



































International Journal of Biological Engineering and Agriculture


American Journal of Science and  

Learning for Development 
 

Volume 1 | No 2 | Dec-2022 

 

 

 
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Influence of the Perfective Working Body of Fiber Cleaning Machines 

on the Aerodynamic Parameters 

 
 
1
Alisher Abdusamatov, Ph.D, 

2 
Aybek Mavlyanov, Ph.D 

 

 
1
Student, Tashkent institute of textile and light industry 

2
 docent,

 
Tashkent institute of textile and light industry 

  
  
 

Abstract: The modernization of process control methods, the development of automated methods for 

designing equipment and technologies, and the development of automated control systems for the 

cotton processing process. Currently, due to the improvement of machines for cleaning cotton fiber, 

which are developed according to the technology of primary processing of cotton, one of the urgent 

issues is to ensure the production of high-quality fiber. Taking this into account, it is necessary to 

conduct a constructive analysis of the fiber cleaning equipment and develop an effective design. In 

view of this, this study was aimed at improving the aerodynamic parameters of a fiber cleaner on the 

basis of theoretical and applied research by creating and experimenting new saw blade construction. 

In process of the research, methods are used optimization by theoretical statistics, evaluation and 

target electronic programs, theoretical and applied mechanics, higher mathematics and vibration 

theory. Aerodynamic equilibrium of a freely rotating saw cylinder due to the presence of friction 

forces arising between the saw blades and air and atmospheric pressure cannot be overcome by 

centrifugal forces acting on the air mass during rotation. This justification makes it possible to 

explain the reason for the industry's refusal of the cleaning rate at 1000 min-1 and its transition to 

1500 min-1. For the normal operation of the fiber cleaning machine, it is necessary that the saw 

cylinder, taking air on the cleaning arc. 
 
Keywords: fiber cleaner, saw cylinder, saw blade, air flow, and aerodynamic parameters. 

 

Introduction. In developed countries, the modernization of process control methods, the 

development of automated methods for designing equipment and technologies, and the development 

of automated control systems for the cotton processing process [1-9]. Currently, due to the 

improvement of machines for cleaning cotton fiber, which are developed according to the technology 

of primary processing of cotton, one of the urgent issues is to ensure the production of high-quality 

fiber. Taking this into account, it is necessary to conduct a constructive analysis of the fiber cleaning 

equipment and develop an effective design [10-16]. 

To maintain the quality of fiber and seeds produced by researchers, cotton is repeatedly cleaned from 

small impurities up to 32 times [17], although in fact that cotton can be cleaned from large impurities 

up to four times and from small impurities up to 20 times [18]. Moreover, the cleaning efficiency of 

the demand level is below 90-95%, and the amount of residual impurities in the fiber is not cleaned 

at the required level. The complexity of the problem lies in the fact that now the maximum number 

of cotton cleaners in the equipment for cleaning from small and large impurities in cotton factories 

largely requires the installation of additional filters that increase the cleaning efficiency, leading to a 

sharp increase in the number of impurities with fiber defects. Therefore, the efficiency of cotton 

cleaning should be carried out without additional mechanical impact on it [19, 20]. 

In one of the scientific studies to improve the efficiency of cleaning cotton, which are on the 

assembly machine, a special structural guide device is installed on the equipment in order to improve 



 

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the equipment for cleaning fibers used in cotton-cleaning mill. Recommendations were given for the 

introduction of a directional device in a special design into production [21-23]. 

Other study presented the results of a fiber cleaner developed and implemented at the Buz cotton-

cleaning mill to determine the technological performance indicators depending on the rotation speed 

of the saw cylinders and the aerodynamic mode of operation [24]. 

In addition, fiber cleaning in direct-flow cleaners takes place in aerodynamic flows; the 

technological parameters of the machine depend on the aerodynamic mode of operation. The saw 

cylinders of the fiber cleaner not only clean the fiber, but also perform a number of aerodynamic 

functions associated with the interaction of several different air flows. Therefore, the scheme of 

movement of air masses inside the fiber cleaner is a rather complex phenomenon and has not been 

fully studied [25]. In view of this, this study was aimed at improving the aerodynamic parameters of 

a fiber cleaner on the basis of theoretical and applied research by creating and experimenting new 

saw blade construction [26, 27]. 

Materials and methods. The object of research is cotton cleaning mills, fiber cleaner (fig.1), 

aerodynamic parameters. The properties of fibers in the composition of cotton fibers and semi-

finished products are determined using the laboratory equipment of AFIS PRO 2 of the company 

“Oster”. At the same time in the laboratory equipment it is possible to determine the length L(n), 

endings (Neps/g), the amount of thick fibers (SFC n, SFC w), linear density (Fineness), the amount 

of mature (ripened) fiber (Muturity), the amount of dead fiber (IFC), the amount of dust (Duct Cnt), 

pollution (Trash Cnt), visible large impurities (VFM). With the help of the above laboratory 

equipment, the quality indicators of the cotton obtained from the existing and improved fibers are 

studied [27].  

The effect of the fiber on aerodynamic parameters of the working bodies in t cleaning process is 

calculated based on the values contained in the tables 1, 2 below [28]. 

Table 1. Air density depending at different temperatures 

t, °С -30 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 10 15 20 30 

ρ, kg/m
3
 1,453 1,395 1,369 1,342 1,318 1,293 1,247 1,226 1,205 1,165 

 

Table 2. Kinematic viscosity of air at different temperatures 
 

t, °С -20 -15 -10 -5 0 10 15 20 

ν·10
-6

, m
2
/s 11,61 12,02 12,43 12,86 13,28 14,16 14,61 15,06 

 

In process of the research, methods are used optimization by theoretical statistics, evaluation and 

target electronic programs, theoretical and applied mechanics, higher mathematics and vibration 

theory, theory of mechanisms and machines, mathematical modeling of working processes of 

technological machines, mathematical statistics and mathematical calculations [31]. 

Types of variables are independent – cotton fiber, dependent – saw cylinder (fig.2), controlled – fiber 

cleaning machine 1ВП (fig.1). 



 

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Fig.2. Technological process scheme of 1ВП fiber cleaner 

1-inlet pipe of fiber; 2, 7, 8-saw cylinder; 3-grinding brush; 4-fire-grate; 5-separating knife; 6. outlet 

pipe of fiber; 9-chute of impurity; 10-guide; 11-air blind 

Fig.2. Saw cylinder of fiber cleaning machine 

1 – shaft; 2 – lock nut; 3 – taper washer; 4 – saw blade; 5 - inlay 

Analysis of research results. In the process of studying the effect of working bodies on the 

aerodynamic parameters of fiber cleaning machines, it is important to calculate the air flow 

generated around the cylinder with the saw in the process.  

The air flows formed in the fiber cleaner have a significant impact on the process of separating weed 

impurities from the fibers. Consider the air flows created by the saw cylinder during its rotation. The 

movement of the fiber strand depends on which flow is laminar or turbulent, which will directly 

affect the cleaning process. During the rotation of the disk, air flows move along its side surfaces. 

They have a laminar character at low rotational speeds, and at higher velocities – turbulent. Laminar 

air flow over the disk is possible at a Reynolds number < 100000. 

Re = ωr
2
/ν       (1) 

where ω - the angular velocity of rotation of the disk, rpm; r - the current radius of the disk, m; ν - 

the kinematic viscosity of the air, m
2
/s. 

From formula (1), the maximum radius of the laminar flow zone will be 

       (2) 

Take ν = 15.06 •10
-6

, m
2
/s. Knowing that ω = πn/30, we rewrite equation (2) 

 

When the fiber cleaner is in operation, the saw rotates at a frequency of n = 1500 rpm, with rmax = 

0.153m = 153 mm (Fig.3). 

As you can see, there is no laminar flow outside the saw blade ∅310 mm. 
 

n, rpm 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 

rmax, m 0.176 0.153 0.124 0.111 0.102 

 



 

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Fig.3. Chart of the number of rotations and the linkage of the chainwheel rotation radius to the 

fiber cleaning efficiency 

This justification makes it possible to explain the reason for the industry's refusal of the cleaning rate 

at 1000 min
-1

 and its transition to 1500 min
-1

. An increase in the number of revolutions gives an 

increase in the cleansing effect, which has been proven by repeated experiments (Fig. 4). 

An increasing in the number of revolutions gives an improve in the cleaning effect, which has been 

proven by repeated experiments. 

With the rotation speed of the saw cylinder over 1750 rpm, an unacceptable increase in its vibration 

is observed. 

Fig. 4. The increase in the cleaning effect as a result of a change in the number of rotation of the saw 

cylinder depends on the amount of fiber contained in K and waste B 

Equilibrium conditions of the fiber strands on the saw teeth with an arbitrary direction of the air flow 

to the fiber (Fig. 6).  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 



 

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Fig. 5. Determination of self-extracting γ angle of fiber 

Applying the d'Alembert’s principle and projecting the forces acting on the fiber on the x and y axes, 

we obtain for uniform rotation of the saw blade [35] 

 

The aerodynamic equilibrium of a freely rotating saw cylinder due to the presence of friction forces 

arising between the saw blades and air and atmospheric pressure cannot be overcome by centrifugal 

forces acting on the air mass during rotation. In Fig. 5, the elementary volume of air can be 

expressed as follows: 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fig.5. Scheme for determining the volume of air in the suction cup 

For the normal operation of the fiber cleaning machine, it is necessary that the saw cylinder, taking 

air on the cleaning arc, has the ability to discharge it. 

Discussion. With an increase in the rotation frequency of the saw cylinder, the diameter of the 

laminar flow decreases, therefore, the saw teeth and grates are located in the boundary zone of the 

turbulent flow. If the strand moved in the zone of a confident turbulent flow, then such a flow would 

contribute to the unraveling of the strand of fibers, thereby facilitating the release of weed impurities 

due to the strength of their connection with the fibers. Aerodynamic equilibrium of a freely rotating 

saw cylinder due to the presence of friction forces arising between the saw blades and air and 

atmospheric pressure cannot be overcome by centrifugal forces acting on the air mass during 

rotation. 

Conclusion. This paper shows that as a result of the influence of working bodies of fiber cleaning 

machine on aerodynamic parameters. When the fiber cleaner is in operation, the saw rotates at a 

frequency of n = 1500 rpm, with rmax = 0.153m ≈ 155 mm. As you can see, there is no laminar flow 

outside the saw blade ∅310 mm. This justification makes it possible to explain the reason for the 

industry's refusal of the cleaning rate at 1000 min
-1

 and its transition to 1500 min
-1

. 

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