and bit her on the thigh. The fluff was involuntarily pinched. However, he suddenly got angry and became angry. He gnashed his teeth and hit one of the wolves with his paw and sent him flying. The second one did not have time to turn to the left. He fell into Pakhmak's arms. Salty's bones broke in one squeeze. Not only that, Pakhmak also bit his stomach. He tasted blood in his mouth and became even more furious." (3.129) (emphasis ours - A.Ch.) Now both Webb and Pakhmog can not only fight against a group of smaller ones, but also can drive out alien bears from their territory. In S.-Thompson, Webb gets rid of the black bear that used to give him no peace: "One day, Webb saw a black bear on the land under his care. The wrath of the web has arrived. The black bear had shrunk so much! He had once seemed enormous to Webb. And now Webb was able to scoop him up with his paws and roll him up. Now Webb was glad to know that he had the power to take revenge on this red- nosed bear. Sensing this, the black bear pecked like an apple and climbed to the top of the tree." (2,178) Webb abandons the idea of chasing the black bear to the top of the tree. He waits until evening for it to come down, the black bear does not come down. When Webb returned the next day, the black bear was gone. N. Norqabilov said: "When he went to the hawthorn field by the stream, he clearly felt that a strange bear was walking. No matter how mad the puffer was, he preferred caution. When he reaches the tip, he slowly raises his head and lunges forward. He saw a grizzly bear on the edge of a hawthorn grove. If he had encountered a giant bear, he would have let it go without expressing his anger. But realizing that the bear in front of him was easily enough, he couldn't stop himself from growling. As soon as he roared, the strange bear glared and suddenly started running away. Soon he disappeared into the thicket on the other side of the stream." (3,146) E.S.-Thompson made a great contribution to the development of world artistic animalistics. However, noting that writing about the animal world and the relationship between humans and animals was common in Uzbek literature already in the Middle Ages, it should be noted that the genre of animalistics is developing more and more in modern Uzbek literature. This is effectively influenced by various factors - creative learning from the experience of world literature, changes in the general attitude to the protection of the environment, changes in the worldview of people and, first of all, writers. References: 1. Palsev N. Postijeniye izvechnogo // Etwood M. Postijeniye: Sbornik. Per. English - M.: Raduga, 1985. 2. S.-Thompson E. Wild quilt. - T.: Publisher, 2010. 3. Norqabilov Normurad. Puff // The lonely man on the mountain. - T.: Uzbekistan, 2011.