International Journal of Biological Engineering and Agriculture American Journal of Science and Learning for Development Volume 1 | No 2 | Dec-2022 Published by inter-publishing.com | All rights reserved. © 2022 Journal Homepage: https://inter-publishing.com/index.php/IJISE Page 139 Methods and Means of Forming Technological Skills of Primary School Students Tilavova Matlab Muhammedovna 1 , Hojiyeva Nasiba Bahodirovna 2 1 Bukhara State University 2 Bukhara State Pedagogical Institute Abstract: In the article, the methods and means of forming the technological skills of elementary school students, the formation of the student's technological competence, literacy, worldview and culture, the set of technological knowledge and skills, the qualities of work, citizenship and patriotism are discussed. led by. Keywords: Technology, skill, primary class, method, tool, competence, outlook, culture, knowledge, labor, patriotism, student. The process of renewal and modernization in the field of education in our country is continuous in all parts of the education system, including in higher education, the training of mature specialists who can meet the requirements of the times, the formation of new knowledge and skills in them, their own working on it requires improving the ability to purposefully use the achievements of modern technology. Based on the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PF-5712 dated April 29, 2019, a number of plans and projects were developed based on the "Concept of the Development of the Public Education System of the Republic of Uzbekistan until 2030". In the world practice of the education system, the introduction of modern information and communication technologies based on the individualization of the teaching methodology and the competence approach is considered as a leading factor in ensuring the quality of education. In particular, the adoption of the Concept "Development of the public education system of the Republic of Uzbekistan until 2030" opened the door to major reforms in the field of education in our country. Concepts and curricula were edited and modified by Methodists and leaders in the ministries and brought to the state of the general complex. This complex is a unified concept of the continuous education system in the field of technology, concepts for the preschool education system, the curriculum for grades 1-9 of general secondary education, initial professional education, i.e., 2-year education for vocational schools. "The National Curriculum of Continuing Education of the Republic of Uzbekistan in Technology" is a complex consisting of the curriculum and the curricula of higher pedagogical education. The end of the 20th century is marked by the beginning of the formation of a new technological society, where technological knowledge and skills began to play a special role. This led to the emergence of a new technology - "Technology" in the curricula of schools in many developed countries of the world. Replacing traditional labor education, technology has become a must-learn for future builders and tailors, future bankers, doctors, actors and other professionals. Technology is the field of knowledge, methods and tools used for optimal transformation and use of matter (materials), energy and information in accordance with the plan and for the benefit of man, society and nature. American Journal of Science and Learning for Development Volume 1, No 2| Dec - 2022 Published by inter-publishing.com | All rights reserved. © 2022 Journal Homepage: http://inter-publishing.com/index.php/AJSLD Page 140 The ability to understand, use and manage technology, problem solving skills, creativity, awareness, flexibility of thinking and enterprise development constitute technological literacy. Technological competence consists of technological competences, the ability to use various methods and means of changing materials, energy, and information, to calculate economic efficiency and the possible environmental consequences of technological activity, to draw up one's life and professional plans. 'implies mastery. The active participation of young people in the development of science and technology requires not only the content of education, but also the method and organization of the teaching process, their interest in teaching, their creative ability, and the ability to apply their knowledge in practice. This gives the school the task of instilling the need for creativity in young people, teaching them creative skills, the basics of creative approach to any activity, and the ability to independently solve creative problems. The correct organization of the science of technology should teach students to overcome difficulties, to work hard to achieve the set goal, not to abandon the work started, but to finish it. Here, it is very important that students show positive results: joy, pleasure and satisfaction from work. The importance of teaching technology education is not limited to providing the opportunity to acquire labor skills, but it is necessary to recognize that these skills are needed for everyone. People participating in many academic councils would not have been so successful if they did not know how to do the chores of life: cooking, mending clothes, keeping things tidy, and so on. Teaching technology education should be carried out in accordance with the general requirements of modern pedagogic work and its methods. Teaching methods are the methods of the teacher and students, with the help of which the teacher achieves the acquisition of knowledge, skills and competencies by students. A teacher can use different teaching methods in his experience. The teacher's aspiration and behavior should be aimed at keeping the students' attention in the lesson, concentrating their thoughts, and their closeness. The teacher should value every moment of the lesson and teach the students to do the same. Each teacher is given the right to have his own style, the uniqueness of his method. However, it can be said that all this can be achieved only when they acquire solid knowledge, truths that are obvious to everyone at a glance. Teachers who want to devote their lives to teaching work should begin their career by mastering this well-known fact. They should learn from the very beginning to check what they have learned, explain a new topic, and reinforce what they have learned by using conversation, telling, and practical exercises in classes. It is possible to apply a new one only after mastering the truths known to everyone and taking into account the capabilities of the class. Skills and competence acquired in a blindly approximate way are narrow and cannot be thorough. The choice of practical tasks should be subordinated to the tasks of raising the theoretical and practical level of labor readiness. Assignments given to students should form their skills in creative research, education and working with literature. In primary grades, the content, size, and methods of work materials should correspond to the stage of preparation of students. It will not be appropriate to simply simplify the delivery of educational materials to students. Going in this way cannot ensure the mental development of students. It is advisable to study each topic from simple to complex. Many teachers are using different methods and methods of teaching, as well as organizing interesting extracurricular activities, achieving good learning results and instilling love and interest in knowledge. Such teachers, while teaching manual labor, teach students knowledge and skills in the field of life, help them develop creative abilities, interest in learning, and independent activity. Teaching methods should serve the acquisition of knowledge at such a level that students can draw the object according to any size and apply the acquired knowledge in practice, not based on the dimensions drawn by the teacher. The main system of methods used in teaching manual labor is as follows: American Journal of Science and Learning for Development Volume 1, No 2| Dec - 2022 Published by inter-publishing.com | All rights reserved. © 2022 Journal Homepage: http://inter-publishing.com/index.php/AJSLD Page 141 1. Oral presentation. 2. Explanation and storytelling. 3. Conversation. 4. Exercises. 5. Practical work. 6. Independent works. 7. Excursion. 8. Work with the book. 9. Technical means. The oral presentation method can take two forms: 1. Making a monologue. Only the teacher speaks, and the students perceive and understand his speech. In manual work classes, it takes the form of explanation and storytelling, instruction. 2. Method of dialogic narration. This is a mutual conversation between the teacher and the students. Explaining and telling stories. In this method, the material is presented vividly and figuratively. In this case, the teacher himself gives new knowledge. Sometimes during the conversation it is appropriate to ask students questions in order to find out how much they are learning. The story will be much more understandable if it is done by showing the completed works, natural pictures, photographs and the like. In this case, the rule "show and explain" is followed when explaining. When describing new material, it is necessary to assume that students are not the same. Special attention should be paid to the assimilators in the explanation. In the process of telling a story, in order to activate their understanding, one or two questions can be asked about the material being explained. The interview method can be used for various educational purposes, i.e., in the process of repetition to describe the new program material, to plan and deepen knowledge, to check the knowledge of students. In this way, it is useful to arouse curiosity in students and ask questions. A conversation, like a story, must meet certain requirements, namely:  questions should be formulated in such a way that they activate students' thinking, encourage them to search for a clear and convincing answer;  in order to be consistent in revealing the topic, the plan of the interview must necessarily include pre-planned questions;  it is necessary to determine in advance which arguments and conclusions the attention of the students will be focused on. The conversation should help in deep and conscious mastering of the educational material, serve as a tool in the formation of the skills and abilities of conscious planning of the future practical work in students, and help inculcate the skills of practical application of the acquired knowledge. Exercises are held to strengthen knowledge and skills. In order to strengthen skills and competences, the teacher gives the students various exercises, in which he organizes creative works and refers to exercises that require more independence. The essence of this method is the conscious repetition of increasingly complex methods and actions. Exercises are mass and individual, that is, the same work can be done in the whole group and all students can do different things. Since the characteristic feature of the exercises is the repetition of the same action, it is required to keep the interest of the students in the work being done. Exercises at the end, it is necessary to analyze the cases, based on the analysis of the best cases, to show who achieved what results. At the same time, it is necessary to dwell on the shortcomings and explain what needs to be done to improve the quality of work or increase the speed of execution. American Journal of Science and Learning for Development Volume 1, No 2| Dec - 2022 Published by inter-publishing.com | All rights reserved. © 2022 Journal Homepage: http://inter-publishing.com/index.php/AJSLD Page 142 Practical work. This method helps to teach students how to apply their knowledge in practice. It is of great educational importance for students to independently draw up a plan for carrying out practical work. The performance of visual aids by students can also be included in practical work. It helps to consolidate the acquired knowledge. Independent work. These are works that are performed without the direct participation of the teacher, but at a time specially allocated by his assignment. In this place, students use their aspirations and express the results of their mental and physical actions in one form or another and consciously try to achieve the goal set in the task. Starting from the first lessons, work should be organized in such a way that students feel that there should be an organic connection between theoretical knowledge and practical skills in order to acquire manual labor. Formation of students' skills should not be separated from conscious activity. In the process of performing independent work, along with the formation of skills, students test their strength, knowledge and abilities. The wide use of independent work helps to develop students' creative approach to work, their interest in learning, and the ability to apply the acquired knowledge in practice. Excursion is one of the main methods of technology education. During the excursion, students get acquainted with various production equipment, observe and study labor and production processes. Organizing excursions to various labor facilities, familiarizing students with working people, the equipment they use, the organization of the labor process and the products produced, samples of new equipment and modern production technology, advanced work methods and it can be organized for the purpose of studying the methods of scientific organization of work. Excursion plays an important role in increasing interest in learning, instilling in students a sense of independence and learning about life. It will be more effective if the production representatives also participate in conducting the tours. During the excursion, students will get to know the production technology. Before conducting the excursion, it is necessary to set specific goals for the students, and after the excursion, conduct a question-and-answer session. 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