id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
ajtas-3090	1	1	american	american	PROPN
ajtas-3090	1	2	journal	journal	PROPN
ajtas-3090	1	3	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	1	4	technology	technology	NOUN
ajtas-3090	1	5	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	1	6	applied	apply	VERB
ajtas-3090	1	7	sciences	sciences	PROPN
ajtas-3090	1	8	issn	issn	X
ajtas-3090	1	9	(	(	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	1	10	e	e	NOUN
ajtas-3090	1	11	):	):	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	1	12	2832	2832	NUM
ajtas-3090	1	13	-	-	SYM
ajtas-3090	1	14	1766	1766	NUM
ajtas-3090	1	15	volume	volume	NOUN
ajtas-3090	1	16	40	40	NUM
ajtas-3090	1	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	1	18	september	september	PROPN
ajtas-3090	1	19	2025	2025	NUM
ajtas-3090	1	20	p	p	NOUN
ajtas-3090	1	21	a	a	DET
ajtas-3090	1	22	g	g	NOUN
ajtas-3090	1	23	e	e	NOUN
ajtas-3090	1	24	|	|	ADV
ajtas-3090	1	25	7	7	NUM
ajtas-3090	1	26	www.americanjournal.org	www.americanjournal.org	NOUN
ajtas-3090	1	27	improving	improve	VERB
ajtas-3090	1	28	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	1	29	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajtas-3090	1	30	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	1	31	railway	railway	NOUN
ajtas-3090	1	32	track	track	NOUN
ajtas-3090	1	33	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
ajtas-3090	1	34	enterprises	enterprise	NOUN
ajtas-3090	1	35	allabergenov	allabergenov	VERB
ajtas-3090	1	36	sherzod	sherzod	PROPN
ajtas-3090	1	37	maksudbayevich	maksudbayevich	PROPN
ajtas-3090	1	38	director	director	NOUN
ajtas-3090	1	39	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	1	40	rail	rail	NOUN
ajtas-3090	1	41	welding	weld	VERB
ajtas-3090	1	42	llc	llc	PROPN
ajtas-3090	1	43	no	no	INTJ
ajtas-3090	1	44	.	.	PROPN
ajtas-3090	1	45	14	14	NUM
ajtas-3090	1	46	under	under	ADP
ajtas-3090	1	47	uzbekistan	uzbekistan	PROPN
ajtas-3090	1	48	railways	railway	VERB
ajtas-3090	1	49	a	a	DET
ajtas-3090	1	50	b	b	PROPN
ajtas-3090	1	51	s	s	ADP
ajtas-3090	1	52	t	t	PROPN
ajtas-3090	1	53	r	r	NOUN
ajtas-3090	1	54	a	a	DET
ajtas-3090	1	55	c	c	NOUN
ajtas-3090	1	56	t	t	NOUN
ajtas-3090	1	57	k	k	X
ajtas-3090	1	58	e	e	PROPN
ajtas-3090	1	59	y	y	PROPN
ajtas-3090	1	60	w	w	NOUN
ajtas-3090	1	61	o	o	NOUN
ajtas-3090	1	62	r	r	NOUN
ajtas-3090	1	63	d	d	PROPN
ajtas-3090	1	64	s	s	NOUN
ajtas-3090	1	65	railway	railway	NOUN
ajtas-3090	1	66	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
ajtas-3090	1	67	plays	play	VERB
ajtas-3090	1	68	a	a	DET
ajtas-3090	1	69	critical	critical	ADJ
ajtas-3090	1	70	role	role	NOUN
ajtas-3090	1	71	in	in	ADP
ajtas-3090	1	72	ensuring	ensure	VERB
ajtas-3090	1	73	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	1	74	sustainability	sustainability	NOUN
ajtas-3090	1	75	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	1	76	competitiveness	competitiveness	NOUN
ajtas-3090	1	77	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	1	78	transport	transport	NOUN
ajtas-3090	1	79	systems	system	NOUN
ajtas-3090	1	80	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	2	1	however	however	ADV
ajtas-3090	2	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	2	3	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	2	4	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajtas-3090	2	5	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	2	6	track	track	NOUN
ajtas-3090	2	7	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
ajtas-3090	2	8	enterprises	enterprise	NOUN
ajtas-3090	2	9	remains	remain	VERB
ajtas-3090	2	10	a	a	DET
ajtas-3090	2	11	key	key	ADJ
ajtas-3090	2	12	challenge	challenge	NOUN
ajtas-3090	2	13	due	due	ADP
ajtas-3090	2	14	to	to	ADP
ajtas-3090	2	15	rising	rise	VERB
ajtas-3090	2	16	operational	operational	ADJ
ajtas-3090	2	17	costs	cost	NOUN
ajtas-3090	2	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	2	19	technological	technological	ADJ
ajtas-3090	2	20	requirements	requirement	NOUN
ajtas-3090	2	21	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	2	22	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	2	23	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	2	24	need	need	NOUN
ajtas-3090	2	25	for	for	ADP
ajtas-3090	2	26	safety	safety	NOUN
ajtas-3090	2	27	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	3	1	this	this	DET
ajtas-3090	3	2	study	study	NOUN
ajtas-3090	3	3	explores	explore	VERB
ajtas-3090	3	4	methods	method	NOUN
ajtas-3090	3	5	for	for	ADP
ajtas-3090	3	6	enhancing	enhance	VERB
ajtas-3090	3	7	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	3	8	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajtas-3090	3	9	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	3	10	railway	railway	NOUN
ajtas-3090	3	11	track	track	NOUN
ajtas-3090	3	12	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
ajtas-3090	3	13	enterprises	enterprise	NOUN
ajtas-3090	3	14	through	through	ADP
ajtas-3090	3	15	organizational	organizational	ADJ
ajtas-3090	3	16	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	3	17	technological	technological	ADJ
ajtas-3090	3	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	3	19	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	3	20	economic	economic	ADJ
ajtas-3090	3	21	measures	measure	NOUN
ajtas-3090	3	22	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	4	1	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	4	2	findings	finding	NOUN
ajtas-3090	4	3	suggest	suggest	VERB
ajtas-3090	4	4	that	that	SCONJ
ajtas-3090	4	5	digital	digital	ADJ
ajtas-3090	4	6	monitoring	monitoring	NOUN
ajtas-3090	4	7	systems	system	NOUN
ajtas-3090	4	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	4	9	preventive	preventive	ADJ
ajtas-3090	4	10	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
ajtas-3090	4	11	strategies	strategy	NOUN
ajtas-3090	4	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	4	13	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	4	14	optimized	optimize	VERB
ajtas-3090	4	15	resource	resource	NOUN
ajtas-3090	4	16	allocation	allocation	NOUN
ajtas-3090	4	17	significantly	significantly	ADV
ajtas-3090	4	18	improve	improve	VERB
ajtas-3090	4	19	performance	performance	NOUN
ajtas-3090	4	20	indicators	indicator	NOUN
ajtas-3090	4	21	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	4	22	reduce	reduce	VERB
ajtas-3090	4	23	downtime	downtime	NOUN
ajtas-3090	4	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	4	25	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	4	26	increase	increase	VERB
ajtas-3090	4	27	cost	cost	NOUN
ajtas-3090	4	28	-	-	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	4	29	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
ajtas-3090	4	30	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	5	1	railway	railway	NOUN
ajtas-3090	5	2	transport	transport	NOUN
ajtas-3090	5	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	5	4	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
ajtas-3090	5	5	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajtas-3090	5	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	5	7	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
ajtas-3090	5	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	5	9	digitalization	digitalization	NOUN
ajtas-3090	5	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	5	11	optimization	optimization	NOUN
ajtas-3090	5	12	introduction	introduction	NOUN
ajtas-3090	5	13	rail	rail	NOUN
ajtas-3090	5	14	transport	transport	NOUN
ajtas-3090	5	15	is	be	AUX
ajtas-3090	5	16	one	one	NUM
ajtas-3090	5	17	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	5	18	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	5	19	key	key	ADJ
ajtas-3090	5	20	pillars	pillar	NOUN
ajtas-3090	5	21	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	5	22	national	national	ADJ
ajtas-3090	5	23	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
ajtas-3090	5	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	5	25	serving	serve	VERB
ajtas-3090	5	26	as	as	ADP
ajtas-3090	5	27	a	a	DET
ajtas-3090	5	28	foundation	foundation	NOUN
ajtas-3090	5	29	for	for	ADP
ajtas-3090	5	30	economic	economic	ADJ
ajtas-3090	5	31	growth	growth	NOUN
ajtas-3090	5	32	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	5	33	trade	trade	NOUN
ajtas-3090	5	34	expansion	expansion	NOUN
ajtas-3090	5	35	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	5	36	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	5	37	regional	regional	ADJ
ajtas-3090	5	38	integration	integration	NOUN
ajtas-3090	5	39	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	6	1	beyond	beyond	ADP
ajtas-3090	6	2	facilitating	facilitate	VERB
ajtas-3090	6	3	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	6	4	movement	movement	NOUN
ajtas-3090	6	5	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	6	6	goods	good	NOUN
ajtas-3090	6	7	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	6	8	passengers	passenger	NOUN
ajtas-3090	6	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	6	10	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	6	11	railway	railway	NOUN
ajtas-3090	6	12	sector	sector	NOUN
ajtas-3090	6	13	plays	play	VERB
ajtas-3090	6	14	a	a	DET
ajtas-3090	6	15	critical	critical	ADJ
ajtas-3090	6	16	role	role	NOUN
ajtas-3090	6	17	in	in	ADP
ajtas-3090	6	18	reducing	reduce	VERB
ajtas-3090	6	19	logistics	logistic	NOUN
ajtas-3090	6	20	costs	cost	NOUN
ajtas-3090	6	21	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	6	22	lowering	lower	VERB
ajtas-3090	6	23	environmental	environmental	ADJ
ajtas-3090	6	24	impacts	impact	NOUN
ajtas-3090	6	25	compared	compare	VERB
ajtas-3090	6	26	to	to	ADP
ajtas-3090	6	27	road	road	NOUN
ajtas-3090	6	28	transport	transport	NOUN
ajtas-3090	6	29	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	6	30	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	6	31	fostering	foster	VERB
ajtas-3090	6	32	industrial	industrial	ADJ
ajtas-3090	6	33	development	development	NOUN
ajtas-3090	6	34	(	(	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	6	35	wang	wang	PROPN
ajtas-3090	6	36	et	et	PROPN
ajtas-3090	6	37	al	al	PROPN
ajtas-3090	6	38	.	.	PROPN
ajtas-3090	6	39	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	6	40	2019	2019	NUM
ajtas-3090	6	41	)	)	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	6	42	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	7	1	for	for	ADP
ajtas-3090	7	2	many	many	ADJ
ajtas-3090	7	3	landlocked	landlocked	ADJ
ajtas-3090	7	4	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	7	5	developing	develop	VERB
ajtas-3090	7	6	economies	economy	NOUN
ajtas-3090	7	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	7	8	railways	railway	NOUN
ajtas-3090	7	9	represent	represent	VERB
ajtas-3090	7	10	not	not	PART
ajtas-3090	7	11	only	only	ADV
ajtas-3090	7	12	a	a	DET
ajtas-3090	7	13	strategic	strategic	ADJ
ajtas-3090	7	14	mode	mode	NOUN
ajtas-3090	7	15	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	7	16	transport	transport	NOUN
ajtas-3090	7	17	but	but	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	7	18	also	also	ADV
ajtas-3090	7	19	a	a	DET
ajtas-3090	7	20	driver	driver	NOUN
ajtas-3090	7	21	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	7	22	competitiveness	competitiveness	NOUN
ajtas-3090	7	23	in	in	ADP
ajtas-3090	7	24	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	7	25	global	global	ADJ
ajtas-3090	7	26	market	market	NOUN
ajtas-3090	7	27	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	8	1	within	within	ADP
ajtas-3090	8	2	this	this	DET
ajtas-3090	8	3	context	context	NOUN
ajtas-3090	8	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	8	5	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	8	6	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
ajtas-3090	8	7	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	8	8	railway	railway	NOUN
ajtas-3090	8	9	tracks	track	NOUN
ajtas-3090	8	10	emerges	emerge	VERB
ajtas-3090	8	11	as	as	ADP
ajtas-3090	8	12	a	a	DET
ajtas-3090	8	13	decisive	decisive	ADJ
ajtas-3090	8	14	factor	factor	NOUN
ajtas-3090	8	15	in	in	ADP
ajtas-3090	8	16	ensuring	ensure	VERB
ajtas-3090	8	17	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	8	18	reliability	reliability	NOUN
ajtas-3090	8	19	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	8	20	safety	safety	NOUN
ajtas-3090	8	21	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	8	22	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	8	23	sustainability	sustainability	NOUN
ajtas-3090	8	24	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	8	25	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	8	26	transport	transport	NOUN
ajtas-3090	8	27	system	system	NOUN
ajtas-3090	8	28	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	9	1	railway	railway	NOUN
ajtas-3090	9	2	track	track	NOUN
ajtas-3090	9	3	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
ajtas-3090	9	4	enterprises	enterprise	NOUN
ajtas-3090	9	5	are	be	AUX
ajtas-3090	9	6	responsible	responsible	ADJ
ajtas-3090	9	7	for	for	ADP
ajtas-3090	9	8	guaranteeing	guarantee	VERB
ajtas-3090	9	9	smooth	smooth	ADJ
ajtas-3090	9	10	operations	operation	NOUN
ajtas-3090	9	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	9	12	minimizing	minimize	VERB
ajtas-3090	9	13	breakdowns	breakdown	NOUN
ajtas-3090	9	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	9	15	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	9	16	extending	extend	VERB
ajtas-3090	9	17	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	9	18	life	life	NOUN
ajtas-3090	9	19	cycle	cycle	NOUN
ajtas-3090	9	20	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	9	21	costly	costly	ADJ
ajtas-3090	9	22	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
ajtas-3090	9	23	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	10	1	however	however	ADV
ajtas-3090	10	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	10	3	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	10	4	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajtas-3090	10	5	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	10	6	such	such	ADJ
ajtas-3090	10	7	enterprises	enterprise	NOUN
ajtas-3090	10	8	is	be	AUX
ajtas-3090	10	9	often	often	ADV
ajtas-3090	10	10	undermined	undermine	VERB
ajtas-3090	10	11	by	by	ADP
ajtas-3090	10	12	outdated	outdated	ADJ
ajtas-3090	10	13	practices	practice	NOUN
ajtas-3090	10	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	10	15	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ
ajtas-3090	10	16	funding	funding	NOUN
ajtas-3090	10	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	10	18	fragmented	fragmented	ADJ
ajtas-3090	10	19	management	management	NOUN
ajtas-3090	10	20	systems	system	NOUN
ajtas-3090	10	21	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	10	22	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	10	23	limited	limited	ADJ
ajtas-3090	10	24	adoption	adoption	NOUN
ajtas-3090	10	25	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	10	26	modern	modern	ADJ
ajtas-3090	10	27	technologies	technology	NOUN
ajtas-3090	10	28	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	11	1	as	as	SCONJ
ajtas-3090	11	2	smith	smith	PROPN
ajtas-3090	11	3	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	11	4	preston	preston	PROPN
ajtas-3090	11	5	(	(	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	11	6	2021	2021	NUM
ajtas-3090	11	7	)	)	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	11	8	point	point	VERB
ajtas-3090	11	9	out	out	ADP
ajtas-3090	11	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	11	11	reliance	reliance	NOUN
ajtas-3090	11	12	on	on	ADP
ajtas-3090	11	13	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ajtas-3090	11	14	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
ajtas-3090	11	15	models	model	NOUN
ajtas-3090	11	16	frequently	frequently	ADV
ajtas-3090	11	17	leads	lead	VERB
ajtas-3090	11	18	to	to	ADP
ajtas-3090	11	19	inefficiencies	inefficiency	NOUN
ajtas-3090	11	20	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	11	21	unplanned	unplanned	ADJ
ajtas-3090	11	22	delays	delay	NOUN
ajtas-3090	11	23	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	11	24	excessive	excessive	ADJ
ajtas-3090	11	25	operational	operational	ADJ
ajtas-3090	11	26	costs	cost	NOUN
ajtas-3090	11	27	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	11	28	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	11	29	in	in	ADP
ajtas-3090	11	30	some	some	DET
ajtas-3090	11	31	cases	case	NOUN
ajtas-3090	11	32	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	11	33	increased	increase	VERB
ajtas-3090	11	34	accident	accident	NOUN
ajtas-3090	11	35	risks	risk	NOUN
ajtas-3090	11	36	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	12	1	in	in	ADP
ajtas-3090	12	2	recent	recent	ADJ
ajtas-3090	12	3	years	year	NOUN
ajtas-3090	12	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	12	5	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	12	6	rapid	rapid	ADJ
ajtas-3090	12	7	development	development	NOUN
ajtas-3090	12	8	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	12	9	digital	digital	ADJ
ajtas-3090	12	10	technologies	technology	NOUN
ajtas-3090	12	11	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	12	12	industry	industry	NOUN
ajtas-3090	12	13	4.0	4.0	NUM
ajtas-3090	12	14	solutions	solution	NOUN
ajtas-3090	12	15	has	have	AUX
ajtas-3090	12	16	opened	open	VERB
ajtas-3090	12	17	new	new	ADJ
ajtas-3090	12	18	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
ajtas-3090	12	19	for	for	ADP
ajtas-3090	12	20	railway	railway	NOUN
ajtas-3090	12	21	enterprises	enterprise	NOUN
ajtas-3090	12	22	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	13	1	predictive	predictive	ADJ
ajtas-3090	13	2	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
ajtas-3090	13	3	supported	support	VERB
ajtas-3090	13	4	by	by	ADP
ajtas-3090	13	5	data	datum	NOUN
ajtas-3090	13	6	analytics	analytic	NOUN
ajtas-3090	13	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	13	8	sensors	sensor	NOUN
ajtas-3090	13	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	13	10	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	13	11	artificial	artificial	ADJ
ajtas-3090	13	12	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
ajtas-3090	13	13	enables	enable	VERB
ajtas-3090	13	14	early	early	ADJ
ajtas-3090	13	15	detection	detection	NOUN
ajtas-3090	13	16	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	13	17	faults	fault	NOUN
ajtas-3090	13	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	13	19	reduces	reduce	VERB
ajtas-3090	13	20	downtime	downtime	NOUN
ajtas-3090	13	21	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	13	22	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	13	23	optimizes	optimize	VERB
ajtas-3090	13	24	resource	resource	NOUN
ajtas-3090	13	25	american	american	ADJ
ajtas-3090	13	26	journal	journal	NOUN
ajtas-3090	13	27	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	13	28	technology	technology	NOUN
ajtas-3090	13	29	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	13	30	applied	apply	VERB
ajtas-3090	13	31	sciences	science	NOUN
ajtas-3090	13	32	40	40	NUM
ajtas-3090	13	33	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	13	34	september	september	PROPN
ajtas-3090	13	35	2025	2025	NUM
ajtas-3090	13	36	p	p	NOUN
ajtas-3090	14	1	a	a	DET
ajtas-3090	14	2	g	g	NOUN
ajtas-3090	14	3	e	e	NOUN
ajtas-3090	14	4	|	|	ADV
ajtas-3090	14	5	8	8	NUM
ajtas-3090	14	6	www.americanjournal.org	www.americanjournal.org	NOUN
ajtas-3090	14	7	allocation	allocation	NOUN
ajtas-3090	14	8	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	15	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
ajtas-3090	15	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	15	3	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	15	4	introduction	introduction	NOUN
ajtas-3090	15	5	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	15	6	geographic	geographic	ADJ
ajtas-3090	15	7	information	information	NOUN
ajtas-3090	15	8	systems	system	NOUN
ajtas-3090	15	9	(	(	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	15	10	gis	gis	NOUN
ajtas-3090	15	11	)	)	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	15	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	15	13	internet	internet	NOUN
ajtas-3090	15	14	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	15	15	things	thing	NOUN
ajtas-3090	15	16	(	(	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	15	17	iot	iot	NOUN
ajtas-3090	15	18	)	)	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	15	19	devices	device	NOUN
ajtas-3090	15	20	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	15	21	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	15	22	automated	automate	VERB
ajtas-3090	15	23	inspection	inspection	NOUN
ajtas-3090	15	24	systems	system	NOUN
ajtas-3090	15	25	is	be	AUX
ajtas-3090	15	26	transforming	transform	VERB
ajtas-3090	15	27	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	15	28	way	way	NOUN
ajtas-3090	15	29	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
ajtas-3090	15	30	tasks	task	NOUN
ajtas-3090	15	31	are	be	AUX
ajtas-3090	15	32	scheduled	schedule	VERB
ajtas-3090	15	33	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	15	34	performed	perform	VERB
ajtas-3090	15	35	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	16	1	these	these	DET
ajtas-3090	16	2	tools	tool	NOUN
ajtas-3090	16	3	not	not	PART
ajtas-3090	16	4	only	only	ADV
ajtas-3090	16	5	enhance	enhance	VERB
ajtas-3090	16	6	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajtas-3090	16	7	but	but	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	16	8	also	also	ADV
ajtas-3090	16	9	contribute	contribute	VERB
ajtas-3090	16	10	to	to	ADP
ajtas-3090	16	11	higher	high	ADJ
ajtas-3090	16	12	safety	safety	NOUN
ajtas-3090	16	13	standards	standard	NOUN
ajtas-3090	16	14	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	16	15	better	well	ADJ
ajtas-3090	16	16	long	long	ADJ
ajtas-3090	16	17	-	-	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	16	18	term	term	NOUN
ajtas-3090	16	19	asset	asset	NOUN
ajtas-3090	16	20	management	management	NOUN
ajtas-3090	16	21	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	17	1	at	at	ADP
ajtas-3090	17	2	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	17	3	same	same	ADJ
ajtas-3090	17	4	time	time	NOUN
ajtas-3090	17	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	17	6	improving	improve	VERB
ajtas-3090	17	7	railway	railway	NOUN
ajtas-3090	17	8	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
ajtas-3090	17	9	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajtas-3090	17	10	can	can	AUX
ajtas-3090	17	11	not	not	PART
ajtas-3090	17	12	be	be	AUX
ajtas-3090	17	13	achieved	achieve	VERB
ajtas-3090	17	14	by	by	ADP
ajtas-3090	17	15	technology	technology	NOUN
ajtas-3090	17	16	alone	alone	ADV
ajtas-3090	17	17	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	18	1	organizational	organizational	ADJ
ajtas-3090	18	2	reforms	reform	NOUN
ajtas-3090	18	3	—	—	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	18	4	including	include	VERB
ajtas-3090	18	5	workforce	workforce	NOUN
ajtas-3090	18	6	training	training	NOUN
ajtas-3090	18	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	18	8	performance	performance	NOUN
ajtas-3090	18	9	-	-	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	18	10	based	base	VERB
ajtas-3090	18	11	management	management	NOUN
ajtas-3090	18	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	18	13	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	18	14	integration	integration	NOUN
ajtas-3090	18	15	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	18	16	sustainability	sustainability	NOUN
ajtas-3090	18	17	principles	principle	NOUN
ajtas-3090	18	18	—	—	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	18	19	are	be	AUX
ajtas-3090	18	20	equally	equally	ADV
ajtas-3090	18	21	essential	essential	ADJ
ajtas-3090	18	22	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	19	1	experiences	experience	NOUN
ajtas-3090	19	2	from	from	ADP
ajtas-3090	19	3	advanced	advanced	ADJ
ajtas-3090	19	4	railway	railway	NOUN
ajtas-3090	19	5	systems	system	NOUN
ajtas-3090	19	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	19	7	such	such	ADJ
ajtas-3090	19	8	as	as	ADP
ajtas-3090	19	9	those	those	PRON
ajtas-3090	19	10	in	in	ADP
ajtas-3090	19	11	europe	europe	PROPN
ajtas-3090	19	12	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	19	13	east	east	PROPN
ajtas-3090	19	14	asia	asia	PROPN
ajtas-3090	19	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	19	16	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
ajtas-3090	19	17	that	that	SCONJ
ajtas-3090	19	18	a	a	DET
ajtas-3090	19	19	balanced	balanced	ADJ
ajtas-3090	19	20	combination	combination	NOUN
ajtas-3090	19	21	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	19	22	technology	technology	NOUN
ajtas-3090	19	23	adoption	adoption	NOUN
ajtas-3090	19	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	19	25	institutional	institutional	ADJ
ajtas-3090	19	26	reforms	reform	NOUN
ajtas-3090	19	27	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	19	28	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	19	29	financial	financial	ADJ
ajtas-3090	19	30	sustainability	sustainability	NOUN
ajtas-3090	19	31	strategies	strategy	NOUN
ajtas-3090	19	32	is	be	AUX
ajtas-3090	19	33	required	require	VERB
ajtas-3090	19	34	to	to	PART
ajtas-3090	19	35	achieve	achieve	VERB
ajtas-3090	19	36	long	long	ADJ
ajtas-3090	19	37	-	-	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	19	38	term	term	NOUN
ajtas-3090	19	39	improvements	improvement	NOUN
ajtas-3090	19	40	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	20	1	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	20	2	objective	objective	NOUN
ajtas-3090	20	3	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	20	4	this	this	DET
ajtas-3090	20	5	study	study	NOUN
ajtas-3090	20	6	is	be	AUX
ajtas-3090	20	7	therefore	therefore	ADV
ajtas-3090	20	8	to	to	PART
ajtas-3090	20	9	identify	identify	VERB
ajtas-3090	20	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	20	11	analyze	analyze	VERB
ajtas-3090	20	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	20	13	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	20	14	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
ajtas-3090	20	15	effective	effective	ADJ
ajtas-3090	20	16	strategies	strategy	NOUN
ajtas-3090	20	17	for	for	ADP
ajtas-3090	20	18	enhancing	enhance	VERB
ajtas-3090	20	19	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	20	20	operational	operational	ADJ
ajtas-3090	20	21	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajtas-3090	20	22	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	20	23	railway	railway	NOUN
ajtas-3090	20	24	track	track	NOUN
ajtas-3090	20	25	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
ajtas-3090	20	26	enterprises	enterprise	NOUN
ajtas-3090	20	27	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	21	1	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	21	2	research	research	NOUN
ajtas-3090	21	3	focuses	focus	VERB
ajtas-3090	21	4	on	on	ADP
ajtas-3090	21	5	three	three	NUM
ajtas-3090	21	6	interrelated	interrelated	ADJ
ajtas-3090	21	7	directions	direction	NOUN
ajtas-3090	21	8	:	:	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	21	9	(	(	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	21	10	1	1	X
ajtas-3090	21	11	)	)	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	21	12	adoption	adoption	NOUN
ajtas-3090	21	13	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	21	14	modern	modern	ADJ
ajtas-3090	21	15	digital	digital	ADJ
ajtas-3090	21	16	technologies	technology	NOUN
ajtas-3090	21	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	21	18	(	(	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	21	19	2	2	X
ajtas-3090	21	20	)	)	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	21	21	development	development	NOUN
ajtas-3090	21	22	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	21	23	predictive	predictive	ADJ
ajtas-3090	21	24	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	21	25	preventive	preventive	ADJ
ajtas-3090	21	26	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
ajtas-3090	21	27	systems	system	NOUN
ajtas-3090	21	28	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	21	29	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	21	30	(	(	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	21	31	3	3	X
ajtas-3090	21	32	)	)	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	21	33	implementation	implementation	NOUN
ajtas-3090	21	34	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	21	35	organizational	organizational	ADJ
ajtas-3090	21	36	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	21	37	economic	economic	ADJ
ajtas-3090	21	38	reforms	reform	NOUN
ajtas-3090	21	39	to	to	PART
ajtas-3090	21	40	ensure	ensure	VERB
ajtas-3090	21	41	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
ajtas-3090	21	42	operations	operation	NOUN
ajtas-3090	21	43	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	22	1	by	by	ADP
ajtas-3090	22	2	doing	do	VERB
ajtas-3090	22	3	so	so	ADV
ajtas-3090	22	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	22	5	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	22	6	study	study	NOUN
ajtas-3090	22	7	aims	aim	VERB
ajtas-3090	22	8	to	to	PART
ajtas-3090	22	9	contribute	contribute	VERB
ajtas-3090	22	10	to	to	ADP
ajtas-3090	22	11	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	22	12	academic	academic	ADJ
ajtas-3090	22	13	literature	literature	NOUN
ajtas-3090	22	14	on	on	ADP
ajtas-3090	22	15	transport	transport	NOUN
ajtas-3090	22	16	management	management	NOUN
ajtas-3090	22	17	while	while	SCONJ
ajtas-3090	22	18	also	also	ADV
ajtas-3090	22	19	offering	offer	VERB
ajtas-3090	22	20	practical	practical	ADJ
ajtas-3090	22	21	recommendations	recommendation	NOUN
ajtas-3090	22	22	for	for	ADP
ajtas-3090	22	23	policymakers	policymaker	NOUN
ajtas-3090	22	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	22	25	railway	railway	NOUN
ajtas-3090	22	26	administrators	administrator	NOUN
ajtas-3090	22	27	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	22	28	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	22	29	industry	industry	NOUN
ajtas-3090	22	30	practitioners	practitioner	NOUN
ajtas-3090	22	31	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	23	1	methods	method	NOUN
ajtas-3090	23	2	this	this	DET
ajtas-3090	23	3	study	study	NOUN
ajtas-3090	23	4	applied	apply	VERB
ajtas-3090	23	5	a	a	DET
ajtas-3090	23	6	mixed	mix	VERB
ajtas-3090	23	7	-	-	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	23	8	method	method	NOUN
ajtas-3090	23	9	approach	approach	NOUN
ajtas-3090	23	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	23	11	including	include	VERB
ajtas-3090	23	12	:	:	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	23	13	1	1	X
ajtas-3090	23	14	.	.	X
ajtas-3090	23	15	literature	literature	PROPN
ajtas-3090	23	16	review	review	PROPN
ajtas-3090	23	17	:	:	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	23	18	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ajtas-3090	23	19	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	23	20	international	international	ADJ
ajtas-3090	23	21	best	good	ADJ
ajtas-3090	23	22	practices	practice	NOUN
ajtas-3090	23	23	in	in	ADP
ajtas-3090	23	24	railway	railway	NOUN
ajtas-3090	23	25	track	track	NOUN
ajtas-3090	23	26	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
ajtas-3090	23	27	(	(	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	23	28	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
ajtas-3090	23	29	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	23	30	eu	eu	PROPN
ajtas-3090	23	31	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	23	32	japan	japan	PROPN
ajtas-3090	23	33	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	23	34	usa	usa	PROPN
ajtas-3090	23	35	)	)	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	23	36	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	24	1	2	2	X
ajtas-3090	24	2	.	.	X
ajtas-3090	24	3	comparative	comparative	ADJ
ajtas-3090	24	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ajtas-3090	24	5	:	:	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	24	6	assessment	assessment	NOUN
ajtas-3090	24	7	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	24	8	current	current	ADJ
ajtas-3090	24	9	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
ajtas-3090	24	10	practices	practice	NOUN
ajtas-3090	24	11	in	in	ADP
ajtas-3090	24	12	uzbekistan	uzbekistan	PROPN
ajtas-3090	24	13	’s	’s	PART
ajtas-3090	24	14	railway	railway	NOUN
ajtas-3090	24	15	system	system	NOUN
ajtas-3090	24	16	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	25	1	3	3	X
ajtas-3090	25	2	.	.	X
ajtas-3090	25	3	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
ajtas-3090	25	4	modeling	modeling	NOUN
ajtas-3090	25	5	:	:	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	25	6	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
ajtas-3090	25	7	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	25	8	cost	cost	NOUN
ajtas-3090	25	9	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajtas-3090	25	10	using	use	VERB
ajtas-3090	25	11	key	key	ADJ
ajtas-3090	25	12	performance	performance	NOUN
ajtas-3090	25	13	indicators	indicator	NOUN
ajtas-3090	25	14	(	(	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	25	15	kpis	kpis	PROPN
ajtas-3090	25	16	)	)	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	25	17	such	such	ADJ
ajtas-3090	25	18	as	as	ADP
ajtas-3090	25	19	downtime	downtime	NOUN
ajtas-3090	25	20	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	25	21	repair	repair	NOUN
ajtas-3090	25	22	costs	cost	NOUN
ajtas-3090	25	23	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	25	24	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	25	25	accident	accident	NOUN
ajtas-3090	25	26	rates	rate	NOUN
ajtas-3090	25	27	(	(	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	25	28	european	european	PROPN
ajtas-3090	25	29	union	union	PROPN
ajtas-3090	25	30	agency	agency	PROPN
ajtas-3090	25	31	for	for	ADP
ajtas-3090	25	32	railways	railway	NOUN
ajtas-3090	25	33	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	25	34	2020	2020	NUM
ajtas-3090	25	35	)	)	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	25	36	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	26	1	4	4	X
ajtas-3090	26	2	.	.	X
ajtas-3090	26	3	case	case	NOUN
ajtas-3090	26	4	study	study	NOUN
ajtas-3090	26	5	:	:	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	26	6	pilot	pilot	NOUN
ajtas-3090	26	7	project	project	NOUN
ajtas-3090	26	8	on	on	ADP
ajtas-3090	26	9	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	26	10	implementation	implementation	NOUN
ajtas-3090	26	11	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	26	12	digital	digital	ADJ
ajtas-3090	26	13	monitoring	monitoring	NOUN
ajtas-3090	26	14	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	26	15	preventive	preventive	ADJ
ajtas-3090	26	16	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
ajtas-3090	26	17	strategies	strategy	NOUN
ajtas-3090	26	18	in	in	ADP
ajtas-3090	26	19	selected	select	VERB
ajtas-3090	26	20	railway	railway	NOUN
ajtas-3090	26	21	enterprises	enterprise	NOUN
ajtas-3090	26	22	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	27	1	results	result	VERB
ajtas-3090	27	2	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	27	3	results	result	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	4	indicate	indicate	VERB
ajtas-3090	27	5	significant	significant	ADJ
ajtas-3090	27	6	improvements	improvement	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	7	in	in	ADP
ajtas-3090	27	8	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	9	after	after	ADP
ajtas-3090	27	10	implementing	implement	VERB
ajtas-3090	27	11	modern	modern	ADJ
ajtas-3090	27	12	approaches	approach	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	13	:	:	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	27	14	indicator	indicator	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	15	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ajtas-3090	27	16	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	17	preventive	preventive	ADJ
ajtas-3090	27	18	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	19	+	+	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	27	20	digital	digital	ADJ
ajtas-3090	27	21	monitoring	monitoring	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	22	improvement	improvement	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	23	(	(	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	27	24	%	%	INTJ
ajtas-3090	27	25	)	)	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	27	26	average	average	ADJ
ajtas-3090	27	27	downtime	downtime	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	28	(	(	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	27	29	hours	hour	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	30	/	/	SYM
ajtas-3090	27	31	month	month	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	32	)	)	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	27	33	120	120	NUM
ajtas-3090	27	34	65	65	NUM
ajtas-3090	27	35	45.8	45.8	NUM
ajtas-3090	27	36	%	%	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	37	annual	annual	ADJ
ajtas-3090	27	38	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	39	cost	cost	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	40	(	(	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	27	41	usd	usd	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	42	million	million	NUM
ajtas-3090	27	43	)	)	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	27	44	18.5	18.5	NUM
ajtas-3090	27	45	13.9	13.9	NUM
ajtas-3090	27	46	24.9	24.9	NUM
ajtas-3090	27	47	%	%	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	48	accident	accident	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	49	rate	rate	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	50	per	per	ADP
ajtas-3090	27	51	1,000	1,000	NUM
ajtas-3090	27	52	km	km	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	53	4.2	4.2	NUM
ajtas-3090	27	54	2.5	2.5	NUM
ajtas-3090	27	55	40.5	40.5	NUM
ajtas-3090	27	56	%	%	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	57	labor	labor	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	58	productivity	productivity	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	59	(	(	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	27	60	km	km	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	61	/	/	SYM
ajtas-3090	27	62	person	person	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	63	/	/	SYM
ajtas-3090	27	64	year	year	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	65	)	)	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	27	66	9.8	9.8	NUM
ajtas-3090	27	67	13.6	13.6	NUM
ajtas-3090	27	68	38.7	38.7	NUM
ajtas-3090	27	69	%	%	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	70	american	american	PROPN
ajtas-3090	27	71	journal	journal	PROPN
ajtas-3090	27	72	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	27	73	technology	technology	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	74	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	27	75	applied	apply	VERB
ajtas-3090	27	76	sciences	science	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	77	40	40	NUM
ajtas-3090	27	78	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	27	79	september	september	PROPN
ajtas-3090	27	80	2025	2025	NUM
ajtas-3090	27	81	p	p	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	82	a	a	DET
ajtas-3090	27	83	g	g	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	84	e	e	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	85	|	|	ADV
ajtas-3090	27	86	9	9	NUM
ajtas-3090	27	87	www.americanjournal.org	www.americanjournal.org	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	88	these	these	DET
ajtas-3090	27	89	findings	finding	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	90	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
ajtas-3090	27	91	that	that	SCONJ
ajtas-3090	27	92	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	27	93	introduction	introduction	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	94	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	27	95	predictive	predictive	ADJ
ajtas-3090	27	96	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	27	97	digital	digital	ADJ
ajtas-3090	27	98	-	-	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	27	99	based	base	VERB
ajtas-3090	27	100	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	101	not	not	PART
ajtas-3090	27	102	only	only	ADV
ajtas-3090	27	103	reduces	reduce	VERB
ajtas-3090	27	104	costs	cost	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	105	but	but	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	27	106	also	also	ADV
ajtas-3090	27	107	enhances	enhance	VERB
ajtas-3090	27	108	safety	safety	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	109	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	27	110	reliability	reliability	NOUN
ajtas-3090	27	111	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	28	1	discussion	discussion	NOUN
ajtas-3090	28	2	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	28	3	study	study	NOUN
ajtas-3090	28	4	confirms	confirm	VERB
ajtas-3090	28	5	that	that	SCONJ
ajtas-3090	28	6	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajtas-3090	28	7	in	in	ADP
ajtas-3090	28	8	railway	railway	NOUN
ajtas-3090	28	9	track	track	NOUN
ajtas-3090	28	10	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
ajtas-3090	28	11	enterprises	enterprise	NOUN
ajtas-3090	28	12	can	can	AUX
ajtas-3090	28	13	be	be	AUX
ajtas-3090	28	14	substantially	substantially	ADV
ajtas-3090	28	15	improved	improve	VERB
ajtas-3090	28	16	by	by	ADP
ajtas-3090	28	17	shifting	shift	VERB
ajtas-3090	28	18	from	from	ADP
ajtas-3090	28	19	reactive	reactive	NOUN
ajtas-3090	28	20	to	to	ADP
ajtas-3090	28	21	preventive	preventive	ADJ
ajtas-3090	28	22	strategies	strategy	NOUN
ajtas-3090	28	23	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	29	1	key	key	ADJ
ajtas-3090	29	2	implications	implication	NOUN
ajtas-3090	29	3	include	include	VERB
ajtas-3090	29	4	:	:	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	29	5	•	•	ADP
ajtas-3090	29	6	technological	technological	ADJ
ajtas-3090	29	7	advancement	advancement	NOUN
ajtas-3090	29	8	:	:	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	29	9	digital	digital	ADJ
ajtas-3090	29	10	monitoring	monitoring	NOUN
ajtas-3090	29	11	(	(	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	29	12	iot	iot	ADJ
ajtas-3090	29	13	sensors	sensor	NOUN
ajtas-3090	29	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	29	15	ai	ai	VERB
ajtas-3090	29	16	diagnostics	diagnostic	NOUN
ajtas-3090	29	17	)	)	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	29	18	enables	enable	VERB
ajtas-3090	29	19	realtime	realtime	ADJ
ajtas-3090	29	20	detection	detection	NOUN
ajtas-3090	29	21	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	29	22	track	track	NOUN
ajtas-3090	29	23	defects	defect	NOUN
ajtas-3090	29	24	(	(	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	29	25	zhou	zhou	X
ajtas-3090	29	26	et	et	PROPN
ajtas-3090	29	27	al	al	PROPN
ajtas-3090	29	28	.	.	PROPN
ajtas-3090	29	29	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	29	30	2022	2022	NUM
ajtas-3090	29	31	)	)	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	29	32	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	30	1	•	•	NUM
ajtas-3090	30	2	economic	economic	ADJ
ajtas-3090	30	3	impact	impact	NOUN
ajtas-3090	30	4	:	:	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	30	5	reduced	reduce	VERB
ajtas-3090	30	6	repair	repair	NOUN
ajtas-3090	30	7	costs	cost	NOUN
ajtas-3090	30	8	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	30	9	downtime	downtime	NOUN
ajtas-3090	30	10	contribute	contribute	VERB
ajtas-3090	30	11	to	to	ADP
ajtas-3090	30	12	long	long	ADJ
ajtas-3090	30	13	-	-	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	30	14	term	term	NOUN
ajtas-3090	30	15	financial	financial	ADJ
ajtas-3090	30	16	sustainability	sustainability	NOUN
ajtas-3090	30	17	(	(	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	30	18	kumar	kumar	PROPN
ajtas-3090	30	19	&	&	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	30	20	agarwal	agarwal	PROPN
ajtas-3090	30	21	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	30	22	2018	2018	NUM
ajtas-3090	30	23	)	)	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	30	24	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	31	1	•	•	NUM
ajtas-3090	31	2	organizational	organizational	ADJ
ajtas-3090	31	3	reform	reform	NOUN
ajtas-3090	31	4	:	:	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	31	5	optimized	optimize	VERB
ajtas-3090	31	6	workforce	workforce	NOUN
ajtas-3090	31	7	distribution	distribution	NOUN
ajtas-3090	31	8	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	31	9	better	well	ADJ
ajtas-3090	31	10	scheduling	scheduling	NOUN
ajtas-3090	31	11	increase	increase	NOUN
ajtas-3090	31	12	productivity	productivity	NOUN
ajtas-3090	31	13	(	(	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	31	14	shah	shah	PROPN
ajtas-3090	31	15	&	&	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	31	16	singh	singh	PROPN
ajtas-3090	31	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	31	18	2020	2020	NUM
ajtas-3090	31	19	)	)	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	31	20	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	32	1	•	•	NUM
ajtas-3090	32	2	sustainability	sustainability	NOUN
ajtas-3090	32	3	:	:	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	32	4	improved	improve	VERB
ajtas-3090	32	5	safety	safety	NOUN
ajtas-3090	32	6	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	32	7	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajtas-3090	32	8	contribute	contribute	VERB
ajtas-3090	32	9	to	to	ADP
ajtas-3090	32	10	environmental	environmental	ADJ
ajtas-3090	32	11	sustainability	sustainability	NOUN
ajtas-3090	32	12	by	by	ADP
ajtas-3090	32	13	minimizing	minimize	VERB
ajtas-3090	32	14	resource	resource	NOUN
ajtas-3090	32	15	waste	waste	NOUN
ajtas-3090	32	16	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	32	17	energy	energy	NOUN
ajtas-3090	32	18	consumption	consumption	NOUN
ajtas-3090	32	19	(	(	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	32	20	united	united	PROPN
ajtas-3090	32	21	nations	nations	PROPN
ajtas-3090	32	22	escap	escap	NOUN
ajtas-3090	32	23	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	32	24	2021	2021	NUM
ajtas-3090	32	25	)	)	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	32	26	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	33	1	these	these	DET
ajtas-3090	33	2	findings	finding	NOUN
ajtas-3090	33	3	align	align	VERB
ajtas-3090	33	4	with	with	ADP
ajtas-3090	33	5	international	international	ADJ
ajtas-3090	33	6	experiences	experience	NOUN
ajtas-3090	33	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	33	8	where	where	SCONJ
ajtas-3090	33	9	countries	country	NOUN
ajtas-3090	33	10	such	such	ADJ
ajtas-3090	33	11	as	as	ADP
ajtas-3090	33	12	japan	japan	PROPN
ajtas-3090	33	13	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	33	14	germany	germany	PROPN
ajtas-3090	33	15	have	have	AUX
ajtas-3090	33	16	already	already	ADV
ajtas-3090	33	17	adopted	adopt	VERB
ajtas-3090	33	18	predictive	predictive	ADJ
ajtas-3090	33	19	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
ajtas-3090	33	20	models	model	NOUN
ajtas-3090	33	21	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	33	22	resulting	result	VERB
ajtas-3090	33	23	in	in	ADP
ajtas-3090	33	24	higher	high	ADJ
ajtas-3090	33	25	service	service	NOUN
ajtas-3090	33	26	reliability	reliability	NOUN
ajtas-3090	33	27	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	34	1	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
ajtas-3090	34	2	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	34	3	findings	finding	NOUN
ajtas-3090	34	4	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	34	5	this	this	DET
ajtas-3090	34	6	study	study	NOUN
ajtas-3090	34	7	confirm	confirm	VERB
ajtas-3090	34	8	that	that	SCONJ
ajtas-3090	34	9	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	34	10	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajtas-3090	34	11	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	34	12	railway	railway	NOUN
ajtas-3090	34	13	track	track	NOUN
ajtas-3090	34	14	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
ajtas-3090	34	15	enterprises	enterprise	NOUN
ajtas-3090	34	16	can	can	AUX
ajtas-3090	34	17	be	be	AUX
ajtas-3090	34	18	significantly	significantly	ADV
ajtas-3090	34	19	improved	improve	VERB
ajtas-3090	34	20	through	through	ADP
ajtas-3090	34	21	a	a	DET
ajtas-3090	34	22	holistic	holistic	ADJ
ajtas-3090	34	23	integration	integration	NOUN
ajtas-3090	34	24	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	34	25	preventive	preventive	ADJ
ajtas-3090	34	26	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
ajtas-3090	34	27	strategies	strategy	NOUN
ajtas-3090	34	28	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	34	29	digital	digital	ADJ
ajtas-3090	34	30	monitoring	monitoring	NOUN
ajtas-3090	34	31	technologies	technology	NOUN
ajtas-3090	34	32	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	34	33	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	34	34	organizational	organizational	ADJ
ajtas-3090	34	35	optimization	optimization	NOUN
ajtas-3090	34	36	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	35	1	preventive	preventive	ADJ
ajtas-3090	35	2	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	35	3	predictive	predictive	ADJ
ajtas-3090	35	4	approaches	approach	NOUN
ajtas-3090	35	5	reduce	reduce	VERB
ajtas-3090	35	6	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	35	7	risk	risk	NOUN
ajtas-3090	35	8	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	35	9	unexpected	unexpected	ADJ
ajtas-3090	35	10	failures	failure	NOUN
ajtas-3090	35	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	35	12	minimize	minimize	VERB
ajtas-3090	35	13	costly	costly	ADJ
ajtas-3090	35	14	downtime	downtime	NOUN
ajtas-3090	35	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	35	16	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	35	17	extend	extend	VERB
ajtas-3090	35	18	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	35	19	service	service	NOUN
ajtas-3090	35	20	life	life	NOUN
ajtas-3090	35	21	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	35	22	critical	critical	ADJ
ajtas-3090	35	23	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
ajtas-3090	35	24	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	36	1	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	36	2	adoption	adoption	NOUN
ajtas-3090	36	3	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	36	4	digital	digital	ADJ
ajtas-3090	36	5	solutions	solution	NOUN
ajtas-3090	36	6	such	such	ADJ
ajtas-3090	36	7	as	as	ADP
ajtas-3090	36	8	sensor	sensor	NOUN
ajtas-3090	36	9	-	-	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	36	10	based	base	VERB
ajtas-3090	36	11	monitoring	monitoring	NOUN
ajtas-3090	36	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	36	13	data	datum	NOUN
ajtas-3090	36	14	analytics	analytic	NOUN
ajtas-3090	36	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	36	16	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	36	17	automated	automate	VERB
ajtas-3090	36	18	inspection	inspection	NOUN
ajtas-3090	36	19	further	far	ADV
ajtas-3090	36	20	enhances	enhance	VERB
ajtas-3090	36	21	decision	decision	NOUN
ajtas-3090	36	22	-	-	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	36	23	making	make	VERB
ajtas-3090	36	24	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
ajtas-3090	36	25	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	36	26	ensuring	ensure	VERB
ajtas-3090	36	27	that	that	SCONJ
ajtas-3090	36	28	resources	resource	NOUN
ajtas-3090	36	29	are	be	AUX
ajtas-3090	36	30	allocated	allocate	VERB
ajtas-3090	36	31	effectively	effectively	ADV
ajtas-3090	36	32	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	36	33	operational	operational	ADJ
ajtas-3090	36	34	risks	risk	NOUN
ajtas-3090	36	35	are	be	AUX
ajtas-3090	36	36	reduced	reduce	VERB
ajtas-3090	36	37	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	37	1	at	at	ADP
ajtas-3090	37	2	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	37	3	same	same	ADJ
ajtas-3090	37	4	time	time	NOUN
ajtas-3090	37	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	37	6	organizational	organizational	ADJ
ajtas-3090	37	7	reforms	reform	NOUN
ajtas-3090	37	8	remain	remain	VERB
ajtas-3090	37	9	a	a	DET
ajtas-3090	37	10	cornerstone	cornerstone	NOUN
ajtas-3090	37	11	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	37	12	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
ajtas-3090	37	13	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajtas-3090	37	14	gains	gain	NOUN
ajtas-3090	37	15	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	38	1	strengthening	strengthen	VERB
ajtas-3090	38	2	workforce	workforce	NOUN
ajtas-3090	38	3	competencies	competency	NOUN
ajtas-3090	38	4	through	through	ADP
ajtas-3090	38	5	targeted	target	VERB
ajtas-3090	38	6	training	training	NOUN
ajtas-3090	38	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	38	8	implementing	implement	VERB
ajtas-3090	38	9	performance	performance	NOUN
ajtas-3090	38	10	-	-	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	38	11	based	base	VERB
ajtas-3090	38	12	management	management	NOUN
ajtas-3090	38	13	systems	system	NOUN
ajtas-3090	38	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	38	15	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	38	16	fostering	foster	VERB
ajtas-3090	38	17	a	a	DET
ajtas-3090	38	18	culture	culture	NOUN
ajtas-3090	38	19	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	38	20	innovation	innovation	NOUN
ajtas-3090	38	21	are	be	AUX
ajtas-3090	38	22	essential	essential	ADJ
ajtas-3090	38	23	to	to	PART
ajtas-3090	38	24	fully	fully	ADV
ajtas-3090	38	25	realize	realize	VERB
ajtas-3090	38	26	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	38	27	benefits	benefit	NOUN
ajtas-3090	38	28	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	38	29	technological	technological	ADJ
ajtas-3090	38	30	upgrades	upgrade	NOUN
ajtas-3090	38	31	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	39	1	without	without	ADP
ajtas-3090	39	2	these	these	DET
ajtas-3090	39	3	organizational	organizational	ADJ
ajtas-3090	39	4	measures	measure	NOUN
ajtas-3090	39	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	39	6	investments	investment	NOUN
ajtas-3090	39	7	in	in	ADP
ajtas-3090	39	8	advanced	advanced	ADJ
ajtas-3090	39	9	tools	tool	NOUN
ajtas-3090	39	10	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	39	11	systems	system	NOUN
ajtas-3090	39	12	may	may	AUX
ajtas-3090	39	13	not	not	PART
ajtas-3090	39	14	reach	reach	VERB
ajtas-3090	39	15	their	their	PRON
ajtas-3090	39	16	full	full	ADJ
ajtas-3090	39	17	potential	potential	NOUN
ajtas-3090	39	18	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	40	1	for	for	ADP
ajtas-3090	40	2	policymakers	policymaker	NOUN
ajtas-3090	40	3	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	40	4	railway	railway	NOUN
ajtas-3090	40	5	management	management	NOUN
ajtas-3090	40	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	40	7	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	40	8	results	result	NOUN
ajtas-3090	40	9	highlight	highlight	VERB
ajtas-3090	40	10	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	40	11	need	need	NOUN
ajtas-3090	40	12	to	to	PART
ajtas-3090	40	13	prioritize	prioritize	VERB
ajtas-3090	40	14	long	long	ADJ
ajtas-3090	40	15	-	-	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	40	16	term	term	NOUN
ajtas-3090	40	17	investments	investment	NOUN
ajtas-3090	40	18	in	in	ADP
ajtas-3090	40	19	digital	digital	ADJ
ajtas-3090	40	20	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
ajtas-3090	40	21	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	40	22	research	research	NOUN
ajtas-3090	40	23	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	40	24	development	development	NOUN
ajtas-3090	40	25	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	40	26	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	40	27	human	human	ADJ
ajtas-3090	40	28	capital	capital	NOUN
ajtas-3090	40	29	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	41	1	building	build	VERB
ajtas-3090	41	2	institutional	institutional	ADJ
ajtas-3090	41	3	frameworks	framework	NOUN
ajtas-3090	41	4	that	that	PRON
ajtas-3090	41	5	encourage	encourage	VERB
ajtas-3090	41	6	cross	cross	ADJ
ajtas-3090	41	7	-	-	ADJ
ajtas-3090	41	8	sector	sector	ADJ
ajtas-3090	41	9	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
ajtas-3090	41	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	41	11	public	public	ADJ
ajtas-3090	41	12	–	–	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	41	13	private	private	ADJ
ajtas-3090	41	14	partnerships	partnership	NOUN
ajtas-3090	41	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	41	16	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	41	17	international	international	ADJ
ajtas-3090	41	18	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
ajtas-3090	41	19	exchange	exchange	NOUN
ajtas-3090	41	20	can	can	AUX
ajtas-3090	41	21	accelerate	accelerate	VERB
ajtas-3090	41	22	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	41	23	modernization	modernization	NOUN
ajtas-3090	41	24	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	41	25	railway	railway	NOUN
ajtas-3090	41	26	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
ajtas-3090	41	27	enterprises	enterprise	NOUN
ajtas-3090	41	28	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	42	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
ajtas-3090	42	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	42	3	attention	attention	NOUN
ajtas-3090	42	4	should	should	AUX
ajtas-3090	42	5	be	be	AUX
ajtas-3090	42	6	given	give	VERB
ajtas-3090	42	7	to	to	ADP
ajtas-3090	42	8	aligning	align	VERB
ajtas-3090	42	9	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
ajtas-3090	42	10	strategies	strategy	NOUN
ajtas-3090	42	11	with	with	ADP
ajtas-3090	42	12	broader	broad	ADJ
ajtas-3090	42	13	sustainability	sustainability	NOUN
ajtas-3090	42	14	goals	goal	NOUN
ajtas-3090	42	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	42	16	including	include	VERB
ajtas-3090	42	17	energy	energy	NOUN
ajtas-3090	42	18	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajtas-3090	42	19	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	42	20	reduced	reduce	VERB
ajtas-3090	42	21	carbon	carbon	NOUN
ajtas-3090	42	22	emissions	emission	NOUN
ajtas-3090	42	23	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	42	24	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	42	25	improved	improved	ADJ
ajtas-3090	42	26	passenger	passenger	NOUN
ajtas-3090	42	27	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	42	28	freight	freight	NOUN
ajtas-3090	42	29	safety	safety	NOUN
ajtas-3090	42	30	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	43	1	in	in	ADP
ajtas-3090	43	2	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
ajtas-3090	43	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	43	4	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	43	5	modernization	modernization	NOUN
ajtas-3090	43	6	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	43	7	railway	railway	NOUN
ajtas-3090	43	8	track	track	NOUN
ajtas-3090	43	9	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
ajtas-3090	43	10	enterprises	enterprise	NOUN
ajtas-3090	43	11	is	be	AUX
ajtas-3090	43	12	not	not	PART
ajtas-3090	43	13	only	only	ADV
ajtas-3090	43	14	a	a	DET
ajtas-3090	43	15	technical	technical	ADJ
ajtas-3090	43	16	necessity	necessity	NOUN
ajtas-3090	43	17	but	but	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	43	18	also	also	ADV
ajtas-3090	43	19	a	a	DET
ajtas-3090	43	20	strategic	strategic	ADJ
ajtas-3090	43	21	imperative	imperative	NOUN
ajtas-3090	43	22	for	for	ADP
ajtas-3090	43	23	enhancing	enhance	VERB
ajtas-3090	43	24	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	43	25	competitiveness	competitiveness	NOUN
ajtas-3090	43	26	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	43	27	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	43	28	transport	transport	NOUN
ajtas-3090	43	29	sector	sector	NOUN
ajtas-3090	43	30	as	as	ADP
ajtas-3090	43	31	a	a	DET
ajtas-3090	43	32	whole	whole	NOUN
ajtas-3090	43	33	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	44	1	by	by	ADP
ajtas-3090	44	2	combining	combine	VERB
ajtas-3090	44	3	technological	technological	ADJ
ajtas-3090	44	4	innovation	innovation	NOUN
ajtas-3090	44	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	44	6	preventive	preventive	ADJ
ajtas-3090	44	7	strategies	strategy	NOUN
ajtas-3090	44	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	44	9	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	44	10	organizational	organizational	ADJ
ajtas-3090	44	11	reforms	reform	NOUN
ajtas-3090	44	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	44	13	countries	country	NOUN
ajtas-3090	44	14	can	can	AUX
ajtas-3090	44	15	achieve	achieve	VERB
ajtas-3090	44	16	more	more	ADV
ajtas-3090	44	17	reliable	reliable	ADJ
ajtas-3090	44	18	railway	railway	NOUN
ajtas-3090	44	19	systems	system	NOUN
ajtas-3090	44	20	that	that	PRON
ajtas-3090	44	21	contribute	contribute	VERB
ajtas-3090	44	22	to	to	ADP
ajtas-3090	44	23	economic	economic	ADJ
ajtas-3090	44	24	growth	growth	NOUN
ajtas-3090	44	25	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	44	26	regional	regional	ADJ
ajtas-3090	44	27	connectivity	connectivity	NOUN
ajtas-3090	44	28	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	44	29	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	44	30	long	long	ADJ
ajtas-3090	44	31	-	-	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	44	32	term	term	NOUN
ajtas-3090	44	33	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
ajtas-3090	44	34	development	development	NOUN
ajtas-3090	44	35	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	45	1	american	american	PROPN
ajtas-3090	45	2	journal	journal	PROPN
ajtas-3090	45	3	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	45	4	technology	technology	NOUN
ajtas-3090	45	5	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	45	6	applied	apply	VERB
ajtas-3090	45	7	sciences	science	NOUN
ajtas-3090	45	8	40	40	NUM
ajtas-3090	45	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	45	10	september	september	PROPN
ajtas-3090	45	11	2025	2025	NUM
ajtas-3090	45	12	p	p	NOUN
ajtas-3090	45	13	a	a	DET
ajtas-3090	45	14	g	g	NOUN
ajtas-3090	45	15	e	e	NOUN
ajtas-3090	45	16	|	|	ADV
ajtas-3090	45	17	10	10	NUM
ajtas-3090	45	18	www.americanjournal.org	www.americanjournal.org	PROPN
ajtas-3090	45	19	references	reference	NOUN
ajtas-3090	45	20	1.european	1.european	NUM
ajtas-3090	45	21	union	union	NOUN
ajtas-3090	45	22	agency	agency	NOUN
ajtas-3090	45	23	for	for	ADP
ajtas-3090	45	24	railways	railway	NOUN
ajtas-3090	45	25	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	46	1	(	(	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	46	2	2020	2020	NUM
ajtas-3090	46	3	)	)	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	46	4	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	47	1	railway	railway	NOUN
ajtas-3090	47	2	safety	safety	NOUN
ajtas-3090	47	3	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	47	4	interoperability	interoperability	NOUN
ajtas-3090	47	5	in	in	ADP
ajtas-3090	47	6	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	47	7	eu	eu	PROPN
ajtas-3090	47	8	.	.	PROPN
ajtas-3090	47	9	brussels	brussels	PROPN
ajtas-3090	47	10	:	:	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	47	11	era	era	NOUN
ajtas-3090	47	12	publications	publication	NOUN
ajtas-3090	47	13	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	48	1	2.kumar	2.kumar	NUM
ajtas-3090	48	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	48	3	a.	a.	NOUN
ajtas-3090	48	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	48	5	&	&	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	48	6	agarwal	agarwal	PROPN
ajtas-3090	48	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	48	8	r.	r.	PROPN
ajtas-3090	48	9	(	(	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	48	10	2018	2018	NUM
ajtas-3090	48	11	)	)	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	48	12	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	49	1	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajtas-3090	49	2	improvement	improvement	NOUN
ajtas-3090	49	3	in	in	ADP
ajtas-3090	49	4	railway	railway	NOUN
ajtas-3090	49	5	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
ajtas-3090	49	6	management	management	NOUN
ajtas-3090	49	7	:	:	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	49	8	a	a	DET
ajtas-3090	49	9	cost	cost	NOUN
ajtas-3090	49	10	-	-	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	49	11	benefit	benefit	NOUN
ajtas-3090	49	12	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ajtas-3090	49	13	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	50	1	international	international	ADJ
ajtas-3090	50	2	journal	journal	PROPN
ajtas-3090	50	3	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	50	4	transport	transport	NOUN
ajtas-3090	50	5	management	management	NOUN
ajtas-3090	50	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	50	7	7(3	7(3	NUM
ajtas-3090	50	8	)	)	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	50	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	50	10	45–56	45–56	NUM
ajtas-3090	50	11	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	51	1	3.shah	3.shah	NUM
ajtas-3090	51	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	51	3	p.	p.	NOUN
ajtas-3090	51	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	51	5	&	&	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	51	6	singh	singh	PROPN
ajtas-3090	51	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	51	8	r.	r.	PROPN
ajtas-3090	51	9	(	(	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	51	10	2020	2020	NUM
ajtas-3090	51	11	)	)	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	51	12	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	52	1	workforce	workforce	PROPN
ajtas-3090	52	2	optimization	optimization	NOUN
ajtas-3090	52	3	in	in	ADP
ajtas-3090	52	4	transport	transport	NOUN
ajtas-3090	52	5	enterprises	enterprise	NOUN
ajtas-3090	52	6	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	53	1	journal	journal	PROPN
ajtas-3090	53	2	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	53	3	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
ajtas-3090	53	4	systems	system	NOUN
ajtas-3090	53	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	53	6	26(2	26(2	NUM
ajtas-3090	53	7	)	)	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	53	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	53	9	112–125	112–125	NUM
ajtas-3090	53	10	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	54	1	4.smith	4.smith	NUM
ajtas-3090	54	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	54	3	j.	j.	PROPN
ajtas-3090	54	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	54	5	&	&	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	54	6	preston	preston	PROPN
ajtas-3090	54	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	54	8	l.	l.	PROPN
ajtas-3090	54	9	(	(	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	54	10	2021	2021	NUM
ajtas-3090	54	11	)	)	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	54	12	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	55	1	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
ajtas-3090	55	2	challenges	challenge	NOUN
ajtas-3090	55	3	in	in	ADP
ajtas-3090	55	4	developing	develop	VERB
ajtas-3090	55	5	economies	economy	NOUN
ajtas-3090	55	6	:	:	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	55	7	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	55	8	case	case	NOUN
ajtas-3090	55	9	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	55	10	rail	rail	NOUN
ajtas-3090	55	11	transport	transport	NOUN
ajtas-3090	55	12	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	56	1	transport	transport	NOUN
ajtas-3090	56	2	policy	policy	PROPN
ajtas-3090	56	3	review	review	PROPN
ajtas-3090	56	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	56	5	15(4	15(4	NUM
ajtas-3090	56	6	)	)	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	56	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	56	8	87–99	87–99	NUM
ajtas-3090	56	9	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	57	1	5.united	5.united	NUM
ajtas-3090	57	2	nations	nation	NOUN
ajtas-3090	57	3	escap	escap	NOUN
ajtas-3090	57	4	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	58	1	(	(	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	58	2	2021	2021	NUM
ajtas-3090	58	3	)	)	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	58	4	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	59	1	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
ajtas-3090	59	2	transport	transport	NOUN
ajtas-3090	59	3	development	development	NOUN
ajtas-3090	59	4	in	in	ADP
ajtas-3090	59	5	asia	asia	PROPN
ajtas-3090	59	6	and	and	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	59	7	the	the	DET
ajtas-3090	59	8	pacific	pacific	PROPN
ajtas-3090	59	9	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	60	1	bangkok	bangkok	PROPN
ajtas-3090	60	2	:	:	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	60	3	un	un	PROPN
ajtas-3090	60	4	publications	publication	NOUN
ajtas-3090	60	5	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	61	1	6.wang	6.wang	NUM
ajtas-3090	61	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	61	3	h.	h.	PROPN
ajtas-3090	61	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	61	5	li	li	PROPN
ajtas-3090	61	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	61	7	j.	j.	PROPN
ajtas-3090	61	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	61	9	&	&	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	61	10	chen	chen	PROPN
ajtas-3090	61	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	61	12	x.	x.	NOUN
ajtas-3090	61	13	(	(	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	61	14	2019	2019	NUM
ajtas-3090	61	15	)	)	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	61	16	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	62	1	predictive	predictive	ADJ
ajtas-3090	62	2	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
ajtas-3090	62	3	for	for	ADP
ajtas-3090	62	4	railway	railway	NOUN
ajtas-3090	62	5	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
ajtas-3090	62	6	:	:	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	62	7	a	a	DET
ajtas-3090	62	8	machine	machine	NOUN
ajtas-3090	62	9	learning	learn	VERB
ajtas-3090	62	10	approach	approach	NOUN
ajtas-3090	62	11	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	63	1	journal	journal	NOUN
ajtas-3090	63	2	of	of	ADP
ajtas-3090	63	3	transportation	transportation	NOUN
ajtas-3090	63	4	engineering	engineering	NOUN
ajtas-3090	63	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	63	6	145(7	145(7	NUM
ajtas-3090	63	7	)	)	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	63	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	63	9	1–12	1–12	NOUN
ajtas-3090	63	10	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	64	1	7.zhou	7.zhou	NUM
ajtas-3090	64	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	64	3	y.	y.	PROPN
ajtas-3090	64	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	64	5	tan	tan	PROPN
ajtas-3090	64	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	64	7	q.	q.	PROPN
ajtas-3090	64	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	64	9	&	&	CCONJ
ajtas-3090	64	10	liu	liu	PROPN
ajtas-3090	64	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	64	12	p.	p.	NOUN
ajtas-3090	64	13	(	(	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	64	14	2022	2022	NUM
ajtas-3090	64	15	)	)	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	64	16	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	65	1	smart	smart	ADJ
ajtas-3090	65	2	monitoring	monitoring	NOUN
ajtas-3090	65	3	technologies	technology	NOUN
ajtas-3090	65	4	for	for	ADP
ajtas-3090	65	5	railway	railway	NOUN
ajtas-3090	65	6	systems	system	NOUN
ajtas-3090	65	7	.	.	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	66	1	ieee	ieee	NOUN
ajtas-3090	66	2	transactions	transaction	NOUN
ajtas-3090	66	3	on	on	ADP
ajtas-3090	66	4	intelligent	intelligent	ADJ
ajtas-3090	66	5	transportation	transportation	NOUN
ajtas-3090	66	6	systems	system	NOUN
ajtas-3090	66	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	66	8	23(6	23(6	NUM
ajtas-3090	66	9	)	)	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	66	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajtas-3090	66	11	5230–5242	5230–5242	NUM
ajtas-3090	66	12	.	.	PUNCT