American Journal of Technology and Applied Sciences 
ISSN (E): 2832-1766|        Volume 19, December, 2023                                

 

P a g e  | 138  www.americanjournal.org 

 

CALCIUM CHLORATE IS BASED ON SODIUM CHLORATE AND 

CALCIUM CHLORATE STUDY OF WATER SYSTEMS 
Omonbayeva Gulzoda Botirjon qizi 

Assistant, Fergana Polytechnic Institute, Fergana, Uzbekistan 

E-mail: gulzoda.omonbayeva@ferpi.uz 

 

A B S T R A C T K E Y W O R D S 

In this regard, we studied this system in a very political-political way. 

Liquidity lines of ice and calcium chlorate with different levels of 

hydration were determined in the water solubility curve of calcium 

chlorate. In the solubility curve of the calcium chlorate–water system, 

ice formation continues to 46.1% of calcium chlorate at -40.300C 

(eutectic). From this point, calcium chlorate hexahydrate, stable to -

27.2°C, crystallizes. The temperature range of -27.2°C -6.8°C 

corresponds to the crystallization zone of tetrahydrous calcium chlorate. 

 

Bischofite, calcium-

magnesium chlorate, 

solubility, diagram, 

binary systems, ice, 

crystallize, sodium 

chlorate. 

 

Introduction 

The main promising ways for the development of agriculture in the world are the introduction of new 

technologies of soil cultivation, the creation of high-yielding varieties of technical plants, and at the 

same time mineral fertilizers, plant growth stimulants, pesticides, including depends on the complex 

use of defoliants [1-3]. Chlorate-containing defoliants belong to the category of low-toxic drugs in 

terms of production and use. But for the production of magnesium chlorate defoliant, 50% of the raw 

material is used "bischofite", which is bought from abroad for foreign currency [4-7]. As one of the 

effective ways to solve this problem, scientific staff of the Institute of General and Inorganic chemistry 

of the Russian Federation used "Sho’rsuv" and "Pachkamir" dolomites instead of "bishofite" raw 

materials, using raw materials that were decomposed with hydrochloric acid a new calcium-

magnesium chlorate defoliant production technology was implemented. For the physico-chemical 

justification of the defoliant process, it is necessary to know that the components of the calcium 

defoliant chlorate Ca(ClO3)2-CaCl2-H2O system, concentrated in the active substance, work in a wide 

temperature and concentration range [8-11]. 

 

Materials and Methods 

The binary system calcium chloride-water has been studied at temperatures from freezing to 100. The 

water solubility curve of calcium chloride in the studied temperature range consists of four branches 

of crystallization of solid phases: ice, hexahydrate, tetrahydrate and dihydrate calcium chloride..  

The obtained data are in good agreement with the literature on the state of the eutectic points and the 

presence of calcium chlorate and calcium chloride crystalhydrates [12-17]. 



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Solubility in the Ca(ClO3)2-CaCl2-H2O system was studied with eight internal sections. Based on the 

obtained solubility data for binary systems and internal sections, a polythermal diagram of the 

solubility of the Ca(ClO3)2-CaCl2-H2O system from the eutectic freezing point (-69.20C) to 100°C was 

constructed [18-20]. 

The polythermal diagram of solubility of the studied system consists of seven crystallization zones of 

solid phases: ice, Ca(ClO3) 2·6H2O; Ca(ClO3) 2·4H2O; Ca(ClO3)2·2H2O; CaCl2·6H2O; CaCl2·4H2O; 

CaCl2·2H2O. fields converge at the five three-way nonvariant nodes of the joint phases existence of 

three different solid phases. The characteristics of two and three points are given in the table below. 

 

Table 1. Two and three points of the Ca(ClO3) 2-CaCl2-H2O system 

Composition of liquid phase.% tkr
oC Solid phaza 

Ca(ClO3)2 CaCl2 H2O   

1 2 3 4 5 

- 30,6 69,4 -49,7 Ice+CaCl2·6H2O 

13,0 26,1 60,9 -51,6 Ice+CaCl2·6H2O 

15,2 25,1 59,7 -52,4 Ice+CaCl2·6H2O 

34,0 15,2 50,8 -59,5 Ice+CaCl2·6H2O 

44,4 3,2 52,4 -69,2 Ice+ Ca(ClO3)2·6H2O+ CaCl2·6H2O 

46,1 - 53,9 -40,3 Ice+ Ca(ClO3)2·6H2O 

50,9 2,0 47,1 -38,0 Ca(ClO3)2·6H2O+Ca(ClO3)2·6H2O 

54,0 1,2 44,8 -29,6 Ca(ClO3)2·6H2O+Ca(ClO3)2·4H2O+ 

CaCl2·6H2O; 

55,0 - 45,0 -27,2 Ca(ClO3)2·6H2O+ Ca(ClO3)2·4H2O 

59,5 0,9 39,6 -12,0 Ca(ClO3)2·4H2O+CaCl2·6H2O 

60,0 1,1 38,9 -11,2 Ca(ClO3)2·4H2O+CaCl2·6H2O+ 

CaCl2·4H2O 

60,6 1,0 38,4 -9,6 Ca(ClO3)2·4H2O+CaCl2·4H2O+ 

CaCl2·2H2O; 

61,2 0,9 37,9 -8,4 Ca(ClO3)2·4H2O+Ca(ClO3)2·2H2O+ CaCl2·2H2O 

62,0 - 38,0 -6,8 Ca(ClO3)2·4H2O+Ca(ClO3)2·2H2O 

68,3 2,6 29,1 39,5 Ca(ClO3)2·2H2O+CaCl2·2H2O 

71,7 4,8 23,5 84,0 Ca(ClO3)2·2H2O+CaCl2·2H2O 

76,0 5,6 18,4 100 Ca(ClO3)2·2H2O+CaCl2·2H2O 

57,1 4,7 38,2 -8,5 CaCl2 ·6H2O+CaCl2 ·4H2O 

45,9 16,4 37,7 2,1 CaCl2 ·6H2O+CaCl2 ·4H2O 

43,4 20,6 36,0 4,5 CaCl2 ·6H2O+CaCl2 ·4H2O 

27,5 31,0 41,5 14,5 CaCl2 ·6H2O+CaCl2 ·4H2O 

22,0 33,0 45,0 18,0 CaCl2 ·6H2O+CaCl2 ·4H2O 

11,6 42,0 46,4 23,6 CaCl2 ·6H2O+CaCl2 ·4H2O 

- 50,1 49,9 29,7 CaCl2 ·6H2O+CaCl2 ·4H2O 

54,8 8,3 36,9 -4,0 CaCl2 ·4H2O+CaCl2 ·2H2O 

48,9 15,4 35,7 2,4 CaCl2 ·4H2O+CaCl2 ·2H2O 

39,0 25,4 35,6 11,6 CaCl2 ·4H2O+CaCl2 ·2H2O 

34,0 29,6 36,4 16,0 CaCl2 ·4H2O+CaCl2 ·2H2O 

25,2 36,8 38,0 24,0 CaCl2 ·4H2O+CaCl2 ·2H2O 

10,5 47,7 41,8 36,3 CaCl2 ·4H2O+CaCl2 ·2H2O 

- 56,6 43,4 45,4 CaCl2 ·4H2O+CaCl2 ·2H2O 



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A polythermal state diagram plots the isothermal solubility curves at every 100C over the temperature 

range -50 ℃ at 100. Calcium chlorate-water and calcium chloride-water are projected onto the sides 

of the system. 

As can be seen from the above data, new compounds or solid solutions based on initial components 

are not formed in the system in the studied temperature range. The system is simple eutonic. A 

characteristic feature of the solubility diagram of the studied system is that due to its good solubility 

in this system, calcium chlorate has a significant salting effect on calcium chloride, which increases 

with increasing temperature. Therefore, with an increase in temperature, eutonic solutions of the 

system are enriched with calcium chlorate with a decrease in calcium chloride. As a result, as the 

temperature and concentration of calcium chlorate in the system increases, the crystallization area of 

calcium chloride expands. 

Solubility diagram of the binary system sodium chlorate-water 42.0% NaClO3 and 58.0% water at the 

cryohydrate point of -18.5°C showing the presence of two channels of crystallization of pure initial 

components - ice and sodium chlorate characterized by 

The obtained data on the solubility of the NaClO3-H2O binary system are in good agreement with the 

literature data. 

Solubility of Ca(ClO3) in 2-NaClO3-H2O system with calcium chlorate-sodium chlorate-water 

rhennium sections. Cuts I-VI are water to the top of the calcium chlorate-sodium chlorate made from 

the side, and water to the sodium chlorate-calcium chlorate pole from the VII side. Based on the 

solubility data of binary systems and internal sections, a polythermal diagram of the solubility of the 

Ca(ClO3) 2-NaClO3-H2O system from the eutectic freezing point (-41.60 C) to 100 ℃ was compiled 

(Fig. 1.). 

 

 
Figure 1. Polythermal diagram of the solubility of the system 



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The polythermal diagram of solubility of the studied system consists of five crystallization areas of 

solid phases: ice, NaClO3, Ca(ClO3)2·6H2O; Ca(ClO3) 2·4H2O and Ca(ClO3)2·2H2O. fields converge 

at the three triple nonvariant nodal points of the coexistence of three different solid phases. 

The characteristics of two and three points are presented in Table 2. 

 

Table 2. Two and three points of the Ca(ClO3) 2-CaCl2-H2O system 

Composition of liquid phase., %  

T. kr.oC 

 

Solid phaza NaClO3 Ca(ClO3)2 H2O 

41,9 - 58,1 -18,5 Ice +NaClO3 

32,4 13,5 54,1 -19,5 Ice +NaClO3 

19,0 28,4 52,6 -22,9 Ice +NaClO3 

11,9 35,1 53,0 -27,5 Ice +NaClO3 

2,7 44,4 52,9 -41,6 Ice + Ca(ClO3)2·6H2O +NaClO3 

- 46,1 53,9 -40,3 Ice + Ca(ClO3)2·6H2O 

3,0 50,4 46,6 -32,5 Ca(ClO3)2·6H2O+ NaClO3 

3,4 53,3 43,3 -28,7 Ca(ClO3)2·6H2O+ 

Ca(ClO3)2·4H2O+NaClO3 

- 55,0 45,0 -27,2 Ca(ClO3)2·6H2O+ Ca(ClO3)2·4H2O 

4,3 57,4 38,3 -16,5 Ca(ClO3)2·6H2O+ NaClO3 

4,8 60,4 34,8 -8,4 Ca(ClO3)2·4H2O+ 

Ca(ClO3)2·2H2O+NaClO3 

- 62,0 38,0 -6,8 Ca(ClO3)2·4H2O+ Ca(ClO3)2·2H2O 

6,3 65,2 28,2 32,0 Ca(ClO3)2·2H2O+ NaClO3 

9,8 72,0 18,2 84,0 Ca(ClO3)2·2H2O+ NaClO3 

11,1 74,0 14,9 100 Ca(ClO3)2·2H2O+ NaClO3 

 

The polythermal state diagram draws isothermal solubility curves every 10 in the temperature range - 

30÷1000C. Calcium chlorate-water and sodium chlorate-water polytherm projections are built on the 

sides of the system. 

The results of the study show that no new compounds or solid solutions based on the initial components 

are formed in the system in the studied temperature range. The system is simple eutonic. In the 

temperature range -18.5°C -41.6°C, ice crystallizes together with sodium chlorate from the equilibrium 

solution in the system, and ice with hexahydrate calcium chlorate at -41.6°C -40.3°C, temperature 

range -41.6°C -28.7°C corresponds to the co-crystallization of calcium chlorate hexahydrate with 

sodium chlorate. Calcium chlorate tetrahydrate and sodium chlorate co-crystallize from an equilibrium 

solution at -28.7°C -8.4°C. 

 

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