American Journal of Technology and Applied Sciences ISSN (E): 2832-1766| Volume 19, December, 2023 P a g e | 27 www.americanjournal.org BASES AND FOUNDATIONS IN AGGRESSIVE GROUND CONDITIONS Makhsimov Kasimkhan Ibaevich Fergana Polytechnic Institute, Uzbekistan e-mail: mahsimovkosimhon@gmail.com A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S The influence of aggressiveness and variability of the properties of saline soil on the performance of bases and foundations was studied. Materials with non-corrosive properties are given. Electrokinetic stabilization reduces the salt content in soils and increases its bearing capacity. Saline soils, suffusion, concrete corrosion, fiber polymers, electrokinetic stabilization, green infrastructure, protective coatings. Introduction Footing and foundation design takes center stage when faced with the unique challenges presented by saline soils. Saline soils, characterized by high concentrations of salts, present a number of obstacles for both engineers and designers[1-5]. In this article, we delve into the intricacies of designing foundations that can withstand the corrosive nature of saline soils, exploring innovative approaches and technologies that redefine traditional ideas about structural resilience. Saline soils are common in many regions of the world, presenting a serious problem for construction projects. These soils are often rich in dissolved salts, including sodium chloride, which can have a detrimental effect on the structural integrity of foundations. The corrosive nature of saline soils can compromise the stability of traditional foundation materials such as concrete and steel, requiring a re- evaluation of design principles. METHODS The corrosive effect of salts on foundation materials is multifaceted. In the case of concrete, moisture containing salts can penetrate the material, causing internal expansion and possible cracking. The reinforcing steel inside concrete is also susceptible to corrosion in the presence of salt, resulting in reduced structural strength. Such deterioration poses a significant risk to the long-term stability of structures in regions with saline soils[1,8]. One of the key points when designing foundations on saline soils is careful selection of materials. Engineers are increasingly exploring alternative building materials that provide improved resistance to salt corrosion. Fiber reinforced polymers (FRPs) are gaining popularity due to their non-corrosive properties, providing a viable replacement for traditional steel reinforcement in concrete[6-11]. In addition, the use of corrosion-resistant alloys and specially American Journal of Technology and Applied Sciences Volume 19, December 2023 P a g e | 28 www.americanjournal.org developed concrete mixtures can mitigate the impact of saline soils on foundation materials. The goal is to create a foundation that will not only withstand a corrosive environment, but also maintain its structural integrity over time. Applying protective coatings to foundation materials is a preventive strategy to combat the corrosive effects of saline soils. Various coatings, such as epoxy or zinc, act as a barrier, preventing salts from penetrating the material and deteriorating. These coatings are particularly effective at extending the life of steel foundation components, ensuring their strength in harsh soil conditions. Designing foundations for saline soils requires a thorough understanding of the specific site conditions. On-site investigations should include soil testing to assess salt concentrations, soil structure, and moisture content. This data informs engineers about the severity of salinity conditions, allowing them to adapt foundation designs accordingly. In some cases, improvement techniques may be required soils, such as leaching or soil replacement, to reduce the salt content in the foundation area. Site- specific design takes into account the unique challenges associated with saline soils, providing a customized approach to foundation construction [12-18]. The growing field of foundation engineering has seen the emergence of innovative technologies designed specifically for saline soil conditions. Electrokinetic stabilization, for example, involves the application of an electric field to the soil, reducing the salt content in it and increasing its load-bearing capacity [19]. This technology offers a sustainable and effective solution for stabilizing foundations in regions with saline soils. Additionally, advances in geosynthetic materials have paved the way for the development of salt-resistant membranes that act as a barrier between the foundation and the surrounding soil. These membranes prevent salts from entering the foundation, maintaining its structural integrity. In the search for sustainable construction methods, holistic design approaches are being explored that go beyond mitigating the immediate problems associated with saline soils. Green infrastructure, such as vegetation cover and permeable pavements, can play a role in managing soil salinity by promoting natural salt removal processes. Integrating sustainable drainage systems into foundation designs helps maintain a balance between soil health and environmental protection [20-25]. CONCLUSION Design of foundations in saline soils requires an interdisciplinary approach combining geotechnical engineering, materials science and innovative technologies. Researchers and engineers must collaborate to develop solutions that not only solve immediate problems but also promote resilience and resilience of structures in saline regions. As we continue to push the boundaries of design and engineering foundations, searching for structures that will work successfully in complex REFERENCES 1. Михеев В.В., Петрухин В.П. О строительных свойствах засоленных грунтов, используемых в качестве оснований в промышленном и гражданском строительстве. -Основания, фундаменты и механика грунтов, 1973, №1 2. Geosynthedcs: Applications, Design and Constroction. EuroGeo 1 De Groot, Den Hoedt & Termaat (eds). - Rotterdam: Balkema, 1996. - 1066 p. American Journal of Technology and Applied Sciences Volume 19, December 2023 P a g e | 29 www.americanjournal.org 3. Van Santvoort Gerard Р.Т.М. Геотекстиль и геомембраны в гражданском строительстве. - Роттердам: Balkema, 1994. 4. Koerner Robert M. Проектирование с использованием геосинтетических материалов / Forth Edition. - Prentice Hall, 1998. 5. Yunusaliyev E., Makhsimov K., Makhsimov K. Horizontally loaded piles in saline soils //E3S Web of Conferences. – EDP Sciences, 2023. – Т. 452. – С. 01048. 6. Ibayevich M. Q. Design of Foundations in Extremely Solid Soils //Texas Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences. – 2023. – Т. 16. – С. 11-15. 7. Ibayevich M. K. B ГОРИЗОНТАЛЬНО ЗАГРУЖЕНЫЕ СВАИ В ЗАСОЛЕННЫХ ГРУНТАХ //Finland International Scientific Journal of Education, Social Science & Humanities. – 2023. – Т. 11. – №. 3. – С. 1085-1092. 8. Marupov A. et al. Procedure and method of marking administrative-territorial boundaries on the basis of digital technologies //E3S Web of Conferences. – EDP Sciences, 2023. – Т. 452. – С. 03007. 9. Akhmedov B. Using the fundamentals of the theory of measurement errors in performing geodesic measurement and calculation works //E3S Web of Conferences. – EDP Sciences, 2023. – Т. 452. – С. 03012. 10. Xakimova K. et al. Theoretical and methodological issues of creating the “ECO FERGANA” mobile application of tourist objects and resources of Fergana region //E3S Web of Conferences. – EDP Sciences, 2023. – Т. 452. – С. 05025. 11. Ganiyev Y. et al. Examining the managerial structure and operational aspects of geodesy, cartography, and cadastre production //E3S Web of Conferences. – EDP Sciences, 2023. – Т. 452. – С. 03013. 12. Eshnazarov D. et al. Describing the administrative border of Koshtepa district on an electronic digital map and creating a web map //E3S Web of Conferences. – EDP Sciences, 2023. – Т. 452. – С. 03009. 13. Abdurakhmanov A. A., Mirzaakhmedov S. S. H. DEVELOPMENT OF MECHANISM FOR CARTOGRAPHIC SUPPORT OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT //Finland International Scientific Journal of Education, Social Science & Humanities. – 2023. – Т. 11. – №. 3. – С. 1110- 1118. 14. Abduvakhabovich A. A., Shavkat o‘g‘li S. Y. IMPROVING THE METHOD OF MAPPING AGRICULTURE USING REMOTE SENSING DATA //Finland International Scientific Journal of Education, Social Science & Humanities. – 2023. – Т. 11. – №. 3. – С. 1093-1100. 15. Akhmedov B. M. Methods of Calculating Function Range Calculations in Accuracy Assessment. Evaluation of Parametric Determination of Equation //Texas Journal of Engineering and Technology. – 2023. – Т. 21. – С. 57-62. 16. Turdikulov K. Calculation of the stability of ground dam under seismic loads //E3S Web of Conferences. – EDP Sciences, 2023. – Т. 452. – С. 02021. 17. Abboskhonovich M. A. et al. PROCESSES OF INTRODUCING THE DIGITAL ECONOMY ON IRRIGATED LAND //Finland International Scientific Journal of Education, Social Science & Humanities. – 2023. – Т. 11. – №. 3. – С. 1126-1131. American Journal of Technology and Applied Sciences Volume 19, December 2023 P a g e | 30 www.americanjournal.org 18. Yusufovich G. Y. et al. Formation of a Personal Database of Data in the Creation of Soil Science Cards in GIS Programs //Central Asian Journal of Theoretical and Applied Science. – 2022. – Т. 3. – №. 6. – С. 303-311. 19. Valievich M. X., Bakhodirjon o’g’li M. B. LARGE-SCALE ENGINEERING AND TOPOGRAPHIC PLANS //Finland International Scientific Journal of Education, Social Science & Humanities. – 2023. – Т. 11. – №. 3. – С. 1119-1125. 20. Ganiyev Y. Y., Murodilov K. T., Mirzaakhmedov S. S. EVALUATING THE PRECISION OF GOOGLE MAPS IN COUNTRYSIDE REGIONS //ITALY" ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF SCIENCE AND EDUCATION IN THE FACE OF MODERN CHALLENGES". – 2023. – Т. 14. – №. 1. 21. Yusufovich G. Y., Shavkat o‘g‘li S. Y. CARTOGRAPHIC RESOURCES USED IN THE CREATION OF ELECTRONIC AGRICULTURAL MAPS OF FERGANA REGION //Finland International Scientific Journal of Education, Social Science & Humanities. – 2023. – Т. 11. – №. 3. – С. 1001-1009. 22. Maxsimov K. DURABILITY OF REINFORCED CONCRETE PILES IN AGGRESSIVE SOIL CONDITIONS //Spectrum Journal of Innovation, Reforms and Development. – 2023. – Т. 21. – С. 270-273. 23. Ibaevich M. K. DESIGN OF BASES AND FOUNDATIONS ON SALINY SOILS //Spectrum Journal of Innovation, Reforms and Development. – 2023. – Т. 21. – С. 267-269. 24. Ashurov M., Ravshanbek o‘g‘li R. R. RESEARCH OF PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF BASALT FIBER CONCRETE //European Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development. – 2023. – Т. 17. – С. 12-18. 25. Numanovich A. I., Ravshanbek o'g'li R. R. BASALT FIBER CONCRETE PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS //Spectrum Journal of Innovation, Reforms and Development. – 2022. – Т. 9. – С. 188-195.