American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences ISSN (E): 2832-8019 Volume 11, | April, 2023 P a g e | 71 www.americanjournal.org FORMATION AND DESCRIPTION OF THE WOMEN RIGHTS IN ISLAM 1 MM. Inagamova, N. Joraboev, 1 Tashkent State Transport University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan 2 Tashkent State Transport University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan а) rozigul37@mail.ru A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S The article deals with the issue of equality of women and men in the Islamic religion. The role of a woman in marriage, family responsibilities, relations between husband and wife, established rights and obligations regarding marriage and love are also analyzed. woman, man, marital relations, justice, equality, religion, integrity, family, law, duty, education, inheritance. Introduction In the modern world, when it comes to the issue of equality between women and men, this situation is based on opposing opinions and causes a lot of discussion [1]. We consider it expedient to rely on the Islamic religion and the rules established in it as the most correct direction in expressing a clear opinion on this issue. The reason is that more than seventy years have passed since the creation of international documents on gender equality, but the religion of Islam reinforced this issue fourteen centuries ago in the verses of its holy book - the Holy Quran [2]. At this point, let's dwell a little on the social status of women before the introduction of Islam. It is known that during the period of jahiliyah, women were buried alive in infancy. In order to substantiate our words, let us turn to the chapters "Takwir" and "Nahl" of the holy book of Islam, the Holy Quran. This is stated in Surah Takwir as follows: "... if a girl who was buried alive is asked ... for what sin was she killed?" (verses 8-9) [3], or in Surah “Nakhl” “... some of whom are told the good news about the girl, they get angry, and their faces darken. He humiliated the girl, thinking about taking her away or leaving her alive in the dust, and hiding from people, fearing the “bad” of what he was told the good news. Be aware that their judgment is very poor (verses 58-59)[4]. These verses were revealed at the dawn of Islam and the inclusion of this verse was the reality of that time. These two surahs emphasize that it is true that girls are buried alive, and this matter will be severely condemned and will be questioned on the Day of Resurrection. Islam was one of the first to declare that a woman is a human on the same basis as a man, and reinforced the rights of women in several verses of the Holy Quran. In particular, the use of the word woman in 35 suras and more than 100 verses of the Holy Quran, and one of the suras is called "Nisa", i.e. "Women", and the position of a woman, her place in life, and her rights are described in detail, which is a vivid example of attention to a woman. American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 11, April, 2023 P a g e | 72 www.americanjournal.org This Surah defines the rights and duties of women in matters such as inheritance, dowry and marriage. In particular, the first verse of Surah Nisa of the Holy Quran says: “O people, fear your Lord, Who created you from one soul, and created a couple from it, and created many men and women from two”[5]. Here, when it comes to the equality of men and women in Islam, first of all, it is necessary to clarify what should be understood by the term "equality between a woman and a man", whether it is relative or something absolute. In our opinion, if it were necessary for women and men to be equal in everything, then God would not divide the human race into two sexes, male and female. OBJECTS AND METHODS OF RESEARCH Methods such as general interrelationships, historical principles, comparative analysis, structural- functional approach and generalization were used to cover the research work. RESULTS AND THEIR DISCUSSION Islam gave women equal rights with men in matters of faith, merit and knowledge. For example, in verse 32 of Sura Nisa: “Men have a share in their profession. It is said that women have a lot from their profession”[6], and it is transmitted from Anas ibn Malik, may Allah be pleased with him: “The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: “The pursuit of knowledge is the duty of every Muslim”[ 7]. Therefore, every Muslim should consider the search for knowledge as his duty. In Islam, the search for knowledge is obligatory from the cradle to the grave. Fard is a strict command of Allah, the fulfillment of which is obligatory for every believer. To continue our reflections on this matter, let us dwell on one more important and fundamental issue. It is known that in the religion of Islam there are well-defined rules about marriage and family relations, and people who profess the religion of Islam consider these rules an important aspect of their lives. The most important of these rules is marriage, and since it is the only basis for creating a family, it is regulated not only by moral standards, but also by Sharia rules. Celibacy was condemned, religious marriages appeared based on "Sharia rules", and this process became a "habit". Husband and wife, the main organizers of family life, have certain duties and tasks, and some of these rights are shared between husband and wife, some are rights that belong only to men, and some are rights that belong to women [8]. Since the relationship between husband and wife is the most sacred human relationship in Islam, we must know how this relationship should be established and follow this knowledge. What should be the relationship in a couple? What are his duties as a husband? As a wife, what are her duties? What rights do they have in family relationships? How should they interact with each other? The solution of such issues is covered in detail in the verses of the Holy Book of Islam, the Holy Quran, as well as in the hadiths collected by scientists about the life and deeds of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. First of all, let's talk about the rights of a woman in relation to her husband. In particular, the first is the good and fair treatment of a woman by a husband. After all, Allah Almighty commanded in his book: “Be kind to women!” [9] (Sura Nisa: ayat 19). This order requires the husband to be kind to his wife, to be patient with some of her shortcomings, and to turn a blind eye to some of her mistakes. In one of the hadiths of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him): “A believing American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 11, April, 2023 P a g e | 73 www.americanjournal.org husband should not hate a believing wife, if he hates one of her actions, he will continue to be pleased with her because of another behavior.” [10], or according to the following hadeeth narrated by Imam Tirmizi, “the best of you treat your wives well.” There is a wonderful saying in this regard among our people. It is said that until you get married, keep your eyes wide open and your marital eyes closed. Seeing no flaws is a sure thing. secondly, the second right of a woman to her husband is the right of a dowry. In the Holy Quran, Allah called on husbands to respect the rights of their wives: “Give their wives their dowry as a gift (that is, from the heart)” (Sura Nisa: ayat 4). thirdly, a man must respect his woman and protect her honor. He must not be careless in any situation that will lead to corruption. But you can not overdo it with bad thoughts, excessive demands and suspicion. fourthly, a man must make a separate place (room) for his wife, where none of her husband's relatives should be. Fifthly, the husband must provide his wife with sufficient quantities, such as food and clothing. The husband will be rewarded for his family expenses. Imam Bukhari and Muslim said in their Sahihs: “Saad ibn Abu Waqqas, may Allah be pleased with him, narrated that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “You will receive a reward for any expenses that you seek the approval of the Almighty. Even for the food you put in your wife's mouth, you have a reward."[12] However, in this matter, i.e. in the issue of alimony, it is determined that the husband should be considered on the basis of his economic situation, and he should not try to earn money in illegal and illegal ways to satisfy the excessive demands and desires of the spouse. woman. On this occasion, the Holy Quran says: “A rich person should give alms from his wealth (that is, according to his wealth). Whoever's livelihood is limited (poor), then may Allah give him a livelihood from what He has given him (according to his condition). Allah does not burden the soul with anything other than what He has given it. After hardship-poverty, Allah creates contentment-wealth” [13] (Sura Talak: ayat 7). sixth, the husband must guard the chastity of his wife. Protecting a wife from haram is a Wajib for a husband. seventh, if a husband loves his wife, he must respect her; if he hates her, he must not oppress her. The realization of these rights certainly serves to ensure peace and tranquility in the family. After all, the continuity of the family is closely dependent on the consent of the husband and wife with each other and the realization of each other's rights. Now consider the second side of this issue. In other words, the Islamic religion defines the Sharia rights of a husband in relation to his wife. In particular: First, the first duty of a wife to her husband, or the first right of a husband to his wife, is that the woman must be obedient to her husband. Because if a woman does not know her place in the family, if she is disobedient and stubborn towards her husband, then she will damage the continuity and stability of the family. In this place, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) speaks of the great virtue and bliss of a woman’s obedience to her husband: “If a woman prays five times a day, fasts one month (in a year), keeps her duties from prohibition and obeys her husband, they say that he is allowed to enter Paradise through any door he wishes” (Tabarani’s story). American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 11, April, 2023 P a g e | 74 www.americanjournal.org secondly, it is established that a woman should not fast without the permission of her husband, perform the Hajj without his permission, give alms and donations from household items to others without his consent. On this occasion, in the hadith narrated by Abu Hurayrah, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, it is said: “It is not allowed for a woman to fast without the permission of her husband and let someone into her house without his permission” [14] (Imam Bukhari, Muslim , Abu Daoud), Termizi). thirdly, a woman should spend most of her time at home and go out only with the consent of her husband. Allah Almighty said to women in the Holy Quran: “Find a solution in your homes” (Sura Ahzab, verses 32-33-34). If a woman goes outside without her husband's permission, God will curse her until she repents or returns home." fourthly, a woman should be satisfied with the fate given by Allah to her husband, and should not be capricious towards him. A woman needs to be content with the food earned by her husband, thus appreciate the efforts of her husband and not demand from him beyond what is necessary, fearing that he will go to an unclean profession. Perhaps you should encourage your husband to be content and warn her against evil ways. The wives of the righteous of the past told their husbands: "Avoid evil professions!" We endure hunger and deprivation, but we cannot endure hellfire.” fifthly, a woman should be, as it were, a stranger to her husband's friend. If her friend knocks on the door when her husband is out, don't talk to her. After all, when a man meets his friend's wife, this situation causes jealousy and intrigue. sixth, a woman should not be proud of her beauty in front of her husband, she should not hate him for being ugly, if a woman is rich, she should not be proud of her wealth in front of her husband, but should reckon with the husband of the side, respect and appreciate him . seventh, the wife should have pity on her children, respect them, and refrain from hitting and cursing the children. Because this thing has a very negative effect on the upbringing and psyche of the child. CONCLUSION It should be noted here that a woman has several statuses in terms of her roles and responsibilities throughout her life. For example, she lives as a beloved child, gifted by God, a responsible keeper of the family, a righteous woman for a man, a loving mother for her children, or someone's sister. So a woman should always be respected and protected. With this opinion, we want to emphasize that both women and men should fully understand their rights and obligations in Islam. The reason is that not knowing the strict rules of our beautiful religion and not following it is a vice not characteristic of a believer. References 1. Inagamova M.M., Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women: Basic Rules and Principles for Implementation / Textbook: - T .: Academy of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan, 2019. - 71 p. 2. Inagamova M.M. Interaction of the institute of civil society with internal affairs bodies in the protection of human rights // Academy on the way to improving the system of training qualified personnel for internal affairs bodies: Proceedings of the international scientific and practical American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 11, April, 2023 P a g e | 75 www.americanjournal.org conference (Tashkent, September 3 - 6). , 2019). -T .: Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan, 2019. - B. 314-345. 3. Sheikh Muhammad Sadiq Muhammad Yusuf. Translation of the Holy Quran and its meanings into Uzbek. Hilal Nash Publishing. -T.: 2019. S.-586. 4. Sheikh Muhammad Sadiq Muhammad Yusuf. Translation of the Holy Quran and its meanings into Uzbek. Hilal Nash Publishing. - T.: 2019. S.-273. 5. Sheikh Muhammad Sadiq Muhammad Yusuf. Translation of the Holy Quran and its meanings into Uzbek. Hilal Nash Publishing. - T.: 2019. S.-77. 6. Sheikh Muhammad Sadiq Muhammad Yusuf. Translation of the Holy Quran and its meanings into Uzbek. Hilal Nash Publishing. - T.: 2019. S.-83. 7. https://vk.com/wall-82122292_502 8. Inagamova M.M. Issues of reforming the system of internal affairs bodies and interaction with the "Family-Neighborhood-Educational Institution". / Actual issues of ensuring legislation in the state and administration: Collection of materials of the scientific-practical conference. - Tashkent, 2011. - B. 247. 9. Sheikh Muhammad Sadiq Muhammad Yusuf. Translation of the Holy Quran and its meanings into Uzbek. Hilal Nash Publishing. - T.: 2019. S.-80. 10. https://islom.uz/maqola/6064. On the Qualities of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace (part 3) 11. Daniel Corey. About the duty of a man in the family. https://www.facebook.com/doniyorqoriuzb/photos/a.205157823369590/649914842227217/? type=3 12. https://www.bukhari.uz/?p=10752. The rights of husband and wife in our religion. 13. Sheikh Muhammad Sadiq Muhammad Yusuf. Translation of the Holy Quran and its meanings into Uzbek. Hilal Nash Publishing. - T.: 2019. S.-559. 14. https://fiqh.uz/maqola/762. Responsibilities of a woman in the family 15. Sheikh Muhammad Sadiq Muhammad Yusuf. Translation of the Holy Quran and its meanings into Uzbek. Hilal Nash Publishing. -T.: 2019. S.-422.