id sid tid token lemma pos american_scientific_journal-1813 1 1 194 194 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 1 2 american american ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 1 3 scientific scientific ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 1 4 research research NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 5 journal journal NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 6 for for ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 1 7 engineering engineering NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 8 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 1 9 technology technology NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 10 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 1 11 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 1 12 sciences science NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 13 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 1 14 asrjets asrjet NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 15 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 1 16 issn issn PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 17 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 1 18 print print NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 19 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 1 20 2313 2313 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 1 21 - - SYM american_scientific_journal-1813 1 22 4410 4410 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 1 23 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 1 24 issn issn PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 25 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 1 26 online online ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 1 27 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 1 28 2313 2313 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 1 29 - - SYM american_scientific_journal-1813 1 30 4402 4402 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 1 31 Β© Β© PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 32 global global ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 1 33 society society NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 34 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 1 35 scientific scientific ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 1 36 research research NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 37 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 1 38 researchers researcher NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 39 http://asrjetsjournal.org/ http://asrjetsjournal.org/ PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 1 40 convective convective ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 1 41 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 42 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 43 study study NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 44 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 1 45 zno zno PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 46 nanofluids nanofluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 47 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 1 48 a a DET american_scientific_journal-1813 1 49 comparison comparison NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 50 with with ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 1 51 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 1 52 conventional conventional ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 1 53 coolant coolant NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 54 water water PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 55 syed syed PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 56 amjad amjad PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 57 ahmada ahmada PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 58 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 1 59 atta atta PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 60 ullah ullah PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 61 mazharb mazharb PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 62 * * PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 63 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 1 64 m m PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 65 hassan hassan PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 66 mukhtarc mukhtarc PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 67 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 1 68 atif atif PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 69 mehmoodd mehmoodd PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 70 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 1 71 salman salman PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 72 yousaf yousaf PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 73 baloche baloche PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 74 ahead ahead ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 1 75 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 1 76 department department NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 77 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 1 78 mechanical mechanical ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 1 79 engineering engineering NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 80 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 1 81 nfc nfc NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 82 institute institute NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 83 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 1 84 engineering engineering PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 85 & & CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 1 86 fertilizer fertilizer PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 87 research research PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 88 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 1 89 faisalabad faisalabad PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 90 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 1 91 pakistan pakistan PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 92 b b PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 93 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 1 94 c c X american_scientific_journal-1813 1 95 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 1 96 d d NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 97 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 1 98 emechanical emechanical ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 1 99 engineering engineering NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 100 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 1 101 nfc nfc NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 102 institute institute NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 103 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 1 104 engineering engineering PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 105 & & CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 1 106 fertilizer fertilizer PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 107 research research PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 108 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 1 109 faisalabad faisalabad PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 110 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 1 111 pakistan pakistan PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 112 aemail aemail NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 113 : : PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 1 114 hod.mech@iefr.edu.pk hod.mech@iefr.edu.pk PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 115 bemail bemail NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 116 : : PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 1 117 atta_mazhar@yahoo.com atta_mazhar@yahoo.com X american_scientific_journal-1813 1 118 abstract abstract NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 119 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 1 120 this this DET american_scientific_journal-1813 1 121 era era NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 122 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 1 123 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 1 124 utilization utilization NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 125 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 1 126 automobiles automobile NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 1 127 is be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 1 128 increasing increase VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 1 129 rapidly rapidly ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 1 130 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 2 1 so so ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 2 2 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 2 3 it it PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 2 4 is be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 2 5 a a DET american_scientific_journal-1813 2 6 task task NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 2 7 for for SCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 2 8 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 2 9 automobile automobile NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 2 10 industries industry NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 2 11 to to PART american_scientific_journal-1813 2 12 yield yield VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 2 13 well well ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 2 14 - - PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 2 15 ordered order VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 2 16 cooling cool VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 2 17 system system NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 2 18 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 2 19 which which PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 2 20 is be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 2 21 actually actually ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 2 22 responsible responsible ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 2 23 to to PART american_scientific_journal-1813 2 24 carry carry VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 2 25 waste waste NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 2 26 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 2 27 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 2 28 engine engine NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 2 29 to to ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 2 30 atmosphere atmosphere NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 2 31 for for ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 2 32 effective effective ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 2 33 working working NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 2 34 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 2 35 an an DET american_scientific_journal-1813 2 36 internal internal ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 2 37 combustion combustion NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 2 38 engines engine NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 2 39 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 3 1 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 3 2 this this DET american_scientific_journal-1813 3 3 research research NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 3 4 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 3 5 car car NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 3 6 radiator radiator NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 3 7 was be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 3 8 tested test VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 3 9 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 3 10 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 3 11 water water NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 3 12 based base VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 3 13 nano nano NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 3 14 fluids fluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 3 15 to to PART american_scientific_journal-1813 3 16 increase increase VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 3 17 its its PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 3 18 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 3 19 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 3 20 capacity capacity NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 3 21 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 3 22 new new ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 3 23 experimental experimental ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 3 24 results result NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 3 25 were be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 3 26 reported report VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 3 27 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 4 1 zinc zinc NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 4 2 oxide oxide NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 4 3 nanofluids nanofluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 4 4 were be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 4 5 prepared prepare VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 4 6 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 4 7 tested test VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 4 8 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 4 9 adding add VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 4 10 their their PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 4 11 nanoparticles nanoparticle NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 4 12 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 4 13 water water NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 4 14 with with ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 4 15 different different ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 4 16 volume volume NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 4 17 fractions fraction NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 4 18 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 4 19 0.1 0.1 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 4 20 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 4 21 0.2 0.2 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 4 22 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 4 23 0.3 0.3 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 4 24 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 4 25 0.4)% 0.4)% NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 4 26 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 5 1 experimentally experimentally ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 5 2 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 5 3 effect effect NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 5 4 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 5 5 these these DET american_scientific_journal-1813 5 6 concentrations concentration NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 5 7 were be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 5 8 observed observe VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 5 9 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 5 10 varying vary VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 5 11 a a DET american_scientific_journal-1813 5 12 fluid fluid ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 5 13 flow flow NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 5 14 rate rate NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 5 15 from from ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 5 16 4 4 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 5 17 liter liter NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 5 18 per per ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 5 19 minute minute NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 5 20 to to ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 5 21 1 1 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 5 22 liter liter NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 5 23 per per ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 5 24 minute minute NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 5 25 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 5 26 inlet inlet VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 5 27 temperature temperature NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 5 28 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 5 29 fluid fluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 5 30 entering enter VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 5 31 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 5 32 radiator radiator NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 5 33 was be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 5 34 kept keep VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 5 35 constant constant ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 5 36 at at ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 5 37 80oc 80oc ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 5 38 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 5 39 enhancement enhancement NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 5 40 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 5 41 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 5 42 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 5 43 was be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 5 44 observed observe VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 5 45 from from ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 5 46 46 46 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 5 47 % % NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 5 48 to to PART american_scientific_journal-1813 5 49 70 70 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 5 50 % % NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 5 51 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 5 52 using use VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 5 53 zno zno NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 5 54 nano nano NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 5 55 fluid fluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 5 56 having have VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 5 57 volumetric volumetric ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 5 58 concentration concentration NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 5 59 0.2 0.2 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 5 60 % % NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 5 61 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 6 1 increase increase VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 6 2 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 6 3 volumetric volumetric NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 6 4 concentration concentration NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 6 5 had have AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 6 6 shown show VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 6 7 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 6 8 enhancement enhancement NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 6 9 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 6 10 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 6 11 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 6 12 but but CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 6 13 up up ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 6 14 to to PART american_scientific_journal-1813 6 15 0.2 0.2 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 6 16 % % NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 6 17 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 6 18 it it PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 6 19 was be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 6 20 seen see VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 6 21 that that SCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 6 22 further further ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 6 23 increase increase NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 6 24 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 6 25 concentration concentration NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 6 26 was be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 6 27 been be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 6 28 reduced reduce VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 6 29 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 6 30 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 6 31 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 6 32 capacity capacity NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 6 33 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 7 1 keywords keyword NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 7 2 : : PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 7 3 nanofluids nanofluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 7 4 ; ; PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 7 5 volume volume NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 7 6 fraction fraction NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 7 7 ; ; PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 7 8 nano nano NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 7 9 - - PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 7 10 particles particle NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 7 11 ; ; PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 7 12 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 7 13 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 7 14 capacity capacity NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 7 15 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 8 1 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------- PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 9 1 * * PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 9 2 corresponding correspond VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 9 3 author author NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 9 4 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 10 1 http://asrjetsjournal.org/ http://asrjetsjournal.org/ PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 10 2 american american PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 10 3 scientific scientific PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 10 4 research research NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 10 5 journal journal NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 10 6 for for ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 10 7 engineering engineering NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 10 8 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 10 9 technology technology NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 10 10 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 10 11 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 10 12 sciences science NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 10 13 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 10 14 asrjets asrjet NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 10 15 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 10 16 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 10 17 2016 2016 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 10 18 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 10 19 volume volume NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 10 20 21 21 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 10 21 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 10 22 no no DET american_scientific_journal-1813 10 23 1 1 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 10 24 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 10 25 pp pp ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 10 26 194 194 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 10 27 - - SYM american_scientific_journal-1813 10 28 201 201 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 10 29 195 195 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 10 30 1 1 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 10 31 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 10 32 introduction introduction NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 10 33 today today NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 10 34 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 10 35 there there PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 10 36 is be VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 10 37 a a DET american_scientific_journal-1813 10 38 demand demand NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 10 39 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 10 40 highly highly ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 10 41 efficient efficient ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 10 42 engines engine NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 10 43 with with ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 10 44 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 10 45 ongoing ongoing ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 10 46 development development NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 10 47 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 10 48 automobile automobile NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 10 49 industries industry NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 10 50 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 10 51 cooling cool VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 10 52 system system NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 10 53 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 10 54 engine engine NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 10 55 plays play VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 10 56 a a DET american_scientific_journal-1813 10 57 vital vital ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 10 58 role role NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 10 59 to to PART american_scientific_journal-1813 10 60 increase increase VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 10 61 efficiency efficiency NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 10 62 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 10 63 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 10 64 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 10 65 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 11 1 a a DET american_scientific_journal-1813 11 2 measureable measureable ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 11 3 increase increase NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 11 4 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 11 5 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 11 6 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 11 7 is be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 11 8 achieved achieve VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 11 9 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 11 10 adding add VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 11 11 fins fin NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 11 12 that that PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 11 13 provides provide VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 11 14 more more ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 11 15 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 11 16 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 11 17 area area NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 11 18 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 11 19 increases increase VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 11 20 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 11 21 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 11 22 capacity capacity NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 11 23 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 11 24 increment increment NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 11 25 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 11 26 air air NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 11 27 convection convection NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 11 28 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 11 29 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 11 30 coefficient coefficient NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 11 31 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 12 1 but but CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 12 2 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 12 3 this this DET american_scientific_journal-1813 12 4 typical typical ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 12 5 method method NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 12 6 to to PART american_scientific_journal-1813 12 7 increase increase VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 12 8 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 12 9 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 12 10 has have AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 12 11 ultimately ultimately ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 12 12 reached reach VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 12 13 to to ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 12 14 their their PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 12 15 limit limit NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 12 16 [ [ X american_scientific_journal-1813 12 17 1 1 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 12 18 ] ] PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 12 19 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 13 1 consequently consequently ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 13 2 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 13 3 there there PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 13 4 is be VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 13 5 a a DET american_scientific_journal-1813 13 6 need need NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 13 7 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 13 8 new new ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 13 9 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 13 10 efficient efficient ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 13 11 coolants coolant NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 13 12 that that PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 13 13 can can AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 13 14 cause cause VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 13 15 increase increase NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 13 16 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 13 17 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 13 18 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 13 19 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 13 20 car car NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 13 21 radiators radiator NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 13 22 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 14 1 traditional traditional ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 14 2 coolants coolant NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 14 3 like like ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 14 4 pure pure ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 14 5 water water NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 14 6 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 14 7 e.g e.g PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 14 8 reveals reveal VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 14 9 less less ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 14 10 thermal thermal ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 14 11 conductivity conductivity NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 14 12 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 15 1 so so ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 15 2 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 15 3 with with SCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 15 4 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 15 5 growth growth NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 15 6 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 15 7 nanotechnology nanotechnology NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 15 8 a a DET american_scientific_journal-1813 15 9 new new ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 15 10 coolant coolant NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 15 11 named name VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 15 12 nanofluids nanofluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 15 13 have have AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 15 14 been be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 15 15 made make VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 15 16 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 15 17 researchers researcher NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 15 18 found find VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 15 19 that that SCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 15 20 they they PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 15 21 shows show VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 15 22 more more ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 15 23 thermal thermal ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 15 24 conductivity conductivity NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 15 25 that that PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 15 26 ultimately ultimately ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 15 27 increases increase VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 15 28 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 15 29 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 15 30 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 15 31 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 15 32 comparison comparison NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 15 33 to to ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 15 34 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 15 35 conventional conventional ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 15 36 coolants coolant NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 16 1 [ [ PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 16 2 2].thermal 2].thermal ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 16 3 conductivities conductivity NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 16 4 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 16 5 zinc zinc NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 16 6 oxide oxide NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 16 7 water water NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 16 8 based base VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 16 9 nanofluids nanofluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 16 10 was be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 16 11 determined determine VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 16 12 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 16 13 lee lee PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 16 14 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 16 15 his his PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 16 16 colleagues colleague NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 17 1 [ [ X american_scientific_journal-1813 17 2 3 3 X american_scientific_journal-1813 17 3 ] ] PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 17 4 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 17 5 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 17 6 help help NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 17 7 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 17 8 transient transient ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 17 9 hot hot ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 17 10 wire wire NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 17 11 method method NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 17 12 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 17 13 it it PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 17 14 was be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 17 15 clear clear ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 17 16 from from ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 17 17 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 17 18 results result NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 17 19 that that SCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 17 20 thermal thermal ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 17 21 conductivity conductivity NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 17 22 mainly mainly ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 17 23 depends depend VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 17 24 upon upon SCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 17 25 particle particle NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 17 26 size size NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 17 27 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 17 28 shape shape NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 17 29 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 18 1 it it PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 18 2 was be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 18 3 shown show VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 18 4 higher high ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 18 5 thermal thermal ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 18 6 conductivity conductivity NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 18 7 instead instead ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 18 8 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 18 9 water water NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 18 10 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 18 11 e.g. e.g. ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 18 12 it it PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 18 13 was be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 18 14 found find VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 18 15 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 18 16 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 18 17 das das PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 18 18 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 18 19 his his PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 18 20 colleagues colleague NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 19 1 [ [ X american_scientific_journal-1813 19 2 4 4 X american_scientific_journal-1813 19 3 ] ] PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 20 1 that that SCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 20 2 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 20 3 thermal thermal ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 20 4 conductivity conductivity NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 20 5 was be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 20 6 varying vary VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 20 7 directly directly ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 20 8 with with ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 20 9 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 20 10 temperature temperature NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 20 11 gradient gradient NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 20 12 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 20 13 fluid fluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 20 14 entering entering NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 20 15 or or CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 20 16 leaving leave VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 20 17 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 20 18 radiator radiator NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 20 19 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 21 1 it it PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 21 2 was be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 21 3 also also ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 21 4 said say VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 21 5 that that SCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 21 6 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 21 7 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 21 8 conduction conduction NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 21 9 is be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 21 10 more more ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 21 11 due due ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 21 12 to to ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 21 13 increased increase VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 21 14 surface surface NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 21 15 area area NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 21 16 for for ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 21 17 transferring transfer VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 21 18 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 21 19 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 21 20 it it PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 21 21 was be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 21 22 due due ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 21 23 to to ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 21 24 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 21 25 greater great ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 21 26 number number NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 21 27 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 21 28 particles particle NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 21 29 present present ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 21 30 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 22 1 according accord VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 22 2 to to ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 22 3 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 22 4 analysis analysis NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 22 5 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 22 6 doubt doubt NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 22 7 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 22 8 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 22 9 results result NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 22 10 found find VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 22 11 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 22 12 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 22 13 percentage percentage NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 22 14 errors error NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 22 15 observed observe VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 22 16 regarding regard VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 22 17 reynolds reynolds PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 22 18 number number NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 22 19 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 22 20 nusselt nusselt NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 22 21 number number NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 22 22 were be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 22 23 almost almost ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 22 24 5.2 5.2 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 22 25 % % NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 22 26 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 22 27 18 18 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 22 28 % % NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 22 29 respectively respectively ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 22 30 [ [ X american_scientific_journal-1813 22 31 5 5 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 22 32 ] ] PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 22 33 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 23 1 reference reference NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 23 2 [ [ X american_scientific_journal-1813 23 3 6 6 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 23 4 ] ] PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 23 5 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 23 6 a a DET american_scientific_journal-1813 23 7 comprehensive comprehensive ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 23 8 articles article NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 23 9 regarding regard VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 23 10 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 23 11 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 23 12 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 23 13 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 23 14 nano nano NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 23 15 fluids fluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 23 16 were be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 23 17 published publish VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 23 18 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 23 19 articles article NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 23 20 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 23 21 godson godson PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 23 22 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 23 23 his his PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 23 24 colleagues colleague NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 23 25 [ [ X american_scientific_journal-1813 23 26 7,8,9 7,8,9 NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 23 27 ] ] SYM american_scientific_journal-1813 23 28 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 24 1 2 2 X american_scientific_journal-1813 24 2 . . X american_scientific_journal-1813 24 3 experimental experimental ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 24 4 setup setup NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 24 5 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 24 6 data data NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 24 7 reduction reduction NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 24 8 2.1 2.1 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 24 9 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 25 1 experimental experimental ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 25 2 setup setup NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 25 3 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 25 4 order order NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 25 5 to to PART american_scientific_journal-1813 25 6 prove prove VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 25 7 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 25 8 higher high ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 25 9 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 25 10 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 25 11 rate rate NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 25 12 for for ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 25 13 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 25 14 nanofluids nanofluids ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 25 15 experimental experimental ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 25 16 setup setup NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 25 17 was be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 25 18 developed develop VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 25 19 as as SCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 25 20 shown show VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 25 21 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 25 22 figure figure NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 25 23 1 1 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 25 24 with with ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 25 25 schematic schematic ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 25 26 diagram diagram NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 25 27 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 25 28 figure figure NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 25 29 2 2 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 26 1 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 26 2 since since SCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 26 3 it it PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 26 4 is be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 26 5 research research NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 26 6 on on ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 26 7 car car NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 26 8 radiator radiator NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 26 9 so so SCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 26 10 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 26 11 setup setup NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 26 12 resembles resemble VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 26 13 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 26 14 car car NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 26 15 cooling cool VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 26 16 system system NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 26 17 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 26 18 which which PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 26 19 an an DET american_scientific_journal-1813 26 20 artificial artificial ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 26 21 electrical electrical ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 26 22 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 26 23 source source NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 26 24 was be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 26 25 installed instal VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 26 26 having have VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 26 27 power power NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 26 28 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 26 29 4kw 4kw NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 26 30 to to PART american_scientific_journal-1813 26 31 higher high ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 26 32 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 26 33 temperature temperature NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 26 34 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 26 35 fluid fluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 26 36 to to ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 26 37 a a DET american_scientific_journal-1813 26 38 specified specify VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 26 39 limit limit NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 26 40 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 26 41 then then ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 26 42 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 26 43 fluid fluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 26 44 was be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 26 45 allowed allow VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 26 46 to to PART american_scientific_journal-1813 26 47 move move VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 26 48 to to ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 26 49 radiator radiator NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 26 50 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 26 51 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 26 52 help help NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 26 53 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 26 54 centrifugal centrifugal ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 26 55 pump pump NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 26 56 after after ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 26 57 maintaining maintain VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 26 58 a a DET american_scientific_journal-1813 26 59 required require VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 26 60 temperature temperature NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 26 61 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 26 62 flow flow NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 26 63 rate rate NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 26 64 have have VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 26 65 a a DET american_scientific_journal-1813 26 66 great great ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 26 67 importance importance NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 26 68 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 26 69 this this DET american_scientific_journal-1813 26 70 research research NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 26 71 so so SCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 26 72 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 26 73 fluid fluid ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 26 74 flow flow NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 26 75 rate rate NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 26 76 was be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 26 77 controlled control VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 26 78 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 26 79 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 26 80 variable variable ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 26 81 area area NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 26 82 flow flow NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 26 83 meter meter NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 26 84 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 26 85 which which PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 26 86 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 26 87 flow flow NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 26 88 rate rate NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 26 89 was be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 26 90 controlled control VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 26 91 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 26 92 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 26 93 flow flow NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 26 94 regulation regulation NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 26 95 valve valve NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 26 96 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 26 97 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 26 98 extra extra ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 26 99 fluid fluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 26 100 was be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 26 101 sent send VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 26 102 back back ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 26 103 to to ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 26 104 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 26 105 fluid fluid ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 26 106 tank tank NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 26 107 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 26 108 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 26 109 - - PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 26 110 pass pass VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 26 111 flow flow NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 26 112 valve valve NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 26 113 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 27 1 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 27 2 fluid fluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 27 3 was be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 27 4 cooled cool VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 27 5 down down ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 27 6 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 27 7 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 27 8 radiator radiator NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 27 9 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 27 10 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 27 11 forced force VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 27 12 convection convection NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 27 13 done do VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 27 14 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 27 15 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 27 16 fan fan NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 27 17 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 27 18 exchanging exchange VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 27 19 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 27 20 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 27 21 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 27 22 fluid fluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 27 23 to to ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 27 24 atmosphere atmosphere NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 27 25 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 27 26 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 27 27 temperatures temperature NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 27 28 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 27 29 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 27 30 fluid fluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 27 31 entering entering NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 27 32 or or CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 27 33 leaving leave VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 27 34 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 27 35 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 27 36 exchanger exchanger NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 27 37 were be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 27 38 observed observe VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 27 39 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 27 40 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 27 41 digitally digitally ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 27 42 controlled control VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 27 43 thermometers thermometer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 27 44 that that PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 27 45 also also ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 27 46 have have VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 27 47 a a DET american_scientific_journal-1813 27 48 capability capability NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 27 49 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 27 50 setting set VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 27 51 a a DET american_scientific_journal-1813 27 52 temperature temperature NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 27 53 limit limit NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 27 54 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 28 1 2.2 2.2 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 28 2 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 29 1 data datum NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 29 2 reduction reduction NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 29 3 an an DET american_scientific_journal-1813 29 4 important important ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 29 5 factor factor NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 29 6 named name VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 29 7 bulk bulk ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 29 8 temperature temperature NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 29 9 was be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 29 10 calculated calculate VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 29 11 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 29 12 taking take VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 29 13 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 29 14 average average NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 29 15 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 29 16 temperatures temperature NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 29 17 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 29 18 fluid fluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 29 19 entering entering NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 29 20 or or CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 29 21 leaving leave VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 29 22 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 29 23 radiator radiator NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 29 24 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 29 25 it it PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 29 26 was be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 29 27 used use VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 29 28 to to PART american_scientific_journal-1813 29 29 determine determine VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 29 30 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 29 31 different different ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 29 32 properties property NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 29 33 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 30 1 density density NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 30 2 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 30 3 specific specific ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 30 4 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 30 5 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 30 6 nanofluids nanofluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 30 7 were be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 30 8 calculated calculate VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 30 9 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 30 10 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 30 11 relations relation NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 30 12 given give VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 30 13 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 30 14 [ [ X american_scientific_journal-1813 30 15 10,11 10,11 NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 30 16 ] ] PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 30 17 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 31 1 american american PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 31 2 scientific scientific ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 31 3 research research PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 31 4 journal journal NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 31 5 for for ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 31 6 engineering engineering NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 31 7 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 31 8 technology technology NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 31 9 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 31 10 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 31 11 sciences science NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 31 12 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 31 13 asrjets asrjet NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 31 14 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 31 15 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 31 16 2016 2016 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 31 17 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 31 18 volume volume NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 31 19 21 21 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 31 20 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 31 21 no no DET american_scientific_journal-1813 31 22 1 1 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 31 23 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 31 24 pp pp ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 31 25 194 194 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 31 26 - - SYM american_scientific_journal-1813 31 27 201 201 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 31 28 196 196 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 31 29 figure figure NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 31 30 1 1 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 31 31 : : PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 31 32 experimental experimental ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 31 33 setup setup NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 31 34 figure figure NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 31 35 2 2 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 31 36 : : PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 31 37 line line NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 31 38 diagram diagram NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 31 39 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 31 40 experimental experimental ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 31 41 setup setup NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 31 42 ρ(n ρ(n PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 31 43 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 32 1 f f X american_scientific_journal-1813 32 2 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 32 3 = = SYM american_scientific_journal-1813 32 4 𝛳𝛳 𝛳𝛳 PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 32 5 βˆ—Ο βˆ—Ο NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 32 6 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 32 7 p p NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 32 8 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 32 9 + + CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 32 10 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 32 11 1 1 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 32 12 - - PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 32 13 ΞΈ)*ρ ΞΈ)*ρ NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 32 14 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 32 15 b.f b.f PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 32 16 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 32 17 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 32 18 1 1 X american_scientific_journal-1813 32 19 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 32 20 𝐢𝐢𝐢𝐢(𝑛𝑛. 𝐢𝐢𝐢𝐢(𝑛𝑛. DET american_scientific_journal-1813 32 21 𝑓𝑓 𝑓𝑓 NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 32 22 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 32 23 = = SYM american_scientific_journal-1813 32 24 𝛳𝛳 𝛳𝛳 PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 32 25 βˆ— βˆ— NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 32 26 𝐢𝐢𝐢𝐢(𝐢𝐢 𝐢𝐢𝐢𝐢(𝐢𝐢 NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 32 27 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 33 1 + + CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 33 2 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 33 3 1 1 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 33 4 - - PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 33 5 ΞΈ)*cp ΞΈ)*cp PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 33 6 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 33 7 b.f b.f NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 33 8 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 33 9 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 33 10 2 2 X american_scientific_journal-1813 33 11 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 33 12 where where SCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 33 13 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 33 14 parameters parameter NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 33 15 ρ ρ PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 33 16 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 33 17 ΞΈ ΞΈ PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 33 18 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 33 19 cp cp PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 33 20 were be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 33 21 showing show VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 33 22 density density NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 33 23 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 33 24 volumetric volumetric ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 33 25 concentration concentration NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 33 26 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 33 27 nanoparticle nanoparticle NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 33 28 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 33 29 specific specific ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 33 30 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 33 31 at at ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 33 32 constant constant ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 33 33 pressure pressure NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 33 34 respectively respectively ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 33 35 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 33 36 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 33 37 addition addition NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 33 38 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 33 39 parameters parameter NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 33 40 n.f n.f PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 33 41 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 33 42 b.f b.f PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 33 43 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 33 44 p p NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 33 45 are be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 33 46 for for ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 33 47 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 33 48 nanofluid nanofluid ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 33 49 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 33 50 base base NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 33 51 fluid fluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 33 52 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 33 53 particle particle NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 33 54 respectively respectively ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 33 55 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 34 1 calculation calculation NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 34 2 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 34 3 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 34 4 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 34 5 was be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 34 6 done do VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 34 7 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 34 8 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 34 9 relation relation NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 34 10 𝑄𝑄 𝑄𝑄 PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 35 1 = = PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 36 1 ṁcp(t1 ṁcp(t1 CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 36 2 βˆ’ βˆ’ PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 36 3 t2 t2 PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 36 4 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 36 5 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 36 6 3 3 X american_scientific_journal-1813 36 7 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 36 8 where where SCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 36 9 q q NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 36 10 is be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 36 11 for for ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 36 12 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 36 13 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 36 14 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 36 15 ṁ ṁ PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 36 16 is be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 36 17 mass mass ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 36 18 flow flow NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 36 19 rate rate NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 36 20 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 36 21 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 36 22 fuid fuid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 36 23 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 36 24 t1 t1 NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 36 25 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 36 26 t2 t2 NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 36 27 are be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 36 28 for for ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 36 29 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 36 30 radiator radiator NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 36 31 inlet inlet NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 36 32 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 36 33 outlet outlet NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 36 34 temperature temperature NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 36 35 respectively respectively ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 36 36 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 37 1 american american ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 37 2 scientific scientific ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 37 3 research research PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 37 4 journal journal NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 37 5 for for ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 37 6 engineering engineering NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 37 7 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 37 8 technology technology NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 37 9 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 37 10 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 37 11 sciences science NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 37 12 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 37 13 asrjets asrjet NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 37 14 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 37 15 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 37 16 2016 2016 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 37 17 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 37 18 volume volume NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 37 19 21 21 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 37 20 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 37 21 no no DET american_scientific_journal-1813 37 22 1 1 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 37 23 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 37 24 pp pp ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 37 25 194 194 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 37 26 - - SYM american_scientific_journal-1813 37 27 201 201 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 37 28 197 197 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 37 29 dimensionless dimensionless NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 37 30 numbers number NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 37 31 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 37 32 reynolds reynold NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 37 33 number number NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 37 34 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 37 35 nusselt nusselt NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 37 36 number number NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 37 37 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 37 38 holds hold VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 37 39 an an DET american_scientific_journal-1813 37 40 enough enough ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 37 41 importance importance NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 37 42 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 37 43 that that DET american_scientific_journal-1813 37 44 research research NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 37 45 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 37 46 was be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 37 47 determined determine VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 37 48 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 37 49 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 37 50 relation relation NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 37 51 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 37 52 = = PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 37 53 πœŒπœŒβˆ—π‘£π‘£βˆ—π·π·β„Ž πœŒπœŒβˆ—π‘£π‘£βˆ—π·π·β„Ž VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 37 54 πœ‡πœ‡ πœ‡πœ‡ ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 37 55 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 37 56 4 4 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 37 57 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 37 58 where where SCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 37 59 re re NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 37 60 is be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 37 61 showing show VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 37 62 reynolds reynolds PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 37 63 number number NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 37 64 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 37 65 v v NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 37 66 is be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 37 67 for for ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 37 68 fluid fluid ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 37 69 flowing flow VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 37 70 velocity velocity NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 37 71 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 37 72 dh dh NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 37 73 is be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 37 74 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 37 75 hydraulic hydraulic ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 37 76 diameter diameter NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 37 77 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 37 78 radiator radiator NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 37 79 tubes tube NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 37 80 along along ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 37 81 which which PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 37 82 nano nano NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 37 83 coolant coolant NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 37 84 is be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 37 85 flowing flow VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 37 86 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 37 87 ΞΌ ΞΌ PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 37 88 is be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 37 89 showing show VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 37 90 dynamic dynamic ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 37 91 viscosity viscosity NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 37 92 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 38 1 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 38 2 dynamic dynamic ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 38 3 viscosity viscosity NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 38 4 for for ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 38 5 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 38 6 nanofluids nanofluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 38 7 was be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 38 8 calculated calculate VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 38 9 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 38 10 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 38 11 relation relation NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 38 12 purposed purpose VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 38 13 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 38 14 wang wang PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 38 15 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 38 16 his his PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 38 17 colleagues colleague NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 38 18 [ [ X american_scientific_journal-1813 38 19 12 12 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 38 20 ] ] SYM american_scientific_journal-1813 38 21 πœ‡πœ‡(𝑛𝑛.𝑓𝑓 πœ‡πœ‡(𝑛𝑛.𝑓𝑓 NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 38 22 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 38 23 = = SYM american_scientific_journal-1813 38 24 πœ‡πœ‡(𝑏𝑏. πœ‡πœ‡(𝑏𝑏. NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 38 25 𝑓𝑓 𝑓𝑓 NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 38 26 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 38 27 βˆ— βˆ— NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 38 28 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 38 29 1 1 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 38 30 + + CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 38 31 7.3𝛳𝛳 7.3𝛳𝛳 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 38 32 + + CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 38 33 123𝛳𝛳² 123𝛳𝛳² NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 38 34 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 38 35 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 38 36 5 5 X american_scientific_journal-1813 38 37 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 38 38 thermal thermal ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 38 39 conductivity conductivity NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 38 40 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 38 41 nanofluids nanofluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 38 42 were be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 38 43 determined determine VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 38 44 according accord VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 38 45 to to ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 38 46 hamilton hamilton PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 38 47 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 38 48 crosser crosser NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 39 1 [ [ X american_scientific_journal-1813 39 2 13 13 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 39 3 ] ] PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 39 4 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 39 5 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 39 6 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 39 7 relation relation NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 39 8 𝐾𝐾(𝑛𝑛. 𝐾𝐾(𝑛𝑛. PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 39 9 𝑓𝑓 𝑓𝑓 PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 39 10 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 39 11 = = SYM american_scientific_journal-1813 39 12 𝐾𝐾(𝑝𝑝 𝐾𝐾(𝑝𝑝 PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 39 13 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 40 1 + + ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 40 2 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 40 3 Ο‰βˆ’1)βˆ—k(b.f)βˆ’ΞΈ(Ο‰βˆ’1)(k(b.f)βˆ’k(p Ο‰βˆ’1)βˆ—k(b.f)βˆ’ΞΈ(Ο‰βˆ’1)(k(b.f)βˆ’k(p NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 40 4 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 40 5 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 41 1 𝐾𝐾(𝑝𝑝)+(Ο‰βˆ’1)βˆ—k(b.f)βˆ’ΞΈβˆ—(k(b.f)βˆ’k(p 𝐾𝐾(𝑝𝑝)+(Ο‰βˆ’1)βˆ—k(b.f)βˆ’ΞΈβˆ—(k(b.f)βˆ’k(p PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 41 2 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 41 3 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 42 1 βˆ— βˆ— NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 42 2 𝐾𝐾(𝑏𝑏. 𝐾𝐾(𝑏𝑏. PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 42 3 𝑓𝑓 𝑓𝑓 PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 42 4 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 42 5 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 42 6 6 6 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 42 7 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 42 8 k k X american_scientific_journal-1813 42 9 is be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 42 10 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 42 11 thermal thermal ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 42 12 conductivity conductivity NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 42 13 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 42 14 Ο‰ Ο‰ PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 42 15 is be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 42 16 representing represent VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 42 17 empirical empirical ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 42 18 shape shape NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 42 19 factor factor NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 42 20 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 42 21 nano nano NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 42 22 - - PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 42 23 particle particle NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 42 24 added add VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 42 25 to to ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 42 26 base base NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 42 27 fluid fluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 42 28 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 42 29 its its PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 42 30 value value NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 42 31 for for ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 42 32 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 42 33 spherical spherical ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 42 34 shaped shape VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 42 35 particle particle NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 42 36 is be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 42 37 considered consider VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 42 38 as as ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 42 39 3 3 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 42 40 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 42 41 coefficient coefficient NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 42 42 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 42 43 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 42 44 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 42 45 h h NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 42 46 was be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 42 47 calculated calculate VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 42 48 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 42 49 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 42 50 formula formula NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 42 51 𝐻𝐻 𝐻𝐻 PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 42 52 = = SYM american_scientific_journal-1813 42 53 ṁcp(t1βˆ’t2 ṁcp(t1βˆ’t2 NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 42 54 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 42 55 a(tβˆ’tw a(tβˆ’tw NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 42 56 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 42 57 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 42 58 7 7 X american_scientific_journal-1813 42 59 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 42 60 where where SCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 42 61 a a DET american_scientific_journal-1813 42 62 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 42 63 t t PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 42 64 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 42 65 tw tw NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 42 66 are be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 42 67 representing represent VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 42 68 peripheral peripheral ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 42 69 area area NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 42 70 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 42 71 tubes tube NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 42 72 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 42 73 average average ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 42 74 bulk bulk ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 42 75 temperature temperature NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 42 76 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 42 77 tube tube NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 42 78 wall wall NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 42 79 temperature temperature NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 42 80 respectively respectively ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 42 81 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 43 1 nusselt nusselt PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 43 2 number number NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 43 3 was be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 43 4 calculated calculate VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 43 5 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 43 6 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 43 7 relation relation NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 43 8 𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 43 9 = = SYM american_scientific_journal-1813 43 10 π»π»βˆ—π·π·β„Ž π»π»βˆ—π·π·β„Ž ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 43 11 𝐾𝐾 𝐾𝐾 PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 43 12 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 43 13 8) 8) NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 43 14 dh dh NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 43 15 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 43 16 hydraulic hydraulic ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 43 17 diameter diameter NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 43 18 was be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 43 19 found find VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 43 20 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 43 21 formula formula NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 43 22 π·π·β„Ž π·π·β„Ž NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 43 23 = = SYM american_scientific_journal-1813 43 24 4βˆ—π΄π΄ 4βˆ—π΄π΄ NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 43 25 𝑝𝑝 𝑝𝑝 NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 43 26 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 43 27 9 9 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 43 28 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 43 29 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 43 30 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 43 31 relations relation NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 43 32 for for ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 43 33 a a DET american_scientific_journal-1813 43 34 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 43 35 peripheral peripheral ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 43 36 area area NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 43 37 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 43 38 p p X american_scientific_journal-1813 43 39 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 43 40 perimeter perimeter NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 43 41 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 43 42 radiator radiator NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 43 43 tubes tube NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 43 44 having have VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 43 45 cylindrical cylindrical PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 43 46 cross cross NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 43 47 section section NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 43 48 were be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 43 49 𝐴𝐴 𝐴𝐴 PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 43 50 = = SYM american_scientific_journal-1813 43 51 πœ‹πœ‹ πœ‹πœ‹ ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 43 52 4 4 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 43 53 βˆ— βˆ— NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 43 54 𝑑𝑑22 𝑑𝑑22 PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 43 55 + + CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 43 56 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 43 57 𝑑𝑑1 𝑑𝑑1 NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 43 58 βˆ’ βˆ’ PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 43 59 𝑑𝑑2 𝑑𝑑2 PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 43 60 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 43 61 βˆ— βˆ— NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 43 62 𝑑𝑑2 𝑑𝑑2 PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 43 63 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 43 64 10 10 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 43 65 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 43 66 𝐢𝐢 𝐢𝐢 NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 43 67 = = SYM american_scientific_journal-1813 43 68 πœ‹πœ‹ πœ‹πœ‹ PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 44 1 βˆ— βˆ— X american_scientific_journal-1813 44 2 𝑑𝑑2 𝑑𝑑2 PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 45 1 + + CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 45 2 2 2 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 45 3 βˆ— βˆ— NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 45 4 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 45 5 𝑑𝑑1 𝑑𝑑1 NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 45 6 βˆ’ βˆ’ PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 45 7 𝑑𝑑2 𝑑𝑑2 PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 45 8 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 45 9 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 45 10 11 11 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 45 11 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 45 12 american american ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 45 13 scientific scientific ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 45 14 research research NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 45 15 journal journal NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 45 16 for for ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 45 17 engineering engineering NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 45 18 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 45 19 technology technology NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 45 20 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 45 21 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 45 22 sciences science NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 45 23 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 45 24 asrjets asrjet NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 45 25 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 45 26 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 45 27 2016 2016 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 45 28 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 45 29 volume volume NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 45 30 21 21 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 45 31 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 45 32 no no DET american_scientific_journal-1813 45 33 1 1 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 45 34 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 45 35 pp pp ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 45 36 194 194 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 45 37 - - SYM american_scientific_journal-1813 45 38 201 201 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 45 39 198 198 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 45 40 where where SCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 45 41 d1 d1 PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 45 42 is be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 45 43 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 45 44 major major ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 45 45 diameter diameter NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 45 46 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 45 47 d2 d2 PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 45 48 is be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 45 49 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 45 50 minor minor ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 45 51 diameter diameter NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 45 52 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 45 53 cylindrical cylindrical ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 45 54 tube tube NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 45 55 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 46 1 u u PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 46 2 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 46 3 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 46 4 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 46 5 coefficient coefficient NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 46 6 overall overall ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 46 7 was be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 46 8 determined determine VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 46 9 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 46 10 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 46 11 relation relation NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 46 12 π‘ˆπ‘ˆ π‘ˆπ‘ˆ PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 46 13 = = SYM american_scientific_journal-1813 46 14 𝑄𝑄 𝑄𝑄 PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 46 15 π΄π΄βˆ—πΏπΏπΏπΏπΏπΏπ·π· π΄π΄βˆ—πΏπΏπΏπΏπΏπΏπ·π· NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 46 16 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 46 17 12 12 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 46 18 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 46 19 lmtd lmtd NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 46 20 for for ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 46 21 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 46 22 radiator radiator NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 46 23 was be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 46 24 determined determine VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 46 25 using use VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 46 26 formula formula NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 46 27 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐷𝐷 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐷𝐷 PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 46 28 = = SYM american_scientific_journal-1813 46 29 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 46 30 𝐿𝐿1βˆ’πΏπΏ2 𝐿𝐿1βˆ’πΏπΏ2 PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 46 31 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 46 32 ln ln NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 47 1 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 47 2 𝑇𝑇1𝑇𝑇2 𝑇𝑇1𝑇𝑇2 NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 47 3 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 47 4 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 47 5 13 13 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 47 6 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 47 7 3 3 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 47 8 . . NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 47 9 results result NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 47 10 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 47 11 discussions discussion NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 47 12 to to PART american_scientific_journal-1813 47 13 prove prove VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 47 14 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 47 15 experimental experimental ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 47 16 results result NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 47 17 authenticated authenticate VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 47 18 nusselt nusselt NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 47 19 number number NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 47 20 for for ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 47 21 pure pure ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 47 22 water water NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 47 23 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 47 24 for for ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 47 25 zno zno NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 47 26 at at ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 47 27 0.2 0.2 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 47 28 % % NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 47 29 volumetric volumetric NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 47 30 concentration concentration NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 47 31 was be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 47 32 found find VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 47 33 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 47 34 was be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 47 35 compared compare VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 47 36 with with ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 47 37 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 47 38 previously previously ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 47 39 investigated investigate VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 47 40 results result NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 47 41 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 47 42 water water NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 47 43 being be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 47 44 tested test VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 47 45 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 47 46 a a DET american_scientific_journal-1813 47 47 car car NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 47 48 radiator radiator NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 47 49 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 47 50 peyghambarzadeh peyghambarzadeh NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 47 51 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 47 52 his his PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 47 53 colleagues colleague NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 48 1 [ [ X american_scientific_journal-1813 48 2 14 14 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 48 3 ] ] PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 48 4 as as SCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 48 5 shown show VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 48 6 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 48 7 figure figure NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 48 8 3 3 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 48 9 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 48 10 figure figure VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 48 11 3 3 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 48 12 : : PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 48 13 comparison comparison NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 48 14 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 48 15 experimental experimental ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 48 16 results result NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 48 17 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 48 18 pure pure ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 48 19 water water NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 48 20 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 48 21 zno zno NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 48 22 at at ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 48 23 0.2 0.2 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 48 24 % % NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 48 25 with with ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 48 26 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 48 27 peyghambarzadeh peyghambarzadeh NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 48 28 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 48 29 his his PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 48 30 colleagues colleague NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 48 31 [ [ X american_scientific_journal-1813 48 32 14 14 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 48 33 ] ] PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 48 34 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 49 1 figure figure NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 49 2 3 3 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 49 3 was be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 49 4 showing show VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 49 5 good good ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 49 6 comparison comparison NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 49 7 between between ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 49 8 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 49 9 experimental experimental ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 49 10 results result NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 49 11 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 49 12 previous previous ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 49 13 results result NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 49 14 for for ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 49 15 pure pure ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 49 16 water water NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 49 17 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 49 18 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 49 19 peyghambarzadeh peyghambarzadeh NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 49 20 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 49 21 his his PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 49 22 colleagues colleague NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 49 23 [ [ X american_scientific_journal-1813 49 24 14 14 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 49 25 ] ] PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 49 26 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 49 27 it it PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 49 28 is be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 49 29 clearly clearly ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 49 30 shown show VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 49 31 from from ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 49 32 figure figure NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 49 33 3 3 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 49 34 that that PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 49 35 water water NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 49 36 gives give VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 49 37 higher high ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 49 38 nusselt nusselt NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 49 39 number number NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 49 40 as as ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 49 41 compared compare VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 49 42 to to ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 49 43 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 49 44 zno zno PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 49 45 . . PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 49 46 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 49 47 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 49 48 have have VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 49 49 a a DET american_scientific_journal-1813 49 50 great great ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 49 51 importance importance NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 49 52 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 49 53 this this DET american_scientific_journal-1813 49 54 study study NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 49 55 so so SCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 49 56 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 49 57 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 49 58 for for ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 49 59 different different ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 49 60 concentrations concentration NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 49 61 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 49 62 zno zno NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 49 63 nanofluids nanofluids PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 49 64 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 49 65 0.1 0.1 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 49 66 % % NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 49 67 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 49 68 0.2 0.2 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 49 69 % % NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 49 70 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 49 71 0.3 0.3 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 49 72 % % NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 49 73 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 49 74 0.4 0.4 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 49 75 % % NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 49 76 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 49 77 was be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 49 78 determined determine VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 49 79 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 49 80 variation variation NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 49 81 with with ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 49 82 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 49 83 flow flow NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 49 84 rate rate NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 49 85 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 49 86 compared compare VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 49 87 with with ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 49 88 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 49 89 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 49 90 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 49 91 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 49 92 water water NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 49 93 as as SCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 49 94 shown show VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 49 95 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 49 96 figure figure NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 49 97 4 4 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 49 98 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 50 1 it it PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 50 2 is be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 50 3 clearly clearly ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 50 4 shown show VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 50 5 from from ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 50 6 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 50 7 figure figure NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 50 8 4 4 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 50 9 that that PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 50 10 water water NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 50 11 gives give VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 50 12 less less ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 50 13 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 50 14 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 50 15 as as SCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 50 16 compared compare VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 50 17 to to ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 50 18 zno zno PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 50 19 nanofluid nanofluid PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 50 20 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 50 21 maximum maximum ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 50 22 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 50 23 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 50 24 was be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 50 25 given give VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 50 26 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 50 27 zno zno NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 50 28 at at ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 50 29 0.2 0.2 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 50 30 % % NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 50 31 volume volume NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 50 32 fraction fraction NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 50 33 it it PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 50 34 is be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 50 35 because because SCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 50 36 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 50 37 solid solid ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 50 38 particles particle NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 50 39 added add VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 50 40 to to PART american_scientific_journal-1813 50 41 base base VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 50 42 american american ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 50 43 scientific scientific ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 50 44 research research NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 50 45 journal journal NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 50 46 for for ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 50 47 engineering engineering NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 50 48 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 50 49 technology technology NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 50 50 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 50 51 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 50 52 sciences science NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 50 53 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 50 54 asrjets asrjet NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 50 55 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 50 56 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 50 57 2016 2016 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 50 58 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 50 59 volume volume NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 50 60 21 21 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 50 61 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 50 62 no no DET american_scientific_journal-1813 50 63 1 1 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 50 64 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 50 65 pp pp ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 50 66 194 194 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 50 67 - - SYM american_scientific_journal-1813 50 68 201 201 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 50 69 199 199 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 50 70 fluid fluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 50 71 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 50 72 nano nano NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 50 73 size size NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 50 74 to to PART american_scientific_journal-1813 50 75 make make VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 50 76 it it PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 50 77 nanofluid nanofluid ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 50 78 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 51 1 as as SCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 51 2 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 51 3 particle particle NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 51 4 is be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 51 5 added add VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 51 6 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 51 7 thermal thermal ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 51 8 conductivity conductivity NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 51 9 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 51 10 fluid fluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 51 11 is be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 51 12 increased increase VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 51 13 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 51 14 it it PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 51 15 shown show VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 51 16 more more ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 51 17 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 51 18 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 51 19 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 52 1 figure figure NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 52 2 4 4 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 52 3 : : PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 52 4 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 52 5 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 52 6 comparison comparison NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 52 7 between between ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 52 8 water water NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 52 9 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 52 10 different different ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 52 11 concentrations concentration NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 52 12 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 52 13 zno zno PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 52 14 nanofluid nanofluid PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 1 log log NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 2 mean mean VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 53 3 temperature temperature NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 4 difference difference NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 5 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 53 6 lmtd lmtd NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 7 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 53 8 is be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 53 9 a a DET american_scientific_journal-1813 53 10 key key ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 53 11 factor factor NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 12 to to PART american_scientific_journal-1813 53 13 define define VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 53 14 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 53 15 efficiency efficiency NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 16 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 53 17 a a DET american_scientific_journal-1813 53 18 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 19 exchanger exchanger NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 20 so so SCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 53 21 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 53 22 overall overall ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 53 23 coefficient coefficient NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 24 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 53 25 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 26 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 27 was be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 53 28 determined determine VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 53 29 for for SCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 53 30 all all DET american_scientific_journal-1813 53 31 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 53 32 concentrations concentration NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 33 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 53 34 zno zno NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 35 discussed discuss VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 53 36 earlier early ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 53 37 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 53 38 compared compare VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 53 39 with with ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 53 40 that that PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 53 41 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 53 42 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 53 43 pure pure ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 53 44 water water NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 45 determined determine VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 53 46 from from ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 53 47 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 53 48 lmtd lmtd NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 49 as as SCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 53 50 shown show VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 53 51 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 53 52 figure figure NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 53 5 5 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 53 54 figure figure NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 55 5 5 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 53 56 : : PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 53 57 overall overall ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 53 58 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 59 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 60 coefficient coefficient NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 61 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 53 62 flow flow NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 63 rate rate NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 64 zno zno NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 65 gives give VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 53 66 higher high ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 53 67 overall overall ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 53 68 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 69 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 70 coefficient coefficient NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 71 at at ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 53 72 0.2 0.2 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 53 73 % % NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 74 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 53 75 a a DET american_scientific_journal-1813 53 76 good good ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 53 77 comparison comparison NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 78 was be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 53 79 seen see VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 53 80 between between ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 53 81 water water NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 82 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 53 83 american american ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 53 84 scientific scientific ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 53 85 research research NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 86 journal journal NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 87 for for ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 53 88 engineering engineering NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 89 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 53 90 technology technology NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 91 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 53 92 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 53 93 sciences science NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 94 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 53 95 asrjets asrjet NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 96 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 53 97 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 53 98 2016 2016 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 53 99 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 53 100 volume volume NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 101 21 21 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 53 102 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 53 103 no no DET american_scientific_journal-1813 53 104 1 1 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 53 105 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 53 106 pp pp ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 53 107 194 194 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 53 108 - - SYM american_scientific_journal-1813 53 109 201 201 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 53 110 200 200 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 53 111 a a DET american_scientific_journal-1813 53 112 nanofluid nanofluid ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 53 113 results result NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 114 showing show VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 53 115 that that SCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 53 116 radiator radiator NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 117 works work VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 53 118 more more ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 53 119 efficiently efficiently ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 53 120 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 53 121 using use VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 53 122 nano nano ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 53 123 coolants coolant NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 124 instead instead ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 53 125 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 53 126 water water NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 53 127 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 54 1 4 4 X american_scientific_journal-1813 54 2 . . X american_scientific_journal-1813 54 3 conclusions conclusion NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 54 4 from from ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 54 5 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 54 6 results result NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 54 7 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 54 8 this this DET american_scientific_journal-1813 54 9 research research NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 54 10 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 54 11 some some DET american_scientific_journal-1813 54 12 important important ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 54 13 conclusions conclusion NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 54 14 were be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 54 15 drawn draw VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 54 16 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 55 1 β€’ β€’ NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 55 2 nanofluids nanofluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 55 3 can can AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 55 4 be be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 55 5 utilized utilize VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 55 6 as as ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 55 7 an an DET american_scientific_journal-1813 55 8 efficient efficient ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 55 9 coolant coolant NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 55 10 for for ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 55 11 automobile automobile NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 55 12 industries industry NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 55 13 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 56 1 β€’ β€’ NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 56 2 enhancement enhancement NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 56 3 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 56 4 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 56 5 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 56 6 using use VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 56 7 nanofluids nanofluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 56 8 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 56 9 comparison comparison NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 56 10 to to ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 56 11 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 56 12 base base NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 56 13 fluid fluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 56 14 has have AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 56 15 shown show VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 56 16 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 56 17 promising promising ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 56 18 future future NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 56 19 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 56 20 nano nano NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 56 21 coolants coolant NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 56 22 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 56 23 automotive automotive ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 56 24 industries industry NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 56 25 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 57 1 β€’ β€’ NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 57 2 increment increment NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 57 3 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 57 4 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 57 5 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 57 6 has have AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 57 7 also also ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 57 8 been be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 57 9 observed observe VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 57 10 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 57 11 increment increment NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 57 12 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 57 13 flow flow NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 57 14 rate rate NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 57 15 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 57 16 fluid fluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 57 17 corresponding corresponding NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 57 18 to to ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 57 19 reynolds reynolds PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 57 20 number number PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 57 21 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 58 1 β€’ β€’ NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 58 2 measureable measureable ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 58 3 amount amount NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 58 4 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 58 5 increase increase NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 58 6 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 58 7 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 58 8 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 58 9 using use VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 58 10 zno zno NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 58 11 nano nano NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 58 12 coolants coolant NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 58 13 have have AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 58 14 been be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 58 15 observed observe VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 58 16 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 58 17 0.2 0.2 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 58 18 % % NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 58 19 volumetric volumetric NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 58 20 concentration concentration NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 58 21 have have AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 58 22 shown show VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 58 23 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 58 24 maximum maximum ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 58 25 increment increment NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 58 26 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 58 27 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 58 28 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 58 29 from from ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 58 30 40 40 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 58 31 % % NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 58 32 to to PART american_scientific_journal-1813 58 33 60 60 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 58 34 % % NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 58 35 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 59 1 β€’ β€’ NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 59 2 increase increase VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 59 3 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 59 4 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 59 5 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 59 6 have have AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 59 7 been be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 59 8 observed observe VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 59 9 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 59 10 increasing increase VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 59 11 volumetric volumetric ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 59 12 concentration concentration NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 59 13 but but CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 59 14 up up ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 59 15 to to PART american_scientific_journal-1813 59 16 0.2 0.2 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 59 17 % % NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 60 1 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 60 2 after after SCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 60 3 that that DET american_scientific_journal-1813 60 4 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 60 5 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 60 6 is be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 60 7 going go VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 60 8 to to PART american_scientific_journal-1813 60 9 decline decline VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 60 10 by by ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 60 11 increasing increase VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 60 12 particle particle NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 60 13 fraction fraction NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 60 14 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 61 1 β€’ β€’ NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 61 2 automobile automobile NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 61 3 radiators radiator NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 61 4 size size NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 61 5 can can AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 61 6 be be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 61 7 reduced reduce VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 61 8 due due ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 61 9 to to ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 61 10 improvement improvement NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 61 11 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 61 12 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 61 13 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 61 14 because because SCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 61 15 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 61 16 which which PRON american_scientific_journal-1813 61 17 drag drag NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 61 18 force force NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 61 19 can can AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 61 20 be be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 61 21 reduced reduce VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 61 22 results result NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 61 23 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 61 24 decreasing decrease VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 61 25 fuel fuel NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 61 26 consumption consumption NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 61 27 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 61 28 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 61 29 addition addition NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 61 30 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 61 31 weight weight NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 61 32 can can AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 61 33 also also ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 61 34 be be AUX american_scientific_journal-1813 61 35 reduced reduce VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 61 36 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 62 1 references reference NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 62 2 [ [ X american_scientific_journal-1813 62 3 1 1 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 62 4 ] ] PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 62 5 kulkarni kulkarni PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 62 6 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 62 7 d. d. PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 62 8 p. p. PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 62 9 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 62 10 vajjha vajjha PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 62 11 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 62 12 r. r. PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 62 13 s. s. PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 62 14 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 62 15 das das PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 62 16 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 62 17 d. d. PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 62 18 k. k. PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 62 19 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 62 20 oliva oliva PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 62 21 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 62 22 d. d. PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 62 23 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 62 24 β€œ " PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 62 25 aluminum aluminum NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 62 26 oxide oxide NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 62 27 nanofluids nanofluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 62 28 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 62 29 diesel diesel NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 62 30 generator generator NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 62 31 as as ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 62 32 jacket jacket NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 62 33 water water NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 62 34 coolant coolant NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 62 35 ” " PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 62 36 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 62 37 applied apply VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 62 38 thermal thermal ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 62 39 engineering engineering NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 62 40 28 28 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 62 41 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 62 42 2008 2008 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 62 43 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 62 44 pp pp ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 62 45 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 63 1 1774 1774 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 63 2 - - SYM american_scientific_journal-1813 63 3 1781 1781 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 63 4 [ [ X american_scientific_journal-1813 63 5 2 2 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 63 6 ] ] SYM american_scientific_journal-1813 63 7 yu yu PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 63 8 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 63 9 w. w. PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 63 10 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 63 11 france france PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 63 12 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 63 13 d.m d.m PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 63 14 . . PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 63 15 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 63 16 choi choi PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 63 17 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 63 18 s.u.s s.u.s PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 63 19 . . PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 63 20 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 63 21 routbort routbort PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 63 22 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 63 23 j.l j.l PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 63 24 . . PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 63 25 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 63 26 β€œ " PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 63 27 review review NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 63 28 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 63 29 assessment assessment NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 63 30 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 63 31 nanofluid nanofluid ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 63 32 technology technology NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 63 33 for for ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 63 34 transportation transportation NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 63 35 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 63 36 other other ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 63 37 applications application NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 63 38 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 63 39 no.anl/ no.anl/ NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 63 40 esd/07 esd/07 ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 63 41 - - PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 63 42 9 9 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 63 43 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 63 44 ” " PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 63 45 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 63 46 energy energy NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 63 47 system system NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 63 48 division division NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 63 49 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 63 50 argonne argonne PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 63 51 national national PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 63 52 laboratory laboratory PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 63 53 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 63 54 argonne argonne PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 63 55 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 63 56 2007 2007 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 63 57 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 63 58 pp pp ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 63 59 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 64 1 109 109 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 64 2 - - SYM american_scientific_journal-1813 64 3 116 116 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 64 4 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 65 1 [ [ X american_scientific_journal-1813 65 2 3 3 X american_scientific_journal-1813 65 3 ] ] X american_scientific_journal-1813 65 4 lee lee PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 65 5 s s PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 65 6 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 65 7 choi choi PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 65 8 sus sus PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 65 9 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 65 10 li li PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 65 11 s s PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 65 12 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 65 13 eastman eastman PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 65 14 ja ja PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 65 15 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 65 16 measuring measure VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 65 17 thermal thermal ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 65 18 conductivity conductivity NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 65 19 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 65 20 fluids fluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 65 21 containing contain VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 65 22 oxide oxide NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 65 23 nano nano NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 65 24 particles particle NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 65 25 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 66 1 j j PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 66 2 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 66 3 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 66 4 1999 1999 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 66 5 ; ; PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 66 6 121(2):280e9 121(2):280e9 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 66 7 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 67 1 [ [ X american_scientific_journal-1813 67 2 4 4 X american_scientific_journal-1813 67 3 ] ] X american_scientific_journal-1813 67 4 das das PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 67 5 sk sk PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 67 6 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 67 7 putra putra PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 67 8 n n SYM american_scientific_journal-1813 67 9 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 67 10 thiesen thiesen NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 67 11 p p NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 67 12 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 67 13 roetzel roetzel PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 67 14 w. w. NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 67 15 temperature temperature NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 67 16 dependence dependence NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 67 17 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 67 18 thermal thermal ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 67 19 conductivity conductivity NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 67 20 enhancement enhancement NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 67 21 for for ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 67 22 nanofluids nanofluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 67 23 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 68 1 j j PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 68 2 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 68 3 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 68 4 2003 2003 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 68 5 ; ; PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 68 6 125(4):567e74 125(4):567e74 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 68 7 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 69 1 [ [ X american_scientific_journal-1813 69 2 5 5 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 69 3 ] ] X american_scientific_journal-1813 69 4 l. l. PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 69 5 godson godson PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 69 6 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 69 7 b. b. PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 69 8 raja raja PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 69 9 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 69 10 d. d. PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 69 11 mohan mohan PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 69 12 lal lal PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 69 13 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 69 14 s. s. PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 69 15 wongwises wongwises PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 69 16 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 69 17 enhancement enhancement NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 69 18 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 69 19 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 69 20 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 69 21 using use VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 69 22 nano nano NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 69 23 fluids fluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 69 24 an an DET american_scientific_journal-1813 69 25 overview overview NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 69 26 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 69 27 renewable renewable ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 69 28 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 69 29 sustainable sustainable ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 69 30 energy energy NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 69 31 reviews review NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 69 32 14 14 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 69 33 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 69 34 2010 2010 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 69 35 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 69 36 629e641 629e641 NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 69 37 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 70 1 [ [ X american_scientific_journal-1813 70 2 6 6 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 70 3 ] ] X american_scientific_journal-1813 70 4 r.j r.j PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 70 5 . . PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 70 6 moffat moffat PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 70 7 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 70 8 describing describe VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 70 9 the the DET american_scientific_journal-1813 70 10 uncertainties uncertainty NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 70 11 in in ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 70 12 experimental experimental ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 70 13 results result NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 70 14 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 70 15 experimental experimental ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 70 16 thermal thermal ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 70 17 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 70 18 fluid fluid ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 70 19 science science NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 70 20 1 1 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 70 21 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 70 22 1988 1988 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 70 23 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 70 24 3e17 3e17 NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 70 25 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 71 1 [ [ X american_scientific_journal-1813 71 2 7 7 X american_scientific_journal-1813 71 3 ] ] X american_scientific_journal-1813 71 4 l. l. PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 71 5 godson godson PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 71 6 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 71 7 b. b. PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 71 8 raja raja PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 71 9 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 71 10 d. d. PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 71 11 mohan mohan PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 71 12 lal lal PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 71 13 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 71 14 s. s. PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 71 15 wongwises wongwises PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 71 16 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 71 17 enhancement enhancement NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 71 18 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 71 19 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 71 20 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 71 21 using using NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 71 22 nanofluids nanofluid VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 71 23 an an DET american_scientific_journal-1813 71 24 overview overview NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 71 25 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 71 26 renewable renewable ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 71 27 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 71 28 sustainable sustainable ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 71 29 energy energy NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 71 30 review review NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 71 31 14 14 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 71 32 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 71 33 2010 2010 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 71 34 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 71 35 629e641 629e641 PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 71 36 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 72 1 american american ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 72 2 scientific scientific ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 72 3 research research PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 72 4 journal journal NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 72 5 for for ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 72 6 engineering engineering NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 72 7 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 72 8 technology technology NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 72 9 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 72 10 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 72 11 sciences science NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 72 12 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 72 13 asrjets asrjet NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 72 14 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 72 15 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 72 16 2016 2016 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 72 17 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 72 18 volume volume NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 72 19 21 21 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 72 20 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 72 21 no no DET american_scientific_journal-1813 72 22 1 1 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 72 23 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 72 24 pp pp ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 72 25 194 194 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 72 26 - - SYM american_scientific_journal-1813 72 27 201 201 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 72 28 201 201 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 72 29 [ [ NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 72 30 8 8 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 72 31 ] ] PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 72 32 s. s. PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 72 33 kakaΓ§ kakaΓ§ PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 72 34 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 72 35 a. a. PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 72 36 pramuanjaroenkij pramuanjaroenkij PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 72 37 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 72 38 review review NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 72 39 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 72 40 convective convective ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 72 41 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 72 42 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 72 43 enhancement enhancement NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 72 44 with with ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 72 45 nanofluids nanofluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 72 46 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 72 47 international international ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 72 48 journal journal NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 72 49 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 72 50 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 72 51 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 72 52 mass mass NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 72 53 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 72 54 52 52 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 72 55 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 72 56 2009 2009 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 72 57 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 72 58 3187e3196 3187e3196 NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 72 59 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 73 1 [ [ X american_scientific_journal-1813 73 2 9 9 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 73 3 ] ] X american_scientific_journal-1813 73 4 x.q x.q PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 73 5 . . PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 73 6 wang wang PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 73 7 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 73 8 a.s a.s PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 73 9 . . PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 73 10 mujumdar mujumdar PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 73 11 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 73 12 a a DET american_scientific_journal-1813 73 13 review review NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 73 14 on on ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 73 15 nanofluids nanofluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 73 16 e e X american_scientific_journal-1813 73 17 part part PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 73 18 ii ii PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 73 19 : : PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 73 20 experiments experiment NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 73 21 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 73 22 applications application NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 73 23 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 73 24 brazilian brazilian ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 73 25 journal journal NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 73 26 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 73 27 chemical chemical PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 73 28 engineering engineering NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 73 29 25 25 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 73 30 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 73 31 4 4 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 73 32 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 73 33 ( ( PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 73 34 2008 2008 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 73 35 ) ) PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 73 36 631e648 631e648 NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 73 37 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 74 1 [ [ X american_scientific_journal-1813 74 2 10 10 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 74 3 ] ] X american_scientific_journal-1813 74 4 pak pak PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 74 5 bc bc PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 74 6 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 74 7 cho cho PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 74 8 yi yi PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 74 9 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 75 1 hydrodynamic hydrodynamic ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 75 2 and and CCONJ american_scientific_journal-1813 75 3 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 75 4 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 75 5 study study NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 75 6 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 75 7 dispersed disperse VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 75 8 fluids fluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 75 9 with with ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 75 10 submicron submicron NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 75 11 metallic metallic ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 75 12 oxide oxide NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 75 13 particles particle NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 75 14 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 76 1 exp exp NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 76 2 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 76 3 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 76 4 1998 1998 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 76 5 ; ; PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 76 6 11:151e70 11:151e70 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 76 7 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 77 1 [ [ X american_scientific_journal-1813 77 2 11 11 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 77 3 ] ] X american_scientific_journal-1813 77 4 xuan xuan PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 77 5 y y PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 77 6 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 77 7 roetzel roetzel ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 77 8 w. w. NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 77 9 conceptions conception NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 77 10 for for ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 77 11 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 77 12 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 77 13 correlation correlation NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 77 14 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 77 15 nanofluids nanofluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 77 16 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 78 1 int int NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 78 2 j j PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 78 3 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 78 4 mass mass NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 78 5 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 78 6 2000 2000 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 78 7 ; ; PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 79 1 43:3701e8 43:3701e8 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 79 2 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 80 1 [ [ X american_scientific_journal-1813 80 2 12 12 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 80 3 ] ] X american_scientific_journal-1813 80 4 wang wang PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 80 5 x x PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 80 6 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 80 7 xu xu PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 80 8 x x PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 80 9 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 80 10 choi choi PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 80 11 sus sus PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 80 12 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 80 13 thermal thermal ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 80 14 conductivity conductivity NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 80 15 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 80 16 nanoparticles nanoparticle NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 80 17 - - PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 80 18 fluid fluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 80 19 mixture mixture NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 80 20 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 81 1 j. j. PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 81 2 thermophys thermophy NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 81 3 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 81 4 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 81 5 1999;13(4):474e80 1999;13(4):474e80 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 81 6 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 82 1 [ [ X american_scientific_journal-1813 82 2 13 13 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 82 3 ] ] X american_scientific_journal-1813 82 4 hamilton hamilton PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 82 5 rl rl PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 82 6 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 82 7 crosser crosser NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 82 8 ok ok PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 82 9 . . PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 82 10 thermal thermal ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 82 11 conductivity conductivity NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 82 12 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 82 13 heterogeneous heterogeneous ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 82 14 two two NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 82 15 component component NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 82 16 systems system NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 82 17 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 83 1 ind ind PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 83 2 eng eng PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 83 3 chem chem NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 83 4 fundam fundam ADV american_scientific_journal-1813 83 5 1962;1(3):187e91 1962;1(3):187e91 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 83 6 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 84 1 [ [ X american_scientific_journal-1813 84 2 14 14 NUM american_scientific_journal-1813 84 3 ] ] X american_scientific_journal-1813 84 4 peyghambarzadeh peyghambarzadeh PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 84 5 sm sm PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 84 6 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 84 7 hashemabadi hashemabadi PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 84 8 sh sh PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 84 9 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 84 10 hoseini hoseini NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 84 11 sm sm PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 84 12 , , PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 84 13 seifi seifi NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 84 14 jm jm PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 84 15 . . PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 84 16 experimental experimental ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 84 17 study study NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 84 18 of of ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 84 19 heat heat NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 84 20 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 84 21 enhancement enhancement NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 84 22 using use VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 84 23 water water NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 84 24 / / SYM american_scientific_journal-1813 84 25 ethylene ethylene NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 84 26 glycol glycol NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 84 27 based base VERB american_scientific_journal-1813 84 28 nanofluids nanofluid NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 84 29 as as ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 84 30 a a DET american_scientific_journal-1813 84 31 new new ADJ american_scientific_journal-1813 84 32 coolant coolant NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 84 33 for for ADP american_scientific_journal-1813 84 34 car car NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 84 35 radiators radiator NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 84 36 . . PUNCT american_scientific_journal-1813 85 1 int int PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 85 2 commun commun PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 85 3 heat heat PROPN american_scientific_journal-1813 85 4 mass mass NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 85 5 transfer transfer NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 85 6 2011;38:1283e90 2011;38:1283e90 NOUN american_scientific_journal-1813 85 7 . . PUNCT