id sid tid token lemma pos bracis-28365 1 1 machine machine NOUN bracis-28365 1 2 teaching teaching NOUN bracis-28365 1 3 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 1 4 an an DET bracis-28365 1 5 explainable explainable ADJ bracis-28365 1 6 machine machine NOUN bracis-28365 1 7 learning learn VERB bracis-28365 1 8 model model NOUN bracis-28365 1 9 for for ADP bracis-28365 1 10     SPACE bracis-28365 1 11 individualized individualized ADJ bracis-28365 1 12 education education NOUN bracis-28365 1 13 | | NOUN bracis-28365 1 14 springer springer NOUN bracis-28365 1 15 nature nature PROPN bracis-28365 1 16 link link PROPN bracis-28365 1 17 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 1 18 formerly formerly ADV bracis-28365 1 19 springerlink springerlink NOUN bracis-28365 1 20 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 1 21 skip skip VERB bracis-28365 1 22 to to ADP bracis-28365 1 23 main main ADJ bracis-28365 1 24 content content NOUN bracis-28365 1 25 advertisement advertisement NOUN bracis-28365 1 26 log log NOUN bracis-28365 1 27 in in ADP bracis-28365 1 28 menu menu NOUN bracis-28365 1 29 find find VERB bracis-28365 1 30 a a DET bracis-28365 1 31 journal journal NOUN bracis-28365 1 32 publish publish VERB bracis-28365 1 33 with with ADP bracis-28365 1 34 us we PRON bracis-28365 1 35 track track VERB bracis-28365 1 36 your your PRON bracis-28365 1 37 research research NOUN bracis-28365 1 38 search search NOUN bracis-28365 1 39 cart cart NOUN bracis-28365 1 40 home home NOUN bracis-28365 1 41 intelligent intelligent ADJ bracis-28365 1 42 systems system NOUN bracis-28365 1 43 conference conference NOUN bracis-28365 1 44 paper paper NOUN bracis-28365 1 45 machine machine NOUN bracis-28365 1 46 teaching teaching NOUN bracis-28365 1 47 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 1 48 an an DET bracis-28365 1 49 explainable explainable ADJ bracis-28365 1 50 machine machine NOUN bracis-28365 1 51 learning learn VERB bracis-28365 1 52 model model NOUN bracis-28365 1 53 for for ADP bracis-28365 1 54     SPACE bracis-28365 1 55 individualized individualized ADJ bracis-28365 1 56 education education NOUN bracis-28365 1 57 conference conference NOUN bracis-28365 1 58 paper paper NOUN bracis-28365 1 59 first first ADV bracis-28365 1 60 online online ADV bracis-28365 1 61 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 1 62 12 12 NUM bracis-28365 1 63 october october NOUN bracis-28365 1 64 2023 2023 NUM bracis-28365 1 65 pp pp NOUN bracis-28365 1 66 321–336 321–336 PROPN bracis-28365 1 67 cite cite VERB bracis-28365 1 68 this this DET bracis-28365 1 69 conference conference NOUN bracis-28365 1 70 paper paper NOUN bracis-28365 1 71 access access NOUN bracis-28365 1 72 provided provide VERB bracis-28365 1 73 by by ADP bracis-28365 1 74 university university PROPN bracis-28365 1 75 of of ADP bracis-28365 1 76 notre notre PROPN bracis-28365 1 77 dame dame PROPN bracis-28365 1 78 hesburgh hesburgh PROPN bracis-28365 1 79 library library PROPN bracis-28365 1 80 download download PROPN bracis-28365 1 81 book book NOUN bracis-28365 1 82 pdf pdf PROPN bracis-28365 1 83 download download NOUN bracis-28365 1 84 book book NOUN bracis-28365 1 85 epub epub PROPN bracis-28365 1 86 intelligent intelligent ADJ bracis-28365 1 87 systems system NOUN bracis-28365 1 88 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 1 89 bracis bracis NOUN bracis-28365 1 90 2023 2023 NUM bracis-28365 1 91 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 1 92 machine machine NOUN bracis-28365 1 93 teaching teaching NOUN bracis-28365 1 94 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 1 95 an an DET bracis-28365 1 96 explainable explainable ADJ bracis-28365 1 97 machine machine NOUN bracis-28365 1 98 learning learn VERB bracis-28365 1 99 model model NOUN bracis-28365 1 100 for for ADP bracis-28365 1 101     SPACE bracis-28365 1 102 individualized individualized ADJ bracis-28365 1 103 education education NOUN bracis-28365 1 104 download download NOUN bracis-28365 1 105 book book NOUN bracis-28365 1 106 pdf pdf PROPN bracis-28365 1 107 download download NOUN bracis-28365 1 108 book book PROPN bracis-28365 1 109 epub epub PROPN bracis-28365 1 110 eduardo eduardo PROPN bracis-28365 1 111 vargas vargas PROPN bracis-28365 1 112 ferreira ferreira PROPN bracis-28365 1 113     SPACE bracis-28365 1 114 orcid orcid NOUN bracis-28365 1 115 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 1 116 orcid.org/0000-0002-9241-97789,10 orcid.org/0000-0002-9241-97789,10 PROPN bracis-28365 1 117 & & CCONJ bracis-28365 1 118 ana ana PROPN bracis-28365 1 119 carolina carolina PROPN bracis-28365 1 120 lorena lorena PROPN bracis-28365 1 121     SPACE bracis-28365 1 122 orcid orcid PROPN bracis-28365 1 123 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 1 124 orcid.org/0000-0002-6140-571x9 orcid.org/0000-0002-6140-571x9 ADP bracis-28365 1 125     SPACE bracis-28365 1 126 part part NOUN bracis-28365 1 127 of of ADP bracis-28365 1 128 the the DET bracis-28365 1 129 book book NOUN bracis-28365 1 130 series series NOUN bracis-28365 1 131 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 1 132 lecture lecture NOUN bracis-28365 1 133 notes note NOUN bracis-28365 1 134 in in ADP bracis-28365 1 135 computer computer NOUN bracis-28365 1 136 science science NOUN bracis-28365 1 137 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 1 138 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 1 139 lnai lnai ADJ bracis-28365 1 140 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 1 141 volume volume NOUN bracis-28365 1 142 14195 14195 NUM bracis-28365 1 143 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 1 144 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 1 145 included include VERB bracis-28365 1 146 in in ADP bracis-28365 1 147 the the DET bracis-28365 1 148 following follow VERB bracis-28365 1 149 conference conference NOUN bracis-28365 1 150 series series NOUN bracis-28365 1 151 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 1 152 brazilian brazilian ADJ bracis-28365 1 153 conference conference NOUN bracis-28365 1 154 on on ADP bracis-28365 1 155 intelligent intelligent ADJ bracis-28365 1 156 systems system NOUN bracis-28365 1 157 585 585 NUM bracis-28365 1 158 accesses access NOUN bracis-28365 1 159 2 2 NUM bracis-28365 1 160 citations citation NOUN bracis-28365 1 161 abstract abstract ADJ bracis-28365 1 162 education education NOUN bracis-28365 1 163 is be AUX bracis-28365 1 164 the the DET bracis-28365 1 165 single single ADJ bracis-28365 1 166 most most ADV bracis-28365 1 167 important important ADJ bracis-28365 1 168 investment investment NOUN bracis-28365 1 169 that that PRON bracis-28365 1 170 people people NOUN bracis-28365 1 171 can can AUX bracis-28365 1 172 make make VERB bracis-28365 1 173 in in ADP bracis-28365 1 174 their their PRON bracis-28365 1 175 futures future NOUN bracis-28365 1 176 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 1 177 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 1 178 since since SCONJ bracis-28365 1 179 the the DET bracis-28365 1 180 universal universal ADJ bracis-28365 1 181 declaration declaration NOUN bracis-28365 1 182 of of ADP bracis-28365 1 183 human human ADJ bracis-28365 1 184 rights right NOUN bracis-28365 1 185 in in ADP bracis-28365 1 186 1948 1948 NUM bracis-28365 1 187 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 1 188 the the DET bracis-28365 1 189 goal goal NOUN bracis-28365 1 190 of of ADP bracis-28365 1 191 achieving achieve VERB bracis-28365 1 192 universal universal ADJ bracis-28365 1 193 education education NOUN bracis-28365 1 194 has have AUX bracis-28365 1 195 been be AUX bracis-28365 1 196 on on ADP bracis-28365 1 197 the the DET bracis-28365 1 198 international international ADJ bracis-28365 1 199 agenda agenda NOUN bracis-28365 1 200 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 2 1 in in ADP bracis-28365 2 2 this this DET bracis-28365 2 3 regard regard NOUN bracis-28365 2 4 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 2 5 there there PRON bracis-28365 2 6 is be VERB bracis-28365 2 7 no no DET bracis-28365 2 8 doubt doubt NOUN bracis-28365 2 9 that that SCONJ bracis-28365 2 10 the the DET bracis-28365 2 11 web web NOUN bracis-28365 2 12 has have AUX bracis-28365 2 13 had have AUX bracis-28365 2 14 a a DET bracis-28365 2 15 profound profound ADJ bracis-28365 2 16 impact impact NOUN bracis-28365 2 17 on on ADP bracis-28365 2 18 making make VERB bracis-28365 2 19 education education NOUN bracis-28365 2 20 both both CCONJ bracis-28365 2 21 universally universally ADV bracis-28365 2 22 available available ADJ bracis-28365 2 23 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 2 24 more more ADV bracis-28365 2 25 relevant relevant ADJ bracis-28365 2 26 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 3 1 nevertheless nevertheless ADV bracis-28365 3 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 3 3 online online ADJ bracis-28365 3 4 courses course NOUN bracis-28365 3 5 are be AUX bracis-28365 3 6 based base VERB bracis-28365 3 7 on on ADP bracis-28365 3 8 “ " PUNCT bracis-28365 3 9 static static ADJ bracis-28365 3 10 ” " PUNCT bracis-28365 3 11 learning learning NOUN bracis-28365 3 12 material material NOUN bracis-28365 3 13 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 3 14 one one NUM bracis-28365 3 15 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 3 16 size size NOUN bracis-28365 3 17 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 3 18 fits fit VERB bracis-28365 3 19 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 3 20 all all PRON bracis-28365 3 21 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 3 22 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 4 1 for for ADP bracis-28365 4 2 that that DET bracis-28365 4 3 reason reason NOUN bracis-28365 4 4 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 4 5 it it PRON bracis-28365 4 6 is be AUX bracis-28365 4 7 not not PART bracis-28365 4 8 straightforward straightforward ADJ bracis-28365 4 9 to to PART bracis-28365 4 10 assess assess VERB bracis-28365 4 11 learning learn VERB bracis-28365 4 12 with with ADP bracis-28365 4 13 a a DET bracis-28365 4 14 great great ADJ bracis-28365 4 15 number number NOUN bracis-28365 4 16 of of ADP bracis-28365 4 17 learners learner NOUN bracis-28365 4 18 who who PRON bracis-28365 4 19 differ differ VERB bracis-28365 4 20 considerably considerably ADV bracis-28365 4 21 in in ADP bracis-28365 4 22 their their PRON bracis-28365 4 23 educational educational ADJ bracis-28365 4 24 background background NOUN bracis-28365 4 25 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 4 26 engagement engagement NOUN bracis-28365 4 27 styles style NOUN bracis-28365 4 28 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 4 29 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 4 30 cognitive cognitive ADJ bracis-28365 4 31 skills skill NOUN bracis-28365 4 32 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 5 1 in in ADP bracis-28365 5 2 this this DET bracis-28365 5 3 work work NOUN bracis-28365 5 4 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 5 5 we we PRON bracis-28365 5 6 aim aim VERB bracis-28365 5 7 to to PART bracis-28365 5 8 address address VERB bracis-28365 5 9 these these DET bracis-28365 5 10 aforementioned aforementioned ADJ bracis-28365 5 11 challenges challenge NOUN bracis-28365 5 12 by by ADP bracis-28365 5 13 proposing propose VERB bracis-28365 5 14 an an DET bracis-28365 5 15 explainable explainable ADJ bracis-28365 5 16 machine machine NOUN bracis-28365 5 17 learning learn VERB bracis-28365 5 18 algorithm algorithm NOUN bracis-28365 5 19 for for ADP bracis-28365 5 20 personalizing personalize VERB bracis-28365 5 21 web web NOUN bracis-28365 5 22 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 5 23 based base VERB bracis-28365 5 24 education education NOUN bracis-28365 5 25 systems system NOUN bracis-28365 5 26 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 6 1 the the DET bracis-28365 6 2 method method NOUN bracis-28365 6 3 has have VERB bracis-28365 6 4 a a DET bracis-28365 6 5 “ " PUNCT bracis-28365 6 6 deep deep ADJ bracis-28365 6 7 ” " PUNCT bracis-28365 6 8 architecture architecture NOUN bracis-28365 6 9 mimicking mimic VERB bracis-28365 6 10 the the DET bracis-28365 6 11 information information NOUN bracis-28365 6 12 representation representation NOUN bracis-28365 6 13 structure structure NOUN bracis-28365 6 14 in in ADP bracis-28365 6 15 human human ADJ bracis-28365 6 16 brains brain NOUN bracis-28365 6 17 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 6 18 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 6 19 it it PRON bracis-28365 6 20 is be AUX bracis-28365 6 21 continuously continuously ADV bracis-28365 6 22 adapted adapt VERB bracis-28365 6 23 based base VERB bracis-28365 6 24 on on ADP bracis-28365 6 25 the the DET bracis-28365 6 26 signals signal NOUN bracis-28365 6 27 of of ADP bracis-28365 6 28 the the DET bracis-28365 6 29 students student NOUN bracis-28365 6 30 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 6 31 understanding understand VERB bracis-28365 6 32 their their PRON bracis-28365 6 33 performance performance NOUN bracis-28365 6 34 through through ADP bracis-28365 6 35 micro micro NOUN bracis-28365 6 36 - - NOUN bracis-28365 6 37 steps step NOUN bracis-28365 6 38 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 6 39 maximizing maximize VERB bracis-28365 6 40 the the DET bracis-28365 6 41 learning learning NOUN bracis-28365 6 42 outcome outcome NOUN bracis-28365 6 43 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 7 1 while while SCONJ bracis-28365 7 2 our our PRON bracis-28365 7 3 methodology methodology NOUN bracis-28365 7 4 is be AUX bracis-28365 7 5 general general ADJ bracis-28365 7 6 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 7 7 can can AUX bracis-28365 7 8 be be AUX bracis-28365 7 9 applied apply VERB bracis-28365 7 10 in in ADP bracis-28365 7 11 numerous numerous ADJ bracis-28365 7 12 scenarios scenario NOUN bracis-28365 7 13 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 7 14 we we PRON bracis-28365 7 15 demonstrate demonstrate VERB bracis-28365 7 16 its its PRON bracis-28365 7 17 performance performance NOUN bracis-28365 7 18 by by ADP bracis-28365 7 19 a a DET bracis-28365 7 20 real real ADJ bracis-28365 7 21 case case NOUN bracis-28365 7 22 study study NOUN bracis-28365 7 23 which which PRON bracis-28365 7 24 comprises comprise VERB bracis-28365 7 25 a a DET bracis-28365 7 26 non non ADJ bracis-28365 7 27 - - ADJ bracis-28365 7 28 mandatory mandatory ADJ bracis-28365 7 29 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 7 30 standardized standardized ADJ bracis-28365 7 31 exam exam NOUN bracis-28365 7 32 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 7 33 that that PRON bracis-28365 7 34 evaluates evaluate VERB bracis-28365 7 35 high high ADJ bracis-28365 7 36 school school NOUN bracis-28365 7 37 students student NOUN bracis-28365 7 38 in in ADP bracis-28365 7 39 brazil brazil PROPN bracis-28365 7 40 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 8 1 access access NOUN bracis-28365 8 2 provided provide VERB bracis-28365 8 3 by by ADP bracis-28365 8 4 university university PROPN bracis-28365 8 5 of of ADP bracis-28365 8 6 notre notre PROPN bracis-28365 8 7 dame dame PROPN bracis-28365 8 8 hesburgh hesburgh PROPN bracis-28365 8 9 library library PROPN bracis-28365 8 10 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 9 1 download download PROPN bracis-28365 9 2 conference conference NOUN bracis-28365 9 3 paper paper NOUN bracis-28365 9 4 pdf pdf NOUN bracis-28365 9 5 similar similar ADJ bracis-28365 9 6 content content NOUN bracis-28365 9 7 being be AUX bracis-28365 9 8 viewed view VERB bracis-28365 9 9 by by ADP bracis-28365 9 10 others other NOUN bracis-28365 9 11 integration integration NOUN bracis-28365 9 12 of of ADP bracis-28365 9 13 machine machine NOUN bracis-28365 9 14 learning learn VERB bracis-28365 9 15 in in ADP bracis-28365 9 16 education education NOUN bracis-28365 9 17 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 9 18 challenges challenge NOUN bracis-28365 9 19 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 9 20 issues issue NOUN bracis-28365 9 21 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 9 22 trends trend NOUN bracis-28365 9 23 chapter chapter NOUN bracis-28365 9 24 © © PROPN bracis-28365 9 25 2022 2022 NUM bracis-28365 9 26 transforming transform VERB bracis-28365 9 27 classroom classroom NOUN bracis-28365 9 28 instruction instruction NOUN bracis-28365 9 29 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 9 30 embracing embrace VERB bracis-28365 9 31 machine machine NOUN bracis-28365 9 32 learning learning NOUN bracis-28365 9 33 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 9 34 assisted assist VERB bracis-28365 9 35 teaching teaching NOUN bracis-28365 9 36 pedagogy pedagogy NOUN bracis-28365 9 37 chapter chapter NOUN bracis-28365 9 38 © © PROPN bracis-28365 9 39 2024 2024 NUM bracis-28365 9 40 exploring explore VERB bracis-28365 9 41 educational educational ADJ bracis-28365 9 42 horizons horizon NOUN bracis-28365 9 43 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 9 44 a a DET bracis-28365 9 45 comprehensive comprehensive ADJ bracis-28365 9 46 review review NOUN bracis-28365 9 47 of of ADP bracis-28365 9 48 finding find VERB bracis-28365 9 49 teacher teacher NOUN bracis-28365 9 50 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 9 51 interview interview NOUN bracis-28365 9 52 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 9 53 based base VERB bracis-28365 9 54 learning learning NOUN bracis-28365 9 55 experiences experience NOUN bracis-28365 9 56 using use VERB bracis-28365 9 57 machine machine NOUN bracis-28365 9 58 learning learn VERB bracis-28365 9 59 chapter chapter NOUN bracis-28365 9 60 © © PROPN bracis-28365 9 61 2025 2025 NUM bracis-28365 9 62 explore explore VERB bracis-28365 9 63 related relate VERB bracis-28365 9 64 subjects subject NOUN bracis-28365 9 65 discover discover VERB bracis-28365 9 66 the the DET bracis-28365 9 67 latest late ADJ bracis-28365 9 68 articles article NOUN bracis-28365 9 69 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 9 70 books book NOUN bracis-28365 9 71 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 9 72 news news NOUN bracis-28365 9 73 in in ADP bracis-28365 9 74 related related ADJ bracis-28365 9 75 subjects subject NOUN bracis-28365 9 76 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 9 77 suggested suggest VERB bracis-28365 9 78 using use VERB bracis-28365 9 79 machine machine NOUN bracis-28365 9 80 learning learning NOUN bracis-28365 9 81 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 10 1 computers computer NOUN bracis-28365 10 2 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 10 3 education education NOUN bracis-28365 10 4 instructional instructional ADJ bracis-28365 10 5 theory theory NOUN bracis-28365 10 6 learning learning NOUN bracis-28365 10 7 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 10 8 instruction instruction NOUN bracis-28365 10 9 learning learn VERB bracis-28365 10 10 algorithms algorithm NOUN bracis-28365 10 11 learning learn VERB bracis-28365 10 12 theory theory NOUN bracis-28365 10 13 machine machine NOUN bracis-28365 10 14 learning learn VERB bracis-28365 10 15 1 1 NUM bracis-28365 10 16 introduction introduction NOUN bracis-28365 10 17 education education NOUN bracis-28365 10 18 is be AUX bracis-28365 10 19 the the DET bracis-28365 10 20 single single ADJ bracis-28365 10 21 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 10 22 most most ADV bracis-28365 10 23 important important ADJ bracis-28365 10 24 investment investment NOUN bracis-28365 10 25 that that PRON bracis-28365 10 26 people people NOUN bracis-28365 10 27 can can AUX bracis-28365 10 28 make make VERB bracis-28365 10 29 in in ADP bracis-28365 10 30 their their PRON bracis-28365 10 31 futures future NOUN bracis-28365 10 32 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 10 33 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 10 34 the the DET bracis-28365 10 35 best good ADJ bracis-28365 10 36 way way NOUN bracis-28365 10 37 to to PART bracis-28365 10 38 beat beat VERB bracis-28365 10 39 poverty poverty NOUN bracis-28365 10 40 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 10 41 promoting promote VERB bracis-28365 10 42 more more ADJ bracis-28365 10 43 inclusive inclusive ADJ bracis-28365 10 44 societies society NOUN bracis-28365 10 45 [ [ X bracis-28365 10 46 40 40 NUM bracis-28365 10 47 ] ] PUNCT bracis-28365 10 48 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 11 1 even even ADV bracis-28365 11 2 in in ADP bracis-28365 11 3 the the DET bracis-28365 11 4 worst bad ADJ bracis-28365 11 5 circumstances circumstance NOUN bracis-28365 11 6 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 11 7 it it PRON bracis-28365 11 8 is be AUX bracis-28365 11 9 the the DET bracis-28365 11 10 basic basic ADJ bracis-28365 11 11 building building NOUN bracis-28365 11 12 block block NOUN bracis-28365 11 13 to to PART bracis-28365 11 14 give give VERB bracis-28365 11 15 people people NOUN bracis-28365 11 16 confidence confidence NOUN bracis-28365 11 17 face face NOUN bracis-28365 11 18 to to ADP bracis-28365 11 19 future future NOUN bracis-28365 11 20 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 12 1 nevertheless nevertheless ADV bracis-28365 12 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 12 3 the the DET bracis-28365 12 4 cost cost NOUN bracis-28365 12 5 of of ADP bracis-28365 12 6 attaining attain VERB bracis-28365 12 7 higher high ADJ bracis-28365 12 8 education education NOUN bracis-28365 12 9 has have AUX bracis-28365 12 10 skyrocketed skyrocket VERB bracis-28365 12 11 over over ADP bracis-28365 12 12 the the DET bracis-28365 12 13 past past ADJ bracis-28365 12 14 few few ADJ bracis-28365 12 15 decades decade NOUN bracis-28365 12 16 [ [ X bracis-28365 12 17 39 39 NUM bracis-28365 12 18 ] ] PUNCT bracis-28365 12 19 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 13 1 faced face VERB bracis-28365 13 2 with with ADP bracis-28365 13 3 this this PRON bracis-28365 13 4 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 13 5 the the DET bracis-28365 13 6 web web NOUN bracis-28365 13 7 has have AUX bracis-28365 13 8 enabled enable VERB bracis-28365 13 9 one one NUM bracis-28365 13 10 of of ADP bracis-28365 13 11 the the DET bracis-28365 13 12 most most ADV bracis-28365 13 13 prominent prominent ADJ bracis-28365 13 14 developments development NOUN bracis-28365 13 15 in in ADP bracis-28365 13 16 higher high ADJ bracis-28365 13 17 education education NOUN bracis-28365 13 18 in in ADP bracis-28365 13 19 recent recent ADJ bracis-28365 13 20 years year NOUN bracis-28365 13 21 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 13 22 not not PART bracis-28365 13 23 only only ADV bracis-28365 13 24 taking take VERB bracis-28365 13 25 classes class NOUN bracis-28365 13 26 out out ADP bracis-28365 13 27 of of ADP bracis-28365 13 28 the the DET bracis-28365 13 29 traditional traditional ADJ bracis-28365 13 30 classroom classroom NOUN bracis-28365 13 31 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 13 32 making make VERB bracis-28365 13 33 them they PRON bracis-28365 13 34 open open ADJ bracis-28365 13 35 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 13 36 accessible accessible ADJ bracis-28365 13 37 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 13 38 dynamic dynamic ADJ bracis-28365 14 1 [ [ X bracis-28365 14 2 26 26 NUM bracis-28365 14 3 ] ] PUNCT bracis-28365 14 4 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 14 5 but but CCONJ bracis-28365 14 6 also also ADV bracis-28365 14 7 minimizing minimize VERB bracis-28365 14 8 the the DET bracis-28365 14 9 lack lack NOUN bracis-28365 14 10 of of ADP bracis-28365 14 11 quality quality NOUN bracis-28365 14 12 due due ADP bracis-28365 14 13 to to ADP bracis-28365 14 14 poor poor ADJ bracis-28365 14 15 conditions condition NOUN bracis-28365 14 16 of of ADP bracis-28365 14 17 schools school NOUN bracis-28365 14 18 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 14 19 the the DET bracis-28365 14 20 unavailability unavailability NOUN bracis-28365 14 21 of of ADP bracis-28365 14 22 adequately adequately ADV bracis-28365 14 23 trained train VERB bracis-28365 14 24 teachers teacher NOUN bracis-28365 14 25 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 15 1 in in ADP bracis-28365 15 2 2011 2011 NUM bracis-28365 15 3 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 15 4 the the DET bracis-28365 15 5 deployment deployment NOUN bracis-28365 15 6 of of ADP bracis-28365 15 7 massive massive ADJ bracis-28365 15 8 open open ADJ bracis-28365 15 9 online online ADJ bracis-28365 15 10 courses course NOUN bracis-28365 15 11 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 15 12 moocs mooc NOUN bracis-28365 15 13 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 15 14 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 15 15 such such ADJ bracis-28365 15 16 as as ADP bracis-28365 15 17 edx edx PROPN bracis-28365 15 18 consortium consortium PROPN bracis-28365 15 19 [ [ X bracis-28365 15 20 8 8 NUM bracis-28365 15 21 ] ] PUNCT bracis-28365 15 22 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 15 23 coursera coursera NOUN bracis-28365 15 24 [ [ X bracis-28365 15 25 19 19 NUM bracis-28365 15 26 ] ] PUNCT bracis-28365 15 27 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 15 28 exploded explode VERB bracis-28365 15 29 around around ADP bracis-28365 15 30 the the DET bracis-28365 15 31 world world NOUN bracis-28365 15 32 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 15 33 rapidly rapidly ADV bracis-28365 15 34 became become VERB bracis-28365 15 35 the the DET bracis-28365 15 36 current current ADJ bracis-28365 15 37 trend trend NOUN bracis-28365 15 38 for for ADP bracis-28365 15 39 online online ADJ bracis-28365 15 40 learning learning NOUN bracis-28365 16 1 [ [ X bracis-28365 16 2 25 25 NUM bracis-28365 16 3 ] ] PUNCT bracis-28365 16 4 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 16 5 available available ADJ bracis-28365 16 6 to to ADP bracis-28365 16 7 all all DET bracis-28365 16 8 those those PRON bracis-28365 16 9 who who PRON bracis-28365 16 10 wish wish VERB bracis-28365 16 11 to to PART bracis-28365 16 12 learn learn VERB bracis-28365 16 13 regardless regardless ADV bracis-28365 16 14 of of ADP bracis-28365 16 15 educational educational ADJ bracis-28365 16 16 background background NOUN bracis-28365 16 17 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 16 18 individual individual ADJ bracis-28365 16 19 needs need NOUN bracis-28365 16 20 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 17 1 despite despite SCONJ bracis-28365 17 2 their their PRON bracis-28365 17 3 importance importance NOUN bracis-28365 17 4 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 17 5 a a DET bracis-28365 17 6 high high ADJ bracis-28365 17 7 degree degree NOUN bracis-28365 17 8 of of ADP bracis-28365 17 9 interest interest NOUN bracis-28365 17 10 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 17 11 there there PRON bracis-28365 17 12 are be VERB bracis-28365 17 13 significant significant ADJ bracis-28365 17 14 limitations limitation NOUN bracis-28365 17 15 of of ADP bracis-28365 17 16 moving move VERB bracis-28365 17 17 from from ADP bracis-28365 17 18 open open ADJ bracis-28365 17 19 content content NOUN bracis-28365 17 20 towards towards ADP bracis-28365 17 21 open open ADJ bracis-28365 17 22 educational educational ADJ bracis-28365 17 23 practices practice NOUN bracis-28365 17 24 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 17 25 as as SCONJ bracis-28365 17 26 described describe VERB bracis-28365 17 27 by by ADP bracis-28365 17 28 [ [ X bracis-28365 17 29 12 12 NUM bracis-28365 17 30 ] ] PUNCT bracis-28365 17 31 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 18 1 since since SCONJ bracis-28365 18 2 online online ADJ bracis-28365 18 3 courses course NOUN bracis-28365 18 4 are be AUX bracis-28365 18 5 based base VERB bracis-28365 18 6 on on ADP bracis-28365 18 7 “ " PUNCT bracis-28365 18 8 static static ADJ bracis-28365 18 9 ” " PUNCT bracis-28365 18 10 learning learning NOUN bracis-28365 18 11 material material NOUN bracis-28365 18 12 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 18 13 i.e. i.e. X bracis-28365 18 14 one one NUM bracis-28365 18 15 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 18 16 size size NOUN bracis-28365 18 17 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 18 18 fits fit VERB bracis-28365 18 19 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 18 20 all all DET bracis-28365 18 21 program program NOUN bracis-28365 18 22 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 18 23 content content NOUN bracis-28365 18 24 [ [ X bracis-28365 18 25 29 29 NUM bracis-28365 18 26 ] ] PUNCT bracis-28365 18 27 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 18 28 it it PRON bracis-28365 18 29 is be AUX bracis-28365 18 30 not not PART bracis-28365 18 31 straightforward straightforward ADJ bracis-28365 18 32 to to PART bracis-28365 18 33 assess assess VERB bracis-28365 18 34 learning learn VERB bracis-28365 18 35 with with ADP bracis-28365 18 36 those those DET bracis-28365 18 37 great great ADJ bracis-28365 18 38 number number NOUN bracis-28365 18 39 of of ADP bracis-28365 18 40 students student NOUN bracis-28365 18 41 who who PRON bracis-28365 18 42 differ differ VERB bracis-28365 18 43 considerably considerably ADV bracis-28365 18 44 in in ADP bracis-28365 18 45 their their PRON bracis-28365 18 46 educational educational ADJ bracis-28365 18 47 background background NOUN bracis-28365 18 48 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 18 49 engagement engagement NOUN bracis-28365 18 50 styles style NOUN bracis-28365 18 51 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 18 52 cognitive cognitive ADJ bracis-28365 18 53 skills skill NOUN bracis-28365 18 54 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 18 55 which which PRON bracis-28365 18 56 might might AUX bracis-28365 18 57 merely merely ADV bracis-28365 18 58 lead lead VERB bracis-28365 18 59 to to ADP bracis-28365 18 60 surface surface NOUN bracis-28365 18 61 learning learning NOUN bracis-28365 18 62 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 19 1 in in ADP bracis-28365 19 2 this this DET bracis-28365 19 3 spirit spirit NOUN bracis-28365 19 4 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 19 5 machine machine NOUN bracis-28365 19 6 learning learning NOUN bracis-28365 19 7 plays play VERB bracis-28365 19 8 an an DET bracis-28365 19 9 important important ADJ bracis-28365 19 10 role role NOUN bracis-28365 19 11 to to PART bracis-28365 19 12 open open VERB bracis-28365 19 13 up up ADP bracis-28365 19 14 the the DET bracis-28365 19 15 “ " PUNCT bracis-28365 19 16 black black ADJ bracis-28365 19 17 box box NOUN bracis-28365 19 18 of of ADP bracis-28365 19 19 learning learning PROPN bracis-28365 19 20 ” " PUNCT bracis-28365 19 21 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 19 22 giving give VERB bracis-28365 19 23 us we PRON bracis-28365 19 24 deeper deep ADJ bracis-28365 19 25 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 19 26 fine fine ADV bracis-28365 19 27 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 19 28 grained grain VERB bracis-28365 19 29 understandings understanding NOUN bracis-28365 19 30 of of ADP bracis-28365 19 31 how how SCONJ bracis-28365 19 32 learning learning NOUN bracis-28365 19 33 actually actually ADV bracis-28365 19 34 happens happen VERB bracis-28365 19 35 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 19 36 creating create VERB bracis-28365 19 37 a a DET bracis-28365 19 38 relevant relevant ADJ bracis-28365 19 39 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 19 40 transformative transformative ADJ bracis-28365 19 41 approach approach NOUN bracis-28365 19 42 for for ADP bracis-28365 19 43 making make VERB bracis-28365 19 44 the the DET bracis-28365 19 45 education education NOUN bracis-28365 19 46 both both CCONJ bracis-28365 19 47 universally universally ADV bracis-28365 19 48 available available ADJ bracis-28365 19 49 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 19 50 more more ADV bracis-28365 19 51 relevant relevant ADJ bracis-28365 19 52 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 20 1 this this DET bracis-28365 20 2 paper paper NOUN bracis-28365 20 3 aims aim VERB bracis-28365 20 4 to to PART bracis-28365 20 5 address address VERB bracis-28365 20 6 these these DET bracis-28365 20 7 aforementioned aforementioned ADJ bracis-28365 20 8 challenges challenge NOUN bracis-28365 20 9 by by ADP bracis-28365 20 10 proposing propose VERB bracis-28365 20 11 an an DET bracis-28365 20 12 explainable explainable ADJ bracis-28365 20 13 machine machine NOUN bracis-28365 20 14 learning learn VERB bracis-28365 20 15 algorithm algorithm NOUN bracis-28365 20 16 for for ADP bracis-28365 20 17 personalizing personalize VERB bracis-28365 20 18 web web NOUN bracis-28365 20 19 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 20 20 based base VERB bracis-28365 20 21 education education NOUN bracis-28365 20 22 systems system NOUN bracis-28365 20 23 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 21 1 the the DET bracis-28365 21 2 key key ADJ bracis-28365 21 3 feature feature NOUN bracis-28365 21 4 of of ADP bracis-28365 21 5 the the DET bracis-28365 21 6 method method NOUN bracis-28365 21 7 is be AUX bracis-28365 21 8 automatically automatically ADV bracis-28365 21 9 tailoring tailor VERB bracis-28365 21 10 the the DET bracis-28365 21 11 content content NOUN bracis-28365 21 12 to to ADP bracis-28365 21 13 the the DET bracis-28365 21 14 proficiency proficiency NOUN bracis-28365 21 15 level level NOUN bracis-28365 21 16 of of ADP bracis-28365 21 17 the the DET bracis-28365 21 18 examinees examinee NOUN bracis-28365 21 19 by by ADP bracis-28365 21 20 using use VERB bracis-28365 21 21 an an DET bracis-28365 21 22 unsupervised unsupervised ADJ bracis-28365 21 23 deep deep ADJ bracis-28365 21 24 learning learning NOUN bracis-28365 21 25 algorithm algorithm NOUN bracis-28365 21 26 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 21 27 such such ADJ bracis-28365 21 28 that that SCONJ bracis-28365 21 29 the the DET bracis-28365 21 30 next next ADJ bracis-28365 21 31 item item NOUN bracis-28365 21 32 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 21 33 or or CCONJ bracis-28365 21 34 set set VERB bracis-28365 21 35 of of ADP bracis-28365 21 36 items item NOUN bracis-28365 21 37 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 21 38 selected select VERB bracis-28365 21 39 to to PART bracis-28365 21 40 be be AUX bracis-28365 21 41 administered administer VERB bracis-28365 21 42 is be AUX bracis-28365 21 43 optimally optimally ADV bracis-28365 21 44 informative informative ADJ bracis-28365 21 45 for for ADP bracis-28365 21 46 a a DET bracis-28365 21 47 given give VERB bracis-28365 21 48 person person NOUN bracis-28365 21 49 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 22 1 the the DET bracis-28365 22 2 items item NOUN bracis-28365 22 3 ’ ' PUNCT bracis-28365 22 4 personalized personalized ADJ bracis-28365 22 5 recommendations recommendation NOUN bracis-28365 22 6 are be AUX bracis-28365 22 7 elicited elicit VERB bracis-28365 22 8 by by ADP bracis-28365 22 9 using use VERB bracis-28365 22 10 an an DET bracis-28365 22 11 post post X bracis-28365 22 12 hoc hoc X bracis-28365 22 13 explanation explanation NOUN bracis-28365 22 14 approach approach NOUN bracis-28365 22 15 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 23 1 this this DET bracis-28365 23 2 paper paper NOUN bracis-28365 23 3 is be AUX bracis-28365 23 4 structured structure VERB bracis-28365 23 5 as as SCONJ bracis-28365 23 6 follows follow VERB bracis-28365 23 7 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 23 8 sect sect NOUN bracis-28365 23 9 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 23 10     SPACE bracis-28365 24 1 2 2 NUM bracis-28365 24 2 presents present VERB bracis-28365 24 3 some some DET bracis-28365 24 4 related related ADJ bracis-28365 24 5 work work NOUN bracis-28365 24 6 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 25 1 section section NOUN bracis-28365 25 2     SPACE bracis-28365 25 3 3 3 NUM bracis-28365 25 4 presents present VERB bracis-28365 25 5 the the DET bracis-28365 25 6 problem problem NOUN bracis-28365 25 7 formulation formulation NOUN bracis-28365 25 8 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 25 9 describes describe VERB bracis-28365 25 10 the the DET bracis-28365 25 11 proposed propose VERB bracis-28365 25 12 method method NOUN bracis-28365 25 13 to to PART bracis-28365 25 14 deal deal VERB bracis-28365 25 15 with with ADP bracis-28365 25 16 personalized personalized ADJ bracis-28365 25 17 learning learning NOUN bracis-28365 25 18 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 26 1 section section NOUN bracis-28365 26 2     SPACE bracis-28365 26 3 4 4 NUM bracis-28365 26 4 explains explain VERB bracis-28365 26 5 the the DET bracis-28365 26 6 scenario scenario NOUN bracis-28365 26 7 of of ADP bracis-28365 26 8 the the DET bracis-28365 26 9 simulations simulation NOUN bracis-28365 26 10 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 26 11 results result NOUN bracis-28365 26 12 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 27 1 section section NOUN bracis-28365 27 2     SPACE bracis-28365 27 3 5 5 NUM bracis-28365 27 4 presents present VERB bracis-28365 27 5 some some DET bracis-28365 27 6 results result NOUN bracis-28365 27 7 on on ADP bracis-28365 27 8 the the DET bracis-28365 27 9 analysis analysis NOUN bracis-28365 27 10 of of ADP bracis-28365 27 11 real real ADJ bracis-28365 27 12 data datum NOUN bracis-28365 27 13 from from ADP bracis-28365 27 14 a a DET bracis-28365 27 15 national national ADJ bracis-28365 27 16 exam exam NOUN bracis-28365 27 17 for for ADP bracis-28365 27 18 students student NOUN bracis-28365 27 19 in in ADP bracis-28365 27 20 brazil brazil PROPN bracis-28365 27 21 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 28 1 section section NOUN bracis-28365 28 2     SPACE bracis-28365 28 3 6 6 NUM bracis-28365 28 4 discusses discusse NOUN bracis-28365 28 5 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 28 6 concludes conclude VERB bracis-28365 28 7 the the DET bracis-28365 28 8 paper paper NOUN bracis-28365 28 9 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 29 1 2 2 NUM bracis-28365 29 2 related related ADJ bracis-28365 29 3 work work NOUN bracis-28365 29 4 one one NUM bracis-28365 29 5 of of ADP bracis-28365 29 6 the the DET bracis-28365 29 7 most most ADV bracis-28365 29 8 important important ADJ bracis-28365 29 9 latent latent ADJ bracis-28365 29 10 variable variable ADJ bracis-28365 29 11 models model NOUN bracis-28365 29 12 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 29 13 the the DET bracis-28365 29 14 item item NOUN bracis-28365 29 15 response response NOUN bracis-28365 29 16 theory theory NOUN bracis-28365 29 17 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 29 18 irt irt PROPN bracis-28365 29 19 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 29 20 models model NOUN bracis-28365 29 21 [ [ X bracis-28365 29 22 15 15 NUM bracis-28365 29 23 ] ] PUNCT bracis-28365 29 24 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 29 25 have have AUX bracis-28365 29 26 been be AUX bracis-28365 29 27 very very ADV bracis-28365 29 28 successful successful ADJ bracis-28365 29 29 in in ADP bracis-28365 29 30 educational educational ADJ bracis-28365 29 31 research research NOUN bracis-28365 29 32 [ [ X bracis-28365 29 33 23 23 NUM bracis-28365 29 34 ] ] PUNCT bracis-28365 29 35 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 30 1 in in ADP bracis-28365 30 2 this this DET bracis-28365 30 3 context context NOUN bracis-28365 30 4 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 30 5 latent latent NOUN bracis-28365 30 6 traits trait NOUN bracis-28365 30 7 refer refer VERB bracis-28365 30 8 to to ADP bracis-28365 30 9 unobservable unobservable ADJ bracis-28365 30 10 characteristics characteristic NOUN bracis-28365 30 11 of of ADP bracis-28365 30 12 individuals individual NOUN bracis-28365 30 13 that that PRON bracis-28365 30 14 may may AUX bracis-28365 30 15 influence influence VERB bracis-28365 30 16 their their PRON bracis-28365 30 17 performance performance NOUN bracis-28365 30 18 in in ADP bracis-28365 30 19 educational educational ADJ bracis-28365 30 20 settings setting NOUN bracis-28365 30 21 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 31 1 by by ADP bracis-28365 31 2 considering consider VERB bracis-28365 31 3 those those DET bracis-28365 31 4 abilities ability NOUN bracis-28365 31 5 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 31 6 it it PRON bracis-28365 31 7 is be AUX bracis-28365 31 8 possible possible ADJ bracis-28365 31 9 to to PART bracis-28365 31 10 gain gain VERB bracis-28365 31 11 insights insight NOUN bracis-28365 31 12 into into ADP bracis-28365 31 13 the the DET bracis-28365 31 14 complex complex ADJ bracis-28365 31 15 interplay interplay NOUN bracis-28365 31 16 between between ADP bracis-28365 31 17 individual individual ADJ bracis-28365 31 18 differences difference NOUN bracis-28365 31 19 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 31 20 educational educational ADJ bracis-28365 31 21 outcomes outcome NOUN bracis-28365 31 22 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 31 23 item item NOUN bracis-28365 31 24 responses response NOUN bracis-28365 31 25 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 31 26 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 31 27 allowing allow VERB bracis-28365 31 28 for for ADP bracis-28365 31 29 more more ADV bracis-28365 31 30 targeted target VERB bracis-28365 31 31 interventions intervention NOUN bracis-28365 31 32 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 31 33 instructional instructional ADJ bracis-28365 31 34 approaches approach NOUN bracis-28365 31 35 tailored tailor VERB bracis-28365 31 36 to to ADP bracis-28365 31 37 students student NOUN bracis-28365 31 38 ’ ' PUNCT bracis-28365 31 39 unique unique ADJ bracis-28365 31 40 needs need NOUN bracis-28365 31 41 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 31 42 characteristics characteristic NOUN bracis-28365 31 43 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 32 1 considering consider VERB bracis-28365 32 2 the the DET bracis-28365 32 3 rich rich ADJ bracis-28365 32 4 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 32 5 broad broad ADJ bracis-28365 32 6 corpus corpus NOUN bracis-28365 32 7 of of ADP bracis-28365 32 8 findings finding NOUN bracis-28365 32 9 devoted devote VERB bracis-28365 32 10 to to PART bracis-28365 32 11 irt irt VERB bracis-28365 32 12 models model NOUN bracis-28365 32 13 [ [ X bracis-28365 32 14 22 22 NUM bracis-28365 32 15 ] ] PUNCT bracis-28365 32 16 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 32 17 the the DET bracis-28365 32 18 two two NUM bracis-28365 32 19 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 32 20 parameter parameter NOUN bracis-28365 32 21 logistic logistic NOUN bracis-28365 32 22 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 32 23 2pl 2pl ADJ bracis-28365 32 24 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 33 1 [ [ X bracis-28365 33 2 7 7 X bracis-28365 33 3 ] ] PUNCT bracis-28365 33 4 is be AUX bracis-28365 33 5 one one NUM bracis-28365 33 6 of of ADP bracis-28365 33 7 the the DET bracis-28365 33 8 most most ADV bracis-28365 33 9 prominent prominent ADJ bracis-28365 33 10 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 34 1 let let VERB bracis-28365 34 2 a a DET bracis-28365 34 3 response response NOUN bracis-28365 34 4 of of ADP bracis-28365 34 5 a a DET bracis-28365 34 6 person person NOUN bracis-28365 34 7 j j NOUN bracis-28365 34 8 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 34 9 \(j=1,\ldots \(j=1,\ldot NOUN bracis-28365 34 10 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 34 11 n\ n\ NOUN bracis-28365 34 12 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 34 13 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 34 14 to to ADP bracis-28365 34 15 the the DET bracis-28365 34 16 item item NOUN bracis-28365 34 17 i i PRON bracis-28365 34 18 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 34 19 \(i \(i X bracis-28365 34 20 = = SYM bracis-28365 34 21 1,\ldots 1,\ldots NUM bracis-28365 34 22 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 34 23 i\ i\ NOUN bracis-28365 34 24 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 34 25 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 34 26 be be AUX bracis-28365 34 27 represented represent VERB bracis-28365 34 28 by by ADP bracis-28365 34 29 a a DET bracis-28365 34 30 stochastic stochastic ADJ bracis-28365 34 31 vector vector NOUN bracis-28365 34 32 \(\textbf{x}_{j \(\textbf{x}_{j NOUN bracis-28365 34 33 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 34 34 = = SYM bracis-28365 34 35 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 34 36 x_{1j},x_{2j},\ldots x_{1j},x_{2j},\ldot NOUN bracis-28365 34 37 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 34 38 x_{ij})\ x_{ij})\ X bracis-28365 34 39 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 34 40 with with ADP bracis-28365 34 41 elements element NOUN bracis-28365 34 42 $ $ SYM bracis-28365 34 43 $ $ SYM bracis-28365 34 44 \begin{aligned \begin{aligne VERB bracis-28365 34 45 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 34 46 x_{ij x_{ij NOUN bracis-28365 34 47 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 34 48 = = SYM bracis-28365 34 49 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 34 50 \left\ \left\ PROPN bracis-28365 34 51 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 34 52 \begin{array}{ll \begin{array}{ll PROPN bracis-28365 34 53 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 34 54 1 1 NUM bracis-28365 34 55 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 34 56 & & CCONJ bracis-28365 34 57 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 34 58 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 34 59 \text \text ADV bracis-28365 34 60 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 34 61 if if SCONJ bracis-28365 34 62 person person NOUN bracis-28365 34 63 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 34 64 j j PROPN bracis-28365 35 1 \text \text ADV bracis-28365 35 2 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 35 3 gives give VERB bracis-28365 35 4 a a DET bracis-28365 35 5 correct correct ADJ bracis-28365 35 6 response response NOUN bracis-28365 35 7 in in ADP bracis-28365 35 8 item item NOUN bracis-28365 35 9 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 35 10 i i PRON bracis-28365 35 11 \\ \\ NOUN bracis-28365 35 12 0 0 NUM bracis-28365 35 13 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 35 14 & & CCONJ bracis-28365 35 15 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 35 16 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 35 17 \text \text ADV bracis-28365 35 18 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 35 19 otherwise otherwise ADV bracis-28365 35 20 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 35 21 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 36 1 \end{array}\right \end{array}\right PROPN bracis-28365 36 2 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 36 3 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 36 4 \end{aligned}$$ \end{aligned}$$ X bracis-28365 36 5 selecting select VERB bracis-28365 36 6 a a DET bracis-28365 36 7 response response NOUN bracis-28365 36 8 alternative alternative NOUN bracis-28365 36 9 is be AUX bracis-28365 36 10 the the DET bracis-28365 36 11 result result NOUN bracis-28365 36 12 of of ADP bracis-28365 36 13 the the DET bracis-28365 36 14 complex complex ADJ bracis-28365 36 15 interaction interaction NOUN bracis-28365 36 16 between between ADP bracis-28365 36 17 the the DET bracis-28365 36 18 characteristics characteristic NOUN bracis-28365 36 19 of of ADP bracis-28365 36 20 the the DET bracis-28365 36 21 test test NOUN bracis-28365 36 22 item item NOUN bracis-28365 36 23 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 36 24 the the DET bracis-28365 36 25 latent latent NOUN bracis-28365 36 26 trait trait NOUN bracis-28365 36 27 of of ADP bracis-28365 36 28 the the DET bracis-28365 36 29 person person NOUN bracis-28365 36 30 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 36 31 \(y_j\ \(y_j\ PROPN bracis-28365 36 32 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 36 33 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 36 34 which which PRON bracis-28365 36 35 is be AUX bracis-28365 36 36 commonly commonly ADV bracis-28365 36 37 known know VERB bracis-28365 36 38 as as ADP bracis-28365 36 39 ‘ ' PUNCT bracis-28365 36 40 ability ability NOUN bracis-28365 36 41 ’ ' PUNCT bracis-28365 36 42 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 36 43 or or CCONJ bracis-28365 36 44 proficiency proficiency NOUN bracis-28365 36 45 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 36 46 in in ADP bracis-28365 36 47 the the DET bracis-28365 36 48 framework framework NOUN bracis-28365 36 49 of of ADP bracis-28365 36 50 educational educational ADJ bracis-28365 36 51 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 36 52 psychological psychological ADJ bracis-28365 36 53 measurement measurement NOUN bracis-28365 36 54 [ [ X bracis-28365 36 55 23 23 NUM bracis-28365 36 56 ] ] PUNCT bracis-28365 36 57 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 37 1 the the DET bracis-28365 37 2 probability probability NOUN bracis-28365 37 3 of of ADP bracis-28365 37 4 a a DET bracis-28365 37 5 correct correct ADJ bracis-28365 37 6 response response NOUN bracis-28365 37 7 for for ADP bracis-28365 37 8 an an DET bracis-28365 37 9 item item NOUN bracis-28365 37 10 i i PRON bracis-28365 37 11 by by ADP bracis-28365 37 12 individual individual PROPN bracis-28365 37 13 j j PROPN bracis-28365 37 14 \((x_{ij \((x_{ij PROPN bracis-28365 37 15 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 37 16 = = SYM bracis-28365 37 17 1)\ 1)\ NUM bracis-28365 37 18 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 37 19 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 37 20 is be AUX bracis-28365 37 21 given give VERB bracis-28365 37 22 by by ADP bracis-28365 37 23 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 37 24 $ $ SYM bracis-28365 37 25 $ $ SYM bracis-28365 37 26 \begin{aligned \begin{aligne VERB bracis-28365 37 27 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 37 28 p(x_{ij p(x_{ij NOUN bracis-28365 37 29 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 37 30 = = PUNCT bracis-28365 37 31 1 1 NUM bracis-28365 37 32 | | ADV bracis-28365 37 33 y_j y_j NUM bracis-28365 37 34 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 37 35 \mathbf \mathbf PROPN bracis-28365 37 36 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 37 37 \theta \theta PROPN bracis-28365 37 38 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 37 39 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 37 40 = = SYM bracis-28365 37 41 \frac{e^{\left \frac{e^{\left PROPN bracis-28365 37 42 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 37 43 w_i w_i PROPN bracis-28365 37 44 y_j y_j SYM bracis-28365 37 45 a_i\right a_i\right PROPN bracis-28365 37 46 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 37 47 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 37 48 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 37 49 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 37 50 1 1 NUM bracis-28365 37 51 + + NUM bracis-28365 37 52 e^{\left e^{\left NOUN bracis-28365 37 53 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 37 54 w_i w_i PROPN bracis-28365 37 55 y_j y_j SYM bracis-28365 37 56 a_i\right a_i\right PROPN bracis-28365 37 57 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 37 58 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 37 59 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 37 60 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 37 61 \end{aligned}$$ \end{aligned}$$ X bracis-28365 37 62 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 37 63 1 1 NUM bracis-28365 37 64 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 37 65 where where SCONJ bracis-28365 37 66 \(\mathbf \(\mathbf VERB bracis-28365 37 67 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 37 68 \theta \theta PROPN bracis-28365 37 69 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 37 70 = = SYM bracis-28365 37 71 \left \left PROPN bracis-28365 37 72 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 37 73 \textbf{w \textbf{w NOUN bracis-28365 37 74 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 37 75 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 37 76 \textbf{a}\right \textbf{a}\right NUM bracis-28365 37 77 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 37 78 \ \ NOUN bracis-28365 37 79 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 37 80 groups group NOUN bracis-28365 37 81 the the DET bracis-28365 37 82 model model NOUN bracis-28365 37 83 parameters parameter NOUN bracis-28365 37 84 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 38 1 \(\textbf{w \(\textbf{w ADJ bracis-28365 38 2 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 38 3 = = SYM bracis-28365 38 4 \left \left PROPN bracis-28365 38 5 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 38 6 w_1,\ldots w_1,\ldot NOUN bracis-28365 38 7 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 38 8 w_i\right w_i\right PROPN bracis-28365 38 9 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 38 10 \ \ NOUN bracis-28365 38 11 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 38 12 is be AUX bracis-28365 38 13 the the DET bracis-28365 38 14 vector vector NOUN bracis-28365 38 15 of of ADP bracis-28365 38 16 items item NOUN bracis-28365 38 17 discrimination discrimination NOUN bracis-28365 38 18 parameters parameter NOUN bracis-28365 38 19 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 38 20 which which PRON bracis-28365 38 21 reflects reflect VERB bracis-28365 38 22 the the DET bracis-28365 38 23 capability capability NOUN bracis-28365 38 24 of of ADP bracis-28365 38 25 a a DET bracis-28365 38 26 generic generic ADJ bracis-28365 38 27 item item NOUN bracis-28365 38 28 i i PRON bracis-28365 38 29 to to PART bracis-28365 38 30 discriminate discriminate VERB bracis-28365 38 31 between between ADP bracis-28365 38 32 individuals individual NOUN bracis-28365 38 33 with with ADP bracis-28365 38 34 different different ADJ bracis-28365 38 35 levels level NOUN bracis-28365 38 36 of of ADP bracis-28365 38 37 ability ability NOUN bracis-28365 38 38 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 39 1 the the DET bracis-28365 39 2 difficulty difficulty NOUN bracis-28365 39 3 parameters parameter NOUN bracis-28365 39 4 of of ADP bracis-28365 39 5 the the DET bracis-28365 39 6 items item NOUN bracis-28365 39 7 are be AUX bracis-28365 39 8 \(d_i \(d_i PROPN bracis-28365 39 9 = = SYM bracis-28365 39 10 a_i a_i PROPN bracis-28365 39 11 / / SYM bracis-28365 39 12 w_i\ w_i\ NOUN bracis-28365 39 13 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 39 14 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 40 1 in in ADP bracis-28365 40 2 irt irt PROPN bracis-28365 40 3 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 40 4 each each DET bracis-28365 40 5 item item NOUN bracis-28365 40 6 is be AUX bracis-28365 40 7 assumed assume VERB bracis-28365 40 8 to to PART bracis-28365 40 9 have have VERB bracis-28365 40 10 its its PRON bracis-28365 40 11 own own ADJ bracis-28365 40 12 unique unique ADJ bracis-28365 40 13 item item NOUN bracis-28365 40 14 characteristic characteristic ADJ bracis-28365 40 15 curve curve NOUN bracis-28365 40 16 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 40 17 icc icc PROPN bracis-28365 40 18 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 40 19 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 40 20 it it PRON bracis-28365 40 21 provides provide VERB bracis-28365 40 22 valuable valuable ADJ bracis-28365 40 23 information information NOUN bracis-28365 40 24 about about ADP bracis-28365 40 25 the the DET bracis-28365 40 26 properties property NOUN bracis-28365 40 27 of of ADP bracis-28365 40 28 an an DET bracis-28365 40 29 item item NOUN bracis-28365 40 30 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 41 1 the the DET bracis-28365 41 2 left left ADJ bracis-28365 41 3 panel panel NOUN bracis-28365 41 4 of of ADP bracis-28365 41 5 fig fig NOUN bracis-28365 41 6 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 41 7     SPACE bracis-28365 42 1 1 1 NUM bracis-28365 42 2 presents present VERB bracis-28365 42 3 three three NUM bracis-28365 42 4 examples example NOUN bracis-28365 42 5 of of ADP bracis-28365 42 6 iccs iccs NOUN bracis-28365 42 7 with with ADP bracis-28365 42 8 varying vary VERB bracis-28365 42 9 w w NOUN bracis-28365 42 10 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 42 11 parameters parameter NOUN bracis-28365 42 12 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 42 13 the the DET bracis-28365 42 14 right right ADJ bracis-28365 42 15 panel panel NOUN bracis-28365 42 16 presents present VERB bracis-28365 42 17 iccs iccs NOUN bracis-28365 42 18 with with ADP bracis-28365 42 19 varying vary VERB bracis-28365 42 20 a a DET bracis-28365 42 21 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 42 22 parameters parameter NOUN bracis-28365 42 23 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 43 1 greater great ADJ bracis-28365 43 2 values value NOUN bracis-28365 43 3 of of ADP bracis-28365 43 4 w w PROPN bracis-28365 43 5 represent represent VERB bracis-28365 43 6 curves curve NOUN bracis-28365 43 7 with with ADP bracis-28365 43 8 higher high ADJ bracis-28365 43 9 slopes slope NOUN bracis-28365 43 10 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 44 1 therefore therefore ADV bracis-28365 44 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 44 3 even even ADV bracis-28365 44 4 individuals individual NOUN bracis-28365 44 5 with with ADP bracis-28365 44 6 almost almost ADV bracis-28365 44 7 the the DET bracis-28365 44 8 same same ADJ bracis-28365 44 9 latent latent NOUN bracis-28365 44 10 traits trait NOUN bracis-28365 44 11 will will AUX bracis-28365 44 12 be be AUX bracis-28365 44 13 well well ADV bracis-28365 44 14 discriminated discriminate VERB bracis-28365 44 15 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 44 16 because because SCONJ bracis-28365 44 17 they they PRON bracis-28365 44 18 will will AUX bracis-28365 44 19 produce produce VERB bracis-28365 44 20 different different ADJ bracis-28365 44 21 response response NOUN bracis-28365 44 22 probabilities probability NOUN bracis-28365 44 23 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 45 1 on on ADP bracis-28365 45 2 the the DET bracis-28365 45 3 other other ADJ bracis-28365 45 4 hand hand NOUN bracis-28365 45 5 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 45 6 higher high ADJ bracis-28365 45 7 values value NOUN bracis-28365 45 8 of of ADP bracis-28365 45 9 a a DET bracis-28365 45 10 indicate indicate VERB bracis-28365 45 11 a a DET bracis-28365 45 12 proportionally proportionally ADV bracis-28365 45 13 higher high ADJ bracis-28365 45 14 level level NOUN bracis-28365 45 15 of of ADP bracis-28365 45 16 difficulty difficulty NOUN bracis-28365 45 17 of of ADP bracis-28365 45 18 the the DET bracis-28365 45 19 item item NOUN bracis-28365 45 20 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 45 21 since since SCONJ bracis-28365 45 22 greater great ADJ bracis-28365 45 23 latent latent NOUN bracis-28365 45 24 traits trait NOUN bracis-28365 45 25 are be AUX bracis-28365 45 26 needed need VERB bracis-28365 45 27 to to PART bracis-28365 45 28 obtain obtain VERB bracis-28365 45 29 \(p(x_{ij \(p(x_{ij NOUN bracis-28365 45 30 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 45 31 = = NUM bracis-28365 45 32 1| 1| NUM bracis-28365 45 33 y_j y_j NUM bracis-28365 45 34 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 45 35 \mathbf \mathbf PROPN bracis-28365 45 36 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 45 37 \theta \theta PROPN bracis-28365 45 38 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 45 39 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 45 40 \ \ PROPN bracis-28365 45 41 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 45 42 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 46 1 fig fig NOUN bracis-28365 46 2 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 47 1 1 1 X bracis-28365 47 2 . . X bracis-28365 47 3 item item NOUN bracis-28365 47 4 characteristic characteristic ADJ bracis-28365 47 5 curves curve NOUN bracis-28365 47 6 for for ADP bracis-28365 47 7 the the DET bracis-28365 47 8 2pl 2pl ADJ bracis-28365 47 9 with with ADP bracis-28365 47 10 w w NOUN bracis-28365 47 11 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 47 12 parameters parameter NOUN bracis-28365 47 13 0.3 0.3 NUM bracis-28365 47 14 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 47 15     SPACE bracis-28365 47 16 1.0 1.0 NUM bracis-28365 47 17 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 47 18     SPACE bracis-28365 47 19 1.7 1.7 NUM bracis-28365 47 20 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 47 21 left leave VERB bracis-28365 47 22 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 47 23 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 47 24 a a DET bracis-28365 47 25 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 47 26 parameters parameter NOUN bracis-28365 47 27 \(-1,0,1\ \(-1,0,1\ NOUN bracis-28365 47 28 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 47 29 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 47 30 right right NOUN bracis-28365 47 31 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 47 32 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 47 33 respectively respectively ADV bracis-28365 47 34 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 48 1 full full ADJ bracis-28365 48 2 size size NOUN bracis-28365 48 3 image image NOUN bracis-28365 48 4 while while SCONJ bracis-28365 48 5 the the DET bracis-28365 48 6 2pl 2pl NOUN bracis-28365 48 7 is be AUX bracis-28365 48 8 often often ADV bracis-28365 48 9 easy easy ADJ bracis-28365 48 10 to to PART bracis-28365 48 11 comprehend comprehend VERB bracis-28365 48 12 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 48 13 interpret interpret VERB bracis-28365 48 14 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 48 15 can can AUX bracis-28365 48 16 have have VERB bracis-28365 48 17 various various ADJ bracis-28365 48 18 important important ADJ bracis-28365 48 19 measurement measurement NOUN bracis-28365 48 20 properties property NOUN bracis-28365 48 21 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 48 22 the the DET bracis-28365 48 23 complexities complexity NOUN bracis-28365 48 24 of of ADP bracis-28365 48 25 the the DET bracis-28365 48 26 brain brain NOUN bracis-28365 48 27 are be AUX bracis-28365 48 28 even even ADV bracis-28365 48 29 more more ADV bracis-28365 48 30 challenging challenging ADJ bracis-28365 48 31 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 49 1 many many ADJ bracis-28365 49 2 pieces piece NOUN bracis-28365 49 3 of of ADP bracis-28365 49 4 knowledge knowledge NOUN bracis-28365 49 5 with with ADP bracis-28365 49 6 different different ADJ bracis-28365 49 7 “ " PUNCT bracis-28365 49 8 wiring wiring NOUN bracis-28365 49 9 ” " PUNCT bracis-28365 49 10 are be AUX bracis-28365 49 11 required require VERB bracis-28365 49 12 to to PART bracis-28365 49 13 identify identify VERB bracis-28365 49 14 the the DET bracis-28365 49 15 correct correct ADJ bracis-28365 49 16 response response NOUN bracis-28365 49 17 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 50 1 for for ADP bracis-28365 50 2 example example NOUN bracis-28365 50 3 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 50 4 the the DET bracis-28365 50 5 paper paper NOUN bracis-28365 50 6 [ [ X bracis-28365 50 7 27 27 NUM bracis-28365 50 8 ] ] AUX bracis-28365 50 9 describes describe VERB bracis-28365 50 10 fourth fourth ADJ bracis-28365 50 11 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 50 12 grade grade NOUN bracis-28365 50 13 reading reading NOUN bracis-28365 50 14 as as SCONJ bracis-28365 50 15 follows follow VERB bracis-28365 50 16 “ " PUNCT bracis-28365 50 17 reading read VERB bracis-28365 50 18 includes include VERB bracis-28365 50 19 developing develop VERB bracis-28365 50 20 a a DET bracis-28365 50 21 general general ADJ bracis-28365 50 22 understanding understanding NOUN bracis-28365 50 23 of of ADP bracis-28365 50 24 written write VERB bracis-28365 50 25 text text NOUN bracis-28365 50 26 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 50 27 thinking think VERB bracis-28365 50 28 about about ADP bracis-28365 50 29 texts text NOUN bracis-28365 50 30 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 50 31 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 50 32 using use VERB bracis-28365 50 33 texts text NOUN bracis-28365 50 34 for for ADP bracis-28365 50 35 different different ADJ bracis-28365 50 36 purposes purpose NOUN bracis-28365 50 37 ” " PUNCT bracis-28365 50 38 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 50 39 while while SCONJ bracis-28365 50 40 [ [ X bracis-28365 50 41 9 9 NUM bracis-28365 50 42 ] ] PUNCT bracis-28365 50 43 have have AUX bracis-28365 50 44 identified identify VERB bracis-28365 50 45 15 15 NUM bracis-28365 50 46 factors factor NOUN bracis-28365 50 47 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 50 48 dimensions dimension NOUN bracis-28365 50 49 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 50 50 related relate VERB bracis-28365 50 51 to to ADP bracis-28365 50 52 language language NOUN bracis-28365 50 53 ability ability NOUN bracis-28365 50 54 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 51 1 in in ADP bracis-28365 51 2 recent recent ADJ bracis-28365 51 3 years year NOUN bracis-28365 51 4 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 51 5 the the DET bracis-28365 51 6 study study NOUN bracis-28365 51 7 of of ADP bracis-28365 51 8 nervous nervous ADJ bracis-28365 51 9 systems system NOUN bracis-28365 51 10 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 51 11 minds mind NOUN bracis-28365 51 12 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 51 13 other other ADJ bracis-28365 51 14 complex complex ADJ bracis-28365 51 15 phenomena phenomenon NOUN bracis-28365 51 16 through through ADP bracis-28365 51 17 artificial artificial ADJ bracis-28365 51 18 intelligence intelligence NOUN bracis-28365 51 19 systems system NOUN bracis-28365 51 20 has have AUX bracis-28365 51 21 shown show VERB bracis-28365 51 22 a a DET bracis-28365 51 23 successful successful ADJ bracis-28365 51 24 performance performance NOUN bracis-28365 51 25 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 51 26 defined define VERB bracis-28365 51 27 state state NOUN bracis-28365 51 28 of of ADP bracis-28365 51 29 the the DET bracis-28365 51 30 art art NOUN bracis-28365 51 31 results result NOUN bracis-28365 51 32 in in ADP bracis-28365 51 33 many many ADJ bracis-28365 51 34 fields field NOUN bracis-28365 51 35 [ [ X bracis-28365 51 36 11 11 NUM bracis-28365 51 37 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 51 38 24 24 NUM bracis-28365 51 39 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 51 40 32 32 NUM bracis-28365 51 41 ] ] PUNCT bracis-28365 51 42 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 52 1 furthermore furthermore ADV bracis-28365 52 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 52 3 there there PRON bracis-28365 52 4 is be VERB bracis-28365 52 5 an an DET bracis-28365 52 6 increasing increase VERB bracis-28365 52 7 effort effort NOUN bracis-28365 52 8 to to PART bracis-28365 52 9 apply apply VERB bracis-28365 52 10 such such ADJ bracis-28365 52 11 methods method NOUN bracis-28365 52 12 to to ADP bracis-28365 52 13 problems problem NOUN bracis-28365 52 14 in in ADP bracis-28365 52 15 psychometry psychometry NOUN bracis-28365 52 16 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 52 17 education education NOUN bracis-28365 52 18 [ [ X bracis-28365 52 19 18 18 NUM bracis-28365 52 20 ] ] PUNCT bracis-28365 52 21 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 53 1 however however ADV bracis-28365 53 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 53 3 for for ADP bracis-28365 53 4 the the DET bracis-28365 53 5 greater great ADJ bracis-28365 53 6 part part NOUN bracis-28365 53 7 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 53 8 this this DET bracis-28365 53 9 attention attention NOUN bracis-28365 53 10 is be AUX bracis-28365 53 11 focused focus VERB bracis-28365 53 12 only only ADV bracis-28365 53 13 on on ADP bracis-28365 53 14 predicting predict VERB bracis-28365 53 15 student student NOUN bracis-28365 53 16 performance performance NOUN bracis-28365 53 17 by by ADP bracis-28365 53 18 using use VERB bracis-28365 53 19 classification classification NOUN bracis-28365 53 20 techniques technique NOUN bracis-28365 53 21 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 53 22 such such ADJ bracis-28365 53 23 as as ADP bracis-28365 53 24 support support NOUN bracis-28365 53 25 vector vector NOUN bracis-28365 53 26 machines machine NOUN bracis-28365 53 27 [ [ X bracis-28365 53 28 14 14 NUM bracis-28365 53 29 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 53 30 41 41 NUM bracis-28365 53 31 ] ] PUNCT bracis-28365 53 32 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 53 33 or or CCONJ bracis-28365 53 34 by by ADP bracis-28365 53 35 matrix matrix NOUN bracis-28365 53 36 factorization factorization NOUN bracis-28365 53 37 [ [ X bracis-28365 53 38 36 36 NUM bracis-28365 53 39 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 53 40 38 38 NUM bracis-28365 53 41 ] ] PUNCT bracis-28365 53 42 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 53 43 etc etc X bracis-28365 53 44 . . X bracis-28365 54 1 furthermore furthermore ADV bracis-28365 54 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 54 3 these these DET bracis-28365 54 4 algorithms algorithm NOUN bracis-28365 54 5 often often ADV bracis-28365 54 6 act act VERB bracis-28365 54 7 as as ADP bracis-28365 54 8 a a DET bracis-28365 54 9 “ " PUNCT bracis-28365 54 10 black black ADJ bracis-28365 54 11 box box NOUN bracis-28365 54 12 ” " PUNCT bracis-28365 54 13 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 54 14 do do AUX bracis-28365 54 15 not not PART bracis-28365 54 16 provide provide VERB bracis-28365 54 17 detailed detailed ADJ bracis-28365 54 18 information information NOUN bracis-28365 54 19 about about ADP bracis-28365 54 20 the the DET bracis-28365 54 21 reasons reason NOUN bracis-28365 54 22 for for ADP bracis-28365 54 23 a a DET bracis-28365 54 24 given give VERB bracis-28365 54 25 decision decision NOUN bracis-28365 54 26 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 55 1 the the DET bracis-28365 55 2 field field NOUN bracis-28365 55 3 of of ADP bracis-28365 55 4 explainable explainable ADJ bracis-28365 55 5 ai ai NOUN bracis-28365 55 6 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 55 7 xai xai PROPN bracis-28365 55 8 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 55 9 has have AUX bracis-28365 55 10 produced produce VERB bracis-28365 55 11 an an DET bracis-28365 55 12 abundance abundance NOUN bracis-28365 55 13 of of ADP bracis-28365 55 14 explanation explanation NOUN bracis-28365 55 15 techniques technique NOUN bracis-28365 55 16 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 55 17 from from ADP bracis-28365 55 18 the the DET bracis-28365 55 19 simplest simple ADJ bracis-28365 55 20 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 55 21 such such ADJ bracis-28365 55 22 as as ADP bracis-28365 55 23 intrinsically intrinsically ADV bracis-28365 55 24 interpretable interpretable ADJ bracis-28365 55 25 models model NOUN bracis-28365 55 26 [ [ X bracis-28365 55 27 10 10 NUM bracis-28365 55 28 ] ] PUNCT bracis-28365 55 29 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 55 30 to to ADP bracis-28365 55 31 more more ADV bracis-28365 55 32 sophisticated sophisticated ADJ bracis-28365 55 33 ones one NOUN bracis-28365 55 34 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 55 35 which which PRON bracis-28365 55 36 assign assign VERB bracis-28365 55 37 a a DET bracis-28365 55 38 local local ADJ bracis-28365 55 39 interpretation interpretation NOUN bracis-28365 55 40 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 55 41 according accord VERB bracis-28365 55 42 to to ADP bracis-28365 55 43 the the DET bracis-28365 55 44 specific specific ADJ bracis-28365 55 45 characteristics characteristic NOUN bracis-28365 55 46 of of ADP bracis-28365 55 47 the the DET bracis-28365 55 48 input input NOUN bracis-28365 55 49 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 56 1 among among ADP bracis-28365 56 2 them they PRON bracis-28365 56 3 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 56 4 one one NUM bracis-28365 56 5 of of ADP bracis-28365 56 6 the the DET bracis-28365 56 7 most most ADV bracis-28365 56 8 prominent prominent ADJ bracis-28365 56 9 is be AUX bracis-28365 56 10 the the DET bracis-28365 56 11 layer layer NOUN bracis-28365 56 12 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 56 13 wise wise ADJ bracis-28365 56 14 relevance relevance NOUN bracis-28365 56 15 propagation propagation NOUN bracis-28365 56 16 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 56 17 lrp lrp PROPN bracis-28365 56 18 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 57 1 [ [ X bracis-28365 57 2 4 4 NUM bracis-28365 57 3 ] ] PUNCT bracis-28365 57 4 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 58 1 it it PRON bracis-28365 58 2 belongs belong VERB bracis-28365 58 3 to to ADP bracis-28365 58 4 the the DET bracis-28365 58 5 propagation propagation NOUN bracis-28365 58 6 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 58 7 based base VERB bracis-28365 58 8 class class NOUN bracis-28365 58 9 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 58 10 which which PRON bracis-28365 58 11 assumes assume VERB bracis-28365 58 12 that that SCONJ bracis-28365 58 13 the the DET bracis-28365 58 14 prediction prediction NOUN bracis-28365 58 15 was be AUX bracis-28365 58 16 produced produce VERB bracis-28365 58 17 by by ADP bracis-28365 58 18 a a DET bracis-28365 58 19 neural neural ADJ bracis-28365 58 20 network network NOUN bracis-28365 58 21 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 58 22 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 58 23 takes take VERB bracis-28365 58 24 advantage advantage NOUN bracis-28365 58 25 of of ADP bracis-28365 58 26 this this DET bracis-28365 58 27 structure structure NOUN bracis-28365 58 28 to to PART bracis-28365 58 29 produce produce VERB bracis-28365 58 30 an an DET bracis-28365 58 31 explanation explanation NOUN bracis-28365 58 32 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 58 33 starting start VERB bracis-28365 58 34 from from ADP bracis-28365 58 35 the the DET bracis-28365 58 36 last last ADJ bracis-28365 58 37 layer layer NOUN bracis-28365 58 38 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 58 39 backtracking backtrack VERB bracis-28365 58 40 to to ADP bracis-28365 58 41 the the DET bracis-28365 58 42 initial initial ADJ bracis-28365 58 43 [ [ X bracis-28365 58 44 33 33 NUM bracis-28365 58 45 ] ] PUNCT bracis-28365 58 46 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 59 1 that that PRON bracis-28365 59 2 is be AUX bracis-28365 59 3 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 59 4 from from ADP bracis-28365 59 5 the the DET bracis-28365 59 6 weights weight NOUN bracis-28365 59 7 of of ADP bracis-28365 59 8 the the DET bracis-28365 59 9 network network NOUN bracis-28365 59 10 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 59 11 its its PRON bracis-28365 59 12 activation activation NOUN bracis-28365 59 13 functions function NOUN bracis-28365 59 14 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 59 15 the the DET bracis-28365 59 16 lrp lrp PROPN bracis-28365 59 17 propagates propagate VERB bracis-28365 59 18 the the DET bracis-28365 59 19 contribution contribution NOUN bracis-28365 59 20 of of ADP bracis-28365 59 21 each each DET bracis-28365 59 22 neuron neuron NOUN bracis-28365 59 23 to to ADP bracis-28365 59 24 the the DET bracis-28365 59 25 input input NOUN bracis-28365 59 26 layer layer NOUN bracis-28365 59 27 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 60 1 nevertheless nevertheless ADV bracis-28365 60 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 60 3 so so ADV bracis-28365 60 4 far far ADV bracis-28365 60 5 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 60 6 research research NOUN bracis-28365 60 7 on on ADP bracis-28365 60 8 explanation explanation NOUN bracis-28365 60 9 methods method NOUN bracis-28365 60 10 has have AUX bracis-28365 60 11 mainly mainly ADV bracis-28365 60 12 concentrated concentrate VERB bracis-28365 60 13 on on ADP bracis-28365 60 14 supervised supervised ADJ bracis-28365 60 15 learning learning NOUN bracis-28365 60 16 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 61 1 in in ADP bracis-28365 61 2 a a DET bracis-28365 61 3 technical technical ADJ bracis-28365 61 4 sense sense NOUN bracis-28365 61 5 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 61 6 our our PRON bracis-28365 61 7 methodology methodology NOUN bracis-28365 61 8 can can AUX bracis-28365 61 9 be be AUX bracis-28365 61 10 seen see VERB bracis-28365 61 11 as as ADP bracis-28365 61 12 an an DET bracis-28365 61 13 extension extension NOUN bracis-28365 61 14 of of ADP bracis-28365 61 15 2pl 2pl ADJ bracis-28365 61 16 model model NOUN bracis-28365 61 17 by by ADP bracis-28365 61 18 considering consider VERB bracis-28365 61 19 more more ADJ bracis-28365 61 20 interaction interaction NOUN bracis-28365 61 21 layers layer NOUN bracis-28365 61 22 between between ADP bracis-28365 61 23 latent latent NOUN bracis-28365 61 24 abilities ability NOUN bracis-28365 61 25 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 61 26 modeled model VERB bracis-28365 61 27 by by ADP bracis-28365 61 28 a a DET bracis-28365 61 29 deep deep ADJ bracis-28365 61 30 boltzmann boltzmann PROPN bracis-28365 61 31 machine machine NOUN bracis-28365 61 32 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 62 1 furthermore furthermore ADV bracis-28365 62 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 62 3 it it PRON bracis-28365 62 4 is be AUX bracis-28365 62 5 a a DET bracis-28365 62 6 new new ADJ bracis-28365 62 7 framework framework NOUN bracis-28365 62 8 that that PRON bracis-28365 62 9 can can AUX bracis-28365 62 10 explain explain VERB bracis-28365 62 11 an an DET bracis-28365 62 12 unsupervised unsupervised ADJ bracis-28365 62 13 model model NOUN bracis-28365 62 14 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 62 15 such such ADJ bracis-28365 62 16 as as ADP bracis-28365 62 17 2pl 2pl ADJ bracis-28365 62 18 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 62 19 rewritten rewrite VERB bracis-28365 62 20 as as ADP bracis-28365 62 21 neural neural ADJ bracis-28365 62 22 networks network NOUN bracis-28365 62 23 or or CCONJ bracis-28365 62 24 “ " PUNCT bracis-28365 62 25 neuralizing neuralize VERB bracis-28365 62 26 it it PRON bracis-28365 62 27 ” " PUNCT bracis-28365 62 28 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 62 29 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 62 30 then then ADV bracis-28365 62 31 applying apply VERB bracis-28365 62 32 a a DET bracis-28365 62 33 post post X bracis-28365 62 34 hoc hoc X bracis-28365 62 35 explanation explanation NOUN bracis-28365 62 36 such such ADJ bracis-28365 62 37 as as ADP bracis-28365 62 38 lrp lrp PROPN bracis-28365 62 39 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 63 1 3 3 NUM bracis-28365 63 2 proposed propose VERB bracis-28365 63 3 method method NOUN bracis-28365 63 4 over over ADP bracis-28365 63 5 the the DET bracis-28365 63 6 past past ADJ bracis-28365 63 7 several several ADJ bracis-28365 63 8 years year NOUN bracis-28365 63 9 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 63 10 big big ADJ bracis-28365 63 11 data datum NOUN bracis-28365 63 12 methods method NOUN bracis-28365 63 13 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 63 14 including include VERB bracis-28365 63 15 but but CCONJ bracis-28365 63 16 not not PART bracis-28365 63 17 limited limit VERB bracis-28365 63 18 to to ADP bracis-28365 63 19 the the DET bracis-28365 63 20 use use NOUN bracis-28365 63 21 of of ADP bracis-28365 63 22 machine machine NOUN bracis-28365 63 23 learning learning NOUN bracis-28365 63 24 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 63 25 ml ml NOUN bracis-28365 63 26 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 63 27 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 63 28 have have AUX bracis-28365 63 29 been be AUX bracis-28365 63 30 very very ADV bracis-28365 63 31 successful successful ADJ bracis-28365 63 32 in in ADP bracis-28365 63 33 computer computer NOUN bracis-28365 63 34 science science NOUN bracis-28365 63 35 applications application NOUN bracis-28365 63 36 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 63 37 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 63 38 there there PRON bracis-28365 63 39 is be VERB bracis-28365 63 40 increasing increase VERB bracis-28365 63 41 effort effort NOUN bracis-28365 63 42 to to PART bracis-28365 63 43 apply apply VERB bracis-28365 63 44 such such ADJ bracis-28365 63 45 methods method NOUN bracis-28365 63 46 to to ADP bracis-28365 63 47 problems problem NOUN bracis-28365 63 48 in in ADP bracis-28365 63 49 psychometry psychometry NOUN bracis-28365 63 50 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 63 51 education education NOUN bracis-28365 63 52 [ [ X bracis-28365 63 53 18 18 NUM bracis-28365 63 54 ] ] PUNCT bracis-28365 63 55 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 64 1 this this PRON bracis-28365 64 2 includes include VERB bracis-28365 64 3 methods method NOUN bracis-28365 64 4 that that PRON bracis-28365 64 5 have have VERB bracis-28365 64 6 a a DET bracis-28365 64 7 “ " PUNCT bracis-28365 64 8 deep deep ADJ bracis-28365 64 9 ” " PUNCT bracis-28365 64 10 architecture architecture NOUN bracis-28365 64 11 mimicking mimic VERB bracis-28365 64 12 the the DET bracis-28365 64 13 information information NOUN bracis-28365 64 14 representation representation NOUN bracis-28365 64 15 structure structure NOUN bracis-28365 64 16 in in ADP bracis-28365 64 17 human human ADJ bracis-28365 64 18 brains brain NOUN bracis-28365 64 19 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 65 1 recently recently ADV bracis-28365 65 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 65 3 deep deep ADJ bracis-28365 65 4 boltzmann boltzmann PROPN bracis-28365 65 5 machines machine NOUN bracis-28365 65 6 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 65 7 dbms dbms PROPN bracis-28365 65 8 [ [ X bracis-28365 65 9 31 31 NUM bracis-28365 65 10 ] ] PUNCT bracis-28365 65 11 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 65 12 have have AUX bracis-28365 65 13 risen rise VERB bracis-28365 65 14 to to ADP bracis-28365 65 15 prominence prominence NOUN bracis-28365 65 16 due due ADP bracis-28365 65 17 to to ADP bracis-28365 65 18 their their PRON bracis-28365 65 19 capacity capacity NOUN bracis-28365 65 20 of of ADP bracis-28365 65 21 learning learn VERB bracis-28365 65 22 efficient efficient ADJ bracis-28365 65 23 representations representation NOUN bracis-28365 65 24 of of ADP bracis-28365 65 25 seemingly seemingly ADV bracis-28365 65 26 complex complex ADJ bracis-28365 65 27 data datum NOUN bracis-28365 65 28 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 66 1 dbm dbm PROPN bracis-28365 66 2 is be AUX bracis-28365 66 3 a a DET bracis-28365 66 4 probabilistic probabilistic ADJ bracis-28365 66 5 undirected undirected ADJ bracis-28365 66 6 graphical graphical ADJ bracis-28365 66 7 model model NOUN bracis-28365 66 8 of of ADP bracis-28365 66 9 interconnected interconnected ADJ bracis-28365 66 10 units unit NOUN bracis-28365 66 11 that that PRON bracis-28365 66 12 learn learn VERB bracis-28365 66 13 a a DET bracis-28365 66 14 joint joint ADJ bracis-28365 66 15 probability probability NOUN bracis-28365 66 16 density density NOUN bracis-28365 66 17 over over ADP bracis-28365 66 18 these these DET bracis-28365 66 19 units unit NOUN bracis-28365 66 20 by by ADP bracis-28365 66 21 adapting adapt VERB bracis-28365 66 22 connections connection NOUN bracis-28365 66 23 between between ADP bracis-28365 66 24 them they PRON bracis-28365 66 25 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 67 1 formally formally ADV bracis-28365 67 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 67 3 a a DET bracis-28365 67 4 dbm dbm NOUN bracis-28365 67 5 can can AUX bracis-28365 67 6 be be AUX bracis-28365 67 7 used use VERB bracis-28365 67 8 to to PART bracis-28365 67 9 specify specify VERB bracis-28365 67 10 the the DET bracis-28365 67 11 relation relation NOUN bracis-28365 67 12 between between ADP bracis-28365 67 13 the the DET bracis-28365 67 14 level level NOUN bracis-28365 67 15 of of ADP bracis-28365 67 16 a a DET bracis-28365 67 17 latent latent NOUN bracis-28365 67 18 trait trait NOUN bracis-28365 67 19 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 67 20 item item NOUN bracis-28365 67 21 responses response NOUN bracis-28365 67 22 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 67 23 as as SCONJ bracis-28365 67 24 follows follow VERB bracis-28365 67 25 $ $ SYM bracis-28365 67 26 $ $ SYM bracis-28365 67 27 \begin{aligned \begin{aligne VERB bracis-28365 67 28 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 67 29 p\left p\left ADJ bracis-28365 67 30 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 67 31 \textbf{x},\textbf{y \textbf{x},\textbf{y PROPN bracis-28365 67 32 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 67 33 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 67 34 z;\mathbf z;\mathbf PROPN bracis-28365 67 35 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 67 36 \theta \theta PROPN bracis-28365 67 37 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 67 38 \right \right PROPN bracis-28365 67 39 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 67 40 = = PUNCT bracis-28365 67 41 & & CCONJ bracis-28365 67 42 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 67 43 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 67 44 \frac{e^{-f(\textbf{x},\textbf{y \frac{e^{-f(\textbf{x},\textbf{y PROPN bracis-28365 67 45 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 67 46 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 67 47 z;\mathbf z;\mathbf PROPN bracis-28365 67 48 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 67 49 \theta \theta PROPN bracis-28365 67 50 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 67 51 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 67 52 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 67 53 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 67 54 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 67 55 g},\\ g},\\ NOUN bracis-28365 67 56 g g NOUN bracis-28365 67 57 = = SYM bracis-28365 67 58 & & CCONJ bracis-28365 67 59 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 67 60 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 67 61 \displaystyle \displaystyle PROPN bracis-28365 67 62 \int \int NOUN bracis-28365 67 63 e^{-f(\textbf{x},\textbf{y e^{-f(\textbf{x},\textbf{y PROPN bracis-28365 67 64 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 67 65 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 67 66 z;\mathbf z;\mathbf PROPN bracis-28365 67 67 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 67 68 \theta \theta PROPN bracis-28365 67 69 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 67 70 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 67 71 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 68 1 \text \text ADP bracis-28365 68 2 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 68 3 d}\textbf{x d}\textbf{x PROPN bracis-28365 68 4 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 68 5 \text \text PROPN bracis-28365 68 6 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 68 7 d}\textbf{y d}\textbf{y PROPN bracis-28365 68 8 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 68 9 \text \text PROPN bracis-28365 68 10 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 68 11 d}z d}z PROPN bracis-28365 68 12 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 68 13 \nonumber \nonumber PROPN bracis-28365 68 14 \end{aligned}$$ \end{aligned}$$ X bracis-28365 68 15 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 68 16 2 2 NUM bracis-28365 68 17 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 68 18 where where SCONJ bracis-28365 68 19 \(\textbf{x}\ \(\textbf{x}\ X bracis-28365 68 20 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 68 21 are be AUX bracis-28365 68 22 the the DET bracis-28365 68 23 item item NOUN bracis-28365 68 24 responses response NOUN bracis-28365 68 25 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 68 26 \(\textbf{y}\ \(\textbf{y}\ PUNCT bracis-28365 68 27 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 68 28 is be AUX bracis-28365 68 29 the the DET bracis-28365 68 30 first first ADJ bracis-28365 68 31 hidden hide VERB bracis-28365 68 32 layer layer NOUN bracis-28365 68 33 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 68 34 m m NOUN bracis-28365 68 35 - - ADJ bracis-28365 68 36 dimensional dimensional ADJ bracis-28365 68 37 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 68 38 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 68 39 z z NOUN bracis-28365 68 40 is be AUX bracis-28365 68 41 the the DET bracis-28365 68 42 second second ADJ bracis-28365 68 43 hidden hide VERB bracis-28365 68 44 layer layer NOUN bracis-28365 68 45 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 68 46 unidimensional unidimensional ADJ bracis-28365 68 47 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 68 48 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 69 1 the the DET bracis-28365 69 2 term term NOUN bracis-28365 69 3 in in ADP bracis-28365 69 4 the the DET bracis-28365 69 5 denominator denominator NOUN bracis-28365 69 6 is be AUX bracis-28365 69 7 called call VERB bracis-28365 69 8 the the DET bracis-28365 69 9 partition partition NOUN bracis-28365 69 10 function function NOUN bracis-28365 69 11 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 69 12 which which PRON bracis-28365 69 13 normalizes normalize VERB bracis-28365 69 14 the the DET bracis-28365 69 15 probability probability NOUN bracis-28365 69 16 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-28365 69 17 by by ADP bracis-28365 69 18 integrating integrate VERB bracis-28365 69 19 over over ADP bracis-28365 69 20 all all DET bracis-28365 69 21 possible possible ADJ bracis-28365 69 22 values value NOUN bracis-28365 69 23 of of ADP bracis-28365 69 24 \(\textbf{x}\ \(\textbf{x}\ NOUN bracis-28365 69 25 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 69 26 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 69 27 \(\textbf{y}\ \(\textbf{y}\ NUM bracis-28365 69 28 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 69 29 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 69 30 z z NOUN bracis-28365 69 31 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 69 32 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 69 33 $ $ SYM bracis-28365 69 34 $ $ SYM bracis-28365 69 35 \begin{aligned \begin{aligne VERB bracis-28365 69 36 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 69 37 f(\textbf{x},\textbf{y f(\textbf{x},\textbf{y PROPN bracis-28365 69 38 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 69 39 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 69 40 z;\mathbf z;\mathbf PROPN bracis-28365 69 41 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 69 42 \theta \theta PROPN bracis-28365 69 43 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 69 44 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 70 1 = = PRON bracis-28365 70 2 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 70 3 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 70 4 & & CCONJ bracis-28365 70 5 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 70 6 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 70 7 \frac{1}{2 \frac{1}{2 NOUN bracis-28365 70 8 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 70 9 \left \left PROPN bracis-28365 70 10 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 70 11 \textbf{y \textbf{y PROPN bracis-28365 70 12 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 70 13 \textbf{b}\right \textbf{b}\right NUM bracis-28365 70 14 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 70 15 ^t\mathbf ^t\mathbf NOUN bracis-28365 70 16 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 70 17 \sigma \sigma PROPN bracis-28365 70 18 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 70 19 \left \left PROPN bracis-28365 70 20 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 70 21 \textbf{y \textbf{y PROPN bracis-28365 70 22 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 70 23 \textbf{b}\right \textbf{b}\right PRON bracis-28365 70 24 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 70 25 ^t ^t ADP bracis-28365 70 26 \textbf{y}\mathbf \textbf{y}\mathbf PUNCT bracis-28365 70 27 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 70 28 \sigma \sigma PROPN bracis-28365 70 29 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 70 30 ^{1/2 ^{1/2 ADJ bracis-28365 70 31 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 70 32 \textbf{w \textbf{w ADV bracis-28365 70 33 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 70 34 \textbf{x \textbf{x NOUN bracis-28365 70 35 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 70 36 \\ \\ NOUN bracis-28365 70 37 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 70 38 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 70 39 + + CCONJ bracis-28365 70 40 & & CCONJ bracis-28365 70 41 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 70 42 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 70 43 \frac{1}{2 \frac{1}{2 NOUN bracis-28365 70 44 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 70 45 \frac{\left \frac{\left NOUN bracis-28365 70 46 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 70 47 z z NOUN bracis-28365 70 48 c\right c\right ADJ bracis-28365 70 49 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 70 50 ^2}{\sigma ^2}{\sigma PUNCT bracis-28365 70 51 ^2 ^2 ADP bracis-28365 70 52 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 70 53 \frac{z}{\sigma \frac{z}{\sigma PUNCT bracis-28365 70 54 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 70 55 \textbf{v \textbf{v NOUN bracis-28365 70 56 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 70 57 \textbf{y \textbf{y PROPN bracis-28365 70 58 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 70 59 \textbf{x}^t \textbf{x}^t NOUN bracis-28365 70 60 \textbf{a \textbf{a NOUN bracis-28365 70 61 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 70 62 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 70 63 \end{aligned}$$ \end{aligned}$$ VERB bracis-28365 70 64 where where SCONJ bracis-28365 70 65 \(\mathbf \(\mathbf VERB bracis-28365 70 66 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 70 67 \theta \theta PROPN bracis-28365 70 68 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 70 69 = = SYM bracis-28365 70 70 \left \left PROPN bracis-28365 70 71 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 70 72 \mathbf \mathbf PROPN bracis-28365 70 73 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 70 74 \sigma \sigma PROPN bracis-28365 70 75 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 70 76 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 70 77 \textbf{w \textbf{w NOUN bracis-28365 70 78 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 70 79 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 70 80 \textbf{v},\textbf{a},\textbf{b \textbf{v},\textbf{a},\textbf{b X bracis-28365 70 81 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 70 82 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 70 83 c c PROPN bracis-28365 70 84 \right \right PROPN bracis-28365 70 85 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 70 86 \ \ NOUN bracis-28365 70 87 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 70 88 groups group NOUN bracis-28365 70 89 the the DET bracis-28365 70 90 model model NOUN bracis-28365 70 91 parameters parameter NOUN bracis-28365 70 92 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 71 1 \(\textbf{w \(\textbf{w ADJ bracis-28365 71 2 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 71 3 \in \in PROPN bracis-28365 71 4 m\times m\times PROPN bracis-28365 71 5 i\ i\ NOUN bracis-28365 71 6 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 71 7 corresponds correspond VERB bracis-28365 71 8 to to ADP bracis-28365 71 9 the the DET bracis-28365 71 10 items item NOUN bracis-28365 71 11 discrimination discrimination NOUN bracis-28365 71 12 parameters parameter NOUN bracis-28365 71 13 matrix matrix NOUN bracis-28365 71 14 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 71 15 the the DET bracis-28365 71 16 slope slope NOUN bracis-28365 71 17 of of ADP bracis-28365 71 18 the the DET bracis-28365 71 19 surface surface NOUN bracis-28365 71 20 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 71 21 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 72 1 the the DET bracis-28365 72 2 parameters parameter NOUN bracis-28365 72 3 b b PROPN bracis-28365 72 4 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 72 5 c c PROPN bracis-28365 72 6 are be AUX bracis-28365 72 7 the the DET bracis-28365 72 8 bias bias NOUN bracis-28365 72 9 into into ADP bracis-28365 72 10 hidden hidden ADJ bracis-28365 72 11 units unit NOUN bracis-28365 72 12 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 73 1 \(\mathbf \(\mathbf PROPN bracis-28365 73 2 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 73 3 \sigma \sigma PROPN bracis-28365 73 4 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 73 5 \ \ NOUN bracis-28365 73 6 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 73 7 is be AUX bracis-28365 73 8 a a DET bracis-28365 73 9 diagonal diagonal ADJ bracis-28365 73 10 matrix matrix NOUN bracis-28365 73 11 of of ADP bracis-28365 73 12 precisions precision NOUN bracis-28365 73 13 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 74 1 figure figure NOUN bracis-28365 74 2     SPACE bracis-28365 74 3 2 2 NUM bracis-28365 74 4 shows show VERB bracis-28365 74 5 how how SCONJ bracis-28365 74 6 the the DET bracis-28365 74 7 variables variable NOUN bracis-28365 74 8 are be AUX bracis-28365 74 9 interconnected interconnect VERB bracis-28365 74 10 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 75 1 the the DET bracis-28365 75 2 standard standard ADJ bracis-28365 75 3 2pl 2pl ADJ bracis-28365 75 4 model model NOUN bracis-28365 75 5 corresponds correspond VERB bracis-28365 75 6 to to ADP bracis-28365 75 7 having have VERB bracis-28365 75 8 one one NUM bracis-28365 75 9 unique unique ADJ bracis-28365 75 10 output output NOUN bracis-28365 75 11 \(y_1\ \(y_1\ NOUN bracis-28365 75 12 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 75 13 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 76 1 the the DET bracis-28365 76 2 dbm dbm PROPN bracis-28365 76 3 extends extend VERB bracis-28365 76 4 this this DET bracis-28365 76 5 model model NOUN bracis-28365 76 6 by by ADP bracis-28365 76 7 allowing allow VERB bracis-28365 76 8 more more ADJ bracis-28365 76 9 output output NOUN bracis-28365 76 10 dimensions dimension NOUN bracis-28365 76 11 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 76 12 \(y_2\ \(y_2\ PROPN bracis-28365 76 13 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 76 14 to to ADP bracis-28365 76 15 \(y_m\ \(y_m\ NOUN bracis-28365 76 16 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 76 17 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 76 18 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 76 19 also also ADV bracis-28365 76 20 by by ADP bracis-28365 76 21 providing provide VERB bracis-28365 76 22 a a DET bracis-28365 76 23 combined combined ADJ bracis-28365 76 24 view view NOUN bracis-28365 76 25 of of ADP bracis-28365 76 26 those those DET bracis-28365 76 27 dimensions dimension NOUN bracis-28365 76 28 in in ADP bracis-28365 76 29 z. z. PROPN bracis-28365 76 30 fig fig PROPN bracis-28365 76 31 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 77 1 2 2 X bracis-28365 77 2 . . X bracis-28365 77 3 relationship relationship NOUN bracis-28365 77 4 between between ADP bracis-28365 77 5 variables variable NOUN bracis-28365 77 6 in in ADP bracis-28365 77 7 the the DET bracis-28365 77 8 dbm dbm PROPN bracis-28365 77 9 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 78 1 full full ADJ bracis-28365 78 2 size size NOUN bracis-28365 78 3 image image NOUN bracis-28365 78 4 almost almost ADV bracis-28365 78 5 all all DET bracis-28365 78 6 models model NOUN bracis-28365 78 7 for for ADP bracis-28365 78 8 latent latent NOUN bracis-28365 78 9 traits trait NOUN bracis-28365 78 10 have have VERB bracis-28365 78 11 unidentified unidentified ADJ bracis-28365 78 12 parameters parameter NOUN bracis-28365 78 13 due due ADJ bracis-28365 78 14 to to ADP bracis-28365 78 15 scale scale NOUN bracis-28365 78 16 invariance invariance NOUN bracis-28365 78 17 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 78 18 this this PRON bracis-28365 78 19 occurs occur VERB bracis-28365 78 20 because because SCONJ bracis-28365 78 21 of of ADP bracis-28365 78 22 overparametrization overparametrization NOUN bracis-28365 78 23 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 79 1 to to PART bracis-28365 79 2 rule rule VERB bracis-28365 79 3 out out ADP bracis-28365 79 4 it it PRON bracis-28365 79 5 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 79 6 we we PRON bracis-28365 79 7 fixed fix VERB bracis-28365 79 8 the the DET bracis-28365 79 9 matrix matrix NOUN bracis-28365 79 10 of of ADP bracis-28365 79 11 precisions precision NOUN bracis-28365 79 12 to to ADP bracis-28365 79 13 the the DET bracis-28365 79 14 identity identity NOUN bracis-28365 79 15 matrix matrix NOUN bracis-28365 79 16 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 79 17 as as ADP bracis-28365 79 18 in in ADP bracis-28365 79 19 [ [ X bracis-28365 79 20 6 6 NUM bracis-28365 79 21 ] ] PUNCT bracis-28365 79 22 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 80 1 many many ADJ bracis-28365 80 2 other other ADJ bracis-28365 80 3 impressive impressive ADJ bracis-28365 80 4 results result NOUN bracis-28365 80 5 fixing fix VERB bracis-28365 80 6 those those DET bracis-28365 80 7 parameters parameter NOUN bracis-28365 80 8 to to ADP bracis-28365 80 9 unity unity NOUN bracis-28365 80 10 have have AUX bracis-28365 80 11 been be AUX bracis-28365 80 12 published publish VERB bracis-28365 80 13 [ [ PUNCT bracis-28365 80 14 16 16 NUM bracis-28365 80 15 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 80 16 20 20 NUM bracis-28365 80 17 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 80 18 30 30 NUM bracis-28365 80 19 ] ] PUNCT bracis-28365 80 20 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 81 1 the the DET bracis-28365 81 2 probability probability NOUN bracis-28365 81 3 of of ADP bracis-28365 81 4 the the DET bracis-28365 81 5 latent latent NOUN bracis-28365 81 6 traits trait NOUN bracis-28365 81 7 is be AUX bracis-28365 81 8 given give VERB bracis-28365 81 9 by by ADP bracis-28365 81 10 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 81 11 $ $ SYM bracis-28365 81 12 $ $ SYM bracis-28365 81 13 \begin{aligned \begin{aligne VERB bracis-28365 81 14 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 81 15 p p NOUN bracis-28365 81 16 \left \left PROPN bracis-28365 81 17 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 81 18 y y NOUN bracis-28365 81 19 = = SYM bracis-28365 81 20 y y PROPN bracis-28365 81 21 | | ADV bracis-28365 81 22 \textbf{x \textbf{x NOUN bracis-28365 81 23 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 81 24 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 81 25 z;\mathbf z;\mathbf PROPN bracis-28365 81 26 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 81 27 \theta \theta PROPN bracis-28365 81 28 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 81 29 \right \right PROPN bracis-28365 81 30 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 81 31 = = PUNCT bracis-28365 81 32 & & CCONJ bracis-28365 81 33 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 81 34 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 81 35 \mathcal \mathcal ADJ bracis-28365 81 36 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 81 37 n}_r\left n}_r\left PROPN bracis-28365 81 38 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 81 39 \textbf{y \textbf{y PROPN bracis-28365 81 40 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 81 41 | | ADV bracis-28365 81 42 \textbf{w}\textbf{x \textbf{w}\textbf{x ADJ bracis-28365 81 43 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 81 44 + + NUM bracis-28365 81 45 \frac{\textbf{v}^tz}{\sigma \frac{\textbf{v}^tz}{\sigma NOUN bracis-28365 81 46 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 81 47 + + CCONJ bracis-28365 82 1 b b X bracis-28365 82 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 82 3 \textbf{i}_m \textbf{i}_m ADJ bracis-28365 82 4 \right \right NOUN bracis-28365 82 5 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 82 6 \end{aligned}$$ \end{aligned}$$ X bracis-28365 82 7 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 82 8 3 3 NUM bracis-28365 82 9 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 82 10 $ $ SYM bracis-28365 82 11 $ $ SYM bracis-28365 82 12 \begin{aligned \begin{aligne VERB bracis-28365 82 13 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 82 14 p p NOUN bracis-28365 82 15 \left \left PROPN bracis-28365 82 16 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 82 17 z z NOUN bracis-28365 82 18 = = SYM bracis-28365 82 19 z z NOUN bracis-28365 82 20 | | ADV bracis-28365 82 21 \textbf{y};\mathbf \textbf{y};\mathbf VERB bracis-28365 82 22 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 82 23 \theta \theta PROPN bracis-28365 82 24 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 82 25 \right \right PROPN bracis-28365 82 26 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 82 27 = = PUNCT bracis-28365 82 28 & & CCONJ bracis-28365 82 29 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 82 30 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 82 31 \mathcal \mathcal PROPN bracis-28365 82 32 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 82 33 n}\left n}\left PROPN bracis-28365 82 34 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 82 35 z|\textbf{v}\textbf{y z|\textbf{v}\textbf{y NUM bracis-28365 82 36 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 82 37 + + CCONJ bracis-28365 83 1 c c X bracis-28365 83 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 83 3 \sigma \sigma PROPN bracis-28365 83 4 ^2\right ^2\right NUM bracis-28365 83 5 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 83 6 \end{aligned}$$ \end{aligned}$$ X bracis-28365 83 7 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 83 8 4 4 NUM bracis-28365 83 9 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 83 10 where where SCONJ bracis-28365 83 11 \(\mathcal \(\mathcal ADJ bracis-28365 83 12 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 83 13 n}(\cdot n}(\cdot NOUN bracis-28365 83 14 | | ADV bracis-28365 83 15 \mu \mu PROPN bracis-28365 83 16 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 83 17 \sigma \sigma PROPN bracis-28365 83 18 ^2)\ ^2)\ ADV bracis-28365 83 19 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 83 20 denotes denote VERB bracis-28365 83 21 the the DET bracis-28365 83 22 gaussian gaussian ADJ bracis-28365 83 23 probability probability NOUN bracis-28365 83 24 density density NOUN bracis-28365 83 25 function function NOUN bracis-28365 83 26 with with ADP bracis-28365 83 27 mean mean NOUN bracis-28365 83 28 \(\mu \(\mu PROPN bracis-28365 83 29 \ \ NOUN bracis-28365 83 30 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 83 31 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 83 32 variance variance NOUN bracis-28365 83 33 \(\sigma \(\sigma NOUN bracis-28365 83 34 ^2\ ^2\ PROPN bracis-28365 83 35 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 83 36 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 83 37 \(\mathcal \(\mathcal ADJ bracis-28365 83 38 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 83 39 n}_r(\cdot n}_r(\cdot NOUN bracis-28365 83 40 | | ADV bracis-28365 83 41 \mu \mu NOUN bracis-28365 83 42 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 83 43 \sigma \sigma PROPN bracis-28365 83 44 ^2)\ ^2)\ ADV bracis-28365 83 45 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 83 46 denotes denote VERB bracis-28365 83 47 the the DET bracis-28365 83 48 rectified rectified ADJ bracis-28365 83 49 gaussian gaussian ADJ bracis-28365 83 50 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-28365 83 51 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 84 1 thus thus ADV bracis-28365 84 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 84 3 it it PRON bracis-28365 84 4 is be AUX bracis-28365 84 5 possible possible ADJ bracis-28365 84 6 to to PART bracis-28365 84 7 demonstrate demonstrate VERB bracis-28365 84 8 that that SCONJ bracis-28365 84 9 eq eq ADP bracis-28365 84 10 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 84 11     SPACE bracis-28365 84 12 2 2 NUM bracis-28365 84 13 is be AUX bracis-28365 84 14 structurally structurally ADV bracis-28365 84 15 similar similar ADJ bracis-28365 84 16 to to ADP bracis-28365 84 17 the the DET bracis-28365 84 18 expression expression NOUN bracis-28365 84 19 for for ADP bracis-28365 84 20 2pl 2pl ADJ bracis-28365 84 21 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 84 22 eq eq NOUN bracis-28365 84 23 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 84 24     SPACE bracis-28365 84 25 1 1 NUM bracis-28365 84 26 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 84 27 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 85 1 detailed detailed ADJ bracis-28365 85 2 proofs proof NOUN bracis-28365 85 3 of of ADP bracis-28365 85 4 these these DET bracis-28365 85 5 results result NOUN bracis-28365 85 6 are be AUX bracis-28365 85 7 given give VERB bracis-28365 85 8 in in ADP bracis-28365 85 9 the the DET bracis-28365 85 10 appendix appendix NOUN bracis-28365 85 11 1 1 NUM bracis-28365 85 12 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 86 1 this this PRON bracis-28365 86 2 is be AUX bracis-28365 86 3 a a DET bracis-28365 86 4 first first ADJ bracis-28365 86 5 result result NOUN bracis-28365 86 6 presented present VERB bracis-28365 86 7 in in ADP bracis-28365 86 8 this this DET bracis-28365 86 9 work work NOUN bracis-28365 86 10 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 86 11 that that ADV bracis-28365 86 12 is is ADV bracis-28365 86 13 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 86 14 that that PRON bracis-28365 86 15 dbms dbm NOUN bracis-28365 86 16 generalize generalize VERB bracis-28365 86 17 a a DET bracis-28365 86 18 2pl 2pl ADJ bracis-28365 86 19 model model NOUN bracis-28365 86 20 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 87 1 3.1 3.1 NUM bracis-28365 87 2 explaining explain VERB bracis-28365 87 3 dbms dbms PROPN bracis-28365 87 4 parameters parameter NOUN bracis-28365 87 5 in in ADP bracis-28365 87 6 contrast contrast NOUN bracis-28365 87 7 to to ADP bracis-28365 87 8 their their PRON bracis-28365 87 9 very very ADV bracis-28365 87 10 high high ADJ bracis-28365 87 11 flexibility flexibility NOUN bracis-28365 87 12 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 87 13 in in ADP bracis-28365 87 14 dbms dbms PROPN bracis-28365 87 15 it it PRON bracis-28365 87 16 is be AUX bracis-28365 87 17 often often ADV bracis-28365 87 18 difficult difficult ADJ bracis-28365 87 19 to to PART bracis-28365 87 20 estimate estimate VERB bracis-28365 87 21 the the DET bracis-28365 87 22 item item NOUN bracis-28365 87 23 parameters parameter NOUN bracis-28365 87 24 in in ADP bracis-28365 87 25 high high ADJ bracis-28365 87 26 dimensional dimensional ADJ bracis-28365 87 27 spaces space NOUN bracis-28365 87 28 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 87 29 provide provide VERB bracis-28365 87 30 a a DET bracis-28365 87 31 comprehensive comprehensive ADJ bracis-28365 87 32 explanation explanation NOUN bracis-28365 87 33 along along ADP bracis-28365 87 34 several several ADJ bracis-28365 87 35 dimensions dimension NOUN bracis-28365 87 36 of of ADP bracis-28365 87 37 knowledge knowledge NOUN bracis-28365 87 38 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 87 39 limiting limit VERB bracis-28365 87 40 their their PRON bracis-28365 87 41 broader broad ADJ bracis-28365 87 42 applicability applicability NOUN bracis-28365 87 43 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 88 1 this this DET bracis-28365 88 2 fact fact NOUN bracis-28365 88 3 stands stand VERB bracis-28365 88 4 a a DET bracis-28365 88 5 huge huge ADJ bracis-28365 88 6 drawback drawback NOUN bracis-28365 88 7 in in ADP bracis-28365 88 8 ml ml NOUN bracis-28365 88 9 models model NOUN bracis-28365 88 10 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 88 11 since since SCONJ bracis-28365 88 12 their their PRON bracis-28365 88 13 nested nested ADJ bracis-28365 88 14 non non ADJ bracis-28365 88 15 - - ADJ bracis-28365 88 16 linear linear ADJ bracis-28365 88 17 structure structure NOUN bracis-28365 88 18 makes make VERB bracis-28365 88 19 them they PRON bracis-28365 88 20 highly highly ADV bracis-28365 88 21 non non ADJ bracis-28365 88 22 - - ADJ bracis-28365 88 23 transparent transparent ADJ bracis-28365 88 24 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 89 1 not not PART bracis-28365 89 2 surprisingly surprisingly ADV bracis-28365 89 3 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 89 4 this this DET bracis-28365 89 5 issue issue NOUN bracis-28365 89 6 has have AUX bracis-28365 89 7 recently recently ADV bracis-28365 89 8 received receive VERB bracis-28365 89 9 a a DET bracis-28365 89 10 lot lot NOUN bracis-28365 89 11 of of ADP bracis-28365 89 12 attention attention NOUN bracis-28365 89 13 in in ADP bracis-28365 89 14 the the DET bracis-28365 89 15 literature literature NOUN bracis-28365 89 16 [ [ X bracis-28365 89 17 4 4 NUM bracis-28365 89 18 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 89 19 5 5 NUM bracis-28365 89 20 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 89 21 34 34 NUM bracis-28365 89 22 ] ] PUNCT bracis-28365 89 23 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 90 1 the the DET bracis-28365 90 2 goal goal NOUN bracis-28365 90 3 of of ADP bracis-28365 90 4 the the DET bracis-28365 90 5 explanation explanation NOUN bracis-28365 90 6 is be AUX bracis-28365 90 7 to to PART bracis-28365 90 8 assign assign VERB bracis-28365 90 9 the the DET bracis-28365 90 10 importance importance NOUN bracis-28365 90 11 of of ADP bracis-28365 90 12 each each DET bracis-28365 90 13 input input NOUN bracis-28365 90 14 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 90 15 item item NOUN bracis-28365 90 16 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 90 17 for for ADP bracis-28365 90 18 the the DET bracis-28365 90 19 output output NOUN bracis-28365 90 20 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 90 21 latent latent NOUN bracis-28365 90 22 trait trait NOUN bracis-28365 90 23 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 90 24 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 91 1 the the DET bracis-28365 91 2 multidimensional multidimensional ADJ bracis-28365 91 3 item item NOUN bracis-28365 91 4 discrimination discrimination NOUN bracis-28365 91 5 can can AUX bracis-28365 91 6 be be AUX bracis-28365 91 7 interpreted interpret VERB bracis-28365 91 8 through through ADP bracis-28365 91 9 the the DET bracis-28365 91 10 \(\vert \(\vert NOUN bracis-28365 91 11 w_i w_i PROPN bracis-28365 91 12 \vert \vert PROPN bracis-28365 91 13 \ \ PROPN bracis-28365 91 14 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 91 15 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 91 16 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 91 17 can can AUX bracis-28365 91 18 be be AUX bracis-28365 91 19 seen see VERB bracis-28365 91 20 as as ADP bracis-28365 91 21 sensitivity sensitivity NOUN bracis-28365 91 22 analysis analysis NOUN bracis-28365 91 23 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 92 1 therefore therefore ADV bracis-28365 92 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 92 3 the the PRON bracis-28365 92 4 higher high ADJ bracis-28365 92 5 the the DET bracis-28365 92 6 value value NOUN bracis-28365 92 7 of of ADP bracis-28365 92 8 \(\vert \(\vert NOUN bracis-28365 92 9 w_i w_i PROPN bracis-28365 92 10 \vert \vert PROPN bracis-28365 92 11 \ \ PROPN bracis-28365 92 12 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 92 13 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 92 14 the the PRON bracis-28365 92 15 higher high ADJ bracis-28365 92 16 the the DET bracis-28365 92 17 discrimination discrimination NOUN bracis-28365 92 18 power power NOUN bracis-28365 92 19 of of ADP bracis-28365 92 20 that that DET bracis-28365 92 21 item item NOUN bracis-28365 92 22 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 92 23 independently independently ADV bracis-28365 92 24 from from ADP bracis-28365 92 25 the the DET bracis-28365 92 26 assumed assumed ADJ bracis-28365 92 27 underlying underlying ADJ bracis-28365 92 28 latent latent NOUN bracis-28365 92 29 structure structure NOUN bracis-28365 92 30 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 93 1 the the DET bracis-28365 93 2 multidimensional multidimensional ADJ bracis-28365 93 3 item item NOUN bracis-28365 93 4 difficulty difficulty NOUN bracis-28365 93 5 can can AUX bracis-28365 93 6 be be AUX bracis-28365 93 7 interpreted interpret VERB bracis-28365 93 8 through through ADP bracis-28365 93 9 \(d_i \(d_i PROPN bracis-28365 93 10 = = SYM bracis-28365 93 11 a_i/\vert a_i/\vert NOUN bracis-28365 93 12 w_i w_i PROPN bracis-28365 93 13 \vert \vert PROPN bracis-28365 93 14 \ \ PROPN bracis-28365 93 15 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 93 16 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 94 1 a a DET bracis-28365 94 2 limitation limitation NOUN bracis-28365 94 3 of of ADP bracis-28365 94 4 this this DET bracis-28365 94 5 approach approach NOUN bracis-28365 94 6 is be AUX bracis-28365 94 7 that that SCONJ bracis-28365 94 8 it it PRON bracis-28365 94 9 is be AUX bracis-28365 94 10 an an DET bracis-28365 94 11 explanation explanation NOUN bracis-28365 94 12 of of ADP bracis-28365 94 13 the the DET bracis-28365 94 14 latent latent NOUN bracis-28365 94 15 trait trait NOUN bracis-28365 94 16 variation variation NOUN bracis-28365 94 17 rather rather ADV bracis-28365 94 18 than than ADP bracis-28365 94 19 the the DET bracis-28365 94 20 value value NOUN bracis-28365 94 21 itself itself PRON bracis-28365 94 22 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 95 1 in in ADP bracis-28365 95 2 other other ADJ bracis-28365 95 3 words word NOUN bracis-28365 95 4 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 95 5 it it PRON bracis-28365 95 6 answers answer VERB bracis-28365 95 7 the the DET bracis-28365 95 8 question question NOUN bracis-28365 95 9 “ " PUNCT bracis-28365 95 10 which which DET bracis-28365 95 11 items item NOUN bracis-28365 95 12 lead lead VERB bracis-28365 95 13 to to PART bracis-28365 95 14 increase increase VERB bracis-28365 95 15 / / SYM bracis-28365 95 16 decrease decrease NOUN bracis-28365 95 17 of of ADP bracis-28365 95 18 latent latent NOUN bracis-28365 95 19 trait trait NOUN bracis-28365 95 20 when when SCONJ bracis-28365 95 21 changed change VERB bracis-28365 95 22 ? ? PUNCT bracis-28365 95 23 ” " PUNCT bracis-28365 95 24 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 96 1 the the DET bracis-28365 96 2 aforementioned aforementioned ADJ bracis-28365 96 3 weakness weakness NOUN bracis-28365 96 4 has have AUX bracis-28365 96 5 led lead VERB bracis-28365 96 6 to to ADP bracis-28365 96 7 the the DET bracis-28365 96 8 development development NOUN bracis-28365 96 9 of of ADP bracis-28365 96 10 a a DET bracis-28365 96 11 more more ADV bracis-28365 96 12 precise precise ADJ bracis-28365 96 13 technique technique NOUN bracis-28365 96 14 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 96 15 that that PRON bracis-28365 96 16 explains explain VERB bracis-28365 96 17 “ " PUNCT bracis-28365 96 18 which which DET bracis-28365 96 19 items item NOUN bracis-28365 96 20 contribute contribute VERB bracis-28365 96 21 much much ADV bracis-28365 96 22 to to ADP bracis-28365 96 23 the the DET bracis-28365 96 24 latent latent NOUN bracis-28365 96 25 trait trait NOUN bracis-28365 96 26 ” " PUNCT bracis-28365 96 27 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 97 1 to to PART bracis-28365 97 2 achieve achieve VERB bracis-28365 97 3 this this PRON bracis-28365 97 4 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 97 5 we we PRON bracis-28365 97 6 use use VERB bracis-28365 97 7 the the DET bracis-28365 97 8 layer layer NOUN bracis-28365 97 9 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 97 10 wise wise ADJ bracis-28365 97 11 relevance relevance NOUN bracis-28365 97 12 propagation propagation NOUN bracis-28365 97 13 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 97 14 lrp lrp PROPN bracis-28365 97 15 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 98 1 [ [ X bracis-28365 98 2 4 4 NUM bracis-28365 98 3 ] ] PUNCT bracis-28365 98 4 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 99 1 let let VERB bracis-28365 99 2 j j PROPN bracis-28365 99 3 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 99 4 k k PROPN bracis-28365 99 5 be be AUX bracis-28365 99 6 indices index NOUN bracis-28365 99 7 for for ADP bracis-28365 99 8 the the DET bracis-28365 99 9 neurons neuron NOUN bracis-28365 99 10 in in ADP bracis-28365 99 11 layers layer NOUN bracis-28365 99 12 l l NOUN bracis-28365 99 13 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 99 14 \(l \(l NOUN bracis-28365 99 15 + + CCONJ bracis-28365 99 16 1\ 1\ NUM bracis-28365 99 17 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 99 18 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 99 19 respectively respectively ADV bracis-28365 99 20 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 99 21 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 99 22 assume assume VERB bracis-28365 99 23 that that SCONJ bracis-28365 99 24 the the DET bracis-28365 99 25 output output NOUN bracis-28365 99 26 of of ADP bracis-28365 99 27 function function NOUN bracis-28365 99 28 f(x f(x PROPN bracis-28365 99 29 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 99 30 has have AUX bracis-28365 99 31 been be AUX bracis-28365 99 32 propagated propagate VERB bracis-28365 99 33 through through ADP bracis-28365 99 34 from from ADP bracis-28365 99 35 the the DET bracis-28365 99 36 upper upper ADJ bracis-28365 99 37 layer layer NOUN bracis-28365 99 38 to to ADP bracis-28365 99 39 layer layer NOUN bracis-28365 99 40 \(l+1\ \(l+1\ NOUN bracis-28365 99 41 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 99 42 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 100 1 the the DET bracis-28365 100 2 lrp lrp PROPN bracis-28365 100 3 defines define VERB bracis-28365 100 4 the the DET bracis-28365 100 5 “ " PUNCT bracis-28365 100 6 message message NOUN bracis-28365 100 7 ” " PUNCT bracis-28365 100 8 \(r_{j\leftarrow \(r_{j\leftarrow NOUN bracis-28365 100 9 k}\ k}\ NOUN bracis-28365 100 10 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 100 11 as as ADP bracis-28365 100 12 the the DET bracis-28365 100 13 redistribution redistribution NOUN bracis-28365 100 14 of of ADP bracis-28365 100 15 relevance relevance NOUN bracis-28365 100 16 \(r_k\ \(r_k\ PROPN bracis-28365 100 17 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 100 18 to to ADP bracis-28365 100 19 the the DET bracis-28365 100 20 neurons neuron NOUN bracis-28365 100 21 in in ADP bracis-28365 100 22 the the DET bracis-28365 100 23 previous previous ADJ bracis-28365 100 24 layer layer NOUN bracis-28365 100 25 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 100 26 $ $ SYM bracis-28365 100 27 $ $ SYM bracis-28365 100 28 \begin{aligned \begin{aligne VERB bracis-28365 100 29 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 100 30 r_{j\leftarrow r_{j\leftarrow NOUN bracis-28365 100 31 k k NOUN bracis-28365 100 32 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 100 33 = = SYM bracis-28365 100 34 \frac{y_j\cdot \frac{y_j\cdot NOUN bracis-28365 100 35 w_{jk}}{\sum w_{jk}}{\sum NOUN bracis-28365 100 36 _ _ PRON bracis-28365 100 37 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 100 38 j}y_j j}y_j PROPN bracis-28365 100 39 \cdot \cdot NOUN bracis-28365 100 40 w_{jk}}r_{k w_{jk}}r_{k PROPN bracis-28365 100 41 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 100 42 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 101 1 \end{aligned}$$ \end{aligned}$$ VERB bracis-28365 101 2 the the DET bracis-28365 101 3 overall overall ADJ bracis-28365 101 4 relevance relevance NOUN bracis-28365 101 5 of of ADP bracis-28365 101 6 j j PROPN bracis-28365 101 7 is be AUX bracis-28365 101 8 then then ADV bracis-28365 101 9 obtained obtain VERB bracis-28365 101 10 by by ADP bracis-28365 101 11 calculating calculate VERB bracis-28365 101 12 \(r_j \(r_j NOUN bracis-28365 101 13 = = SYM bracis-28365 101 14 \sum \sum NOUN bracis-28365 101 15 _ _ PUNCT bracis-28365 102 1 k k PROPN bracis-28365 102 2 r_{j\leftarrow r_{j\leftarrow PROPN bracis-28365 102 3 k}\ k}\ NOUN bracis-28365 102 4 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 102 5 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 103 1 note note VERB bracis-28365 103 2 that that SCONJ bracis-28365 103 3 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 103 4 by by ADP bracis-28365 103 5 definition definition NOUN bracis-28365 103 6 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 103 7 \(\sum \(\sum VERB bracis-28365 104 1 _ _ PRON bracis-28365 104 2 i i PRON bracis-28365 104 3 r_i r_i PUNCT bracis-28365 105 1 = = NOUN bracis-28365 105 2 \ldots \ldots ADP bracis-28365 105 3 = = PUNCT bracis-28365 105 4 \sum \sum NOUN bracis-28365 105 5 _ _ PUNCT bracis-28365 105 6 j j NOUN bracis-28365 105 7 r_j r_j NOUN bracis-28365 105 8 = = SYM bracis-28365 105 9 \sum \sum NOUN bracis-28365 106 1 _ _ PUNCT bracis-28365 107 1 k k X bracis-28365 107 2 r_k r_k PUNCT bracis-28365 108 1 = = PUNCT bracis-28365 108 2 \ldots \ldot NOUN bracis-28365 108 3 = = SYM bracis-28365 108 4 f(x)\ f(x)\ X bracis-28365 108 5 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 108 6 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 108 7 that that ADV bracis-28365 108 8 is is ADV bracis-28365 108 9 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 108 10 it it PRON bracis-28365 108 11 satisfies satisfy VERB bracis-28365 108 12 the the DET bracis-28365 108 13 conservation conservation NOUN bracis-28365 108 14 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 108 15 or or CCONJ bracis-28365 108 16 completeness completeness NOUN bracis-28365 108 17 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 108 18 property property NOUN bracis-28365 108 19 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 108 20 since since SCONJ bracis-28365 108 21 for for ADP bracis-28365 108 22 all all DET bracis-28365 108 23 \(x \(x ADJ bracis-28365 108 24 \in \in PROPN bracis-28365 108 25 \mathcal \mathcal PROPN bracis-28365 108 26 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 108 27 x}\ x}\ PROPN bracis-28365 108 28 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 108 29 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 108 30 we we PRON bracis-28365 108 31 have have VERB bracis-28365 108 32 \(\textbf{1}^t \(\textbf{1}^t ADP bracis-28365 108 33 \mathcal \mathcal ADJ bracis-28365 108 34 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 108 35 e}_f e}_f X bracis-28365 108 36 = = SYM bracis-28365 108 37 f(x)\ f(x)\ X bracis-28365 108 38 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 108 39 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 109 1 the the DET bracis-28365 109 2 process process NOUN bracis-28365 109 3 is be AUX bracis-28365 109 4 outlined outline VERB bracis-28365 109 5 in in ADP bracis-28365 109 6 fig fig NOUN bracis-28365 109 7 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 109 8     SPACE bracis-28365 110 1 3 3 X bracis-28365 110 2 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 110 3 first first ADV bracis-28365 110 4 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 110 5 the the DET bracis-28365 110 6 dbms dbms ADJ bracis-28365 110 7 estimate estimate VERB bracis-28365 110 8 the the DET bracis-28365 110 9 latent latent NOUN bracis-28365 110 10 trait trait NOUN bracis-28365 110 11 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 110 12 f(x f(x PROPN bracis-28365 110 13 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 110 14 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 110 15 based base VERB bracis-28365 110 16 on on ADP bracis-28365 110 17 the the DET bracis-28365 110 18 input input NOUN bracis-28365 110 19 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 111 1 then then ADV bracis-28365 111 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 111 3 lrp lrp PROPN bracis-28365 111 4 is be AUX bracis-28365 111 5 applied apply VERB bracis-28365 111 6 to to PART bracis-28365 111 7 explain explain VERB bracis-28365 111 8 the the DET bracis-28365 111 9 prediction prediction NOUN bracis-28365 111 10 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 111 11 that that ADV bracis-28365 111 12 is is ADV bracis-28365 111 13 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 111 14 to to PART bracis-28365 111 15 indicate indicate VERB bracis-28365 111 16 which which DET bracis-28365 111 17 items item NOUN bracis-28365 111 18 are be AUX bracis-28365 111 19 more more ADV bracis-28365 111 20 or or CCONJ bracis-28365 111 21 less less ADV bracis-28365 111 22 relevant relevant ADJ bracis-28365 111 23 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 111 24 3.2 3.2 NUM bracis-28365 111 25 recommender recommender NOUN bracis-28365 111 26 system system NOUN bracis-28365 111 27 when when SCONJ bracis-28365 111 28 a a DET bracis-28365 111 29 student student NOUN bracis-28365 111 30 finishes finish VERB bracis-28365 111 31 a a DET bracis-28365 111 32 test test NOUN bracis-28365 111 33 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 111 34 there there PRON bracis-28365 111 35 are be VERB bracis-28365 111 36 two two NUM bracis-28365 111 37 fundamental fundamental ADJ bracis-28365 111 38 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 111 39 commonly commonly ADV bracis-28365 111 40 asked ask VERB bracis-28365 111 41 questions question NOUN bracis-28365 111 42 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 111 43 “ " PUNCT bracis-28365 111 44 what what PRON bracis-28365 111 45 did do AUX bracis-28365 111 46 i i PRON bracis-28365 111 47 do do AUX bracis-28365 111 48 wrong wrong NOUN bracis-28365 111 49 ? ? PUNCT bracis-28365 111 50 ” " PUNCT bracis-28365 112 1 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 112 2 “ " PUNCT bracis-28365 112 3 how how SCONJ bracis-28365 112 4 can can AUX bracis-28365 112 5 i i PRON bracis-28365 112 6 improve improve VERB bracis-28365 112 7 it it PRON bracis-28365 112 8 ? ? PUNCT bracis-28365 112 9 ” " PUNCT bracis-28365 113 1 the the DET bracis-28365 113 2 former former ADJ bracis-28365 113 3 is be AUX bracis-28365 113 4 about about ADP bracis-28365 113 5 identifying identify VERB bracis-28365 113 6 specific specific ADJ bracis-28365 113 7 breakdowns breakdown NOUN bracis-28365 113 8 ; ; PUNCT bracis-28365 113 9 whereas whereas SCONJ bracis-28365 113 10 the the DET bracis-28365 113 11 latter latter NOUN bracis-28365 113 12 focuses focus VERB bracis-28365 113 13 on on ADP bracis-28365 113 14 creating create VERB bracis-28365 113 15 knowledge knowledge NOUN bracis-28365 113 16 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 114 1 we we PRON bracis-28365 114 2 are be AUX bracis-28365 114 3 asking ask VERB bracis-28365 114 4 these these DET bracis-28365 114 5 two two NUM bracis-28365 114 6 questions question NOUN bracis-28365 114 7 to to PART bracis-28365 114 8 introduce introduce VERB bracis-28365 114 9 our our PRON bracis-28365 114 10 methodology methodology NOUN bracis-28365 114 11 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 115 1 the the DET bracis-28365 115 2 algorithm algorithm NOUN bracis-28365 115 3 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 115 4 at at ADP bracis-28365 115 5 each each DET bracis-28365 115 6 time time NOUN bracis-28365 115 7 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 115 8 step step NOUN bracis-28365 115 9 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 115 10 reads read VERB bracis-28365 115 11 the the DET bracis-28365 115 12 input input NOUN bracis-28365 115 13 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 115 14 items item NOUN bracis-28365 115 15 responses response NOUN bracis-28365 115 16 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 115 17 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 115 18 returns return VERB bracis-28365 115 19 an an DET bracis-28365 115 20 output output NOUN bracis-28365 115 21 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 115 22 student student NOUN bracis-28365 115 23 proficiency proficiency NOUN bracis-28365 115 24 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 115 25 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 116 1 once once SCONJ bracis-28365 116 2 the the DET bracis-28365 116 3 current current ADJ bracis-28365 116 4 state state NOUN bracis-28365 116 5 is be AUX bracis-28365 116 6 outputted output VERB bracis-28365 116 7 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 116 8 it it PRON bracis-28365 116 9 is be AUX bracis-28365 116 10 aggregated aggregate VERB bracis-28365 116 11 through through ADP bracis-28365 116 12 the the DET bracis-28365 116 13 recommender recommender NOUN bracis-28365 116 14 system system NOUN bracis-28365 116 15 to to PART bracis-28365 116 16 define define VERB bracis-28365 116 17 the the DET bracis-28365 116 18 next next ADJ bracis-28365 116 19 items item NOUN bracis-28365 116 20 to to PART bracis-28365 116 21 be be AUX bracis-28365 116 22 administered administer VERB bracis-28365 116 23 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 116 24 which which PRON bracis-28365 116 25 are be AUX bracis-28365 116 26 sorted sort VERB bracis-28365 116 27 according accord VERB bracis-28365 116 28 to to ADP bracis-28365 116 29 items item NOUN bracis-28365 116 30 with with ADP bracis-28365 116 31 the the DET bracis-28365 116 32 same same ADJ bracis-28365 116 33 difficulty difficulty NOUN bracis-28365 116 34 parameter parameter NOUN bracis-28365 116 35 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 116 36 vector vector NOUN bracis-28365 116 37 \(\textbf{d}\ \(\textbf{d}\ NOUN bracis-28365 116 38 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 116 39 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 116 40 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 116 41 lesser less ADJ bracis-28365 116 42 relevance relevance NOUN bracis-28365 116 43 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 116 44 defined define VERB bracis-28365 116 45 by by ADP bracis-28365 116 46 the the DET bracis-28365 116 47 lrp lrp PROPN bracis-28365 116 48 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 116 49 answered answer VERB bracis-28365 116 50 by by ADP bracis-28365 116 51 the the DET bracis-28365 116 52 student student NOUN bracis-28365 116 53 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 116 54 which which PRON bracis-28365 116 55 can can AUX bracis-28365 116 56 be be AUX bracis-28365 116 57 viewed view VERB bracis-28365 116 58 as as ADP bracis-28365 116 59 a a DET bracis-28365 116 60 content content NOUN bracis-28365 116 61 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 116 62 based base VERB bracis-28365 116 63 recommender recommender NOUN bracis-28365 116 64 system system NOUN bracis-28365 116 65 focusing focus VERB bracis-28365 116 66 on on ADP bracis-28365 116 67 items item NOUN bracis-28365 116 68 where where SCONJ bracis-28365 116 69 the the DET bracis-28365 116 70 student student NOUN bracis-28365 116 71 needs need VERB bracis-28365 116 72 more more ADJ bracis-28365 116 73 attention attention NOUN bracis-28365 116 74 / / SYM bracis-28365 116 75 learning learning NOUN bracis-28365 117 1 [ [ X bracis-28365 117 2 3 3 NUM bracis-28365 117 3 ] ] PUNCT bracis-28365 117 4 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 118 1 next next ADV bracis-28365 118 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 118 3 the the DET bracis-28365 118 4 sequence sequence NOUN bracis-28365 118 5 in in ADP bracis-28365 118 6 which which PRON bracis-28365 118 7 the the DET bracis-28365 118 8 items item NOUN bracis-28365 118 9 are be AUX bracis-28365 118 10 presented present VERB bracis-28365 118 11 is be AUX bracis-28365 118 12 considered consider VERB bracis-28365 118 13 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 119 1 the the DET bracis-28365 119 2 system system NOUN bracis-28365 119 3 intentionally intentionally ADV bracis-28365 119 4 incites incite VERB bracis-28365 119 5 experiences experience NOUN bracis-28365 119 6 of of ADP bracis-28365 119 7 like like ADJ bracis-28365 119 8 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 119 9 minded minded ADJ bracis-28365 119 10 students student NOUN bracis-28365 119 11 failure failure NOUN bracis-28365 119 12 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 119 13 grading grade VERB bracis-28365 119 14 the the DET bracis-28365 119 15 stimuli stimulus NOUN bracis-28365 119 16 to to PART bracis-28365 119 17 be be AUX bracis-28365 119 18 presented present VERB bracis-28365 119 19 accordingly accordingly ADV bracis-28365 119 20 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 120 1 in in ADP bracis-28365 120 2 such such DET bracis-28365 120 3 a a DET bracis-28365 120 4 setting setting NOUN bracis-28365 120 5 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 120 6 the the DET bracis-28365 120 7 approach approach NOUN bracis-28365 120 8 comprises comprise VERB bracis-28365 120 9 collaborative collaborative ADJ bracis-28365 120 10 filtering filtering NOUN bracis-28365 120 11 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 120 12 based base VERB bracis-28365 120 13 methods method NOUN bracis-28365 120 14 [ [ X bracis-28365 120 15 35 35 NUM bracis-28365 120 16 ] ] PUNCT bracis-28365 120 17 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 120 18 by by ADP bracis-28365 120 19 performing perform VERB bracis-28365 120 20 failure failure NOUN bracis-28365 120 21 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 120 22 based base VERB bracis-28365 120 23 learning learning NOUN bracis-28365 120 24 collaboratively collaboratively ADV bracis-28365 120 25 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 121 1 various various ADJ bracis-28365 121 2 research research NOUN bracis-28365 121 3 posits posit NOUN bracis-28365 121 4 fault fault NOUN bracis-28365 121 5 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 121 6 stages stage NOUN bracis-28365 121 7 as as ADP bracis-28365 121 8 a a DET bracis-28365 121 9 strategic strategic ADJ bracis-28365 121 10 way way NOUN bracis-28365 121 11 to to PART bracis-28365 121 12 identify identify VERB bracis-28365 121 13 possible possible ADJ bracis-28365 121 14 breakdowns breakdown NOUN bracis-28365 121 15 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 121 16 engender engender VERB bracis-28365 121 17 higher high ADJ bracis-28365 121 18 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 121 19 order order NOUN bracis-28365 121 20 knowledge knowledge NOUN bracis-28365 121 21 [ [ X bracis-28365 121 22 17 17 NUM bracis-28365 121 23 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 121 24 21 21 NUM bracis-28365 121 25 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 121 26 37 37 NUM bracis-28365 121 27 ] ] PUNCT bracis-28365 121 28 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 122 1 this this PRON bracis-28365 122 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 122 3 in in ADP bracis-28365 122 4 turn turn NOUN bracis-28365 122 5 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 122 6 has have VERB bracis-28365 122 7 pedagogical pedagogical ADJ bracis-28365 122 8 benefits benefit NOUN bracis-28365 122 9 because because SCONJ bracis-28365 122 10 it it PRON bracis-28365 122 11 allows allow VERB bracis-28365 122 12 students student NOUN bracis-28365 122 13 to to PART bracis-28365 122 14 challenge challenge VERB bracis-28365 122 15 their their PRON bracis-28365 122 16 existing exist VERB bracis-28365 122 17 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 122 18 incomplete incomplete ADJ bracis-28365 122 19 / / SYM bracis-28365 122 20 inaccurate inaccurate ADJ bracis-28365 122 21 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 122 22 mental mental ADJ bracis-28365 122 23 models model NOUN bracis-28365 122 24 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 122 25 activate activate VERB bracis-28365 122 26 cognitive cognitive ADJ bracis-28365 122 27 mechanisms mechanism NOUN bracis-28365 122 28 for for ADP bracis-28365 122 29 deep deep ADJ bracis-28365 122 30 learning learning NOUN bracis-28365 122 31 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 123 1 fig fig NOUN bracis-28365 123 2 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 124 1 3 3 X bracis-28365 124 2 . . X bracis-28365 124 3 explaining explain VERB bracis-28365 124 4 predictions prediction NOUN bracis-28365 124 5 of of ADP bracis-28365 124 6 an an DET bracis-28365 124 7 ai ai NOUN bracis-28365 124 8 system system NOUN bracis-28365 124 9 using use VERB bracis-28365 124 10 lrp lrp PROPN bracis-28365 124 11 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 125 1 full full ADJ bracis-28365 125 2 size size NOUN bracis-28365 125 3 image image NOUN bracis-28365 125 4 formally formally ADV bracis-28365 125 5 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 125 6 we we PRON bracis-28365 125 7 have have VERB bracis-28365 125 8 a a DET bracis-28365 125 9 set set NOUN bracis-28365 125 10 of of ADP bracis-28365 125 11 latent latent NOUN bracis-28365 125 12 traits trait NOUN bracis-28365 125 13 \(\mathcal \(\mathcal ADJ bracis-28365 125 14 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 125 15 z z NOUN bracis-28365 125 16 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 125 17 = = SYM bracis-28365 125 18 \{z_j\}\ \{z_j\}\ NOUN bracis-28365 125 19 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 125 20 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 125 21 \(j=1,\ldots \(j=1,\ldot NOUN bracis-28365 125 22 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 125 23 n\ n\ NOUN bracis-28365 125 24 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 125 25 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 125 26 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 125 27 a a DET bracis-28365 125 28 set set NOUN bracis-28365 125 29 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 125 30 based base VERB bracis-28365 125 31 responses response NOUN bracis-28365 125 32 \(\mathcal \(\mathcal ADJ bracis-28365 125 33 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 125 34 x x NOUN bracis-28365 125 35 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 125 36 = = SYM bracis-28365 125 37 \{\textbf{x}_i\}\ \{\textbf{x}_i\}\ NOUN bracis-28365 125 38 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 125 39 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 125 40 \(i \(i NOUN bracis-28365 125 41 = = SYM bracis-28365 125 42 1,\ldots 1,\ldots NUM bracis-28365 125 43 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 125 44 i\ i\ PROPN bracis-28365 125 45 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 125 46 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 126 1 the the DET bracis-28365 126 2 aim aim NOUN bracis-28365 126 3 of of ADP bracis-28365 126 4 the the DET bracis-28365 126 5 system system NOUN bracis-28365 126 6 is be AUX bracis-28365 126 7 to to PART bracis-28365 126 8 create create VERB bracis-28365 126 9 a a DET bracis-28365 126 10 list list NOUN bracis-28365 126 11 of of ADP bracis-28365 126 12 the the DET bracis-28365 126 13 best good ADJ bracis-28365 126 14 l l NOUN bracis-28365 126 15 recommendations recommendation NOUN bracis-28365 126 16 called call VERB bracis-28365 126 17 stimuli stimulus NOUN bracis-28365 126 18 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 126 19 \(\mathcal \(\mathcal ADJ bracis-28365 126 20 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 126 21 s s NOUN bracis-28365 126 22 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 126 23 = = SYM bracis-28365 126 24 \{s_k\}\ \{s_k\}\ NOUN bracis-28365 126 25 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 126 26 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 126 27 \(k \(k NOUN bracis-28365 126 28 = = SYM bracis-28365 126 29 1,\ldots 1,\ldot NOUN bracis-28365 126 30 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 126 31 l\ l\ PROPN bracis-28365 126 32 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 126 33 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 126 34 for for ADP bracis-28365 126 35 an an DET bracis-28365 126 36 examinee examinee NOUN bracis-28365 126 37 with with ADP bracis-28365 126 38 ability ability NOUN bracis-28365 126 39 \(z_a \(z_a PART bracis-28365 126 40 \in \in PROPN bracis-28365 126 41 \mathcal \mathcal PROPN bracis-28365 126 42 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 126 43 z}\ z}\ NUM bracis-28365 126 44 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 126 45 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 127 1 the the DET bracis-28365 127 2 formulation formulation NOUN bracis-28365 127 3 of of ADP bracis-28365 127 4 the the DET bracis-28365 127 5 algorithm algorithm NOUN bracis-28365 127 6 is be AUX bracis-28365 127 7 based base VERB bracis-28365 127 8 on on ADP bracis-28365 127 9 two two NUM bracis-28365 127 10 steps step NOUN bracis-28365 127 11 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 128 1 the the DET bracis-28365 128 2 first first ADJ bracis-28365 128 3 step step NOUN bracis-28365 128 4 involves involve VERB bracis-28365 128 5 selecting select VERB bracis-28365 128 6 a a DET bracis-28365 128 7 set set NOUN bracis-28365 128 8 of of ADP bracis-28365 128 9 items item NOUN bracis-28365 128 10 based base VERB bracis-28365 128 11 on on ADP bracis-28365 128 12 the the DET bracis-28365 128 13 difficulty difficulty NOUN bracis-28365 128 14 parameter parameter NOUN bracis-28365 128 15 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 128 16 note note VERB bracis-28365 128 17 that that SCONJ bracis-28365 128 18 the the DET bracis-28365 128 19 latent latent NOUN bracis-28365 128 20 trait trait NOUN bracis-28365 128 21 is be AUX bracis-28365 128 22 in in ADP bracis-28365 128 23 the the DET bracis-28365 128 24 same same ADJ bracis-28365 128 25 unit unit NOUN bracis-28365 128 26 as as ADP bracis-28365 128 27 the the DET bracis-28365 128 28 parameter parameter NOUN bracis-28365 128 29 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 128 30 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 129 1 these these DET bracis-28365 129 2 items item NOUN bracis-28365 129 3 are be AUX bracis-28365 129 4 chosen choose VERB bracis-28365 129 5 to to PART bracis-28365 129 6 be be AUX bracis-28365 129 7 similar similar ADJ bracis-28365 129 8 to to ADP bracis-28365 129 9 those those PRON bracis-28365 129 10 with with ADP bracis-28365 129 11 lesser less ADJ bracis-28365 129 12 relevance relevance NOUN bracis-28365 129 13 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 129 14 redistributed redistribute VERB bracis-28365 129 15 “ " PUNCT bracis-28365 129 16 message message NOUN bracis-28365 129 17 ” " PUNCT bracis-28365 129 18 given give VERB bracis-28365 129 19 \(z_a\ \(z_a\ NOUN bracis-28365 129 20 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 129 21 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 129 22 that that PRON bracis-28365 129 23 have have AUX bracis-28365 129 24 been be AUX bracis-28365 129 25 answered answer VERB bracis-28365 129 26 by by ADP bracis-28365 129 27 the the DET bracis-28365 129 28 student student NOUN bracis-28365 129 29 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 129 30 such such ADJ bracis-28365 129 31 as as ADP bracis-28365 129 32 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 129 33 $ $ SYM bracis-28365 129 34 $ $ SYM bracis-28365 129 35 \begin{aligned \begin{aligne VERB bracis-28365 129 36 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 129 37 \mathcal \mathcal ADJ bracis-28365 129 38 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 129 39 s}_a s}_a NUM bracis-28365 129 40 = = SYM bracis-28365 129 41 \{i \{i X bracis-28365 129 42 \ \ PUNCT bracis-28365 129 43 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 130 1 \ \ NOUN bracis-28365 130 2 d_i d_i PROPN bracis-28365 130 3 \delta \delta PROPN bracis-28365 130 4 \le \le PROPN bracis-28365 130 5 z_a z_a NUM bracis-28365 130 6 \le \le NOUN bracis-28365 130 7 d_i d_i PUNCT bracis-28365 130 8 + + CCONJ bracis-28365 130 9 \delta \delta PROPN bracis-28365 130 10 \ \ PROPN bracis-28365 130 11 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 130 12 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 130 13 \end{aligned}$$ \end{aligned}$$ X bracis-28365 130 14 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 130 15 5 5 NUM bracis-28365 130 16 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 130 17 where where SCONJ bracis-28365 130 18 \(\delta \(\delta NOUN bracis-28365 130 19 \ \ NOUN bracis-28365 130 20 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 130 21 is be AUX bracis-28365 130 22 determined determine VERB bracis-28365 130 23 by by ADP bracis-28365 130 24 the the DET bracis-28365 130 25 user user NOUN bracis-28365 130 26 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 130 27 defines define VERB bracis-28365 130 28 the the DET bracis-28365 130 29 homogeneity homogeneity NOUN bracis-28365 130 30 of of ADP bracis-28365 130 31 items item NOUN bracis-28365 130 32 presented present VERB bracis-28365 130 33 to to ADP bracis-28365 130 34 the the DET bracis-28365 130 35 student student NOUN bracis-28365 130 36 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 131 1 for for ADP bracis-28365 131 2 the the DET bracis-28365 131 3 second second ADJ bracis-28365 131 4 step step NOUN bracis-28365 131 5 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 131 6 failure failure NOUN bracis-28365 131 7 is be AUX bracis-28365 131 8 an an DET bracis-28365 131 9 intentional intentional ADJ bracis-28365 131 10 part part NOUN bracis-28365 131 11 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 132 1 the the DET bracis-28365 132 2 items item NOUN bracis-28365 132 3 are be AUX bracis-28365 132 4 sorted sort VERB bracis-28365 132 5 by by ADP bracis-28365 132 6 the the DET bracis-28365 132 7 average average NOUN bracis-28365 132 8 of of ADP bracis-28365 132 9 correct correct ADJ bracis-28365 132 10 responses response NOUN bracis-28365 132 11 based base VERB bracis-28365 132 12 on on ADP bracis-28365 132 13 the the DET bracis-28365 132 14 k k PROPN bracis-28365 132 15 nearest near ADJ bracis-28365 132 16 neighbors neighbor NOUN bracis-28365 132 17 of of ADP bracis-28365 132 18 \(z_a\ \(z_a\ NOUN bracis-28365 132 19 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 132 20 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 133 1 consequently consequently ADV bracis-28365 133 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 133 3 we we PRON bracis-28365 133 4 are be AUX bracis-28365 133 5 able able ADJ bracis-28365 133 6 to to PART bracis-28365 133 7 control control VERB bracis-28365 133 8 the the DET bracis-28365 133 9 examinee examinee NOUN bracis-28365 133 10 ’s ’s PART bracis-28365 133 11 exposure exposure NOUN bracis-28365 133 12 to to ADP bracis-28365 133 13 failure failure NOUN bracis-28365 133 14 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 134 1 this this DET bracis-28365 134 2 strategy strategy NOUN bracis-28365 134 3 allows allow VERB bracis-28365 134 4 better well ADJ bracis-28365 134 5 opportunities opportunity NOUN bracis-28365 134 6 for for ADP bracis-28365 134 7 the the DET bracis-28365 134 8 student student NOUN bracis-28365 134 9 deepen deepen VERB bracis-28365 134 10 conceptual conceptual ADJ bracis-28365 134 11 understanding understanding NOUN bracis-28365 134 12 through through ADP bracis-28365 134 13 items item NOUN bracis-28365 134 14 suitable suitable ADJ bracis-28365 134 15 to to ADP bracis-28365 134 16 their their PRON bracis-28365 134 17 proficiency proficiency NOUN bracis-28365 134 18 level level NOUN bracis-28365 134 19 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 134 20 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 134 21 increase increase VERB bracis-28365 134 22 the the DET bracis-28365 134 23 problem problem NOUN bracis-28365 134 24 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 134 25 solving solve VERB bracis-28365 134 26 capacity capacity NOUN bracis-28365 134 27 through through ADP bracis-28365 134 28 failure failure NOUN bracis-28365 134 29 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 134 30 based base VERB bracis-28365 134 31 learning learning NOUN bracis-28365 134 32 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 135 1 4 4 NUM bracis-28365 135 2 simulation simulation NOUN bracis-28365 135 3 study study NOUN bracis-28365 135 4 to to PART bracis-28365 135 5 demonstrate demonstrate VERB bracis-28365 135 6 our our PRON bracis-28365 135 7 arguments argument NOUN bracis-28365 135 8 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 135 9 set set VERB bracis-28365 135 10 up up ADP bracis-28365 135 11 the the DET bracis-28365 135 12 subsequent subsequent ADJ bracis-28365 135 13 discussion discussion NOUN bracis-28365 135 14 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 135 15 in in ADP bracis-28365 135 16 this this DET bracis-28365 135 17 section section NOUN bracis-28365 135 18 two two NUM bracis-28365 135 19 simulated simulated ADJ bracis-28365 135 20 examples example NOUN bracis-28365 135 21 will will AUX bracis-28365 135 22 be be AUX bracis-28365 135 23 presented present VERB bracis-28365 135 24 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 136 1 the the DET bracis-28365 136 2 first first ADJ bracis-28365 136 3 example example NOUN bracis-28365 136 4 will will AUX bracis-28365 136 5 investigate investigate VERB bracis-28365 136 6 how how SCONJ bracis-28365 136 7 the the DET bracis-28365 136 8 true true ADJ bracis-28365 136 9 values value NOUN bracis-28365 136 10 of of ADP bracis-28365 136 11 latent latent NOUN bracis-28365 136 12 traits trait NOUN bracis-28365 136 13 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 136 14 items item NOUN bracis-28365 136 15 are be AUX bracis-28365 136 16 recovered recover VERB bracis-28365 136 17 in in ADP bracis-28365 136 18 different different ADJ bracis-28365 136 19 situations situation NOUN bracis-28365 136 20 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 136 21 involving involve VERB bracis-28365 136 22 sample sample NOUN bracis-28365 136 23 sizes size NOUN bracis-28365 136 24 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 136 25 number number NOUN bracis-28365 136 26 of of ADP bracis-28365 136 27 items item NOUN bracis-28365 136 28 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 137 1 in in ADP bracis-28365 137 2 the the DET bracis-28365 137 3 second second ADJ bracis-28365 137 4 example example NOUN bracis-28365 137 5 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 137 6 we we PRON bracis-28365 137 7 show show VERB bracis-28365 137 8 how how SCONJ bracis-28365 137 9 the the DET bracis-28365 137 10 test test NOUN bracis-28365 137 11 items item NOUN bracis-28365 137 12 are be AUX bracis-28365 137 13 sensitive sensitive ADJ bracis-28365 137 14 to to PART bracis-28365 137 15 examinee examinee VERB bracis-28365 137 16 differences difference NOUN bracis-28365 137 17 on on ADP bracis-28365 137 18 a a DET bracis-28365 137 19 number number NOUN bracis-28365 137 20 of of ADP bracis-28365 137 21 correlated correlate VERB bracis-28365 137 22 dimensions dimension NOUN bracis-28365 137 23 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 137 24 latent latent NOUN bracis-28365 137 25 traits trait NOUN bracis-28365 137 26 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 137 27 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 138 1 the the DET bracis-28365 138 2 data data NOUN bracis-28365 138 3 is be AUX bracis-28365 138 4 designed design VERB bracis-28365 138 5 to to PART bracis-28365 138 6 mirror mirror VERB bracis-28365 138 7 a a DET bracis-28365 138 8 real real ADJ bracis-28365 138 9 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 138 10 life life NOUN bracis-28365 138 11 scenario scenario NOUN bracis-28365 138 12 where where SCONJ bracis-28365 138 13 items item NOUN bracis-28365 138 14 have have VERB bracis-28365 138 15 different different ADJ bracis-28365 138 16 characteristics characteristic NOUN bracis-28365 138 17 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 138 18 latent latent NOUN bracis-28365 138 19 traits trait NOUN bracis-28365 138 20 exhibit exhibit VERB bracis-28365 138 21 multiple multiple ADJ bracis-28365 138 22 dimensions dimension NOUN bracis-28365 138 23 with with ADP bracis-28365 138 24 varying vary VERB bracis-28365 138 25 correlations correlation NOUN bracis-28365 138 26 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 139 1 these these DET bracis-28365 139 2 initial initial ADJ bracis-28365 139 3 experiments experiment NOUN bracis-28365 139 4 aim aim VERB bracis-28365 139 5 to to PART bracis-28365 139 6 show show VERB bracis-28365 139 7 the the DET bracis-28365 139 8 dbm dbm PROPN bracis-28365 139 9 model model NOUN bracis-28365 139 10 is be AUX bracis-28365 139 11 indeed indeed ADV bracis-28365 139 12 a a DET bracis-28365 139 13 precise precise ADJ bracis-28365 139 14 estimator estimator NOUN bracis-28365 139 15 of of ADP bracis-28365 139 16 latent latent NOUN bracis-28365 139 17 characteristics characteristic NOUN bracis-28365 139 18 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 139 19 generalizing generalize VERB bracis-28365 139 20 the the DET bracis-28365 139 21 2pl 2pl ADJ bracis-28365 139 22 model model NOUN bracis-28365 139 23 to to ADP bracis-28365 139 24 more more ADJ bracis-28365 139 25 latent latent NOUN bracis-28365 139 26 dimensions dimension NOUN bracis-28365 139 27 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 140 1 4.1 4.1 NUM bracis-28365 140 2 example example NOUN bracis-28365 140 3 1 1 NUM bracis-28365 140 4 the the DET bracis-28365 140 5 datasets dataset NOUN bracis-28365 140 6 were be AUX bracis-28365 140 7 generated generate VERB bracis-28365 140 8 containing contain VERB bracis-28365 140 9 responses response NOUN bracis-28365 140 10 of of ADP bracis-28365 140 11 \(n \(n NOUN bracis-28365 140 12 = = SYM bracis-28365 140 13 500 500 NUM bracis-28365 140 14 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 140 15 2000\ 2000\ NUM bracis-28365 140 16 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 140 17 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 140 18 5000 5000 NUM bracis-28365 140 19 examinees examinee NOUN bracis-28365 140 20 to to ADP bracis-28365 140 21 \(i \(i NOUN bracis-28365 140 22 = = SYM bracis-28365 140 23 50 50 NUM bracis-28365 140 24 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 140 25 100\ 100\ NUM bracis-28365 140 26 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 140 27 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 140 28 250 250 NUM bracis-28365 140 29 items item NOUN bracis-28365 140 30 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 141 1 the the DET bracis-28365 141 2 proficiency proficiency NOUN bracis-28365 141 3 parameters parameter NOUN bracis-28365 141 4 are be AUX bracis-28365 141 5 normally normally ADV bracis-28365 141 6 distributed distribute VERB bracis-28365 141 7 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 141 8 by by ADP bracis-28365 141 9 model model NOUN bracis-28365 141 10 assumption assumption NOUN bracis-28365 141 11 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 142 1 the the DET bracis-28365 142 2 values value NOUN bracis-28365 142 3 of of ADP bracis-28365 142 4 discrimination discrimination NOUN bracis-28365 142 5 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 142 6 difficulty difficulty NOUN bracis-28365 142 7 parameters parameter NOUN bracis-28365 142 8 were be AUX bracis-28365 142 9 generated generate VERB bracis-28365 142 10 from from ADP bracis-28365 142 11 a a DET bracis-28365 142 12 uniform uniform ADJ bracis-28365 142 13 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-28365 142 14 such such ADJ bracis-28365 142 15 that that DET bracis-28365 142 16 \(w \(w PROPN bracis-28365 142 17 \in \in PROPN bracis-28365 142 18 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 142 19 0.4,1.8)\ 0.4,1.8)\ NUM bracis-28365 142 20 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 142 21 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 142 22 \(a \(a PROPN bracis-28365 142 23 \in \in PROPN bracis-28365 142 24 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 142 25 -2.4,2.4)\ -2.4,2.4)\ NOUN bracis-28365 142 26 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 142 27 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 143 1 as as SCONJ bracis-28365 143 2 mentioned mention VERB bracis-28365 143 3 earlier early ADV bracis-28365 143 4 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 143 5 the the DET bracis-28365 143 6 proposed propose VERB bracis-28365 143 7 model model NOUN bracis-28365 143 8 has have VERB bracis-28365 143 9 a a DET bracis-28365 143 10 structural structural ADJ bracis-28365 143 11 similarity similarity NOUN bracis-28365 143 12 with with ADP bracis-28365 143 13 the the DET bracis-28365 143 14 two two NUM bracis-28365 143 15 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 143 16 parameter parameter NOUN bracis-28365 143 17 logistic logistic NOUN bracis-28365 143 18 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 143 19 2pl 2pl ADJ bracis-28365 143 20 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 143 21 item item NOUN bracis-28365 143 22 response response NOUN bracis-28365 143 23 model model NOUN bracis-28365 143 24 [ [ X bracis-28365 143 25 7 7 X bracis-28365 143 26 ] ] X bracis-28365 143 27 if if SCONJ bracis-28365 143 28 we we PRON bracis-28365 143 29 consider consider VERB bracis-28365 143 30 one one NUM bracis-28365 143 31 hidden hide VERB bracis-28365 143 32 layer layer NOUN bracis-28365 143 33 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 143 34 \(m \(m NOUN bracis-28365 143 35 = = SYM bracis-28365 143 36 1\ 1\ NUM bracis-28365 143 37 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 143 38 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 144 1 thus thus ADV bracis-28365 144 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 144 3 the the DET bracis-28365 144 4 responses response NOUN bracis-28365 144 5 were be AUX bracis-28365 144 6 simulated simulate VERB bracis-28365 144 7 using use VERB bracis-28365 144 8 the the DET bracis-28365 144 9 2pl 2pl ADJ bracis-28365 144 10 parameter parameter NOUN bracis-28365 144 11 values value NOUN bracis-28365 144 12 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 145 1 each each DET bracis-28365 145 2 implementation implementation NOUN bracis-28365 145 3 involved involve VERB bracis-28365 145 4 10 10 NUM bracis-28365 145 5 replications replication NOUN bracis-28365 145 6 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 146 1 using use VERB bracis-28365 146 2 these these DET bracis-28365 146 3 data datum NOUN bracis-28365 146 4 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 146 5 the the DET bracis-28365 146 6 parameters parameter NOUN bracis-28365 146 7 were be AUX bracis-28365 146 8 estimated estimate VERB bracis-28365 146 9 based base VERB bracis-28365 146 10 on on ADP bracis-28365 146 11 the the DET bracis-28365 146 12 dbm dbm PROPN bracis-28365 146 13 model model NOUN bracis-28365 146 14 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 147 1 to to PART bracis-28365 147 2 carry carry VERB bracis-28365 147 3 out out ADP bracis-28365 147 4 comparisons comparison NOUN bracis-28365 147 5 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 147 6 the the DET bracis-28365 147 7 average average ADJ bracis-28365 147 8 root root NOUN bracis-28365 147 9 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 147 10 mean mean NOUN bracis-28365 147 11 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 147 12 squared square VERB bracis-28365 147 13 error error NOUN bracis-28365 147 14 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 147 15 correlation correlation NOUN bracis-28365 147 16 between between ADP bracis-28365 147 17 the the DET bracis-28365 147 18 true true ADJ bracis-28365 147 19 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 147 20 estimated estimated ADJ bracis-28365 147 21 parameters parameter NOUN bracis-28365 147 22 for for ADP bracis-28365 147 23 the the DET bracis-28365 147 24 unidimensional unidimensional ADJ bracis-28365 147 25 models model NOUN bracis-28365 147 26 were be AUX bracis-28365 147 27 obtained obtain VERB bracis-28365 147 28 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 147 29 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 147 30 they they PRON bracis-28365 147 31 are be AUX bracis-28365 147 32 summarized summarize VERB bracis-28365 147 33 in in ADP bracis-28365 147 34 table table NOUN bracis-28365 147 35     SPACE bracis-28365 147 36 1 1 NUM bracis-28365 147 37 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 148 1 it it PRON bracis-28365 148 2 can can AUX bracis-28365 148 3 be be AUX bracis-28365 148 4 seen see VERB bracis-28365 148 5 that that SCONJ bracis-28365 148 6 the the DET bracis-28365 148 7 parameter parameter NOUN bracis-28365 148 8 estimates estimate NOUN bracis-28365 148 9 are be AUX bracis-28365 148 10 almost almost ADV bracis-28365 148 11 similar similar ADJ bracis-28365 148 12 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 148 13 appear appear VERB bracis-28365 148 14 to to PART bracis-28365 148 15 have have AUX bracis-28365 148 16 converged converge VERB bracis-28365 148 17 to to ADP bracis-28365 148 18 reasonable reasonable ADJ bracis-28365 148 19 values value NOUN bracis-28365 148 20 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 148 21 with with ADP bracis-28365 148 22 high high ADJ bracis-28365 148 23 correlation correlation NOUN bracis-28365 148 24 to to ADP bracis-28365 148 25 the the DET bracis-28365 148 26 ground ground NOUN bracis-28365 148 27 truth truth NOUN bracis-28365 148 28 values value NOUN bracis-28365 148 29 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 148 30 low low ADJ bracis-28365 148 31 rmse rmse NOUN bracis-28365 148 32 in in ADP bracis-28365 148 33 all all DET bracis-28365 148 34 scenarios scenario NOUN bracis-28365 148 35 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 149 1 table table NOUN bracis-28365 149 2 1 1 NUM bracis-28365 149 3 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 150 1 average average ADJ bracis-28365 150 2 root root NOUN bracis-28365 150 3 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 150 4 mean mean NOUN bracis-28365 150 5 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 150 6 squared square VERB bracis-28365 150 7 error error NOUN bracis-28365 150 8 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 150 9 correlation correlation NOUN bracis-28365 150 10 between between ADP bracis-28365 150 11 the the DET bracis-28365 150 12 true true ADJ bracis-28365 150 13 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 150 14 2pl 2pl ADJ bracis-28365 150 15 ’s ’s X bracis-28365 150 16 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 150 17 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 150 18 estimated estimate VERB bracis-28365 150 19 parameters parameter NOUN bracis-28365 150 20 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 150 21 dbm dbm PROPN bracis-28365 150 22 ’s ’s ADV bracis-28365 150 23 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 150 24 based base VERB bracis-28365 150 25 on on ADP bracis-28365 150 26 10 10 NUM bracis-28365 150 27 replications.full replications.full ADJ bracis-28365 150 28 size size NOUN bracis-28365 150 29 table table NOUN bracis-28365 150 30 4.2 4.2 NUM bracis-28365 150 31 example example NOUN bracis-28365 150 32 2 2 NUM bracis-28365 150 33 for for ADP bracis-28365 150 34 the the DET bracis-28365 150 35 second second ADJ bracis-28365 150 36 example example NOUN bracis-28365 150 37 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 150 38 the the DET bracis-28365 150 39 response response NOUN bracis-28365 150 40 datasets dataset NOUN bracis-28365 150 41 were be AUX bracis-28365 150 42 produced produce VERB bracis-28365 150 43 with with ADP bracis-28365 150 44 three three NUM bracis-28365 150 45 levels level NOUN bracis-28365 150 46 of of ADP bracis-28365 150 47 correlation correlation NOUN bracis-28365 150 48 between between ADP bracis-28365 150 49 latent latent NOUN bracis-28365 150 50 trait trait NOUN bracis-28365 150 51 dimensions dimension NOUN bracis-28365 150 52 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 150 53 \(\rho \(\rho NOUN bracis-28365 150 54 = = SYM bracis-28365 150 55 0.2,0.6\ 0.2,0.6\ NOUN bracis-28365 150 56 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 150 57 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 150 58 0.8 0.8 NUM bracis-28365 150 59 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 150 60 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 151 1 the the DET bracis-28365 151 2 data datum NOUN bracis-28365 151 3 is be AUX bracis-28365 151 4 considered consider VERB bracis-28365 151 5 more more ADV bracis-28365 151 6 unidimensional unidimensional ADJ bracis-28365 151 7 when when SCONJ bracis-28365 151 8 the the DET bracis-28365 151 9 value value NOUN bracis-28365 151 10 of of ADP bracis-28365 151 11 \(\rho \(\rho ADJ bracis-28365 151 12 \ \ NOUN bracis-28365 151 13 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 151 14 is be AUX bracis-28365 151 15 closer close ADJ bracis-28365 151 16 to to ADP bracis-28365 151 17 1 1 NUM bracis-28365 151 18 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 151 19 since since SCONJ bracis-28365 151 20 all all DET bracis-28365 151 21 latent latent NOUN bracis-28365 151 22 traits trait NOUN bracis-28365 151 23 will will AUX bracis-28365 151 24 represent represent VERB bracis-28365 151 25 the the DET bracis-28365 151 26 same same ADJ bracis-28365 151 27 piece piece NOUN bracis-28365 151 28 of of ADP bracis-28365 151 29 knowledge knowledge NOUN bracis-28365 151 30 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 152 1 the the DET bracis-28365 152 2 proficiency proficiency NOUN bracis-28365 152 3 parameters parameter NOUN bracis-28365 152 4 were be AUX bracis-28365 152 5 drawn draw VERB bracis-28365 152 6 from from ADP bracis-28365 152 7 a a DET bracis-28365 152 8 multivariate multivariate NOUN bracis-28365 152 9 normal normal ADJ bracis-28365 152 10 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-28365 152 11 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 153 1 two two NUM bracis-28365 153 2 datasets dataset NOUN bracis-28365 153 3 with with ADP bracis-28365 153 4 known known ADJ bracis-28365 153 5 characteristics characteristic NOUN bracis-28365 153 6 are be AUX bracis-28365 153 7 used use VERB bracis-28365 153 8 here here ADV bracis-28365 153 9 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 154 1 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-28365 154 2 1 1 NUM bracis-28365 154 3 was be AUX bracis-28365 154 4 designed design VERB bracis-28365 154 5 to to PART bracis-28365 154 6 represent represent VERB bracis-28365 154 7 more more ADV bracis-28365 154 8 realistic realistic ADJ bracis-28365 154 9 conditions condition NOUN bracis-28365 154 10 where where SCONJ bracis-28365 154 11 the the DET bracis-28365 154 12 difficulty difficulty NOUN bracis-28365 154 13 parameters parameter NOUN bracis-28365 154 14 were be AUX bracis-28365 154 15 confounded confound VERB bracis-28365 154 16 with with ADP bracis-28365 154 17 dimensionality dimensionality NOUN bracis-28365 154 18 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 154 19 such such ADJ bracis-28365 154 20 that that SCONJ bracis-28365 154 21 the the DET bracis-28365 154 22 easier easy ADJ bracis-28365 154 23 items item NOUN bracis-28365 154 24 tend tend VERB bracis-28365 154 25 to to PART bracis-28365 154 26 have have VERB bracis-28365 154 27 high high ADJ bracis-28365 154 28 values value NOUN bracis-28365 154 29 for for ADP bracis-28365 154 30 \(w_1\ \(w_1\ PROPN bracis-28365 154 31 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 154 32 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 154 33 more more ADV bracis-28365 154 34 difficult difficult ADJ bracis-28365 154 35 items item NOUN bracis-28365 154 36 tend tend VERB bracis-28365 154 37 to to PART bracis-28365 154 38 have have VERB bracis-28365 154 39 high high ADJ bracis-28365 154 40 values value NOUN bracis-28365 154 41 for for ADP bracis-28365 154 42 \(w_2\ \(w_2\ PROPN bracis-28365 154 43 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 154 44 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 155 1 thus thus ADV bracis-28365 155 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 155 3 the the DET bracis-28365 155 4 discrimination discrimination NOUN bracis-28365 155 5 parameters parameter NOUN bracis-28365 155 6 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 155 7 \(\textbf{w}_i \(\textbf{w}_i PROPN bracis-28365 155 8 = = SYM bracis-28365 155 9 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 155 10 w_{i1},w_{i2})\ w_{i1},w_{i2})\ NOUN bracis-28365 155 11 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 155 12 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 155 13 were be AUX bracis-28365 155 14 ranged range VERB bracis-28365 155 15 from from ADP bracis-28365 155 16 \(\textbf{w}_1 \(\textbf{w}_1 NOUN bracis-28365 155 17 = = PUNCT bracis-28365 155 18 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 155 19 1.8 1.8 NUM bracis-28365 155 20 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 155 21 0.4)\ 0.4)\ NUM bracis-28365 155 22 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 155 23 to to ADP bracis-28365 155 24 \(\textbf{w}_i \(\textbf{w}_i PROPN bracis-28365 155 25 =( =( PROPN bracis-28365 155 26 0.4 0.4 NUM bracis-28365 155 27 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 155 28 1.8)\ 1.8)\ NUM bracis-28365 155 29 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 155 30 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 155 31 a a PRON bracis-28365 155 32 was be AUX bracis-28365 155 33 ranged range VERB bracis-28365 155 34 from from ADP bracis-28365 155 35 \(-2.4\ \(-2.4\ NOUN bracis-28365 155 36 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 155 37 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 155 38 for for ADP bracis-28365 155 39 \(w_{i1 \(w_{i1 PROPN bracis-28365 155 40 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 155 41 = = NUM bracis-28365 155 42 0.4 0.4 NUM bracis-28365 155 43 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 155 44 w_{i2 w_{i2 ADJ bracis-28365 155 45 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 155 46 = = SYM bracis-28365 155 47 1.8\ 1.8\ NUM bracis-28365 155 48 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 155 49 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 155 50 to to ADP bracis-28365 155 51 2.4 2.4 NUM bracis-28365 155 52 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 155 53 for for ADP bracis-28365 155 54 \(w_{i1 \(w_{i1 NOUN bracis-28365 155 55 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 155 56 = = NOUN bracis-28365 155 57 1.8 1.8 NUM bracis-28365 155 58 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 155 59 w_{i2 w_{i2 ADJ bracis-28365 155 60 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 155 61 = = SYM bracis-28365 155 62 0.4\ 0.4\ NOUN bracis-28365 155 63 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 155 64 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 155 65 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 156 1 this this DET bracis-28365 156 2 pattern pattern NOUN bracis-28365 156 3 of of ADP bracis-28365 156 4 systematic systematic ADJ bracis-28365 156 5 shift shift NOUN bracis-28365 156 6 in in ADP bracis-28365 156 7 the the DET bracis-28365 156 8 item item NOUN bracis-28365 156 9 ’s ’s PART bracis-28365 156 10 parameters parameter NOUN bracis-28365 156 11 is be AUX bracis-28365 156 12 the the DET bracis-28365 156 13 same same ADJ bracis-28365 156 14 as as SCONJ bracis-28365 156 15 those those PRON bracis-28365 156 16 also also ADV bracis-28365 156 17 found find VERB bracis-28365 156 18 in in ADP bracis-28365 156 19 [ [ X bracis-28365 156 20 28 28 NUM bracis-28365 156 21 ] ] PUNCT bracis-28365 156 22 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 156 23 [ [ X bracis-28365 156 24 1 1 NUM bracis-28365 156 25 ] ] PUNCT bracis-28365 156 26 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 157 1 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-28365 157 2 2 2 NUM bracis-28365 157 3 was be AUX bracis-28365 157 4 generated generate VERB bracis-28365 157 5 according accord VERB bracis-28365 157 6 to to ADP bracis-28365 157 7 [ [ X bracis-28365 157 8 2 2 NUM bracis-28365 157 9 ] ] PUNCT bracis-28365 157 10 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 157 11 considering consider VERB bracis-28365 157 12 three three NUM bracis-28365 157 13 dimensions dimension NOUN bracis-28365 157 14 in in ADP bracis-28365 157 15 the the DET bracis-28365 157 16 latent latent NOUN bracis-28365 157 17 trait trait NOUN bracis-28365 157 18 to to PART bracis-28365 157 19 obtain obtain VERB bracis-28365 157 20 the the DET bracis-28365 157 21 simulated simulated ADJ bracis-28365 157 22 response response NOUN bracis-28365 157 23 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 158 1 the the DET bracis-28365 158 2 results result NOUN bracis-28365 158 3 are be AUX bracis-28365 158 4 presented present VERB bracis-28365 158 5 in in ADP bracis-28365 158 6 fig fig NOUN bracis-28365 158 7 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 158 8     SPACE bracis-28365 159 1 4 4 NUM bracis-28365 159 2 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 160 1 in in ADP bracis-28365 160 2 contrast contrast NOUN bracis-28365 160 3 to to ADP bracis-28365 160 4 the the DET bracis-28365 160 5 previous previous ADJ bracis-28365 160 6 example example NOUN bracis-28365 160 7 where where SCONJ bracis-28365 160 8 the the DET bracis-28365 160 9 dimension dimension NOUN bracis-28365 160 10 was be AUX bracis-28365 160 11 set set VERB bracis-28365 160 12 at at ADP bracis-28365 160 13 1 1 NUM bracis-28365 160 14 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 160 15 in in ADP bracis-28365 160 16 cases case NOUN bracis-28365 160 17 involving involve VERB bracis-28365 160 18 multiple multiple ADJ bracis-28365 160 19 dimensions dimension NOUN bracis-28365 160 20 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 160 21 there there PRON bracis-28365 160 22 are be VERB bracis-28365 160 23 additional additional ADJ bracis-28365 160 24 discrimination discrimination NOUN bracis-28365 160 25 parameters parameter NOUN bracis-28365 160 26 to to PART bracis-28365 160 27 consider consider VERB bracis-28365 160 28 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 161 1 consequently consequently ADV bracis-28365 161 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 161 3 only only ADV bracis-28365 161 4 a a DET bracis-28365 161 5 correlation correlation NOUN bracis-28365 161 6 metric metric NOUN bracis-28365 161 7 was be AUX bracis-28365 161 8 employed employ VERB bracis-28365 161 9 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 162 1 overall overall ADV bracis-28365 162 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 162 3 the the DET bracis-28365 162 4 model model NOUN bracis-28365 162 5 recovered recover VERB bracis-28365 162 6 the the DET bracis-28365 162 7 parameters parameter NOUN bracis-28365 162 8 precisely precisely ADV bracis-28365 162 9 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 162 10 particularly particularly ADV bracis-28365 162 11 when when SCONJ bracis-28365 162 12 the the DET bracis-28365 162 13 model model NOUN bracis-28365 162 14 considered consider VERB bracis-28365 162 15 was be AUX bracis-28365 162 16 two two NUM bracis-28365 162 17 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 162 18 dimensional dimensional ADJ bracis-28365 162 19 in in ADP bracis-28365 162 20 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-28365 162 21 1 1 NUM bracis-28365 162 22 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 162 23 three three NUM bracis-28365 162 24 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 162 25 dimensional dimensional ADJ bracis-28365 162 26 in in ADP bracis-28365 162 27 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-28365 162 28 2 2 NUM bracis-28365 162 29 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 162 30 matching match VERB bracis-28365 162 31 the the DET bracis-28365 162 32 number number NOUN bracis-28365 162 33 of of ADP bracis-28365 162 34 latent latent NOUN bracis-28365 162 35 traits trait NOUN bracis-28365 162 36 used use VERB bracis-28365 162 37 to to PART bracis-28365 162 38 generate generate VERB bracis-28365 162 39 the the DET bracis-28365 162 40 responses response NOUN bracis-28365 162 41 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 162 42 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 163 1 it it PRON bracis-28365 163 2 is be AUX bracis-28365 163 3 worth worth ADJ bracis-28365 163 4 noting note VERB bracis-28365 163 5 that that SCONJ bracis-28365 163 6 when when SCONJ bracis-28365 163 7 a a DET bracis-28365 163 8 one one NUM bracis-28365 163 9 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 163 10 dimensional dimensional ADJ bracis-28365 163 11 model model NOUN bracis-28365 163 12 was be AUX bracis-28365 163 13 employed employ VERB bracis-28365 163 14 with with ADP bracis-28365 163 15 multidimensional multidimensional ADJ bracis-28365 163 16 data datum NOUN bracis-28365 163 17 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 163 18 we we PRON bracis-28365 163 19 observed observe VERB bracis-28365 163 20 poor poor ADJ bracis-28365 163 21 estimates estimate NOUN bracis-28365 163 22 of of ADP bracis-28365 163 23 the the DET bracis-28365 163 24 discrimination discrimination NOUN bracis-28365 163 25 parameters parameter NOUN bracis-28365 163 26 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 164 1 furthermore furthermore ADV bracis-28365 164 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 164 3 the the DET bracis-28365 164 4 results result NOUN bracis-28365 164 5 were be AUX bracis-28365 164 6 slightly slightly ADV bracis-28365 164 7 worse bad ADJ bracis-28365 164 8 when when SCONJ bracis-28365 164 9 the the DET bracis-28365 164 10 correlation correlation NOUN bracis-28365 164 11 between between ADP bracis-28365 164 12 competencies competency NOUN bracis-28365 164 13 was be AUX bracis-28365 164 14 0.8 0.8 NUM bracis-28365 164 15 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 164 16 a a DET bracis-28365 164 17 quite quite ADV bracis-28365 164 18 high high ADJ bracis-28365 164 19 correlation correlation NOUN bracis-28365 164 20 value value NOUN bracis-28365 164 21 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 165 1 fig fig NOUN bracis-28365 165 2 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 166 1 4 4 X bracis-28365 166 2 . . X bracis-28365 166 3 results result NOUN bracis-28365 166 4 of of ADP bracis-28365 166 5 correlation correlation NOUN bracis-28365 166 6 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 166 7 rmse rmse NOUN bracis-28365 166 8 for for SCONJ bracis-28365 166 9 the the DET bracis-28365 166 10 data data NOUN bracis-28365 166 11 sets set VERB bracis-28365 166 12 1 1 NUM bracis-28365 166 13 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 166 14 2 2 NUM bracis-28365 166 15 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 166 16 full full ADJ bracis-28365 166 17 size size NOUN bracis-28365 166 18 image image NOUN bracis-28365 166 19 5 5 NUM bracis-28365 166 20 real real ADJ bracis-28365 166 21 data datum NOUN bracis-28365 166 22 analysis analysis NOUN bracis-28365 166 23 in in ADP bracis-28365 166 24 the the DET bracis-28365 166 25 following following NOUN bracis-28365 166 26 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 166 27 the the DET bracis-28365 166 28 operation operation NOUN bracis-28365 166 29 of of ADP bracis-28365 166 30 the the DET bracis-28365 166 31 recommender recommender NOUN bracis-28365 166 32 system system NOUN bracis-28365 166 33 is be AUX bracis-28365 166 34 illustrated illustrate VERB bracis-28365 166 35 by by ADP bracis-28365 166 36 a a DET bracis-28365 166 37 real real ADJ bracis-28365 166 38 example example NOUN bracis-28365 166 39 which which PRON bracis-28365 166 40 comprises comprise VERB bracis-28365 166 41 the the DET bracis-28365 166 42 brazilian brazilian ADJ bracis-28365 166 43 national national ADJ bracis-28365 166 44 high high ADJ bracis-28365 166 45 school school NOUN bracis-28365 166 46 examination examination NOUN bracis-28365 166 47 [ [ X bracis-28365 166 48 13 13 NUM bracis-28365 166 49 ] ] PUNCT bracis-28365 166 50 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 167 1 this this PRON bracis-28365 167 2 is be AUX bracis-28365 167 3 a a DET bracis-28365 167 4 non non ADJ bracis-28365 167 5 - - ADJ bracis-28365 167 6 mandatory mandatory ADJ bracis-28365 167 7 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 167 8 standardized standardized ADJ bracis-28365 167 9 exam exam NOUN bracis-28365 167 10 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 167 11 that that PRON bracis-28365 167 12 evaluates evaluate VERB bracis-28365 167 13 high high ADJ bracis-28365 167 14 school school NOUN bracis-28365 167 15 students student NOUN bracis-28365 167 16 in in ADP bracis-28365 167 17 brazil brazil PROPN bracis-28365 167 18 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 168 1 every every DET bracis-28365 168 2 year year NOUN bracis-28365 168 3 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 168 4 more more ADJ bracis-28365 168 5 than than ADP bracis-28365 168 6 5 5 NUM bracis-28365 168 7 million million NUM bracis-28365 168 8 students student NOUN bracis-28365 168 9 take take VERB bracis-28365 168 10 the the DET bracis-28365 168 11 test test NOUN bracis-28365 168 12 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 168 13 which which PRON bracis-28365 168 14 is be AUX bracis-28365 168 15 composed compose VERB bracis-28365 168 16 of of ADP bracis-28365 168 17 180 180 NUM bracis-28365 168 18 multiple multiple ADJ bracis-28365 168 19 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 168 20 choice choice NOUN bracis-28365 168 21 items item NOUN bracis-28365 168 22 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 168 23 coded code VERB bracis-28365 168 24 as as ADP bracis-28365 168 25 zero zero NUM bracis-28365 168 26 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 168 27 incorrect incorrect ADJ bracis-28365 168 28 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 168 29 or or CCONJ bracis-28365 168 30 one one NUM bracis-28365 168 31 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 168 32 correct correct ADJ bracis-28365 168 33 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 168 34 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 168 35 on on ADP bracis-28365 168 36 four four NUM bracis-28365 168 37 main main ADJ bracis-28365 168 38 content content NOUN bracis-28365 168 39 areas area NOUN bracis-28365 168 40 referred refer VERB bracis-28365 168 41 to to ADP bracis-28365 168 42 as as ADP bracis-28365 168 43 natural natural ADJ bracis-28365 168 44 sciences science NOUN bracis-28365 168 45 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 168 46 nc nc PROPN bracis-28365 168 47 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 168 48 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 168 49 human human ADJ bracis-28365 168 50 sciences sciences PROPN bracis-28365 168 51 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 168 52 hs hs X bracis-28365 168 53 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 168 54 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 168 55 languages language NOUN bracis-28365 168 56 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 168 57 codes code NOUN bracis-28365 168 58 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 168 59 lc lc NOUN bracis-28365 168 60 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 168 61 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 168 62 mathematics mathematics PROPN bracis-28365 168 63 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 168 64 mt mt PROPN bracis-28365 168 65 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 168 66 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 169 1 after after ADP bracis-28365 169 2 2009 2009 NUM bracis-28365 169 3 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 169 4 its its PRON bracis-28365 169 5 importance importance NOUN bracis-28365 169 6 has have AUX bracis-28365 169 7 increased increase VERB bracis-28365 169 8 since since SCONJ bracis-28365 169 9 enem enem PROPN bracis-28365 169 10 scores score NOUN bracis-28365 169 11 became became AUX bracis-28365 169 12 accepted accept VERB bracis-28365 169 13 for for ADP bracis-28365 169 14 admission admission NOUN bracis-28365 169 15 by by ADP bracis-28365 169 16 more more ADJ bracis-28365 169 17 than than ADP bracis-28365 169 18 23 23 NUM bracis-28365 169 19 universities university NOUN bracis-28365 169 20 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 169 21 other other ADJ bracis-28365 169 22 institutions institution NOUN bracis-28365 169 23 as as ADV bracis-28365 169 24 well well ADV bracis-28365 169 25 as as ADP bracis-28365 169 26 for for ADP bracis-28365 169 27 certification certification NOUN bracis-28365 169 28 for for ADP bracis-28365 169 29 a a DET bracis-28365 169 30 high high ADJ bracis-28365 169 31 school school NOUN bracis-28365 169 32 degree degree NOUN bracis-28365 169 33 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 170 1 this this DET bracis-28365 170 2 study study NOUN bracis-28365 170 3 selected select VERB bracis-28365 170 4 a a DET bracis-28365 170 5 sample sample NOUN bracis-28365 170 6 of of ADP bracis-28365 170 7 100.000.000 100.000.000 NUM bracis-28365 170 8 responses response NOUN bracis-28365 170 9 of of ADP bracis-28365 170 10 the the DET bracis-28365 170 11 2018 2018 NUM bracis-28365 170 12 enem enem PROPN bracis-28365 170 13 datasetfootnote datasetfootnote VERB bracis-28365 170 14 1 1 NUM bracis-28365 170 15 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 170 16 among among ADP bracis-28365 170 17 those those PRON bracis-28365 170 18 that that PRON bracis-28365 170 19 answered answer VERB bracis-28365 170 20 all all DET bracis-28365 170 21 180 180 NUM bracis-28365 170 22 items item NOUN bracis-28365 170 23 of of ADP bracis-28365 170 24 the the DET bracis-28365 170 25 test test NOUN bracis-28365 170 26 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 170 27 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 171 1 the the DET bracis-28365 171 2 number number NOUN bracis-28365 171 3 of of ADP bracis-28365 171 4 test test NOUN bracis-28365 171 5 dimensions dimension NOUN bracis-28365 171 6 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 171 7 latent latent NOUN bracis-28365 171 8 traits trait NOUN bracis-28365 171 9 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 171 10 was be AUX bracis-28365 171 11 inferred infer VERB bracis-28365 171 12 from from ADP bracis-28365 171 13 the the DET bracis-28365 171 14 presence presence NOUN bracis-28365 171 15 of of ADP bracis-28365 171 16 a a DET bracis-28365 171 17 single single ADJ bracis-28365 171 18 factor factor NOUN bracis-28365 171 19 in in ADP bracis-28365 171 20 all all DET bracis-28365 171 21 items item NOUN bracis-28365 171 22 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 171 23 evidence evidence NOUN bracis-28365 171 24 of of ADP bracis-28365 171 25 distinct distinct ADJ bracis-28365 171 26 clusters cluster NOUN bracis-28365 171 27 of of ADP bracis-28365 171 28 local local ADJ bracis-28365 171 29 dependencies dependency NOUN bracis-28365 171 30 formed form VERB bracis-28365 171 31 by by ADP bracis-28365 171 32 other other ADJ bracis-28365 171 33 factors factor NOUN bracis-28365 171 34 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 171 35 based base VERB bracis-28365 171 36 on on ADP bracis-28365 171 37 the the DET bracis-28365 171 38 bayesian bayesian NOUN bracis-28365 171 39 information information NOUN bracis-28365 171 40 criterion criterion NOUN bracis-28365 171 41 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 172 1 the the DET bracis-28365 172 2 results result NOUN bracis-28365 172 3 indicate indicate VERB bracis-28365 172 4 that that SCONJ bracis-28365 172 5 the the DET bracis-28365 172 6 data datum NOUN bracis-28365 172 7 set set VERB bracis-28365 172 8 ’s ’s PART bracis-28365 172 9 dimensionality dimensionality NOUN bracis-28365 172 10 is be AUX bracis-28365 172 11 equal equal ADJ bracis-28365 172 12 to to ADP bracis-28365 172 13 4 4 NUM bracis-28365 172 14 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 173 1 thus thus ADV bracis-28365 173 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 173 3 we we PRON bracis-28365 173 4 considered consider VERB bracis-28365 173 5 a a DET bracis-28365 173 6 model model NOUN bracis-28365 173 7 with with ADP bracis-28365 173 8 four four NUM bracis-28365 173 9 latent latent NOUN bracis-28365 173 10 traits trait NOUN bracis-28365 173 11 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 174 1 furthermore furthermore ADV bracis-28365 174 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 174 3 the the DET bracis-28365 174 4 generative generative ADJ bracis-28365 174 5 p p NOUN bracis-28365 174 6 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 174 7 value value NOUN bracis-28365 174 8 for for ADP bracis-28365 174 9 the the DET bracis-28365 174 10 latent latent NOUN bracis-28365 174 11 traits trait NOUN bracis-28365 174 12 was be AUX bracis-28365 174 13 0.69 0.69 NUM bracis-28365 174 14 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 174 15 for for ADP bracis-28365 174 16 the the DET bracis-28365 174 17 overall overall ADJ bracis-28365 174 18 items item NOUN bracis-28365 174 19 it it PRON bracis-28365 174 20 was be AUX bracis-28365 174 21 0.66 0.66 NUM bracis-28365 174 22 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 175 1 these these DET bracis-28365 175 2 results result NOUN bracis-28365 175 3 suggest suggest VERB bracis-28365 175 4 that that SCONJ bracis-28365 175 5 the the DET bracis-28365 175 6 selected select VERB bracis-28365 175 7 model model NOUN bracis-28365 175 8 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 175 9 in in ADP bracis-28365 175 10 terms term NOUN bracis-28365 175 11 of of ADP bracis-28365 175 12 the the DET bracis-28365 175 13 number number NOUN bracis-28365 175 14 of of ADP bracis-28365 175 15 dimensions dimension NOUN bracis-28365 175 16 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 175 17 is be AUX bracis-28365 175 18 appropriate appropriate ADJ bracis-28365 175 19 for for ADP bracis-28365 175 20 the the DET bracis-28365 175 21 data datum NOUN bracis-28365 175 22 set set VERB bracis-28365 175 23 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 176 1 figure figure NOUN bracis-28365 176 2     SPACE bracis-28365 176 3 5a 5a PROPN bracis-28365 176 4 illustrates illustrate VERB bracis-28365 176 5 the the DET bracis-28365 176 6 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-28365 176 7 of of ADP bracis-28365 176 8 the the DET bracis-28365 176 9 latent latent NOUN bracis-28365 176 10 trait trait NOUN bracis-28365 176 11 according accord VERB bracis-28365 176 12 to to ADP bracis-28365 176 13 each each PRON bracis-28365 176 14 of of ADP bracis-28365 176 15 the the DET bracis-28365 176 16 four four NUM bracis-28365 176 17 dimensions dimension NOUN bracis-28365 176 18 of of ADP bracis-28365 176 19 knowledge knowledge NOUN bracis-28365 176 20 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 177 1 additionally additionally ADV bracis-28365 177 2 their their PRON bracis-28365 177 3 correlation correlation NOUN bracis-28365 177 4 is be AUX bracis-28365 177 5 illustrated illustrate VERB bracis-28365 177 6 in in ADP bracis-28365 177 7 fig fig NOUN bracis-28365 177 8 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 177 9     SPACE bracis-28365 178 1 5b 5b NUM bracis-28365 178 2 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 179 1 note note VERB bracis-28365 179 2 that that SCONJ bracis-28365 179 3 the the DET bracis-28365 179 4 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-28365 179 5 of of ADP bracis-28365 179 6 latent latent NOUN bracis-28365 179 7 traits trait NOUN bracis-28365 179 8 are be AUX bracis-28365 179 9 complementary complementary ADJ bracis-28365 179 10 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 179 11 compensatory compensatory ADJ bracis-28365 179 12 structure structure NOUN bracis-28365 179 13 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 179 14 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 179 15 reinforcing reinforce VERB bracis-28365 179 16 their their PRON bracis-28365 179 17 multidimensional multidimensional ADJ bracis-28365 179 18 nature nature NOUN bracis-28365 179 19 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 180 1 in in ADP bracis-28365 180 2 other other ADJ bracis-28365 180 3 words word NOUN bracis-28365 180 4 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 180 5 a a DET bracis-28365 180 6 high high ADJ bracis-28365 180 7 ability ability NOUN bracis-28365 180 8 on on ADP bracis-28365 180 9 one one NUM bracis-28365 180 10 dimension dimension NOUN bracis-28365 180 11 can can AUX bracis-28365 180 12 compensate compensate VERB bracis-28365 180 13 for for ADP bracis-28365 180 14 a a DET bracis-28365 180 15 low low ADJ bracis-28365 180 16 ability ability NOUN bracis-28365 180 17 on on ADP bracis-28365 180 18 another another DET bracis-28365 180 19 dimension dimension NOUN bracis-28365 180 20 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 181 1 for for ADP bracis-28365 181 2 instance instance NOUN bracis-28365 181 3 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 181 4 having have VERB bracis-28365 181 5 a a DET bracis-28365 181 6 high high ADJ bracis-28365 181 7 level level NOUN bracis-28365 181 8 of of ADP bracis-28365 181 9 proficiency proficiency NOUN bracis-28365 181 10 in in ADP bracis-28365 181 11 ‘ ' PUNCT bracis-28365 181 12 reading read VERB bracis-28365 181 13 comprehension comprehension NOUN bracis-28365 181 14 ’ ' PUNCT bracis-28365 181 15 can can AUX bracis-28365 181 16 offset offset VERB bracis-28365 181 17 a a DET bracis-28365 181 18 lower low ADJ bracis-28365 181 19 proficiency proficiency NOUN bracis-28365 181 20 in in ADP bracis-28365 181 21 ‘ ' PUNCT bracis-28365 181 22 basic basic ADJ bracis-28365 181 23 mathematics mathematic NOUN bracis-28365 181 24 ’ ' PUNCT bracis-28365 181 25 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 182 1 in in ADP bracis-28365 182 2 addition addition NOUN bracis-28365 182 3 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 182 4 it it PRON bracis-28365 182 5 is be AUX bracis-28365 182 6 possible possible ADJ bracis-28365 182 7 to to PART bracis-28365 182 8 assemble assemble VERB bracis-28365 182 9 all all DET bracis-28365 182 10 dimensions dimension NOUN bracis-28365 182 11 into into ADP bracis-28365 182 12 one one NUM bracis-28365 182 13 unidimensional unidimensional ADJ bracis-28365 182 14 representation representation NOUN bracis-28365 182 15 as as SCONJ bracis-28365 182 16 described describe VERB bracis-28365 182 17 in in ADP bracis-28365 182 18 fig fig NOUN bracis-28365 182 19 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 182 20     SPACE bracis-28365 182 21 5c 5c NOUN bracis-28365 182 22 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 183 1 thereby thereby ADV bracis-28365 183 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 183 3 we we PRON bracis-28365 183 4 assess assess VERB bracis-28365 183 5 the the DET bracis-28365 183 6 overall overall ADJ bracis-28365 183 7 latent latent NOUN bracis-28365 183 8 trait trait NOUN bracis-28365 183 9 to to PART bracis-28365 183 10 compare compare VERB bracis-28365 183 11 students student NOUN bracis-28365 183 12 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 184 1 moreover moreover ADV bracis-28365 184 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 184 3 this this DET bracis-28365 184 4 information information NOUN bracis-28365 184 5 is be AUX bracis-28365 184 6 used use VERB bracis-28365 184 7 to to PART bracis-28365 184 8 make make VERB bracis-28365 184 9 recommendations recommendation NOUN bracis-28365 184 10 for for ADP bracis-28365 184 11 suitable suitable ADJ bracis-28365 184 12 new new ADJ bracis-28365 184 13 items item NOUN bracis-28365 184 14 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 185 1 after after ADP bracis-28365 185 2 applying apply VERB bracis-28365 185 3 the the DET bracis-28365 185 4 recommendation recommendation NOUN bracis-28365 185 5 system system NOUN bracis-28365 185 6 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 185 7 many many ADJ bracis-28365 185 8 improvements improvement NOUN bracis-28365 185 9 emerged emerge VERB bracis-28365 185 10 after after ADP bracis-28365 185 11 applying apply VERB bracis-28365 185 12 a a DET bracis-28365 185 13 here here ADV bracis-28365 185 14 called call VERB bracis-28365 185 15 step step NOUN bracis-28365 185 16 2 2 NUM bracis-28365 185 17 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 185 18 where where SCONJ bracis-28365 185 19 items item NOUN bracis-28365 185 20 are be AUX bracis-28365 185 21 recommended recommend VERB bracis-28365 185 22 according accord VERB bracis-28365 185 23 to to ADP bracis-28365 185 24 eq eq PROPN bracis-28365 185 25 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 185 26     SPACE bracis-28365 186 1 5 5 NUM bracis-28365 186 2 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 187 1 it it PRON bracis-28365 187 2 achieved achieve VERB bracis-28365 187 3 the the DET bracis-28365 187 4 personalized personalized ADJ bracis-28365 187 5 items item NOUN bracis-28365 187 6 based base VERB bracis-28365 187 7 on on ADP bracis-28365 187 8 the the DET bracis-28365 187 9 examinee examinee NOUN bracis-28365 187 10 ’s ’s PART bracis-28365 187 11 neighborhood neighborhood NOUN bracis-28365 187 12 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 187 13 dug dig VERB bracis-28365 187 14 further far ADV bracis-28365 187 15 into into ADP bracis-28365 187 16 the the DET bracis-28365 187 17 quality quality NOUN bracis-28365 187 18 of of ADP bracis-28365 187 19 recommendations recommendation NOUN bracis-28365 187 20 to to PART bracis-28365 187 21 determine determine VERB bracis-28365 187 22 the the DET bracis-28365 187 23 degree degree NOUN bracis-28365 187 24 of of ADP bracis-28365 187 25 fault fault NOUN bracis-28365 187 26 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 187 27 stages stage NOUN bracis-28365 187 28 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 187 29 as as SCONJ bracis-28365 187 30 shown show VERB bracis-28365 187 31 in in ADP bracis-28365 187 32 fig fig NOUN bracis-28365 187 33 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 187 34     SPACE bracis-28365 187 35 6(left 6(left NOUN bracis-28365 187 36 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 187 37 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 187 38 instead instead ADV bracis-28365 187 39 of of ADP bracis-28365 187 40 simply simply ADV bracis-28365 187 41 choosing choose VERB bracis-28365 187 42 according accord VERB bracis-28365 187 43 to to ADP bracis-28365 187 44 \(p \(p PROPN bracis-28365 187 45 \left \left PROPN bracis-28365 187 46 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 187 47 x_{ij x_{ij PROPN bracis-28365 187 48 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 187 49 = = SYM bracis-28365 187 50 1 1 NUM bracis-28365 187 51 | | ADV bracis-28365 187 52 \textbf{y \textbf{y PROPN bracis-28365 187 53 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 187 54 ; ; PUNCT bracis-28365 187 55 \mathbf \mathbf PROPN bracis-28365 187 56 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 187 57 \theta \theta PROPN bracis-28365 187 58 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 187 59 \right \right PROPN bracis-28365 187 60 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 187 61 \ \ NOUN bracis-28365 187 62 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 187 63 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 187 64 as as SCONJ bracis-28365 187 65 depicted depict VERB bracis-28365 187 66 in in ADP bracis-28365 187 67 fig fig NOUN bracis-28365 187 68 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 187 69     SPACE bracis-28365 187 70 6(right 6(right NOUN bracis-28365 187 71 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 187 72 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 188 1 on on ADP bracis-28365 188 2 the the DET bracis-28365 188 3 left left NOUN bracis-28365 188 4 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 188 5 each each DET bracis-28365 188 6 point point NOUN bracis-28365 188 7 expresses express VERB bracis-28365 188 8 the the DET bracis-28365 188 9 proportion proportion NOUN bracis-28365 188 10 of of ADP bracis-28365 188 11 items item NOUN bracis-28365 188 12 correctly correctly ADV bracis-28365 188 13 answered answer VERB bracis-28365 188 14 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 188 15 chosen choose VERB bracis-28365 188 16 according accord VERB bracis-28365 188 17 to to ADP bracis-28365 188 18 their their PRON bracis-28365 188 19 expected expect VERB bracis-28365 188 20 probability probability NOUN bracis-28365 188 21 of of ADP bracis-28365 188 22 failure failure NOUN bracis-28365 188 23 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 188 24 based base VERB bracis-28365 188 25 on on ADP bracis-28365 188 26 the the DET bracis-28365 188 27 k k PROPN bracis-28365 188 28 nearest near ADJ bracis-28365 188 29 neighbors neighbor NOUN bracis-28365 188 30 responses response NOUN bracis-28365 188 31 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 188 32 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 189 1 in in ADP bracis-28365 189 2 contrast contrast NOUN bracis-28365 189 3 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 189 4 on on ADP bracis-28365 189 5 the the DET bracis-28365 189 6 right right NOUN bracis-28365 189 7 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 189 8 the the DET bracis-28365 189 9 experiences experience NOUN bracis-28365 189 10 of of ADP bracis-28365 189 11 like like ADP bracis-28365 189 12 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 189 13 minded minded ADJ bracis-28365 189 14 student student NOUN bracis-28365 189 15 is be AUX bracis-28365 189 16 ignored ignore VERB bracis-28365 189 17 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 190 1 one one PRON bracis-28365 190 2 would would AUX bracis-28365 190 3 expect expect VERB bracis-28365 190 4 the the DET bracis-28365 190 5 box box NOUN bracis-28365 190 6 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 190 7 plots plot NOUN bracis-28365 190 8 to to PART bracis-28365 190 9 be be AUX bracis-28365 190 10 within within ADP bracis-28365 190 11 the the DET bracis-28365 190 12 horizontal horizontal ADJ bracis-28365 190 13 dashed dash VERB bracis-28365 190 14 lines line NOUN bracis-28365 190 15 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 190 16 that that ADV bracis-28365 190 17 is is ADV bracis-28365 190 18 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 190 19 if if SCONJ bracis-28365 190 20 one one NUM bracis-28365 190 21 sets set VERB bracis-28365 190 22 as as ADP bracis-28365 190 23 goal goal NOUN bracis-28365 190 24 an an DET bracis-28365 190 25 average average NOUN bracis-28365 190 26 of of ADP bracis-28365 190 27 0.2 0.2 NUM bracis-28365 190 28 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 190 29 20 20 NUM bracis-28365 190 30 % % NOUN bracis-28365 190 31 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 190 32 of of ADP bracis-28365 190 33 correct correct ADJ bracis-28365 190 34 responses response NOUN bracis-28365 190 35 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 190 36 the the DET bracis-28365 190 37 students student NOUN bracis-28365 190 38 responses response NOUN bracis-28365 190 39 should should AUX bracis-28365 190 40 be be AUX bracis-28365 190 41 around around ADP bracis-28365 190 42 this this DET bracis-28365 190 43 value value NOUN bracis-28365 190 44 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 191 1 this this PRON bracis-28365 191 2 clearly clearly ADV bracis-28365 191 3 happens happen VERB bracis-28365 191 4 more more ADV bracis-28365 191 5 effectively effectively ADV bracis-28365 191 6 when when SCONJ bracis-28365 191 7 step step NOUN bracis-28365 191 8 2 2 NUM bracis-28365 191 9 is be AUX bracis-28365 191 10 used use VERB bracis-28365 191 11 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 191 12 left leave VERB bracis-28365 191 13 of of ADP bracis-28365 191 14 fig fig NOUN bracis-28365 191 15 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 191 16     SPACE bracis-28365 191 17 6 6 NUM bracis-28365 191 18 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 191 19 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 191 20 since since SCONJ bracis-28365 191 21 the the DET bracis-28365 191 22 boxplots boxplot NOUN bracis-28365 191 23 presents present VERB bracis-28365 191 24 a a DET bracis-28365 191 25 lower low ADJ bracis-28365 191 26 variation variation NOUN bracis-28365 191 27 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 191 28 are be AUX bracis-28365 191 29 around around ADP bracis-28365 191 30 the the DET bracis-28365 191 31 horizontal horizontal ADJ bracis-28365 191 32 lines line NOUN bracis-28365 191 33 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 192 1 in in ADP bracis-28365 192 2 practice practice NOUN bracis-28365 192 3 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 192 4 this this PRON bracis-28365 192 5 means mean VERB bracis-28365 192 6 being be AUX bracis-28365 192 7 able able ADJ bracis-28365 192 8 to to PART bracis-28365 192 9 recommend recommend VERB bracis-28365 192 10 items item NOUN bracis-28365 192 11 that that PRON bracis-28365 192 12 challenge challenge VERB bracis-28365 192 13 the the DET bracis-28365 192 14 student student NOUN bracis-28365 192 15 at at ADP bracis-28365 192 16 any any DET bracis-28365 192 17 level level NOUN bracis-28365 192 18 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 192 19 from from ADP bracis-28365 192 20 items item NOUN bracis-28365 192 21 with with ADP bracis-28365 192 22 a a DET bracis-28365 192 23 low low ADJ bracis-28365 192 24 chance chance NOUN bracis-28365 192 25 of of ADP bracis-28365 192 26 solution solution NOUN bracis-28365 192 27 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 192 28 e.g. e.g. ADV bracis-28365 192 29 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 192 30 expected expect VERB bracis-28365 192 31 average average ADJ bracis-28365 192 32 = = ADJ bracis-28365 192 33 0.2 0.2 NUM bracis-28365 192 34 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 192 35 to to ADP bracis-28365 192 36 high high ADJ bracis-28365 192 37 chance chance NOUN bracis-28365 192 38 of of ADP bracis-28365 192 39 solving solve VERB bracis-28365 192 40 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 192 41 e.g. e.g. ADV bracis-28365 192 42 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 192 43 expected expect VERB bracis-28365 192 44 average average ADJ bracis-28365 192 45 = = NOUN bracis-28365 192 46 0.8 0.8 NUM bracis-28365 192 47 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 192 48 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 193 1 this this DET bracis-28365 193 2 information information NOUN bracis-28365 193 3 is be AUX bracis-28365 193 4 more more ADV bracis-28365 193 5 refined refined ADJ bracis-28365 193 6 than than ADP bracis-28365 193 7 simply simply ADV bracis-28365 193 8 considering consider VERB bracis-28365 193 9 \(p \(p PROPN bracis-28365 193 10 \left \left PROPN bracis-28365 193 11 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 193 12 x_{ij x_{ij PROPN bracis-28365 193 13 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 193 14 = = SYM bracis-28365 193 15 1 1 NUM bracis-28365 193 16 | | ADV bracis-28365 193 17 \textbf{y \textbf{y PROPN bracis-28365 193 18 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 193 19 ; ; PUNCT bracis-28365 193 20 \mathbf \mathbf PROPN bracis-28365 193 21 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 193 22 \theta \theta PROPN bracis-28365 193 23 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 193 24 \right \right PROPN bracis-28365 193 25 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 193 26 \ \ NOUN bracis-28365 193 27 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 193 28 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 193 29 which which PRON bracis-28365 193 30 does do AUX bracis-28365 193 31 not not PART bracis-28365 193 32 yield yield VERB bracis-28365 193 33 good good ADJ bracis-28365 193 34 results result NOUN bracis-28365 193 35 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 193 36 especially especially ADV bracis-28365 193 37 for for ADP bracis-28365 193 38 items item NOUN bracis-28365 193 39 that that PRON bracis-28365 193 40 do do AUX bracis-28365 193 41 not not PART bracis-28365 193 42 challenge challenge VERB bracis-28365 193 43 the the DET bracis-28365 193 44 student student NOUN bracis-28365 193 45 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 193 46 with with ADP bracis-28365 193 47 expected expect VERB bracis-28365 193 48 average average NOUN bracis-28365 193 49 of of ADP bracis-28365 193 50 correct correct ADJ bracis-28365 193 51 responses response NOUN bracis-28365 193 52 from from ADP bracis-28365 193 53 0.4 0.4 NUM bracis-28365 193 54 onwards onward NOUN bracis-28365 193 55 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 193 56 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 194 1 fig fig NOUN bracis-28365 194 2 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 195 1 5 5 X bracis-28365 195 2 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 196 1 the the DET bracis-28365 196 2 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-28365 196 3 of of ADP bracis-28365 196 4 the the DET bracis-28365 196 5 latent latent NOUN bracis-28365 196 6 trait trait NOUN bracis-28365 196 7 according accord VERB bracis-28365 196 8 to to ADP bracis-28365 196 9 each each DET bracis-28365 196 10 dimension dimension NOUN bracis-28365 196 11 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 196 12 panel panel NOUN bracis-28365 196 13 a a X bracis-28365 196 14 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 196 15 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 196 16 its its PRON bracis-28365 196 17 correlation correlation NOUN bracis-28365 196 18 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 196 19 panel panel NOUN bracis-28365 196 20 b b NOUN bracis-28365 196 21 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 196 22 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 196 23 as as ADV bracis-28365 196 24 well well ADV bracis-28365 196 25 as as ADP bracis-28365 196 26 the the DET bracis-28365 196 27 assemble assemble ADJ bracis-28365 196 28 unidimensional unidimensional ADJ bracis-28365 196 29 representation representation NOUN bracis-28365 196 30 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 196 31 panel panel NOUN bracis-28365 196 32 c c NOUN bracis-28365 196 33 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 196 34 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 197 1 full full ADJ bracis-28365 197 2 size size NOUN bracis-28365 197 3 image image NOUN bracis-28365 197 4 fig fig NOUN bracis-28365 197 5 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 198 1 6 6 NUM bracis-28365 198 2 . . X bracis-28365 198 3 results result NOUN bracis-28365 198 4 of of ADP bracis-28365 198 5 recommender recommender NOUN bracis-28365 198 6 system system NOUN bracis-28365 198 7 step step NOUN bracis-28365 198 8 2 2 NUM bracis-28365 198 9 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 199 1 the the DET bracis-28365 199 2 left left ADJ bracis-28365 199 3 panel panel NOUN bracis-28365 199 4 refers refer VERB bracis-28365 199 5 to to ADP bracis-28365 199 6 the the DET bracis-28365 199 7 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-28365 199 8 of of ADP bracis-28365 199 9 the the DET bracis-28365 199 10 observed observed ADJ bracis-28365 199 11 average average NOUN bracis-28365 199 12 of of ADP bracis-28365 199 13 correct correct ADJ bracis-28365 199 14 responses response NOUN bracis-28365 199 15 from from ADP bracis-28365 199 16 items item NOUN bracis-28365 199 17 chosen choose VERB bracis-28365 199 18 according accord VERB bracis-28365 199 19 to to ADP bracis-28365 199 20 responses response NOUN bracis-28365 199 21 of of ADP bracis-28365 199 22 the the DET bracis-28365 199 23 nearest near ADJ bracis-28365 199 24 k k PROPN bracis-28365 199 25 neighbor neighbor NOUN bracis-28365 199 26 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 200 1 the the DET bracis-28365 200 2 right right PROPN bracis-28365 200 3 panel panel NOUN bracis-28365 200 4 shows show VERB bracis-28365 200 5 the the DET bracis-28365 200 6 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-28365 200 7 of of ADP bracis-28365 200 8 the the DET bracis-28365 200 9 observed observed ADJ bracis-28365 200 10 average average NOUN bracis-28365 200 11 of of ADP bracis-28365 200 12 correct correct ADJ bracis-28365 200 13 responses response NOUN bracis-28365 200 14 from from ADP bracis-28365 200 15 items item NOUN bracis-28365 200 16 chosen choose VERB bracis-28365 200 17 according accord VERB bracis-28365 200 18 to to ADP bracis-28365 200 19 \(p \(p PROPN bracis-28365 200 20 \left \left PROPN bracis-28365 200 21 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 200 22 x x NOUN bracis-28365 200 23 | | ADV bracis-28365 200 24 \textbf{y \textbf{y PROPN bracis-28365 200 25 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 200 26 ; ; PUNCT bracis-28365 200 27 \mathbf \mathbf PROPN bracis-28365 200 28 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 200 29 \theta \theta PROPN bracis-28365 200 30 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 200 31 \right \right PROPN bracis-28365 200 32 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 200 33 \ \ NOUN bracis-28365 200 34 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 200 35 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 201 1 full full ADJ bracis-28365 201 2 size size NOUN bracis-28365 201 3 image image NOUN bracis-28365 201 4 6 6 NUM bracis-28365 201 5 conclusion conclusion NOUN bracis-28365 201 6 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 201 7     SPACE bracis-28365 201 8 discussion discussion NOUN bracis-28365 201 9 in in ADP bracis-28365 201 10 this this DET bracis-28365 201 11 paper paper NOUN bracis-28365 201 12 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 201 13 we we PRON bracis-28365 201 14 have have AUX bracis-28365 201 15 reformulated reformulate VERB bracis-28365 201 16 the the DET bracis-28365 201 17 two two NUM bracis-28365 201 18 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 201 19 parameter parameter NOUN bracis-28365 201 20 logistic logistic ADJ bracis-28365 201 21 model model NOUN bracis-28365 201 22 as as ADP bracis-28365 201 23 a a DET bracis-28365 201 24 neural neural ADJ bracis-28365 201 25 network network NOUN bracis-28365 201 26 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 201 27 with with ADP bracis-28365 201 28 the the DET bracis-28365 201 29 deep deep ADJ bracis-28365 201 30 boltzmann boltzmann PROPN bracis-28365 201 31 machine machine NOUN bracis-28365 201 32 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 201 33 dbm dbm PROPN bracis-28365 201 34 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 201 35 being be AUX bracis-28365 201 36 defined define VERB bracis-28365 201 37 as as ADP bracis-28365 201 38 its its PRON bracis-28365 201 39 extension extension NOUN bracis-28365 201 40 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 202 1 this this PRON bracis-28365 202 2 makes make VERB bracis-28365 202 3 the the DET bracis-28365 202 4 model model NOUN bracis-28365 202 5 explainable explainable ADJ bracis-28365 202 6 based base VERB bracis-28365 202 7 on on ADP bracis-28365 202 8 the the DET bracis-28365 202 9 underlying underlie VERB bracis-28365 202 10 interpretation interpretation NOUN bracis-28365 202 11 of of ADP bracis-28365 202 12 item item NOUN bracis-28365 202 13 response response NOUN bracis-28365 202 14 theory theory NOUN bracis-28365 202 15 parameters parameter NOUN bracis-28365 202 16 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 203 1 but but CCONJ bracis-28365 203 2 interpretability interpretability NOUN bracis-28365 203 3 is be AUX bracis-28365 203 4 further far ADV bracis-28365 203 5 extended extend VERB bracis-28365 203 6 by by ADP bracis-28365 203 7 the the DET bracis-28365 203 8 use use NOUN bracis-28365 203 9 of of ADP bracis-28365 203 10 layer layer NOUN bracis-28365 203 11 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 203 12 wise wise ADJ bracis-28365 203 13 relevance relevance NOUN bracis-28365 203 14 propagation propagation NOUN bracis-28365 203 15 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 203 16 which which PRON bracis-28365 203 17 propagates propagate VERB bracis-28365 203 18 the the DET bracis-28365 203 19 prediction prediction NOUN bracis-28365 203 20 backwards backwards ADV bracis-28365 203 21 through through ADP bracis-28365 203 22 the the DET bracis-28365 203 23 neural neural ADJ bracis-28365 203 24 network network NOUN bracis-28365 203 25 to to ADP bracis-28365 203 26 the the DET bracis-28365 203 27 input input NOUN bracis-28365 203 28 features feature NOUN bracis-28365 203 29 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 204 1 based base VERB bracis-28365 204 2 on on ADP bracis-28365 204 3 that that DET bracis-28365 204 4 model model NOUN bracis-28365 204 5 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 204 6 we we PRON bracis-28365 204 7 have have AUX bracis-28365 204 8 developed develop VERB bracis-28365 204 9 an an DET bracis-28365 204 10 algorithm algorithm NOUN bracis-28365 204 11 for for ADP bracis-28365 204 12 individualized individualized ADJ bracis-28365 204 13 education education NOUN bracis-28365 204 14 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 205 1 the the DET bracis-28365 205 2 approach approach NOUN bracis-28365 205 3 is be AUX bracis-28365 205 4 continuously continuously ADV bracis-28365 205 5 adapted adapt VERB bracis-28365 205 6 based base VERB bracis-28365 205 7 on on ADP bracis-28365 205 8 substantively substantively ADV bracis-28365 205 9 complex complex ADJ bracis-28365 205 10 constructs construct NOUN bracis-28365 205 11 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 205 12 recommends recommend VERB bracis-28365 205 13 new new ADJ bracis-28365 205 14 items item NOUN bracis-28365 205 15 according accord VERB bracis-28365 205 16 to to ADP bracis-28365 205 17 their their PRON bracis-28365 205 18 characteristics characteristic NOUN bracis-28365 205 19 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 205 20 students student NOUN bracis-28365 205 21 ’ ' PUNCT bracis-28365 205 22 latent latent NOUN bracis-28365 205 23 traits trait NOUN bracis-28365 205 24 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 206 1 the the DET bracis-28365 206 2 explainable explainable ADJ bracis-28365 206 3 algorithm algorithm NOUN bracis-28365 206 4 allows allow VERB bracis-28365 206 5 grasping grasp VERB bracis-28365 206 6 what what PRON bracis-28365 206 7 made make VERB bracis-28365 206 8 the the DET bracis-28365 206 9 algorithm algorithm NOUN bracis-28365 206 10 arrive arrive NOUN bracis-28365 206 11 at at ADP bracis-28365 206 12 a a DET bracis-28365 206 13 particular particular ADJ bracis-28365 206 14 decision decision NOUN bracis-28365 206 15 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 206 16 playing play VERB bracis-28365 206 17 an an DET bracis-28365 206 18 important important ADJ bracis-28365 206 19 role role NOUN bracis-28365 206 20 of of ADP bracis-28365 206 21 open open VERB bracis-28365 206 22 up up ADP bracis-28365 206 23 the the DET bracis-28365 206 24 “ " PUNCT bracis-28365 206 25 black black ADJ bracis-28365 206 26 box box NOUN bracis-28365 206 27 of of ADP bracis-28365 206 28 learning learning NOUN bracis-28365 206 29 ” " PUNCT bracis-28365 206 30 of of ADP bracis-28365 206 31 both both CCONJ bracis-28365 206 32 algorithm algorithm NOUN bracis-28365 206 33 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 206 34 student student NOUN bracis-28365 206 35 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 207 1 in in ADP bracis-28365 207 2 the the DET bracis-28365 207 3 second second ADJ bracis-28365 207 4 case case NOUN bracis-28365 207 5 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 207 6 this this DET bracis-28365 207 7 interpretable interpretable ADJ bracis-28365 207 8 feedback feedback NOUN bracis-28365 207 9 is be AUX bracis-28365 207 10 a a DET bracis-28365 207 11 valuable valuable ADJ bracis-28365 207 12 tool tool NOUN bracis-28365 207 13 for for ADP bracis-28365 207 14 verifying verifying NOUN bracis-28365 207 15 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 207 16 improving improve VERB bracis-28365 207 17 the the DET bracis-28365 207 18 items item NOUN bracis-28365 207 19 to to PART bracis-28365 207 20 be be AUX bracis-28365 207 21 recommended recommend VERB bracis-28365 207 22 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 207 23 as as ADV bracis-28365 207 24 well well ADV bracis-28365 207 25 as as ADP bracis-28365 207 26 generating generate VERB bracis-28365 207 27 higher high ADJ bracis-28365 207 28 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 207 29 order order NOUN bracis-28365 207 30 knowledge knowledge NOUN bracis-28365 207 31 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 208 1 we we PRON bracis-28365 208 2 illustrate illustrate VERB bracis-28365 208 3 our our PRON bracis-28365 208 4 procedure procedure NOUN bracis-28365 208 5 by by ADP bracis-28365 208 6 analyzing analyze VERB bracis-28365 208 7 two two NUM bracis-28365 208 8 simulated simulated ADJ bracis-28365 208 9 data data NOUN bracis-28365 208 10 sets set NOUN bracis-28365 208 11 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 208 12 where where SCONJ bracis-28365 208 13 the the DET bracis-28365 208 14 dbm dbm PROPN bracis-28365 208 15 model model NOUN bracis-28365 208 16 recovered recover VERB bracis-28365 208 17 the the DET bracis-28365 208 18 irt irt PROPN bracis-28365 208 19 parameters parameter NOUN bracis-28365 208 20 precisely precisely ADV bracis-28365 208 21 in in ADP bracis-28365 208 22 different different ADJ bracis-28365 208 23 situations situation NOUN bracis-28365 208 24 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 208 25 involving involve VERB bracis-28365 208 26 sample sample NOUN bracis-28365 208 27 sizes size NOUN bracis-28365 208 28 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 208 29 number number NOUN bracis-28365 208 30 of of ADP bracis-28365 208 31 items item NOUN bracis-28365 208 32 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 208 33 dimensions dimension NOUN bracis-28365 208 34 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 209 1 furthermore furthermore ADV bracis-28365 209 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 209 3 we we PRON bracis-28365 209 4 employ employ VERB bracis-28365 209 5 the the DET bracis-28365 209 6 method method NOUN bracis-28365 209 7 in in ADP bracis-28365 209 8 a a DET bracis-28365 209 9 real real ADJ bracis-28365 209 10 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 209 11 world world NOUN bracis-28365 209 12 example example NOUN bracis-28365 209 13 which which PRON bracis-28365 209 14 comprises comprise VERB bracis-28365 209 15 the the DET bracis-28365 209 16 brazilian brazilian ADJ bracis-28365 209 17 national national ADJ bracis-28365 209 18 high high ADJ bracis-28365 209 19 school school NOUN bracis-28365 209 20 examination examination NOUN bracis-28365 209 21 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 210 1 overall overall ADV bracis-28365 210 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 210 3 our our PRON bracis-28365 210 4 approach approach NOUN bracis-28365 210 5 produced produce VERB bracis-28365 210 6 a a DET bracis-28365 210 7 better well ADJ bracis-28365 210 8 determination determination NOUN bracis-28365 210 9 of of ADP bracis-28365 210 10 the the DET bracis-28365 210 11 probability probability NOUN bracis-28365 210 12 of of ADP bracis-28365 210 13 answering answer VERB bracis-28365 210 14 an an DET bracis-28365 210 15 item item NOUN bracis-28365 210 16 correctly correctly ADV bracis-28365 210 17 as as SCONJ bracis-28365 210 18 compared compare VERB bracis-28365 210 19 with with ADP bracis-28365 210 20 using use VERB bracis-28365 210 21 simply simply ADV bracis-28365 210 22 \(p \(p PROPN bracis-28365 210 23 \left \left PROPN bracis-28365 210 24 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 210 25 x x NOUN bracis-28365 210 26 | | ADV bracis-28365 210 27 \textbf{y \textbf{y PROPN bracis-28365 210 28 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 210 29 ; ; PUNCT bracis-28365 210 30 \mathbf \mathbf PROPN bracis-28365 210 31 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 210 32 \theta \theta PROPN bracis-28365 210 33 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 210 34 \right \right PROPN bracis-28365 210 35 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 210 36 \ \ NOUN bracis-28365 210 37 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 210 38 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 211 1 this this DET bracis-28365 211 2 performance performance NOUN bracis-28365 211 3 arose arise VERB bracis-28365 211 4 due due ADP bracis-28365 211 5 to to ADP bracis-28365 211 6 the the DET bracis-28365 211 7 highly highly ADV bracis-28365 211 8 detailed detailed ADJ bracis-28365 211 9 subpopulation subpopulation NOUN bracis-28365 211 10 selected select VERB bracis-28365 211 11 based base VERB bracis-28365 211 12 on on ADP bracis-28365 211 13 responses response NOUN bracis-28365 211 14 of of ADP bracis-28365 211 15 the the DET bracis-28365 211 16 others other NOUN bracis-28365 211 17 examinees examine VERB bracis-28365 211 18 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 212 1 however however ADV bracis-28365 212 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 212 3 given give VERB bracis-28365 212 4 the the DET bracis-28365 212 5 student student NOUN bracis-28365 212 6 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 212 7 set set NOUN bracis-28365 212 8 of of ADP bracis-28365 212 9 items item NOUN bracis-28365 212 10 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 212 11 it it PRON bracis-28365 212 12 is be AUX bracis-28365 212 13 not not PART bracis-28365 212 14 obvious obvious ADJ bracis-28365 212 15 what what PRON bracis-28365 212 16 degree degree NOUN bracis-28365 212 17 the the DET bracis-28365 212 18 fault fault NOUN bracis-28365 212 19 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 212 20 stages stage NOUN bracis-28365 212 21 serves serve VERB bracis-28365 212 22 as as ADP bracis-28365 212 23 catalysts catalyst NOUN bracis-28365 212 24 for for ADP bracis-28365 212 25 deep deep ADJ bracis-28365 212 26 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 212 27 constructive constructive ADJ bracis-28365 212 28 learning learning NOUN bracis-28365 212 29 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 213 1 thus thus ADV bracis-28365 213 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 213 3 more more ADJ bracis-28365 213 4 research research NOUN bracis-28365 213 5 is be AUX bracis-28365 213 6 needed need VERB bracis-28365 213 7 to to PART bracis-28365 213 8 ascertain ascertain VERB bracis-28365 213 9 it it PRON bracis-28365 213 10 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 214 1 in in ADP bracis-28365 214 2 addition addition NOUN bracis-28365 214 3 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 214 4 there there PRON bracis-28365 214 5 are be VERB bracis-28365 214 6 various various ADJ bracis-28365 214 7 possible possible ADJ bracis-28365 214 8 applications application NOUN bracis-28365 214 9 beyond beyond ADP bracis-28365 214 10 the the DET bracis-28365 214 11 one one NOUN bracis-28365 214 12 presented present VERB bracis-28365 214 13 here here ADV bracis-28365 214 14 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 214 15 particularly particularly ADV bracis-28365 214 16 in in ADP bracis-28365 214 17 more more ADJ bracis-28365 214 18 complex complex ADJ bracis-28365 214 19 domains domain NOUN bracis-28365 214 20 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 214 21 such such ADJ bracis-28365 214 22 as as ADP bracis-28365 214 23 massive massive ADJ bracis-28365 214 24 open open ADJ bracis-28365 214 25 online online ADJ bracis-28365 214 26 courses course NOUN bracis-28365 214 27 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 214 28 e e NOUN bracis-28365 214 29 - - NOUN bracis-28365 214 30 commerce commerce NOUN bracis-28365 214 31 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 215 1 notes note VERB bracis-28365 215 2 1.dataset 1.dataset NUM bracis-28365 215 3 available available ADJ bracis-28365 215 4 at at ADP bracis-28365 215 5 http://portal.inep.gov.br/microdados http://portal.inep.gov.br/microdado NOUN bracis-28365 215 6 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 216 1 references reference NOUN bracis-28365 216 2 ackerman ackerman PROPN bracis-28365 216 3 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 216 4 t.a t.a PROPN bracis-28365 216 5 . . PROPN bracis-28365 216 6 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 216 7 unidimensional unidimensional ADJ bracis-28365 216 8 irt irt PROPN bracis-28365 216 9 calibration calibration NOUN bracis-28365 216 10 of of ADP bracis-28365 216 11 compensatory compensatory ADJ bracis-28365 216 12 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 216 13 noncompensatory noncompensatory ADJ bracis-28365 216 14 multidimensional multidimensional ADJ bracis-28365 216 15 items item NOUN bracis-28365 216 16 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 217 1 appl appl PROPN bracis-28365 217 2 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 218 1 psychol psychol PROPN bracis-28365 218 2 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 219 1 meas meas PROPN bracis-28365 219 2 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 220 1 13 13 NUM bracis-28365 220 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 220 3 113–127 113–127 NUM bracis-28365 220 4 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 220 5 1989 1989 NUM bracis-28365 220 6 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 220 7 article article NOUN bracis-28365 220 8     SPACE bracis-28365 220 9 google google PROPN bracis-28365 220 10 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-28365 220 11     SPACE bracis-28365 220 12 ackerman ackerman PROPN bracis-28365 220 13 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 220 14 t.a t.a PROPN bracis-28365 220 15 . . PROPN bracis-28365 220 16 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 220 17 multidimensional multidimensional ADJ bracis-28365 220 18 item item NOUN bracis-28365 220 19 response response NOUN bracis-28365 220 20 theory theory NOUN bracis-28365 220 21 modeling modeling NOUN bracis-28365 220 22 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 221 1 in in ADP bracis-28365 221 2 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 221 3 contemporary contemporary ADJ bracis-28365 221 4 psychometrics psychometric NOUN bracis-28365 221 5 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 221 6 a a DET bracis-28365 221 7 festschrift festschrift NOUN bracis-28365 221 8 for for ADP bracis-28365 221 9 roderick roderick PROPN bracis-28365 221 10 p. p. PROPN bracis-28365 221 11 mcdonald mcdonald PROPN bracis-28365 221 12 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 221 13 2013 2013 NUM bracis-28365 221 14 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 221 15 google google PROPN bracis-28365 221 16 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-28365 221 17     SPACE bracis-28365 221 18 ansari ansari X bracis-28365 221 19 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 221 20 a. a. NOUN bracis-28365 221 21 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 221 22 essegaier essegaier NOUN bracis-28365 221 23 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 221 24 s. s. PROPN bracis-28365 221 25 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 221 26 kohli kohli PROPN bracis-28365 221 27 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 221 28 r. r. PROPN bracis-28365 221 29 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 221 30 internet internet NOUN bracis-28365 221 31 recommendation recommendation NOUN bracis-28365 221 32 systems system NOUN bracis-28365 221 33 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 222 1 j. j. PROPN bracis-28365 222 2 mark mark PROPN bracis-28365 222 3 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 223 1 res re NOUN bracis-28365 223 2 . . PROPN bracis-28365 224 1 37 37 NUM bracis-28365 224 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 224 3 363–375 363–375 NUM bracis-28365 224 4 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 224 5 2000 2000 NUM bracis-28365 224 6 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 224 7 article article NOUN bracis-28365 224 8     SPACE bracis-28365 224 9 google google PROPN bracis-28365 224 10 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-28365 224 11     SPACE bracis-28365 224 12 bach bach NOUN bracis-28365 224 13 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 224 14 s. s. PROPN bracis-28365 224 15 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 224 16 binder binder NOUN bracis-28365 224 17 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 224 18 a. a. NOUN bracis-28365 224 19 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 224 20 montavon montavon PROPN bracis-28365 224 21 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 224 22 g. g. PROPN bracis-28365 224 23 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 224 24 klauschen klauschen ADV bracis-28365 224 25 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 224 26 f. f. PROPN bracis-28365 224 27 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 224 28 müller müller PROPN bracis-28365 224 29 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 224 30 k.r k.r PROPN bracis-28365 224 31 . . PROPN bracis-28365 224 32 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 224 33 samek samek PROPN bracis-28365 224 34 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 224 35 w. w. PROPN bracis-28365 224 36 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 224 37 on on ADP bracis-28365 224 38 pixel pixel ADJ bracis-28365 224 39 - - ADJ bracis-28365 224 40 wise wise ADJ bracis-28365 224 41 explanations explanation NOUN bracis-28365 224 42 for for ADP bracis-28365 224 43 non non ADJ bracis-28365 224 44 - - ADJ bracis-28365 224 45 linear linear ADJ bracis-28365 224 46 classifier classifier NOUN bracis-28365 224 47 decisions decision NOUN bracis-28365 224 48 by by ADP bracis-28365 224 49 layer layer NOUN bracis-28365 224 50 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 224 51 wise wise ADJ bracis-28365 224 52 relevance relevance NOUN bracis-28365 224 53 propagation propagation NOUN bracis-28365 224 54 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 225 1 plos plos PROPN bracis-28365 225 2 one one NUM bracis-28365 225 3 10 10 NUM bracis-28365 225 4 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 225 5 e0130140 e0130140 NOUN bracis-28365 225 6 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 225 7 2015 2015 NUM bracis-28365 225 8 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 225 9 article article NOUN bracis-28365 225 10     SPACE bracis-28365 225 11 google google PROPN bracis-28365 225 12 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-28365 225 13     SPACE bracis-28365 225 14 baehrens baehren NOUN bracis-28365 225 15 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 225 16 d. d. PROPN bracis-28365 225 17 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 225 18 schroeter schroeter ADJ bracis-28365 225 19 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 225 20 t. t. PROPN bracis-28365 225 21 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 225 22 harmeling harmeling NOUN bracis-28365 225 23 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 225 24 s. s. PROPN bracis-28365 225 25 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 225 26 hansen hansen PROPN bracis-28365 225 27 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 225 28 k. k. PROPN bracis-28365 225 29 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 225 30 mueller mueller PROPN bracis-28365 225 31 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 225 32 k.r k.r PROPN bracis-28365 225 33 . . PROPN bracis-28365 225 34 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 226 1 how how SCONJ bracis-28365 226 2 to to PART bracis-28365 226 3 explain explain VERB bracis-28365 226 4 individual individual ADJ bracis-28365 226 5 classification classification NOUN bracis-28365 226 6 decisions decision NOUN bracis-28365 226 7 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 227 1 j. j. PROPN bracis-28365 227 2 mach mach PROPN bracis-28365 227 3 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 228 1 learn learn VERB bracis-28365 228 2 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 229 1 res re NOUN bracis-28365 229 2 . . PROPN bracis-28365 230 1 11 11 NUM bracis-28365 230 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 230 3 1803–1831 1803–1831 NUM bracis-28365 230 4 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 230 5 2010 2010 NUM bracis-28365 230 6 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 230 7 mathscinet mathscinet NOUN bracis-28365 230 8     SPACE bracis-28365 230 9 math math NOUN bracis-28365 230 10     SPACE bracis-28365 230 11 google google PROPN bracis-28365 230 12 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-28365 230 13     SPACE bracis-28365 230 14 béguin béguin NOUN bracis-28365 230 15 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 230 16 a.a a.a PROPN bracis-28365 230 17 . . PROPN bracis-28365 230 18 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 230 19 glas glas PROPN bracis-28365 230 20 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 230 21 c.a c.a PROPN bracis-28365 230 22 . . PROPN bracis-28365 230 23 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 231 1 mcmc mcmc PROPN bracis-28365 231 2 estimation estimation PROPN bracis-28365 231 3 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 231 4 some some DET bracis-28365 231 5 model model ADJ bracis-28365 231 6 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 231 7 fit fit ADJ bracis-28365 231 8 analysis analysis NOUN bracis-28365 231 9 of of ADP bracis-28365 231 10 multidimensional multidimensional ADJ bracis-28365 231 11 irt irt PROPN bracis-28365 231 12 models model NOUN bracis-28365 231 13 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 232 1 psychometrika psychometrika NOUN bracis-28365 232 2 66 66 NUM bracis-28365 232 3 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 232 4 541–561 541–561 NUM bracis-28365 232 5 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 232 6 2001 2001 NUM bracis-28365 232 7 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 232 8 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 233 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02296195 https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02296195 NOUN bracis-28365 233 2 article article NOUN bracis-28365 233 3     SPACE bracis-28365 233 4 mathscinet mathscinet NOUN bracis-28365 233 5     SPACE bracis-28365 233 6 math math NOUN bracis-28365 233 7     SPACE bracis-28365 233 8 google google PROPN bracis-28365 233 9 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-28365 233 10     SPACE bracis-28365 233 11 birnbaum birnbaum PROPN bracis-28365 233 12 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 233 13 a. a. NOUN bracis-28365 233 14 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 233 15 some some DET bracis-28365 233 16 latent latent ADJ bracis-28365 233 17 trait trait NOUN bracis-28365 233 18 models model NOUN bracis-28365 233 19 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 233 20 their their PRON bracis-28365 233 21 use use NOUN bracis-28365 233 22 in in ADP bracis-28365 233 23 inferring infer VERB bracis-28365 233 24 an an DET bracis-28365 233 25 examinee examinee NOUN bracis-28365 233 26 ’s ’s PART bracis-28365 233 27 ability ability NOUN bracis-28365 233 28 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 234 1 in in ADP bracis-28365 234 2 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 234 3 statistical statistical ADJ bracis-28365 234 4 theories theory NOUN bracis-28365 234 5 of of ADP bracis-28365 234 6 mental mental ADJ bracis-28365 234 7 test test NOUN bracis-28365 234 8 scores score NOUN bracis-28365 234 9 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 234 10 pp pp ADV bracis-28365 234 11 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 235 1 397–479 397–479 NUM bracis-28365 235 2 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 235 3 1968 1968 NUM bracis-28365 235 4 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 235 5 google google PROPN bracis-28365 235 6 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-28365 235 7     SPACE bracis-28365 235 8 breslow breslow NOUN bracis-28365 235 9 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 235 10 l. l. PROPN bracis-28365 235 11 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 235 12 pritchard pritchard PROPN bracis-28365 235 13 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 235 14 d.e d.e PROPN bracis-28365 235 15 . . PROPN bracis-28365 235 16 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 235 17 deboer deboer PROPN bracis-28365 235 18 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 235 19 j. j. PROPN bracis-28365 235 20 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 235 21 stump stump NOUN bracis-28365 235 22 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 235 23 g.s g.s PROPN bracis-28365 235 24 . . PROPN bracis-28365 235 25 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 235 26 ho ho PROPN bracis-28365 235 27 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 235 28 a.d a.d PROPN bracis-28365 235 29 . . PROPN bracis-28365 235 30 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 235 31 seaton seaton PROPN bracis-28365 235 32 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 235 33 d.t d.t PROPN bracis-28365 235 34 . . PROPN bracis-28365 235 35 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 235 36 studying study VERB bracis-28365 235 37 learning learn VERB bracis-28365 235 38 in in ADP bracis-28365 235 39 the the DET bracis-28365 235 40 worldwide worldwide ADJ bracis-28365 235 41 classroom classroom NOUN bracis-28365 235 42 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 235 43 research research NOUN bracis-28365 235 44 into into ADP bracis-28365 235 45 edx edx PROPN bracis-28365 235 46 ’s ’s PART bracis-28365 235 47 first first ADJ bracis-28365 235 48 mooc mooc PROPN bracis-28365 235 49 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 236 1 res re NOUN bracis-28365 236 2 . . PROPN bracis-28365 236 3 pract pract PROPN bracis-28365 236 4 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 237 1 assess assess NOUN bracis-28365 237 2 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 238 1 8 8 NUM bracis-28365 238 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 238 3 13–25 13–25 NUM bracis-28365 238 4 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 238 5 2013 2013 NUM bracis-28365 238 6 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 238 7 google google PROPN bracis-28365 238 8 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-28365 238 9     SPACE bracis-28365 238 10 carroll carroll PROPN bracis-28365 238 11 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 238 12 j.b j.b PROPN bracis-28365 238 13 . . PROPN bracis-28365 238 14 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 238 15 et et PROPN bracis-28365 238 16 al al PROPN bracis-28365 238 17 . . PROPN bracis-28365 238 18 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 239 1 human human ADJ bracis-28365 239 2 cognitive cognitive ADJ bracis-28365 239 3 abilities ability NOUN bracis-28365 239 4 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 239 5 a a DET bracis-28365 239 6 survey survey NOUN bracis-28365 239 7 of of ADP bracis-28365 239 8 factor factor NOUN bracis-28365 239 9 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 239 10 analytic analytic ADJ bracis-28365 239 11 studies study NOUN bracis-28365 239 12 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 240 1 vol vol NOUN bracis-28365 240 2 . . PROPN bracis-28365 241 1 1 1 NUM bracis-28365 241 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 242 1 cambridge cambridge PROPN bracis-28365 242 2 university university PROPN bracis-28365 242 3 press press NOUN bracis-28365 242 4 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 242 5 1993 1993 NUM bracis-28365 242 6 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 242 7 google google NOUN bracis-28365 242 8 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-28365 242 9     SPACE bracis-28365 242 10 craven craven NOUN bracis-28365 242 11 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 242 12 m.w m.w PROPN bracis-28365 242 13 . . PROPN bracis-28365 242 14 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 242 15 shavlik shavlik PROPN bracis-28365 242 16 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 242 17 j.w j.w PROPN bracis-28365 242 18 . . PROPN bracis-28365 242 19 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 242 20 extracting extract VERB bracis-28365 242 21 tree tree NOUN bracis-28365 242 22 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 242 23 structured structure VERB bracis-28365 242 24 representations representation NOUN bracis-28365 242 25 of of ADP bracis-28365 242 26 trained train VERB bracis-28365 242 27 networks network NOUN bracis-28365 242 28 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 243 1 in in ADP bracis-28365 243 2 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 243 3 proceedings proceeding NOUN bracis-28365 243 4 of of ADP bracis-28365 243 5 the the DET bracis-28365 243 6 8th 8th ADJ bracis-28365 243 7 international international ADJ bracis-28365 243 8 conference conference NOUN bracis-28365 243 9 on on ADP bracis-28365 243 10 neural neural ADJ bracis-28365 243 11 information information NOUN bracis-28365 243 12 processing processing NOUN bracis-28365 243 13 systems system NOUN bracis-28365 243 14 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 243 15 nips nip NOUN bracis-28365 243 16 1995 1995 NUM bracis-28365 243 17 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 243 18 pp pp ADP bracis-28365 243 19 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 244 1 24–30 24–30 NUM bracis-28365 244 2 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 245 1 mit mit PROPN bracis-28365 245 2 press press PROPN bracis-28365 245 3 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 245 4 cambridge cambridge PROPN bracis-28365 245 5 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 245 6 ma ma PROPN bracis-28365 245 7 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 245 8 usa usa PROPN bracis-28365 245 9 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 245 10 1995 1995 NUM bracis-28365 245 11 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 245 12 google google NOUN bracis-28365 245 13 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-28365 245 14     SPACE bracis-28365 245 15 dahlkamp dahlkamp NOUN bracis-28365 245 16 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 245 17 h. h. PROPN bracis-28365 245 18 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 245 19 kaehler kaehler PROPN bracis-28365 245 20 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 245 21 a. a. PROPN bracis-28365 245 22 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 245 23 stavens staven NOUN bracis-28365 245 24 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 245 25 d. d. PROPN bracis-28365 245 26 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 245 27 thrun thrun NOUN bracis-28365 245 28 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 245 29 s. s. PROPN bracis-28365 245 30 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 245 31 bradski bradski PROPN bracis-28365 245 32 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 245 33 g. g. NOUN bracis-28365 245 34 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 245 35 self self NOUN bracis-28365 245 36 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 245 37 supervised supervise VERB bracis-28365 245 38 monocular monocular ADJ bracis-28365 245 39 road road NOUN bracis-28365 245 40 detection detection NOUN bracis-28365 245 41 in in ADP bracis-28365 245 42 desert desert NOUN bracis-28365 245 43 terrain terrain NOUN bracis-28365 245 44 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 245 45 pp pp ADJ bracis-28365 245 46 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 246 1 25–32 25–32 NUM bracis-28365 246 2 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 246 3 2016 2016 NUM bracis-28365 246 4 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 246 5 google google PROPN bracis-28365 246 6 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-28365 246 7     SPACE bracis-28365 246 8 ehlers ehler NOUN bracis-28365 246 9 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 246 10 u.d u.d PROPN bracis-28365 246 11 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 246 12 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 247 1 extending extend VERB bracis-28365 247 2 the the DET bracis-28365 247 3 territory territory NOUN bracis-28365 247 4 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 247 5 from from ADP bracis-28365 247 6 open open ADJ bracis-28365 247 7 educational educational ADJ bracis-28365 247 8 resources resource NOUN bracis-28365 247 9 to to PART bracis-28365 247 10 open open VERB bracis-28365 247 11 educational educational ADJ bracis-28365 247 12 practices practice NOUN bracis-28365 247 13 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 248 1 j. j. PROPN bracis-28365 248 2 open open PROPN bracis-28365 248 3 flex flex PROPN bracis-28365 248 4 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 249 1 distance distance NOUN bracis-28365 249 2 learn learn NOUN bracis-28365 249 3 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 250 1 15 15 NUM bracis-28365 250 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 250 3 1–8 1–8 NUM bracis-28365 250 4 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 250 5 2011 2011 NUM bracis-28365 250 6 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 250 7 google google PROPN bracis-28365 250 8 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-28365 250 9     SPACE bracis-28365 250 10 enem enem PROPN bracis-28365 250 11 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 250 12 exame exame PROPN bracis-28365 250 13 nacional nacional PROPN bracis-28365 250 14 do do VERB bracis-28365 250 15 ensino ensino PROPN bracis-28365 250 16 médio médio NOUN bracis-28365 250 17 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 250 18 2019 2019 NUM bracis-28365 250 19 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 250 20 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 251 1 https://enem.inep.gov.br/ https://enem.inep.gov.br/ PROPN bracis-28365 251 2 gray gray PROPN bracis-28365 251 3 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 251 4 g. g. PROPN bracis-28365 251 5 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 251 6 mcguinness mcguinness PROPN bracis-28365 251 7 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 251 8 c. c. PROPN bracis-28365 251 9 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 251 10 owende owende NOUN bracis-28365 251 11 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 251 12 p. p. NOUN bracis-28365 251 13 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 251 14 an an DET bracis-28365 251 15 application application NOUN bracis-28365 251 16 of of ADP bracis-28365 251 17 classification classification NOUN bracis-28365 251 18 models model NOUN bracis-28365 251 19 to to PART bracis-28365 251 20 predict predict VERB bracis-28365 251 21 learner learner NOUN bracis-28365 251 22 progression progression NOUN bracis-28365 251 23 in in ADP bracis-28365 251 24 tertiary tertiary ADJ bracis-28365 251 25 education education NOUN bracis-28365 251 26 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 252 1 in in ADP bracis-28365 252 2 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 252 3 souvenir souvenir NOUN bracis-28365 252 4 of of ADP bracis-28365 252 5 the the DET bracis-28365 252 6 2014 2014 NUM bracis-28365 252 7 ieee ieee NOUN bracis-28365 252 8 international international ADJ bracis-28365 252 9 advance advance NOUN bracis-28365 252 10 computing computing PROPN bracis-28365 252 11 conference conference NOUN bracis-28365 252 12 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 252 13 iacc iacc NOUN bracis-28365 252 14 2014 2014 NUM bracis-28365 252 15 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 252 16 pp pp ADP bracis-28365 252 17 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 253 1 549–554 549–554 NUM bracis-28365 253 2 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 253 3 2014 2014 NUM bracis-28365 253 4 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 253 5 google google PROPN bracis-28365 253 6 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-28365 253 7     SPACE bracis-28365 253 8 hambleton hambleton PROPN bracis-28365 253 9 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 253 10 r.k r.k PROPN bracis-28365 253 11 . . PROPN bracis-28365 253 12 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 253 13 swaminathan swaminathan ADV bracis-28365 253 14 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 253 15 h. h. NOUN bracis-28365 253 16 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 253 17 item item NOUN bracis-28365 253 18 response response NOUN bracis-28365 253 19 theory theory NOUN bracis-28365 253 20 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 253 21 principles principle NOUN bracis-28365 253 22 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 253 23 applications application NOUN bracis-28365 253 24 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 254 1 springer springer NOUN bracis-28365 254 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 254 3 dordrecht dordrecht X bracis-28365 254 4 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 254 5 1985 1985 NUM bracis-28365 254 6 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 254 7 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 255 1 https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781107415324.004 https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781107415324.004 PROPN bracis-28365 255 2 book book NOUN bracis-28365 255 3     SPACE bracis-28365 255 4 google google PROPN bracis-28365 255 5 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-28365 255 6     SPACE bracis-28365 255 7 hinton hinton PROPN bracis-28365 255 8 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 255 9 g.e g.e PROPN bracis-28365 255 10 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 255 11 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 256 1 a a DET bracis-28365 256 2 practical practical ADJ bracis-28365 256 3 guide guide NOUN bracis-28365 256 4 to to ADP bracis-28365 256 5 training training NOUN bracis-28365 256 6 restricted restrict VERB bracis-28365 256 7 boltzmann boltzmann PROPN bracis-28365 256 8 machines machine NOUN bracis-28365 256 9 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 257 1 in in ADP bracis-28365 257 2 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 257 3 montavon montavon PROPN bracis-28365 257 4 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 257 5 g. g. PROPN bracis-28365 257 6 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 257 7 orr orr PROPN bracis-28365 257 8 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 257 9 g.b g.b PROPN bracis-28365 257 10 . . PROPN bracis-28365 257 11 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 257 12 müller müller PROPN bracis-28365 257 13 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 257 14 k.-r k.-r PROPN bracis-28365 257 15 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 258 1 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 258 2 eds ed NOUN bracis-28365 258 3 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 258 4 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 258 5 neural neural ADJ bracis-28365 258 6 networks network NOUN bracis-28365 258 7 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 258 8 tricks trick NOUN bracis-28365 258 9 of of ADP bracis-28365 258 10 the the DET bracis-28365 258 11 trade trade NOUN bracis-28365 258 12 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 259 1 lncs lncs PROPN bracis-28365 259 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 259 3 vol vol NOUN bracis-28365 259 4 . . PROPN bracis-28365 259 5 7700 7700 NUM bracis-28365 259 6 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 259 7 pp pp ADJ bracis-28365 259 8 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 260 1 599–619 599–619 NUM bracis-28365 260 2 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 260 3 springer springer NOUN bracis-28365 260 4 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 260 5 heidelberg heidelberg PROPN bracis-28365 260 6 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 260 7 2012 2012 NUM bracis-28365 260 8 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 260 9 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 261 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35289-8_32 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35289-8_32 PROPN bracis-28365 261 2 chapter chapter NOUN bracis-28365 261 3     SPACE bracis-28365 261 4 google google PROPN bracis-28365 261 5 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-28365 261 6     SPACE bracis-28365 261 7 kapur kapur PROPN bracis-28365 261 8 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 261 9 m. m. NOUN bracis-28365 261 10 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 261 11 bielaczyc bielaczyc PROPN bracis-28365 261 12 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 261 13 k. k. PROPN bracis-28365 261 14 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 261 15 designing design VERB bracis-28365 261 16 for for ADP bracis-28365 261 17 productive productive ADJ bracis-28365 261 18 failure failure NOUN bracis-28365 261 19 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 262 1 j. j. PROPN bracis-28365 262 2 learn learn PROPN bracis-28365 262 3 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 263 1 sci sci PROPN bracis-28365 263 2 . . PROPN bracis-28365 263 3 21 21 NUM bracis-28365 263 4 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 263 5 45–83 45–83 NUM bracis-28365 263 6 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 263 7 2012 2012 NUM bracis-28365 263 8 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 263 9 article article NOUN bracis-28365 263 10     SPACE bracis-28365 263 11 google google PROPN bracis-28365 263 12 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-28365 263 13     SPACE bracis-28365 263 14 kdd kdd PROPN bracis-28365 263 15 cup cup PROPN bracis-28365 263 16 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 263 17 educational educational ADJ bracis-28365 263 18 data datum NOUN bracis-28365 263 19 minding mind VERB bracis-28365 263 20 challenge challenge NOUN bracis-28365 263 21 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 263 22 2010 2010 NUM bracis-28365 263 23 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 263 24 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 264 1 http://pslcdatashop.web.cmu.edu/kddcup/downloads.jsp http://pslcdatashop.web.cmu.edu/kddcup/downloads.jsp PROPN bracis-28365 264 2 kizilcec kizilcec PROPN bracis-28365 264 3 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 264 4 r.f r.f PROPN bracis-28365 264 5 . . PROPN bracis-28365 264 6 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 264 7 piech piech PROPN bracis-28365 264 8 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 264 9 c. c. PROPN bracis-28365 264 10 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 264 11 schneider schneider PROPN bracis-28365 264 12 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 264 13 e. e. PROPN bracis-28365 264 14 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 264 15 deconstructing deconstruct VERB bracis-28365 264 16 disengagement disengagement NOUN bracis-28365 264 17 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 264 18 analyzing analyze VERB bracis-28365 264 19 learner learner NOUN bracis-28365 264 20 subpopulations subpopulation NOUN bracis-28365 264 21 in in ADP bracis-28365 264 22 massive massive ADJ bracis-28365 264 23 open open ADJ bracis-28365 264 24 online online ADJ bracis-28365 264 25 courses course NOUN bracis-28365 264 26 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 265 1 in in ADP bracis-28365 265 2 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 265 3 proceedings proceeding NOUN bracis-28365 265 4 of of ADP bracis-28365 265 5 the the DET bracis-28365 265 6 third third ADJ bracis-28365 265 7 international international ADJ bracis-28365 265 8 conference conference NOUN bracis-28365 265 9 on on ADP bracis-28365 265 10 learning learn VERB bracis-28365 265 11 analytics analytic NOUN bracis-28365 265 12 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 265 13 knowledge knowledge NOUN bracis-28365 265 14 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 265 15 lak lak PROPN bracis-28365 265 16 2013 2013 NUM bracis-28365 265 17 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 265 18 pp pp ADJ bracis-28365 265 19 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 266 1 170–179 170–179 NUM bracis-28365 266 2 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 266 3 2013 2013 NUM bracis-28365 266 4 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 266 5 google google NOUN bracis-28365 266 6 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-28365 266 7     SPACE bracis-28365 266 8 krizhevsky krizhevsky NOUN bracis-28365 266 9 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 266 10 a. a. NOUN bracis-28365 266 11 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 266 12 learning learn VERB bracis-28365 266 13 multiple multiple ADJ bracis-28365 266 14 layers layer NOUN bracis-28365 266 15 of of ADP bracis-28365 266 16 features feature NOUN bracis-28365 266 17 from from ADP bracis-28365 266 18 tiny tiny ADJ bracis-28365 266 19 images image NOUN bracis-28365 266 20 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 267 1 technical technical ADJ bracis-28365 267 2 report report NOUN bracis-28365 267 3 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 267 4 department department NOUN bracis-28365 267 5 of of ADP bracis-28365 267 6 computer computer PROPN bracis-28365 267 7 science science PROPN bracis-28365 267 8 university university PROPN bracis-28365 267 9 of of ADP bracis-28365 267 10 toronto toronto PROPN bracis-28365 267 11 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 267 12 2009 2009 NUM bracis-28365 267 13 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 267 14 google google PROPN bracis-28365 267 15 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-28365 267 16     SPACE bracis-28365 267 17 lam lam PROPN bracis-28365 267 18 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 267 19 r. r. PROPN bracis-28365 267 20 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 267 21 what what PRON bracis-28365 267 22 students student NOUN bracis-28365 267 23 do do VERB bracis-28365 267 24 when when SCONJ bracis-28365 267 25 encountering encounter VERB bracis-28365 267 26 failure failure NOUN bracis-28365 267 27 in in ADP bracis-28365 267 28 collaborative collaborative ADJ bracis-28365 267 29 tasks task NOUN bracis-28365 267 30 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 268 1 npj npj PROPN bracis-28365 268 2 sci sci PROPN bracis-28365 268 3 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 269 1 learn learn VERB bracis-28365 269 2 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 270 1 4 4 NUM bracis-28365 270 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 270 3 6 6 NUM bracis-28365 270 4 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 270 5 2019 2019 NUM bracis-28365 270 6 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 270 7 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 271 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-019-0045-1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-019-0045-1 NOUN bracis-28365 271 2 article article NOUN bracis-28365 271 3     SPACE bracis-28365 271 4 google google PROPN bracis-28365 271 5 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-28365 271 6     SPACE bracis-28365 271 7 van van PROPN bracis-28365 271 8 der der PROPN bracis-28365 271 9 linden linden PROPN bracis-28365 271 10 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 271 11 w.j w.j PROPN bracis-28365 271 12 . . PROPN bracis-28365 271 13 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 272 1 handbook handbook NOUN bracis-28365 272 2 of of ADP bracis-28365 272 3 item item NOUN bracis-28365 272 4 response response NOUN bracis-28365 272 5 theory theory NOUN bracis-28365 272 6 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 272 7 three three NUM bracis-28365 272 8 volume volume NOUN bracis-28365 272 9 set set NOUN bracis-28365 272 10 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 273 1 chapman chapman NOUN bracis-28365 273 2 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 273 3 hall hall PROPN bracis-28365 273 4 / / SYM bracis-28365 273 5 crc crc PROPN bracis-28365 273 6 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 273 7 boca boca PROPN bracis-28365 273 8 raton raton PROPN bracis-28365 273 9 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 273 10 fl fl PROPN bracis-28365 273 11 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 273 12 crc crc NOUN bracis-28365 273 13 press press NOUN bracis-28365 273 14 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 273 15 2015 2015 NUM bracis-28365 273 16 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 273 17 february february PROPN bracis-28365 273 18 2018 2018 NUM bracis-28365 273 19 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 273 20 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 274 1 https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315119144 https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315119144 X bracis-28365 274 2 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 275 1 https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781315119144 https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781315119144 PROPN bracis-28365 275 2 lord lord PROPN bracis-28365 275 3 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 275 4 f.m f.m PROPN bracis-28365 275 5 . . PROPN bracis-28365 275 6 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 275 7 applications application NOUN bracis-28365 275 8 of of ADP bracis-28365 275 9 item item NOUN bracis-28365 275 10 response response NOUN bracis-28365 275 11 theory theory NOUN bracis-28365 275 12 to to ADP bracis-28365 275 13 practical practical ADJ bracis-28365 275 14 testing testing NOUN bracis-28365 275 15 problems problem NOUN bracis-28365 275 16 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 275 17 2014 2014 NUM bracis-28365 275 18 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 275 19 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 276 1 https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203056615 https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203056615 NUM bracis-28365 276 2 lu lu PROPN bracis-28365 276 3 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 276 4 c. c. PROPN bracis-28365 276 5 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 276 6 tang tang PROPN bracis-28365 276 7 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 276 8 x. x. NOUN bracis-28365 276 9 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 276 10 surpassing surpass VERB bracis-28365 276 11 human human ADJ bracis-28365 276 12 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 276 13 level level NOUN bracis-28365 276 14 face face NOUN bracis-28365 276 15 verification verification NOUN bracis-28365 276 16 performance performance NOUN bracis-28365 276 17 on on ADP bracis-28365 276 18 lfw lfw NOUN bracis-28365 276 19 with with ADP bracis-28365 276 20 gaussianface gaussianface NOUN bracis-28365 276 21 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 277 1 in in ADP bracis-28365 277 2 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 277 3 proceedings proceeding NOUN bracis-28365 277 4 of of ADP bracis-28365 277 5 the the DET bracis-28365 277 6 29th 29th ADJ bracis-28365 277 7 aaai aaai PROPN bracis-28365 277 8 conference conference NOUN bracis-28365 277 9 on on ADP bracis-28365 277 10 artificial artificial ADJ bracis-28365 277 11 intelligence intelligence NOUN bracis-28365 277 12 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 277 13 pp pp ADP bracis-28365 277 14 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 278 1 3811–3819 3811–3819 NUM bracis-28365 278 2 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 278 3 2015 2015 NUM bracis-28365 278 4 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 278 5 google google NOUN bracis-28365 278 6 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-28365 278 7     SPACE bracis-28365 278 8 pappano pappano NOUN bracis-28365 278 9 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 278 10 l. l. PROPN bracis-28365 278 11 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 278 12 the the DET bracis-28365 278 13 year year NOUN bracis-28365 278 14 of of ADP bracis-28365 278 15 the the DET bracis-28365 278 16 mooc mooc NOUN bracis-28365 278 17 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 279 1 the the DET bracis-28365 279 2 new new PROPN bracis-28365 279 3 york york PROPN bracis-28365 279 4 times times PROPN bracis-28365 279 5 2(12 2(12 NUM bracis-28365 279 6 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 279 7 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 279 8 2012 2012 NUM bracis-28365 279 9 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 279 10 google google PROPN bracis-28365 279 11 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-28365 279 12     SPACE bracis-28365 279 13 pank pank NOUN bracis-28365 279 14 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 279 15 c.m c.m PROPN bracis-28365 279 16 . . PROPN bracis-28365 279 17 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 279 18 online online ADJ bracis-28365 279 19 education education NOUN bracis-28365 279 20 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 280 1 ajn ajn PROPN bracis-28365 280 2 am am PROPN bracis-28365 280 3 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 281 1 j. j. PROPN bracis-28365 281 2 nurs nurs PROPN bracis-28365 281 3 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 282 1 107(5 107(5 NUM bracis-28365 282 2 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 282 3 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 282 4 74–76 74–76 NUM bracis-28365 282 5 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 282 6 2007 2007 NUM bracis-28365 282 7 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 282 8 article article NOUN bracis-28365 282 9     SPACE bracis-28365 282 10 google google PROPN bracis-28365 282 11 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-28365 282 12     SPACE bracis-28365 282 13 perie perie NOUN bracis-28365 282 14 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 282 15 m. m. NOUN bracis-28365 282 16 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 282 17 grigg grigg PROPN bracis-28365 282 18 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 282 19 w. w. PROPN bracis-28365 282 20 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 282 21 donahue donahue PROPN bracis-28365 282 22 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 282 23 p. p. NOUN bracis-28365 282 24 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 282 25 the the DET bracis-28365 282 26 nation nation NOUN bracis-28365 282 27 ’s ’s PART bracis-28365 282 28 report report NOUN bracis-28365 282 29 card card NOUN bracis-28365 282 30 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 282 31 reading reading NOUN bracis-28365 282 32 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 282 33 2005 2005 NUM bracis-28365 282 34 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 283 1 nces nce VERB bracis-28365 283 2 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 283 3 2006 2006 NUM bracis-28365 283 4 - - SYM bracis-28365 283 5 451 451 NUM bracis-28365 283 6 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 283 7 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 284 1 technical technical ADJ bracis-28365 284 2 report report PROPN bracis-28365 284 3 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 284 4 2005 2005 NUM bracis-28365 284 5 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 284 6 google google PROPN bracis-28365 284 7 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-28365 284 8     SPACE bracis-28365 284 9 reckase reckase NOUN bracis-28365 284 10 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 284 11 m.d m.d PROPN bracis-28365 284 12 . . PROPN bracis-28365 284 13 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 284 14 the the DET bracis-28365 284 15 difficulty difficulty NOUN bracis-28365 284 16 of of ADP bracis-28365 284 17 test test NOUN bracis-28365 284 18 items item NOUN bracis-28365 284 19 that that PRON bracis-28365 284 20 measure measure VERB bracis-28365 284 21 more more ADJ bracis-28365 284 22 than than ADP bracis-28365 284 23 one one NUM bracis-28365 284 24 ability ability NOUN bracis-28365 284 25 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 285 1 appl appl PROPN bracis-28365 285 2 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 286 1 psychol psychol PROPN bracis-28365 286 2 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 286 3 measure measure NOUN bracis-28365 286 4 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 287 1 9 9 NUM bracis-28365 287 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 287 3 401–412 401–412 NUM bracis-28365 287 4 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 287 5 1985 1985 NUM bracis-28365 287 6 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 287 7 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 288 1 https://doi.org/10.1177/014662168500900409 https://doi.org/10.1177/014662168500900409 PROPN bracis-28365 288 2 article article NOUN bracis-28365 288 3     SPACE bracis-28365 288 4 google google PROPN bracis-28365 288 5 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-28365 288 6     SPACE bracis-28365 288 7 romero romero PROPN bracis-28365 288 8 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 288 9 c. c. PROPN bracis-28365 288 10 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 288 11 ventura ventura PROPN bracis-28365 288 12 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 288 13 s. s. PROPN bracis-28365 288 14 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 288 15 delgado delgado PROPN bracis-28365 288 16 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 288 17 j.a j.a PROPN bracis-28365 288 18 . . PROPN bracis-28365 288 19 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 288 20 de de X bracis-28365 288 21 bra bra NOUN bracis-28365 288 22 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 288 23 p. p. NOUN bracis-28365 288 24 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 288 25 personalized personalize VERB bracis-28365 288 26 links link NOUN bracis-28365 288 27 recommendation recommendation NOUN bracis-28365 288 28 based base VERB bracis-28365 288 29 on on ADP bracis-28365 288 30 data datum NOUN bracis-28365 288 31 mining mining NOUN bracis-28365 288 32 in in ADP bracis-28365 288 33 adaptive adaptive ADJ bracis-28365 288 34 educational educational ADJ bracis-28365 288 35 hypermedia hypermedia NOUN bracis-28365 288 36 systems system NOUN bracis-28365 288 37 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 289 1 in in ADP bracis-28365 289 2 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 289 3 duval duval PROPN bracis-28365 289 4 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 289 5 e. e. PROPN bracis-28365 289 6 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 289 7 klamma klamma PROPN bracis-28365 289 8 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 289 9 r. r. PROPN bracis-28365 289 10 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 289 11 wolpers wolper NOUN bracis-28365 289 12 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 289 13 m. m. NOUN bracis-28365 289 14 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 289 15 eds ed NOUN bracis-28365 289 16 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 289 17 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 290 1 ec ec PROPN bracis-28365 290 2 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 290 3 tel tel PROPN bracis-28365 290 4 2007 2007 NUM bracis-28365 290 5 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 291 1 lncs lncs PROPN bracis-28365 291 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 291 3 vol vol NOUN bracis-28365 291 4 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 291 5 4753 4753 NUM bracis-28365 291 6 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 291 7 pp pp ADP bracis-28365 291 8 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 292 1 292–306 292–306 NUM bracis-28365 292 2 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 293 1 springer springer NOUN bracis-28365 293 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 293 3 heidelberg heidelberg PROPN bracis-28365 293 4 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 293 5 2007 2007 NUM bracis-28365 293 6 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 293 7 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 294 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-75195-3_21 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-75195-3_21 PROPN bracis-28365 294 2 chapter chapter NOUN bracis-28365 294 3     SPACE bracis-28365 294 4 google google PROPN bracis-28365 294 5 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-28365 294 6     SPACE bracis-28365 294 7 salakhutdinov salakhutdinov PROPN bracis-28365 294 8 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 294 9 r. r. PROPN bracis-28365 294 10 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 294 11 learning learn VERB bracis-28365 294 12 deep deep ADJ bracis-28365 294 13 generative generative ADJ bracis-28365 294 14 models model NOUN bracis-28365 294 15 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 295 1 ph.d ph.d PROPN bracis-28365 295 2 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 296 1 thesis thesis NOUN bracis-28365 296 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 296 3 university university PROPN bracis-28365 296 4 of of ADP bracis-28365 296 5 toronto toronto PROPN bracis-28365 296 6 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 296 7 2009 2009 NUM bracis-28365 296 8 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 296 9 google google PROPN bracis-28365 296 10 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-28365 296 11     SPACE bracis-28365 296 12 salakhutdinov salakhutdinov PROPN bracis-28365 296 13 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 296 14 r. r. PROPN bracis-28365 296 15 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 296 16 hinton hinton PROPN bracis-28365 296 17 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 296 18 g. g. PROPN bracis-28365 296 19 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 296 20 deep deep ADJ bracis-28365 296 21 boltzmann boltzmann PROPN bracis-28365 296 22 machines machine NOUN bracis-28365 296 23 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 297 1 in in ADP bracis-28365 297 2 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 297 3 van van PROPN bracis-28365 297 4 dyk dyk PROPN bracis-28365 297 5 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 297 6 d. d. PROPN bracis-28365 297 7 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 297 8 welling well VERB bracis-28365 297 9 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 297 10 m. m. NOUN bracis-28365 297 11 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 297 12 eds ed NOUN bracis-28365 297 13 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 297 14 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 297 15 proceedings proceeding NOUN bracis-28365 297 16 of of ADP bracis-28365 297 17 the the DET bracis-28365 297 18 twelfth twelfth ADJ bracis-28365 297 19 international international ADJ bracis-28365 297 20 conference conference NOUN bracis-28365 297 21 on on ADP bracis-28365 297 22 artificial artificial ADJ bracis-28365 297 23 intelligence intelligence NOUN bracis-28365 297 24 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 297 25 statistics statistic NOUN bracis-28365 297 26 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 298 1 proceedings proceeding NOUN bracis-28365 298 2 of of ADP bracis-28365 298 3 machine machine NOUN bracis-28365 298 4 learning learn VERB bracis-28365 298 5 research research NOUN bracis-28365 298 6 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 298 7 hilton hilton PROPN bracis-28365 298 8 clearwater clearwater PROPN bracis-28365 298 9 beach beach PROPN bracis-28365 298 10 resort resort PROPN bracis-28365 298 11 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 298 12 clearwater clearwater PROPN bracis-28365 298 13 beach beach PROPN bracis-28365 298 14 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 298 15 florida florida PROPN bracis-28365 298 16 usa usa PROPN bracis-28365 298 17 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 298 18 16–18 16–18 NUM bracis-28365 298 19 april april PROPN bracis-28365 298 20 2009 2009 NUM bracis-28365 298 21 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 298 22 vol vol NOUN bracis-28365 298 23 . . PROPN bracis-28365 298 24 5 5 NUM bracis-28365 298 25 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 298 26 pp pp ADJ bracis-28365 298 27 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 299 1 448–455 448–455 NUM bracis-28365 299 2 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 300 1 pmlr pmlr NOUN bracis-28365 300 2 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 300 3 2009 2009 NUM bracis-28365 300 4 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 300 5 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 301 1 https://proceedings.mlr.press/v5/salakhutdinov09a.html https://proceedings.mlr.press/v5/salakhutdinov09a.html DET bracis-28365 301 2 schölkopf schölkopf PROPN bracis-28365 301 3 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 301 4 b. b. PROPN bracis-28365 301 5 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 301 6 williamson williamson PROPN bracis-28365 301 7 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 301 8 r. r. PROPN bracis-28365 301 9 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 301 10 smola smola PROPN bracis-28365 301 11 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 301 12 a. a. NOUN bracis-28365 301 13 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 301 14 shawe shawe NOUN bracis-28365 301 15 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 301 16 taylor taylor PROPN bracis-28365 301 17 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 301 18 j. j. PROPN bracis-28365 301 19 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 301 20 platt platt PROPN bracis-28365 301 21 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 301 22 j. j. PROPN bracis-28365 301 23 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 301 24 support support VERB bracis-28365 301 25 vector vector NOUN bracis-28365 301 26 method method NOUN bracis-28365 301 27 for for ADP bracis-28365 301 28 novelty novelty NOUN bracis-28365 301 29 detection detection NOUN bracis-28365 301 30 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 302 1 in in ADP bracis-28365 302 2 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 302 3 advances advance NOUN bracis-28365 302 4 in in ADP bracis-28365 302 5 neural neural ADJ bracis-28365 302 6 information information NOUN bracis-28365 302 7 processing processing NOUN bracis-28365 302 8 systems system NOUN bracis-28365 302 9 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 302 10 vol vol NOUN bracis-28365 302 11 . . PROPN bracis-28365 302 12 12 12 NUM bracis-28365 302 13 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 302 14 2000 2000 NUM bracis-28365 302 15 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 302 16 google google PROPN bracis-28365 302 17 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-28365 302 18     SPACE bracis-28365 302 19 selvaraju selvaraju NOUN bracis-28365 302 20 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 302 21 r.r r.r PROPN bracis-28365 302 22 . . PROPN bracis-28365 302 23 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 302 24 cogswell cogswell PROPN bracis-28365 302 25 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 302 26 m. m. NOUN bracis-28365 302 27 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 302 28 das das PROPN bracis-28365 302 29 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 302 30 a. a. NOUN bracis-28365 302 31 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 302 32 vedantam vedantam PROPN bracis-28365 302 33 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 302 34 r. r. PROPN bracis-28365 302 35 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 302 36 parikh parikh PROPN bracis-28365 302 37 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 302 38 d. d. PROPN bracis-28365 302 39 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 302 40 batra batra PROPN bracis-28365 302 41 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 302 42 d. d. PROPN bracis-28365 302 43 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 302 44 grad grad NOUN bracis-28365 302 45 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 302 46 cam cam PROPN bracis-28365 302 47 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 302 48 visual visual ADJ bracis-28365 302 49 explanations explanation NOUN bracis-28365 302 50 from from ADP bracis-28365 302 51 deep deep ADJ bracis-28365 302 52 networks network NOUN bracis-28365 302 53 via via ADP bracis-28365 302 54 gradient gradient NOUN bracis-28365 302 55 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 302 56 based base VERB bracis-28365 302 57 localization localization NOUN bracis-28365 302 58 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 303 1 in in ADP bracis-28365 303 2 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 303 3 2017 2017 NUM bracis-28365 303 4 ieee ieee NOUN bracis-28365 303 5 international international ADJ bracis-28365 303 6 conference conference NOUN bracis-28365 303 7 on on ADP bracis-28365 303 8 computer computer NOUN bracis-28365 303 9 vision vision NOUN bracis-28365 303 10 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 303 11 iccv iccv PROPN bracis-28365 303 12 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 303 13 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 303 14 pp pp ADP bracis-28365 303 15 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 304 1 618–626 618–626 NUM bracis-28365 304 2 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 304 3 2017 2017 NUM bracis-28365 304 4 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 304 5 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 305 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/iccv.2017.74 https://doi.org/10.1109/iccv.2017.74 PROPN bracis-28365 305 2 srinivasan srinivasan NOUN bracis-28365 305 3 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 305 4 v. v. PROPN bracis-28365 305 5 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 305 6 lapuschkin lapuschkin PROPN bracis-28365 305 7 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 305 8 s. s. PROPN bracis-28365 305 9 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 305 10 hellge hellge PROPN bracis-28365 305 11 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 305 12 c. c. PROPN bracis-28365 305 13 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 305 14 muller muller PROPN bracis-28365 305 15 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 305 16 k.r k.r PROPN bracis-28365 305 17 . . PROPN bracis-28365 305 18 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 305 19 samek samek PROPN bracis-28365 305 20 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 305 21 w. w. PROPN bracis-28365 305 22 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 305 23 interpretable interpretable ADJ bracis-28365 305 24 human human ADJ bracis-28365 305 25 action action NOUN bracis-28365 305 26 recognition recognition NOUN bracis-28365 305 27 in in ADP bracis-28365 305 28 compressed compressed ADJ bracis-28365 305 29 domain domain NOUN bracis-28365 305 30 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 306 1 in in ADP bracis-28365 306 2 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 306 3 proceedings proceeding NOUN bracis-28365 306 4 of of ADP bracis-28365 306 5 the the DET bracis-28365 306 6 ieee ieee NOUN bracis-28365 306 7 international international PROPN bracis-28365 306 8 conference conference NOUN bracis-28365 306 9 on on ADP bracis-28365 306 10 acoustics acoustic NOUN bracis-28365 306 11 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 306 12 speech speech NOUN bracis-28365 306 13 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 306 14 signal signal NOUN bracis-28365 306 15 processing processing NOUN bracis-28365 306 16 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 306 17 icassp icassp PROPN bracis-28365 306 18 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 306 19 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 306 20 pp pp ADP bracis-28365 306 21 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 306 22 1692–1696 1692–1696 NUM bracis-28365 306 23 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 306 24 2017 2017 NUM bracis-28365 306 25 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 306 26 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 307 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2017.7952445 https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2017.7952445 PROPN bracis-28365 307 2 su su PROPN bracis-28365 307 3 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 307 4 x. x. PROPN bracis-28365 307 5 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 307 6 khoshgoftaar khoshgoftaar PROPN bracis-28365 307 7 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 307 8 t.m t.m PROPN bracis-28365 307 9 . . PROPN bracis-28365 307 10 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 307 11 a a DET bracis-28365 307 12 survey survey NOUN bracis-28365 307 13 of of ADP bracis-28365 307 14 collaborative collaborative ADJ bracis-28365 307 15 filtering filtering NOUN bracis-28365 307 16 techniques technique NOUN bracis-28365 307 17 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 308 1 in in ADP bracis-28365 308 2 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 308 3 advances advance NOUN bracis-28365 308 4 in in ADP bracis-28365 308 5 artificial artificial ADJ bracis-28365 308 6 intelligence intelligence NOUN bracis-28365 308 7 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 308 8 pp pp ADV bracis-28365 308 9 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 309 1 115–129 115–129 NUM bracis-28365 309 2 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 309 3 2009 2009 NUM bracis-28365 309 4 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 309 5 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 310 1 https://doi.org/10.1155/2009/421425 https://doi.org/10.1155/2009/421425 PROPN bracis-28365 310 2 sweeney sweeney PROPN bracis-28365 310 3 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 310 4 m. m. NOUN bracis-28365 310 5 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 310 6 rangwala rangwala NOUN bracis-28365 310 7 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 310 8 h. h. PROPN bracis-28365 310 9 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 310 10 lester lester PROPN bracis-28365 310 11 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 310 12 j. j. PROPN bracis-28365 310 13 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 310 14 johri johri PROPN bracis-28365 310 15 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 310 16 a. a. NOUN bracis-28365 310 17 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 310 18 next next ADJ bracis-28365 310 19 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 310 20 term term NOUN bracis-28365 310 21 student student NOUN bracis-28365 310 22 performance performance NOUN bracis-28365 310 23 prediction prediction NOUN bracis-28365 310 24 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 310 25 a a DET bracis-28365 310 26 recommender recommender NOUN bracis-28365 310 27 systems system NOUN bracis-28365 310 28 approach approach NOUN bracis-28365 310 29 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 311 1 j. j. PROPN bracis-28365 311 2 educ educ PROPN bracis-28365 311 3 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 312 1 data data PROPN bracis-28365 312 2 min min PROPN bracis-28365 312 3 . . PROPN bracis-28365 312 4 8 8 NUM bracis-28365 312 5 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 312 6 22–51 22–51 NUM bracis-28365 312 7 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 312 8 2016 2016 NUM bracis-28365 312 9 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 312 10 google google PROPN bracis-28365 312 11 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-28365 312 12     SPACE bracis-28365 312 13 tawfik tawfik NOUN bracis-28365 312 14 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 312 15 a.a a.a PROPN bracis-28365 312 16 . . PROPN bracis-28365 312 17 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 312 18 rong rong PROPN bracis-28365 312 19 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 312 20 h. h. PROPN bracis-28365 312 21 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 312 22 choi choi NOUN bracis-28365 312 23 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 312 24 i. i. PROPN bracis-28365 312 25 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 312 26 failing fail VERB bracis-28365 312 27 to to PART bracis-28365 312 28 learn learn VERB bracis-28365 312 29 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 312 30 towards towards ADP bracis-28365 312 31 a a DET bracis-28365 312 32 unified unified ADJ bracis-28365 312 33 design design NOUN bracis-28365 312 34 approach approach NOUN bracis-28365 312 35 for for ADP bracis-28365 312 36 failure failure NOUN bracis-28365 312 37 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 312 38 based base VERB bracis-28365 312 39 learning learning NOUN bracis-28365 312 40 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 313 1 educ educ PROPN bracis-28365 313 2 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 314 1 technol technol PROPN bracis-28365 314 2 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 315 1 res res PROPN bracis-28365 315 2 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 316 1 dev dev PROPN bracis-28365 316 2 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 316 3 63(6 63(6 PROPN bracis-28365 316 4 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 316 5 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 316 6 975–994 975–994 NUM bracis-28365 316 7 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 316 8 2015 2015 NUM bracis-28365 316 9 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 316 10 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 317 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-015-9399-0 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-015-9399-0 PROPN bracis-28365 317 2 article article PROPN bracis-28365 317 3     SPACE bracis-28365 317 4 google google PROPN bracis-28365 317 5 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-28365 317 6     SPACE bracis-28365 317 7 thai thai PROPN bracis-28365 317 8 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 317 9 nghe nghe NOUN bracis-28365 317 10 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 317 11 n. n. NOUN bracis-28365 317 12 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 317 13 et et PROPN bracis-28365 317 14 al al PROPN bracis-28365 317 15 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 317 16 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 318 1 multi multi ADJ bracis-28365 318 2 - - ADJ bracis-28365 318 3 relational relational ADJ bracis-28365 318 4 factorization factorization NOUN bracis-28365 318 5 models model NOUN bracis-28365 318 6 for for ADP bracis-28365 318 7 predicting predict VERB bracis-28365 318 8 student student NOUN bracis-28365 318 9 performance performance NOUN bracis-28365 318 10 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 319 1 in in ADP bracis-28365 319 2 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 319 3 proceedings proceeding NOUN bracis-28365 319 4 of of ADP bracis-28365 319 5 the the DET bracis-28365 319 6 kdd kdd PROPN bracis-28365 319 7 workshop workshop NOUN bracis-28365 319 8 on on ADP bracis-28365 319 9 knowledge knowledge NOUN bracis-28365 319 10 discovery discovery NOUN bracis-28365 319 11 in in ADP bracis-28365 319 12 educational educational ADJ bracis-28365 319 13 data datum NOUN bracis-28365 319 14 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 319 15 2011 2011 NUM bracis-28365 319 16 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 319 17 google google PROPN bracis-28365 319 18 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-28365 319 19     SPACE bracis-28365 319 20 the the DET bracis-28365 319 21 white white PROPN bracis-28365 319 22 house house PROPN bracis-28365 319 23 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 319 24 making make VERB bracis-28365 319 25 college college NOUN bracis-28365 319 26 affordable affordable ADJ bracis-28365 319 27 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 319 28 2016 2016 NUM bracis-28365 319 29 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 319 30 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 320 1 https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/issues/education/higher-education/making-college-affordable https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/issues/education/higher-education/making-college-affordable ADJ bracis-28365 320 2 unesco unesco PROPN bracis-28365 320 3 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 320 4 global global ADJ bracis-28365 320 5 education education PROPN bracis-28365 320 6 first first ADJ bracis-28365 320 7 initiative initiative NOUN bracis-28365 320 8 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 320 9 2016 2016 NUM bracis-28365 320 10 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 320 11 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 321 1 http://www.unesco.org/new/en/gefi/about/ http://www.unesco.org/new/en/gefi/about/ X bracis-28365 321 2 yu yu PROPN bracis-28365 321 3 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 321 4 h. h. PROPN bracis-28365 321 5 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 321 6 lo lo PROPN bracis-28365 321 7 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 321 8 h. h. PROPN bracis-28365 321 9 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 321 10 hsieh hsieh PROPN bracis-28365 321 11 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 321 12 h. h. NOUN bracis-28365 321 13 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 321 14 feature feature NOUN bracis-28365 321 15 engineering engineering NOUN bracis-28365 321 16 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 321 17 classifier classifier NOUN bracis-28365 321 18 ensemble ensemble ADJ bracis-28365 321 19 for for ADP bracis-28365 321 20 kdd kdd PROPN bracis-28365 321 21 cup cup PROPN bracis-28365 321 22 2010 2010 NUM bracis-28365 321 23 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 322 1 j. j. PROPN bracis-28365 322 2 mach mach PROPN bracis-28365 322 3 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 323 1 learn learn VERB bracis-28365 323 2 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 324 1 res re NOUN bracis-28365 324 2 . . PROPN bracis-28365 325 1 1 1 NUM bracis-28365 325 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 325 3 1–16 1–16 NOUN bracis-28365 325 4 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 325 5 2010 2010 NUM bracis-28365 325 6 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 325 7 google google PROPN bracis-28365 325 8 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-28365 325 9     SPACE bracis-28365 325 10 download download NOUN bracis-28365 325 11 references reference NOUN bracis-28365 325 12 acknowledgements acknowledgement NOUN bracis-28365 325 13 the the DET bracis-28365 325 14 authors author NOUN bracis-28365 325 15 thank thank VERB bracis-28365 325 16 the the DET bracis-28365 325 17 financial financial ADJ bracis-28365 325 18 support support NOUN bracis-28365 325 19 of of ADP bracis-28365 325 20 fapesp fapesp NOUN bracis-28365 325 21 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 325 22 grant grant NOUN bracis-28365 325 23 2021/06870 2021/06870 NUM bracis-28365 325 24 - - SYM bracis-28365 325 25 3 3 NUM bracis-28365 325 26 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 325 27 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 325 28 cnpq cnpq NOUN bracis-28365 325 29 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 326 1 author author NOUN bracis-28365 326 2 information information NOUN bracis-28365 326 3 authors author NOUN bracis-28365 326 4 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 326 5 affiliations affiliation NOUN bracis-28365 326 6 aeronautics aeronautics PROPN bracis-28365 326 7 institute institute PROPN bracis-28365 326 8 of of ADP bracis-28365 326 9 technology technology PROPN bracis-28365 326 10 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 326 11 são são PROPN bracis-28365 326 12 josé josé PROPN bracis-28365 326 13 dos dos PROPN bracis-28365 326 14 campos campos PROPN bracis-28365 326 15 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 326 16 brazil brazil PROPN bracis-28365 326 17 eduardo eduardo PROPN bracis-28365 326 18 vargas vargas PROPN bracis-28365 326 19 ferreira ferreira PROPN bracis-28365 326 20     SPACE bracis-28365 326 21 & & CCONJ bracis-28365 326 22     SPACE bracis-28365 326 23 ana ana PROPN bracis-28365 326 24 carolina carolina PROPN bracis-28365 326 25 lorena lorena PROPN bracis-28365 326 26 federal federal PROPN bracis-28365 326 27 university university PROPN bracis-28365 326 28 of of ADP bracis-28365 326 29 paraná paraná PROPN bracis-28365 326 30 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 326 31 curitiba curitiba PROPN bracis-28365 326 32 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 326 33 brazil brazil PROPN bracis-28365 326 34 eduardo eduardo PROPN bracis-28365 326 35 vargas vargas PROPN bracis-28365 326 36 ferreira ferreira PROPN bracis-28365 326 37 authors authors PROPN bracis-28365 326 38 eduardo eduardo PROPN bracis-28365 326 39 vargas vargas PROPN bracis-28365 326 40 ferreiraview ferreiraview NOUN bracis-28365 326 41 author author NOUN bracis-28365 326 42 publications publication NOUN bracis-28365 326 43 search search NOUN bracis-28365 326 44 author author NOUN bracis-28365 326 45 on on ADP bracis-28365 326 46 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 326 47 pubmed pubmed PROPN bracis-28365 326 48     SPACE bracis-28365 326 49 google google PROPN bracis-28365 326 50 scholar scholar PROPN bracis-28365 326 51 ana ana PROPN bracis-28365 326 52 carolina carolina PROPN bracis-28365 326 53 lorenaview lorenaview PROPN bracis-28365 326 54 author author NOUN bracis-28365 326 55 publications publication NOUN bracis-28365 326 56 search search NOUN bracis-28365 326 57 author author NOUN bracis-28365 326 58 on on ADP bracis-28365 326 59 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 326 60 pubmed pubmed PROPN bracis-28365 326 61     SPACE bracis-28365 326 62 google google PROPN bracis-28365 326 63 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-28365 326 64 corresponding correspond VERB bracis-28365 326 65 author author NOUN bracis-28365 326 66 correspondence correspondence NOUN bracis-28365 326 67 to to ADP bracis-28365 326 68 eduardo eduardo PROPN bracis-28365 326 69 vargas vargas PROPN bracis-28365 326 70 ferreira ferreira PROPN bracis-28365 326 71 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 327 1 editor editor NOUN bracis-28365 327 2 information information NOUN bracis-28365 327 3 editors editor NOUN bracis-28365 327 4 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 327 5 affiliations affiliation NOUN bracis-28365 327 6 federal federal PROPN bracis-28365 327 7 university university PROPN bracis-28365 327 8 of of ADP bracis-28365 327 9 são são PROPN bracis-28365 327 10 carlos carlos PROPN bracis-28365 327 11 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 327 12 são são PROPN bracis-28365 327 13 carlos carlos PROPN bracis-28365 327 14 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 327 15 brazil brazil PROPN bracis-28365 327 16 murilo murilo PROPN bracis-28365 327 17 c. c. PROPN bracis-28365 327 18 naldi naldi PROPN bracis-28365 327 19 centro centro PROPN bracis-28365 327 20 universitario universitario PROPN bracis-28365 327 21 da da PROPN bracis-28365 327 22 fei fei PROPN bracis-28365 327 23 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 327 24 são são PROPN bracis-28365 327 25 bernardo bernardo PROPN bracis-28365 327 26 do do AUX bracis-28365 327 27 campo campo PROPN bracis-28365 327 28 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 327 29 brazil brazil PROPN bracis-28365 327 30 reinaldo reinaldo PROPN bracis-28365 327 31 a. a. PROPN bracis-28365 327 32 c. c. PROPN bracis-28365 327 33 bianchi bianchi PROPN bracis-28365 327 34 appendix appendix VERB bracis-28365 327 35 1 1 NUM bracis-28365 327 36 appendix appendix NOUN bracis-28365 327 37 1 1 NUM bracis-28365 327 38 1.1 1.1 NUM bracis-28365 327 39 6.1 6.1 NUM bracis-28365 327 40 proof proof NOUN bracis-28365 327 41 of of ADP bracis-28365 327 42     SPACE bracis-28365 327 43 the the DET bracis-28365 327 44     SPACE bracis-28365 327 45 equations equation NOUN bracis-28365 327 46 proof proof NOUN bracis-28365 327 47 of of ADP bracis-28365 327 48 the the DET bracis-28365 327 49 eq eq NOUN bracis-28365 327 50 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 327 51     SPACE bracis-28365 327 52 2 2 NUM bracis-28365 327 53 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 327 54 $ $ SYM bracis-28365 327 55 $ $ SYM bracis-28365 327 56 \begin{aligned \begin{aligne VERB bracis-28365 327 57 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 327 58 p p NOUN bracis-28365 327 59 \left \left PROPN bracis-28365 327 60 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 327 61 x_i| x_i| PRON bracis-28365 327 62 \textbf{y};\mathbf \textbf{y};\mathbf NOUN bracis-28365 327 63 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 327 64 \theta \theta PROPN bracis-28365 327 65 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 327 66 \right \right PROPN bracis-28365 327 67 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 327 68 = = PUNCT bracis-28365 327 69 & & CCONJ bracis-28365 327 70 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 327 71 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 327 72 \displaystyle \displaystyle PROPN bracis-28365 327 73 \frac{e^{-f(\textbf{x},\textbf{y \frac{e^{-f(\textbf{x},\textbf{y PROPN bracis-28365 327 74 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 327 75 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 327 76 z;\mathbf z;\mathbf PROPN bracis-28365 327 77 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 327 78 \theta \theta PROPN bracis-28365 327 79 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 327 80 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 327 81 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 327 82 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 327 83 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 327 84 \displaystyle \displaystyle PROPN bracis-28365 327 85 \sum \sum NOUN bracis-28365 327 86 _ _ PUNCT bracis-28365 327 87 x x X bracis-28365 327 88 e^{-f(\textbf{x},\textbf{y e^{-f(\textbf{x},\textbf{y ADV bracis-28365 327 89 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 327 90 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 327 91 z;\mathbf z;\mathbf PROPN bracis-28365 327 92 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 327 93 \theta \theta PROPN bracis-28365 327 94 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 327 95 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 327 96 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 327 97 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 327 98 \\ \\ NOUN bracis-28365 327 99 = = SYM bracis-28365 327 100 & & CCONJ bracis-28365 327 101 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 327 102 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 327 103 \frac{exp\left\ \frac{exp\left\ PROPN bracis-28365 327 104 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 327 105 \displaystyle \displaystyle PROPN bracis-28365 327 106 -\frac{1}{2 -\frac{1}{2 PROPN bracis-28365 327 107 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 327 108 \left \left PROPN bracis-28365 327 109 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 327 110 \textbf{y \textbf{y PROPN bracis-28365 327 111 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 327 112 \textbf{b}\right \textbf{b}\right NUM bracis-28365 327 113 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 327 114 ^t\mathbf ^t\mathbf NOUN bracis-28365 327 115 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 327 116 \sigma \sigma PROPN bracis-28365 327 117 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 327 118 \left \left PROPN bracis-28365 327 119 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 327 120 \textbf{y \textbf{y PROPN bracis-28365 327 121 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 327 122 \textbf{b}\right \textbf{b}\right CCONJ bracis-28365 327 123 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 327 124 ^t ^t PROPN bracis-28365 328 1 + + CCONJ bracis-28365 328 2 \textbf{y}\mathbf \textbf{y}\mathbf VERB bracis-28365 328 3 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 328 4 \sigma \sigma PROPN bracis-28365 328 5 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 328 6 ^{1/2 ^{1/2 ADJ bracis-28365 328 7 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 328 8 \textbf{w}_{.i \textbf{w}_{.i ADV bracis-28365 328 9 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 328 10 x_i x_i PUNCT bracis-28365 328 11 \frac{1}{2 \frac{1}{2 PROPN bracis-28365 328 12 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 328 13 \frac{\left \frac{\left NOUN bracis-28365 328 14 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 328 15 z z NOUN bracis-28365 328 16 c\right c\right ADJ bracis-28365 328 17 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 328 18 ^2}{\sigma ^2}{\sigma PUNCT bracis-28365 329 1 ^2 ^2 ADP bracis-28365 329 2 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 329 3 + + CCONJ bracis-28365 329 4 \frac{z}{\sigma \frac{z}{\sigma NOUN bracis-28365 329 5 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 329 6 \textbf{v \textbf{v NOUN bracis-28365 329 7 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 329 8 \textbf{y \textbf{y PROPN bracis-28365 329 9 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 329 10 + + CCONJ bracis-28365 329 11 x_i x_i PUNCT bracis-28365 329 12 a_i a_i PROPN bracis-28365 329 13 \right\ \right\ ADJ bracis-28365 329 14 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 329 15 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 329 16 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 329 17 \displaystyle \displaystyle PROPN bracis-28365 329 18 \sum \sum NOUN bracis-28365 329 19 _ _ PUNCT bracis-28365 329 20 x x PUNCT bracis-28365 329 21 exp\left\ exp\left\ PROPN bracis-28365 329 22 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 329 23 \displaystyle \displaystyle PROPN bracis-28365 329 24 -\frac{1}{2 -\frac{1}{2 PROPN bracis-28365 329 25 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 329 26 \left \left PROPN bracis-28365 329 27 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 329 28 \textbf{y \textbf{y PROPN bracis-28365 329 29 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 329 30 \textbf{b}\right \textbf{b}\right NUM bracis-28365 329 31 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 329 32 ^t\mathbf ^t\mathbf NOUN bracis-28365 329 33 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 329 34 \sigma \sigma PROPN bracis-28365 329 35 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 329 36 \left \left PROPN bracis-28365 329 37 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 329 38 \textbf{y \textbf{y PROPN bracis-28365 329 39 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 329 40 \textbf{b}\right \textbf{b}\right CCONJ bracis-28365 329 41 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 329 42 ^t ^t PROPN bracis-28365 330 1 + + CCONJ bracis-28365 330 2 \textbf{y}\mathbf \textbf{y}\mathbf VERB bracis-28365 330 3 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 330 4 \sigma \sigma PROPN bracis-28365 330 5 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 330 6 ^{1/2 ^{1/2 ADJ bracis-28365 330 7 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 330 8 \textbf{w}_{.i \textbf{w}_{.i ADV bracis-28365 330 9 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 330 10 x_i x_i PUNCT bracis-28365 330 11 \frac{1}{2 \frac{1}{2 PROPN bracis-28365 330 12 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 330 13 \frac{\left \frac{\left NOUN bracis-28365 330 14 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 330 15 z z NOUN bracis-28365 330 16 c\right c\right ADJ bracis-28365 330 17 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 330 18 ^2}{\sigma ^2}{\sigma PUNCT bracis-28365 331 1 ^2 ^2 ADP bracis-28365 331 2 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 331 3 + + CCONJ bracis-28365 331 4 \frac{z}{\sigma \frac{z}{\sigma NOUN bracis-28365 331 5 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 331 6 \textbf{v \textbf{v NOUN bracis-28365 331 7 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 331 8 \textbf{y \textbf{y PROPN bracis-28365 331 9 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 331 10 + + CCONJ bracis-28365 331 11 x_i x_i PUNCT bracis-28365 331 12 a_i a_i PROPN bracis-28365 331 13 \right\ \right\ ADJ bracis-28365 331 14 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 331 15 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 331 16 \\[15pt \\[15pt PROPN bracis-28365 331 17 ] ] X bracis-28365 331 18 = = PUNCT bracis-28365 331 19 & & CCONJ bracis-28365 331 20 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 331 21 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 331 22 \frac{exp\left\ \frac{exp\left\ PROPN bracis-28365 331 23 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 331 24 \textbf{y}\mathbf \textbf{y}\mathbf PUNCT bracis-28365 331 25 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 331 26 \sigma \sigma PROPN bracis-28365 331 27 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 331 28 ^{1/2 ^{1/2 ADJ bracis-28365 331 29 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 331 30 \textbf{w}_{.i \textbf{w}_{.i ADV bracis-28365 331 31 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 331 32 x_i x_i PUNCT bracis-28365 332 1 + + CCONJ bracis-28365 332 2 x_i x_i X bracis-28365 332 3 a_i\right\ a_i\right\ NOUN bracis-28365 332 4 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 332 5 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 332 6 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 332 7 \displaystyle \displaystyle PROPN bracis-28365 332 8 \sum \sum PROPN bracis-28365 332 9 _ _ PUNCT bracis-28365 332 10 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 332 11 x_i x_i PUNCT bracis-28365 332 12 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 332 13 exp exp NOUN bracis-28365 332 14 \left\ \left\ PROPN bracis-28365 332 15 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 332 16 \textbf{y}\mathbf \textbf{y}\mathbf PUNCT bracis-28365 332 17 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 332 18 \sigma \sigma PROPN bracis-28365 332 19 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 332 20 ^{1/2 ^{1/2 ADJ bracis-28365 332 21 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 332 22 \textbf{w}_{.i \textbf{w}_{.i ADV bracis-28365 332 23 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 332 24 x_i x_i PUNCT bracis-28365 333 1 + + CCONJ bracis-28365 333 2 x_i x_i X bracis-28365 333 3 a_i\right\ a_i\right\ PROPN bracis-28365 333 4 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 333 5 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 333 6 \ \ PUNCT bracis-28365 333 7 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 333 8 \text \text X bracis-28365 333 9 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 333 10 the the DET bracis-28365 333 11 only only ADJ bracis-28365 333 12 terms term NOUN bracis-28365 333 13 that that PRON bracis-28365 333 14 depend depend VERB bracis-28365 333 15 on on ADP bracis-28365 333 16 x x NOUN bracis-28365 333 17 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 333 18 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 333 19 \end{aligned}$$ \end{aligned}$$ ADP bracis-28365 333 20 proof proof NOUN bracis-28365 333 21 of of ADP bracis-28365 333 22 the the DET bracis-28365 333 23 eq eq NOUN bracis-28365 333 24 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 333 25     SPACE bracis-28365 334 1 3 3 NUM bracis-28365 334 2 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 334 3 $ $ SYM bracis-28365 334 4 $ $ SYM bracis-28365 334 5 \begin{aligned \begin{aligne VERB bracis-28365 334 6 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 334 7 p p NOUN bracis-28365 334 8 \left \left PROPN bracis-28365 334 9 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 334 10 y| y| NOUN bracis-28365 334 11 \textbf{x \textbf{x NOUN bracis-28365 334 12 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 334 13 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 334 14 z;\mathbf z;\mathbf PROPN bracis-28365 334 15 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 334 16 \theta \theta PROPN bracis-28365 334 17 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 334 18 \right \right PROPN bracis-28365 334 19 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 334 20 = = PUNCT bracis-28365 334 21 & & CCONJ bracis-28365 334 22 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 334 23 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 334 24 \displaystyle \displaystyle PROPN bracis-28365 334 25 \frac{e^{-f(\textbf{x},\textbf{y \frac{e^{-f(\textbf{x},\textbf{y PROPN bracis-28365 334 26 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 334 27 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 334 28 z;\mathbf z;\mathbf PROPN bracis-28365 334 29 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 334 30 \theta \theta PROPN bracis-28365 334 31 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 334 32 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 334 33 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 334 34 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 334 35 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 334 36 \displaystyle \displaystyle PROPN bracis-28365 334 37 \int \int PROPN bracis-28365 334 38 _ _ PUNCT bracis-28365 334 39 u u PROPN bracis-28365 334 40 e^{-f(\textbf{x},\textbf{u e^{-f(\textbf{x},\textbf{u PROPN bracis-28365 334 41 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 334 42 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 334 43 z;\mathbf z;\mathbf PROPN bracis-28365 334 44 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 334 45 \theta \theta PROPN bracis-28365 334 46 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 334 47 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 334 48 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 334 49 d d X bracis-28365 334 50 u u NOUN bracis-28365 334 51 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 334 52 \\ \\ NOUN bracis-28365 334 53 = = SYM bracis-28365 334 54 & & CCONJ bracis-28365 334 55 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 334 56 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 334 57 \frac{exp\left\ \frac{exp\left\ PROPN bracis-28365 334 58 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 334 59 \displaystyle \displaystyle PROPN bracis-28365 334 60 -\frac{1}{2 -\frac{1}{2 PROPN bracis-28365 334 61 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 334 62 \left \left PROPN bracis-28365 334 63 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 334 64 \textbf{y \textbf{y PROPN bracis-28365 334 65 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 334 66 \textbf{b}\right \textbf{b}\right NUM bracis-28365 334 67 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 334 68 ^t\mathbf ^t\mathbf NOUN bracis-28365 334 69 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 334 70 \sigma \sigma PROPN bracis-28365 334 71 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 334 72 \left \left PROPN bracis-28365 334 73 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 334 74 \textbf{y \textbf{y PROPN bracis-28365 334 75 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 334 76 \textbf{b}\right \textbf{b}\right CCONJ bracis-28365 334 77 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 334 78 ^t ^t PROPN bracis-28365 335 1 + + CCONJ bracis-28365 335 2 \textbf{y}\mathbf \textbf{y}\mathbf AUX bracis-28365 335 3 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 335 4 \sigma \sigma PROPN bracis-28365 335 5 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 335 6 ^{1/2 ^{1/2 ADJ bracis-28365 335 7 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 335 8 \textbf{w \textbf{w ADV bracis-28365 335 9 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 335 10 \textbf{x \textbf{x NOUN bracis-28365 335 11 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 335 12 + + CCONJ bracis-28365 335 13 \frac{z}{\sigma \frac{z}{\sigma NOUN bracis-28365 335 14 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 335 15 \textbf{v \textbf{v NOUN bracis-28365 335 16 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 335 17 \textbf{y \textbf{y PROPN bracis-28365 335 18 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 335 19 \right\ \right\ ADJ bracis-28365 335 20 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 335 21 \mathbb \mathbb PROPN bracis-28365 335 22 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 335 23 i}(\textbf{y i}(\textbf{y NOUN bracis-28365 335 24 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 335 25 \ge \ge PROPN bracis-28365 335 26 0)}{\displaystyle 0)}{\displaystyle X bracis-28365 335 27 \int \int PROPN bracis-28365 335 28 _ _ PUNCT bracis-28365 335 29 \textbf{u \textbf{u ADJ bracis-28365 335 30 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 335 31 exp\left\ exp\left\ PROPN bracis-28365 335 32 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 335 33 \displaystyle \displaystyle PROPN bracis-28365 335 34 -\frac{1}{2 -\frac{1}{2 PROPN bracis-28365 335 35 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 335 36 \left \left PROPN bracis-28365 335 37 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 335 38 \textbf{u \textbf{u ADJ bracis-28365 335 39 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 335 40 \textbf{b}\right \textbf{b}\right PRON bracis-28365 335 41 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 335 42 ^t\mathbf ^t\mathbf NOUN bracis-28365 335 43 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 335 44 \sigma \sigma PROPN bracis-28365 335 45 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 335 46 \left \left PROPN bracis-28365 335 47 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 335 48 \textbf{u \textbf{u ADJ bracis-28365 335 49 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 335 50 \textbf{b}\right \textbf{b}\right PRON bracis-28365 335 51 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 335 52 ^t ^t PUNCT bracis-28365 336 1 + + CCONJ bracis-28365 336 2 \textbf{u}\mathbf \textbf{u}\mathbf PROPN bracis-28365 336 3 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 336 4 \sigma \sigma PROPN bracis-28365 336 5 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 336 6 ^{1/2 ^{1/2 ADJ bracis-28365 336 7 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 336 8 \textbf{w \textbf{w ADV bracis-28365 336 9 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 336 10 \textbf{x \textbf{x NOUN bracis-28365 336 11 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 336 12 + + CCONJ bracis-28365 336 13 \frac{z}{\sigma \frac{z}{\sigma NOUN bracis-28365 336 14 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 336 15 \textbf{v \textbf{v NOUN bracis-28365 336 16 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 336 17 \textbf{u \textbf{u ADJ bracis-28365 336 18 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 336 19 \right\ \right\ ADJ bracis-28365 336 20 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 336 21 \mathbb \mathbb PROPN bracis-28365 336 22 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 336 23 i}(\textbf{u i}(\textbf{u X bracis-28365 336 24 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 336 25 \ge \ge PROPN bracis-28365 336 26 0 0 NUM bracis-28365 336 27 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 336 28 d d NOUN bracis-28365 336 29 \textbf{u}}\\ \textbf{u}}\\ NOUN bracis-28365 336 30 = = SYM bracis-28365 336 31 & & CCONJ bracis-28365 336 32 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 336 33 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 336 34 \mathcal \mathcal ADJ bracis-28365 336 35 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 336 36 n}_r\left n}_r\left PROPN bracis-28365 336 37 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 336 38 \textbf{y \textbf{y PROPN bracis-28365 336 39 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 336 40 | | ADV bracis-28365 336 41 \textbf{w}\textbf{x \textbf{w}\textbf{x ADJ bracis-28365 336 42 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 336 43 + + NUM bracis-28365 336 44 \frac{\textbf{v}^tz}{\sigma \frac{\textbf{v}^tz}{\sigma NOUN bracis-28365 336 45 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 336 46 + + NUM bracis-28365 336 47 b b X bracis-28365 336 48 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 336 49 \mathbf \mathbf PROPN bracis-28365 336 50 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 336 51 \sigma \sigma PROPN bracis-28365 336 52 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 336 53 \right \right PROPN bracis-28365 336 54 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 336 55 \end{aligned}$$ \end{aligned}$$ ADP bracis-28365 336 56 proof proof NOUN bracis-28365 336 57 of of ADP bracis-28365 336 58 the the DET bracis-28365 336 59 eq eq NOUN bracis-28365 336 60 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 336 61     SPACE bracis-28365 337 1 4 4 NUM bracis-28365 337 2 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 337 3 $ $ SYM bracis-28365 337 4 $ $ SYM bracis-28365 337 5 \begin{aligned \begin{aligne VERB bracis-28365 337 6 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 337 7 p p NOUN bracis-28365 337 8 \left \left PROPN bracis-28365 337 9 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 337 10 z| z| PROPN bracis-28365 337 11 \textbf{y};\mathbf \textbf{y};\mathbf NOUN bracis-28365 337 12 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 337 13 \theta \theta PROPN bracis-28365 337 14 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 337 15 \right \right PROPN bracis-28365 337 16 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 337 17 = = PUNCT bracis-28365 337 18 & & CCONJ bracis-28365 337 19 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 337 20 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 337 21 \displaystyle \displaystyle PROPN bracis-28365 337 22 \frac{e^{-f(\textbf{x},\textbf{y \frac{e^{-f(\textbf{x},\textbf{y PROPN bracis-28365 337 23 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 337 24 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 337 25 z;\mathbf z;\mathbf PROPN bracis-28365 337 26 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 337 27 \theta \theta PROPN bracis-28365 337 28 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 337 29 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 337 30 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 337 31 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 337 32 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 337 33 \displaystyle \displaystyle PROPN bracis-28365 337 34 \int \int PROPN bracis-28365 337 35 _ _ PUNCT bracis-28365 337 36 u u PROPN bracis-28365 337 37 e^{-f(\textbf{x},\textbf{u e^{-f(\textbf{x},\textbf{u PROPN bracis-28365 337 38 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 337 39 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 337 40 z;\mathbf z;\mathbf PROPN bracis-28365 337 41 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 337 42 \theta \theta PROPN bracis-28365 337 43 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 337 44 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 337 45 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 337 46 d d X bracis-28365 337 47 u u NOUN bracis-28365 337 48 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 337 49 \\ \\ NOUN bracis-28365 337 50 = = SYM bracis-28365 337 51 & & CCONJ bracis-28365 337 52 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 337 53 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 337 54 \frac{exp\left\ \frac{exp\left\ PROPN bracis-28365 337 55 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 337 56 \displaystyle \displaystyle PROPN bracis-28365 337 57 \frac{1}{2 \frac{1}{2 NOUN bracis-28365 337 58 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 337 59 \frac{\left \frac{\left NOUN bracis-28365 337 60 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 337 61 z z NOUN bracis-28365 337 62 c\right c\right ADJ bracis-28365 337 63 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 337 64 ^2}{\sigma ^2}{\sigma PUNCT bracis-28365 338 1 ^2 ^2 ADP bracis-28365 338 2 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 338 3 + + CCONJ bracis-28365 338 4 \frac{z}{\sigma \frac{z}{\sigma NOUN bracis-28365 338 5 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 338 6 \textbf{v \textbf{v NOUN bracis-28365 338 7 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 338 8 \textbf{y \textbf{y PROPN bracis-28365 338 9 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 338 10 \right\ \right\ ADJ bracis-28365 338 11 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 338 12 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 338 13 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 338 14 \displaystyle \displaystyle PROPN bracis-28365 338 15 \int \int PROPN bracis-28365 338 16 _ _ PUNCT bracis-28365 338 17 \textbf{u \textbf{u ADJ bracis-28365 338 18 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 338 19 exp\left\ exp\left\ PROPN bracis-28365 338 20 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 338 21 \displaystyle \displaystyle PROPN bracis-28365 338 22 \frac{1}{2 \frac{1}{2 PROPN bracis-28365 338 23 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 338 24 \frac{\left \frac{\left NOUN bracis-28365 338 25 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 338 26 u u NOUN bracis-28365 338 27 c\right c\right ADJ bracis-28365 338 28 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 338 29 ^2}{\sigma ^2}{\sigma PUNCT bracis-28365 339 1 ^2 ^2 ADP bracis-28365 339 2 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 339 3 + + CCONJ bracis-28365 339 4 \frac{u}{\sigma \frac{u}{\sigma PRON bracis-28365 339 5 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 339 6 \textbf{v \textbf{v NOUN bracis-28365 339 7 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 339 8 \textbf{y \textbf{y PROPN bracis-28365 339 9 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 339 10 \right\ \right\ ADJ bracis-28365 339 11 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 339 12 d d ADP bracis-28365 339 13 \textbf{u}}\\ \textbf{u}}\\ NUM bracis-28365 339 14 = = SYM bracis-28365 339 15 & & CCONJ bracis-28365 339 16 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 339 17 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 339 18 \mathcal \mathcal PROPN bracis-28365 339 19 { { PUNCT bracis-28365 339 20 n}\left n}\left PROPN bracis-28365 339 21 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 339 22 z|\textbf{v}\textbf{y z|\textbf{v}\textbf{y NUM bracis-28365 339 23 } } PUNCT bracis-28365 339 24 + + CCONJ bracis-28365 339 25 c c X bracis-28365 339 26 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 339 27 \sigma \sigma PROPN bracis-28365 339 28 ^2\right ^2\right NUM bracis-28365 339 29 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 339 30 \end{aligned}$$ \end{aligned}$$ ADP bracis-28365 339 31 rights right NOUN bracis-28365 339 32 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 339 33 permissions permission NOUN bracis-28365 339 34 reprints reprint NOUN bracis-28365 339 35 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 339 36 permissions permission VERB bracis-28365 339 37 copyright copyright NOUN bracis-28365 339 38 information information NOUN bracis-28365 339 39 © © ADP bracis-28365 339 40 2023 2023 NUM bracis-28365 339 41 the the DET bracis-28365 339 42 author(s author(s NOUN bracis-28365 339 43 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 339 44 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 339 45 under under ADP bracis-28365 339 46 exclusive exclusive ADJ bracis-28365 339 47 license license NOUN bracis-28365 339 48 to to ADP bracis-28365 339 49 springer springer NOUN bracis-28365 339 50 nature nature PROPN bracis-28365 339 51 switzerland switzerland PROPN bracis-28365 339 52 ag ag PROPN bracis-28365 339 53 about about ADP bracis-28365 339 54 this this DET bracis-28365 339 55 paper paper NOUN bracis-28365 339 56 cite cite VERB bracis-28365 339 57 this this DET bracis-28365 339 58 paper paper NOUN bracis-28365 339 59 ferreira ferreira PROPN bracis-28365 339 60 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 339 61 e.v e.v PROPN bracis-28365 339 62 . . PROPN bracis-28365 339 63 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 339 64 lorena lorena PROPN bracis-28365 339 65 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 339 66 a.c a.c PROPN bracis-28365 339 67 . . PROPN bracis-28365 339 68 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 339 69 2023 2023 NUM bracis-28365 339 70 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 339 71 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 340 1 machine machine NOUN bracis-28365 340 2 teaching teaching NOUN bracis-28365 340 3 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 340 4 an an DET bracis-28365 340 5 explainable explainable ADJ bracis-28365 340 6 machine machine NOUN bracis-28365 340 7 learning learn VERB bracis-28365 340 8 model model NOUN bracis-28365 340 9 for for ADP bracis-28365 340 10     SPACE bracis-28365 340 11 individualized individualized ADJ bracis-28365 340 12 education education NOUN bracis-28365 340 13 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 341 1 in in ADP bracis-28365 341 2 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 341 3 naldi naldi PROPN bracis-28365 341 4 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 341 5 m.c m.c PROPN bracis-28365 341 6 . . PROPN bracis-28365 341 7 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 341 8 bianchi bianchi PROPN bracis-28365 341 9 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 341 10 r.a.c r.a.c ADP bracis-28365 341 11 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 341 12 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 341 13 eds ed NOUN bracis-28365 341 14 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 341 15 intelligent intelligent ADJ bracis-28365 341 16 systems system NOUN bracis-28365 341 17 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 342 1 bracis bracis PROPN bracis-28365 342 2 2023 2023 NUM bracis-28365 342 3 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 343 1 lecture lecture NOUN bracis-28365 343 2 notes note NOUN bracis-28365 343 3 in in ADP bracis-28365 343 4 computer computer NOUN bracis-28365 343 5 science science NOUN bracis-28365 343 6 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 343 7 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 343 8 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 343 9 vol vol NOUN bracis-28365 343 10 14195 14195 NUM bracis-28365 343 11 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 344 1 springer springer NOUN bracis-28365 344 2 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 344 3 cham cham PROPN bracis-28365 344 4 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 345 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-45368-7_21 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-45368-7_21 PROPN bracis-28365 345 2 download download VERB bracis-28365 345 3 citation citation NOUN bracis-28365 345 4 .ris .ris PUNCT bracis-28365 345 5 .enw .enw PROPN bracis-28365 345 6 .bib .bib PUNCT bracis-28365 346 1 doi doi PROPN bracis-28365 346 2 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 346 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-45368-7_21 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-45368-7_21 PRON bracis-28365 346 4 published publish VERB bracis-28365 346 5 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 346 6 12 12 NUM bracis-28365 346 7 october october PROPN bracis-28365 346 8 2023 2023 NUM bracis-28365 346 9 publisher publisher NOUN bracis-28365 346 10 name name NOUN bracis-28365 346 11 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 346 12 springer springer NOUN bracis-28365 346 13 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 346 14 cham cham PROPN bracis-28365 346 15 print print PROPN bracis-28365 346 16 isbn isbn PROPN bracis-28365 346 17 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 346 18 978 978 NUM bracis-28365 346 19 - - SYM bracis-28365 346 20 3 3 NUM bracis-28365 346 21 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 346 22 031 031 NUM bracis-28365 346 23 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 346 24 45367 45367 NUM bracis-28365 346 25 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 346 26 0 0 NUM bracis-28365 346 27 online online ADJ bracis-28365 346 28 isbn isbn NOUN bracis-28365 346 29 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 346 30 978 978 NUM bracis-28365 346 31 - - SYM bracis-28365 346 32 3 3 NUM bracis-28365 346 33 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 346 34 031 031 NUM bracis-28365 346 35 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 346 36 45368 45368 NUM bracis-28365 346 37 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 346 38 7 7 NUM bracis-28365 346 39 ebook ebook NOUN bracis-28365 346 40 packages package NOUN bracis-28365 346 41 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 346 42 computer computer NOUN bracis-28365 346 43 sciencecomputer sciencecomputer NOUN bracis-28365 346 44 science science NOUN bracis-28365 346 45 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 346 46 r0 r0 NOUN bracis-28365 346 47 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 346 48 share share VERB bracis-28365 346 49 this this DET bracis-28365 346 50 paper paper NOUN bracis-28365 346 51 anyone anyone PRON bracis-28365 346 52 you you PRON bracis-28365 346 53 share share VERB bracis-28365 346 54 the the DET bracis-28365 346 55 following follow VERB bracis-28365 346 56 link link NOUN bracis-28365 346 57 with with ADP bracis-28365 346 58 will will AUX bracis-28365 346 59 be be AUX bracis-28365 346 60 able able ADJ bracis-28365 346 61 to to PART bracis-28365 346 62 read read VERB bracis-28365 346 63 this this DET bracis-28365 346 64 content content NOUN bracis-28365 346 65 : : PUNCT bracis-28365 346 66 get get VERB bracis-28365 346 67 shareable shareable ADJ bracis-28365 346 68 linksorry linksorry NOUN bracis-28365 346 69 , , PUNCT bracis-28365 346 70 a a DET bracis-28365 346 71 shareable shareable ADJ bracis-28365 346 72 link link NOUN bracis-28365 346 73 is be AUX bracis-28365 346 74 not not PART bracis-28365 346 75 currently currently ADV bracis-28365 346 76 available available ADJ bracis-28365 346 77 for for ADP bracis-28365 346 78 this this DET bracis-28365 346 79 article article NOUN bracis-28365 346 80 . . PUNCT bracis-28365 347 1 copy copy VERB bracis-28365 347 2 shareable shareable ADJ bracis-28365 347 3 link link NOUN bracis-28365 347 4 to to PART bracis-28365 347 5 clipboard clipboard NOUN bracis-28365 347 6 provided provide VERB bracis-28365 347 7 by by ADP bracis-28365 347 8 the the DET bracis-28365 347 9 springer springer NOUN bracis-28365 347 10 nature nature PROPN bracis-28365 347 11 sharedit sharedit PROPN bracis-28365 347 12 content content NOUN bracis-28365 347 13 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 347 14 sharing share VERB bracis-28365 347 15 initiative initiative NOUN bracis-28365 347 16 keywords keyword NOUN bracis-28365 347 17 explainable explainable ADJ bracis-28365 347 18 artificial artificial ADJ bracis-28365 347 19 intelligence intelligence NOUN bracis-28365 347 20 deep deep ADJ bracis-28365 347 21 boltzmann boltzmann PROPN bracis-28365 347 22 machines machine NOUN bracis-28365 347 23 education education PROPN bracis-28365 347 24 publish publish VERB bracis-28365 347 25 with with ADP bracis-28365 347 26 us us PROPN bracis-28365 347 27 policies policy NOUN bracis-28365 347 28 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 347 29 ethics ethic NOUN bracis-28365 347 30 profiles profile NOUN bracis-28365 347 31 ana ana PROPN bracis-28365 347 32 carolina carolina PROPN bracis-28365 347 33 lorena lorena PROPN bracis-28365 347 34 view view PROPN bracis-28365 347 35 author author NOUN bracis-28365 347 36 profile profile NOUN bracis-28365 347 37 search search NOUN bracis-28365 347 38 search search NOUN bracis-28365 347 39 by by ADP bracis-28365 347 40 keyword keyword NOUN bracis-28365 347 41 or or CCONJ bracis-28365 347 42 author author NOUN bracis-28365 347 43 search search NOUN bracis-28365 347 44 navigation navigation NOUN bracis-28365 347 45 find find VERB bracis-28365 347 46 a a DET bracis-28365 347 47 journal journal NOUN bracis-28365 347 48 publish publish VERB bracis-28365 347 49 with with ADP bracis-28365 347 50 us we PRON bracis-28365 347 51 track track VERB bracis-28365 347 52 your your PRON bracis-28365 347 53 research research NOUN bracis-28365 347 54 discover discover VERB bracis-28365 347 55 content content NOUN bracis-28365 347 56 journals journal NOUN bracis-28365 347 57 a a DET bracis-28365 347 58 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 347 59 z z NOUN bracis-28365 347 60 books book NOUN bracis-28365 347 61 a a DET bracis-28365 347 62 - - PUNCT bracis-28365 347 63 z z NOUN bracis-28365 347 64 publish publish NOUN bracis-28365 347 65 with with ADP bracis-28365 347 66 us us PROPN bracis-28365 347 67 journal journal PROPN bracis-28365 347 68 finder finder PROPN bracis-28365 347 69 publish publish VERB bracis-28365 347 70 your your PRON bracis-28365 347 71 research research NOUN bracis-28365 347 72 language language NOUN bracis-28365 347 73 editing edit VERB bracis-28365 347 74 open open ADJ bracis-28365 347 75 access access NOUN bracis-28365 347 76 publishing publishing NOUN bracis-28365 347 77 products product NOUN bracis-28365 347 78 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 347 79 services service NOUN bracis-28365 347 80 our our PRON bracis-28365 347 81 products product NOUN bracis-28365 347 82 librarians librarian VERB bracis-28365 347 83 societies society NOUN bracis-28365 347 84 partners partner NOUN bracis-28365 347 85 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 347 86 advertisers advertiser NOUN bracis-28365 347 87 our our PRON bracis-28365 347 88 brands brand NOUN bracis-28365 347 89 springer springer NOUN bracis-28365 347 90 nature nature PROPN bracis-28365 347 91 portfolio portfolio PROPN bracis-28365 347 92 bmc bmc PROPN bracis-28365 347 93 palgrave palgrave PROPN bracis-28365 347 94 macmillan macmillan PROPN bracis-28365 347 95 apress apress PROPN bracis-28365 347 96 discover discover VERB bracis-28365 347 97 your your PRON bracis-28365 347 98 privacy privacy NOUN bracis-28365 347 99 choices choice NOUN bracis-28365 347 100 / / SYM bracis-28365 347 101 manage manage NOUN bracis-28365 347 102 cookies cookie NOUN bracis-28365 347 103 your your PRON bracis-28365 347 104 us us PROPN bracis-28365 348 1 state state NOUN bracis-28365 348 2 privacy privacy NOUN bracis-28365 348 3 rights right NOUN bracis-28365 348 4 accessibility accessibility NOUN bracis-28365 348 5 statement statement NOUN bracis-28365 348 6 terms term NOUN bracis-28365 348 7 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 348 8 conditions condition NOUN bracis-28365 348 9 privacy privacy NOUN bracis-28365 348 10 policy policy NOUN bracis-28365 348 11 help help NOUN bracis-28365 348 12 and and CCONJ bracis-28365 348 13 support support VERB bracis-28365 348 14 legal legal ADJ bracis-28365 348 15 notice notice NOUN bracis-28365 348 16 cancel cancel VERB bracis-28365 348 17 contracts contract NOUN bracis-28365 348 18 here here ADV bracis-28365 348 19 129.74.145.123 129.74.145.123 NUM bracis-28365 348 20 hesburgh hesburgh PROPN bracis-28365 348 21 library library PROPN bracis-28365 348 22 er er INTJ bracis-28365 348 23 unit unit NOUN bracis-28365 348 24 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 348 25 3005732405 3005732405 NUM bracis-28365 348 26 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 348 27 northeast northeast ADJ bracis-28365 348 28 research research NOUN bracis-28365 348 29 libraries library NOUN bracis-28365 348 30 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 348 31 nerl nerl PROPN bracis-28365 348 32 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 348 33 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 348 34 8200828607 8200828607 NUM bracis-28365 348 35 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 348 36 nerl nerl VERB bracis-28365 348 37 ta ta X bracis-28365 348 38 account account NOUN bracis-28365 348 39 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 348 40 3006206169 3006206169 NUM bracis-28365 348 41 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 348 42 university university NOUN bracis-28365 348 43 of of ADP bracis-28365 348 44 notre notre PROPN bracis-28365 348 45 dame dame PROPN bracis-28365 348 46 hesburgh hesburgh PROPN bracis-28365 348 47 library library NOUN bracis-28365 348 48 ( ( PUNCT bracis-28365 348 49 3000184373 3000184373 NUM bracis-28365 348 50 ) ) PUNCT bracis-28365 349 1 © © ADP bracis-28365 349 2 2025 2025 NUM bracis-28365 349 3 springer springer NOUN bracis-28365 349 4 nature nature NOUN