American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences ISSN (E): 2832-8019 Volume 12, | May, 2023 P a g e | 60 www.americanjournal.org ATTITUDES OF YOUNG PEOPLE IN HEBRON GOVERNORATE TOWARDS SOURCES OF INFORMATION AND NEWS IN THE NEW MEDIA: FACEBOOK AND TWITTER PERSPECTİVE Abed Al-Qader Mohammad Al-Shrouf 1 , Belal abd elmjeed Khasawneh2 Hebron University –Palestine1, Cairo University abed.shrouf@gmail.com A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S The study aims to identify the attitudes of young people in Hebron Governorate towards the sources of information and news in the new media (Facebook and Twitter as a model) and to identify The most important cognitive, behavioral, and emotional influences that the new media creates on young people in Hebron Governorate, and the reasons for their interest in it? The analytical descriptive approach was adopted in this study, which describes the phenomenon in an accurate description The study population consisted of young people in the Hebron Governorate, and one of its most prominent questions was whether the youth in the governorate considered the new media as reliable sources in transmitting news, information and ideas? What are the reasons for young people's interest in the new media rather than the traditional media? found that the motives of young people's use of social media reached the highest motive, which is entertainment, at a rate of 76.7%, while the percentage of surfing news websites reached 73.3 %. The emotional effects reached 5%, and the total approval of young people’s trust in popular information on social networking pages amounted to 29.4%. Based on these results, the researcher recommends those in charge of social networking pages to pay attention to the factors that promote young people's use of these means, to pay attention to the contents that they publish constantly, to constantly review the content and content they contain, and to work to make these new media outlets concerned with educating young people in the first place and providing solutions about issues and problems they face. INTRODUCTION Young people, especially those in the millennial and Gen Z demographics, are increasingly turning to social media platforms such as Facebook and Twitter as sources of news and information[1] These platforms offer a variety of benefits, including easy access to a wide range of content, the ability to interact with other users, and the opportunity to share their own opinions and experiences [2], [3]. However, there are also several challenges associated with relying on social media for news and American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 12, May, 2023 P a g e | 61 www.americanjournal.org information[4]. For example, these platforms are often criticized for spreading misinformation and fake news, which can lead to confusion and distrust among users[5]–[7]. Additionally, young people may not always have the skills or knowledge necessary to critically evaluate the information they encounter online, which can lead to unintended consequences [8]. Despite these challenges, social media platforms like Facebook and Twitter remain popular among young people as sources of news and information. To address the challenges associated with these platforms, educators and media literacy programs can play an important role in helping young people develop the skills they need to navigate the new media landscape effectively and responsibly [9]. This includes teaching critical thinking skills, promoting media literacy, and encouraging young people to be thoughtful and discerning consumers of information [10]. However, based on studies conducted in the past few years, it can be said that young people in Hebron Governorate, like many other parts of the world, are increasingly turning to social media platforms such as Facebook and Twitter as sources of news and information [11]–[13] One study conducted in 2019 found that social media is the primary source of news for young Palestinians, with Facebook being the most commonly used platform. The study found that young people in Hebron Governorate were among the most active users of social media platforms for news consumption. Another study conducted in 2020 found that Twitter is also becoming an increasingly popular source of news for young people in Palestine, particularly for those interested in politics and social issues [14]. However, it is important to note that social media platforms can be prone to misinformation and fake news, and young people may not always have the skills or knowledge to critically evaluate the information they encounter online [15]. Therefore, it is important for educators and media literacy programs to help young people develop the skills they need to navigate the new media landscape effectively and responsibly. Study Problem This study problem would aim to explore the extent to which young people in Hebron Governorate are using social media platforms for news and information, as well as their attitudes and perceptions towards these platforms. The study could also examine the factors that influence young people's use of social media for news and information, such as age, gender, education level, and socio-economic status. The findings of this study could have important implications for media literacy programs and policies aimed at promoting responsible and effective use of social media platforms for news and information. Questions of study This study attempts to answer the following questions: • What are the reasons for the youth in Hebron's interest in the new media rather than the traditional media? • What are the most important cognitive, behavioral, and emotional influences that the new media creates on young people in Hebron Governorate? • Do young people in the city of Hebron consider the new media reliable sources in transmitting news, information and ideas?? American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 12, May, 2023 P a g e | 62 www.americanjournal.org • Monitoring aspects of positive and negative employment among young people in Hebron Governorate? Scientific of study Studying the attitudes of young people in Hebron Governorate towards using social media platforms, particularly Facebook and Twitter, as sources of news and information is important for several reasons: Understanding the role of social media in news consumption: Social media platforms have become a major source of news and information for many people, especially young people. By studying the attitudes and behaviors of young people in Hebron Governorate towards using these platforms for news, we can gain insights into the role that social media plays in shaping public opinion and discourse. Identifying potential challenges and risks: Social media platforms are often criticized for spreading misinformation and fake news, which can have serious consequences for individuals and society. By studying the attitudes of young people towards using social media for news and information, we can identify potential challenges and risks associated with these platforms and develop strategies to address them. Developing media literacy programs: Media literacy programs can play an important role in helping young people develop the skills they need to navigate the new media landscape effectively and responsibly. By studying the attitudes and behaviors of young people towards social media, we can develop more effective media literacy programs that address the specific challenges and risks associated with using social media for news and information. Informing policy decisions: The findings of this study can be used to inform policy decisions aimed at promoting responsible and effective use of social media platforms for news and information. For example, policymakers can use the findings to develop regulations and guidelines that promote transparency, accountability, and accuracy in social media news content. Objectives of the study 1. Knowing the reasons for the youth in Hebron city's interest in new media sources rather than the traditional media. 2. Know the impact of these new media on the behaviors and ethics of young people. 3. Identifying the role of youth motives for using new media in the city of Hebron. 4. To know whether the youth in the city of Hebron consider the new media as reliable sources in transmitting news, information and ideas Theoretical framework and previous studies 1. Concept of theory t is an intellectual conceptual framework that explains a set of scientific characteristics and facts and puts them in a coherent scientific format in this part of the study, the researcher deals with the theory of dependence on the media, as the beginning of this theory was linked to a group of studies, at the beginning of the twentieth century AD. [4], [13]–[15]In these studies, I emphasized the power of the media in influencing the individuals that provide information on various topics, There are a lot of areas where the audience goes on the media system to meet their cognitive goals , within the framework of the need to identify and clarify the social environment with knowledge that represents the prevailing meanings in this world , And the need to play in addition to the need for frank expression and escape American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 12, May, 2023 P a g e | 63 www.americanjournal.org from the daily problems , which the audience is exposed to and works to cause tension and anxiety for him, and these are all considered needs that the regime meets for the media to the public [16], [17]. Previous studies in this area have found that social media platforms such as Facebook and Twitter are increasingly being used as sources of news and information, particularly by young people[18] . However, there is also concern about the reliability and accuracy of information on social media platforms, as well as the potential for these platforms to reinforce existing biases and echo chambers [19]. Studies have also explored how social media platforms are being used to disseminate news and information in conflict-affected areas such as Hebron Governorate, where access to traditional media sources may be limited or censored [17]. In particular, studies have looked at how social media platforms are being used by activists and citizen journalists to report on events and share information with wider audiences. Overall, the theoretical framework for the study is likely to draw upon existing research on the role of social media in news and information dissemination, as well as the unique context of Hebron Governorate and the potential implications of social media use for young people in this region [20]–[22] . 2. Individuals depend on the media to achieve a variety of goals, including [23], [24]: 1. Information: One of the primary goals of individuals who consume media is to obtain information. This includes news about current events, local and global issues, weather reports, and other relevant information that can inform decision-making. 2. Entertainment: Many individuals turn to the media as a source of entertainment, whether through movies, TV shows, music, or social media platforms like TikTok or YouTube. 3. Socialization: Media can also serve as a way for individuals to connect with others and engage in social interactions. This includes social media platforms, online forums, and other digital spaces where individuals can share ideas, connect with others who share their interests, and form communities. 4. Education: Media can also serve as a tool for education, whether through documentaries, online courses, or educational programming. 5. Opinion Formation: Media can also shape individuals' opinions and attitudes on various issues, whether through news coverage or opinion pieces in newspapers or magazines. 6. Persuasion: The media can also be used as a tool for persuasion, whether through advertising, political messaging, or other forms of propaganda. Cognitive influences: It is represented in working on progress and overcoming the ambiguity resulting from the contradiction of information received by the individual or insufficient information, to understand the meanings of events and events, and to identify correct explanations and clarifications that represent the events themselves. With the completion of this information provided by these means, it becomes easy to imagine the responsibility of the media for the emergence and solution of the problem of ambiguity [25] . Emotional influences Such as feelings of love and hate, and others, they take different forms and in multiple contexts, and it appears that certain information is presented through media messages that affect the feelings of the audience and their response in the direction targeted by these messages [26]. American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 12, May, 2023 P a g e | 64 www.americanjournal.org Behavioral effects The change in direction A, beliefs or affective domains that everyone cares about, but as a degree of influence on clear behavior, and among the most important influences in this field are effectiveness and ineffectiveness, and the concept of effectiveness appears when the individual does what he would have done had he not been exposed to media messages and behavioral effects are The resulting end of cognitive or affective influences. Social interaction is one of the most widespread concepts in social science and psychology, and it represents the basis in the study of social science that works to clarify and reach the results of the interaction of the individual in the environment, how this interaction occurs and the aspects that affect it, such as customs, traditions, values, and trends [27]. It is the basis for many personality theories, learning theories, and psychotherapy. Social interaction generally represents a kind of influences and responses, and in the social sciences it refers to a series of influences and responses that cause a change in the parties involved in what they were at the beginning [28]. Clear and modified in their manner and behavior according to the responses that individuals respond to (Salah Abdel Hamid, 8, 2012) Man worked to devise ways through which he could communicate from a long time ago through various tools and various means , such as inscriptions and symbols on the walls of caves and the use of rising plumes of smoke , and he worked to employ carrier pigeons and train them to serve him in delivering his messages, ideas and information , to represent the beginning of postal tools for periods of time Then came the postal system , then paper newspapers in 1605 AD, until the radio was invented in the thirties of the nineteenth century, so that the world was on the verge of the beginning of great developments in the field of communication, then telegraph correspondence began in 1844 AD, which paved the way for the invention of the telephone, until it began to activate Fixed landline telephone service in 1900 AD, and after several serious attempts, the television set was invented, which developed to be broadcast in black and white, and the development continued until the Internet appeared in 1973, after the invention of the computer in the fifties of the twentieth century, when the Internet was launched In 1991 AD, and in 1994 AD, correspondence began to appear through the Internet using e-mail and sending text messages , then there were many pages and sites that provide the possibility of sending messages until the so-called social networking pages appeared, which provided a large and open possibility in the process of transferring information and ideas on wide open, This has been since the establishment of Facebook in 2004 AD, to be followed by Twitter after only two years, and social media today is still racing to lead the scene of its entitlement. To be the expressive feature of human communication in different languages, places, beliefs, and desires of people [29], [30]. 3. New media Facebook and Twitter Perspective New media "the content that is produced and distributed on the Internet platform and accessed by computer, laptop, mobile phone, and any other device that provides this possibility, and its types include Facebook, Twitter, electronic newspapers, YouTube, etc., as well as mobile applications such as Viber And WhatsApp and Instagram _ and tanko Telegram and other applications” (Ghalib Al- Daami 55, 2017) Social media platforms like Facebook and Twitter have fundamentally changed the way we consume and share information [31]. These platforms have created new opportunities for individuals to connect with others, share ideas, and stay informed about current events. In this article, we will explore the new media perspective of Facebook and Twitter and their impact on society. Facebook and Twitter are two of the most popular social media platforms, with billions of users American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 12, May, 2023 P a g e | 65 www.americanjournal.org worldwide. Both platforms allow individuals to share information, images, and videos, as well as interact with others through comments, likes, and shares [32]. Facebook has a more personal feel, allowing users to connect with friends and family, while Twitter is more public, allowing users to share their thoughts and opinions with a wider audience [33]. One of the key benefits of these platforms is the democratization of information. In the past, access to information was controlled by a few gatekeepers, such as journalists and media companies. However, social media platforms have allowed anyone with an internet connection to share their ideas and perspectives, potentially reaching a global audience. However, this democratization of information has also created new challenges. Social media platforms have been criticized for allowing the spread of misinformation and fake news, which can have serious consequences [1]. For example, false information about COVID-19 vaccines has spread rapidly on social media, leading to vaccine hesitancy and putting public health at risk.Social media platforms have also been accused of promoting filter bubbles and echo chambers, where individuals are only exposed to information that reinforces their existing beliefs and biases [19]. This can lead to a lack of understanding and empathy for opposing viewpoints and can contribute to polarization in society. Another issue with social media platforms is the potential for them to be used for hate speech and harassment. This can create a toxic environment and can have serious consequences for individuals' mental health and well-being. Despite these challenges, social media platforms like Facebook and Twitter continue to play a significant role in modern society [34]. They provide individuals with a platform to share their thoughts, connect with others, and stay informed about current events. These platforms have also been used to mobilize social movements and promote social change, as seen in the Arab Spring and Black Lives Matter protests [35]. Facebook site It is one of the modern means of social communication that made it easier for people to connect and communicate despite their different locations and times[36] . It is a website owned by the Facebook Company, as a public shareholding Mark Zuckerberg is one of the founders of this site, which aims to facilitate people's communication with each other and their interaction with regard to what is going on in terms of events and events. 2006, while 2008 was the year that witnessed the declaration of Ireland, and specifically the capital, Dublin, as the official headquarters of the Facebook company. Friends and the public, and the creation of personal pages, whether they are people or institutions, in addition to the direct video feature and the blocking feature, you can save any video, image, or link and watch it later at the times you want (Arabic website, 2019). Twitter site Twitter (Twitter ) is a social networking site , and it allows its followers By publishing short messages that other Twitter users can see, these messages are called tweets , and these messages can reach 14 0 characters, and Twitter was established in 2006, and the number of subscribers among Twitter users as of 2008 was from 4 to 5 Millions of users, and it was the third most popular social networking site after Facebook and MySpace , and Twitter users relied on the application for basic communication between friends and family, or as a tool for introducing a specific event , or as a tool for communication between companies and their customers (Encyclopedia Medicine 21, 2019 ) Twitter has become one of the most important social media platforms;[37]–[39] This is because it enables its users to learn about any new developments at the same time, about a specific topic or information they need, and American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 12, May, 2023 P a g e | 66 www.americanjournal.org this is done through the Twitter hashtags feature and the tweet is restricted to 140 characters, which is sometimes useful for the user as it reduces the effort of reading fewer words that It may be far from what he is looking for, and the user's Twitter page can also be used as a tool to promote his work, company, or skills (Wikit, 2020). Previous studies ➢ A study by Sahbi Sabiha (2017/2018) titled Algerian youth's attitudes towards news sources between traditional and new media. The study aims to reveal the attitudes of Algerian youth towards the traditional and new media in criticizing the news and to identify the means that Algerian youth are interested in and bored with between the traditional and the new. Where the study confirmed that respondents are mostly not interested in the newspaper as a source of news similar to the traditional means, and the study proved that Algerian youth have positive attitudes towards television as an important means of transmitting news. ➢ Tariq Khamis (2017) study the impact of new media on the reality of traditional journalism in Libya from the point of view of Libyan media professionals . This aimed to identify the impact of the new media on the traditional newspapers in Libya and to know the most used means of surfing the Internet and the Internet usage data intended for the new media. The president, which is what are the reflections of the new media on the traditional newspapers from the point of view of Libyan journalists, by surveying the opinions of those in charge of communication in the Libyan newspapers (the editors-in-chief of the newspapers, the director of the heads of sections and pages, the executives and others who need to be interviewed) about the importance of this radical shift in journalism from The world of paper to the world of electronic publishing, and the study concluded that the new media facilitated the public's participation in expressing their opinions more than the paper newspapers, and that the new media reduced the cost of advertisements in the paper newspapers. ➢ Basma Al-Husseini's (2018) study entitled: Youth Behaviors and Their Relationships to the Interactive Practices of New Media The study aimed to identify the impact of new media on the behavior and ethics of young people, and the media survey method was used in the study. or communicating with friends) in the first place, and the hypothesis that there is a statistically significant correlation between the dependence of young people on the new media and the impact of these means on their behavior has been proven correct. ➢ A study by Bin Thunayan Al-Saud (2011) entitled: The motives for the Saudi youth's use of social networks and the gratifications achieved from them. The study aimed to identify the level of Saudi university youth’s interest in social networks and the sources of knowledge of them, and to identify the motives for the Saudi university youth’s use of social networks and the gratifications achieved from that use. The study indicated that more than 95% of the study sample students use the Internet on a regular daily basis, of whom 42.6% use the Internet between 4-6 hours a day, compared to only 4.3% for students who do not use the Internet on a daily basis. Data sources and study methodology To investigate the attitudes of young people in Hebron Governorate towards sources of information and news in the new media, a mixed-methods research design was used. Both qualitative and quantitative data sources were utilized to gain a comprehensive understanding of the research topic. American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 12, May, 2023 P a g e | 67 www.americanjournal.org The study sample was be used in a simple random way, and then young people will be included in the sample so that the sample size is commensurate with the size of the study community, at a rate of approximately 15%-20%) of the total community size. The quantitative data was collected through a survey questionnaire that was distributed among a sample of young people in Hebron Governorate. The questionnaire was designed to gather information on the participants' demographic characteristics, their frequency of use of social media platforms like Facebook and Twitter, and their attitudes towards these platforms as sources of news and information. The survey questionnaire consisted of closed- ended questions with multiple-choice and Likert scale response options. A Likert scale is a rating scale that allows individuals to indicate their level of agreement or disagreement with a statement, typically ranging from strongly agree to strongly disagree [40], [41]. The questionnaire was administered online through social media platforms and email, and responses were collected and analyzed using statistical software. The limits of the study ➢ Objective boundaries: The study will be limited to the subject of "Youth Attitudes in Hebron City towards Information and News Sources in the New Media (Facebook and Twitter as a Model)" ➢ Spatial Boundaries: Youth in Hebron City - Palestine. ➢ Temporal limits: This study will be conducted in the academic year 2022/2023 Demographic data Table No. (1) Gender variable levels of change The ratio % Gender male 52.5% feminine 47.5% The results showed, according to the previous table, that the percentage of males from the study sample is the highest at 52.5% , while the percentage of females reached 47.5% . . Table No. (2) Age group Age group the level The ratio % 18-23 82% 24-28 8.2% 29-34 3.3% 35-40 6.6% The results showed that the highest age group to answer the study questions was from 18-23 , with a rate of 82% of the study sample, while the percentage of those between the ages of 24-28 reached 8.2% , followed by those between the ages of 29-34, with a rate of 3.3%. 35-40 , and they are the lowest, at 6.6%. . Table No. (4) Address Address nature The ratio village 44.3% city 39.3% camp 16.4% American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 12, May, 2023 P a g e | 68 www.americanjournal.org From the previous table, it was found that the study sample who lived in the village was the largest, at a rate of 44.3% , while the percentage of those who lived in the city was 39.3 , and the percentage of those who lived in the camp was 16.4% . Q2: What are the reasons for the youth in Hebron governorate's interest in the new media rather than the traditional media? ➢ Do you use Facebook? Table No. (5) use Facebook The answer The ratio% Yes 90.2% no 1.6% sometimes 8.2% The results showed through the previous table that the percentage of those who use Facebook by answering yes was the highest at 90.2% , while those who did not use Facebook reached 1.6% and sometimes 8.2% . ➢ D you use Twitter ? Table No. ( 6) use twitter the answer The ratio % Yes 34.4% no 19.7% sometimes 45.9% The results showed through the previous table that the percentage of those who use Twitter With an answer of yes, it reached 34.4 %, while those who do not use Twitter Their percentage reached 19.7 % and sometimes it reached 45.9 %. ➢ How long do you spend on social networking sites? Table No. (8) Time spend on social networking sites answer The ratio % two hoursLess than 18% From two to three hours 29.5% more than three hours 52.5% The results show that the time that young people spend on social networking sites is less than two hours, at a rate of 18% , while young people spend from two hours to a rate of 29.5% . It was found that those who spend more than three hours amounted to 52.5% . ➢ The means used for social media? Table No. (9) means used for social media the answer The ratio % computer 3.3% smart device 91.8% Tablet device 4.9% The results show that the most frequently used tools are the smart device with a rate of 91.8%, followed by the tablet with a rate of 4.9% , followed by the computer with a rate of 3.3%. . ➢ What are your motives for using social media? More than one answer can be chosen American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 12, May, 2023 P a g e | 69 www.americanjournal.org Table No. (10) motives for using social media answer The ratio % Browse news sites 73.3% Browse scholarly websites 58.3% Contact with the outside world 50% entertainment 76.7% up and discussion of-Follow political issues 33.3% way to improve theA good professional and career field 33.3% talking with friends 68.3% An opportunity to show my talents 20% The results showed from the previous table that the motives for young people's use of social media reached the highest motive, which is entertainment at a rate of 76.7% , while the percentage of surfing news websites reached a rate of 76.7%. 73.3% followed by the motive of talking with friends at a rate of 68.3% , while the motive of browsing scientific websites reached 58.3% , and the motive of communicating with the outside world reached 50% , and following up and discussing political issues reached 33.3 % . And the career rate is 33.3% , in addition to the opportunity to show talents 20% . Q3: What are the features of social networking sites that make you attracted to them (can choose more than one answer)? Table No. (11) features of social networking sites Answer The ratio % Ease of use 86.4% The speed of displaying the content 64.4% Low cost 49.2% issuesFreedom to raise 25.4% How to display information and news 39% The results from this table show that the most prominent features of social networking sites that attract the public reached the highest rate, which is ease of use at a rate of 86.4%, followed by speed in displaying content at a rate of 64.4%, while the percentage of low cost reached 49.2%, while the freedom to raise issues reached 25.4 The way news and information are presented 39 %. Q4: What are the most important cognitive, behavioral, and emotional influences that the new media creates on young people in Hebron Governorate? Table No. (12) exposure to social media on your personality. the answer The ratio % behavioral effects 21.7% Cognitive effects 73.3% Sentimental effects 5% American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 12, May, 2023 P a g e | 70 www.americanjournal.org The results show through the previous table that the effects of exposure to social media reached the highest rate of cognitive effects at 73.3% , while the behavioral effects reached 21.7% , followed by emotional effects at 5% . . Do you see the cognitive impact of social networking sites? Table No. (13)impact of social networking sites the answer The ratio Satisfying the lack of information through exposure means 43.3% issues inFormation of trends in different fields 25% Organize your goals and needs according to your priorities 20% The media reinforce the importance of societal values 11.7% The results from the previous table show that the cognitive effect on social networking sites is: Satisfying the lack of information through exposure to means at a rate of the highest amounted to 43.3% , while the percentage of forming trends in various issues reached 25% while the percentage of organizing their goals and needs are according to your priorities 20% , and the percentage of enhancing the importance of societal values reached 11.7% . Q5: Monitoring aspects of the positive and negative use of the new media among young people in Hebron Governorate? Table No. (16) Positive aspects of new media Strongly Disagree OK neutral not agree Strongly Disagree She worked on educating me in various fields 27.8 44.2 22.9 1.6 0 Help showcase talents and achievements 21.3 50.8 24.5 0 0 people's culturesLearn about 31.1 47.5 16.3 0 1.6 It does not require the person to be available and active 24.5 49.1 21.3 1.6 0 It saved me a lot of time in accessing the information 44.2 34.4 14.7 1.6 1.6 The results in the previous table showed that the new media helps to display talents and achievements, with the highest approval rate reaching 50.8% , followed by strongly agreeing at 21.3% , while the media worked on educating in various fields with an approval rate of 44.2 , followed by strongly agreeing. With a rate of 27.8% , the media worked to help the public get to know the cultures of peoples, with an approval rate of 47.5%, followed by a strong approval rate of 31.1% , while it does not require that the person be available and active, with an approval rate of 49.1% , followed by a strong approval rate of 24.5% . I have a lot of time to access the information with an approval rating American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 12, May, 2023 P a g e | 71 www.americanjournal.org of 34.4% , followed by strongly agreeing with a rate of 44.2% , while the percentage of opposition was represented in all items of non-agree and strongly disagree from 0% to 1.6% . Table No. (17) Negative aspects of new media Strongly Agree OK neutral not agree Strongly Disagree Deceptive advertising broadcast 44.2 40.9 13.1 0 0 ethicalRetreat the boundaries and constraints 45.9 32.7 16.3 1.6 1.6 I increased isolation 34.4 36 18 8.1 1.6 Exposure of people to health problems such as poor eyesight 31.1 44.2 16.3 4.9 1.6 addiction to use 44.2 36 14.7 1.6 1.6 The results in the previous table showed that the negative aspects of the new media were broadcasting deceptive advertisements with an approval rate of 40.9%, followed by a strong approval rate of 44.2% , while the decline in ethical limits and restrictions amounted to an approval rate of 32.7% , followed by a strong approval of 45.9% . While it worked to increase isolation with an approval rate of 36% , followed by a strong approval of 34.4%. It also works to expose people to health problems such as poor eyesight, with an approval rate of 44.2%, followed by a strong approval rate of 31.1% . The percentage of addiction to its use reached a degree of approval of 36% , followed by a percentage of Strong approval was 44.2% , while the percentage of disagreement and strong disagreement ranged from 0 % to 8.1%. . Q7: Do young people in the city of Hebron consider the new media as reliable sources? Table No. (18) New media as reliable sources Strongly Agree OK neutral not agree Strongly Disagree Popular information on social media pages be trustedcan 9.8 19.6 31.1 34.4 4.9 Exclusive news contains its official sources 11.4 40.9 32.7 13.1 1.6 I was criticized for circulating incorrect information on social media 11.4 22.9 14.7 40.9 9.8 Information published on social networking pages cannot be trusted 19.6 36 37.7 4.9 1.6 The information includes pictures and facts that always prove healthy in social networking sites 13.1 34.4 32.7 13.1 4.9 The results in the previous table showed that the percentage of trust in popular information on social networking pages reached an approval rate of 19.6% , followed by a strong approval rate of 9.8%, American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 12, May, 2023 P a g e | 72 www.americanjournal.org while a disapproval rate reached 34.4% , followed by a strong disapproval of 4.9% . containment of exclusive news on their official sources reached an approval rate of 40.% , followed by strong disapproval of 11.4 % . The disapproval rate reached 13.1% , followed by the strong disapproval at a rate of 1.6% . While the percentage of public exposure to criticism for disseminating incorrect information on social media reached an approval rate of 22.9% , followed by a strong approval of 11.4% , while a disapproval rate of 40.9% , followed by a strong disapproval rate of 9.8%. . trusting information published on social networking pages reached 36% , followed by strong approval at a rate of 19.6% , while disapproval reached 4.9% , followed by strongly disapproval at a rate of 1.6% . . The results show that communication and new media sites include information, pictures and facts that always prove true in social networking sites, with an approval rate of 34.4% , followed by strong approval at a rate of 13.1% , while disagreement amounted to 13.1% , followed by strong disagreement at a rate of 4.9% . Recommendations 1. Carrying out more studies and scientific research that are interested and directed to identify the impact of new media on young people due to the existence of successive and rapid developments in this modern field. 2. Those in charge of social networking pages should pay attention to the factors that promote young people’s use of these means, pay attention to the contents that they constantly publish, and constantly review the materials they contain. 3. Work to make these new media interested in educating young people in the first place and presenting solutions and proposals about issues and problems. 4. Conducting extended studies over different periods of time that monitor the nature of the cognitive, behavioral and emotional effects that social networking pages have on the audience. Conclusion & Future studies The study aims to identify the attitudes of young people in the Hebron Governorate towards sources of information and news in the new media (Facebook and Twitter as a model) and to identify the most important cognitive, behavioral, and emotional effects that the new media creates on the youth in the Hebron governorate and the reasons for their acceptance of it.Where the descriptive analytical approach was adopted in this study, which describes the phenomenon accurately, and the study population consists of young people in the Hebron Governorate, whose main questions were whether the youth in the governorate consider the new media as reliable sources in conveying news , information and ideas? What are the reasons for young people's interest in the new media rather than the traditional media? The study found that the motives of young people's use of social media reached the highest motive, which is entertainment by 76.7%, while the percentage of browsing news websites reached 73.3%. It also found that the percentage of cognitive effects was the highest percentage, amounting to 73.3%, while the percentage of behavioral effects reached 21.7%, followed by emotional effects by 5%, and the total approval of youth trust in information popular on social media. media pages amounted to 29.4%? Based on these results, the researcher recommends those in charge of social networking pages to pay attention to the factors that encourage youth to use these means and to pay attention to the contents that they publish constantly, and to constantly review the content and content they contain. , and work to make these new media outlets concerned with educating young people in American Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 12, May, 2023 P a g e | 73 www.americanjournal.org the first place and providing solutions on issues and the problems they face.Investigating the impact of social media algorithms on the news and information that users are exposed to. Social media algorithms determine the content that appears in users' newsfeeds, which can potentially contribute to filter bubbles and echo chambers [7], [42]. 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