id sid tid token lemma pos bracis-19063 1 1 experiments experiment NOUN bracis-19063 1 2 on on ADP bracis-19063 1 3 portuguese portuguese ADJ bracis-19063 1 4 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 1 5 question question NOUN bracis-19063 1 6 answering answer VERB bracis-19063 1 7 | | ADV bracis-19063 1 8 springer springer NOUN bracis-19063 1 9 nature nature NOUN bracis-19063 1 10 link link PROPN bracis-19063 1 11 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 1 12 formerly formerly ADV bracis-19063 1 13 springerlink springerlink NOUN bracis-19063 1 14 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 1 15 skip skip VERB bracis-19063 1 16 to to ADP bracis-19063 1 17 main main ADJ bracis-19063 1 18 content content NOUN bracis-19063 1 19 advertisement advertisement NOUN bracis-19063 1 20 log log NOUN bracis-19063 1 21 in in ADP bracis-19063 1 22 menu menu NOUN bracis-19063 1 23 find find VERB bracis-19063 1 24 a a DET bracis-19063 1 25 journal journal NOUN bracis-19063 1 26 publish publish VERB bracis-19063 1 27 with with ADP bracis-19063 1 28 us we PRON bracis-19063 1 29 track track VERB bracis-19063 1 30 your your PRON bracis-19063 1 31 research research NOUN bracis-19063 1 32 search search NOUN bracis-19063 1 33 cart cart NOUN bracis-19063 1 34 home home NOUN bracis-19063 1 35 intelligent intelligent ADJ bracis-19063 1 36 systems system NOUN bracis-19063 1 37 conference conference NOUN bracis-19063 1 38 paper paper NOUN bracis-19063 1 39 experiments experiment NOUN bracis-19063 1 40 on on ADP bracis-19063 1 41 portuguese portuguese ADJ bracis-19063 1 42 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 1 43 question question NOUN bracis-19063 1 44 answering answer VERB bracis-19063 1 45 conference conference NOUN bracis-19063 1 46 paper paper NOUN bracis-19063 1 47 first first ADV bracis-19063 1 48 online online ADV bracis-19063 1 49 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 1 50 28 28 NUM bracis-19063 1 51 november november NOUN bracis-19063 1 52 2021 2021 NUM bracis-19063 1 53 pp pp CCONJ bracis-19063 1 54 133–145 133–145 NUM bracis-19063 1 55 cite cite VERB bracis-19063 1 56 this this DET bracis-19063 1 57 conference conference NOUN bracis-19063 1 58 paper paper NOUN bracis-19063 1 59 access access NOUN bracis-19063 1 60 provided provide VERB bracis-19063 1 61 by by ADP bracis-19063 1 62 university university PROPN bracis-19063 1 63 of of ADP bracis-19063 1 64 notre notre PROPN bracis-19063 1 65 dame dame PROPN bracis-19063 1 66 hesburgh hesburgh PROPN bracis-19063 1 67 library library PROPN bracis-19063 1 68 download download PROPN bracis-19063 1 69 book book NOUN bracis-19063 1 70 pdf pdf PROPN bracis-19063 1 71 download download NOUN bracis-19063 1 72 book book NOUN bracis-19063 1 73 epub epub PROPN bracis-19063 1 74 intelligent intelligent ADJ bracis-19063 1 75 systems system NOUN bracis-19063 1 76 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 1 77 bracis bracis NOUN bracis-19063 1 78 2021 2021 NUM bracis-19063 1 79 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 1 80 experiments experiment NOUN bracis-19063 1 81 on on ADP bracis-19063 1 82 portuguese portuguese ADJ bracis-19063 1 83 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 1 84 question question NOUN bracis-19063 1 85 answering answering NOUN bracis-19063 1 86 download download NOUN bracis-19063 1 87 book book NOUN bracis-19063 1 88 pdf pdf PROPN bracis-19063 1 89 download download NOUN bracis-19063 1 90 book book PROPN bracis-19063 1 91 epub epub PROPN bracis-19063 1 92 lucas lucas PROPN bracis-19063 1 93 emanuel emanuel PROPN bracis-19063 1 94 silva silva PROPN bracis-19063 1 95 e e PROPN bracis-19063 1 96 oliveira oliveira PROPN bracis-19063 1 97     SPACE bracis-19063 1 98 orcid orcid PROPN bracis-19063 1 99 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 1 100 orcid.org/0000-0003-1811-508710,11 orcid.org/0000-0003-1811-508710,11 NOUN bracis-19063 1 101 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 1 102 elisa elisa PROPN bracis-19063 1 103 terumi terumi PROPN bracis-19063 1 104 rubel rubel PROPN bracis-19063 1 105 schneider schneider NOUN bracis-19063 1 106     SPACE bracis-19063 1 107 orcid orcid NOUN bracis-19063 1 108 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 1 109 orcid.org/0000-0002-8921-559810 orcid.org/0000-0002-8921-559810 NOUN bracis-19063 1 110 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 1 111 yohan yohan PROPN bracis-19063 1 112 bonescki bonescki PROPN bracis-19063 1 113 gumiel gumiel PROPN bracis-19063 1 114     SPACE bracis-19063 1 115 orcid orcid NOUN bracis-19063 1 116 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 1 117 orcid.org/0000-0001-8239-293010 orcid.org/0000-0001-8239-293010 NOUN bracis-19063 1 118 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 1 119 mayara mayara PROPN bracis-19063 1 120 aparecida aparecida PROPN bracis-19063 1 121 passaura passaura VERB bracis-19063 1 122 da da PROPN bracis-19063 1 123 luz luz PROPN bracis-19063 1 124     SPACE bracis-19063 1 125 orcid orcid NOUN bracis-19063 1 126 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 1 127 orcid.org/0000-0001-9932-737710 orcid.org/0000-0001-9932-737710 ADJ bracis-19063 1 128 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 1 129 emerson emerson PROPN bracis-19063 1 130 cabrera cabrera PROPN bracis-19063 1 131 paraiso paraiso PROPN bracis-19063 1 132     SPACE bracis-19063 1 133 orcid orcid NOUN bracis-19063 1 134 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 1 135 orcid.org/0000-0002-6740-785510 orcid.org/0000-0002-6740-785510 PROPN bracis-19063 1 136 & & CCONJ bracis-19063 1 137 … … PUNCT bracis-19063 1 138 claudia claudia PROPN bracis-19063 1 139 moro moro PROPN bracis-19063 1 140     SPACE bracis-19063 1 141 orcid orcid NOUN bracis-19063 1 142 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 1 143 orcid.org/0000-0003-2637-308610 orcid.org/0000-0003-2637-308610 NOUN bracis-19063 1 144     SPACE bracis-19063 1 145 show show VERB bracis-19063 1 146 authors author NOUN bracis-19063 1 147 part part NOUN bracis-19063 1 148 of of ADP bracis-19063 1 149 the the DET bracis-19063 1 150 book book NOUN bracis-19063 1 151 series series NOUN bracis-19063 1 152 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 1 153 lecture lecture NOUN bracis-19063 1 154 notes note NOUN bracis-19063 1 155 in in ADP bracis-19063 1 156 computer computer NOUN bracis-19063 1 157 science science NOUN bracis-19063 1 158 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 1 159 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 1 160 lnai lnai ADJ bracis-19063 1 161 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 1 162 volume volume NOUN bracis-19063 1 163 13074 13074 NUM bracis-19063 1 164 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 1 165 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 1 166 included include VERB bracis-19063 1 167 in in ADP bracis-19063 1 168 the the DET bracis-19063 1 169 following follow VERB bracis-19063 1 170 conference conference NOUN bracis-19063 1 171 series series NOUN bracis-19063 1 172 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 1 173 brazilian brazilian ADJ bracis-19063 1 174 conference conference NOUN bracis-19063 1 175 on on ADP bracis-19063 1 176 intelligent intelligent ADJ bracis-19063 1 177 systems system NOUN bracis-19063 1 178 1282 1282 NUM bracis-19063 1 179 accesses access VERB bracis-19063 1 180 4 4 NUM bracis-19063 1 181 citations citation NOUN bracis-19063 1 182 abstract abstract ADJ bracis-19063 1 183 question question NOUN bracis-19063 1 184 answering answering NOUN bracis-19063 1 185 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 1 186 qa qa NOUN bracis-19063 1 187 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 1 188 systems system NOUN bracis-19063 1 189 aim aim VERB bracis-19063 1 190 to to PART bracis-19063 1 191 answer answer VERB bracis-19063 1 192 human human ADJ bracis-19063 1 193 questions question NOUN bracis-19063 1 194 made make VERB bracis-19063 1 195 in in ADP bracis-19063 1 196 natural natural ADJ bracis-19063 1 197 language language NOUN bracis-19063 1 198 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 2 1 this this DET bracis-19063 2 2 type type NOUN bracis-19063 2 3 of of ADP bracis-19063 2 4 functionality functionality NOUN bracis-19063 2 5 can can AUX bracis-19063 2 6 be be AUX bracis-19063 2 7 very very ADV bracis-19063 2 8 useful useful ADJ bracis-19063 2 9 in in ADP bracis-19063 2 10 the the DET bracis-19063 2 11 most most ADV bracis-19063 2 12 diverse diverse ADJ bracis-19063 2 13 application application NOUN bracis-19063 2 14 domains domain NOUN bracis-19063 2 15 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 2 16 such such ADJ bracis-19063 2 17 as as ADP bracis-19063 2 18 the the DET bracis-19063 2 19 biomedical biomedical ADJ bracis-19063 2 20 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 2 21 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 2 22 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 3 1 considering consider VERB bracis-19063 3 2 the the DET bracis-19063 3 3 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 3 4 context context NOUN bracis-19063 3 5 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 3 6 where where SCONJ bracis-19063 3 7 we we PRON bracis-19063 3 8 have have VERB bracis-19063 3 9 a a DET bracis-19063 3 10 growing grow VERB bracis-19063 3 11 volume volume NOUN bracis-19063 3 12 of of ADP bracis-19063 3 13 information information NOUN bracis-19063 3 14 stored store VERB bracis-19063 3 15 in in ADP bracis-19063 3 16 electronic electronic ADJ bracis-19063 3 17 health health NOUN bracis-19063 3 18 records record NOUN bracis-19063 3 19 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 3 20 answering answer VERB bracis-19063 3 21 questions question NOUN bracis-19063 3 22 about about ADP bracis-19063 3 23 the the DET bracis-19063 3 24 patient patient ADJ bracis-19063 3 25 status status NOUN bracis-19063 3 26 can can AUX bracis-19063 3 27 improve improve VERB bracis-19063 3 28 the the DET bracis-19063 3 29 decision decision NOUN bracis-19063 3 30 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 3 31 making making NOUN bracis-19063 3 32 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 3 33 optimize optimize VERB bracis-19063 3 34 the the DET bracis-19063 3 35 patient patient ADJ bracis-19063 3 36 care care NOUN bracis-19063 3 37 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 4 1 in in ADP bracis-19063 4 2 this this DET bracis-19063 4 3 work work NOUN bracis-19063 4 4 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 4 5 we we PRON bracis-19063 4 6 carried carry VERB bracis-19063 4 7 out out ADP bracis-19063 4 8 the the DET bracis-19063 4 9 first first ADJ bracis-19063 4 10 experiments experiment NOUN bracis-19063 4 11 to to PART bracis-19063 4 12 develop develop VERB bracis-19063 4 13 a a DET bracis-19063 4 14 qa qa NOUN bracis-19063 4 15 model model NOUN bracis-19063 4 16 for for ADP bracis-19063 4 17 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 4 18 texts text NOUN bracis-19063 4 19 in in ADP bracis-19063 4 20 portuguese portuguese PROPN bracis-19063 4 21 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 5 1 to to PART bracis-19063 5 2 overcome overcome VERB bracis-19063 5 3 the the DET bracis-19063 5 4 lack lack NOUN bracis-19063 5 5 of of ADP bracis-19063 5 6 corpora corpora NOUN bracis-19063 5 7 for for ADP bracis-19063 5 8 the the DET bracis-19063 5 9 required require VERB bracis-19063 5 10 language language NOUN bracis-19063 5 11 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 5 12 context context NOUN bracis-19063 5 13 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 5 14 we we PRON bracis-19063 5 15 used use VERB bracis-19063 5 16 a a DET bracis-19063 5 17 transfer transfer NOUN bracis-19063 5 18 learning learn VERB bracis-19063 5 19 approach approach NOUN bracis-19063 5 20 supported support VERB bracis-19063 5 21 by by ADP bracis-19063 5 22 pre pre ADJ bracis-19063 5 23 - - ADJ bracis-19063 5 24 trained train VERB bracis-19063 5 25 attention attention NOUN bracis-19063 5 26 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 5 27 based base VERB bracis-19063 5 28 models model NOUN bracis-19063 5 29 from from ADP bracis-19063 5 30 the the DET bracis-19063 5 31 transformers transformer NOUN bracis-19063 5 32 library library NOUN bracis-19063 5 33 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 6 1 we we PRON bracis-19063 6 2 fine fine ADV bracis-19063 6 3 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 6 4 tuned tune VERB bracis-19063 6 5 the the DET bracis-19063 6 6 biobertpt biobertpt NOUN bracis-19063 6 7 model model NOUN bracis-19063 6 8 with with ADP bracis-19063 6 9 a a DET bracis-19063 6 10 translated translate VERB bracis-19063 6 11 version version NOUN bracis-19063 6 12 of of ADP bracis-19063 6 13 the the DET bracis-19063 6 14 squad squad NOUN bracis-19063 6 15 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-19063 6 16 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 7 1 the the DET bracis-19063 7 2 evaluation evaluation NOUN bracis-19063 7 3 showed show VERB bracis-19063 7 4 promising promising ADJ bracis-19063 7 5 results result NOUN bracis-19063 7 6 when when SCONJ bracis-19063 7 7 evaluated evaluate VERB bracis-19063 7 8 in in ADP bracis-19063 7 9 different different ADJ bracis-19063 7 10 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 7 11 scenarios scenario NOUN bracis-19063 7 12 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 7 13 even even ADV bracis-19063 7 14 without without ADP bracis-19063 7 15 the the DET bracis-19063 7 16 application application NOUN bracis-19063 7 17 of of ADP bracis-19063 7 18 a a DET bracis-19063 7 19 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 7 20 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 7 21 corpus corpus NOUN bracis-19063 7 22 to to PART bracis-19063 7 23 support support VERB bracis-19063 7 24 a a DET bracis-19063 7 25 training training NOUN bracis-19063 7 26 process process NOUN bracis-19063 7 27 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 8 1 the the DET bracis-19063 8 2 developed develop VERB bracis-19063 8 3 model model NOUN bracis-19063 8 4 is be AUX bracis-19063 8 5 publicly publicly ADV bracis-19063 8 6 available available ADJ bracis-19063 8 7 to to ADP bracis-19063 8 8 the the DET bracis-19063 8 9 scientific scientific ADJ bracis-19063 8 10 community community NOUN bracis-19063 8 11 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 9 1 access access NOUN bracis-19063 9 2 provided provide VERB bracis-19063 9 3 by by ADP bracis-19063 9 4 university university PROPN bracis-19063 9 5 of of ADP bracis-19063 9 6 notre notre PROPN bracis-19063 9 7 dame dame PROPN bracis-19063 9 8 hesburgh hesburgh PROPN bracis-19063 9 9 library library PROPN bracis-19063 9 10 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 10 1 download download PROPN bracis-19063 10 2 conference conference NOUN bracis-19063 10 3 paper paper NOUN bracis-19063 10 4 pdf pdf NOUN bracis-19063 10 5 similar similar ADJ bracis-19063 10 6 content content NOUN bracis-19063 10 7 being be AUX bracis-19063 10 8 viewed view VERB bracis-19063 10 9 by by ADP bracis-19063 10 10 others other NOUN bracis-19063 10 11 answering answer VERB bracis-19063 10 12 medical medical ADJ bracis-19063 10 13 questions question NOUN bracis-19063 10 14 in in ADP bracis-19063 10 15 chinese chinese ADJ bracis-19063 10 16 using use VERB bracis-19063 10 17 automatically automatically ADV bracis-19063 10 18 mined mine VERB bracis-19063 10 19 knowledge knowledge NOUN bracis-19063 10 20 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 10 21 deep deep ADJ bracis-19063 10 22 neural neural ADJ bracis-19063 10 23 networks network NOUN bracis-19063 10 24 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 10 25 an an DET bracis-19063 10 26 end end NOUN bracis-19063 10 27 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 10 28 to to ADP bracis-19063 10 29 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 10 30 end end NOUN bracis-19063 10 31 solution solution NOUN bracis-19063 10 32 article article NOUN bracis-19063 10 33 open open VERB bracis-19063 10 34 access access NOUN bracis-19063 10 35 15 15 NUM bracis-19063 10 36 april april PROPN bracis-19063 10 37 2022 2022 NUM bracis-19063 10 38 question question NOUN bracis-19063 10 39 answering answer VERB bracis-19063 10 40 chapter chapter NOUN bracis-19063 10 41 © © ADP bracis-19063 10 42 2024 2024 NUM bracis-19063 10 43 a a DET bracis-19063 10 44 pre pre ADJ bracis-19063 10 45 - - ADJ bracis-19063 10 46 trained train VERB bracis-19063 10 47 language language NOUN bracis-19063 10 48 model model NOUN bracis-19063 10 49 for for ADP bracis-19063 10 50     SPACE bracis-19063 10 51 medical medical ADJ bracis-19063 10 52 question question NOUN bracis-19063 10 53 answering answering NOUN bracis-19063 10 54 based base VERB bracis-19063 10 55 on on ADP bracis-19063 10 56     SPACE bracis-19063 10 57 domain domain NOUN bracis-19063 10 58 adaption adaption NOUN bracis-19063 10 59 chapter chapter NOUN bracis-19063 10 60 © © PROPN bracis-19063 10 61 2022 2022 NUM bracis-19063 10 62 explore explore VERB bracis-19063 10 63 related relate VERB bracis-19063 10 64 subjects subject NOUN bracis-19063 10 65 discover discover VERB bracis-19063 10 66 the the DET bracis-19063 10 67 latest late ADJ bracis-19063 10 68 articles article NOUN bracis-19063 10 69 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 10 70 books book NOUN bracis-19063 10 71 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 10 72 news news NOUN bracis-19063 10 73 in in ADP bracis-19063 10 74 related related ADJ bracis-19063 10 75 subjects subject NOUN bracis-19063 10 76 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 10 77 suggested suggest VERB bracis-19063 10 78 using use VERB bracis-19063 10 79 machine machine NOUN bracis-19063 10 80 learning learning NOUN bracis-19063 10 81 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 11 1 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 11 2 medicine medicine NOUN bracis-19063 11 3 machine machine NOUN bracis-19063 11 4 translation translation NOUN bracis-19063 11 5 machine machine NOUN bracis-19063 11 6 learning learn VERB bracis-19063 11 7 patient patient ADJ bracis-19063 11 8 education education NOUN bracis-19063 11 9 predictive predictive ADJ bracis-19063 11 10 medicine medicine NOUN bracis-19063 11 11 translational translational ADJ bracis-19063 11 12 research research NOUN bracis-19063 11 13 1 1 NUM bracis-19063 11 14 introduction introduction NOUN bracis-19063 11 15 question question NOUN bracis-19063 11 16 answering answering NOUN bracis-19063 11 17 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 11 18 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 11 19 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 11 20 is be AUX bracis-19063 11 21 a a DET bracis-19063 11 22 task task NOUN bracis-19063 11 23 that that PRON bracis-19063 11 24 seeks seek VERB bracis-19063 11 25 to to PART bracis-19063 11 26 automatically automatically ADV bracis-19063 11 27 answer answer VERB bracis-19063 11 28 questions question NOUN bracis-19063 11 29 asked ask VERB bracis-19063 11 30 in in ADP bracis-19063 11 31 natural natural ADJ bracis-19063 11 32 language language NOUN bracis-19063 11 33 by by ADP bracis-19063 11 34 humans human NOUN bracis-19063 11 35 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 11 36 with with ADP bracis-19063 11 37 a a DET bracis-19063 11 38 combination combination NOUN bracis-19063 11 39 of of ADP bracis-19063 11 40 information information NOUN bracis-19063 11 41 retrieval retrieval NOUN bracis-19063 11 42 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 11 43 ir ir NOUN bracis-19063 11 44 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 11 45 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 11 46 natural natural ADJ bracis-19063 11 47 language language NOUN bracis-19063 11 48 processing processing NOUN bracis-19063 11 49 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 11 50 nlp nlp NOUN bracis-19063 11 51 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 11 52 techniques technique NOUN bracis-19063 11 53 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 12 1 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 12 2 systems system NOUN bracis-19063 12 3 have have AUX bracis-19063 12 4 been be AUX bracis-19063 12 5 applied apply VERB bracis-19063 12 6 in in ADP bracis-19063 12 7 multiple multiple ADJ bracis-19063 12 8 domains domain NOUN bracis-19063 12 9 of of ADP bracis-19063 12 10 knowledge knowledge NOUN bracis-19063 12 11 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 12 12 as as SCONJ bracis-19063 12 13 they they PRON bracis-19063 12 14 can can AUX bracis-19063 12 15 facilitate facilitate VERB bracis-19063 12 16 access access NOUN bracis-19063 12 17 to to ADP bracis-19063 12 18 information information NOUN bracis-19063 12 19 by by ADP bracis-19063 12 20 reasoning reason VERB bracis-19063 12 21 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 12 22 inferring infer VERB bracis-19063 12 23 it it PRON bracis-19063 12 24 from from ADP bracis-19063 12 25 a a DET bracis-19063 12 26 large large ADJ bracis-19063 12 27 volume volume NOUN bracis-19063 12 28 of of ADP bracis-19063 12 29 data datum NOUN bracis-19063 12 30 stored store VERB bracis-19063 12 31 as as ADP bracis-19063 12 32 natural natural ADJ bracis-19063 12 33 language language NOUN bracis-19063 13 1 [ [ X bracis-19063 13 2 1 1 NUM bracis-19063 13 3 ] ] PUNCT bracis-19063 13 4 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 14 1 there there PRON bracis-19063 14 2 has have AUX bracis-19063 14 3 been be AUX bracis-19063 14 4 a a DET bracis-19063 14 5 growth growth NOUN bracis-19063 14 6 in in ADP bracis-19063 14 7 interest interest NOUN bracis-19063 14 8 in in ADP bracis-19063 14 9 the the DET bracis-19063 14 10 use use NOUN bracis-19063 14 11 of of ADP bracis-19063 14 12 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 14 13 in in ADP bracis-19063 14 14 the the DET bracis-19063 14 15 biomedical biomedical ADJ bracis-19063 14 16 context context NOUN bracis-19063 14 17 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 14 18 including include VERB bracis-19063 14 19 efforts effort NOUN bracis-19063 14 20 to to PART bracis-19063 14 21 create create VERB bracis-19063 14 22 biomedical biomedical ADJ bracis-19063 14 23 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 14 24 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 14 25 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 14 26 corpora corpora NOUN bracis-19063 15 1 [ [ X bracis-19063 15 2 8 8 NUM bracis-19063 15 3 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 15 4 12 12 NUM bracis-19063 15 5 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 15 6 18 18 NUM bracis-19063 15 7 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 15 8 23 23 NUM bracis-19063 15 9 ] ] PUNCT bracis-19063 15 10 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 15 11 the the DET bracis-19063 15 12 realization realization NOUN bracis-19063 15 13 of of ADP bracis-19063 15 14 shared share VERB bracis-19063 15 15 tasks task NOUN bracis-19063 15 16 such such ADJ bracis-19063 15 17 as as ADP bracis-19063 15 18 bioasq bioasq PROPN bracis-19063 15 19 8 8 NUM bracis-19063 16 1 [ [ X bracis-19063 16 2 9 9 NUM bracis-19063 16 3 ] ] PUNCT bracis-19063 16 4 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 17 1 the the DET bracis-19063 17 2 possibility possibility NOUN bracis-19063 17 3 of of ADP bracis-19063 17 4 finding find VERB bracis-19063 17 5 answers answer NOUN bracis-19063 17 6 to to ADP bracis-19063 17 7 questions question NOUN bracis-19063 17 8 in in ADP bracis-19063 17 9 the the DET bracis-19063 17 10 growing grow VERB bracis-19063 17 11 volume volume NOUN bracis-19063 17 12 of of ADP bracis-19063 17 13 data datum NOUN bracis-19063 17 14 available available ADJ bracis-19063 17 15 in in ADP bracis-19063 17 16 the the DET bracis-19063 17 17 scientific scientific ADJ bracis-19063 17 18 literature literature NOUN bracis-19063 17 19 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 17 20 patients patient NOUN bracis-19063 17 21 ’ ' PUNCT bracis-19063 17 22 medical medical ADJ bracis-19063 17 23 records record NOUN bracis-19063 17 24 evidence evidence VERB bracis-19063 17 25 the the DET bracis-19063 17 26 potential potential NOUN bracis-19063 17 27 of of ADP bracis-19063 17 28 these these DET bracis-19063 17 29 systems system NOUN bracis-19063 17 30 for for ADP bracis-19063 17 31 practical practical ADJ bracis-19063 17 32 use use NOUN bracis-19063 17 33 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 18 1 therefore therefore ADV bracis-19063 18 2 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 18 3 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 18 4 systems system NOUN bracis-19063 18 5 can can AUX bracis-19063 18 6 assist assist VERB bracis-19063 18 7 both both CCONJ bracis-19063 18 8 the the DET bracis-19063 18 9 medical medical ADJ bracis-19063 18 10 research research NOUN bracis-19063 18 11 community community NOUN bracis-19063 18 12 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 18 13 e.g. e.g. ADV bracis-19063 18 14 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 18 15 researching research VERB bracis-19063 18 16 disease disease NOUN bracis-19063 18 17 treatments treatment NOUN bracis-19063 18 18 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 18 19 symptoms symptom NOUN bracis-19063 18 20 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 18 21 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 18 22 healthcare healthcare PROPN bracis-19063 18 23 professionals professional NOUN bracis-19063 18 24 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 18 25 e.g. e.g. ADV bracis-19063 18 26 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 18 27 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 18 28 decision decision NOUN bracis-19063 18 29 support support NOUN bracis-19063 18 30 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 18 31 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 19 1 specifically specifically ADV bracis-19063 19 2 in in ADP bracis-19063 19 3 the the DET bracis-19063 19 4 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 19 5 context context NOUN bracis-19063 19 6 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 19 7 when when SCONJ bracis-19063 19 8 we we PRON bracis-19063 19 9 work work VERB bracis-19063 19 10 with with ADP bracis-19063 19 11 patient patient NOUN bracis-19063 19 12 ’s ’s PART bracis-19063 19 13 data datum NOUN bracis-19063 19 14 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 19 15 the the DET bracis-19063 19 16 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 19 17 research research NOUN bracis-19063 19 18 has have VERB bracis-19063 19 19 few few ADJ bracis-19063 19 20 initiatives initiative NOUN bracis-19063 19 21 if if SCONJ bracis-19063 19 22 compared compare VERB bracis-19063 19 23 to to ADP bracis-19063 19 24 other other ADJ bracis-19063 19 25 domains domain NOUN bracis-19063 19 26 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 19 27 mainly mainly ADV bracis-19063 19 28 in in ADP bracis-19063 19 29 languages language NOUN bracis-19063 19 30 other other ADJ bracis-19063 19 31 than than ADP bracis-19063 19 32 english english PROPN bracis-19063 19 33 [ [ X bracis-19063 19 34 10 10 NUM bracis-19063 19 35 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 19 36 12 12 NUM bracis-19063 19 37 ] ] PUNCT bracis-19063 19 38 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 20 1 the the DET bracis-19063 20 2 lack lack NOUN bracis-19063 20 3 of of ADP bracis-19063 20 4 studies study NOUN bracis-19063 20 5 may may AUX bracis-19063 20 6 be be AUX bracis-19063 20 7 due due ADJ bracis-19063 20 8 to to ADP bracis-19063 20 9 the the DET bracis-19063 20 10 required require VERB bracis-19063 20 11 medical medical ADJ bracis-19063 20 12 expertise expertise NOUN bracis-19063 20 13 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 20 14 the the DET bracis-19063 20 15 ethical ethical ADJ bracis-19063 20 16 / / SYM bracis-19063 20 17 legal legal ADJ bracis-19063 20 18 restrictions restriction NOUN bracis-19063 20 19 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 20 20 which which PRON bracis-19063 20 21 limits limit VERB bracis-19063 20 22 the the DET bracis-19063 20 23 data data NOUN bracis-19063 20 24 access access NOUN bracis-19063 20 25 [ [ X bracis-19063 20 26 7 7 NUM bracis-19063 20 27 ] ] PUNCT bracis-19063 20 28 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 21 1 another another DET bracis-19063 21 2 aspect aspect NOUN bracis-19063 21 3 that that PRON bracis-19063 21 4 hinders hinder VERB bracis-19063 21 5 the the DET bracis-19063 21 6 research research NOUN bracis-19063 21 7 of of ADP bracis-19063 21 8 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 21 9 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 21 10 is be AUX bracis-19063 21 11 the the DET bracis-19063 21 12 complexity complexity NOUN bracis-19063 21 13 of of ADP bracis-19063 21 14 the the DET bracis-19063 21 15 data datum NOUN bracis-19063 21 16 that that PRON bracis-19063 21 17 are be AUX bracis-19063 21 18 stored store VERB bracis-19063 21 19 in in ADP bracis-19063 21 20 the the DET bracis-19063 21 21 patient patient NOUN bracis-19063 21 22 ’s ’s PART bracis-19063 21 23 electronic electronic ADJ bracis-19063 21 24 health health NOUN bracis-19063 21 25 records record NOUN bracis-19063 21 26 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 21 27 ehr ehr NOUN bracis-19063 21 28 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 21 29 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 22 1 the the DET bracis-19063 22 2 longitudinal longitudinal ADJ bracis-19063 22 3 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 22 4 unstructured unstructured ADJ bracis-19063 22 5 nature nature NOUN bracis-19063 22 6 of of ADP bracis-19063 22 7 the the DET bracis-19063 22 8 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 22 9 notes note NOUN bracis-19063 22 10 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 22 11 high high ADJ bracis-19063 22 12 use use NOUN bracis-19063 22 13 of of ADP bracis-19063 22 14 medical medical ADJ bracis-19063 22 15 terminology terminology NOUN bracis-19063 22 16 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 22 17 temporal temporal ADJ bracis-19063 22 18 relations relation NOUN bracis-19063 22 19 between between ADP bracis-19063 22 20 multiple multiple ADJ bracis-19063 22 21 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 22 22 concepts concept NOUN bracis-19063 22 23 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 22 24 e.g. e.g. ADV bracis-19063 22 25 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 22 26 medications medication NOUN bracis-19063 22 27 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 22 28 diseases disease NOUN bracis-19063 22 29 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 22 30 symptoms symptom NOUN bracis-19063 22 31 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 22 32 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 22 33 text text NOUN bracis-19063 22 34 misspellings misspelling NOUN bracis-19063 22 35 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 22 36 frequent frequent ADJ bracis-19063 22 37 redundancy redundancy NOUN bracis-19063 22 38 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 22 39 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 22 40 implicit implicit ADJ bracis-19063 22 41 events event NOUN bracis-19063 22 42 make make VERB bracis-19063 22 43 text text NOUN bracis-19063 22 44 comprehension comprehension NOUN bracis-19063 22 45 much much ADV bracis-19063 22 46 more more ADV bracis-19063 22 47 complex complex ADJ bracis-19063 22 48 for for ADP bracis-19063 22 49 the the DET bracis-19063 22 50 machine machine NOUN bracis-19063 22 51 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 22 52 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 22 53 make make VERB bracis-19063 22 54 it it PRON bracis-19063 22 55 difficult difficult ADJ bracis-19063 22 56 to to PART bracis-19063 22 57 apply apply VERB bracis-19063 22 58 baseline baseline ADJ bracis-19063 22 59 nlp nlp ADJ bracis-19063 22 60 tools tool NOUN bracis-19063 22 61 [ [ X bracis-19063 22 62 2 2 NUM bracis-19063 22 63 ] ] PUNCT bracis-19063 22 64 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 23 1 currently currently ADV bracis-19063 23 2 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 23 3 health health NOUN bracis-19063 23 4 professionals professional NOUN bracis-19063 23 5 manually manually ADV bracis-19063 23 6 browse browse VERB bracis-19063 23 7 or or CCONJ bracis-19063 23 8 use use VERB bracis-19063 23 9 a a DET bracis-19063 23 10 simple simple ADJ bracis-19063 23 11 search search NOUN bracis-19063 23 12 algorithm algorithm NOUN bracis-19063 23 13 to to PART bracis-19063 23 14 find find VERB bracis-19063 23 15 answers answer NOUN bracis-19063 23 16 about about ADP bracis-19063 23 17 patients patient NOUN bracis-19063 23 18 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 23 19 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 23 20 often often ADV bracis-19063 23 21 they they PRON bracis-19063 23 22 are be AUX bracis-19063 23 23 unable unable ADJ bracis-19063 23 24 to to PART bracis-19063 23 25 reach reach VERB bracis-19063 23 26 the the DET bracis-19063 23 27 information information NOUN bracis-19063 23 28 they they PRON bracis-19063 23 29 need need VERB bracis-19063 23 30 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 24 1 a a DET bracis-19063 24 2 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 24 3 system system NOUN bracis-19063 24 4 can can AUX bracis-19063 24 5 provide provide VERB bracis-19063 24 6 a a DET bracis-19063 24 7 much much ADV bracis-19063 24 8 more more ADV bracis-19063 24 9 intuitive intuitive ADJ bracis-19063 24 10 interface interface NOUN bracis-19063 24 11 for for ADP bracis-19063 24 12 this this DET bracis-19063 24 13 task task NOUN bracis-19063 24 14 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 24 15 allowing allow VERB bracis-19063 24 16 humans human NOUN bracis-19063 24 17 to to PART bracis-19063 24 18 “ " PUNCT bracis-19063 24 19 talk talk VERB bracis-19063 24 20 " " PUNCT bracis-19063 24 21 to to ADP bracis-19063 24 22 the the DET bracis-19063 24 23 ehr ehr NOUN bracis-19063 24 24 asking ask VERB bracis-19063 24 25 questions question NOUN bracis-19063 24 26 about about ADP bracis-19063 24 27 patient patient NOUN bracis-19063 24 28 ’s ’s PART bracis-19063 24 29 status status NOUN bracis-19063 24 30 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 24 31 health health NOUN bracis-19063 24 32 condition condition NOUN bracis-19063 24 33 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 24 34 generating generate VERB bracis-19063 24 35 a a DET bracis-19063 24 36 much much ADV bracis-19063 24 37 more more ADJ bracis-19063 24 38 fluid fluid ADJ bracis-19063 24 39 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 24 40 human human ADJ bracis-19063 24 41 interaction interaction NOUN bracis-19063 25 1 [ [ X bracis-19063 25 2 12 12 NUM bracis-19063 25 3 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 25 4 16 16 NUM bracis-19063 25 5 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 25 6 18 18 NUM bracis-19063 25 7 ] ] PUNCT bracis-19063 25 8 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 26 1 nevertheless nevertheless ADV bracis-19063 26 2 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 26 3 how how SCONJ bracis-19063 26 4 to to PART bracis-19063 26 5 develop develop VERB bracis-19063 26 6 a a DET bracis-19063 26 7 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 26 8 qa qa NOUN bracis-19063 26 9 system system NOUN bracis-19063 26 10 for for ADP bracis-19063 26 11 portuguese portuguese ADJ bracis-19063 26 12 if if SCONJ bracis-19063 26 13 we we PRON bracis-19063 26 14 do do AUX bracis-19063 26 15 not not PART bracis-19063 26 16 have have VERB bracis-19063 26 17 a a DET bracis-19063 26 18 large large ADJ bracis-19063 26 19 corpus corpus NOUN bracis-19063 26 20 of of ADP bracis-19063 26 21 questions question NOUN bracis-19063 26 22 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 26 23 answers answer NOUN bracis-19063 26 24 that that PRON bracis-19063 26 25 support support VERB bracis-19063 26 26 most most ADJ bracis-19063 26 27 of of ADP bracis-19063 26 28 the the DET bracis-19063 26 29 current current ADJ bracis-19063 26 30 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 26 31 methods method NOUN bracis-19063 26 32 ? ? PUNCT bracis-19063 27 1 a a DET bracis-19063 27 2 well well ADV bracis-19063 27 3 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 27 4 established establish VERB bracis-19063 27 5 strategy strategy NOUN bracis-19063 27 6 in in ADP bracis-19063 27 7 the the DET bracis-19063 27 8 nlp nlp NOUN bracis-19063 27 9 community community NOUN bracis-19063 27 10 is be AUX bracis-19063 27 11 the the DET bracis-19063 27 12 use use NOUN bracis-19063 27 13 of of ADP bracis-19063 27 14 transfer transfer NOUN bracis-19063 27 15 learning learning NOUN bracis-19063 27 16 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 27 17 which which PRON bracis-19063 27 18 consists consist VERB bracis-19063 27 19 of of ADP bracis-19063 27 20 using use VERB bracis-19063 27 21 a a DET bracis-19063 27 22 pre pre ADJ bracis-19063 27 23 - - ADJ bracis-19063 27 24 trained train VERB bracis-19063 27 25 language language NOUN bracis-19063 27 26 model model NOUN bracis-19063 27 27 in in ADP bracis-19063 27 28 a a DET bracis-19063 27 29 large large ADJ bracis-19063 27 30 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-19063 27 31 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 27 32 then then ADV bracis-19063 27 33 fine fine ADJ bracis-19063 27 34 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 27 35 tune tune NOUN bracis-19063 27 36 it it PRON bracis-19063 27 37 for for ADP bracis-19063 27 38 a a DET bracis-19063 27 39 specific specific ADJ bracis-19063 27 40 task task NOUN bracis-19063 27 41 in in ADP bracis-19063 27 42 a a DET bracis-19063 27 43 smaller small ADJ bracis-19063 27 44 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-19063 27 45 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 28 1 for for ADP bracis-19063 28 2 example example NOUN bracis-19063 28 3 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 28 4 one one PRON bracis-19063 28 5 can can AUX bracis-19063 28 6 use use VERB bracis-19063 28 7 a a DET bracis-19063 28 8 large large ADJ bracis-19063 28 9 attention attention NOUN bracis-19063 28 10 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 28 11 based base VERB bracis-19063 28 12 model model NOUN bracis-19063 28 13 [ [ X bracis-19063 28 14 19 19 NUM bracis-19063 28 15 ] ] PUNCT bracis-19063 28 16 available available ADJ bracis-19063 28 17 in in ADP bracis-19063 28 18 transformers transformer NOUN bracis-19063 28 19 libraryfootnote libraryfootnote VERB bracis-19063 28 20 1 1 NUM bracis-19063 28 21 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 28 22 such such ADJ bracis-19063 28 23 as as ADP bracis-19063 28 24 bert bert PROPN bracis-19063 28 25 [ [ X bracis-19063 28 26 3 3 NUM bracis-19063 28 27 ] ] PUNCT bracis-19063 28 28 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 28 29 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 28 30 fine fine ADJ bracis-19063 28 31 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 28 32 tune tune NOUN bracis-19063 28 33 it it PRON bracis-19063 28 34 for for ADP bracis-19063 28 35 a a DET bracis-19063 28 36 specific specific ADJ bracis-19063 28 37 nlp nlp NOUN bracis-19063 28 38 task task NOUN bracis-19063 28 39 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 28 40 such such ADJ bracis-19063 28 41 as as ADP bracis-19063 28 42 named name VERB bracis-19063 28 43 entity entity NOUN bracis-19063 28 44 recognition recognition NOUN bracis-19063 28 45 [ [ X bracis-19063 28 46 17 17 NUM bracis-19063 28 47 ] ] PUNCT bracis-19063 28 48 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 29 1 we we PRON bracis-19063 29 2 can can AUX bracis-19063 29 3 go go VERB bracis-19063 29 4 beyond beyond ADP bracis-19063 29 5 that that PRON bracis-19063 29 6 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 29 7 like like ADP bracis-19063 29 8 jeong jeong PROPN bracis-19063 29 9 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 29 10 colleagues colleague NOUN bracis-19063 29 11 [ [ X bracis-19063 29 12 7 7 NUM bracis-19063 29 13 ] ] PUNCT bracis-19063 29 14 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 29 15 who who PRON bracis-19063 29 16 fine fine ADV bracis-19063 29 17 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 29 18 tuned tune VERB bracis-19063 29 19 two two NUM bracis-19063 29 20 different different ADJ bracis-19063 29 21 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 29 22 corpora corpora PROPN bracis-19063 29 23 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 29 24 one one NUM bracis-19063 29 25 open open ADJ bracis-19063 29 26 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 29 27 domain domain NOUN bracis-19063 29 28 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 29 29 the the DET bracis-19063 29 30 other other ADJ bracis-19063 29 31 biomedical biomedical NOUN bracis-19063 29 32 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 29 33 to to PART bracis-19063 29 34 achieve achieve VERB bracis-19063 29 35 superior superior ADJ bracis-19063 29 36 performances performance NOUN bracis-19063 29 37 in in ADP bracis-19063 29 38 biomedical biomedical ADJ bracis-19063 29 39 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 29 40 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 30 1 in in ADP bracis-19063 30 2 this this DET bracis-19063 30 3 work work NOUN bracis-19063 30 4 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 30 5 we we PRON bracis-19063 30 6 present present VERB bracis-19063 30 7 the the DET bracis-19063 30 8 first first ADJ bracis-19063 30 9 glance glance NOUN bracis-19063 30 10 of of ADP bracis-19063 30 11 experiments experiment NOUN bracis-19063 30 12 on on ADP bracis-19063 30 13 a a DET bracis-19063 30 14 qa qa NOUN bracis-19063 30 15 system system NOUN bracis-19063 30 16 used use VERB bracis-19063 30 17 to to PART bracis-19063 30 18 answers answer VERB bracis-19063 30 19 questions question NOUN bracis-19063 30 20 about about ADP bracis-19063 30 21 patients patient NOUN bracis-19063 30 22 in in ADP bracis-19063 30 23 portuguese portuguese PROPN bracis-19063 30 24 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 31 1 we we PRON bracis-19063 31 2 developed develop VERB bracis-19063 31 3 a a DET bracis-19063 31 4 biomedical biomedical ADJ bracis-19063 31 5 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 31 6 model model NOUN bracis-19063 31 7 for for ADP bracis-19063 31 8 the the DET bracis-19063 31 9 portuguese portuguese ADJ bracis-19063 31 10 language language NOUN bracis-19063 31 11 based base VERB bracis-19063 31 12 on on ADP bracis-19063 31 13 the the DET bracis-19063 31 14 fine fine NOUN bracis-19063 31 15 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 31 16 tuning tuning NOUN bracis-19063 31 17 of of ADP bracis-19063 31 18 the the DET bracis-19063 31 19 biobertpt biobertpt NOUN bracis-19063 31 20 model model NOUN bracis-19063 31 21 [ [ X bracis-19063 31 22 15 15 NUM bracis-19063 31 23 ] ] PUNCT bracis-19063 31 24 using use VERB bracis-19063 31 25 the the DET bracis-19063 31 26 squad squad ADJ bracis-19063 31 27 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 31 28 dataset dataset VERB bracis-19063 31 29 translated translate VERB bracis-19063 31 30 into into ADP bracis-19063 31 31 the the DET bracis-19063 31 32 portuguese portuguese ADJ bracis-19063 31 33 language language NOUN bracis-19063 31 34 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 32 1 we we PRON bracis-19063 32 2 evaluate evaluate VERB bracis-19063 32 3 the the DET bracis-19063 32 4 performance performance NOUN bracis-19063 32 5 in in ADP bracis-19063 32 6 a a DET bracis-19063 32 7 small small ADJ bracis-19063 32 8 set set NOUN bracis-19063 32 9 of of ADP bracis-19063 32 10 different different ADJ bracis-19063 32 11 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 32 12 contexts contexts NOUN bracis-19063 32 13 with with ADP bracis-19063 32 14 multiple multiple ADJ bracis-19063 32 15 types type NOUN bracis-19063 32 16 of of ADP bracis-19063 32 17 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 32 18 notes note NOUN bracis-19063 32 19 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 33 1 finally finally ADV bracis-19063 33 2 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 33 3 we we PRON bracis-19063 33 4 discuss discuss VERB bracis-19063 33 5 our our PRON bracis-19063 33 6 preliminary preliminary ADJ bracis-19063 33 7 results result NOUN bracis-19063 33 8 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 33 9 main main ADJ bracis-19063 33 10 findings finding NOUN bracis-19063 33 11 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 33 12 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 33 13 future future ADJ bracis-19063 33 14 work work NOUN bracis-19063 33 15 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 34 1 the the DET bracis-19063 34 2 model model NOUN bracis-19063 34 3 is be AUX bracis-19063 34 4 publicly publicly ADV bracis-19063 34 5 available available ADJ bracis-19063 34 6 for for ADP bracis-19063 34 7 use use NOUN bracis-19063 34 8 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 35 1 2 2 NUM bracis-19063 35 2 related related ADJ bracis-19063 35 3 work work NOUN bracis-19063 35 4 in in ADP bracis-19063 35 5 this this DET bracis-19063 35 6 section section NOUN bracis-19063 35 7 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 35 8 we we PRON bracis-19063 35 9 present present VERB bracis-19063 35 10 important important ADJ bracis-19063 35 11 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 35 12 corpora corpora PROPN bracis-19063 35 13 development development NOUN bracis-19063 35 14 initiatives initiative NOUN bracis-19063 35 15 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 36 1 moreover moreover ADV bracis-19063 36 2 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 36 3 we we PRON bracis-19063 36 4 introduce introduce VERB bracis-19063 36 5 the the DET bracis-19063 36 6 transfer transfer NOUN bracis-19063 36 7 learning learning NOUN bracis-19063 36 8 method method NOUN bracis-19063 36 9 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 36 10 which which PRON bracis-19063 36 11 is be AUX bracis-19063 36 12 one one NUM bracis-19063 36 13 of of ADP bracis-19063 36 14 the the DET bracis-19063 36 15 solutions solution NOUN bracis-19063 36 16 used use VERB bracis-19063 36 17 to to PART bracis-19063 36 18 overcome overcome VERB bracis-19063 36 19 the the DET bracis-19063 36 20 lack lack NOUN bracis-19063 36 21 of of ADP bracis-19063 36 22 domain domain NOUN bracis-19063 36 23 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 36 24 specific specific ADJ bracis-19063 36 25 corpora corpora NOUN bracis-19063 36 26 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 37 1 furthermore furthermore ADV bracis-19063 37 2 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 37 3 we we PRON bracis-19063 37 4 highlight highlight VERB bracis-19063 37 5 biomedical biomedical ADJ bracis-19063 37 6 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 37 7 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 37 8 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 37 9 studies study NOUN bracis-19063 37 10 based base VERB bracis-19063 37 11 on on ADP bracis-19063 37 12 transformers transformer NOUN bracis-19063 37 13 models model NOUN bracis-19063 37 14 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 37 15 transfer transfer NOUN bracis-19063 37 16 learning learning NOUN bracis-19063 37 17 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 38 1 2.1 2.1 NUM bracis-19063 38 2 corpora corpora NOUN bracis-19063 38 3 in in ADP bracis-19063 38 4 the the DET bracis-19063 38 5 literature literature NOUN bracis-19063 38 6 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 38 7 we we PRON bracis-19063 38 8 can can AUX bracis-19063 38 9 find find VERB bracis-19063 38 10 several several ADJ bracis-19063 38 11 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 38 12 datasets dataset NOUN bracis-19063 38 13 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 38 14 most most ADJ bracis-19063 38 15 of of ADP bracis-19063 38 16 them they PRON bracis-19063 38 17 covering cover VERB bracis-19063 38 18 open open ADJ bracis-19063 38 19 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 38 20 domain domain NOUN bracis-19063 38 21 questions question NOUN bracis-19063 38 22 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 38 23 answers answer NOUN bracis-19063 38 24 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 38 25 as as SCONJ bracis-19063 38 26 the the DET bracis-19063 38 27 stanford stanford PROPN bracis-19063 38 28 question question NOUN bracis-19063 38 29 answering answer VERB bracis-19063 38 30 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-19063 38 31 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 38 32 squad squad NOUN bracis-19063 38 33 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 39 1 [ [ X bracis-19063 39 2 14 14 NUM bracis-19063 39 3 ] ] PUNCT bracis-19063 39 4 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 40 1 squad squad PROPN bracis-19063 40 2 is be AUX bracis-19063 40 3 a a DET bracis-19063 40 4 reading reading NOUN bracis-19063 40 5 comprehension comprehension NOUN bracis-19063 40 6 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-19063 40 7 consisting consist VERB bracis-19063 40 8 of of ADP bracis-19063 40 9 english english ADJ bracis-19063 40 10 questions question NOUN bracis-19063 40 11 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 40 12 answers answer NOUN bracis-19063 40 13 from from ADP bracis-19063 40 14 a a DET bracis-19063 40 15 set set NOUN bracis-19063 40 16 of of ADP bracis-19063 40 17 wikipedia wikipedia PROPN bracis-19063 40 18 articles article NOUN bracis-19063 40 19 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 41 1 this this DET bracis-19063 41 2 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-19063 41 3 is be AUX bracis-19063 41 4 present present ADJ bracis-19063 41 5 in in ADP bracis-19063 41 6 a a DET bracis-19063 41 7 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 41 8 format format NOUN bracis-19063 41 9 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 41 10 where where SCONJ bracis-19063 41 11 the the DET bracis-19063 41 12 answer answer NOUN bracis-19063 41 13 to to ADP bracis-19063 41 14 each each DET bracis-19063 41 15 question question NOUN bracis-19063 41 16 is be AUX bracis-19063 41 17 a a DET bracis-19063 41 18 segment segment NOUN bracis-19063 41 19 of of ADP bracis-19063 41 20 text text NOUN bracis-19063 41 21 from from ADP bracis-19063 41 22 the the DET bracis-19063 41 23 reading reading NOUN bracis-19063 41 24 passage passage NOUN bracis-19063 41 25 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 41 26 see see VERB bracis-19063 41 27 fig fig NOUN bracis-19063 41 28 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 41 29     SPACE bracis-19063 41 30 1 1 NUM bracis-19063 41 31 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 41 32 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 42 1 the the DET bracis-19063 42 2 squad squad NOUN bracis-19063 42 3 1.1 1.1 NUM bracis-19063 42 4 contains contain VERB bracis-19063 42 5 more more ADJ bracis-19063 42 6 than than ADP bracis-19063 42 7 100,000 100,000 NUM bracis-19063 42 8 question question NOUN bracis-19063 42 9 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 42 10 answer answer NOUN bracis-19063 42 11 pairs pair NOUN bracis-19063 42 12 on on ADP bracis-19063 42 13 approximately approximately ADV bracis-19063 42 14 500 500 NUM bracis-19063 42 15 articles article NOUN bracis-19063 42 16 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 42 17 all all PRON bracis-19063 42 18 of of ADP bracis-19063 42 19 them they PRON bracis-19063 42 20 manually manually ADV bracis-19063 42 21 annotated annotate VERB bracis-19063 42 22 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 43 1 fig fig NOUN bracis-19063 43 2 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 44 1 1 1 NUM bracis-19063 44 2 . . X bracis-19063 44 3 example example NOUN bracis-19063 44 4 of of ADP bracis-19063 44 5 answers answer NOUN bracis-19063 44 6 annotated annotate VERB bracis-19063 44 7 within within ADP bracis-19063 44 8 the the DET bracis-19063 44 9 text text NOUN bracis-19063 44 10 in in ADP bracis-19063 44 11 squad squad NOUN bracis-19063 44 12 corpus corpus PROPN bracis-19063 44 13 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 45 1 image image NOUN bracis-19063 45 2 from from ADP bracis-19063 45 3 [ [ X bracis-19063 45 4 14 14 NUM bracis-19063 45 5 ] ] X bracis-19063 45 6 full full ADJ bracis-19063 45 7 size size NOUN bracis-19063 45 8 image image NOUN bracis-19063 45 9 regarding regard VERB bracis-19063 45 10 the the DET bracis-19063 45 11 biomedical biomedical ADJ bracis-19063 45 12 context context NOUN bracis-19063 45 13 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 45 14 we we PRON bracis-19063 45 15 need need VERB bracis-19063 45 16 to to PART bracis-19063 45 17 mention mention VERB bracis-19063 45 18 the the DET bracis-19063 45 19 pubmedqa pubmedqa NOUN bracis-19063 45 20 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 45 21 a a DET bracis-19063 45 22 corpus corpus NOUN bracis-19063 45 23 with with ADP bracis-19063 45 24 the the DET bracis-19063 45 25 objective objective NOUN bracis-19063 45 26 of of ADP bracis-19063 45 27 answering answer VERB bracis-19063 45 28 research research NOUN bracis-19063 45 29 questions question NOUN bracis-19063 45 30 with with ADP bracis-19063 45 31 “ " PUNCT bracis-19063 45 32 yes yes INTJ bracis-19063 45 33 ” " PUNCT bracis-19063 45 34 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 45 35 “ " PUNCT bracis-19063 45 36 no no INTJ bracis-19063 45 37 ” " PUNCT bracis-19063 45 38 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 45 39 “ " PUNCT bracis-19063 45 40 maybe maybe ADV bracis-19063 45 41 ” " PUNCT bracis-19063 45 42 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 46 1 it it PRON bracis-19063 46 2 consists consist VERB bracis-19063 46 3 of of ADP bracis-19063 46 4 1,000 1,000 NUM bracis-19063 46 5 expert expert NOUN bracis-19063 46 6 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 46 7 annotated annotate VERB bracis-19063 46 8 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 46 9 pairs pair NOUN bracis-19063 46 10 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 46 11 211,300 211,300 NUM bracis-19063 46 12 artificially artificially ADV bracis-19063 46 13 generated generate VERB bracis-19063 46 14 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 46 15 pairs pair NOUN bracis-19063 46 16 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 47 1 all all DET bracis-19063 47 2 the the DET bracis-19063 47 3 answers answer NOUN bracis-19063 47 4 were be AUX bracis-19063 47 5 annotated annotate VERB bracis-19063 47 6 in in ADP bracis-19063 47 7 pubmed pubmed PROPN bracis-19063 47 8 scientific scientific ADJ bracis-19063 47 9 paper paper NOUN bracis-19063 47 10 abstracts abstract NOUN bracis-19063 47 11 [ [ X bracis-19063 47 12 8 8 NUM bracis-19063 47 13 ] ] PUNCT bracis-19063 47 14 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 48 1 in in ADP bracis-19063 48 2 the the DET bracis-19063 48 3 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 48 4 domain domain NOUN bracis-19063 48 5 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 48 6 we we PRON bracis-19063 48 7 highlight highlight VERB bracis-19063 48 8 the the DET bracis-19063 48 9 following follow VERB bracis-19063 48 10 recent recent ADJ bracis-19063 48 11 initiatives initiative NOUN bracis-19063 48 12 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 49 1 yue yue PROPN bracis-19063 49 2 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 49 3 colleagues colleague NOUN bracis-19063 50 1 [ [ X bracis-19063 50 2 23 23 NUM bracis-19063 50 3 ] ] PUNCT bracis-19063 50 4 developed develop VERB bracis-19063 50 5 a a DET bracis-19063 50 6 corpus corpus NOUN bracis-19063 50 7 with with ADP bracis-19063 50 8 1,287 1,287 NUM bracis-19063 50 9 expert expert NOUN bracis-19063 50 10 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 50 11 annotated annotate VERB bracis-19063 50 12 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 50 13 pairs pair NOUN bracis-19063 50 14 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 50 15 originated originate VERB bracis-19063 50 16 from from ADP bracis-19063 50 17 36 36 NUM bracis-19063 50 18 discharge discharge NOUN bracis-19063 50 19 summaries summary NOUN bracis-19063 50 20 from from ADP bracis-19063 50 21 the the DET bracis-19063 50 22 mimic mimic ADJ bracis-19063 50 23 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 50 24 iii iii NOUN bracis-19063 50 25 datasetfootnote datasetfootnote NOUN bracis-19063 50 26 2 2 NUM bracis-19063 50 27 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 51 1 the the DET bracis-19063 51 2 emrqa emrqa NOUN bracis-19063 51 3 corpus corpus NOUN bracis-19063 52 1 [ [ X bracis-19063 52 2 12 12 NUM bracis-19063 52 3 ] ] PUNCT bracis-19063 52 4 has have VERB bracis-19063 52 5 minimal minimal ADJ bracis-19063 52 6 expert expert NOUN bracis-19063 52 7 involvement involvement NOUN bracis-19063 52 8 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 52 9 as as SCONJ bracis-19063 52 10 they they PRON bracis-19063 52 11 generated generate VERB bracis-19063 52 12 the the DET bracis-19063 52 13 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 52 14 pairs pair NOUN bracis-19063 52 15 using use VERB bracis-19063 52 16 an an DET bracis-19063 52 17 automated automate VERB bracis-19063 52 18 method method NOUN bracis-19063 52 19 that that PRON bracis-19063 52 20 leverages leverage VERB bracis-19063 52 21 annotations annotation NOUN bracis-19063 52 22 from from ADP bracis-19063 52 23 shared share VERB bracis-19063 52 24 i2b2 i2b2 AUX bracis-19063 52 25 datasetsfootnote datasetsfootnote VERB bracis-19063 52 26 3 3 NUM bracis-19063 52 27 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 52 28 resulting result VERB bracis-19063 52 29 in in ADP bracis-19063 52 30 400,000 400,000 NUM bracis-19063 52 31 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 52 32 pairs pair NOUN bracis-19063 52 33 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 53 1 it it PRON bracis-19063 53 2 is be AUX bracis-19063 53 3 worth worth ADJ bracis-19063 53 4 noting note VERB bracis-19063 53 5 the the DET bracis-19063 53 6 discrepancy discrepancy NOUN bracis-19063 53 7 of of ADP bracis-19063 53 8 manually manually ADV bracis-19063 53 9 annotated annotate VERB bracis-19063 53 10 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 53 11 pairs pair NOUN bracis-19063 53 12 from from ADP bracis-19063 53 13 squad squad NOUN bracis-19063 53 14 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 53 15 the the DET bracis-19063 53 16 biomedical biomedical ADJ bracis-19063 53 17 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 53 18 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 53 19 corpora corpus NOUN bracis-19063 53 20 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 53 21 which which PRON bracis-19063 53 22 affects affect VERB bracis-19063 53 23 directly directly ADV bracis-19063 53 24 the the DET bracis-19063 53 25 development development NOUN bracis-19063 53 26 of of ADP bracis-19063 53 27 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 53 28 algorithms algorithm NOUN bracis-19063 53 29 for for ADP bracis-19063 53 30 these these DET bracis-19063 53 31 specific specific ADJ bracis-19063 53 32 domains domain NOUN bracis-19063 53 33 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 54 1 2.2 2.2 NUM bracis-19063 54 2 transfer transfer NOUN bracis-19063 54 3 learning learning NOUN bracis-19063 54 4 transfer transfer NOUN bracis-19063 54 5 learning learning NOUN bracis-19063 54 6 is be AUX bracis-19063 54 7 a a DET bracis-19063 54 8 method method NOUN bracis-19063 54 9 focused focus VERB bracis-19063 54 10 on on ADP bracis-19063 54 11 the the DET bracis-19063 54 12 reuse reuse NOUN bracis-19063 54 13 of of ADP bracis-19063 54 14 a a DET bracis-19063 54 15 model model NOUN bracis-19063 54 16 trained train VERB bracis-19063 54 17 for for ADP bracis-19063 54 18 a a DET bracis-19063 54 19 specific specific ADJ bracis-19063 54 20 task task NOUN bracis-19063 54 21 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 54 22 by by ADP bracis-19063 54 23 applying apply VERB bracis-19063 54 24 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 54 25 adjusting adjust VERB bracis-19063 54 26 it it PRON bracis-19063 54 27 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 54 28 i.e. i.e. X bracis-19063 54 29 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 54 30 fine fine ADV bracis-19063 54 31 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 54 32 tuning tuning NOUN bracis-19063 54 33 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 54 34 to to ADP bracis-19063 54 35 a a DET bracis-19063 54 36 different different ADJ bracis-19063 54 37 but but CCONJ bracis-19063 54 38 related related ADJ bracis-19063 54 39 task task NOUN bracis-19063 54 40 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 55 1 several several ADJ bracis-19063 55 2 studies study NOUN bracis-19063 55 3 have have AUX bracis-19063 55 4 already already ADV bracis-19063 55 5 proven prove VERB bracis-19063 55 6 the the DET bracis-19063 55 7 efficacy efficacy NOUN bracis-19063 55 8 of of ADP bracis-19063 55 9 transfer transfer NOUN bracis-19063 55 10 learning learning NOUN bracis-19063 55 11 when when SCONJ bracis-19063 55 12 using use VERB bracis-19063 55 13 deep deep ADJ bracis-19063 55 14 learning learning NOUN bracis-19063 55 15 architectures architecture NOUN bracis-19063 55 16 [ [ X bracis-19063 55 17 13 13 NUM bracis-19063 55 18 ] ] PUNCT bracis-19063 55 19 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 55 20 especially especially ADV bracis-19063 55 21 the the DET bracis-19063 55 22 pre pre ADJ bracis-19063 55 23 - - ADJ bracis-19063 55 24 trained train VERB bracis-19063 55 25 attention attention NOUN bracis-19063 55 26 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 55 27 based base VERB bracis-19063 55 28 models model NOUN bracis-19063 55 29 available available ADJ bracis-19063 55 30 in in ADP bracis-19063 55 31 the the DET bracis-19063 55 32 transformers transformer NOUN bracis-19063 55 33 library library NOUN bracis-19063 55 34 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 56 1 the the DET bracis-19063 56 2 biobertpt biobertpt NOUN bracis-19063 56 3 [ [ X bracis-19063 56 4 15 15 NUM bracis-19063 56 5 ] ] X bracis-19063 56 6 is be AUX bracis-19063 56 7 an an DET bracis-19063 56 8 example example NOUN bracis-19063 56 9 of of ADP bracis-19063 56 10 how how SCONJ bracis-19063 56 11 transfer transfer NOUN bracis-19063 56 12 learning learning NOUN bracis-19063 56 13 can can AUX bracis-19063 56 14 result result VERB bracis-19063 56 15 in in ADP bracis-19063 56 16 models model NOUN bracis-19063 56 17 with with ADP bracis-19063 56 18 low low ADJ bracis-19063 56 19 computational computational ADJ bracis-19063 56 20 cost cost NOUN bracis-19063 56 21 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 56 22 at at ADP bracis-19063 56 23 the the DET bracis-19063 56 24 same same ADJ bracis-19063 56 25 time time NOUN bracis-19063 56 26 extremely extremely ADV bracis-19063 56 27 useful useful ADJ bracis-19063 56 28 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 57 1 biobertpt biobertpt NOUN bracis-19063 57 2 was be AUX bracis-19063 57 3 generated generate VERB bracis-19063 57 4 from from ADP bracis-19063 57 5 the the DET bracis-19063 57 6 fine fine NOUN bracis-19063 57 7 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 57 8 tuning tuning NOUN bracis-19063 57 9 of of ADP bracis-19063 57 10 the the DET bracis-19063 57 11 multilingual multilingual ADJ bracis-19063 57 12 version version NOUN bracis-19063 57 13 of of ADP bracis-19063 57 14 bertfootnote bertfootnote NOUN bracis-19063 57 15 4 4 NUM bracis-19063 57 16 in in ADP bracis-19063 57 17 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 57 18 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 57 19 biomedical biomedical ADJ bracis-19063 57 20 documents document NOUN bracis-19063 57 21 written write VERB bracis-19063 57 22 in in ADP bracis-19063 57 23 portuguese portuguese PROPN bracis-19063 57 24 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 58 1 the the DET bracis-19063 58 2 model model NOUN bracis-19063 58 3 was be AUX bracis-19063 58 4 also also ADV bracis-19063 58 5 adjusted adjust VERB bracis-19063 58 6 for for ADP bracis-19063 58 7 the the DET bracis-19063 58 8 named name VERB bracis-19063 58 9 entity entity NOUN bracis-19063 58 10 recognition recognition NOUN bracis-19063 58 11 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 58 12 ner ner NOUN bracis-19063 58 13 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 58 14 task task NOUN bracis-19063 58 15 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 58 16 which which PRON bracis-19063 58 17 achieved achieve VERB bracis-19063 58 18 state state NOUN bracis-19063 58 19 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 58 20 of of ADP bracis-19063 58 21 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 58 22 the the DET bracis-19063 58 23 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 58 24 art art NOUN bracis-19063 58 25 results result NOUN bracis-19063 58 26 in in ADP bracis-19063 58 27 the the DET bracis-19063 58 28 semclinbr semclinbr NOUN bracis-19063 58 29 corpus corpus NOUN bracis-19063 58 30 [ [ X bracis-19063 58 31 11 11 NUM bracis-19063 58 32 ] ] PUNCT bracis-19063 58 33 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 59 1 2.3 2.3 NUM bracis-19063 59 2 biomedical biomedical ADJ bracis-19063 59 3 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 59 4 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 59 5 qa qa NOUN bracis-19063 59 6 considering consider VERB bracis-19063 59 7 the the DET bracis-19063 59 8 current current ADJ bracis-19063 59 9 availability availability NOUN bracis-19063 59 10 of of ADP bracis-19063 59 11 domain domain NOUN bracis-19063 59 12 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 59 13 specific specific NOUN bracis-19063 59 14 corpora corpora NOUN bracis-19063 59 15 for for ADP bracis-19063 59 16 the the DET bracis-19063 59 17 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 59 18 task task NOUN bracis-19063 59 19 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 59 20 many many ADJ bracis-19063 59 21 studies study NOUN bracis-19063 59 22 focused focus VERB bracis-19063 59 23 on on ADP bracis-19063 59 24 transfer transfer NOUN bracis-19063 59 25 learning learn VERB bracis-19063 59 26 to to PART bracis-19063 59 27 take take VERB bracis-19063 59 28 advantage advantage NOUN bracis-19063 59 29 of of ADP bracis-19063 59 30 the the DET bracis-19063 59 31 huge huge ADJ bracis-19063 59 32 amount amount NOUN bracis-19063 59 33 of of ADP bracis-19063 59 34 annotated annotate VERB bracis-19063 59 35 data datum NOUN bracis-19063 59 36 in in ADP bracis-19063 59 37 open open ADJ bracis-19063 59 38 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 59 39 domain domain NOUN bracis-19063 59 40 resources resource NOUN bracis-19063 59 41 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 59 42 as as ADP bracis-19063 59 43 the the DET bracis-19063 59 44 squad squad NOUN bracis-19063 59 45 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 60 1 furthermore furthermore ADV bracis-19063 60 2 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 60 3 due due ADP bracis-19063 60 4 to to ADP bracis-19063 60 5 the the DET bracis-19063 60 6 state state NOUN bracis-19063 60 7 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 60 8 of of ADP bracis-19063 60 9 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 60 10 the the DET bracis-19063 60 11 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 60 12 art art NOUN bracis-19063 60 13 results result NOUN bracis-19063 60 14 obtained obtain VERB bracis-19063 60 15 by by ADP bracis-19063 60 16 architectures architecture NOUN bracis-19063 60 17 based base VERB bracis-19063 60 18 on on ADP bracis-19063 60 19 the the DET bracis-19063 60 20 attention attention NOUN bracis-19063 60 21 mechanism mechanism NOUN bracis-19063 60 22 on on ADP bracis-19063 60 23 several several ADJ bracis-19063 60 24 nlp nlp NOUN bracis-19063 60 25 tasks task NOUN bracis-19063 60 26 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 60 27 most most ADJ bracis-19063 60 28 studies study NOUN bracis-19063 60 29 explore explore VERB bracis-19063 60 30 the the DET bracis-19063 60 31 fine fine ADV bracis-19063 60 32 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 60 33 tuning tuning NOUN bracis-19063 60 34 of of ADP bracis-19063 60 35 pre pre ADJ bracis-19063 60 36 - - ADJ bracis-19063 60 37 trained train VERB bracis-19063 60 38 models model NOUN bracis-19063 60 39 available available ADJ bracis-19063 60 40 in in ADP bracis-19063 60 41 the the DET bracis-19063 60 42 transformers transformer NOUN bracis-19063 60 43 library library NOUN bracis-19063 60 44 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 61 1 wiese wiese PROPN bracis-19063 61 2 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 61 3 colleagues colleague NOUN bracis-19063 62 1 [ [ X bracis-19063 62 2 20 20 NUM bracis-19063 62 3 ] ] PUNCT bracis-19063 62 4 transferred transfer VERB bracis-19063 62 5 the the DET bracis-19063 62 6 knowledge knowledge NOUN bracis-19063 62 7 from from ADP bracis-19063 62 8 the the DET bracis-19063 62 9 squad squad NOUN bracis-19063 62 10 dataset dataset VERB bracis-19063 62 11 to to ADP bracis-19063 62 12 the the DET bracis-19063 62 13 bioasq bioasq PROPN bracis-19063 62 14 dataset dataset VERB bracis-19063 62 15 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 63 1 in in ADP bracis-19063 63 2 yoon yoon PROPN bracis-19063 63 3 ’s ’s PART bracis-19063 63 4 work work NOUN bracis-19063 63 5 [ [ X bracis-19063 63 6 22 22 NUM bracis-19063 63 7 ] ] PUNCT bracis-19063 63 8 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 63 9 they they PRON bracis-19063 63 10 executed execute VERB bracis-19063 63 11 a a DET bracis-19063 63 12 sequential sequential ADJ bracis-19063 63 13 transfer transfer NOUN bracis-19063 63 14 learning learn VERB bracis-19063 63 15 pipeline pipeline NOUN bracis-19063 63 16 exploring explore VERB bracis-19063 63 17 biobert biobert NOUN bracis-19063 63 18 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 63 19 squad squad NOUN bracis-19063 63 20 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 63 21 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 63 22 bioasq bioasq PROPN bracis-19063 63 23 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 64 1 in in ADP bracis-19063 64 2 [ [ X bracis-19063 64 3 7 7 NUM bracis-19063 64 4 ] ] PUNCT bracis-19063 64 5 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 64 6 the the DET bracis-19063 64 7 authors author NOUN bracis-19063 64 8 used use VERB bracis-19063 64 9 sequential sequential ADJ bracis-19063 64 10 transfer transfer NOUN bracis-19063 64 11 learning learning NOUN bracis-19063 64 12 as as ADV bracis-19063 64 13 well well ADV bracis-19063 64 14 but but CCONJ bracis-19063 64 15 trained train VERB bracis-19063 64 16 biobert biobert NOUN bracis-19063 64 17 on on ADP bracis-19063 64 18 the the DET bracis-19063 64 19 nli nli PROPN bracis-19063 64 20 dataset dataset PROPN bracis-19063 64 21 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 65 1 finally finally ADV bracis-19063 65 2 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 65 3 soni soni PROPN bracis-19063 65 4 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 65 5 roberts roberts PROPN bracis-19063 66 1 [ [ X bracis-19063 66 2 16 16 NUM bracis-19063 66 3 ] ] PUNCT bracis-19063 66 4 performed perform VERB bracis-19063 66 5 experiments experiment NOUN bracis-19063 66 6 on on ADP bracis-19063 66 7 multiple multiple ADJ bracis-19063 66 8 transformers transformer NOUN bracis-19063 66 9 models model NOUN bracis-19063 66 10 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 66 11 fine fine ADV bracis-19063 66 12 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 66 13 tuned tune VERB bracis-19063 66 14 them they PRON bracis-19063 66 15 with with ADP bracis-19063 66 16 multiple multiple ADJ bracis-19063 66 17 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 66 18 corpora corpora NOUN bracis-19063 66 19 combinations combination NOUN bracis-19063 66 20 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 67 1 they they PRON bracis-19063 67 2 found find VERB bracis-19063 67 3 that that SCONJ bracis-19063 67 4 a a DET bracis-19063 67 5 preliminary preliminary ADJ bracis-19063 67 6 fine fine NOUN bracis-19063 67 7 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 67 8 tuning tuning NOUN bracis-19063 67 9 on on ADP bracis-19063 67 10 squad squad NOUN bracis-19063 67 11 improves improve VERB bracis-19063 67 12 the the DET bracis-19063 67 13 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 67 14 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 67 15 results result NOUN bracis-19063 67 16 across across ADP bracis-19063 67 17 all all DET bracis-19063 67 18 different different ADJ bracis-19063 67 19 models model NOUN bracis-19063 67 20 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 68 1 due due ADP bracis-19063 68 2 to to ADP bracis-19063 68 3 the the DET bracis-19063 68 4 unavailability unavailability NOUN bracis-19063 68 5 of of ADP bracis-19063 68 6 a a DET bracis-19063 68 7 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 68 8 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 68 9 corpus corpu NOUN bracis-19063 68 10 in in ADP bracis-19063 68 11 portuguese portuguese PROPN bracis-19063 68 12 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 68 13 the the DET bracis-19063 68 14 good good ADJ bracis-19063 68 15 results result NOUN bracis-19063 68 16 obtained obtain VERB bracis-19063 68 17 when when SCONJ bracis-19063 68 18 using use VERB bracis-19063 68 19 transfer transfer NOUN bracis-19063 68 20 learning learning NOUN bracis-19063 68 21 based base VERB bracis-19063 68 22 on on ADP bracis-19063 68 23 an an DET bracis-19063 68 24 open open ADJ bracis-19063 68 25 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 68 26 domain domain NOUN bracis-19063 68 27 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 68 28 corpus corpus NOUN bracis-19063 68 29 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 68 30 i.e. i.e. X bracis-19063 68 31 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 68 32 squad squad NOUN bracis-19063 68 33 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 68 34 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 68 35 we we PRON bracis-19063 68 36 decided decide VERB bracis-19063 68 37 to to PART bracis-19063 68 38 follow follow VERB bracis-19063 68 39 a a DET bracis-19063 68 40 similar similar ADJ bracis-19063 68 41 development development NOUN bracis-19063 68 42 protocol protocol NOUN bracis-19063 68 43 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 69 1 3 3 NUM bracis-19063 69 2 materials material NOUN bracis-19063 69 3 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 69 4 methods method NOUN bracis-19063 69 5 this this DET bracis-19063 69 6 section section NOUN bracis-19063 69 7 describes describe VERB bracis-19063 69 8 the the DET bracis-19063 69 9 development development NOUN bracis-19063 69 10 of of ADP bracis-19063 69 11 our our PRON bracis-19063 69 12 transformer transformer NOUN bracis-19063 69 13 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 69 14 based base VERB bracis-19063 69 15 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 69 16 model model NOUN bracis-19063 69 17 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 69 18 including include VERB bracis-19063 69 19 all all DET bracis-19063 69 20 the the DET bracis-19063 69 21 steps step NOUN bracis-19063 69 22 of of ADP bracis-19063 69 23 execution execution NOUN bracis-19063 69 24 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 69 25 details detail NOUN bracis-19063 69 26 regarding regard VERB bracis-19063 69 27 the the DET bracis-19063 69 28 data datum NOUN bracis-19063 69 29 used use VERB bracis-19063 69 30 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 70 1 next next ADV bracis-19063 70 2 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 70 3 we we PRON bracis-19063 70 4 present present VERB bracis-19063 70 5 the the DET bracis-19063 70 6 evaluation evaluation NOUN bracis-19063 70 7 setup setup NOUN bracis-19063 70 8 used use VERB bracis-19063 70 9 to to PART bracis-19063 70 10 assess assess VERB bracis-19063 70 11 our our PRON bracis-19063 70 12 approach approach NOUN bracis-19063 70 13 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 71 1 3.1 3.1 NUM bracis-19063 71 2 biobertpt biobertpt NOUN bracis-19063 71 3 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 71 4 squad squad NOUN bracis-19063 71 5 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 71 6 v1.1 v1.1 NOUN bracis-19063 71 7 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 71 8 portuguese portuguese NOUN bracis-19063 71 9 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 71 10 a a DET bracis-19063 71 11 biomedical biomedical ADJ bracis-19063 71 12 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 71 13 model model NOUN bracis-19063 71 14 for for ADP bracis-19063 71 15 portuguese portuguese NOUN bracis-19063 71 16 as as SCONJ bracis-19063 71 17 seen see VERB bracis-19063 71 18 in in ADP bracis-19063 71 19 the the DET bracis-19063 71 20 previous previous ADJ bracis-19063 71 21 section section NOUN bracis-19063 71 22 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 71 23 the the DET bracis-19063 71 24 use use NOUN bracis-19063 71 25 of of ADP bracis-19063 71 26 transfer transfer NOUN bracis-19063 71 27 learning learning NOUN bracis-19063 71 28 supported support VERB bracis-19063 71 29 by by ADP bracis-19063 71 30 contextual contextual ADJ bracis-19063 71 31 embedding embed VERB bracis-19063 71 32 models model NOUN bracis-19063 71 33 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 71 34 pre pre VERB bracis-19063 71 35 - - VERB bracis-19063 71 36 trained train VERB bracis-19063 71 37 on on ADP bracis-19063 71 38 large large ADJ bracis-19063 71 39 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 71 40 scale scale NOUN bracis-19063 71 41 unlabelled unlabelled ADJ bracis-19063 71 42 corpora corpora PROPN bracis-19063 71 43 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 71 44 combined combine VERB bracis-19063 71 45 with with ADP bracis-19063 71 46 the the DET bracis-19063 71 47 transformer transformer NOUN bracis-19063 71 48 architecture architecture NOUN bracis-19063 71 49 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 71 50 has have AUX bracis-19063 71 51 proven prove VERB bracis-19063 71 52 to to PART bracis-19063 71 53 reach reach VERB bracis-19063 71 54 state state NOUN bracis-19063 71 55 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 71 56 of of ADP bracis-19063 71 57 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 71 58 the the DET bracis-19063 71 59 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 71 60 art art NOUN bracis-19063 71 61 performance performance NOUN bracis-19063 71 62 on on ADP bracis-19063 71 63 nlp nlp NOUN bracis-19063 71 64 tasks task NOUN bracis-19063 71 65 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 72 1 then then ADV bracis-19063 72 2 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 72 3 our our PRON bracis-19063 72 4 method method NOUN bracis-19063 72 5 will will AUX bracis-19063 72 6 focus focus VERB bracis-19063 72 7 on on ADP bracis-19063 72 8 these these DET bracis-19063 72 9 pre pre ADJ bracis-19063 72 10 - - ADJ bracis-19063 72 11 trained train VERB bracis-19063 72 12 models model NOUN bracis-19063 72 13 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 72 14 the the DET bracis-19063 72 15 consequent consequent ADJ bracis-19063 72 16 fine fine NOUN bracis-19063 72 17 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 72 18 tuning tuning NOUN bracis-19063 72 19 of of ADP bracis-19063 72 20 the the DET bracis-19063 72 21 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 72 22 task task NOUN bracis-19063 72 23 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 73 1 the the DET bracis-19063 73 2 method method NOUN bracis-19063 73 3 is be AUX bracis-19063 73 4 composed compose VERB bracis-19063 73 5 of of ADP bracis-19063 73 6 the the DET bracis-19063 73 7 following follow VERB bracis-19063 73 8 general general ADJ bracis-19063 73 9 phases phase NOUN bracis-19063 73 10 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 74 1 1 1 X bracis-19063 74 2 . . X bracis-19063 74 3 obtain obtain VERB bracis-19063 74 4 a a DET bracis-19063 74 5 model model NOUN bracis-19063 74 6 for for ADP bracis-19063 74 7 biomedical biomedical ADJ bracis-19063 74 8 portuguese portuguese ADJ bracis-19063 74 9 texts text NOUN bracis-19063 74 10 2 2 NUM bracis-19063 74 11 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 74 12 obtain obtain VERB bracis-19063 74 13 a a DET bracis-19063 74 14 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-19063 74 15 for for ADP bracis-19063 74 16 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 74 17 in in ADP bracis-19063 74 18 portuguese portuguese PROPN bracis-19063 74 19 3 3 NUM bracis-19063 74 20 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 74 21 fine fine ADJ bracis-19063 74 22 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 74 23 tune tune NOUN bracis-19063 74 24 the the DET bracis-19063 74 25 biomedical biomedical ADJ bracis-19063 74 26 model model NOUN bracis-19063 74 27 to to ADP bracis-19063 74 28 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 74 29 task task NOUN bracis-19063 74 30 for for ADP bracis-19063 74 31 our our PRON bracis-19063 74 32 first first ADJ bracis-19063 74 33 phase phase NOUN bracis-19063 74 34 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 74 35 we we PRON bracis-19063 74 36 needed need VERB bracis-19063 74 37 a a DET bracis-19063 74 38 model model NOUN bracis-19063 74 39 capable capable ADJ bracis-19063 74 40 of of ADP bracis-19063 74 41 processing process VERB bracis-19063 74 42 portuguese portuguese ADJ bracis-19063 74 43 biomedical biomedical ADJ bracis-19063 74 44 texts text NOUN bracis-19063 74 45 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 74 46 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 74 47 for for ADP bracis-19063 74 48 that that PRON bracis-19063 74 49 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 74 50 we we PRON bracis-19063 74 51 used use VERB bracis-19063 74 52 the the DET bracis-19063 74 53 biobertpt biobertpt NOUN bracis-19063 74 54 model model NOUN bracis-19063 74 55 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 75 1 the the DET bracis-19063 75 2 biobertpt biobertpt NOUN bracis-19063 75 3 is be AUX bracis-19063 75 4 a a DET bracis-19063 75 5 deep deep ADJ bracis-19063 75 6 contextual contextual ADJ bracis-19063 75 7 embedding embed VERB bracis-19063 75 8 model model NOUN bracis-19063 75 9 for for ADP bracis-19063 75 10 the the DET bracis-19063 75 11 portuguese portuguese ADJ bracis-19063 75 12 language language NOUN bracis-19063 75 13 to to PART bracis-19063 75 14 support support VERB bracis-19063 75 15 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 75 16 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 75 17 biomedical biomedical ADJ bracis-19063 75 18 tasks task NOUN bracis-19063 75 19 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 76 1 the the DET bracis-19063 76 2 authors author NOUN bracis-19063 76 3 fine fine ADV bracis-19063 76 4 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 76 5 tuned tune VERB bracis-19063 76 6 the the DET bracis-19063 76 7 multilingual multilingual ADJ bracis-19063 76 8 bert bert NOUN bracis-19063 76 9 on on ADP bracis-19063 76 10 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 76 11 notes note NOUN bracis-19063 76 12 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 76 13 biomedical biomedical ADJ bracis-19063 76 14 literature literature NOUN bracis-19063 76 15 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 76 16 resulting result VERB bracis-19063 76 17 in in ADP bracis-19063 76 18 a a DET bracis-19063 76 19 portuguese portuguese ADJ bracis-19063 76 20 medical medical ADJ bracis-19063 76 21 bert bert NOUN bracis-19063 76 22 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 76 23 base base NOUN bracis-19063 76 24 model model NOUN bracis-19063 76 25 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 77 1 in in ADP bracis-19063 77 2 this this DET bracis-19063 77 3 paper paper NOUN bracis-19063 77 4 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 77 5 we we PRON bracis-19063 77 6 used use VERB bracis-19063 77 7 the the DET bracis-19063 77 8 biobertpt(all biobertpt(all NOUN bracis-19063 77 9 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 77 10 versionfootnote versionfootnote NOUN bracis-19063 77 11 5 5 NUM bracis-19063 77 12 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 77 13 which which PRON bracis-19063 77 14 includes include VERB bracis-19063 77 15 both both CCONJ bracis-19063 77 16 biomedical biomedical ADJ bracis-19063 77 17 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 77 18 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 77 19 texts text NOUN bracis-19063 77 20 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 78 1 as as ADP bracis-19063 78 2 the the DET bracis-19063 78 3 second second ADJ bracis-19063 78 4 phase phase NOUN bracis-19063 78 5 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 78 6 we we PRON bracis-19063 78 7 used use VERB bracis-19063 78 8 the the DET bracis-19063 78 9 automatically automatically ADV bracis-19063 78 10 translated translate VERB bracis-19063 78 11 version version NOUN bracis-19063 78 12 of of ADP bracis-19063 78 13 the the DET bracis-19063 78 14 squad squad ADJ bracis-19063 78 15 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-19063 78 16 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 78 17 shared share VERB bracis-19063 78 18 by by ADP bracis-19063 78 19 the the DET bracis-19063 78 20 deep deep ADJ bracis-19063 78 21 learning learning NOUN bracis-19063 78 22 brasil brasil PROPN bracis-19063 78 23 groupfootnote groupfootnote VERB bracis-19063 78 24 6 6 NUM bracis-19063 78 25 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 78 26 which which PRON bracis-19063 78 27 we we PRON bracis-19063 78 28 will will AUX bracis-19063 78 29 call call VERB bracis-19063 78 30 squadpt squadpt NOUN bracis-19063 78 31 from from ADP bracis-19063 78 32 now now ADV bracis-19063 78 33 on on ADV bracis-19063 78 34 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 79 1 they they PRON bracis-19063 79 2 used use VERB bracis-19063 79 3 google google NOUN bracis-19063 79 4 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 79 5 powered power VERB bracis-19063 79 6 machine machine NOUN bracis-19063 79 7 translation translation NOUN bracis-19063 79 8 to to PART bracis-19063 79 9 generate generate VERB bracis-19063 79 10 a a DET bracis-19063 79 11 portuguese portuguese ADJ bracis-19063 79 12 version version NOUN bracis-19063 79 13 of of ADP bracis-19063 79 14 squad squad ADJ bracis-19063 79 15 v1.1 v1.1 NOUN bracis-19063 79 16 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 79 17 with with ADP bracis-19063 79 18 additional additional ADJ bracis-19063 79 19 human human ADJ bracis-19063 79 20 correction correction NOUN bracis-19063 79 21 after after ADV bracis-19063 79 22 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 80 1 it it PRON bracis-19063 80 2 is be AUX bracis-19063 80 3 worth worth ADJ bracis-19063 80 4 noting note VERB bracis-19063 80 5 the the DET bracis-19063 80 6 warning warning NOUN bracis-19063 80 7 made make VERB bracis-19063 80 8 by by ADP bracis-19063 80 9 the the DET bracis-19063 80 10 authors author NOUN bracis-19063 80 11 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 80 12 in in ADP bracis-19063 80 13 which which PRON bracis-19063 80 14 they they PRON bracis-19063 80 15 state state VERB bracis-19063 80 16 that that SCONJ bracis-19063 80 17 the the DET bracis-19063 80 18 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-19063 80 19 could could AUX bracis-19063 80 20 contain contain VERB bracis-19063 80 21 a a DET bracis-19063 80 22 good good ADJ bracis-19063 80 23 amount amount NOUN bracis-19063 80 24 of of ADP bracis-19063 80 25 unfiltered unfiltered ADJ bracis-19063 80 26 content content NOUN bracis-19063 80 27 with with ADP bracis-19063 80 28 potential potential ADJ bracis-19063 80 29 bias bias NOUN bracis-19063 80 30 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 81 1 in in ADP bracis-19063 81 2 the the DET bracis-19063 81 3 final final ADJ bracis-19063 81 4 phase phase NOUN bracis-19063 81 5 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 81 6 we we PRON bracis-19063 81 7 fine fine ADV bracis-19063 81 8 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 81 9 tuned tune VERB bracis-19063 81 10 biobertpt biobertpt NOUN bracis-19063 81 11 on on ADP bracis-19063 81 12 the the DET bracis-19063 81 13 question question NOUN bracis-19063 81 14 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 81 15 answer answer NOUN bracis-19063 81 16 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-19063 81 17 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 81 18 the the DET bracis-19063 81 19 squad squad NOUN bracis-19063 81 20 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 81 21 pt pt NOUN bracis-19063 81 22 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 81 23 with with ADP bracis-19063 81 24 the the DET bracis-19063 81 25 following follow VERB bracis-19063 81 26 steps step NOUN bracis-19063 81 27 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 81 28 1 1 X bracis-19063 81 29 . . X bracis-19063 81 30 pre pre ADJ bracis-19063 81 31 - - ADJ bracis-19063 81 32 processing processing NOUN bracis-19063 81 33 of of ADP bracis-19063 81 34 data datum NOUN bracis-19063 81 35 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 81 36 removal removal NOUN bracis-19063 81 37 of of ADP bracis-19063 81 38 spaces space NOUN bracis-19063 81 39 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 81 40 possible possible ADJ bracis-19063 81 41 duplicate duplicate NOUN bracis-19063 81 42 records record NOUN bracis-19063 81 43 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 81 44 ; ; PUNCT bracis-19063 81 45 2 2 X bracis-19063 81 46 . . X bracis-19063 81 47 tokenization tokenization NOUN bracis-19063 81 48 of of ADP bracis-19063 81 49 the the DET bracis-19063 81 50 inputs input NOUN bracis-19063 81 51 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 81 52 converting convert VERB bracis-19063 81 53 the the DET bracis-19063 81 54 tokens token NOUN bracis-19063 81 55 to to ADP bracis-19063 81 56 their their PRON bracis-19063 81 57 corresponding corresponding ADJ bracis-19063 81 58 ids id NOUN bracis-19063 81 59 in in ADP bracis-19063 81 60 the the DET bracis-19063 81 61 pre pre ADJ bracis-19063 81 62 - - ADJ bracis-19063 81 63 trained train VERB bracis-19063 81 64 vocabulary vocabulary NOUN bracis-19063 81 65 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 81 66 with with ADP bracis-19063 81 67 the the DET bracis-19063 81 68 transformers transformer NOUN bracis-19063 81 69 tokenizer tokenizer NOUN bracis-19063 82 1 [ [ X bracis-19063 82 2 21 21 NUM bracis-19063 82 3 ] ] X bracis-19063 82 4 ; ; PUNCT bracis-19063 82 5 3 3 X bracis-19063 82 6 . . X bracis-19063 82 7 split split NOUN bracis-19063 82 8 of of ADP bracis-19063 82 9 long long ADJ bracis-19063 82 10 inputs input NOUN bracis-19063 82 11 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 82 12 longer long ADJ bracis-19063 82 13 than than ADP bracis-19063 82 14 the the DET bracis-19063 82 15 model model NOUN bracis-19063 82 16 maximum maximum PROPN bracis-19063 82 17 sequence sequence NOUN bracis-19063 82 18 length length NOUN bracis-19063 82 19 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 82 20 into into ADP bracis-19063 82 21 several several ADJ bracis-19063 82 22 smaller small ADJ bracis-19063 82 23 features feature NOUN bracis-19063 82 24 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 82 25 overlapping overlap VERB bracis-19063 82 26 some some DET bracis-19063 82 27 features feature NOUN bracis-19063 82 28 if if SCONJ bracis-19063 82 29 the the DET bracis-19063 82 30 answer answer NOUN bracis-19063 82 31 is be AUX bracis-19063 82 32 at at ADP bracis-19063 82 33 the the DET bracis-19063 82 34 split split NOUN bracis-19063 82 35 point point NOUN bracis-19063 82 36 ; ; PUNCT bracis-19063 82 37 4 4 X bracis-19063 82 38 . . X bracis-19063 83 1 mapping mapping NOUN bracis-19063 83 2 of of ADP bracis-19063 83 3 the the DET bracis-19063 83 4 start start NOUN bracis-19063 83 5 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 83 6 end end VERB bracis-19063 83 7 positions position NOUN bracis-19063 83 8 of of ADP bracis-19063 83 9 the the DET bracis-19063 83 10 answers answer NOUN bracis-19063 83 11 in in ADP bracis-19063 83 12 the the DET bracis-19063 83 13 tokens token NOUN bracis-19063 83 14 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 83 15 so so SCONJ bracis-19063 83 16 the the DET bracis-19063 83 17 model model NOUN bracis-19063 83 18 can can AUX bracis-19063 83 19 find find VERB bracis-19063 83 20 where where SCONJ bracis-19063 83 21 exactly exactly ADV bracis-19063 83 22 the the DET bracis-19063 83 23 answer answer NOUN bracis-19063 83 24 is be AUX bracis-19063 83 25 in in ADP bracis-19063 83 26 each each DET bracis-19063 83 27 feature feature NOUN bracis-19063 83 28 ; ; PUNCT bracis-19063 83 29 5 5 X bracis-19063 83 30 . . X bracis-19063 83 31 padding pad VERB bracis-19063 83 32 the the DET bracis-19063 83 33 text text NOUN bracis-19063 83 34 to to ADP bracis-19063 83 35 the the DET bracis-19063 83 36 maximum maximum ADJ bracis-19063 83 37 sequence sequence NOUN bracis-19063 83 38 length length NOUN bracis-19063 83 39 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 84 1 finally finally ADV bracis-19063 84 2 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 84 3 we we PRON bracis-19063 84 4 performed perform VERB bracis-19063 84 5 the the DET bracis-19063 84 6 fine fine ADV bracis-19063 84 7 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 84 8 tuning tuning NOUN bracis-19063 84 9 to to ADP bracis-19063 84 10 the the DET bracis-19063 84 11 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 84 12 task task NOUN bracis-19063 84 13 with with ADP bracis-19063 84 14 the the DET bracis-19063 84 15 transformers transformer NOUN bracis-19063 84 16 automodelforquestionanswering automodelforquestionanswere VERB bracis-19063 84 17 class class NOUN bracis-19063 85 1 [ [ X bracis-19063 85 2 21 21 NUM bracis-19063 85 3 ] ] PUNCT bracis-19063 85 4 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 85 5 using use VERB bracis-19063 85 6 biobertpt biobertpt NOUN bracis-19063 85 7 pre pre VERB bracis-19063 85 8 - - ADJ bracis-19063 85 9 trained train VERB bracis-19063 85 10 weights weight NOUN bracis-19063 85 11 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 86 1 we we PRON bracis-19063 86 2 trained train VERB bracis-19063 86 3 our our PRON bracis-19063 86 4 portuguese portuguese ADJ bracis-19063 86 5 biomedical biomedical ADJ bracis-19063 86 6 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 86 7 model model NOUN bracis-19063 86 8 for for ADP bracis-19063 86 9 three three NUM bracis-19063 86 10 epochs epoch NOUN bracis-19063 86 11 on on ADP bracis-19063 86 12 a a DET bracis-19063 86 13 gpu gpu NOUN bracis-19063 86 14 gtx2080ti gtx2080ti PROPN bracis-19063 86 15 titan titan PROPN bracis-19063 86 16 12 12 NUM bracis-19063 86 17 gb gb NOUN bracis-19063 86 18 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 86 19 with with ADP bracis-19063 86 20 learning learn VERB bracis-19063 86 21 rate rate NOUN bracis-19063 86 22 as as ADP bracis-19063 86 23 0.00003 0.00003 NUM bracis-19063 86 24 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 86 25 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 86 26 both both DET bracis-19063 86 27 training training NOUN bracis-19063 86 28 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 86 29 evaluation evaluation NOUN bracis-19063 86 30 batch batch NOUN bracis-19063 86 31 size size NOUN bracis-19063 86 32 as as ADP bracis-19063 86 33 16 16 NUM bracis-19063 86 34 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 87 1 all all DET bracis-19063 87 2 these these DET bracis-19063 87 3 parameters parameter NOUN bracis-19063 87 4 were be AUX bracis-19063 87 5 recommend recommend VERB bracis-19063 87 6 for for ADP bracis-19063 87 7 fine fine ADV bracis-19063 87 8 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 87 9 tuning tune VERB bracis-19063 87 10 step step NOUN bracis-19063 87 11 by by ADP bracis-19063 87 12 [ [ X bracis-19063 87 13 3 3 NUM bracis-19063 87 14 ] ] PUNCT bracis-19063 87 15 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 87 16 at at ADP bracis-19063 87 17 appendix appendix NOUN bracis-19063 87 18 a.3 a.3 PROPN bracis-19063 87 19 of of ADP bracis-19063 87 20 the the DET bracis-19063 87 21 paper paper NOUN bracis-19063 87 22 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 88 1 table table NOUN bracis-19063 88 2     SPACE bracis-19063 88 3 1 1 NUM bracis-19063 88 4 shows show VERB bracis-19063 88 5 the the DET bracis-19063 88 6 main main ADJ bracis-19063 88 7 hyper hyper ADJ bracis-19063 88 8 - - ADJ bracis-19063 88 9 parameter parameter NOUN bracis-19063 88 10 settings setting NOUN bracis-19063 88 11 used use VERB bracis-19063 88 12 to to PART bracis-19063 88 13 train train VERB bracis-19063 88 14 our our PRON bracis-19063 88 15 model model NOUN bracis-19063 88 16 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 89 1 in in ADP bracis-19063 89 2 fig fig NOUN bracis-19063 89 3 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 89 4     SPACE bracis-19063 89 5 2 2 NUM bracis-19063 89 6 we we PRON bracis-19063 89 7 can can AUX bracis-19063 89 8 see see VERB bracis-19063 89 9 the the DET bracis-19063 89 10 bert bert PROPN bracis-19063 89 11 model model NOUN bracis-19063 89 12 trained train VERB bracis-19063 89 13 for for ADP bracis-19063 89 14 the the DET bracis-19063 89 15 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 89 16 task task NOUN bracis-19063 89 17 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 89 18 where where SCONJ bracis-19063 89 19 given give VERB bracis-19063 89 20 input input NOUN bracis-19063 89 21 with with ADP bracis-19063 89 22 the the DET bracis-19063 89 23 question question NOUN bracis-19063 89 24 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 89 25 context context NOUN bracis-19063 89 26 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 89 27 the the DET bracis-19063 89 28 model model NOUN bracis-19063 89 29 predicts predict VERB bracis-19063 89 30 as as ADP bracis-19063 89 31 output output NOUN bracis-19063 89 32 the the DET bracis-19063 89 33 start start NOUN bracis-19063 89 34 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 89 35 end end VERB bracis-19063 89 36 indices index NOUN bracis-19063 89 37 of of ADP bracis-19063 89 38 the the DET bracis-19063 89 39 probable probable ADJ bracis-19063 89 40 answer answer NOUN bracis-19063 89 41 to to ADP bracis-19063 89 42 the the DET bracis-19063 89 43 question question NOUN bracis-19063 89 44 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 90 1 the the DET bracis-19063 90 2 resulting result VERB bracis-19063 90 3 model model NOUN bracis-19063 90 4 is be AUX bracis-19063 90 5 available available ADJ bracis-19063 90 6 at at SCONJ bracis-19063 90 7 transformers transformer NOUN bracis-19063 90 8 repositoryfootnote repositoryfootnote VERB bracis-19063 90 9 7 7 NUM bracis-19063 90 10 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 90 11 fig fig NOUN bracis-19063 90 12 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 91 1 2 2 X bracis-19063 91 2 . . X bracis-19063 91 3 bert bert NOUN bracis-19063 91 4 model model NOUN bracis-19063 91 5 architecture architecture NOUN bracis-19063 91 6 for for ADP bracis-19063 91 7 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 91 8 task task NOUN bracis-19063 91 9 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 91 10 where where SCONJ bracis-19063 91 11 it it PRON bracis-19063 91 12 is be AUX bracis-19063 91 13 packed pack VERB bracis-19063 91 14 both both CCONJ bracis-19063 91 15 the the DET bracis-19063 91 16 question question NOUN bracis-19063 91 17 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 91 18 the the DET bracis-19063 91 19 context context NOUN bracis-19063 91 20 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 91 21 i.e. i.e. X bracis-19063 91 22 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 91 23 reference reference NOUN bracis-19063 91 24 text text NOUN bracis-19063 91 25 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 91 26 into into ADP bracis-19063 91 27 the the DET bracis-19063 91 28 input input NOUN bracis-19063 91 29 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 91 30 as as ADP bracis-19063 91 31 output output NOUN bracis-19063 91 32 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 91 33 the the DET bracis-19063 91 34 model model NOUN bracis-19063 91 35 predicts predict VERB bracis-19063 91 36 the the DET bracis-19063 91 37 beginning beginning NOUN bracis-19063 91 38 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 91 39 end end VERB bracis-19063 91 40 spans span NOUN bracis-19063 91 41 of of ADP bracis-19063 91 42 the the DET bracis-19063 91 43 answer answer NOUN bracis-19063 91 44 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 92 1 in in ADP bracis-19063 92 2 bold bold ADJ bracis-19063 92 3 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 92 4 the the DET bracis-19063 92 5 expected expect VERB bracis-19063 92 6 answer answer NOUN bracis-19063 92 7 to to ADP bracis-19063 92 8 the the DET bracis-19063 92 9 input input NOUN bracis-19063 92 10 question question NOUN bracis-19063 92 11 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 93 1 full full ADJ bracis-19063 93 2 size size NOUN bracis-19063 93 3 image image NOUN bracis-19063 93 4 table table NOUN bracis-19063 93 5 1 1 NUM bracis-19063 93 6 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 93 7 main main ADJ bracis-19063 93 8 hyper hyper ADJ bracis-19063 93 9 - - ADJ bracis-19063 93 10 parameter parameter ADJ bracis-19063 93 11 settings setting NOUN bracis-19063 93 12 of of ADP bracis-19063 93 13 biobertpt biobertpt NOUN bracis-19063 93 14 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 93 15 squad squad NOUN bracis-19063 93 16 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 93 17 v1.1 v1.1 NOUN bracis-19063 93 18 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 93 19 portuguese portuguese ADJ bracis-19063 93 20 trainingfull trainingfull NOUN bracis-19063 93 21 size size NOUN bracis-19063 93 22 table table NOUN bracis-19063 93 23 3.2 3.2 NUM bracis-19063 93 24 evaluation evaluation NOUN bracis-19063 93 25 setup setup NOUN bracis-19063 93 26 our our PRON bracis-19063 93 27 model model NOUN bracis-19063 93 28 achieved achieve VERB bracis-19063 93 29 a a DET bracis-19063 93 30 f1 f1 NOUN bracis-19063 93 31 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 93 32 score score NOUN bracis-19063 93 33 of of ADP bracis-19063 93 34 80.06 80.06 NUM bracis-19063 93 35 when when SCONJ bracis-19063 93 36 measuring measure VERB bracis-19063 93 37 using use VERB bracis-19063 93 38 the the DET bracis-19063 93 39 squad squad ADJ bracis-19063 93 40 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-19063 93 41 annotations annotation NOUN bracis-19063 93 42 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 94 1 however however ADV bracis-19063 94 2 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 94 3 the the DET bracis-19063 94 4 goal goal NOUN bracis-19063 94 5 of of ADP bracis-19063 94 6 our our PRON bracis-19063 94 7 work work NOUN bracis-19063 94 8 is be AUX bracis-19063 94 9 to to PART bracis-19063 94 10 generate generate VERB bracis-19063 94 11 a a DET bracis-19063 94 12 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 94 13 model model NOUN bracis-19063 94 14 to to PART bracis-19063 94 15 be be AUX bracis-19063 94 16 used use VERB bracis-19063 94 17 in in ADP bracis-19063 94 18 the the DET bracis-19063 94 19 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 94 20 domain domain NOUN bracis-19063 94 21 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 94 22 therefore therefore ADV bracis-19063 94 23 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 94 24 we we PRON bracis-19063 94 25 need need VERB bracis-19063 94 26 to to PART bracis-19063 94 27 define define VERB bracis-19063 94 28 an an DET bracis-19063 94 29 assessment assessment NOUN bracis-19063 94 30 protocol protocol NOUN bracis-19063 94 31 that that PRON bracis-19063 94 32 addresses address VERB bracis-19063 94 33 this this DET bracis-19063 94 34 context context NOUN bracis-19063 94 35 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 95 1 in in ADP bracis-19063 95 2 the the DET bracis-19063 95 3 following follow VERB bracis-19063 95 4 subsections subsection NOUN bracis-19063 95 5 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 95 6 we we PRON bracis-19063 95 7 describe describe VERB bracis-19063 95 8 the the DET bracis-19063 95 9 selection selection NOUN bracis-19063 95 10 of of ADP bracis-19063 95 11 the the DET bracis-19063 95 12 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 95 13 notes note NOUN bracis-19063 95 14 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 95 15 the the DET bracis-19063 95 16 definition definition NOUN bracis-19063 95 17 of of ADP bracis-19063 95 18 the the DET bracis-19063 95 19 questions question NOUN bracis-19063 95 20 used use VERB bracis-19063 95 21 to to PART bracis-19063 95 22 evaluate evaluate VERB bracis-19063 95 23 our our PRON bracis-19063 95 24 model model NOUN bracis-19063 95 25 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 96 1 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 96 2 notes note NOUN bracis-19063 96 3 selection selection NOUN bracis-19063 96 4 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 97 1 there there PRON bracis-19063 97 2 are be VERB bracis-19063 97 3 many many ADJ bracis-19063 97 4 uses use NOUN bracis-19063 97 5 of of ADP bracis-19063 97 6 a a DET bracis-19063 97 7 qa qa NOUN bracis-19063 97 8 system system NOUN bracis-19063 97 9 in in ADP bracis-19063 97 10 the the DET bracis-19063 97 11 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 97 12 environment environment NOUN bracis-19063 97 13 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 97 14 being be AUX bracis-19063 97 15 able able ADJ bracis-19063 97 16 to to PART bracis-19063 97 17 support support VERB bracis-19063 97 18 the the DET bracis-19063 97 19 entire entire ADJ bracis-19063 97 20 multidisciplinary multidisciplinary ADJ bracis-19063 97 21 health health NOUN bracis-19063 97 22 staff staff NOUN bracis-19063 97 23 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 98 1 among among ADP bracis-19063 98 2 the the DET bracis-19063 98 3 possibilities possibility NOUN bracis-19063 98 4 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 98 5 the the DET bracis-19063 98 6 system system NOUN bracis-19063 98 7 could could AUX bracis-19063 98 8 help help VERB bracis-19063 98 9 the the DET bracis-19063 98 10 medical medical ADJ bracis-19063 98 11 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 98 12 nursing nursing NOUN bracis-19063 98 13 professionals professional NOUN bracis-19063 98 14 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 98 15 who who PRON bracis-19063 98 16 constantly constantly ADV bracis-19063 98 17 need need VERB bracis-19063 98 18 to to PART bracis-19063 98 19 retrieve retrieve VERB bracis-19063 98 20 information information NOUN bracis-19063 98 21 from from ADP bracis-19063 98 22 the the DET bracis-19063 98 23 patient patient NOUN bracis-19063 98 24 ’s ’s PART bracis-19063 98 25 medical medical ADJ bracis-19063 98 26 record record NOUN bracis-19063 98 27 to to PART bracis-19063 98 28 carry carry VERB bracis-19063 98 29 out out ADP bracis-19063 98 30 their their PRON bracis-19063 98 31 interventions intervention NOUN bracis-19063 98 32 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 99 1 thinking think VERB bracis-19063 99 2 about about ADP bracis-19063 99 3 these these DET bracis-19063 99 4 cases case NOUN bracis-19063 99 5 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 99 6 we we PRON bracis-19063 99 7 selected select VERB bracis-19063 99 8 two two NUM bracis-19063 99 9 main main ADJ bracis-19063 99 10 categories category NOUN bracis-19063 99 11 of of ADP bracis-19063 99 12 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 99 13 notes note NOUN bracis-19063 99 14 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 99 15 nursing nursing NOUN bracis-19063 99 16 notes note NOUN bracis-19063 99 17 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 99 18 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 99 19 medical medical ADJ bracis-19063 99 20 notes note NOUN bracis-19063 99 21 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 100 1 the the DET bracis-19063 100 2 nursing nursing NOUN bracis-19063 100 3 note note NOUN bracis-19063 100 4 is be AUX bracis-19063 100 5 a a DET bracis-19063 100 6 document document NOUN bracis-19063 100 7 that that PRON bracis-19063 100 8 describes describe VERB bracis-19063 100 9 the the DET bracis-19063 100 10 general general ADJ bracis-19063 100 11 state state NOUN bracis-19063 100 12 of of ADP bracis-19063 100 13 the the DET bracis-19063 100 14 patient patient NOUN bracis-19063 100 15 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 100 16 actions action NOUN bracis-19063 100 17 performed perform VERB bracis-19063 100 18 by by ADP bracis-19063 100 19 the the DET bracis-19063 100 20 nurses nurse NOUN bracis-19063 100 21 during during ADP bracis-19063 100 22 the the DET bracis-19063 100 23 care care NOUN bracis-19063 100 24 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 100 25 e.g. e.g. ADV bracis-19063 100 26 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 100 27 physical physical ADJ bracis-19063 100 28 examination examination NOUN bracis-19063 100 29 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 100 30 medications medication NOUN bracis-19063 100 31 used use VERB bracis-19063 100 32 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 100 33 vital vital ADJ bracis-19063 100 34 signs sign NOUN bracis-19063 100 35 monitoring monitor VERB bracis-19063 100 36 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 100 37 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 101 1 this this DET bracis-19063 101 2 document document NOUN bracis-19063 101 3 is be AUX bracis-19063 101 4 used use VERB bracis-19063 101 5 to to PART bracis-19063 101 6 compare compare VERB bracis-19063 101 7 the the DET bracis-19063 101 8 patient patient NOUN bracis-19063 101 9 ’s ’s PART bracis-19063 101 10 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 101 11 condition condition NOUN bracis-19063 101 12 during during ADP bracis-19063 101 13 the the DET bracis-19063 101 14 last last ADJ bracis-19063 101 15 24 24 NUM bracis-19063 101 16     SPACE bracis-19063 101 17 h h NOUN bracis-19063 101 18 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 101 19 is be AUX bracis-19063 101 20 very very ADV bracis-19063 101 21 useful useful ADJ bracis-19063 101 22 to to PART bracis-19063 101 23 determine determine VERB bracis-19063 101 24 optimal optimal ADJ bracis-19063 101 25 strategies strategy NOUN bracis-19063 101 26 of of ADP bracis-19063 101 27 care care NOUN bracis-19063 101 28 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 101 29 e.g. e.g. ADV bracis-19063 101 30 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 101 31 new new ADJ bracis-19063 101 32 physical physical ADJ bracis-19063 101 33 examinations examination NOUN bracis-19063 101 34 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 102 1 [ [ X bracis-19063 102 2 4 4 NUM bracis-19063 102 3 ] ] PUNCT bracis-19063 102 4 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 103 1 the the DET bracis-19063 103 2 medical medical ADJ bracis-19063 103 3 note note NOUN bracis-19063 103 4 contains contain VERB bracis-19063 103 5 a a DET bracis-19063 103 6 narrative narrative NOUN bracis-19063 103 7 regarding regard VERB bracis-19063 103 8 the the DET bracis-19063 103 9 patient patient NOUN bracis-19063 103 10 ’s ’s PART bracis-19063 103 11 signs sign NOUN bracis-19063 103 12 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 103 13 symptoms symptom NOUN bracis-19063 103 14 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 103 15 comorbidities comorbiditie NOUN bracis-19063 103 16 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 103 17 diagnosis diagnosis NOUN bracis-19063 103 18 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 103 19 prescribed prescribed ADJ bracis-19063 103 20 medications medication NOUN bracis-19063 103 21 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 103 22 post post ADJ bracis-19063 103 23 - - ADJ bracis-19063 103 24 surgery surgery ADJ bracis-19063 103 25 data datum NOUN bracis-19063 103 26 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 103 27 etc etc X bracis-19063 103 28 . . X bracis-19063 104 1 all all DET bracis-19063 104 2 this this DET bracis-19063 104 3 information information NOUN bracis-19063 104 4 is be AUX bracis-19063 104 5 written write VERB bracis-19063 104 6 in in ADP bracis-19063 104 7 chronological chronological ADJ bracis-19063 104 8 order order NOUN bracis-19063 104 9 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 104 10 to to PART bracis-19063 104 11 facilitate facilitate VERB bracis-19063 104 12 the the DET bracis-19063 104 13 understanding understanding NOUN bracis-19063 104 14 of of ADP bracis-19063 104 15 the the DET bracis-19063 104 16 history history NOUN bracis-19063 104 17 of of ADP bracis-19063 104 18 care care NOUN bracis-19063 104 19 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 104 20 support support VERB bracis-19063 104 21 the the DET bracis-19063 104 22 decision decision NOUN bracis-19063 104 23 of of ADP bracis-19063 104 24 the the DET bracis-19063 104 25 healthcare healthcare NOUN bracis-19063 104 26 professionals professional NOUN bracis-19063 104 27 [ [ X bracis-19063 104 28 5 5 NUM bracis-19063 104 29 ] ] PUNCT bracis-19063 104 30 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 105 1 the the DET bracis-19063 105 2 nursing nursing NOUN bracis-19063 105 3 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 105 4 medical medical ADJ bracis-19063 105 5 notes note NOUN bracis-19063 105 6 were be AUX bracis-19063 105 7 selected select VERB bracis-19063 105 8 from from ADP bracis-19063 105 9 the the DET bracis-19063 105 10 semclinbr semclinbr NOUN bracis-19063 105 11 corpus corpus NOUN bracis-19063 105 12 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 105 13 prioritizing prioritize VERB bracis-19063 105 14 narrative narrative NOUN bracis-19063 105 15 aspects aspect NOUN bracis-19063 105 16 that that PRON bracis-19063 105 17 would would AUX bracis-19063 105 18 allow allow VERB bracis-19063 105 19 the the DET bracis-19063 105 20 realization realization NOUN bracis-19063 105 21 of of ADP bracis-19063 105 22 questions question NOUN bracis-19063 105 23 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 105 24 to to PART bracis-19063 105 25 use use VERB bracis-19063 105 26 the the DET bracis-19063 105 27 answers answer NOUN bracis-19063 105 28 to to PART bracis-19063 105 29 facilitate facilitate VERB bracis-19063 105 30 the the DET bracis-19063 105 31 elaboration elaboration NOUN bracis-19063 105 32 of of ADP bracis-19063 105 33 a a DET bracis-19063 105 34 nursing nursing NOUN bracis-19063 105 35 diagnosis diagnosis NOUN bracis-19063 105 36 by by ADP bracis-19063 105 37 the the DET bracis-19063 105 38 nursing nursing NOUN bracis-19063 105 39 team team NOUN bracis-19063 105 40 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 105 41 during during ADP bracis-19063 105 42 the the DET bracis-19063 105 43 shift shift NOUN bracis-19063 105 44 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 106 1 as as ADV bracis-19063 106 2 well well ADV bracis-19063 106 3 as as ADP bracis-19063 106 4 carrying carry VERB bracis-19063 106 5 out out ADP bracis-19063 106 6 a a DET bracis-19063 106 7 quick quick ADJ bracis-19063 106 8 search search NOUN bracis-19063 106 9 by by ADP bracis-19063 106 10 the the DET bracis-19063 106 11 multidisciplinary multidisciplinary ADJ bracis-19063 106 12 team team NOUN bracis-19063 106 13 to to PART bracis-19063 106 14 support support VERB bracis-19063 106 15 the the DET bracis-19063 106 16 practices practice NOUN bracis-19063 106 17 to to PART bracis-19063 106 18 be be AUX bracis-19063 106 19 adopted adopt VERB bracis-19063 106 20 in in ADP bracis-19063 106 21 the the DET bracis-19063 106 22 patient patient NOUN bracis-19063 106 23 ’s ’s PART bracis-19063 106 24 care care NOUN bracis-19063 106 25 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 107 1 three three NUM bracis-19063 107 2 nursing nursing NOUN bracis-19063 107 3 notes note NOUN bracis-19063 107 4 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 107 5 six six NUM bracis-19063 107 6 medical medical ADJ bracis-19063 107 7 notes note NOUN bracis-19063 107 8 were be AUX bracis-19063 107 9 selected select VERB bracis-19063 107 10 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 107 11 being be AUX bracis-19063 107 12 three three NUM bracis-19063 107 13 from from ADP bracis-19063 107 14 medical medical ADJ bracis-19063 107 15 assistance assistance NOUN bracis-19063 107 16 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 107 17 i.e. i.e. X bracis-19063 107 18 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 107 19 hospital hospital NOUN bracis-19063 107 20 admission admission NOUN bracis-19063 107 21 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 107 22 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 107 23 three three NUM bracis-19063 107 24 from from ADP bracis-19063 107 25 ambulatory ambulatory ADJ bracis-19063 107 26 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 107 27 i.e. i.e. X bracis-19063 107 28 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 107 29 outpatient outpatient NOUN bracis-19063 107 30 service service NOUN bracis-19063 107 31 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 107 32 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 108 1 questions question NOUN bracis-19063 108 2 definition definition NOUN bracis-19063 108 3 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 109 1 after after ADP bracis-19063 109 2 defining define VERB bracis-19063 109 3 the the DET bracis-19063 109 4 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 109 5 notes note NOUN bracis-19063 109 6 to to PART bracis-19063 109 7 be be AUX bracis-19063 109 8 used use VERB bracis-19063 109 9 as as ADP bracis-19063 109 10 the the DET bracis-19063 109 11 context context NOUN bracis-19063 109 12 for for ADP bracis-19063 109 13 our our PRON bracis-19063 109 14 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 109 15 model model NOUN bracis-19063 109 16 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 109 17 we we PRON bracis-19063 109 18 defined define VERB bracis-19063 109 19 a a DET bracis-19063 109 20 set set NOUN bracis-19063 109 21 of of ADP bracis-19063 109 22 questions question NOUN bracis-19063 109 23 that that PRON bracis-19063 109 24 we we PRON bracis-19063 109 25 would would AUX bracis-19063 109 26 ask ask VERB bracis-19063 109 27 the the DET bracis-19063 109 28 model model NOUN bracis-19063 109 29 to to PART bracis-19063 109 30 try try VERB bracis-19063 109 31 to to PART bracis-19063 109 32 find find VERB bracis-19063 109 33 the the DET bracis-19063 109 34 answers answer NOUN bracis-19063 109 35 to to ADP bracis-19063 109 36 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 110 1 the the DET bracis-19063 110 2 questions question NOUN bracis-19063 110 3 were be AUX bracis-19063 110 4 based base VERB bracis-19063 110 5 on on ADP bracis-19063 110 6 nursing nursing NOUN bracis-19063 110 7 diagnosis diagnosis NOUN bracis-19063 110 8 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 110 9 risk risk NOUN bracis-19063 110 10 factors factor NOUN bracis-19063 110 11 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 110 12 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 110 13 defining define VERB bracis-19063 110 14 characteristics characteristic NOUN bracis-19063 110 15 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 110 16 that that ADV bracis-19063 110 17 is is ADV bracis-19063 110 18 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 110 19 a a DET bracis-19063 110 20 set set NOUN bracis-19063 110 21 of of ADP bracis-19063 110 22 information information NOUN bracis-19063 110 23 that that PRON bracis-19063 110 24 demonstrates demonstrate VERB bracis-19063 110 25 signs sign NOUN bracis-19063 110 26 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 110 27 symptoms symptom NOUN bracis-19063 110 28 of of ADP bracis-19063 110 29 a a DET bracis-19063 110 30 given give VERB bracis-19063 110 31 diagnosis diagnosis NOUN bracis-19063 110 32 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 111 1 the the DET bracis-19063 111 2 selected select VERB bracis-19063 111 3 criteria criterion NOUN bracis-19063 111 4 were be AUX bracis-19063 111 5 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 111 6 physical physical ADJ bracis-19063 111 7 examination examination NOUN bracis-19063 111 8 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 111 9 level level NOUN bracis-19063 111 10 of of ADP bracis-19063 111 11 consciousness consciousness NOUN bracis-19063 111 12 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 111 13 circulation circulation NOUN bracis-19063 111 14 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 111 15 ventilation ventilation NOUN bracis-19063 111 16 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 111 17 procedures procedure NOUN bracis-19063 111 18 / / SYM bracis-19063 111 19 care care NOUN bracis-19063 111 20 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 111 21 nutrition nutrition NOUN bracis-19063 111 22 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 111 23 physiological physiological ADJ bracis-19063 111 24 eliminations elimination NOUN bracis-19063 111 25 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 111 26 intravenous intravenous ADJ bracis-19063 111 27 devices device NOUN bracis-19063 111 28 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 111 29 pain pain NOUN bracis-19063 111 30 complaints complaint NOUN bracis-19063 111 31 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 111 32 exams exam NOUN bracis-19063 111 33 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 112 1 for for ADP bracis-19063 112 2 nursing nursing NOUN bracis-19063 112 3 notes note NOUN bracis-19063 112 4 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 112 5 ten ten NUM bracis-19063 112 6 questions question NOUN bracis-19063 112 7 were be AUX bracis-19063 112 8 elaborated elaborate VERB bracis-19063 112 9 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 112 10 applied apply VERB bracis-19063 112 11 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 113 1 for for ADP bracis-19063 113 2 the the DET bracis-19063 113 3 medical medical ADJ bracis-19063 113 4 notes note NOUN bracis-19063 113 5 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 113 6 eight eight NUM bracis-19063 113 7 questions question NOUN bracis-19063 113 8 were be AUX bracis-19063 113 9 elaborated elaborate VERB bracis-19063 113 10 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 113 11 applied apply VERB bracis-19063 113 12 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 114 1 evaluation evaluation NOUN bracis-19063 114 2 process process NOUN bracis-19063 114 3 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 114 4 metrics metric NOUN bracis-19063 114 5 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 115 1 to to PART bracis-19063 115 2 generate generate VERB bracis-19063 115 3 the the DET bracis-19063 115 4 gold gold ADJ bracis-19063 115 5 standard standard NOUN bracis-19063 115 6 of of ADP bracis-19063 115 7 answers answer NOUN bracis-19063 115 8 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 115 9 a a DET bracis-19063 115 10 specialist specialist NOUN bracis-19063 115 11 analyzed analyze VERB bracis-19063 115 12 all all DET bracis-19063 115 13 selected select VERB bracis-19063 115 14 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 115 15 notes note NOUN bracis-19063 115 16 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 115 17 annotated annotate VERB bracis-19063 115 18 the the DET bracis-19063 115 19 text text NOUN bracis-19063 115 20 with with ADP bracis-19063 115 21 the the DET bracis-19063 115 22 corresponding correspond VERB bracis-19063 115 23 answers answer NOUN bracis-19063 115 24 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 115 25 examples example NOUN bracis-19063 115 26 are be AUX bracis-19063 115 27 presented present VERB bracis-19063 115 28 in in ADP bracis-19063 115 29 fig fig NOUN bracis-19063 115 30 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 115 31     SPACE bracis-19063 115 32 3 3 NUM bracis-19063 115 33 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 115 34 fig fig NOUN bracis-19063 115 35 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 115 36     SPACE bracis-19063 115 37 4 4 NUM bracis-19063 115 38 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 115 39 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 116 1 after after ADP bracis-19063 116 2 the the DET bracis-19063 116 3 generation generation NOUN bracis-19063 116 4 of of ADP bracis-19063 116 5 the the DET bracis-19063 116 6 gold gold NOUN bracis-19063 116 7 standard standard NOUN bracis-19063 116 8 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 116 9 all all DET bracis-19063 116 10 questions question NOUN bracis-19063 116 11 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 116 12 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 116 13 notes note NOUN bracis-19063 116 14 were be AUX bracis-19063 116 15 input input ADJ bracis-19063 116 16 to to ADP bracis-19063 116 17 our our PRON bracis-19063 116 18 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 116 19 model model NOUN bracis-19063 116 20 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 116 21 so so ADV bracis-19063 116 22 we we PRON bracis-19063 116 23 made make VERB bracis-19063 116 24 a a DET bracis-19063 116 25 comparison comparison NOUN bracis-19063 116 26 between between ADP bracis-19063 116 27 the the DET bracis-19063 116 28 model model NOUN bracis-19063 116 29 ’s ’s PART bracis-19063 116 30 answers answer NOUN bracis-19063 116 31 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 116 32 those those PRON bracis-19063 116 33 generated generate VERB bracis-19063 116 34 by by ADP bracis-19063 116 35 the the DET bracis-19063 116 36 expert expert NOUN bracis-19063 116 37 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 117 1 a a DET bracis-19063 117 2 calculation calculation NOUN bracis-19063 117 3 of of ADP bracis-19063 117 4 precision precision NOUN bracis-19063 117 5 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 117 6 recall recall NOUN bracis-19063 117 7 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 117 8 f1 f1 NOUN bracis-19063 117 9 metrics metric NOUN bracis-19063 117 10 was be AUX bracis-19063 117 11 performed perform VERB bracis-19063 117 12 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 118 1 we we PRON bracis-19063 118 2 used use VERB bracis-19063 118 3 a a DET bracis-19063 118 4 partial partial ADJ bracis-19063 118 5 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 118 6 match match NOUN bracis-19063 118 7 strategy strategy NOUN bracis-19063 118 8 since since SCONJ bracis-19063 118 9 once once ADV bracis-19063 118 10 the the DET bracis-19063 118 11 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 118 12 system system NOUN bracis-19063 118 13 finds find VERB bracis-19063 118 14 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 118 15 marks mark VERB bracis-19063 118 16 the the DET bracis-19063 118 17 answer answer NOUN bracis-19063 118 18 in in ADP bracis-19063 118 19 the the DET bracis-19063 118 20 text text NOUN bracis-19063 118 21 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 118 22 even even ADV bracis-19063 118 23 partially partially ADV bracis-19063 118 24 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 118 25 the the DET bracis-19063 118 26 user user NOUN bracis-19063 118 27 could could AUX bracis-19063 118 28 easily easily ADV bracis-19063 118 29 identify identify VERB bracis-19063 118 30 the the DET bracis-19063 118 31 rest rest NOUN bracis-19063 118 32 of of ADP bracis-19063 118 33 the the DET bracis-19063 118 34 information information NOUN bracis-19063 118 35 in in ADP bracis-19063 118 36 the the DET bracis-19063 118 37 text text NOUN bracis-19063 118 38 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 119 1 for for ADP bracis-19063 119 2 example example NOUN bracis-19063 119 3 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 119 4 in in ADP bracis-19063 119 5 the the DET bracis-19063 119 6 gold gold NOUN bracis-19063 119 7 standard standard NOUN bracis-19063 119 8 the the DET bracis-19063 119 9 excerpt excerpt NOUN bracis-19063 119 10 of of ADP bracis-19063 119 11 text text NOUN bracis-19063 119 12 that that PRON bracis-19063 119 13 answers answer VERB bracis-19063 119 14 the the PRON bracis-19063 119 15 “ " PUNCT bracis-19063 119 16 has have VERB bracis-19063 119 17 previous previous ADJ bracis-19063 119 18 diseases disease NOUN bracis-19063 119 19 ? ? PUNCT bracis-19063 119 20 ” " PUNCT bracis-19063 119 21 question question NOUN bracis-19063 119 22 is be AUX bracis-19063 119 23 “ " PUNCT bracis-19063 119 24 previously previously ADV bracis-19063 119 25 hypertension hypertension NOUN bracis-19063 119 26 / / SYM bracis-19063 119 27 diabetes diabetes NOUN bracis-19063 119 28 / / SYM bracis-19063 119 29 chronic chronic ADJ bracis-19063 119 30 obstructive obstructive ADJ bracis-19063 119 31 pulmonary pulmonary ADJ bracis-19063 119 32 disease disease NOUN bracis-19063 119 33 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 120 1 stroke stroke NOUN bracis-19063 120 2 with with ADP bracis-19063 120 3 left left ADJ bracis-19063 120 4 hemiparesis hemiparesis NOUN bracis-19063 120 5 2 2 NUM bracis-19063 120 6     SPACE bracis-19063 120 7 years year NOUN bracis-19063 120 8 ago ago ADV bracis-19063 120 9 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 120 10 ” " PUNCT bracis-19063 120 11 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 120 12 but but CCONJ bracis-19063 120 13 the the DET bracis-19063 120 14 model model NOUN bracis-19063 120 15 outputted output VERB bracis-19063 120 16 just just ADV bracis-19063 120 17 a a DET bracis-19063 120 18 partial partial ADJ bracis-19063 120 19 match match NOUN bracis-19063 120 20 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 120 21 “ " PUNCT bracis-19063 120 22 previously previously ADV bracis-19063 120 23 hypertension hypertension NOUN bracis-19063 120 24 / / SYM bracis-19063 120 25 diabetes diabetes NOUN bracis-19063 120 26 / / SYM bracis-19063 120 27 chronic chronic ADJ bracis-19063 120 28 obstructive obstructive ADJ bracis-19063 120 29 pulmonary pulmonary ADJ bracis-19063 120 30 disease disease NOUN bracis-19063 120 31 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 120 32 ” " PUNCT bracis-19063 120 33 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 121 1 in in ADP bracis-19063 121 2 these these DET bracis-19063 121 3 cases case NOUN bracis-19063 121 4 the the DET bracis-19063 121 5 partial partial ADJ bracis-19063 121 6 match match NOUN bracis-19063 121 7 approach approach NOUN bracis-19063 121 8 considers consider VERB bracis-19063 121 9 the the DET bracis-19063 121 10 prediction prediction NOUN bracis-19063 121 11 as as ADP bracis-19063 121 12 a a DET bracis-19063 121 13 true true ADJ bracis-19063 121 14 positive positive NOUN bracis-19063 121 15 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 122 1 it it PRON bracis-19063 122 2 is be AUX bracis-19063 122 3 worth worth ADJ bracis-19063 122 4 noting note VERB bracis-19063 122 5 that that SCONJ bracis-19063 122 6 our our PRON bracis-19063 122 7 gold gold ADJ bracis-19063 122 8 standard standard NOUN bracis-19063 122 9 was be AUX bracis-19063 122 10 not not PART bracis-19063 122 11 used use VERB bracis-19063 122 12 for for ADP bracis-19063 122 13 training training NOUN bracis-19063 122 14 purposes purpose NOUN bracis-19063 122 15 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 123 1 we we PRON bracis-19063 123 2 used use VERB bracis-19063 123 3 it it PRON bracis-19063 123 4 only only ADV bracis-19063 123 5 for for ADP bracis-19063 123 6 evaluation evaluation NOUN bracis-19063 123 7 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 123 8 as as SCONJ bracis-19063 123 9 we we PRON bracis-19063 123 10 exploited exploit VERB bracis-19063 123 11 the the DET bracis-19063 123 12 use use NOUN bracis-19063 123 13 of of ADP bracis-19063 123 14 transfer transfer NOUN bracis-19063 123 15 learning learning NOUN bracis-19063 123 16 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 123 17 already already ADV bracis-19063 123 18 built build VERB bracis-19063 123 19 resources resource NOUN bracis-19063 123 20 to to PART bracis-19063 123 21 develop develop VERB bracis-19063 123 22 our our PRON bracis-19063 123 23 model model NOUN bracis-19063 123 24 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 124 1 4 4 NUM bracis-19063 124 2 results result VERB bracis-19063 124 3 the the DET bracis-19063 124 4 result result NOUN bracis-19063 124 5 of of ADP bracis-19063 124 6 the the DET bracis-19063 124 7 evaluation evaluation NOUN bracis-19063 124 8 process process NOUN bracis-19063 124 9 is be AUX bracis-19063 124 10 summarized summarize VERB bracis-19063 124 11 in in ADP bracis-19063 124 12 table table NOUN bracis-19063 124 13     SPACE bracis-19063 124 14 2 2 NUM bracis-19063 124 15 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 124 16 where where SCONJ bracis-19063 124 17 we we PRON bracis-19063 124 18 can can AUX bracis-19063 124 19 see see VERB bracis-19063 124 20 better well ADJ bracis-19063 124 21 results result NOUN bracis-19063 124 22 when when SCONJ bracis-19063 124 23 we we PRON bracis-19063 124 24 process process VERB bracis-19063 124 25 nursing nursing NOUN bracis-19063 124 26 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 124 27 outpatient outpatient NOUN bracis-19063 124 28 notes note NOUN bracis-19063 124 29 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 125 1 in in ADP bracis-19063 125 2 fig fig NOUN bracis-19063 125 3 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 125 4     SPACE bracis-19063 125 5 5 5 NUM bracis-19063 125 6 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 125 7 all all DET bracis-19063 125 8 items item NOUN bracis-19063 125 9 evaluated evaluate VERB bracis-19063 125 10 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 125 11 the the DET bracis-19063 125 12 confidence confidence NOUN bracis-19063 125 13 rate rate NOUN bracis-19063 125 14 given give VERB bracis-19063 125 15 by by ADP bracis-19063 125 16 the the DET bracis-19063 125 17 model model NOUN bracis-19063 125 18 when when SCONJ bracis-19063 125 19 making make VERB bracis-19063 125 20 the the DET bracis-19063 125 21 prediction prediction NOUN bracis-19063 125 22 were be AUX bracis-19063 125 23 plotted plot VERB bracis-19063 125 24 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 126 1 in in ADP bracis-19063 126 2 addition addition NOUN bracis-19063 126 3 to to ADP bracis-19063 126 4 the the DET bracis-19063 126 5 hits hit NOUN bracis-19063 126 6 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 126 7 misses miss NOUN bracis-19063 126 8 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 126 9 we we PRON bracis-19063 126 10 also also ADV bracis-19063 126 11 include include VERB bracis-19063 126 12 the the DET bracis-19063 126 13 situation situation NOUN bracis-19063 126 14 in in ADP bracis-19063 126 15 which which PRON bracis-19063 126 16 the the DET bracis-19063 126 17 question question NOUN bracis-19063 126 18 asked ask VERB bracis-19063 126 19 does do AUX bracis-19063 126 20 not not PART bracis-19063 126 21 contain contain VERB bracis-19063 126 22 an an DET bracis-19063 126 23 answer answer NOUN bracis-19063 126 24 in in ADP bracis-19063 126 25 the the DET bracis-19063 126 26 text text NOUN bracis-19063 126 27 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 126 28 therefore therefore ADV bracis-19063 126 29 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 126 30 it it PRON bracis-19063 126 31 is be AUX bracis-19063 126 32 not not PART bracis-19063 126 33 possible possible ADJ bracis-19063 126 34 to to PART bracis-19063 126 35 make make VERB bracis-19063 126 36 a a DET bracis-19063 126 37 right right ADJ bracis-19063 126 38 answer answer NOUN bracis-19063 126 39 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 127 1 an an DET bracis-19063 127 2 analysis analysis NOUN bracis-19063 127 3 of of ADP bracis-19063 127 4 the the DET bracis-19063 127 5 graph graph NOUN bracis-19063 127 6 suggests suggest VERB bracis-19063 127 7 that that SCONJ bracis-19063 127 8 if if SCONJ bracis-19063 127 9 we we PRON bracis-19063 127 10 use use VERB bracis-19063 127 11 a a DET bracis-19063 127 12 threshold threshold NOUN bracis-19063 127 13 of of ADP bracis-19063 127 14 0.5 0.5 NUM bracis-19063 127 15 when when SCONJ bracis-19063 127 16 returning return VERB bracis-19063 127 17 the the DET bracis-19063 127 18 answer answer NOUN bracis-19063 127 19 to to ADP bracis-19063 127 20 the the DET bracis-19063 127 21 user user NOUN bracis-19063 127 22 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 127 23 < < X bracis-19063 127 24 0.5 0.5 NUM bracis-19063 127 25 then then ADV bracis-19063 127 26 no no DET bracis-19063 127 27 answer answer NOUN bracis-19063 127 28 ; ; PUNCT bracis-19063 127 29 \(\ge \(\ge PROPN bracis-19063 127 30 \)0.5 \)0.5 NUM bracis-19063 127 31 then then ADV bracis-19063 127 32 show show VERB bracis-19063 127 33 answer answer NOUN bracis-19063 127 34 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 127 35 we we PRON bracis-19063 127 36 could could AUX bracis-19063 127 37 avoid avoid VERB bracis-19063 127 38 several several ADJ bracis-19063 127 39 false false ADJ bracis-19063 127 40 positives positive NOUN bracis-19063 127 41 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 128 1 however however ADV bracis-19063 128 2 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 128 3 we we PRON bracis-19063 128 4 would would AUX bracis-19063 128 5 also also ADV bracis-19063 128 6 have have VERB bracis-19063 128 7 a a DET bracis-19063 128 8 reduction reduction NOUN bracis-19063 128 9 of of ADP bracis-19063 128 10 true true ADJ bracis-19063 128 11 positives positive NOUN bracis-19063 128 12 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 128 13 so so SCONJ bracis-19063 128 14 a a PRON bracis-19063 128 15 more more ADJ bracis-19063 128 16 in in ADP bracis-19063 128 17 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 128 18 depth depth NOUN bracis-19063 128 19 analysis analysis NOUN bracis-19063 128 20 of of ADP bracis-19063 128 21 this this DET bracis-19063 128 22 trade trade NOUN bracis-19063 128 23 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 128 24 off off NOUN bracis-19063 128 25 is be AUX bracis-19063 128 26 needed need VERB bracis-19063 128 27 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 129 1 fig fig NOUN bracis-19063 129 2 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 130 1 3 3 X bracis-19063 130 2 . . NOUN bracis-19063 130 3 example example NOUN bracis-19063 130 4 of of ADP bracis-19063 130 5 nursing nursing NOUN bracis-19063 130 6 note note NOUN bracis-19063 130 7 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 130 8 questions question NOUN bracis-19063 130 9 extracted extract VERB bracis-19063 130 10 from from ADP bracis-19063 130 11 the the DET bracis-19063 130 12 gold gold NOUN bracis-19063 130 13 standard standard NOUN bracis-19063 130 14 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 131 1 the the DET bracis-19063 131 2 answers answer NOUN bracis-19063 131 3 to to ADP bracis-19063 131 4 each each DET bracis-19063 131 5 question question NOUN bracis-19063 131 6 are be AUX bracis-19063 131 7 annotated annotate VERB bracis-19063 131 8 within within ADP bracis-19063 131 9 the the DET bracis-19063 131 10 text text NOUN bracis-19063 131 11 with with ADP bracis-19063 131 12 the the DET bracis-19063 131 13 corresponding correspond VERB bracis-19063 131 14 color color NOUN bracis-19063 131 15 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 132 1 full full ADJ bracis-19063 132 2 size size NOUN bracis-19063 132 3 image image NOUN bracis-19063 132 4 fig fig NOUN bracis-19063 132 5 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 133 1 4 4 NUM bracis-19063 133 2 . . NOUN bracis-19063 133 3 example example NOUN bracis-19063 133 4 of of ADP bracis-19063 133 5 medical medical ADJ bracis-19063 133 6 ambulatory ambulatory ADJ bracis-19063 133 7 note note NOUN bracis-19063 133 8 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 133 9 questions question NOUN bracis-19063 133 10 extracted extract VERB bracis-19063 133 11 from from ADP bracis-19063 133 12 the the DET bracis-19063 133 13 gold gold NOUN bracis-19063 133 14 standard standard NOUN bracis-19063 133 15 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 134 1 the the DET bracis-19063 134 2 answers answer NOUN bracis-19063 134 3 to to ADP bracis-19063 134 4 each each DET bracis-19063 134 5 question question NOUN bracis-19063 134 6 are be AUX bracis-19063 134 7 annotated annotate VERB bracis-19063 134 8 within within ADP bracis-19063 134 9 the the DET bracis-19063 134 10 text text NOUN bracis-19063 134 11 with with ADP bracis-19063 134 12 the the DET bracis-19063 134 13 corresponding correspond VERB bracis-19063 134 14 color color NOUN bracis-19063 134 15 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 135 1 the the DET bracis-19063 135 2 name name NOUN bracis-19063 135 3 appearing appear VERB bracis-19063 135 4 in in ADP bracis-19063 135 5 the the DET bracis-19063 135 6 text text NOUN bracis-19063 135 7 is be AUX bracis-19063 135 8 a a DET bracis-19063 135 9 result result NOUN bracis-19063 135 10 of of ADP bracis-19063 135 11 a a DET bracis-19063 135 12 de de ADJ bracis-19063 135 13 - - NOUN bracis-19063 135 14 identification identification NOUN bracis-19063 135 15 process process NOUN bracis-19063 135 16 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 136 1 full full ADJ bracis-19063 136 2 size size NOUN bracis-19063 136 3 image image NOUN bracis-19063 136 4 table table NOUN bracis-19063 136 5 2 2 NUM bracis-19063 136 6 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 136 7 evaluation evaluation NOUN bracis-19063 136 8 results result NOUN bracis-19063 136 9 considering consider VERB bracis-19063 136 10 the the DET bracis-19063 136 11 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 136 12 notes note NOUN bracis-19063 136 13 types.full types.full PRON bracis-19063 136 14 size size NOUN bracis-19063 136 15 table table NOUN bracis-19063 136 16 fig fig NOUN bracis-19063 136 17 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 137 1 5 5 X bracis-19063 137 2 . . X bracis-19063 137 3 scatter scatter NOUN bracis-19063 137 4 plot plot NOUN bracis-19063 137 5 containing contain VERB bracis-19063 137 6 all all DET bracis-19063 137 7 matches match NOUN bracis-19063 137 8 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 137 9 errors error NOUN bracis-19063 137 10 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 137 11 situations situation NOUN bracis-19063 137 12 in in ADP bracis-19063 137 13 which which PRON bracis-19063 137 14 the the DET bracis-19063 137 15 text text NOUN bracis-19063 137 16 did do AUX bracis-19063 137 17 not not PART bracis-19063 137 18 contain contain VERB bracis-19063 137 19 the the DET bracis-19063 137 20 answer answer NOUN bracis-19063 137 21 to to ADP bracis-19063 137 22 the the DET bracis-19063 137 23 question question NOUN bracis-19063 137 24 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 138 1 the the DET bracis-19063 138 2 y y NOUN bracis-19063 138 3 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 138 4 axis axis NOUN bracis-19063 138 5 defines define VERB bracis-19063 138 6 the the DET bracis-19063 138 7 confidence confidence NOUN bracis-19063 138 8 score score NOUN bracis-19063 138 9 of of ADP bracis-19063 138 10 the the DET bracis-19063 138 11 model model NOUN bracis-19063 138 12 when when SCONJ bracis-19063 138 13 making make VERB bracis-19063 138 14 the the DET bracis-19063 138 15 prediction prediction NOUN bracis-19063 138 16 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 139 1 full full ADJ bracis-19063 139 2 size size NOUN bracis-19063 139 3 image image NOUN bracis-19063 139 4 5 5 NUM bracis-19063 139 5 discussion discussion NOUN bracis-19063 139 6 this this DET bracis-19063 139 7 work work NOUN bracis-19063 139 8 is be AUX bracis-19063 139 9 an an DET bracis-19063 139 10 initial initial ADJ bracis-19063 139 11 investigation investigation NOUN bracis-19063 139 12 into into ADP bracis-19063 139 13 the the DET bracis-19063 139 14 development development NOUN bracis-19063 139 15 of of ADP bracis-19063 139 16 a a DET bracis-19063 139 17 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 139 18 qa qa NOUN bracis-19063 139 19 system system NOUN bracis-19063 139 20 in in ADP bracis-19063 139 21 portuguese portuguese PROPN bracis-19063 139 22 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 139 23 which which PRON bracis-19063 139 24 could could AUX bracis-19063 139 25 be be AUX bracis-19063 139 26 a a DET bracis-19063 139 27 powerful powerful ADJ bracis-19063 139 28 resource resource NOUN bracis-19063 139 29 in in ADP bracis-19063 139 30 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 139 31 decision decision NOUN bracis-19063 139 32 support support NOUN bracis-19063 139 33 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 139 34 patient patient NOUN bracis-19063 139 35 care care NOUN bracis-19063 139 36 process process NOUN bracis-19063 139 37 optimization optimization NOUN bracis-19063 139 38 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 139 39 e.g. e.g. ADV bracis-19063 139 40 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 139 41 discover discover VERB bracis-19063 139 42 information information NOUN bracis-19063 139 43 about about ADP bracis-19063 139 44 the the DET bracis-19063 139 45 patient patient NOUN bracis-19063 139 46 ’s ’s PART bracis-19063 139 47 condition condition NOUN bracis-19063 139 48 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 139 49 optimal optimal ADJ bracis-19063 139 50 shift shift NOUN bracis-19063 139 51 change change NOUN bracis-19063 139 52 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 139 53 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 140 1 the the DET bracis-19063 140 2 aim aim NOUN bracis-19063 140 3 of of ADP bracis-19063 140 4 this this DET bracis-19063 140 5 article article NOUN bracis-19063 140 6 is be AUX bracis-19063 140 7 to to PART bracis-19063 140 8 carry carry VERB bracis-19063 140 9 out out ADP bracis-19063 140 10 preliminary preliminary ADJ bracis-19063 140 11 experiments experiment NOUN bracis-19063 140 12 to to PART bracis-19063 140 13 help help VERB bracis-19063 140 14 define define VERB bracis-19063 140 15 the the DET bracis-19063 140 16 next next ADJ bracis-19063 140 17 steps step NOUN bracis-19063 140 18 towards towards ADP bracis-19063 140 19 a a DET bracis-19063 140 20 robust robust ADJ bracis-19063 140 21 model model NOUN bracis-19063 140 22 of of ADP bracis-19063 140 23 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 140 24 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 140 25 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 141 1 our our PRON bracis-19063 141 2 findings finding NOUN bracis-19063 141 3 are be AUX bracis-19063 141 4 in in ADP bracis-19063 141 5 line line NOUN bracis-19063 141 6 with with ADP bracis-19063 141 7 other other ADJ bracis-19063 141 8 studies study NOUN bracis-19063 141 9 [ [ X bracis-19063 141 10 7 7 NUM bracis-19063 141 11 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 141 12 16 16 NUM bracis-19063 141 13 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 141 14 20 20 NUM bracis-19063 141 15 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 141 16 22 22 NUM bracis-19063 141 17 ] ] PUNCT bracis-19063 141 18 regarding regard VERB bracis-19063 141 19 the the DET bracis-19063 141 20 use use NOUN bracis-19063 141 21 of of ADP bracis-19063 141 22 transfer transfer NOUN bracis-19063 141 23 learning learning NOUN bracis-19063 141 24 as as ADP bracis-19063 141 25 a a DET bracis-19063 141 26 means means NOUN bracis-19063 141 27 of of ADP bracis-19063 141 28 overcoming overcome VERB bracis-19063 141 29 the the DET bracis-19063 141 30 lack lack NOUN bracis-19063 141 31 of of ADP bracis-19063 141 32 annotated annotate VERB bracis-19063 141 33 resources resource NOUN bracis-19063 141 34 for for ADP bracis-19063 141 35 the the DET bracis-19063 141 36 desired desire VERB bracis-19063 141 37 language language NOUN bracis-19063 141 38 / / SYM bracis-19063 141 39 context context NOUN bracis-19063 141 40 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 141 41 as as SCONJ bracis-19063 141 42 we we PRON bracis-19063 141 43 use use VERB bracis-19063 141 44 the the DET bracis-19063 141 45 biobertpt biobertpt NOUN bracis-19063 141 46 model model NOUN bracis-19063 141 47 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 141 48 which which PRON bracis-19063 141 49 is be AUX bracis-19063 141 50 a a DET bracis-19063 141 51 result result NOUN bracis-19063 141 52 of of ADP bracis-19063 141 53 the the DET bracis-19063 141 54 fine fine ADV bracis-19063 141 55 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 141 56 tuning tuning NOUN bracis-19063 141 57 of of ADP bracis-19063 141 58 the the DET bracis-19063 141 59 multilingual multilingual ADJ bracis-19063 141 60 bert bert NOUN bracis-19063 141 61 for for ADP bracis-19063 141 62 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 141 63 texts text NOUN bracis-19063 141 64 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 141 65 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 141 66 we we PRON bracis-19063 141 67 also also ADV bracis-19063 141 68 used use VERB bracis-19063 141 69 the the DET bracis-19063 141 70 squad squad NOUN bracis-19063 141 71 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 141 72 which which PRON bracis-19063 141 73 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 141 74 despite despite SCONJ bracis-19063 141 75 being be AUX bracis-19063 141 76 an an DET bracis-19063 141 77 open open ADJ bracis-19063 141 78 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 141 79 domain domain NOUN bracis-19063 141 80 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-19063 141 81 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 141 82 helped help VERB bracis-19063 141 83 us we PRON bracis-19063 141 84 to to PART bracis-19063 141 85 adapt adapt VERB bracis-19063 141 86 the the DET bracis-19063 141 87 model model NOUN bracis-19063 141 88 for for ADP bracis-19063 141 89 the the DET bracis-19063 141 90 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 141 91 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 141 92 task task NOUN bracis-19063 141 93 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 142 1 however however ADV bracis-19063 142 2 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 142 3 it it PRON bracis-19063 142 4 is be AUX bracis-19063 142 5 worth worth ADJ bracis-19063 142 6 emphasizing emphasize VERB bracis-19063 142 7 that that SCONJ bracis-19063 142 8 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 142 9 even even ADV bracis-19063 142 10 without without ADP bracis-19063 142 11 quantitative quantitative ADJ bracis-19063 142 12 results result NOUN bracis-19063 142 13 to to ADP bracis-19063 142 14 benchmark benchmark NOUN bracis-19063 142 15 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 142 16 apparently apparently ADV bracis-19063 142 17 the the DET bracis-19063 142 18 results result NOUN bracis-19063 142 19 of of ADP bracis-19063 142 20 this this DET bracis-19063 142 21 process process NOUN bracis-19063 142 22 of of ADP bracis-19063 142 23 creating create VERB bracis-19063 142 24 the the DET bracis-19063 142 25 model model NOUN bracis-19063 142 26 for for ADP bracis-19063 142 27 the the DET bracis-19063 142 28 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 142 29 domain domain NOUN bracis-19063 142 30 require require VERB bracis-19063 142 31 a a DET bracis-19063 142 32 little little ADJ bracis-19063 142 33 more more ADJ bracis-19063 142 34 attention attention NOUN bracis-19063 142 35 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 142 36 due due ADP bracis-19063 142 37 to to ADP bracis-19063 142 38 the the DET bracis-19063 142 39 great great ADJ bracis-19063 142 40 differences difference NOUN bracis-19063 142 41 in in ADP bracis-19063 142 42 vocabulary vocabulary ADJ bracis-19063 142 43 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 142 44 questions question NOUN bracis-19063 142 45 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 142 46 specificities specificity NOUN bracis-19063 142 47 of of ADP bracis-19063 142 48 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 142 49 notes note NOUN bracis-19063 142 50 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 143 1 we we PRON bracis-19063 143 2 can can AUX bracis-19063 143 3 find find VERB bracis-19063 143 4 models model NOUN bracis-19063 143 5 that that PRON bracis-19063 143 6 followed follow VERB bracis-19063 143 7 a a DET bracis-19063 143 8 similar similar ADJ bracis-19063 143 9 process process NOUN bracis-19063 143 10 of of ADP bracis-19063 143 11 development development NOUN bracis-19063 143 12 to to ADP bracis-19063 143 13 our our PRON bracis-19063 143 14 model model NOUN bracis-19063 143 15 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 143 16 working work VERB bracis-19063 143 17 a a DET bracis-19063 143 18 little little ADV bracis-19063 143 19 more more ADV bracis-19063 143 20 cohesively cohesively ADV bracis-19063 143 21 when when SCONJ bracis-19063 143 22 applied apply VERB bracis-19063 143 23 to to ADP bracis-19063 143 24 the the DET bracis-19063 143 25 context context NOUN bracis-19063 143 26 of of ADP bracis-19063 143 27 questions question NOUN bracis-19063 143 28 about about ADP bracis-19063 143 29 medical medical ADJ bracis-19063 143 30 topics topic NOUN bracis-19063 143 31 [ [ X bracis-19063 143 32 6 6 NUM bracis-19063 143 33 ] ] PUNCT bracis-19063 143 34 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 144 1 a a DET bracis-19063 144 2 more more ADV bracis-19063 144 3 detailed detailed ADJ bracis-19063 144 4 analysis analysis NOUN bracis-19063 144 5 about about ADP bracis-19063 144 6 the the DET bracis-19063 144 7 use use NOUN bracis-19063 144 8 of of ADP bracis-19063 144 9 a a DET bracis-19063 144 10 threshold threshold NOUN bracis-19063 144 11 in in ADP bracis-19063 144 12 the the DET bracis-19063 144 13 model model NOUN bracis-19063 144 14 output output NOUN bracis-19063 144 15 should should AUX bracis-19063 144 16 be be AUX bracis-19063 144 17 carried carry VERB bracis-19063 144 18 out out ADP bracis-19063 144 19 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 144 20 as as SCONJ bracis-19063 144 21 it it PRON bracis-19063 144 22 is be AUX bracis-19063 144 23 common common ADJ bracis-19063 144 24 to to PART bracis-19063 144 25 have have AUX bracis-19063 144 26 missing miss VERB bracis-19063 144 27 data datum NOUN bracis-19063 144 28 in in ADP bracis-19063 144 29 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 144 30 notes note NOUN bracis-19063 144 31 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 145 1 furthermore furthermore ADV bracis-19063 145 2 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 145 3 it it PRON bracis-19063 145 4 is be AUX bracis-19063 145 5 necessary necessary ADJ bracis-19063 145 6 to to PART bracis-19063 145 7 study study VERB bracis-19063 145 8 the the DET bracis-19063 145 9 different different ADJ bracis-19063 145 10 types type NOUN bracis-19063 145 11 of of ADP bracis-19063 145 12 possible possible ADJ bracis-19063 145 13 questions question NOUN bracis-19063 145 14 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 145 15 i.e. i.e. X bracis-19063 145 16 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 145 17 factoid factoid ADJ bracis-19063 145 18 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 145 19 list list NOUN bracis-19063 145 20 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 145 21 yes yes INTJ bracis-19063 145 22 / / SYM bracis-19063 145 23 no no NOUN bracis-19063 145 24 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 145 25 in in ADP bracis-19063 145 26 the the DET bracis-19063 145 27 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 145 28 context context NOUN bracis-19063 145 29 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 145 30 since since SCONJ bracis-19063 145 31 using use VERB bracis-19063 145 32 all all DET bracis-19063 145 33 these these DET bracis-19063 145 34 types type NOUN bracis-19063 145 35 of of ADP bracis-19063 145 36 questions question NOUN bracis-19063 145 37 considerably considerably ADV bracis-19063 145 38 increases increase VERB bracis-19063 145 39 the the DET bracis-19063 145 40 complexity complexity NOUN bracis-19063 145 41 of of ADP bracis-19063 145 42 the the DET bracis-19063 145 43 problem problem NOUN bracis-19063 145 44 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 146 1 moreover moreover ADV bracis-19063 146 2 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 146 3 something something PRON bracis-19063 146 4 that that PRON bracis-19063 146 5 is be AUX bracis-19063 146 6 also also ADV bracis-19063 146 7 out out ADP bracis-19063 146 8 of of ADP bracis-19063 146 9 the the DET bracis-19063 146 10 scope scope NOUN bracis-19063 146 11 of of ADP bracis-19063 146 12 this this DET bracis-19063 146 13 article article NOUN bracis-19063 146 14 is be AUX bracis-19063 146 15 to to PART bracis-19063 146 16 understand understand VERB bracis-19063 146 17 the the DET bracis-19063 146 18 use use NOUN bracis-19063 146 19 of of ADP bracis-19063 146 20 discontinuous discontinuous ADJ bracis-19063 146 21 answers answer NOUN bracis-19063 146 22 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 146 23 when when SCONJ bracis-19063 146 24 the the DET bracis-19063 146 25 response response NOUN bracis-19063 146 26 is be AUX bracis-19063 146 27 in in ADP bracis-19063 146 28 multiple multiple ADJ bracis-19063 146 29 parts part NOUN bracis-19063 146 30 of of ADP bracis-19063 146 31 the the DET bracis-19063 146 32 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 146 33 note note NOUN bracis-19063 146 34 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 147 1 as as SCONJ bracis-19063 147 2 the the DET bracis-19063 147 3 transformers transformer NOUN bracis-19063 147 4 model model NOUN bracis-19063 147 5 allows allow VERB bracis-19063 147 6 returning return VERB bracis-19063 147 7 the the DET bracis-19063 147 8 top top ADJ bracis-19063 147 9 k k PROPN bracis-19063 147 10 texts text NOUN bracis-19063 147 11 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 147 12 it it PRON bracis-19063 147 13 might might AUX bracis-19063 147 14 be be AUX bracis-19063 147 15 possible possible ADJ bracis-19063 147 16 to to PART bracis-19063 147 17 perform perform VERB bracis-19063 147 18 some some DET bracis-19063 147 19 kind kind NOUN bracis-19063 147 20 of of ADP bracis-19063 147 21 inference inference NOUN bracis-19063 147 22 through through ADP bracis-19063 147 23 this this DET bracis-19063 147 24 list list NOUN bracis-19063 147 25 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 148 1 we we PRON bracis-19063 148 2 recognize recognize VERB bracis-19063 148 3 as as ADP bracis-19063 148 4 limitations limitation NOUN bracis-19063 148 5 of of ADP bracis-19063 148 6 this this DET bracis-19063 148 7 work work NOUN bracis-19063 148 8 the the DET bracis-19063 148 9 size size NOUN bracis-19063 148 10 of of ADP bracis-19063 148 11 the the DET bracis-19063 148 12 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-19063 148 13 used use VERB bracis-19063 148 14 for for ADP bracis-19063 148 15 evaluation evaluation NOUN bracis-19063 148 16 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 148 17 as as ADV bracis-19063 148 18 well well ADV bracis-19063 148 19 as as ADP bracis-19063 148 20 the the DET bracis-19063 148 21 search search NOUN bracis-19063 148 22 for for ADP bracis-19063 148 23 answers answer NOUN bracis-19063 148 24 about about ADP bracis-19063 148 25 the the DET bracis-19063 148 26 patient patient NOUN bracis-19063 148 27 ’s ’s PART bracis-19063 148 28 status status NOUN bracis-19063 148 29 in in ADP bracis-19063 148 30 a a DET bracis-19063 148 31 single single ADJ bracis-19063 148 32 patient patient NOUN bracis-19063 148 33 ’s ’s PART bracis-19063 148 34 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 148 35 note note NOUN bracis-19063 148 36 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 148 37 not not PART bracis-19063 148 38 in in ADP bracis-19063 148 39 all all PRON bracis-19063 148 40 of of ADP bracis-19063 148 41 its its PRON bracis-19063 148 42 ehr ehr NOUN bracis-19063 148 43 records record NOUN bracis-19063 148 44 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 149 1 as as ADP bracis-19063 149 2 future future ADJ bracis-19063 149 3 work work NOUN bracis-19063 149 4 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 149 5 we we PRON bracis-19063 149 6 intend intend VERB bracis-19063 149 7 to to PART bracis-19063 149 8 expand expand VERB bracis-19063 149 9 both both CCONJ bracis-19063 149 10 the the DET bracis-19063 149 11 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-19063 149 12 size size NOUN bracis-19063 149 13 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 149 14 the the DET bracis-19063 149 15 exploration exploration NOUN bracis-19063 149 16 of of ADP bracis-19063 149 17 the the DET bracis-19063 149 18 entire entire ADJ bracis-19063 149 19 longitudinal longitudinal ADJ bracis-19063 149 20 aspect aspect NOUN bracis-19063 149 21 of of ADP bracis-19063 149 22 the the DET bracis-19063 149 23 patient patient NOUN bracis-19063 149 24 ’s ’s PART bracis-19063 149 25 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 149 26 notes note NOUN bracis-19063 149 27 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 150 1 finally finally ADV bracis-19063 150 2 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 150 3 since since SCONJ bracis-19063 150 4 we we PRON bracis-19063 150 5 intend intend VERB bracis-19063 150 6 to to PART bracis-19063 150 7 expand expand VERB bracis-19063 150 8 the the DET bracis-19063 150 9 gold gold ADJ bracis-19063 150 10 standard standard NOUN bracis-19063 150 11 for for ADP bracis-19063 150 12 evaluation evaluation NOUN bracis-19063 150 13 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 150 14 a a DET bracis-19063 150 15 natural natural ADJ bracis-19063 150 16 step step NOUN bracis-19063 150 17 would would AUX bracis-19063 150 18 be be AUX bracis-19063 150 19 to to PART bracis-19063 150 20 use use VERB bracis-19063 150 21 this this DET bracis-19063 150 22 corpus corpus NOUN bracis-19063 150 23 to to PART bracis-19063 150 24 train train VERB bracis-19063 150 25 a a DET bracis-19063 150 26 model model NOUN bracis-19063 150 27 directly directly ADV bracis-19063 150 28 from from ADP bracis-19063 150 29 these these DET bracis-19063 150 30 data datum NOUN bracis-19063 150 31 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 150 32 also also ADV bracis-19063 150 33 make make VERB bracis-19063 150 34 it it PRON bracis-19063 150 35 available available ADJ bracis-19063 150 36 to to ADP bracis-19063 150 37 the the DET bracis-19063 150 38 scientific scientific ADJ bracis-19063 150 39 community community NOUN bracis-19063 150 40 as as ADV bracis-19063 150 41 well well ADV bracis-19063 150 42 as as ADP bracis-19063 150 43 emrqa[12 emrqa[12 NOUN bracis-19063 150 44 ] ] PUNCT bracis-19063 150 45 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 150 46 clicr clicr NOUN bracis-19063 150 47 [ [ X bracis-19063 150 48 18 18 NUM bracis-19063 150 49 ] ] PUNCT bracis-19063 150 50 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 151 1 6 6 NUM bracis-19063 151 2 conclusion conclusion NOUN bracis-19063 151 3 we we PRON bracis-19063 151 4 developed develop VERB bracis-19063 151 5 a a DET bracis-19063 151 6 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 151 7 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 151 8 model model NOUN bracis-19063 151 9 for for ADP bracis-19063 151 10 the the DET bracis-19063 151 11 portuguese portuguese ADJ bracis-19063 151 12 language language NOUN bracis-19063 151 13 by by ADP bracis-19063 151 14 sequentially sequentially ADV bracis-19063 151 15 fine fine ADV bracis-19063 151 16 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 151 17 tuning tune VERB bracis-19063 151 18 attention attention NOUN bracis-19063 151 19 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 151 20 based base VERB bracis-19063 151 21 models model NOUN bracis-19063 151 22 available available ADJ bracis-19063 151 23 in in ADP bracis-19063 151 24 the the DET bracis-19063 151 25 transformers transformer NOUN bracis-19063 151 26 library library NOUN bracis-19063 151 27 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 152 1 the the DET bracis-19063 152 2 model model NOUN bracis-19063 152 3 is be AUX bracis-19063 152 4 publicly publicly ADV bracis-19063 152 5 available available ADJ bracis-19063 152 6 to to ADP bracis-19063 152 7 the the DET bracis-19063 152 8 scientific scientific ADJ bracis-19063 152 9 community community NOUN bracis-19063 152 10 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 153 1 we we PRON bracis-19063 153 2 used use VERB bracis-19063 153 3 the the DET bracis-19063 153 4 biobertpt biobertpt NOUN bracis-19063 153 5 model model NOUN bracis-19063 153 6 with with ADP bracis-19063 153 7 the the DET bracis-19063 153 8 squadpt squadpt ADJ bracis-19063 153 9 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 153 10 dataset dataset VERB bracis-19063 153 11 to to PART bracis-19063 153 12 build build VERB bracis-19063 153 13 a a DET bracis-19063 153 14 model model NOUN bracis-19063 153 15 capable capable ADJ bracis-19063 153 16 of of ADP bracis-19063 153 17 finding find VERB bracis-19063 153 18 answers answer NOUN bracis-19063 153 19 about about ADP bracis-19063 153 20 a a DET bracis-19063 153 21 patient patient NOUN bracis-19063 153 22 within within ADP bracis-19063 153 23 the the DET bracis-19063 153 24 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 153 25 notes note NOUN bracis-19063 153 26 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 154 1 our our PRON bracis-19063 154 2 experiments experiment NOUN bracis-19063 154 3 show show VERB bracis-19063 154 4 promising promising ADJ bracis-19063 154 5 results result NOUN bracis-19063 154 6 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 154 7 even even ADV bracis-19063 154 8 with with SCONJ bracis-19063 154 9 the the DET bracis-19063 154 10 use use NOUN bracis-19063 154 11 of of ADP bracis-19063 154 12 resources resource NOUN bracis-19063 154 13 adapted adapt VERB bracis-19063 154 14 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 154 15 i.e. i.e. X bracis-19063 154 16 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 154 17 fine fine ADV bracis-19063 154 18 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 154 19 tuned tune VERB bracis-19063 154 20 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 154 21 to to ADP bracis-19063 154 22 the the DET bracis-19063 154 23 target target NOUN bracis-19063 154 24 task task NOUN bracis-19063 154 25 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 154 26 context context NOUN bracis-19063 154 27 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 154 28 language language NOUN bracis-19063 154 29 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 155 1 we we PRON bracis-19063 155 2 plan plan VERB bracis-19063 155 3 to to PART bracis-19063 155 4 expand expand VERB bracis-19063 155 5 our our PRON bracis-19063 155 6 experiments experiment NOUN bracis-19063 155 7 in in ADP bracis-19063 155 8 various various ADJ bracis-19063 155 9 aspects aspect NOUN bracis-19063 155 10 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 155 11 as as ADP bracis-19063 155 12 the the DET bracis-19063 155 13 increase increase NOUN bracis-19063 155 14 of of ADP bracis-19063 155 15 evaluation evaluation NOUN bracis-19063 155 16 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-19063 155 17 size size NOUN bracis-19063 155 18 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 155 19 use use NOUN bracis-19063 155 20 of of ADP bracis-19063 155 21 multiple multiple ADJ bracis-19063 155 22 patients patient NOUN bracis-19063 155 23 ’ ' PUNCT bracis-19063 155 24 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 155 25 notes note NOUN bracis-19063 155 26 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 155 27 training train VERB bracis-19063 155 28 a a DET bracis-19063 155 29 model model NOUN bracis-19063 155 30 with with ADP bracis-19063 155 31 our our PRON bracis-19063 155 32 own own ADJ bracis-19063 155 33 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 155 34 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 155 35 corpus corpus NOUN bracis-19063 155 36 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 155 37 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 155 38 deepen deepen VERB bracis-19063 155 39 analysis analysis NOUN bracis-19063 155 40 about about ADP bracis-19063 155 41 the the DET bracis-19063 155 42 use use NOUN bracis-19063 155 43 of of ADP bracis-19063 155 44 thresholds threshold NOUN bracis-19063 155 45 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 155 46 discontinuous discontinuous ADJ bracis-19063 155 47 answers answer NOUN bracis-19063 155 48 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 155 49 question question NOUN bracis-19063 155 50 types type NOUN bracis-19063 155 51 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 156 1 we we PRON bracis-19063 156 2 understand understand VERB bracis-19063 156 3 that that SCONJ bracis-19063 156 4 this this DET bracis-19063 156 5 work work NOUN bracis-19063 156 6 was be AUX bracis-19063 156 7 the the DET bracis-19063 156 8 first first ADJ bracis-19063 156 9 step step NOUN bracis-19063 156 10 towards towards ADP bracis-19063 156 11 a a DET bracis-19063 156 12 robust robust ADJ bracis-19063 156 13 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 156 14 qa qa NOUN bracis-19063 156 15 system system NOUN bracis-19063 156 16 in in ADP bracis-19063 156 17 portuguese portuguese PROPN bracis-19063 156 18 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 156 19 which which PRON bracis-19063 156 20 could could AUX bracis-19063 156 21 result result VERB bracis-19063 156 22 in in ADP bracis-19063 156 23 more more ADV bracis-19063 156 24 intelligent intelligent ADJ bracis-19063 156 25 systems system NOUN bracis-19063 156 26 for for ADP bracis-19063 156 27 healthcare healthcare NOUN bracis-19063 156 28 professionals professional NOUN bracis-19063 156 29 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 156 30 improve improve VERB bracis-19063 156 31 the the DET bracis-19063 156 32 patients patient NOUN bracis-19063 156 33 ’ ' PUNCT bracis-19063 156 34 care care NOUN bracis-19063 156 35 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 157 1 notes note VERB bracis-19063 157 2 1.https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/. 1.https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/. PROPN bracis-19063 157 3 2.https://physionet.org/content/mimiciii/1.4/. 2.https://physionet.org/content/mimiciii/1.4/. NUM bracis-19063 157 4 3.https://www.i2b2.org/nlp/datasets/main.php 3.https://www.i2b2.org/nlp/datasets/main.php NUM bracis-19063 157 5 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 158 1 4.https://huggingface.co/bert-base-multilingual-cased 4.https://huggingface.co/bert-base-multilingual-case VERB bracis-19063 158 2 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 159 1 5.https://huggingface.co/pucpr/biobertpt-all 5.https://huggingface.co/pucpr/biobertpt-all X bracis-19063 159 2 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 160 1 6.http://www.deeplearningbrasil.com.br/. 6.http://www.deeplearningbrasil.com.br/. NUM bracis-19063 160 2 7.https://huggingface.co/pucpr/biobertpt-squad-v1.1-portuguese 7.https://huggingface.co/pucpr/biobertpt-squad-v1.1-portuguese NUM bracis-19063 160 3 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 161 1 references reference NOUN bracis-19063 161 2 calijorne calijorne VERB bracis-19063 161 3 soares soare NOUN bracis-19063 161 4 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 161 5 m.a m.a PROPN bracis-19063 161 6 . . PROPN bracis-19063 161 7 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 161 8 parreiras parreiras PROPN bracis-19063 161 9 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 161 10 f.s f.s PROPN bracis-19063 161 11 . . PROPN bracis-19063 161 12 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 162 1 a a DET bracis-19063 162 2 literature literature NOUN bracis-19063 162 3 review review NOUN bracis-19063 162 4 on on ADP bracis-19063 162 5 question question NOUN bracis-19063 162 6 answering answer VERB bracis-19063 162 7 techniques technique NOUN bracis-19063 162 8 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 162 9 paradigms paradigm NOUN bracis-19063 162 10 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 162 11 systems system NOUN bracis-19063 162 12 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 162 13 2020 2020 NUM bracis-19063 162 14 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 162 15 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 163 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksuci.2018.08.005 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksuci.2018.08.005 VERB bracis-19063 163 2 dalianis dalianis NOUN bracis-19063 163 3 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 163 4 h. h. PROPN bracis-19063 163 5 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 163 6 characteristics characteristic NOUN bracis-19063 163 7 of of ADP bracis-19063 163 8 patient patient ADJ bracis-19063 163 9 records record NOUN bracis-19063 163 10 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 163 11 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 163 12 corpora corpus NOUN bracis-19063 163 13 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 164 1 in in ADP bracis-19063 164 2 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 164 3 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 164 4 text text NOUN bracis-19063 164 5 mining mining NOUN bracis-19063 164 6 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 164 7 pp pp ADJ bracis-19063 164 8 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 164 9 21–34 21–34 NUM bracis-19063 164 10 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 164 11 springer springer NOUN bracis-19063 164 12 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 164 13 cham cham PROPN bracis-19063 164 14 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 164 15 2018 2018 NUM bracis-19063 164 16 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 164 17 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 165 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78503-5_4 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78503-5_4 X bracis-19063 165 2 chapter chapter NOUN bracis-19063 165 3     SPACE bracis-19063 165 4 google google PROPN bracis-19063 165 5 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-19063 165 6     SPACE bracis-19063 165 7 devlin devlin PROPN bracis-19063 165 8 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 165 9 j. j. PROPN bracis-19063 165 10 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 165 11 chang chang PROPN bracis-19063 165 12 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 165 13 m.w m.w PROPN bracis-19063 165 14 . . PROPN bracis-19063 165 15 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 165 16 lee lee PROPN bracis-19063 165 17 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 165 18 k. k. PROPN bracis-19063 165 19 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 165 20 toutanova toutanova PROPN bracis-19063 165 21 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 165 22 k. k. PROPN bracis-19063 165 23 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 166 1 bert bert PROPN bracis-19063 166 2 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 166 3 pre pre ADJ bracis-19063 166 4 - - NOUN bracis-19063 166 5 training training NOUN bracis-19063 166 6 of of ADP bracis-19063 166 7 deep deep ADJ bracis-19063 166 8 bidirectional bidirectional ADJ bracis-19063 166 9 transformers transformer NOUN bracis-19063 166 10 for for ADP bracis-19063 166 11 language language NOUN bracis-19063 166 12 understanding understanding NOUN bracis-19063 166 13 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 167 1 in in ADP bracis-19063 167 2 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 167 3 proceedings proceeding NOUN bracis-19063 167 4 of of ADP bracis-19063 167 5 the the DET bracis-19063 167 6 2019 2019 NUM bracis-19063 167 7 conference conference NOUN bracis-19063 167 8 of of ADP bracis-19063 167 9 the the DET bracis-19063 167 10 north north ADJ bracis-19063 167 11 american american ADJ bracis-19063 167 12 chapter chapter NOUN bracis-19063 167 13 of of ADP bracis-19063 167 14 the the DET bracis-19063 167 15 association association NOUN bracis-19063 167 16 for for ADP bracis-19063 167 17 computational computational ADJ bracis-19063 167 18 linguistics linguistic NOUN bracis-19063 167 19 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 167 20 human human ADJ bracis-19063 167 21 language language NOUN bracis-19063 167 22 technologies technology NOUN bracis-19063 167 23 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 167 24 volume volume NOUN bracis-19063 167 25 1 1 NUM bracis-19063 167 26 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 167 27 long long ADJ bracis-19063 167 28 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 167 29 short short ADJ bracis-19063 167 30 papers paper NOUN bracis-19063 167 31 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 167 32 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 167 33 pp pp ADV bracis-19063 167 34 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 168 1 4171–4186 4171–4186 NUM bracis-19063 168 2 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 169 1 association association NOUN bracis-19063 169 2 for for ADP bracis-19063 169 3 computational computational ADJ bracis-19063 169 4 linguistics linguistic NOUN bracis-19063 169 5 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 169 6 minneapolis minneapolis PROPN bracis-19063 169 7 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 169 8 minnesota minnesota PROPN bracis-19063 169 9 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 169 10 june june PROPN bracis-19063 169 11 2019 2019 NUM bracis-19063 169 12 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 169 13 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 170 1 https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/n19-1423 https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/n19-1423 PROPN bracis-19063 170 2 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 170 3 https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/n19-1423 https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/n19-1423 X bracis-19063 170 4 dias dias PROPN bracis-19063 170 5 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 170 6 l.b l.b PROPN bracis-19063 170 7 . . PROPN bracis-19063 170 8 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 170 9 duran duran PROPN bracis-19063 170 10 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 170 11 e.c.m e.c.m ADV bracis-19063 170 12 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 170 13 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 170 14 análise análise PROPN bracis-19063 170 15 das das PROPN bracis-19063 170 16 evoluções evoluções PROPN bracis-19063 170 17 de de PROPN bracis-19063 170 18 enfermagem enfermagem PROPN bracis-19063 170 19 contextualizadas contextualizada VERB bracis-19063 170 20 no no DET bracis-19063 170 21 processo processo X bracis-19063 170 22 de de X bracis-19063 170 23 enfermagem enfermagem PROPN bracis-19063 170 24 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 171 1 revista revista PROPN bracis-19063 171 2 de de PROPN bracis-19063 171 3 enfermagem enfermagem PROPN bracis-19063 171 4 ufpe ufpe VERB bracis-19063 171 5 on on ADP bracis-19063 171 6 line line NOUN bracis-19063 171 7 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 171 8 2018 2018 NUM bracis-19063 171 9 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 171 10 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 172 1 https://doi.org/10.5205/1981-8963-v12i11a234623p2952-2960-2018 https://doi.org/10.5205/1981-8963-v12i11a234623p2952-2960-2018 NOUN bracis-19063 172 2 article article NOUN bracis-19063 172 3     SPACE bracis-19063 172 4 google google PROPN bracis-19063 172 5 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-19063 172 6     SPACE bracis-19063 172 7 garritano garritano NOUN bracis-19063 172 8 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 172 9 c.r.d.o c.r.d.o PROPN bracis-19063 172 10 . . PROPN bracis-19063 172 11 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 172 12 junqueira junqueira PROPN bracis-19063 172 13 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 172 14 f.h f.h PROPN bracis-19063 172 15 . . PROPN bracis-19063 172 16 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 172 17 lorosa lorosa NOUN bracis-19063 172 18 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 172 19 e.f.s e.f.s NOUN bracis-19063 172 20 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 172 21 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 172 22 fujimoto fujimoto PROPN bracis-19063 172 23 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 172 24 m.s m.s PROPN bracis-19063 172 25 . . PROPN bracis-19063 172 26 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 172 27 martins martin NOUN bracis-19063 172 28 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 172 29 w.h.a w.h.a NOUN bracis-19063 172 30 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 172 31 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 173 1 avaliação avaliação PROPN bracis-19063 173 2 do do VERB bracis-19063 173 3 prontuário prontuário PROPN bracis-19063 173 4 médico médico PROPN bracis-19063 173 5 de de PROPN bracis-19063 173 6 um um INTJ bracis-19063 173 7 hospital hospital PROPN bracis-19063 173 8 universitário universitário PROPN bracis-19063 173 9 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 174 1 revista revista PROPN bracis-19063 174 2 brasileira brasileira PROPN bracis-19063 174 3 de de PROPN bracis-19063 174 4 educação educação PROPN bracis-19063 174 5 médica médica PROPN bracis-19063 174 6 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 174 7 2020 2020 NUM bracis-19063 174 8 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 174 9 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 175 1 https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-5271v44.1-20190123 https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-5271v44.1-20190123 NUM bracis-19063 175 2 guillou guillou NOUN bracis-19063 175 3 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 175 4 p. p. NOUN bracis-19063 175 5 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 175 6 portuguese portuguese ADJ bracis-19063 175 7 bert bert PROPN bracis-19063 175 8 base base PROPN bracis-19063 175 9 cased case VERB bracis-19063 175 10 qa qa PROPN bracis-19063 175 11 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 175 12 question question NOUN bracis-19063 175 13 answering answering NOUN bracis-19063 175 14 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 175 15 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 175 16 finetuned finetune VERB bracis-19063 175 17 on on ADP bracis-19063 175 18 squad squad ADJ bracis-19063 175 19 v1.1 v1.1 NOUN bracis-19063 175 20 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 175 21 2021 2021 NUM bracis-19063 175 22 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 175 23 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 176 1 https://huggingface.co/pierreguillou/bert-base-cased-squad-v1.1-portuguese https://huggingface.co/pierreguillou/bert-base-cased-squad-v1.1-portuguese ADJ bracis-19063 176 2 jeong jeong PROPN bracis-19063 176 3 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 176 4 m. m. NOUN bracis-19063 176 5 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 176 6 et et PROPN bracis-19063 176 7 al al PROPN bracis-19063 176 8 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 176 9 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 177 1 transferability transferability NOUN bracis-19063 177 2 of of ADP bracis-19063 177 3 natural natural ADJ bracis-19063 177 4 language language NOUN bracis-19063 177 5 inference inference NOUN bracis-19063 177 6 to to ADP bracis-19063 177 7 biomedical biomedical ADJ bracis-19063 177 8 question question NOUN bracis-19063 177 9 answering answering NOUN bracis-19063 177 10 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 178 1 corr corr PROPN bracis-19063 178 2 abs/2007.00217 abs/2007.00217 NOUN bracis-19063 178 3 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 178 4 2020 2020 NUM bracis-19063 178 5 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 178 6 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 179 1 https://arxiv.org/abs/2007.00217 https://arxiv.org/abs/2007.00217 PROPN bracis-19063 179 2 jin jin PROPN bracis-19063 179 3 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 179 4 q. q. PROPN bracis-19063 179 5 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 179 6 dhingra dhingra PROPN bracis-19063 179 7 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 179 8 b. b. PROPN bracis-19063 179 9 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 179 10 liu liu PROPN bracis-19063 179 11 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 179 12 z. z. PROPN bracis-19063 179 13 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 179 14 cohen cohen PROPN bracis-19063 179 15 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 179 16 w.w w.w PROPN bracis-19063 179 17 . . PROPN bracis-19063 179 18 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 179 19 lu lu PROPN bracis-19063 179 20 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 179 21 x. x. PROPN bracis-19063 179 22 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 179 23 pubmedqa pubmedqa VERB bracis-19063 179 24 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 179 25 a a DET bracis-19063 179 26 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-19063 179 27 for for ADP bracis-19063 179 28 biomedical biomedical ADJ bracis-19063 179 29 research research NOUN bracis-19063 179 30 question question NOUN bracis-19063 179 31 answering answering NOUN bracis-19063 179 32 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 180 1 in in ADP bracis-19063 180 2 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 180 3 emnlp emnlp PROPN bracis-19063 180 4 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 180 5 ijcnlp ijcnlp VERB bracis-19063 180 6 2019–2019 2019–2019 NUM bracis-19063 180 7 conference conference NOUN bracis-19063 180 8 on on ADP bracis-19063 180 9 empirical empirical ADJ bracis-19063 180 10 methods method NOUN bracis-19063 180 11 in in ADP bracis-19063 180 12 natural natural ADJ bracis-19063 180 13 language language NOUN bracis-19063 180 14 processing processing NOUN bracis-19063 180 15 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 180 16 9th 9th ADJ bracis-19063 180 17 international international ADJ bracis-19063 180 18 joint joint ADJ bracis-19063 180 19 conference conference NOUN bracis-19063 180 20 on on ADP bracis-19063 180 21 natural natural ADJ bracis-19063 180 22 language language NOUN bracis-19063 180 23 processing processing NOUN bracis-19063 180 24 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 180 25 proceedings proceeding NOUN bracis-19063 180 26 of of ADP bracis-19063 180 27 the the DET bracis-19063 180 28 conference conference NOUN bracis-19063 180 29 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 180 30 2020 2020 NUM bracis-19063 180 31 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 180 32 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 181 1 https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/d19-1259 https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/d19-1259 NOUN bracis-19063 181 2 krallinger krallinger NOUN bracis-19063 181 3 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 181 4 m. m. NOUN bracis-19063 181 5 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 181 6 krithara krithara PROPN bracis-19063 181 7 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 181 8 a. a. PROPN bracis-19063 181 9 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 181 10 nentidis nentidis PROPN bracis-19063 181 11 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 181 12 a. a. NOUN bracis-19063 181 13 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 181 14 paliouras palioura NOUN bracis-19063 181 15 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 181 16 g. g. PROPN bracis-19063 181 17 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 181 18 villegas villegas PROPN bracis-19063 181 19 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 181 20 m. m. NOUN bracis-19063 181 21 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 181 22 bioasq bioasq PROPN bracis-19063 181 23 at at ADP bracis-19063 181 24 clef2020 clef2020 PROPN bracis-19063 181 25 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 181 26 large large ADJ bracis-19063 181 27 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 181 28 scale scale NOUN bracis-19063 181 29 biomedical biomedical ADJ bracis-19063 181 30 semantic semantic ADJ bracis-19063 181 31 indexing indexing NOUN bracis-19063 181 32 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 181 33 question question NOUN bracis-19063 181 34 answering answering NOUN bracis-19063 181 35 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 182 1 in in ADP bracis-19063 182 2 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 182 3 jose jose PROPN bracis-19063 182 4 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 182 5 j.m j.m PROPN bracis-19063 182 6 . . PROPN bracis-19063 182 7 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 182 8 et et PROPN bracis-19063 182 9 al al PROPN bracis-19063 182 10 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 182 11 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 182 12 eds ed NOUN bracis-19063 182 13 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 182 14 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 183 1 ecir ecir PROPN bracis-19063 183 2 2020 2020 NUM bracis-19063 183 3 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 184 1 lncs lncs PROPN bracis-19063 184 2 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 184 3 vol vol NOUN bracis-19063 184 4 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 184 5 12036 12036 NUM bracis-19063 184 6 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 184 7 pp pp ADP bracis-19063 184 8 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 185 1 550–556 550–556 NUM bracis-19063 185 2 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 185 3 springer springer NOUN bracis-19063 185 4 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 185 5 cham cham PROPN bracis-19063 185 6 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 185 7 2020 2020 NUM bracis-19063 185 8 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 185 9 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 186 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45442-5_71 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45442-5_71 ADJ bracis-19063 186 2 chapter chapter NOUN bracis-19063 186 3     SPACE bracis-19063 186 4 google google PROPN bracis-19063 186 5 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-19063 186 6     SPACE bracis-19063 186 7 mutabazi mutabazi PROPN bracis-19063 186 8 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 186 9 e. e. PROPN bracis-19063 186 10 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 186 11 ni ni PROPN bracis-19063 186 12 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 186 13 j. j. PROPN bracis-19063 186 14 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 186 15 tang tang PROPN bracis-19063 186 16 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 186 17 g. g. PROPN bracis-19063 186 18 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 186 19 cao cao PROPN bracis-19063 186 20 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 186 21 w. w. PROPN bracis-19063 186 22 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 186 23 a a DET bracis-19063 186 24 review review NOUN bracis-19063 186 25 on on ADP bracis-19063 186 26 medical medical ADJ bracis-19063 186 27 textual textual ADJ bracis-19063 186 28 question question NOUN bracis-19063 186 29 answering answering NOUN bracis-19063 186 30 systems system NOUN bracis-19063 186 31 based base VERB bracis-19063 186 32 on on ADP bracis-19063 186 33 deep deep ADJ bracis-19063 186 34 learning learning NOUN bracis-19063 186 35 approaches approach NOUN bracis-19063 186 36 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 187 1 appl appl PROPN bracis-19063 187 2 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 188 1 sci sci PROPN bracis-19063 188 2 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 189 1 11(12 11(12 NUM bracis-19063 189 2 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 189 3 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 189 4 2021 2021 NUM bracis-19063 189 5 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 189 6 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 190 1 https://doi.org/10.3390/app11125456 https://doi.org/10.3390/app11125456 NOUN bracis-19063 190 2 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 190 3 https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/12/5456 https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/12/5456 PROPN bracis-19063 190 4 e e PROPN bracis-19063 190 5 oliveira oliveira PROPN bracis-19063 190 6 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 190 7 l.e.s l.e.s INTJ bracis-19063 190 8 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 190 9 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 190 10 et et PROPN bracis-19063 190 11 al al PROPN bracis-19063 190 12 . . PROPN bracis-19063 190 13 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 190 14 semclinbr semclinbr VERB bracis-19063 190 15 a a DET bracis-19063 190 16 multi multi ADJ bracis-19063 190 17 institutional institutional ADJ bracis-19063 190 18 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 190 19 multi multi ADJ bracis-19063 190 20 specialty specialty NOUN bracis-19063 190 21 semantically semantically ADV bracis-19063 190 22 annotated annotate VERB bracis-19063 190 23 corpus corpus NOUN bracis-19063 190 24 for for ADP bracis-19063 190 25 portuguese portuguese ADJ bracis-19063 190 26 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 190 27 nlp nlp NOUN bracis-19063 190 28 tasks task NOUN bracis-19063 190 29 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 190 30 2020 2020 NUM bracis-19063 190 31 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 190 32 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 191 1 https://arxiv.org/abs/2001.10071 https://arxiv.org/abs/2001.10071 PROPN bracis-19063 191 2 pampari pampari PROPN bracis-19063 191 3 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 191 4 a. a. PROPN bracis-19063 191 5 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 191 6 raghavan raghavan PROPN bracis-19063 191 7 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 191 8 p. p. PROPN bracis-19063 191 9 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 191 10 liang liang PROPN bracis-19063 191 11 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 191 12 j. j. PROPN bracis-19063 191 13 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 191 14 peng peng PROPN bracis-19063 191 15 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 191 16 j. j. PROPN bracis-19063 191 17 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 191 18 emrqa emrqa NOUN bracis-19063 191 19 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 191 20 a a DET bracis-19063 191 21 large large ADJ bracis-19063 191 22 corpus corpus NOUN bracis-19063 191 23 for for ADP bracis-19063 191 24 question question NOUN bracis-19063 191 25 answering answer VERB bracis-19063 191 26 on on ADP bracis-19063 191 27 electronic electronic ADJ bracis-19063 191 28 medical medical ADJ bracis-19063 191 29 records record NOUN bracis-19063 191 30 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 192 1 in in ADP bracis-19063 192 2 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 192 3 proceedings proceeding NOUN bracis-19063 192 4 of of ADP bracis-19063 192 5 the the DET bracis-19063 192 6 2018 2018 NUM bracis-19063 192 7 conference conference NOUN bracis-19063 192 8 on on ADP bracis-19063 192 9 empirical empirical ADJ bracis-19063 192 10 methods method NOUN bracis-19063 192 11 in in ADP bracis-19063 192 12 natural natural ADJ bracis-19063 192 13 language language NOUN bracis-19063 192 14 processing processing NOUN bracis-19063 192 15 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 192 16 pp pp ADJ bracis-19063 192 17 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 192 18 2357–2368 2357–2368 NUM bracis-19063 192 19 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 192 20 association association NOUN bracis-19063 192 21 for for ADP bracis-19063 192 22 computational computational ADJ bracis-19063 192 23 linguistics linguistic NOUN bracis-19063 192 24 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 192 25 brussels brussels PROPN bracis-19063 192 26 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 192 27 belgium belgium PROPN bracis-19063 192 28 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 192 29 october october PROPN bracis-19063 192 30 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 192 31 november november PROPN bracis-19063 192 32 2018 2018 NUM bracis-19063 192 33 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 192 34 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 193 1 https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/d18-1258 https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/d18-1258 PROPN bracis-19063 193 2 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 193 3 https://aclanthology.org/d18-1258 https://aclanthology.org/d18-1258 PROPN bracis-19063 193 4 qiu qiu PROPN bracis-19063 193 5 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 193 6 x.p x.p PROPN bracis-19063 193 7 . . PROPN bracis-19063 193 8 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 193 9 sun sun PROPN bracis-19063 193 10 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 193 11 t.x t.x PROPN bracis-19063 193 12 . . PROPN bracis-19063 193 13 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 193 14 xu xu PROPN bracis-19063 193 15 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 193 16 y.g y.g PROPN bracis-19063 193 17 . . PROPN bracis-19063 193 18 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 193 19 shao shao PROPN bracis-19063 193 20 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 193 21 y.f y.f PROPN bracis-19063 193 22 . . PROPN bracis-19063 193 23 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 193 24 dai dai PROPN bracis-19063 193 25 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 193 26 n. n. PROPN bracis-19063 193 27 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 193 28 huang huang PROPN bracis-19063 193 29 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 193 30 x.j x.j PROPN bracis-19063 193 31 . . PROPN bracis-19063 193 32 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 194 1 pre pre ADJ bracis-19063 194 2 - - ADJ bracis-19063 194 3 trained train VERB bracis-19063 194 4 models model NOUN bracis-19063 194 5 for for ADP bracis-19063 194 6 natural natural ADJ bracis-19063 194 7 language language NOUN bracis-19063 194 8 processing processing NOUN bracis-19063 194 9 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 194 10 a a DET bracis-19063 194 11 survey survey NOUN bracis-19063 194 12 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 195 1 sci sci PROPN bracis-19063 195 2 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 195 3 chin chin PROPN bracis-19063 195 4 . . PROPN bracis-19063 196 1 technol technol PROPN bracis-19063 196 2 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 197 1 sci sci PROPN bracis-19063 197 2 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 198 1 63(10 63(10 NUM bracis-19063 198 2 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 198 3 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 198 4 1872–1897 1872–1897 NUM bracis-19063 198 5 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 198 6 2020 2020 NUM bracis-19063 198 7 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 198 8 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 199 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11431-020-1647-3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11431-020-1647-3 PROPN bracis-19063 199 2 article article PROPN bracis-19063 199 3     SPACE bracis-19063 199 4 google google PROPN bracis-19063 199 5 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-19063 199 6     SPACE bracis-19063 199 7 rajpurkar rajpurkar NOUN bracis-19063 199 8 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 199 9 p. p. PROPN bracis-19063 199 10 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 199 11 zhang zhang PROPN bracis-19063 199 12 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 199 13 j. j. PROPN bracis-19063 199 14 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 199 15 lopyrev lopyrev PROPN bracis-19063 199 16 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 199 17 k. k. PROPN bracis-19063 199 18 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 199 19 liang liang PROPN bracis-19063 199 20 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 199 21 p. p. NOUN bracis-19063 199 22 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 200 1 squad squad NOUN bracis-19063 200 2 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 200 3 100,000 100,000 NUM bracis-19063 200 4 + + NUM bracis-19063 200 5 questions question NOUN bracis-19063 200 6 for for ADP bracis-19063 200 7 machine machine NOUN bracis-19063 200 8 comprehension comprehension NOUN bracis-19063 200 9 of of ADP bracis-19063 200 10 text text NOUN bracis-19063 200 11 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 201 1 in in ADP bracis-19063 201 2 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 201 3 emnlp emnlp PROPN bracis-19063 201 4 2016 2016 NUM bracis-19063 201 5 conference conference NOUN bracis-19063 201 6 on on ADP bracis-19063 201 7 empirical empirical ADJ bracis-19063 201 8 methods method NOUN bracis-19063 201 9 in in ADP bracis-19063 201 10 natural natural ADJ bracis-19063 201 11 language language NOUN bracis-19063 201 12 processing processing NOUN bracis-19063 201 13 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 201 14 proceedings proceeding NOUN bracis-19063 201 15 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 201 16 2016 2016 NUM bracis-19063 201 17 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 201 18 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 202 1 https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/d16-1264 https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/d16-1264 PROPN bracis-19063 202 2 schneider schneider NOUN bracis-19063 202 3 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 202 4 e.t.r e.t.r PROPN bracis-19063 202 5 . . PROPN bracis-19063 202 6 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 202 7 et et PROPN bracis-19063 202 8 al al PROPN bracis-19063 202 9 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 202 10 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 203 1 biobertpt biobertpt NOUN bracis-19063 203 2 a a DET bracis-19063 203 3 portuguese portuguese ADJ bracis-19063 203 4 neural neural ADJ bracis-19063 203 5 language language NOUN bracis-19063 203 6 model model NOUN bracis-19063 203 7 for for ADP bracis-19063 203 8 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 203 9 named name VERB bracis-19063 203 10 entity entity NOUN bracis-19063 203 11 recognition recognition NOUN bracis-19063 203 12 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 203 13 2020 2020 NUM bracis-19063 203 14 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 203 15 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 204 1 https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.clinicalnlp-1.7 https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.clinicalnlp-1.7 PROPN bracis-19063 204 2 soni soni PROPN bracis-19063 204 3 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 204 4 s. s. PROPN bracis-19063 204 5 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 204 6 roberts roberts PROPN bracis-19063 204 7 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 204 8 k. k. NOUN bracis-19063 204 9 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 204 10 evaluation evaluation NOUN bracis-19063 204 11 of of ADP bracis-19063 204 12 dataset dataset ADJ bracis-19063 204 13 selection selection NOUN bracis-19063 204 14 for for ADP bracis-19063 204 15 pre pre ADJ bracis-19063 204 16 - - ADJ bracis-19063 204 17 training training ADJ bracis-19063 204 18 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 204 19 fine fine ADV bracis-19063 204 20 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 204 21 tuning tune VERB bracis-19063 204 22 transformer transformer NOUN bracis-19063 204 23 language language NOUN bracis-19063 204 24 models model NOUN bracis-19063 204 25 for for ADP bracis-19063 204 26 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 204 27 question question NOUN bracis-19063 204 28 answering answer VERB bracis-19063 204 29 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 205 1 in in ADP bracis-19063 205 2 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 205 3 lrec lrec PROPN bracis-19063 205 4 2020–12th 2020–12th NUM bracis-19063 205 5 international international ADJ bracis-19063 205 6 conference conference NOUN bracis-19063 205 7 on on ADP bracis-19063 205 8 language language NOUN bracis-19063 205 9 resources resource NOUN bracis-19063 205 10 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 205 11 evaluation evaluation NOUN bracis-19063 205 12 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 205 13 conference conference NOUN bracis-19063 205 14 proceedings proceeding NOUN bracis-19063 205 15 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 205 16 2020 2020 NUM bracis-19063 205 17 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 205 18 google google PROPN bracis-19063 205 19 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-19063 205 20     SPACE bracis-19063 205 21 souza souza PROPN bracis-19063 205 22 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 205 23 j.v.a.d j.v.a.d PROPN bracis-19063 205 24 . . PROPN bracis-19063 205 25 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 205 26 et et PROPN bracis-19063 205 27 al al PROPN bracis-19063 205 28 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 205 29 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 206 1 a a DET bracis-19063 206 2 multilabel multilabel NOUN bracis-19063 206 3 approach approach NOUN bracis-19063 206 4 to to ADP bracis-19063 206 5 portuguese portuguese ADJ bracis-19063 206 6 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 206 7 named name VERB bracis-19063 206 8 entity entity NOUN bracis-19063 206 9 recognition recognition NOUN bracis-19063 206 10 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 207 1 j. j. PROPN bracis-19063 207 2 health health PROPN bracis-19063 207 3 inf inf PROPN bracis-19063 207 4 . . PROPN bracis-19063 208 1 12 12 NUM bracis-19063 208 2 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 208 3 2021 2021 NUM bracis-19063 208 4 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 208 5 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 209 1 http://www.jhi-sbis.saude.ws/ojs-jhi/index.php/jhi-sbis/article/view/840 http://www.jhi-sbis.saude.ws/ojs-jhi/index.php/jhi-sbis/article/view/840 PROPN bracis-19063 209 2 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 210 1 http://www.jhi-sbis.saude.ws/ojs-jhi/index.php/jhi-sbis/issue/view/98/showtoc http://www.jhi-sbis.saude.ws/ojs-jhi/index.php/jhi-sbis/issue/view/98/showtoc PROPN bracis-19063 210 2 šuster šuster PROPN bracis-19063 210 3 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 210 4 s. s. PROPN bracis-19063 210 5 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 210 6 daelemans daeleman NOUN bracis-19063 210 7 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 210 8 w. w. NOUN bracis-19063 210 9 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 210 10 clicr clicr NOUN bracis-19063 210 11 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 210 12 a a DET bracis-19063 210 13 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-19063 210 14 of of ADP bracis-19063 210 15 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 210 16 case case NOUN bracis-19063 210 17 reports report NOUN bracis-19063 210 18 for for ADP bracis-19063 210 19 machine machine NOUN bracis-19063 210 20 reading reading NOUN bracis-19063 210 21 comprehension comprehension NOUN bracis-19063 210 22 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 211 1 in in ADP bracis-19063 211 2 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 211 3 proceedings proceeding NOUN bracis-19063 211 4 of of ADP bracis-19063 211 5 the the DET bracis-19063 211 6 2018 2018 NUM bracis-19063 211 7 conference conference NOUN bracis-19063 211 8 of of ADP bracis-19063 211 9 the the DET bracis-19063 211 10 north north ADJ bracis-19063 211 11 american american ADJ bracis-19063 211 12 chapter chapter NOUN bracis-19063 211 13 of of ADP bracis-19063 211 14 the the DET bracis-19063 211 15 association association NOUN bracis-19063 211 16 for for ADP bracis-19063 211 17 computational computational ADJ bracis-19063 211 18 linguistics linguistic NOUN bracis-19063 211 19 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 211 20 human human ADJ bracis-19063 211 21 language language NOUN bracis-19063 211 22 technologies technology NOUN bracis-19063 211 23 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 211 24 volume volume NOUN bracis-19063 211 25 1 1 NUM bracis-19063 211 26 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 211 27 long long ADJ bracis-19063 211 28 papers paper NOUN bracis-19063 211 29 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 211 30 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 211 31 pp pp ADP bracis-19063 211 32 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 212 1 1551–1563 1551–1563 NUM bracis-19063 212 2 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 213 1 association association NOUN bracis-19063 213 2 for for ADP bracis-19063 213 3 computational computational ADJ bracis-19063 213 4 linguistics linguistic NOUN bracis-19063 213 5 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 213 6 new new PROPN bracis-19063 213 7 orleans orleans PROPN bracis-19063 213 8 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 213 9 louisiana louisiana PROPN bracis-19063 213 10 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 213 11 june june PROPN bracis-19063 213 12 2018 2018 NUM bracis-19063 213 13 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 213 14 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 214 1 https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/n18-1140 https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/n18-1140 NUM bracis-19063 214 2 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 214 3 https://aclanthology.org/n18-1140 https://aclanthology.org/n18-1140 NOUN bracis-19063 214 4 vaswani vaswani NOUN bracis-19063 214 5 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 214 6 a. a. NOUN bracis-19063 214 7 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 214 8 et et PROPN bracis-19063 214 9 al al PROPN bracis-19063 214 10 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 214 11 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 215 1 attention attention NOUN bracis-19063 215 2 is be AUX bracis-19063 215 3 all all PRON bracis-19063 215 4 you you PRON bracis-19063 215 5 need need VERB bracis-19063 215 6 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 216 1 in in ADP bracis-19063 216 2 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 216 3 proceedings proceeding NOUN bracis-19063 216 4 of of ADP bracis-19063 216 5 the the DET bracis-19063 216 6 31st 31st ADJ bracis-19063 216 7 international international ADJ bracis-19063 216 8 conference conference NOUN bracis-19063 216 9 on on ADP bracis-19063 216 10 neural neural ADJ bracis-19063 216 11 information information NOUN bracis-19063 216 12 processing processing NOUN bracis-19063 216 13 systems system NOUN bracis-19063 216 14 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 216 15 nips nip NOUN bracis-19063 216 16 2017 2017 NUM bracis-19063 216 17 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 216 18 pp pp ADJ bracis-19063 216 19 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 217 1 6000–6010 6000–6010 NUM bracis-19063 217 2 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 217 3 2017 2017 NUM bracis-19063 217 4 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 217 5 google google PROPN bracis-19063 217 6 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-19063 217 7     SPACE bracis-19063 217 8 wiese wiese PROPN bracis-19063 217 9 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 217 10 g. g. PROPN bracis-19063 217 11 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 217 12 weissenborn weissenborn ADJ bracis-19063 217 13 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 217 14 d. d. PROPN bracis-19063 217 15 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 217 16 neves neve NOUN bracis-19063 217 17 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 217 18 m. m. NOUN bracis-19063 217 19 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 217 20 neural neural ADJ bracis-19063 217 21 domain domain NOUN bracis-19063 217 22 adaptation adaptation NOUN bracis-19063 217 23 for for ADP bracis-19063 217 24 biomedical biomedical ADJ bracis-19063 217 25 question question NOUN bracis-19063 217 26 answering answering NOUN bracis-19063 217 27 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 218 1 in in ADP bracis-19063 218 2 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 218 3 conll conll PROPN bracis-19063 218 4 2017–21st 2017–21st PROPN bracis-19063 218 5 conference conference NOUN bracis-19063 218 6 on on ADP bracis-19063 218 7 computational computational ADJ bracis-19063 218 8 natural natural ADJ bracis-19063 218 9 language language NOUN bracis-19063 218 10 learning learning NOUN bracis-19063 218 11 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 218 12 proceedings proceeding NOUN bracis-19063 218 13 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 218 14 2017 2017 NUM bracis-19063 218 15 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 218 16 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 219 1 https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/k17-1029 https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/k17-1029 PROPN bracis-19063 219 2 wolf wolf PROPN bracis-19063 219 3 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 219 4 t. t. PROPN bracis-19063 219 5 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 219 6 et et PROPN bracis-19063 219 7 al al PROPN bracis-19063 219 8 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 219 9 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 220 1 transformers transformer NOUN bracis-19063 220 2 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 220 3 state state NOUN bracis-19063 220 4 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 220 5 of of ADP bracis-19063 220 6 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 220 7 the the DET bracis-19063 220 8 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 220 9 art art NOUN bracis-19063 220 10 natural natural ADJ bracis-19063 220 11 language language NOUN bracis-19063 220 12 processing processing NOUN bracis-19063 220 13 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 221 1 in in ADP bracis-19063 221 2 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 221 3 proceedings proceeding NOUN bracis-19063 221 4 of of ADP bracis-19063 221 5 the the DET bracis-19063 221 6 2020 2020 NUM bracis-19063 221 7 conference conference NOUN bracis-19063 221 8 on on ADP bracis-19063 221 9 empirical empirical ADJ bracis-19063 221 10 methods method NOUN bracis-19063 221 11 in in ADP bracis-19063 221 12 natural natural ADJ bracis-19063 221 13 language language NOUN bracis-19063 221 14 processing processing NOUN bracis-19063 221 15 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 221 16 system system NOUN bracis-19063 221 17 demonstrations demonstration NOUN bracis-19063 221 18 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 221 19 pp pp ADJ bracis-19063 221 20 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 222 1 38–45 38–45 NUM bracis-19063 222 2 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 223 1 association association NOUN bracis-19063 223 2 for for ADP bracis-19063 223 3 computational computational ADJ bracis-19063 223 4 linguistics linguistic NOUN bracis-19063 223 5 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 223 6 october october PROPN bracis-19063 223 7 2020 2020 NUM bracis-19063 223 8 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 223 9 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 224 1 https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/2020.emnlp-demos.6 https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/2020.emnlp-demos.6 PROPN bracis-19063 224 2 yoon yoon PROPN bracis-19063 224 3 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 224 4 w. w. PROPN bracis-19063 224 5 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 224 6 lee lee PROPN bracis-19063 224 7 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 224 8 j. j. PROPN bracis-19063 224 9 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 224 10 kim kim PROPN bracis-19063 224 11 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 224 12 d. d. PROPN bracis-19063 224 13 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 224 14 jeong jeong PROPN bracis-19063 224 15 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 224 16 m. m. NOUN bracis-19063 224 17 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 224 18 kang kang PROPN bracis-19063 224 19 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 224 20 j. j. PROPN bracis-19063 224 21 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 224 22 pre pre ADJ bracis-19063 224 23 - - ADJ bracis-19063 224 24 trained train VERB bracis-19063 224 25 language language NOUN bracis-19063 224 26 model model NOUN bracis-19063 224 27 for for ADP bracis-19063 224 28 biomedical biomedical ADJ bracis-19063 224 29 question question NOUN bracis-19063 224 30 answering answering NOUN bracis-19063 224 31 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 225 1 in in ADP bracis-19063 225 2 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 225 3 communications communication NOUN bracis-19063 225 4 in in ADP bracis-19063 225 5 computer computer NOUN bracis-19063 225 6 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 225 7 information information NOUN bracis-19063 225 8 science science NOUN bracis-19063 225 9 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 225 10 2020 2020 NUM bracis-19063 225 11 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 225 12 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 226 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43887-6_64 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43887-6_64 PROPN bracis-19063 226 2 yue yue PROPN bracis-19063 226 3 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 226 4 x. x. PROPN bracis-19063 226 5 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 226 6 zhang zhang PROPN bracis-19063 226 7 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 226 8 x.f x.f PROPN bracis-19063 226 9 . . PROPN bracis-19063 226 10 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 226 11 sun sun PROPN bracis-19063 226 12 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 226 13 h. h. PROPN bracis-19063 226 14 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 226 15 annotated annotate VERB bracis-19063 226 16 question question NOUN bracis-19063 226 17 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 226 18 answer answer NOUN bracis-19063 226 19 pairs pair NOUN bracis-19063 226 20 for for ADP bracis-19063 226 21 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 226 22 notes note NOUN bracis-19063 226 23 in in ADP bracis-19063 226 24 the the DET bracis-19063 226 25 mimic mimic ADJ bracis-19063 226 26 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 226 27 iii iii NOUN bracis-19063 226 28 database database NOUN bracis-19063 226 29 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 226 30 2021 2021 NUM bracis-19063 226 31 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 226 32 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 227 1 https://doi.org/10.13026/j0y6-bw05 https://doi.org/10.13026/j0y6-bw05 PROPN bracis-19063 227 2 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 227 3 https://physionet.org/content/mimic-iii-question-answer/1.0.0/ https://physionet.org/content/mimic-iii-question-answer/1.0.0/ NOUN bracis-19063 227 4 download download NOUN bracis-19063 227 5 references reference VERB bracis-19063 227 6 acknowledgements acknowledgement NOUN bracis-19063 227 7 this this DET bracis-19063 227 8 study study NOUN bracis-19063 227 9 was be AUX bracis-19063 227 10 financed finance VERB bracis-19063 227 11 in in ADP bracis-19063 227 12 part part NOUN bracis-19063 227 13 by by ADP bracis-19063 227 14 the the DET bracis-19063 227 15 coordenação coordenação PROPN bracis-19063 227 16 de de PROPN bracis-19063 227 17 aperfeiçoamento aperfeiçoamento PROPN bracis-19063 227 18 de de X bracis-19063 227 19 pessoal pessoal PROPN bracis-19063 227 20 de de PROPN bracis-19063 227 21 nível nível PROPN bracis-19063 227 22 superior superior PROPN bracis-19063 227 23 brasil brasil PROPN bracis-19063 227 24 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 227 25 capes cape NOUN bracis-19063 227 26 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 227 27 finance finance NOUN bracis-19063 227 28 code code NOUN bracis-19063 227 29 001 001 NUM bracis-19063 227 30 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 228 1 author author NOUN bracis-19063 228 2 information information NOUN bracis-19063 228 3 authors author NOUN bracis-19063 228 4 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 228 5 affiliations affiliation NOUN bracis-19063 228 6 pontifícia pontifícia PROPN bracis-19063 228 7 universidade universidade PROPN bracis-19063 228 8 católica católica PROPN bracis-19063 228 9 do do VERB bracis-19063 228 10 paraná paraná PROPN bracis-19063 228 11 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 228 12 curitiba curitiba PROPN bracis-19063 228 13 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 228 14 brazil brazil PROPN bracis-19063 228 15 lucas lucas PROPN bracis-19063 228 16 emanuel emanuel PROPN bracis-19063 228 17 silva silva PROPN bracis-19063 228 18 e e PROPN bracis-19063 228 19 oliveira oliveira PROPN bracis-19063 228 20 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 228 21     SPACE bracis-19063 228 22 elisa elisa VERB bracis-19063 228 23 terumi terumi PROPN bracis-19063 228 24 rubel rubel PROPN bracis-19063 228 25 schneider schneider NOUN bracis-19063 228 26 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 228 27     SPACE bracis-19063 228 28 yohan yohan PROPN bracis-19063 228 29 bonescki bonescki PROPN bracis-19063 228 30 gumiel gumiel PROPN bracis-19063 228 31 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 228 32     SPACE bracis-19063 228 33 mayara mayara NOUN bracis-19063 228 34 aparecida aparecida PROPN bracis-19063 228 35 passaura passaura VERB bracis-19063 228 36 da da PROPN bracis-19063 228 37 luz luz PROPN bracis-19063 228 38 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 228 39     SPACE bracis-19063 228 40 emerson emerson PROPN bracis-19063 228 41 cabrera cabrera PROPN bracis-19063 228 42 paraiso paraiso PROPN bracis-19063 228 43     SPACE bracis-19063 228 44 & & CCONJ bracis-19063 228 45     SPACE bracis-19063 228 46 claudia claudia PROPN bracis-19063 228 47 moro moro PROPN bracis-19063 228 48 comsentimento comsentimento PROPN bracis-19063 228 49 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 228 50 nlp nlp ADJ bracis-19063 228 51 lab lab PROPN bracis-19063 228 52 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 228 53 são são PROPN bracis-19063 228 54 paulo paulo PROPN bracis-19063 228 55 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 228 56 brazil brazil PROPN bracis-19063 228 57 lucas lucas PROPN bracis-19063 228 58 emanuel emanuel PROPN bracis-19063 228 59 silva silva PROPN bracis-19063 228 60 e e PROPN bracis-19063 228 61 oliveira oliveira PROPN bracis-19063 228 62 authors authors PROPN bracis-19063 228 63 lucas lucas PROPN bracis-19063 228 64 emanuel emanuel PROPN bracis-19063 228 65 silva silva PROPN bracis-19063 228 66 e e PROPN bracis-19063 228 67 oliveiraview oliveiraview NOUN bracis-19063 228 68 author author NOUN bracis-19063 228 69 publications publication NOUN bracis-19063 228 70 search search NOUN bracis-19063 228 71 author author NOUN bracis-19063 228 72 on on ADP bracis-19063 228 73 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 228 74 pubmed pubmed PROPN bracis-19063 228 75     SPACE bracis-19063 228 76 google google PROPN bracis-19063 228 77 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-19063 228 78 elisa elisa PROPN bracis-19063 228 79 terumi terumi PROPN bracis-19063 228 80 rubel rubel PROPN bracis-19063 228 81 schneiderview schneiderview NOUN bracis-19063 228 82 author author NOUN bracis-19063 228 83 publications publication NOUN bracis-19063 228 84 search search NOUN bracis-19063 228 85 author author NOUN bracis-19063 228 86 on on ADP bracis-19063 228 87 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 228 88 pubmed pubmed PROPN bracis-19063 228 89     SPACE bracis-19063 228 90 google google PROPN bracis-19063 228 91 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-19063 228 92 yohan yohan PROPN bracis-19063 228 93 bonescki bonescki PROPN bracis-19063 228 94 gumielview gumielview PROPN bracis-19063 228 95 author author NOUN bracis-19063 228 96 publications publication NOUN bracis-19063 228 97 search search NOUN bracis-19063 228 98 author author NOUN bracis-19063 228 99 on on ADP bracis-19063 228 100 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 228 101 pubmed pubmed PROPN bracis-19063 228 102     SPACE bracis-19063 228 103 google google PROPN bracis-19063 228 104 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-19063 228 105 mayara mayara NOUN bracis-19063 228 106 aparecida aparecida PROPN bracis-19063 228 107 passaura passaura VERB bracis-19063 228 108 da da PROPN bracis-19063 228 109 luzview luzview PROPN bracis-19063 228 110 author author NOUN bracis-19063 228 111 publications publication NOUN bracis-19063 228 112 search search NOUN bracis-19063 228 113 author author NOUN bracis-19063 228 114 on on ADP bracis-19063 228 115 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 228 116 pubmed pubmed PROPN bracis-19063 228 117     SPACE bracis-19063 228 118 google google PROPN bracis-19063 228 119 scholar scholar PROPN bracis-19063 228 120 emerson emerson PROPN bracis-19063 228 121 cabrera cabrera PROPN bracis-19063 228 122 paraisoview paraisoview PROPN bracis-19063 228 123 author author NOUN bracis-19063 228 124 publications publication NOUN bracis-19063 228 125 search search NOUN bracis-19063 228 126 author author NOUN bracis-19063 228 127 on on ADP bracis-19063 228 128 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 228 129 pubmed pubmed PROPN bracis-19063 228 130     SPACE bracis-19063 228 131 google google PROPN bracis-19063 228 132 scholar scholar PROPN bracis-19063 228 133 claudia claudia PROPN bracis-19063 228 134 moroview moroview PROPN bracis-19063 228 135 author author NOUN bracis-19063 228 136 publications publication NOUN bracis-19063 228 137 search search NOUN bracis-19063 228 138 author author NOUN bracis-19063 228 139 on on ADP bracis-19063 228 140 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 228 141 pubmed pubmed PROPN bracis-19063 228 142     SPACE bracis-19063 228 143 google google PROPN bracis-19063 228 144 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-19063 228 145 corresponding correspond VERB bracis-19063 228 146 author author NOUN bracis-19063 228 147 correspondence correspondence NOUN bracis-19063 228 148 to to ADP bracis-19063 228 149 lucas lucas PROPN bracis-19063 228 150 emanuel emanuel PROPN bracis-19063 228 151 silva silva PROPN bracis-19063 228 152 e e PROPN bracis-19063 228 153 oliveira oliveira PROPN bracis-19063 228 154 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 229 1 editor editor NOUN bracis-19063 229 2 information information NOUN bracis-19063 229 3 editors editor NOUN bracis-19063 229 4 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 229 5 affiliations affiliation NOUN bracis-19063 229 6 universidade universidade PROPN bracis-19063 229 7 federal federal PROPN bracis-19063 229 8 de de X bracis-19063 229 9 sergipe sergipe PROPN bracis-19063 229 10 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 229 11 são são NOUN bracis-19063 229 12 cristóvão cristóvão PROPN bracis-19063 229 13 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 229 14 brazil brazil PROPN bracis-19063 229 15 andré andré PROPN bracis-19063 229 16 britto britto PROPN bracis-19063 229 17 universidade universidade PROPN bracis-19063 229 18 de de PROPN bracis-19063 229 19 são são PROPN bracis-19063 229 20 paulo paulo PROPN bracis-19063 229 21 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 229 22 são são PROPN bracis-19063 229 23 paulo paulo PROPN bracis-19063 229 24 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 229 25 brazil brazil PROPN bracis-19063 229 26 karina karina PROPN bracis-19063 229 27 valdivia valdivia PROPN bracis-19063 229 28 delgado delgado VERB bracis-19063 229 29 rights right NOUN bracis-19063 229 30 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 229 31 permissions permission NOUN bracis-19063 229 32 reprints reprint NOUN bracis-19063 229 33 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 229 34 permissions permission VERB bracis-19063 229 35 copyright copyright NOUN bracis-19063 229 36 information information NOUN bracis-19063 229 37 © © PROPN bracis-19063 229 38 2021 2021 NUM bracis-19063 229 39 springer springer NOUN bracis-19063 229 40 nature nature NOUN bracis-19063 229 41 switzerland switzerland PROPN bracis-19063 229 42 ag ag PROPN bracis-19063 229 43 about about ADP bracis-19063 229 44 this this DET bracis-19063 229 45 paper paper NOUN bracis-19063 229 46 cite cite VERB bracis-19063 229 47 this this DET bracis-19063 229 48 paper paper NOUN bracis-19063 229 49 oliveira oliveira PROPN bracis-19063 229 50 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 229 51 l.e.s.e l.e.s.e PROPN bracis-19063 229 52 . . PROPN bracis-19063 229 53 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 229 54 schneider schneider PROPN bracis-19063 229 55 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 229 56 e.t.r e.t.r PROPN bracis-19063 229 57 . . PROPN bracis-19063 229 58 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 229 59 gumiel gumiel PROPN bracis-19063 229 60 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 229 61 y.b y.b PROPN bracis-19063 229 62 . . PROPN bracis-19063 229 63 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 229 64 luz luz PROPN bracis-19063 229 65 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 229 66 m.a.p.d m.a.p.d PROPN bracis-19063 229 67 . . PROPN bracis-19063 229 68 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 229 69 paraiso paraiso PROPN bracis-19063 229 70 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 229 71 e.c e.c PROPN bracis-19063 229 72 . . PROPN bracis-19063 229 73 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 229 74 moro moro PROPN bracis-19063 229 75 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 229 76 c. c. NOUN bracis-19063 229 77 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 229 78 2021 2021 NUM bracis-19063 229 79 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 229 80 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 230 1 experiments experiment NOUN bracis-19063 230 2 on on ADP bracis-19063 230 3 portuguese portuguese ADJ bracis-19063 230 4 clinical clinical ADJ bracis-19063 230 5 question question NOUN bracis-19063 230 6 answering answer VERB bracis-19063 230 7 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 231 1 in in ADP bracis-19063 231 2 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 231 3 britto britto PROPN bracis-19063 231 4 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 231 5 a. a. PROPN bracis-19063 231 6 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 231 7 valdivia valdivia PROPN bracis-19063 231 8 delgado delgado PROPN bracis-19063 231 9 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 231 10 k. k. PROPN bracis-19063 231 11 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 231 12 eds eds PROPN bracis-19063 231 13 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 231 14 intelligent intelligent ADJ bracis-19063 231 15 systems system NOUN bracis-19063 231 16 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 232 1 bracis bracis PROPN bracis-19063 232 2 2021 2021 NUM bracis-19063 232 3 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 233 1 lecture lecture NOUN bracis-19063 233 2 notes note NOUN bracis-19063 233 3 in in ADP bracis-19063 233 4 computer computer NOUN bracis-19063 233 5 science science NOUN bracis-19063 233 6 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 233 7 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 233 8 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 233 9 vol vol NOUN bracis-19063 233 10 13074 13074 NUM bracis-19063 233 11 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 234 1 springer springer NOUN bracis-19063 234 2 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 234 3 cham cham PROPN bracis-19063 234 4 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 235 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91699-2_10 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91699-2_10 NOUN bracis-19063 235 2 download download NOUN bracis-19063 235 3 citation citation NOUN bracis-19063 235 4 .ris .ris PUNCT bracis-19063 236 1 .enw .enw PROPN bracis-19063 236 2 .bib .bib PUNCT bracis-19063 237 1 doi doi PROPN bracis-19063 237 2 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 237 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91699-2_10 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91699-2_10 NOUN bracis-19063 237 4 published publish VERB bracis-19063 237 5 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 237 6 28 28 NUM bracis-19063 237 7 november november PROPN bracis-19063 237 8 2021 2021 NUM bracis-19063 237 9 publisher publisher NOUN bracis-19063 237 10 name name NOUN bracis-19063 237 11 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 237 12 springer springer NOUN bracis-19063 237 13 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 237 14 cham cham PROPN bracis-19063 237 15 print print PROPN bracis-19063 237 16 isbn isbn PROPN bracis-19063 237 17 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 237 18 978 978 NUM bracis-19063 237 19 - - SYM bracis-19063 237 20 3 3 NUM bracis-19063 237 21 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 237 22 030 030 NUM bracis-19063 237 23 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 237 24 91698 91698 NUM bracis-19063 237 25 - - SYM bracis-19063 237 26 5 5 NUM bracis-19063 237 27 online online ADJ bracis-19063 237 28 isbn isbn NOUN bracis-19063 237 29 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 237 30 978 978 NUM bracis-19063 237 31 - - SYM bracis-19063 237 32 3 3 NUM bracis-19063 237 33 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 237 34 030 030 NUM bracis-19063 237 35 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 237 36 91699 91699 NUM bracis-19063 237 37 - - SYM bracis-19063 237 38 2 2 NUM bracis-19063 237 39 ebook ebook NOUN bracis-19063 237 40 packages package NOUN bracis-19063 237 41 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 237 42 computer computer NOUN bracis-19063 237 43 sciencecomputer sciencecomputer NOUN bracis-19063 237 44 science science NOUN bracis-19063 237 45 ( ( PUNCT bracis-19063 237 46 r0 r0 NOUN bracis-19063 237 47 ) ) PUNCT bracis-19063 237 48 share share VERB bracis-19063 237 49 this this DET bracis-19063 237 50 paper paper NOUN bracis-19063 237 51 anyone anyone PRON bracis-19063 237 52 you you PRON bracis-19063 237 53 share share VERB bracis-19063 237 54 the the DET bracis-19063 237 55 following follow VERB bracis-19063 237 56 link link NOUN bracis-19063 237 57 with with ADP bracis-19063 237 58 will will AUX bracis-19063 237 59 be be AUX bracis-19063 237 60 able able ADJ bracis-19063 237 61 to to PART bracis-19063 237 62 read read VERB bracis-19063 237 63 this this DET bracis-19063 237 64 content content NOUN bracis-19063 237 65 : : PUNCT bracis-19063 237 66 get get VERB bracis-19063 237 67 shareable shareable ADJ bracis-19063 237 68 linksorry linksorry NOUN bracis-19063 237 69 , , PUNCT bracis-19063 237 70 a a DET bracis-19063 237 71 shareable shareable ADJ bracis-19063 237 72 link link NOUN bracis-19063 237 73 is be AUX bracis-19063 237 74 not not PART bracis-19063 237 75 currently currently ADV bracis-19063 237 76 available available ADJ bracis-19063 237 77 for for ADP bracis-19063 237 78 this this DET bracis-19063 237 79 article article NOUN bracis-19063 237 80 . . PUNCT bracis-19063 238 1 copy copy VERB bracis-19063 238 2 shareable shareable ADJ bracis-19063 238 3 link link NOUN bracis-19063 238 4 to to PART bracis-19063 238 5 clipboard clipboard NOUN bracis-19063 238 6 provided provide VERB bracis-19063 238 7 by by ADP bracis-19063 238 8 the the DET bracis-19063 238 9 springer springer NOUN bracis-19063 238 10 nature nature PROPN bracis-19063 238 11 sharedit sharedit PROPN bracis-19063 238 12 content content NOUN bracis-19063 238 13 - - PUNCT bracis-19063 238 14 sharing share VERB bracis-19063 238 15 initiative initiative NOUN bracis-19063 238 16 keywords keyword NOUN bracis-19063 238 17 question question VERB bracis-19063 238 18 answering answer VERB bracis-19063 238 19 electronic electronic ADJ bracis-19063 238 20 health health NOUN bracis-19063 238 21 records record NOUN bracis-19063 238 22 transfer transfer NOUN bracis-19063 238 23 learning learning NOUN bracis-19063 238 24 publish publish NOUN bracis-19063 238 25 with with ADP bracis-19063 238 26 us us PROPN bracis-19063 238 27 policies policy NOUN bracis-19063 238 28 and and CCONJ bracis-19063 238 29 ethics ethic NOUN bracis-19063 238 30 profiles profile NOUN bracis-19063 238 31 emerson emerson PROPN bracis-19063 238 32 cabrera cabrera PROPN bracis-19063 238 33 paraiso paraiso PROPN bracis-19063 238 34 view view NOUN bracis-19063 238 35 author author NOUN bracis-19063 238 36 profile profile NOUN bracis-19063 238 37 search search NOUN bracis-19063 238 38 search search NOUN bracis-19063 238 39 by by ADP bracis-19063 238 40 keyword keyword NOUN bracis-19063 238 41 or or CCONJ bracis-19063 238 42 author author NOUN bracis-19063 238 43 search search NOUN bracis-19063 238 44 navigation navigation NOUN bracis-19063 238 45 find find VERB bracis-19063 238 46 a a DET bracis-19063 238 47 journal journal NOUN bracis-19063 238 48 publish publish VERB bracis-19063 238 49 with with ADP bracis-19063 238 50 us we PRON bracis-19063 238 51 track track VERB bracis-19063 238 52 your your PRON bracis-19063 238 53 research research NOUN bracis-19063 238 54 discover discover VERB bracis-19063 238 55 content content NOUN bracis-19063 238 56 journals journal NOUN bracis-19063 238 57 a a DET bracis-19063 238 58 - 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