id sid tid token lemma pos bracis-33629 1 1 evaluating evaluate VERB bracis-33629 1 2 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 1 3 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 1 4 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 1 5 in in ADP bracis-33629 1 6     SPACE bracis-33629 1 7 brazilian brazilian ADJ bracis-33629 1 8 portuguese portuguese NOUN bracis-33629 1 9 corpora corpora VERB bracis-33629 1 10 | | CCONJ bracis-33629 1 11 springer springer NOUN bracis-33629 1 12 nature nature PROPN bracis-33629 1 13 link link PROPN bracis-33629 1 14 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 1 15 formerly formerly ADV bracis-33629 1 16 springerlink springerlink NOUN bracis-33629 1 17 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 1 18 skip skip VERB bracis-33629 1 19 to to ADP bracis-33629 1 20 main main ADJ bracis-33629 1 21 content content NOUN bracis-33629 1 22 advertisement advertisement NOUN bracis-33629 1 23 log log NOUN bracis-33629 1 24 in in ADP bracis-33629 1 25 menu menu NOUN bracis-33629 1 26 find find VERB bracis-33629 1 27 a a DET bracis-33629 1 28 journal journal NOUN bracis-33629 1 29 publish publish VERB bracis-33629 1 30 with with ADP bracis-33629 1 31 us we PRON bracis-33629 1 32 track track VERB bracis-33629 1 33 your your PRON bracis-33629 1 34 research research NOUN bracis-33629 1 35 search search NOUN bracis-33629 1 36 cart cart NOUN bracis-33629 1 37 home home NOUN bracis-33629 1 38 intelligent intelligent ADJ bracis-33629 1 39 systems system NOUN bracis-33629 1 40 conference conference NOUN bracis-33629 1 41 paper paper NOUN bracis-33629 1 42 evaluating evaluate VERB bracis-33629 1 43 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 1 44 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 1 45 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 1 46 in in ADP bracis-33629 1 47     SPACE bracis-33629 1 48 brazilian brazilian ADJ bracis-33629 1 49 portuguese portuguese PROPN bracis-33629 1 50 corpora corpora PROPN bracis-33629 1 51 conference conference NOUN bracis-33629 1 52 paper paper NOUN bracis-33629 1 53 first first ADV bracis-33629 1 54 online online ADV bracis-33629 1 55 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 1 56 30 30 NUM bracis-33629 1 57 january january NOUN bracis-33629 1 58 2025 2025 NUM bracis-33629 1 59 pp pp PROPN bracis-33629 1 60 230–244 230–244 NUM bracis-33629 1 61 cite cite VERB bracis-33629 1 62 this this DET bracis-33629 1 63 conference conference NOUN bracis-33629 1 64 paper paper NOUN bracis-33629 1 65 access access NOUN bracis-33629 1 66 provided provide VERB bracis-33629 1 67 by by ADP bracis-33629 1 68 university university PROPN bracis-33629 1 69 of of ADP bracis-33629 1 70 notre notre PROPN bracis-33629 1 71 dame dame PROPN bracis-33629 1 72 hesburgh hesburgh PROPN bracis-33629 1 73 library library PROPN bracis-33629 1 74 download download PROPN bracis-33629 1 75 book book NOUN bracis-33629 1 76 pdf pdf PROPN bracis-33629 1 77 download download NOUN bracis-33629 1 78 book book NOUN bracis-33629 1 79 epub epub PROPN bracis-33629 1 80 intelligent intelligent ADJ bracis-33629 1 81 systems system NOUN bracis-33629 1 82 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 1 83 bracis bracis NOUN bracis-33629 1 84 2024 2024 NUM bracis-33629 1 85 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 1 86 evaluating evaluate VERB bracis-33629 1 87 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 1 88 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 1 89 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 1 90 in in ADP bracis-33629 1 91     SPACE bracis-33629 1 92 brazilian brazilian ADJ bracis-33629 1 93 portuguese portuguese PROPN bracis-33629 1 94 corpora corpora PROPN bracis-33629 1 95 download download PROPN bracis-33629 1 96 book book PROPN bracis-33629 1 97 pdf pdf PROPN bracis-33629 1 98 download download NOUN bracis-33629 1 99 book book PROPN bracis-33629 1 100 epub epub PROPN bracis-33629 1 101 lucas lucas PROPN bracis-33629 1 102 nildaimon nildaimon PROPN bracis-33629 1 103 dos do VERB bracis-33629 1 104 santos santos PROPN bracis-33629 1 105 silva silva PROPN bracis-33629 1 106     SPACE bracis-33629 1 107 orcid orcid NOUN bracis-33629 1 108 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 1 109 orcid.org/0000-0002-5606-94169 orcid.org/0000-0002-5606-94169 PROPN bracis-33629 1 110 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 1 111 diego diego PROPN bracis-33629 1 112 furtado furtado PROPN bracis-33629 1 113 silva silva PROPN bracis-33629 1 114     SPACE bracis-33629 1 115 orcid orcid NOUN bracis-33629 1 116 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 1 117 orcid.org/0000-0002-5184-941310 orcid.org/0000-0002-5184-941310 PROPN bracis-33629 1 118 & & CCONJ bracis-33629 1 119 helena helena PROPN bracis-33629 1 120 de de PROPN bracis-33629 1 121 medeiros medeiros PROPN bracis-33629 1 122 caseli caseli PROPN bracis-33629 1 123     SPACE bracis-33629 1 124 orcid orcid NOUN bracis-33629 1 125 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 1 126 orcid.org/0000-0003-3996-85999 orcid.org/0000-0003-3996-85999 VERB bracis-33629 1 127     SPACE bracis-33629 1 128 part part NOUN bracis-33629 1 129 of of ADP bracis-33629 1 130 the the DET bracis-33629 1 131 book book NOUN bracis-33629 1 132 series series NOUN bracis-33629 1 133 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 1 134 lecture lecture NOUN bracis-33629 1 135 notes note NOUN bracis-33629 1 136 in in ADP bracis-33629 1 137 computer computer NOUN bracis-33629 1 138 science science NOUN bracis-33629 1 139 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 1 140 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 1 141 lnai lnai ADJ bracis-33629 1 142 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 1 143 volume volume NOUN bracis-33629 1 144 15414 15414 NUM bracis-33629 1 145 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 1 146 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 1 147 included include VERB bracis-33629 1 148 in in ADP bracis-33629 1 149 the the DET bracis-33629 1 150 following follow VERB bracis-33629 1 151 conference conference NOUN bracis-33629 1 152 series series NOUN bracis-33629 1 153 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 1 154 brazilian brazilian ADJ bracis-33629 1 155 conference conference NOUN bracis-33629 1 156 on on ADP bracis-33629 1 157 intelligent intelligent ADJ bracis-33629 1 158 systems system NOUN bracis-33629 1 159 398 398 NUM bracis-33629 1 160 accesses access NOUN bracis-33629 1 161 abstract abstract ADV bracis-33629 1 162 this this DET bracis-33629 1 163 paper paper NOUN bracis-33629 1 164 evaluates evaluate NOUN bracis-33629 1 165 sentiment sentiment VERB bracis-33629 1 166 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 1 167 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 1 168 applied apply VERB bracis-33629 1 169 to to ADP bracis-33629 1 170 brazilian brazilian ADJ bracis-33629 1 171 portuguese portuguese PROPN bracis-33629 1 172 corpora corpora PROPN bracis-33629 1 173 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 2 1 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 2 2 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 2 3 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 2 4 distinct distinct ADJ bracis-33629 2 5 from from ADP bracis-33629 2 6 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 2 7 classification classification NOUN bracis-33629 2 8 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 2 9 estimates estimate VERB bracis-33629 2 10 the the DET bracis-33629 2 11 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-33629 2 12 of of ADP bracis-33629 2 13 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 2 14 classes class NOUN bracis-33629 2 15 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 2 16 positive positive ADJ bracis-33629 2 17 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 2 18 negative negative ADJ bracis-33629 2 19 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 2 20 within within ADP bracis-33629 2 21 a a DET bracis-33629 2 22 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-33629 2 23 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 3 1 we we PRON bracis-33629 3 2 investigate investigate VERB bracis-33629 3 3 several several ADJ bracis-33629 3 4 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 3 5 techniques technique NOUN bracis-33629 3 6 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 3 7 including include VERB bracis-33629 3 8 the the DET bracis-33629 3 9 family family NOUN bracis-33629 3 10 classify classify VERB bracis-33629 3 11 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 3 12 count count VERB bracis-33629 3 13 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 3 14 cc cc NOUN bracis-33629 3 15 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 3 16 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 3 17 more more ADV bracis-33629 3 18 sophisticated sophisticated ADJ bracis-33629 3 19 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 3 20 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 3 21 such such ADJ bracis-33629 3 22 as as ADP bracis-33629 3 23 kernel kernel PROPN bracis-33629 3 24 density density PROPN bracis-33629 3 25 estimation estimation PROPN bracis-33629 3 26 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 3 27 kde kde NOUN bracis-33629 3 28 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 3 29 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 3 30 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-33629 3 31 y y PROPN bracis-33629 3 32 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 3 33 similarity similarity NOUN bracis-33629 3 34 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 3 35 dys dys PROPN bracis-33629 3 36 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 3 37 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 4 1 our our PRON bracis-33629 4 2 analysis analysis NOUN bracis-33629 4 3 uses use VERB bracis-33629 4 4 five five NUM bracis-33629 4 5 datasets dataset NOUN bracis-33629 4 6 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 4 7 each each PRON bracis-33629 4 8 containing contain VERB bracis-33629 4 9 different different ADJ bracis-33629 4 10 distributions distribution NOUN bracis-33629 4 11 of of ADP bracis-33629 4 12 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 4 13 classes class NOUN bracis-33629 4 14 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 5 1 our our PRON bracis-33629 5 2 experimental experimental ADJ bracis-33629 5 3 results result NOUN bracis-33629 5 4 indicate indicate VERB bracis-33629 5 5 that that SCONJ bracis-33629 5 6 kde kde NOUN bracis-33629 5 7 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 5 8 dys dys NOUN bracis-33629 5 9 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 5 10 consistently consistently ADV bracis-33629 5 11 outperform outperform VERB bracis-33629 5 12 others other NOUN bracis-33629 5 13 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 5 14 achieving achieve VERB bracis-33629 5 15 the the DET bracis-33629 5 16 best good ADJ bracis-33629 5 17 average average ADJ bracis-33629 5 18 ranks rank NOUN bracis-33629 5 19 in in ADP bracis-33629 5 20 terms term NOUN bracis-33629 5 21 of of ADP bracis-33629 5 22 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 5 23 accuracy accuracy NOUN bracis-33629 5 24 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 6 1 statistical statistical ADJ bracis-33629 6 2 tests test NOUN bracis-33629 6 3 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 6 4 including include VERB bracis-33629 6 5 the the DET bracis-33629 6 6 friedman friedman PROPN bracis-33629 6 7 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 6 8 nemenyi nemenyi PROPN bracis-33629 6 9 tests test NOUN bracis-33629 6 10 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 6 11 confirm confirm VERB bracis-33629 6 12 significant significant ADJ bracis-33629 6 13 performance performance NOUN bracis-33629 6 14 differences difference NOUN bracis-33629 6 15 among among ADP bracis-33629 6 16 the the DET bracis-33629 6 17 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 6 18 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 6 19 with with ADP bracis-33629 6 20 kde kde NOUN bracis-33629 6 21 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 6 22 dys dys NOUN bracis-33629 6 23 showing show VERB bracis-33629 6 24 statistically statistically ADV bracis-33629 6 25 significant significant ADJ bracis-33629 6 26 improvements improvement NOUN bracis-33629 6 27 over over ADP bracis-33629 6 28 the the DET bracis-33629 6 29 baseline baseline NOUN bracis-33629 6 30 cc cc NOUN bracis-33629 6 31 method method NOUN bracis-33629 6 32 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 7 1 these these DET bracis-33629 7 2 findings finding NOUN bracis-33629 7 3 highlight highlight VERB bracis-33629 7 4 the the DET bracis-33629 7 5 importance importance NOUN bracis-33629 7 6 of of ADP bracis-33629 7 7 choosing choose VERB bracis-33629 7 8 robust robust ADJ bracis-33629 7 9 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 7 10 techniques technique NOUN bracis-33629 7 11 for for ADP bracis-33629 7 12 accurate accurate ADJ bracis-33629 7 13 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 7 14 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 7 15 in in ADP bracis-33629 7 16 corpora corpora NOUN bracis-33629 7 17 across across ADP bracis-33629 7 18 different different ADJ bracis-33629 7 19 domains domain NOUN bracis-33629 7 20 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 8 1 access access NOUN bracis-33629 8 2 provided provide VERB bracis-33629 8 3 by by ADP bracis-33629 8 4 university university PROPN bracis-33629 8 5 of of ADP bracis-33629 8 6 notre notre PROPN bracis-33629 8 7 dame dame PROPN bracis-33629 8 8 hesburgh hesburgh PROPN bracis-33629 8 9 library library PROPN bracis-33629 8 10 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 9 1 download download PROPN bracis-33629 9 2 conference conference NOUN bracis-33629 9 3 paper paper NOUN bracis-33629 9 4 pdf pdf NOUN bracis-33629 9 5 similar similar ADJ bracis-33629 9 6 content content NOUN bracis-33629 9 7 being be AUX bracis-33629 9 8 viewed view VERB bracis-33629 9 9 by by ADP bracis-33629 9 10 others other NOUN bracis-33629 9 11 evaluating evaluate VERB bracis-33629 9 12 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 9 13 of of ADP bracis-33629 9 14 different different ADJ bracis-33629 9 15 paradigms paradigm NOUN bracis-33629 9 16 for for ADP bracis-33629 9 17 subjectivity subjectivity NOUN bracis-33629 9 18 classification classification NOUN bracis-33629 9 19 in in ADP bracis-33629 9 20 portuguese portuguese ADJ bracis-33629 9 21 chapter chapter NOUN bracis-33629 9 22 © © PROPN bracis-33629 9 23 2020 2020 NUM bracis-33629 9 24 ss ss NOUN bracis-33629 9 25 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 9 26 pt pt NOUN bracis-33629 9 27 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 9 28 a a DET bracis-33629 9 29 stance stance NOUN bracis-33629 9 30 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 9 31 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 9 32 data datum NOUN bracis-33629 9 33 set set VERB bracis-33629 9 34 from from ADP bracis-33629 9 35 portuguese portuguese ADJ bracis-33629 9 36 quoted quote VERB bracis-33629 9 37 tweets tweet NOUN bracis-33629 9 38 chapter chapter NOUN bracis-33629 9 39 © © PROPN bracis-33629 9 40 2022 2022 NUM bracis-33629 9 41 an an DET bracis-33629 9 42 exploratory exploratory ADJ bracis-33629 9 43 analysis analysis NOUN bracis-33629 9 44 on on ADP bracis-33629 9 45 a a DET bracis-33629 9 46 disinformation disinformation NOUN bracis-33629 9 47 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-33629 9 48 chapter chapter NOUN bracis-33629 9 49 © © NOUN bracis-33629 9 50 2021 2021 NUM bracis-33629 9 51 1 1 NUM bracis-33629 9 52 introduction introduction NOUN bracis-33629 9 53 understanding understand VERB bracis-33629 9 54 the the DET bracis-33629 9 55 overall overall ADJ bracis-33629 9 56 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 9 57 toward toward ADP bracis-33629 9 58 an an DET bracis-33629 9 59 entity entity NOUN bracis-33629 9 60 is be AUX bracis-33629 9 61 crucial crucial ADJ bracis-33629 9 62 for for ADP bracis-33629 9 63 businesses business NOUN bracis-33629 9 64 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 9 65 governments government NOUN bracis-33629 9 66 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 9 67 public public ADJ bracis-33629 9 68 figures figure NOUN bracis-33629 9 69 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 9 70 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 9 71 organizations organization NOUN bracis-33629 9 72 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 10 1 in in ADP bracis-33629 10 2 today today NOUN bracis-33629 10 3 ’s ’s PART bracis-33629 10 4 data data NOUN bracis-33629 10 5 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 10 6 driven drive VERB bracis-33629 10 7 world world NOUN bracis-33629 10 8 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 10 9 accurately accurately ADV bracis-33629 10 10 gauging gauge VERB bracis-33629 10 11 public public ADJ bracis-33629 10 12 opinion opinion NOUN bracis-33629 10 13 helps help VERB bracis-33629 10 14 make make VERB bracis-33629 10 15 informed informed ADJ bracis-33629 10 16 decisions decision NOUN bracis-33629 10 17 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 10 18 plan plan VERB bracis-33629 10 19 strategic strategic ADJ bracis-33629 10 20 actions action NOUN bracis-33629 10 21 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 10 22 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 10 23 improve improve VERB bracis-33629 10 24 public public ADJ bracis-33629 10 25 relations relation NOUN bracis-33629 10 26 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 11 1 with with ADP bracis-33629 11 2 the the DET bracis-33629 11 3 vast vast ADJ bracis-33629 11 4 amount amount NOUN bracis-33629 11 5 of of ADP bracis-33629 11 6 data datum NOUN bracis-33629 11 7 generated generate VERB bracis-33629 11 8 from from ADP bracis-33629 11 9 social social ADJ bracis-33629 11 10 media medium NOUN bracis-33629 11 11 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 11 12 reviews review NOUN bracis-33629 11 13 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 11 14 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 11 15 other other ADJ bracis-33629 11 16 digital digital ADJ bracis-33629 11 17 platforms platform NOUN bracis-33629 11 18 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 11 19 quantifying quantify VERB bracis-33629 11 20 sentiments sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 11 21 has have AUX bracis-33629 11 22 become become VERB bracis-33629 11 23 essential essential ADJ bracis-33629 11 24 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 12 1 effective effective ADJ bracis-33629 12 2 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 12 3 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 12 4 allows allow VERB bracis-33629 12 5 for for ADP bracis-33629 12 6 the the DET bracis-33629 12 7 evaluation evaluation NOUN bracis-33629 12 8 of of ADP bracis-33629 12 9 overall overall ADJ bracis-33629 12 10 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 12 11 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 12 12 identification identification NOUN bracis-33629 12 13 of of ADP bracis-33629 12 14 trends trend NOUN bracis-33629 12 15 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 12 16 monitoring monitoring NOUN bracis-33629 12 17 of of ADP bracis-33629 12 18 changes change NOUN bracis-33629 12 19 in in ADP bracis-33629 12 20 public public ADJ bracis-33629 12 21 perception perception NOUN bracis-33629 12 22 over over ADP bracis-33629 12 23 time time NOUN bracis-33629 12 24 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 12 25 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 12 26 proactive proactive ADJ bracis-33629 12 27 response response NOUN bracis-33629 12 28 to to ADP bracis-33629 12 29 potential potential ADJ bracis-33629 12 30 issues issue NOUN bracis-33629 12 31 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 13 1 knowing know VERB bracis-33629 13 2 the the DET bracis-33629 13 3 public public NOUN bracis-33629 13 4 ’s ’s PART bracis-33629 13 5 opinion opinion NOUN bracis-33629 13 6 in in ADP bracis-33629 13 7 summary summary NOUN bracis-33629 13 8 form form NOUN bracis-33629 13 9 enhances enhance VERB bracis-33629 13 10 the the DET bracis-33629 13 11 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN bracis-33629 13 12 of of ADP bracis-33629 13 13 these these DET bracis-33629 13 14 actions action NOUN bracis-33629 13 15 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 13 16 as as ADP bracis-33629 13 17 analyzing analyze VERB bracis-33629 13 18 each each DET bracis-33629 13 19 individual individual ADJ bracis-33629 13 20 opinion opinion NOUN bracis-33629 13 21 or or CCONJ bracis-33629 13 22 comment comment NOUN bracis-33629 13 23 is be AUX bracis-33629 13 24 often often ADV bracis-33629 13 25 impractical impractical ADJ bracis-33629 13 26 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 13 27 inefficient inefficient ADJ bracis-33629 13 28 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 14 1 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 14 2 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 14 3 consists consist VERB bracis-33629 14 4 of of ADP bracis-33629 14 5 estimating estimate VERB bracis-33629 14 6 the the DET bracis-33629 14 7 relative relative ADJ bracis-33629 14 8 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 14 9 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 14 10 or or CCONJ bracis-33629 14 11 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-33629 14 12 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 14 13 of of ADP bracis-33629 14 14 different different ADJ bracis-33629 14 15 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 14 16 classes class NOUN bracis-33629 14 17 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 14 18 such such ADJ bracis-33629 14 19 as as ADP bracis-33629 14 20 positive positive ADJ bracis-33629 14 21 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 14 22 neutral neutral ADJ bracis-33629 14 23 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 14 24 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 14 25 negative negative ADJ bracis-33629 14 26 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 14 27 within within ADP bracis-33629 14 28 a a DET bracis-33629 14 29 sample sample NOUN bracis-33629 14 30 of of ADP bracis-33629 14 31 unlabeled unlabeled ADJ bracis-33629 14 32 texts text NOUN bracis-33629 14 33 [ [ X bracis-33629 14 34 8 8 NUM bracis-33629 14 35 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 14 36 22 22 NUM bracis-33629 14 37 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 14 38 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 15 1 the the DET bracis-33629 15 2 usual usual ADJ bracis-33629 15 3 procedure procedure NOUN bracis-33629 15 4 for for ADP bracis-33629 15 5 quantifying quantify VERB bracis-33629 15 6 the the DET bracis-33629 15 7 classes class NOUN bracis-33629 15 8 of of ADP bracis-33629 15 9 a a DET bracis-33629 15 10 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-33629 15 11 relies rely VERB bracis-33629 15 12 on on ADP bracis-33629 15 13 adjusting adjust VERB bracis-33629 15 14 the the DET bracis-33629 15 15 predictions prediction NOUN bracis-33629 15 16 made make VERB bracis-33629 15 17 by by ADP bracis-33629 15 18 a a DET bracis-33629 15 19 model model NOUN bracis-33629 15 20 induced induce VERB bracis-33629 15 21 by by ADP bracis-33629 15 22 supervised supervised ADJ bracis-33629 15 23 learning learning NOUN bracis-33629 15 24 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 16 1 in in ADP bracis-33629 16 2 contrast contrast NOUN bracis-33629 16 3 to to ADP bracis-33629 16 4 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 16 5 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 16 6 polarity polarity NOUN bracis-33629 16 7 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 16 8 classification classification NOUN bracis-33629 16 9 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 16 10 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 16 11 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 16 12 seeks seek VERB bracis-33629 16 13 to to PART bracis-33629 16 14 understand understand VERB bracis-33629 16 15 the the DET bracis-33629 16 16 overall overall ADJ bracis-33629 16 17 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-33629 16 18 of of ADP bracis-33629 16 19 sentiments sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 16 20 within within ADP bracis-33629 16 21 a a DET bracis-33629 16 22 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-33629 16 23 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 17 1 classification classification NOUN bracis-33629 17 2 focuses focus VERB bracis-33629 17 3 on on ADP bracis-33629 17 4 item item NOUN bracis-33629 17 5 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 17 6 level level NOUN bracis-33629 17 7 analysis analysis NOUN bracis-33629 17 8 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 17 9 while while SCONJ bracis-33629 17 10 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 17 11 provides provide VERB bracis-33629 17 12 an an DET bracis-33629 17 13 overview overview NOUN bracis-33629 17 14 of of ADP bracis-33629 17 15 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 17 16 trends trend NOUN bracis-33629 17 17 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 18 1 for for ADP bracis-33629 18 2 instance instance NOUN bracis-33629 18 3 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 18 4 as as SCONJ bracis-33629 18 5 illustrated illustrate VERB bracis-33629 18 6 in in ADP bracis-33629 18 7 fig fig NOUN bracis-33629 18 8 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 18 9     SPACE bracis-33629 18 10 1 1 NUM bracis-33629 18 11 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 18 12 instead instead ADV bracis-33629 18 13 of of ADP bracis-33629 18 14 identifying identify VERB bracis-33629 18 15 each each DET bracis-33629 18 16 product product NOUN bracis-33629 18 17 review review NOUN bracis-33629 18 18 as as ADP bracis-33629 18 19 positive positive ADJ bracis-33629 18 20 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 18 21 negative negative ADJ bracis-33629 18 22 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 18 23 or or CCONJ bracis-33629 18 24 neutral neutral ADJ bracis-33629 18 25 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 18 26 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 18 27 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 18 28 aims aim VERB bracis-33629 18 29 to to PART bracis-33629 18 30 estimate estimate VERB bracis-33629 18 31 the the DET bracis-33629 18 32 rate rate NOUN bracis-33629 18 33 of of ADP bracis-33629 18 34 reviews review NOUN bracis-33629 18 35 that that PRON bracis-33629 18 36 fall fall VERB bracis-33629 18 37 into into ADP bracis-33629 18 38 each each DET bracis-33629 18 39 class class NOUN bracis-33629 18 40 within within ADP bracis-33629 18 41 the the DET bracis-33629 18 42 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-33629 18 43 using use VERB bracis-33629 18 44 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 18 45 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 18 46 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 19 1 fig fig NOUN bracis-33629 19 2 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 20 1 1 1 X bracis-33629 20 2 . . X bracis-33629 20 3 illustration illustration NOUN bracis-33629 20 4 of of ADP bracis-33629 20 5 a a DET bracis-33629 20 6 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 20 7 task task NOUN bracis-33629 20 8 versus versus ADP bracis-33629 20 9 a a DET bracis-33629 20 10 classification classification NOUN bracis-33629 20 11 task task NOUN bracis-33629 20 12 with with ADP bracis-33629 20 13 two two NUM bracis-33629 20 14 classes class NOUN bracis-33629 20 15 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 21 1 full full ADJ bracis-33629 21 2 size size NOUN bracis-33629 21 3 image image NOUN bracis-33629 21 4 this this DET bracis-33629 21 5 distinction distinction NOUN bracis-33629 21 6 is be AUX bracis-33629 21 7 fundamental fundamental ADJ bracis-33629 21 8 for for ADP bracis-33629 21 9 applications application NOUN bracis-33629 21 10 where where SCONJ bracis-33629 21 11 the the DET bracis-33629 21 12 overall overall ADJ bracis-33629 21 13 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 21 14 share share NOUN bracis-33629 21 15 is be AUX bracis-33629 21 16 more more ADV bracis-33629 21 17 informative informative ADJ bracis-33629 21 18 than than ADP bracis-33629 21 19 the the DET bracis-33629 21 20 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 21 21 of of ADP bracis-33629 21 22 specific specific ADJ bracis-33629 21 23 instances instance NOUN bracis-33629 21 24 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 21 25 such such ADJ bracis-33629 21 26 as as ADP bracis-33629 21 27 in in ADP bracis-33629 21 28 market market NOUN bracis-33629 21 29 analysis analysis NOUN bracis-33629 21 30 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 21 31 political political ADJ bracis-33629 21 32 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 21 33 monitoring monitoring NOUN bracis-33629 21 34 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 21 35 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 21 36 large large ADJ bracis-33629 21 37 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 21 38 scale scale NOUN bracis-33629 21 39 customer customer NOUN bracis-33629 21 40 feedback feedback NOUN bracis-33629 21 41 analysis analysis NOUN bracis-33629 21 42 [ [ X bracis-33629 21 43 5 5 NUM bracis-33629 21 44 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 21 45 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 22 1 the the DET bracis-33629 22 2 most most ADV bracis-33629 22 3 straightforward straightforward ADJ bracis-33629 22 4 approach approach NOUN bracis-33629 22 5 to to ADP bracis-33629 22 6 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 22 7 is be AUX bracis-33629 22 8 the the DET bracis-33629 22 9 classify classify NOUN bracis-33629 22 10 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 22 11 count count VERB bracis-33629 22 12 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 22 13 cc cc NOUN bracis-33629 22 14 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 22 15 strategy strategy NOUN bracis-33629 23 1 [ [ X bracis-33629 23 2 10 10 NUM bracis-33629 23 3 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 23 4 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 23 5 which which PRON bracis-33629 23 6 involves involve VERB bracis-33629 23 7 training train VERB bracis-33629 23 8 a a DET bracis-33629 23 9 classifier classifier NOUN bracis-33629 23 10 to to PART bracis-33629 23 11 label label VERB bracis-33629 23 12 each each DET bracis-33629 23 13 instance instance NOUN bracis-33629 23 14 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 23 15 then then ADV bracis-33629 23 16 counting count VERB bracis-33629 23 17 these these DET bracis-33629 23 18 labels label NOUN bracis-33629 23 19 to to PART bracis-33629 23 20 estimate estimate VERB bracis-33629 23 21 class class NOUN bracis-33629 23 22 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 23 23 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 24 1 however however ADV bracis-33629 24 2 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 24 3 most most ADJ bracis-33629 24 4 classifiers classifier NOUN bracis-33629 24 5 based base VERB bracis-33629 24 6 on on ADP bracis-33629 24 7 supervised supervised ADJ bracis-33629 24 8 learning learning NOUN bracis-33629 24 9 assume assume VERB bracis-33629 24 10 that that SCONJ bracis-33629 24 11 the the DET bracis-33629 24 12 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-33629 24 13 of of ADP bracis-33629 24 14 the the DET bracis-33629 24 15 classes class NOUN bracis-33629 24 16 in in ADP bracis-33629 24 17 the the DET bracis-33629 24 18 training training NOUN bracis-33629 24 19 set set NOUN bracis-33629 24 20 is be AUX bracis-33629 24 21 identical identical ADJ bracis-33629 24 22 to to ADP bracis-33629 24 23 that that PRON bracis-33629 24 24 in in ADP bracis-33629 24 25 the the DET bracis-33629 24 26 test test NOUN bracis-33629 24 27 set set NOUN bracis-33629 24 28 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 24 29 an an DET bracis-33629 24 30 assumption assumption NOUN bracis-33629 24 31 known know VERB bracis-33629 24 32 as as ADP bracis-33629 24 33 the the DET bracis-33629 24 34 independent independent ADJ bracis-33629 24 35 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 24 36 identically identically ADV bracis-33629 24 37 distributed distribute VERB bracis-33629 24 38 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 24 39 iid iid NOUN bracis-33629 24 40 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 24 41 assumption assumption NOUN bracis-33629 25 1 [ [ X bracis-33629 25 2 21 21 NUM bracis-33629 25 3 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 25 4 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 26 1 in in ADP bracis-33629 26 2 real real ADJ bracis-33629 26 3 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 26 4 world world NOUN bracis-33629 26 5 scenarios scenario NOUN bracis-33629 26 6 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 26 7 however however ADV bracis-33629 26 8 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 26 9 this this DET bracis-33629 26 10 assumption assumption NOUN bracis-33629 26 11 often often ADV bracis-33629 26 12 does do AUX bracis-33629 26 13 not not PART bracis-33629 26 14 hold hold VERB bracis-33629 26 15 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 26 16 leading lead VERB bracis-33629 26 17 cc cc VERB bracis-33629 26 18 to to ADP bracis-33629 26 19 inaccurate inaccurate ADJ bracis-33629 26 20 estimations estimation NOUN bracis-33629 26 21 of of ADP bracis-33629 26 22 class class NOUN bracis-33629 26 23 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 26 24 when when SCONJ bracis-33629 26 25 there there PRON bracis-33629 26 26 are be VERB bracis-33629 26 27 shifts shift NOUN bracis-33629 26 28 in in ADP bracis-33629 26 29 data datum NOUN bracis-33629 26 30 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-33629 26 31 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 26 32 also also ADV bracis-33629 26 33 known know VERB bracis-33629 26 34 as as ADP bracis-33629 26 35 prior prior ADJ bracis-33629 26 36 probability probability NOUN bracis-33629 26 37 shifts shift NOUN bracis-33629 26 38 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 27 1 thus thus ADV bracis-33629 27 2 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 27 3 there there PRON bracis-33629 27 4 are be VERB bracis-33629 27 5 significant significant ADJ bracis-33629 27 6 biases bias NOUN bracis-33629 27 7 in in ADP bracis-33629 27 8 class class NOUN bracis-33629 27 9 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 27 10 estimation estimation NOUN bracis-33629 27 11 when when SCONJ bracis-33629 27 12 using use VERB bracis-33629 27 13 the the DET bracis-33629 27 14 cc cc NOUN bracis-33629 27 15 strategy strategy NOUN bracis-33629 27 16 [ [ X bracis-33629 27 17 19 19 NUM bracis-33629 27 18 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 27 19 22 22 NUM bracis-33629 27 20 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 27 21 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 28 1 these these DET bracis-33629 28 2 limitations limitation NOUN bracis-33629 28 3 of of ADP bracis-33629 28 4 the the DET bracis-33629 28 5 cc cc PROPN bracis-33629 28 6 strategy strategy NOUN bracis-33629 28 7 have have AUX bracis-33629 28 8 led lead VERB bracis-33629 28 9 to to ADP bracis-33629 28 10 the the DET bracis-33629 28 11 development development NOUN bracis-33629 28 12 of of ADP bracis-33629 28 13 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 28 14 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 28 15 that that PRON bracis-33629 28 16 consider consider VERB bracis-33629 28 17 prior prior ADJ bracis-33629 28 18 probability probability NOUN bracis-33629 28 19 shifts shift NOUN bracis-33629 28 20 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 28 21 such such ADJ bracis-33629 28 22 as as ADP bracis-33629 28 23 adjusted adjust VERB bracis-33629 28 24 classify classify NOUN bracis-33629 28 25 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 28 26 count count NOUN bracis-33629 28 27 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 28 28 saerens saeren NOUN bracis-33629 28 29 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 28 30 latinne latinne NOUN bracis-33629 28 31 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 28 32 decaestecker decaestecker NOUN bracis-33629 28 33 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 28 34 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 28 35 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 28 36 based base VERB bracis-33629 28 37 on on ADP bracis-33629 28 38 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-33629 28 39 matching matching NOUN bracis-33629 28 40 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 28 41 which which PRON bracis-33629 28 42 are be AUX bracis-33629 28 43 investigated investigate VERB bracis-33629 28 44 in in ADP bracis-33629 28 45 this this DET bracis-33629 28 46 article article NOUN bracis-33629 28 47 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 29 1 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 29 2 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 29 3 are be AUX bracis-33629 29 4 important important ADJ bracis-33629 29 5 because because SCONJ bracis-33629 29 6 they they PRON bracis-33629 29 7 address address VERB bracis-33629 29 8 the the DET bracis-33629 29 9 limitations limitation NOUN bracis-33629 29 10 of of ADP bracis-33629 29 11 traditional traditional ADJ bracis-33629 29 12 classification classification NOUN bracis-33629 29 13 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 29 14 when when SCONJ bracis-33629 29 15 dealing deal VERB bracis-33629 29 16 with with ADP bracis-33629 29 17 changes change NOUN bracis-33629 29 18 in in ADP bracis-33629 29 19 data datum NOUN bracis-33629 29 20 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-33629 29 21 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 29 22 such such ADJ bracis-33629 29 23 as as ADP bracis-33629 29 24 class class NOUN bracis-33629 29 25 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-33629 29 26 shifts shift NOUN bracis-33629 29 27 [ [ X bracis-33629 29 28 5 5 NUM bracis-33629 29 29 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 29 30 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 30 1 in in ADP bracis-33629 30 2 many many ADJ bracis-33629 30 3 real real ADJ bracis-33629 30 4 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 30 5 world world NOUN bracis-33629 30 6 applications application NOUN bracis-33629 30 7 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 30 8 the the DET bracis-33629 30 9 class class NOUN bracis-33629 30 10 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-33629 30 11 in in ADP bracis-33629 30 12 training training NOUN bracis-33629 30 13 data datum NOUN bracis-33629 30 14 may may AUX bracis-33629 30 15 not not PART bracis-33629 30 16 accurately accurately ADV bracis-33629 30 17 reflect reflect VERB bracis-33629 30 18 the the DET bracis-33629 30 19 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-33629 30 20 in in ADP bracis-33629 30 21 unlabeled unlabeled ADJ bracis-33629 30 22 data datum NOUN bracis-33629 30 23 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 31 1 by by ADP bracis-33629 31 2 focusing focus VERB bracis-33629 31 3 on on ADP bracis-33629 31 4 estimating estimate VERB bracis-33629 31 5 class class NOUN bracis-33629 31 6 distributions distribution NOUN bracis-33629 31 7 rather rather ADV bracis-33629 31 8 than than ADP bracis-33629 31 9 classifying classify VERB bracis-33629 31 10 individual individual ADJ bracis-33629 31 11 instances instance NOUN bracis-33629 31 12 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 31 13 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 31 14 provides provide VERB bracis-33629 31 15 a a DET bracis-33629 31 16 more more ADV bracis-33629 31 17 robust robust ADJ bracis-33629 31 18 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 31 19 accurate accurate ADJ bracis-33629 31 20 approach approach NOUN bracis-33629 31 21 to to ADP bracis-33629 31 22 data datum NOUN bracis-33629 31 23 analysis analysis NOUN bracis-33629 31 24 in in ADP bracis-33629 31 25 scenarios scenario NOUN bracis-33629 31 26 characterized characterize VERB bracis-33629 31 27 by by ADP bracis-33629 31 28 distributional distributional ADJ bracis-33629 31 29 shifts shift NOUN bracis-33629 31 30 [ [ X bracis-33629 31 31 12 12 NUM bracis-33629 31 32 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 31 33 22 22 NUM bracis-33629 31 34 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 31 35 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 32 1 this this DET bracis-33629 32 2 work work NOUN bracis-33629 32 3 presents present VERB bracis-33629 32 4 a a DET bracis-33629 32 5 comparative comparative ADJ bracis-33629 32 6 evaluation evaluation NOUN bracis-33629 32 7 of of ADP bracis-33629 32 8 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 32 9 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 32 10 in in ADP bracis-33629 32 11 the the DET bracis-33629 32 12 context context NOUN bracis-33629 32 13 of of ADP bracis-33629 32 14 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 32 15 analysis analysis NOUN bracis-33629 32 16 in in ADP bracis-33629 32 17 brazilian brazilian ADJ bracis-33629 32 18 portuguese portuguese ADJ bracis-33629 32 19 texts text NOUN bracis-33629 32 20 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 33 1 our our PRON bracis-33629 33 2 objective objective NOUN bracis-33629 33 3 is be AUX bracis-33629 33 4 to to PART bracis-33629 33 5 investigate investigate VERB bracis-33629 33 6 the the DET bracis-33629 33 7 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN bracis-33629 33 8 of of ADP bracis-33629 33 9 various various ADJ bracis-33629 33 10 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 33 11 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 33 12 in in ADP bracis-33629 33 13 estimating estimate VERB bracis-33629 33 14 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 33 15 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-33629 33 16 across across ADP bracis-33629 33 17 different different ADJ bracis-33629 33 18 datasets dataset NOUN bracis-33629 33 19 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 33 20 including include VERB bracis-33629 33 21 tweets tweet NOUN bracis-33629 33 22 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 33 23 product product NOUN bracis-33629 33 24 reviews review NOUN bracis-33629 33 25 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 34 1 the the DET bracis-33629 34 2 main main ADJ bracis-33629 34 3 contributions contribution NOUN bracis-33629 34 4 of of ADP bracis-33629 34 5 our our PRON bracis-33629 34 6 work work NOUN bracis-33629 34 7 are be AUX bracis-33629 34 8 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 34 9 we we PRON bracis-33629 34 10 provide provide VERB bracis-33629 34 11 a a DET bracis-33629 34 12 comparative comparative ADJ bracis-33629 34 13 evaluation evaluation NOUN bracis-33629 34 14 of of ADP bracis-33629 34 15 11 11 NUM bracis-33629 34 16 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 34 17 algorithms algorithm NOUN bracis-33629 34 18 in in ADP bracis-33629 34 19 the the DET bracis-33629 34 20 context context NOUN bracis-33629 34 21 of of ADP bracis-33629 34 22 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 34 23 analysis analysis NOUN bracis-33629 34 24 in in ADP bracis-33629 34 25 brazilian brazilian ADJ bracis-33629 34 26 portuguese portuguese ADJ bracis-33629 34 27 texts text NOUN bracis-33629 34 28 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 34 29 covering cover VERB bracis-33629 34 30 diverse diverse ADJ bracis-33629 34 31 datasets dataset NOUN bracis-33629 34 32 including include VERB bracis-33629 34 33 tweets tweet NOUN bracis-33629 34 34 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 34 35 product product NOUN bracis-33629 34 36 reviews review NOUN bracis-33629 34 37 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 35 1 we we PRON bracis-33629 35 2 systematically systematically ADV bracis-33629 35 3 investigate investigate VERB bracis-33629 35 4 the the DET bracis-33629 35 5 robustness robustness NOUN bracis-33629 35 6 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 35 7 performance performance NOUN bracis-33629 35 8 of of ADP bracis-33629 35 9 these these DET bracis-33629 35 10 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 35 11 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 35 12 under under ADP bracis-33629 35 13 varying vary VERB bracis-33629 35 14 test test NOUN bracis-33629 35 15 sizes size NOUN bracis-33629 35 16 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 35 17 degrees degree NOUN bracis-33629 35 18 of of ADP bracis-33629 35 19 shift shift NOUN bracis-33629 35 20 in in ADP bracis-33629 35 21 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 35 22 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 35 23 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 36 1 we we PRON bracis-33629 36 2 offer offer VERB bracis-33629 36 3 insights insight NOUN bracis-33629 36 4 into into ADP bracis-33629 36 5 the the DET bracis-33629 36 6 strengths strength NOUN bracis-33629 36 7 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 36 8 weaknesses weakness NOUN bracis-33629 36 9 of of ADP bracis-33629 36 10 different different ADJ bracis-33629 36 11 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 36 12 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 36 13 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 36 14 particularly particularly ADV bracis-33629 36 15 highlighting highlight VERB bracis-33629 36 16 their their PRON bracis-33629 36 17 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN bracis-33629 36 18 in in ADP bracis-33629 36 19 addressing address VERB bracis-33629 36 20 prior prior ADJ bracis-33629 36 21 probability probability NOUN bracis-33629 36 22 shifts shift NOUN bracis-33629 36 23 in in ADP bracis-33629 36 24 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 36 25 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 36 26 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 37 1 2 2 NUM bracis-33629 37 2 related relate VERB bracis-33629 37 3 works work VERB bracis-33629 37 4 the the DET bracis-33629 37 5 related relate VERB bracis-33629 37 6 works work NOUN bracis-33629 37 7 about about ADP bracis-33629 37 8 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 37 9 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 37 10 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 37 11 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-33629 37 12 shift shift NOUN bracis-33629 37 13 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 37 14 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 37 15 their their PRON bracis-33629 37 16 applications application NOUN bracis-33629 37 17 cover cover VERB bracis-33629 37 18 various various ADJ bracis-33629 37 19 aspects aspect NOUN bracis-33629 37 20 of of ADP bracis-33629 37 21 these these DET bracis-33629 37 22 topics topic NOUN bracis-33629 37 23 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 37 24 including include VERB bracis-33629 37 25 proposals proposal NOUN bracis-33629 37 26 of of ADP bracis-33629 37 27 algorithms algorithm NOUN bracis-33629 37 28 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 37 29 definition definition NOUN bracis-33629 37 30 of of ADP bracis-33629 37 31 experimental experimental ADJ bracis-33629 37 32 setups setup NOUN bracis-33629 37 33 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 37 34 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 37 35 evaluation evaluation NOUN bracis-33629 37 36 methodologies methodology NOUN bracis-33629 37 37 [ [ X bracis-33629 37 38 4 4 NUM bracis-33629 37 39 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 37 40 8,9,10,11,12 8,9,10,11,12 NUM bracis-33629 37 41 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 37 42 16 16 NUM bracis-33629 37 43 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 37 44 17 17 NUM bracis-33629 37 45 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 37 46 21 21 NUM bracis-33629 37 47 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 37 48 22 22 NUM bracis-33629 37 49 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 37 50 26 26 NUM bracis-33629 37 51 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 37 52 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 38 1 this this DET bracis-33629 38 2 section section NOUN bracis-33629 38 3 reviews review VERB bracis-33629 38 4 significant significant ADJ bracis-33629 38 5 contributions contribution NOUN bracis-33629 38 6 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 38 7 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 38 8 from from ADP bracis-33629 38 9 several several ADJ bracis-33629 38 10 key key ADJ bracis-33629 38 11 studies study NOUN bracis-33629 38 12 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 39 1 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 39 2 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 39 3 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 39 4 sq sq ADJ bracis-33629 39 5 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 39 6 was be AUX bracis-33629 39 7 initially initially ADV bracis-33629 39 8 introduced introduce VERB bracis-33629 39 9 by by ADP bracis-33629 39 10 [ [ X bracis-33629 39 11 8 8 NUM bracis-33629 39 12 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 39 13 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 40 1 the the DET bracis-33629 40 2 authors author NOUN bracis-33629 40 3 criticized criticize VERB bracis-33629 40 4 the the DET bracis-33629 40 5 oversight oversight NOUN bracis-33629 40 6 in in ADP bracis-33629 40 7 deciding decide VERB bracis-33629 40 8 whether whether SCONJ bracis-33629 40 9 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 40 10 analysis analysis NOUN bracis-33629 40 11 of of ADP bracis-33629 40 12 large large ADJ bracis-33629 40 13 text text NOUN bracis-33629 40 14 collections collection NOUN bracis-33629 40 15 should should AUX bracis-33629 40 16 focus focus VERB bracis-33629 40 17 on on ADP bracis-33629 40 18 individual individual ADJ bracis-33629 40 19 or or CCONJ bracis-33629 40 20 aggregate aggregate ADJ bracis-33629 40 21 levels level NOUN bracis-33629 40 22 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 41 1 they they PRON bracis-33629 41 2 also also ADV bracis-33629 41 3 emphasize emphasize VERB bracis-33629 41 4 the the DET bracis-33629 41 5 significance significance NOUN bracis-33629 41 6 of of ADP bracis-33629 41 7 distinguishing distinguish VERB bracis-33629 41 8 between between ADP bracis-33629 41 9 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 41 10 classification classification NOUN bracis-33629 41 11 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 41 12 sq sq NOUN bracis-33629 41 13 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 41 14 recognizing recognize VERB bracis-33629 41 15 them they PRON bracis-33629 41 16 as as ADP bracis-33629 41 17 two two NUM bracis-33629 41 18 separate separate ADJ bracis-33629 41 19 applications application NOUN bracis-33629 41 20 with with ADP bracis-33629 41 21 distinctive distinctive ADJ bracis-33629 41 22 characteristics characteristic NOUN bracis-33629 41 23 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 42 1 as as ADP bracis-33629 42 2 a a DET bracis-33629 42 3 consequence consequence NOUN bracis-33629 42 4 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 42 5 each each PRON bracis-33629 42 6 of of ADP bracis-33629 42 7 these these DET bracis-33629 42 8 tasks task NOUN bracis-33629 42 9 requires require VERB bracis-33629 42 10 specific specific ADJ bracis-33629 42 11 approaches approach NOUN bracis-33629 42 12 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 43 1 the the DET bracis-33629 43 2 authors author NOUN bracis-33629 43 3 claim claim VERB bracis-33629 43 4 that that SCONJ bracis-33629 43 5 assuming assume VERB bracis-33629 43 6 an an DET bracis-33629 43 7 improvement improvement NOUN bracis-33629 43 8 in in ADP bracis-33629 43 9 a a DET bracis-33629 43 10 classifier classifier NOUN bracis-33629 43 11 ’s ’s PART bracis-33629 43 12 accuracy accuracy NOUN bracis-33629 43 13 at at ADP bracis-33629 43 14 the the DET bracis-33629 43 15 individual individual ADJ bracis-33629 43 16 level level NOUN bracis-33629 43 17 would would AUX bracis-33629 43 18 necessarily necessarily ADV bracis-33629 43 19 lead lead VERB bracis-33629 43 20 to to ADP bracis-33629 43 21 higher high ADJ bracis-33629 43 22 accuracy accuracy NOUN bracis-33629 43 23 at at ADP bracis-33629 43 24 the the DET bracis-33629 43 25 aggregate aggregate ADJ bracis-33629 43 26 level level NOUN bracis-33629 43 27 is be AUX bracis-33629 43 28 not not PART bracis-33629 43 29 valid valid ADJ bracis-33629 43 30 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 44 1 they they PRON bracis-33629 44 2 illustrate illustrate VERB bracis-33629 44 3 this this DET bracis-33629 44 4 point point NOUN bracis-33629 44 5 by by ADP bracis-33629 44 6 highlighting highlight VERB bracis-33629 44 7 how how SCONJ bracis-33629 44 8 the the DET bracis-33629 44 9 f1 f1 PROPN bracis-33629 44 10 score score NOUN bracis-33629 44 11 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 44 12 a a DET bracis-33629 44 13 widely widely ADV bracis-33629 44 14 used use VERB bracis-33629 44 15 measure measure NOUN bracis-33629 44 16 for for ADP bracis-33629 44 17 classification classification NOUN bracis-33629 44 18 evaluation evaluation NOUN bracis-33629 44 19 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 44 20 can can AUX bracis-33629 44 21 be be AUX bracis-33629 44 22 misleading misleading ADJ bracis-33629 44 23 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 45 1 while while SCONJ bracis-33629 45 2 a a DET bracis-33629 45 3 model model NOUN bracis-33629 45 4 might might AUX bracis-33629 45 5 achieve achieve VERB bracis-33629 45 6 a a DET bracis-33629 45 7 superior superior ADJ bracis-33629 45 8 f1 f1 NOUN bracis-33629 45 9 score score NOUN bracis-33629 45 10 compared compare VERB bracis-33629 45 11 to to ADP bracis-33629 45 12 another another DET bracis-33629 45 13 classifier classifier NOUN bracis-33629 45 14 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 45 15 it it PRON bracis-33629 45 16 could could AUX bracis-33629 45 17 achieve achieve VERB bracis-33629 45 18 inferior inferior ADJ bracis-33629 45 19 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 45 20 performance performance NOUN bracis-33629 45 21 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 46 1 to to PART bracis-33629 46 2 illustrate illustrate VERB bracis-33629 46 3 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 46 4 in in ADP bracis-33629 46 5 a a DET bracis-33629 46 6 binary binary ADJ bracis-33629 46 7 classification classification NOUN bracis-33629 46 8 task task NOUN bracis-33629 46 9 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 46 10 if if SCONJ bracis-33629 46 11 classifier classifier PROPN bracis-33629 46 12 c1 c1 PROPN bracis-33629 46 13 has have VERB bracis-33629 46 14 20 20 NUM bracis-33629 46 15 errors error NOUN bracis-33629 46 16 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 46 17 10 10 NUM bracis-33629 46 18 false false ADJ bracis-33629 46 19 positives positive NOUN bracis-33629 46 20 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 46 21 10 10 NUM bracis-33629 46 22 false false ADJ bracis-33629 46 23 negatives negative NOUN bracis-33629 46 24 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 46 25 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 46 26 classifier classifier PROPN bracis-33629 46 27 c2 c2 PROPN bracis-33629 46 28 has have VERB bracis-33629 46 29 10 10 NUM bracis-33629 46 30 errors error NOUN bracis-33629 46 31 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 46 32 8 8 NUM bracis-33629 46 33 false false ADJ bracis-33629 46 34 positives positive NOUN bracis-33629 46 35 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 46 36 2 2 NUM bracis-33629 46 37 false false ADJ bracis-33629 46 38 negatives negative NOUN bracis-33629 46 39 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 46 40 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 46 41 c1 c1 PROPN bracis-33629 46 42 would would AUX bracis-33629 46 43 be be AUX bracis-33629 46 44 considered consider VERB bracis-33629 46 45 worse bad ADJ bracis-33629 46 46 as as ADP bracis-33629 46 47 a a DET bracis-33629 46 48 classifier classifier NOUN bracis-33629 46 49 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 47 1 however however ADV bracis-33629 47 2 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 47 3 c1 c1 PROPN bracis-33629 47 4 proves prove VERB bracis-33629 47 5 to to PART bracis-33629 47 6 be be AUX bracis-33629 47 7 a a DET bracis-33629 47 8 better well ADJ bracis-33629 47 9 quantifier quantifier NOUN bracis-33629 47 10 than than ADP bracis-33629 47 11 c2 c2 PROPN bracis-33629 47 12 because because SCONJ bracis-33629 47 13 the the DET bracis-33629 47 14 false false ADJ bracis-33629 47 15 positives positive NOUN bracis-33629 47 16 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 47 17 false false ADJ bracis-33629 47 18 negatives negative NOUN bracis-33629 47 19 are be AUX bracis-33629 47 20 balanced balanced ADJ bracis-33629 47 21 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 47 22 compensating compensate VERB bracis-33629 47 23 each each DET bracis-33629 47 24 other other ADJ bracis-33629 47 25 in in ADP bracis-33629 47 26 terms term NOUN bracis-33629 47 27 of of ADP bracis-33629 47 28 class class NOUN bracis-33629 47 29 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-33629 47 30 estimation estimation NOUN bracis-33629 47 31 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 48 1 the the DET bracis-33629 48 2 cc cc PROPN bracis-33629 48 3 method method NOUN bracis-33629 48 4 exemplifies exemplify VERB bracis-33629 48 5 this this DET bracis-33629 48 6 principle principle NOUN bracis-33629 48 7 in in ADP bracis-33629 48 8 its its PRON bracis-33629 48 9 approach approach NOUN bracis-33629 48 10 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 49 1 a a DET bracis-33629 49 2 comprehensive comprehensive ADJ bracis-33629 49 3 empirical empirical ADJ bracis-33629 49 4 evaluation evaluation NOUN bracis-33629 49 5 of of ADP bracis-33629 49 6 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 49 7 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 49 8 is be AUX bracis-33629 49 9 presented present VERB bracis-33629 49 10 in in ADP bracis-33629 49 11 [ [ X bracis-33629 49 12 26 26 NUM bracis-33629 49 13 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 49 14 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 50 1 this this DET bracis-33629 50 2 study study NOUN bracis-33629 50 3 evaluates evaluate VERB bracis-33629 50 4 24 24 NUM bracis-33629 50 5 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 50 6 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 50 7 across across ADP bracis-33629 50 8 over over ADP bracis-33629 50 9 40 40 NUM bracis-33629 50 10 datasets dataset NOUN bracis-33629 50 11 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 50 12 of of ADP bracis-33629 50 13 which which PRON bracis-33629 50 14 3 3 NUM bracis-33629 50 15 are be AUX bracis-33629 50 16 text text NOUN bracis-33629 50 17 data datum NOUN bracis-33629 50 18 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 50 19 encompassing encompass VERB bracis-33629 50 20 binary binary ADJ bracis-33629 50 21 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 50 22 multiclass multiclass ADJ bracis-33629 50 23 configurations configuration NOUN bracis-33629 50 24 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 51 1 in in ADP bracis-33629 51 2 both both CCONJ bracis-33629 51 3 binary binary ADJ bracis-33629 51 4 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 51 5 multiclass multiclass ADJ bracis-33629 51 6 settings setting NOUN bracis-33629 51 7 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 51 8 the the DET bracis-33629 51 9 study study NOUN bracis-33629 51 10 examined examine VERB bracis-33629 51 11 splits split VERB bracis-33629 51 12 with with ADP bracis-33629 51 13 varying vary VERB bracis-33629 51 14 proportions proportion NOUN bracis-33629 51 15 of of ADP bracis-33629 51 16 training training NOUN bracis-33629 51 17 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 51 18 test test NOUN bracis-33629 51 19 data datum NOUN bracis-33629 51 20 samples sample NOUN bracis-33629 51 21 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 52 1 this this DET bracis-33629 52 2 approach approach NOUN bracis-33629 52 3 simulated simulate VERB bracis-33629 52 4 scenarios scenario NOUN bracis-33629 52 5 with with ADP bracis-33629 52 6 both both CCONJ bracis-33629 52 7 limited limited ADJ bracis-33629 52 8 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 52 9 abundant abundant ADJ bracis-33629 52 10 information information NOUN bracis-33629 52 11 available available ADJ bracis-33629 52 12 for for ADP bracis-33629 52 13 training train VERB bracis-33629 52 14 the the DET bracis-33629 52 15 models model NOUN bracis-33629 52 16 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 53 1 the the DET bracis-33629 53 2 findings finding NOUN bracis-33629 53 3 reveal reveal VERB bracis-33629 53 4 that that SCONJ bracis-33629 53 5 no no DET bracis-33629 53 6 single single ADJ bracis-33629 53 7 algorithm algorithm NOUN bracis-33629 53 8 consistently consistently ADV bracis-33629 53 9 outperforms outperform VERB bracis-33629 53 10 others other NOUN bracis-33629 53 11 across across ADP bracis-33629 53 12 all all DET bracis-33629 53 13 configurations configuration NOUN bracis-33629 53 14 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 54 1 however however ADV bracis-33629 54 2 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 54 3 a a DET bracis-33629 54 4 group group NOUN bracis-33629 54 5 of of ADP bracis-33629 54 6 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 54 7 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 54 8 including include VERB bracis-33629 54 9 the the DET bracis-33629 54 10 median median ADJ bracis-33629 54 11 sweep sweep NOUN bracis-33629 54 12 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 54 13 tsmax tsmax NOUN bracis-33629 54 14 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 54 15 based base VERB bracis-33629 54 16 on on ADP bracis-33629 54 17 threshold threshold NOUN bracis-33629 54 18 selection selection NOUN bracis-33629 54 19 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 54 20 the the DET bracis-33629 54 21 dys dys NOUN bracis-33629 54 22 framework framework NOUN bracis-33629 54 23 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 54 24 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 54 25 the the DET bracis-33629 54 26 friedman friedman PROPN bracis-33629 54 27 method method NOUN bracis-33629 54 28 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 54 29 exhibited exhibit VERB bracis-33629 54 30 the the DET bracis-33629 54 31 best good ADJ bracis-33629 54 32 performance performance NOUN bracis-33629 54 33 in in ADP bracis-33629 54 34 the the DET bracis-33629 54 35 binary binary PROPN bracis-33629 54 36 scenario scenario PROPN bracis-33629 54 37 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 55 1 the the DET bracis-33629 55 2 best good ADJ bracis-33629 55 3 performances performance NOUN bracis-33629 55 4 in in ADP bracis-33629 55 5 the the DET bracis-33629 55 6 multiclass multiclass ADJ bracis-33629 55 7 scenario scenario NOUN bracis-33629 55 8 were be AUX bracis-33629 55 9 achieved achieve VERB bracis-33629 55 10 by by ADP bracis-33629 55 11 the the DET bracis-33629 55 12 generalized generalize VERB bracis-33629 55 13 probabilistic probabilistic ADJ bracis-33629 55 14 adjusted adjust VERB bracis-33629 55 15 count count NOUN bracis-33629 55 16 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 55 17 the the DET bracis-33629 55 18 readme readme NOUN bracis-33629 55 19 method method NOUN bracis-33629 55 20 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 55 21 the the DET bracis-33629 55 22 energy energy NOUN bracis-33629 55 23 distance distance NOUN bracis-33629 55 24 minimization minimization NOUN bracis-33629 55 25 method method NOUN bracis-33629 55 26 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 55 27 the the DET bracis-33629 55 28 em em PROPN bracis-33629 55 29 algorithm algorithm NOUN bracis-33629 55 30 for for ADP bracis-33629 55 31 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 55 32 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 55 33 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 55 34 the the DET bracis-33629 55 35 friedman friedman PROPN bracis-33629 55 36 method method NOUN bracis-33629 55 37 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 56 1 the the DET bracis-33629 56 2 study study NOUN bracis-33629 56 3 reveals reveal VERB bracis-33629 56 4 that that SCONJ bracis-33629 56 5 the the DET bracis-33629 56 6 multiclass multiclass ADJ bracis-33629 56 7 setting setting NOUN bracis-33629 56 8 poses pose VERB bracis-33629 56 9 a a DET bracis-33629 56 10 considerably considerably ADV bracis-33629 56 11 greater great ADJ bracis-33629 56 12 challenge challenge NOUN bracis-33629 56 13 for for ADP bracis-33629 56 14 established establish VERB bracis-33629 56 15 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 56 16 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 56 17 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 56 18 as as SCONJ bracis-33629 56 19 evidenced evidence VERB bracis-33629 56 20 by by ADP bracis-33629 56 21 error error NOUN bracis-33629 56 22 scores score NOUN bracis-33629 56 23 that that PRON bracis-33629 56 24 are be AUX bracis-33629 56 25 consistently consistently ADV bracis-33629 56 26 much much ADV bracis-33629 56 27 higher high ADJ bracis-33629 56 28 than than ADP bracis-33629 56 29 those those PRON bracis-33629 56 30 in in ADP bracis-33629 56 31 the the DET bracis-33629 56 32 binary binary ADJ bracis-33629 56 33 case case NOUN bracis-33629 56 34 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 57 1 furthermore furthermore ADV bracis-33629 57 2 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 57 3 it it PRON bracis-33629 57 4 is be AUX bracis-33629 57 5 shown show VERB bracis-33629 57 6 that that SCONJ bracis-33629 57 7 algorithms algorithm NOUN bracis-33629 57 8 following follow VERB bracis-33629 57 9 the the DET bracis-33629 57 10 classify classify VERB bracis-33629 57 11 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 57 12 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 57 13 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 57 14 count count NOUN bracis-33629 57 15 principle principle NOUN bracis-33629 57 16 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 57 17 even even ADV bracis-33629 57 18 when when SCONJ bracis-33629 57 19 optimized optimize VERB bracis-33629 57 20 for for ADP bracis-33629 57 21 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 57 22 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 57 23 tend tend VERB bracis-33629 57 24 to to PART bracis-33629 57 25 perform perform VERB bracis-33629 57 26 worse bad ADJ bracis-33629 57 27 on on ADP bracis-33629 57 28 average average ADJ bracis-33629 57 29 compared compare VERB bracis-33629 57 30 to to ADP bracis-33629 57 31 other other ADJ bracis-33629 57 32 specialized specialized ADJ bracis-33629 57 33 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 57 34 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 58 1 the the DET bracis-33629 58 2 study study NOUN bracis-33629 58 3 by by ADP bracis-33629 58 4 [ [ X bracis-33629 58 5 12 12 NUM bracis-33629 58 6 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 58 7 examines examine VERB bracis-33629 58 8 the the DET bracis-33629 58 9 performance performance NOUN bracis-33629 58 10 of of ADP bracis-33629 58 11 existing exist VERB bracis-33629 58 12 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 58 13 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 58 14 under under ADP bracis-33629 58 15 various various ADJ bracis-33629 58 16 types type NOUN bracis-33629 58 17 of of ADP bracis-33629 58 18 dataset dataset ADJ bracis-33629 58 19 shifts shift NOUN bracis-33629 58 20 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 58 21 as as SCONJ bracis-33629 58 22 most most ADJ bracis-33629 58 23 previous previous ADJ bracis-33629 58 24 research research NOUN bracis-33629 58 25 has have AUX bracis-33629 58 26 primarily primarily ADV bracis-33629 58 27 focused focus VERB bracis-33629 58 28 on on ADP bracis-33629 58 29 prior prior ADJ bracis-33629 58 30 probability probability NOUN bracis-33629 58 31 shifts shift NOUN bracis-33629 58 32 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 59 1 the the DET bracis-33629 59 2 authors author NOUN bracis-33629 59 3 propose propose VERB bracis-33629 59 4 a a DET bracis-33629 59 5 taxonomy taxonomy NOUN bracis-33629 59 6 of of ADP bracis-33629 59 7 dataset dataset ADJ bracis-33629 59 8 shift shift NOUN bracis-33629 59 9 types type NOUN bracis-33629 59 10 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 59 11 introduce introduce VERB bracis-33629 59 12 experimental experimental ADJ bracis-33629 59 13 protocols protocol NOUN bracis-33629 59 14 to to PART bracis-33629 59 15 simulate simulate VERB bracis-33629 59 16 these these DET bracis-33629 59 17 shifts shift NOUN bracis-33629 59 18 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 60 1 by by ADP bracis-33629 60 2 testing test VERB bracis-33629 60 3 existing exist VERB bracis-33629 60 4 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 60 5 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 60 6 on on ADP bracis-33629 60 7 datasets dataset NOUN bracis-33629 60 8 generated generate VERB bracis-33629 60 9 using use VERB bracis-33629 60 10 these these DET bracis-33629 60 11 protocols protocol NOUN bracis-33629 60 12 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 60 13 the the DET bracis-33629 60 14 paper paper NOUN bracis-33629 60 15 aims aim VERB bracis-33629 60 16 to to PART bracis-33629 60 17 identify identify VERB bracis-33629 60 18 the the DET bracis-33629 60 19 strengths strength NOUN bracis-33629 60 20 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 60 21 weaknesses weakness NOUN bracis-33629 60 22 of of ADP bracis-33629 60 23 these these DET bracis-33629 60 24 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 60 25 under under ADP bracis-33629 60 26 different different ADJ bracis-33629 60 27 conditions condition NOUN bracis-33629 60 28 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 61 1 a a DET bracis-33629 61 2 key key ADJ bracis-33629 61 3 finding finding NOUN bracis-33629 61 4 is be AUX bracis-33629 61 5 that that SCONJ bracis-33629 61 6 while while SCONJ bracis-33629 61 7 many many ADJ bracis-33629 61 8 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 61 9 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 61 10 are be AUX bracis-33629 61 11 robust robust ADJ bracis-33629 61 12 to to ADP bracis-33629 61 13 prior prior ADJ bracis-33629 61 14 probability probability NOUN bracis-33629 61 15 shifts shift NOUN bracis-33629 61 16 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 61 17 they they PRON bracis-33629 61 18 struggle struggle VERB bracis-33629 61 19 with with ADP bracis-33629 61 20 other other ADJ bracis-33629 61 21 types type NOUN bracis-33629 61 22 of of ADP bracis-33629 61 23 dataset dataset ADJ bracis-33629 61 24 shifts shift NOUN bracis-33629 61 25 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 62 1 the the DET bracis-33629 62 2 authors author NOUN bracis-33629 62 3 introduce introduce VERB bracis-33629 62 4 new new ADJ bracis-33629 62 5 evaluation evaluation NOUN bracis-33629 62 6 protocols protocol NOUN bracis-33629 62 7 to to PART bracis-33629 62 8 simulate simulate VERB bracis-33629 62 9 various various ADJ bracis-33629 62 10 dataset dataset ADJ bracis-33629 62 11 shifts shift NOUN bracis-33629 62 12 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 62 13 test test VERB bracis-33629 62 14 several several ADJ bracis-33629 62 15 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 62 16 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 62 17 under under ADP bracis-33629 62 18 these these DET bracis-33629 62 19 conditions condition NOUN bracis-33629 62 20 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 63 1 furthermore furthermore ADV bracis-33629 63 2 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 63 3 they they PRON bracis-33629 63 4 reveal reveal VERB bracis-33629 63 5 that that SCONJ bracis-33629 63 6 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 63 7 like like ADP bracis-33629 63 8 pcc pcc NOUN bracis-33629 63 9 are be AUX bracis-33629 63 10 only only ADV bracis-33629 63 11 effective effective ADJ bracis-33629 63 12 under under ADP bracis-33629 63 13 pure pure ADJ bracis-33629 63 14 covariate covariate ADJ bracis-33629 63 15 shifts shift NOUN bracis-33629 63 16 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 63 17 whereas whereas SCONJ bracis-33629 63 18 sld sld PROPN bracis-33629 63 19 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 63 20 pacc pacc NOUN bracis-33629 63 21 perform perform VERB bracis-33629 63 22 better well ADV bracis-33629 63 23 when when SCONJ bracis-33629 63 24 covariate covariate ADJ bracis-33629 63 25 shifts shift NOUN bracis-33629 63 26 are be AUX bracis-33629 63 27 accompanied accompany VERB bracis-33629 63 28 by by ADP bracis-33629 63 29 changes change NOUN bracis-33629 63 30 in in ADP bracis-33629 63 31 class class NOUN bracis-33629 63 32 priors prior NOUN bracis-33629 63 33 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 64 1 however however ADV bracis-33629 64 2 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 64 3 all all DET bracis-33629 64 4 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 64 5 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 64 6 including include VERB bracis-33629 64 7 sld sld PROPN bracis-33629 64 8 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 64 9 show show VERB bracis-33629 64 10 instability instability NOUN bracis-33629 64 11 under under ADP bracis-33629 64 12 local local ADJ bracis-33629 64 13 covariate covariate ADJ bracis-33629 64 14 shifts shift NOUN bracis-33629 64 15 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 64 16 significant significant ADJ bracis-33629 64 17 limitations limitation NOUN bracis-33629 64 18 in in ADP bracis-33629 64 19 handling handle VERB bracis-33629 64 20 concept concept NOUN bracis-33629 64 21 shifts shift NOUN bracis-33629 64 22 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 65 1 the the DET bracis-33629 65 2 study study NOUN bracis-33629 65 3 underscores underscore VERB bracis-33629 65 4 the the DET bracis-33629 65 5 need need NOUN bracis-33629 65 6 for for ADP bracis-33629 65 7 more more ADV bracis-33629 65 8 effective effective ADJ bracis-33629 65 9 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 65 10 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 65 11 capable capable ADJ bracis-33629 65 12 of of ADP bracis-33629 65 13 addressing address VERB bracis-33629 65 14 various various ADJ bracis-33629 65 15 types type NOUN bracis-33629 65 16 of of ADP bracis-33629 65 17 dataset dataset ADJ bracis-33629 65 18 shifts shift NOUN bracis-33629 65 19 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 66 1 the the DET bracis-33629 66 2 importance importance NOUN bracis-33629 66 3 of of ADP bracis-33629 66 4 test test NOUN bracis-33629 66 5 set set VERB bracis-33629 66 6 size size NOUN bracis-33629 66 7 in in ADP bracis-33629 66 8 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 66 9 research research NOUN bracis-33629 66 10 has have AUX bracis-33629 66 11 also also ADV bracis-33629 66 12 been be AUX bracis-33629 66 13 highlighted highlight VERB bracis-33629 66 14 by by ADP bracis-33629 66 15 recent recent ADJ bracis-33629 66 16 studies study NOUN bracis-33629 66 17 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 67 1 according accord VERB bracis-33629 67 2 to to ADP bracis-33629 67 3 [ [ X bracis-33629 67 4 17 17 NUM bracis-33629 67 5 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 67 6 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 67 7 the the DET bracis-33629 67 8 test test NOUN bracis-33629 67 9 set set VERB bracis-33629 67 10 size size NOUN bracis-33629 67 11 is be AUX bracis-33629 67 12 a a DET bracis-33629 67 13 crucial crucial ADJ bracis-33629 67 14 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 67 15 yet yet ADV bracis-33629 67 16 often often ADV bracis-33629 67 17 overlooked overlook VERB bracis-33629 67 18 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 67 19 factor factor NOUN bracis-33629 67 20 in in ADP bracis-33629 67 21 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 67 22 research research NOUN bracis-33629 67 23 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 68 1 through through ADP bracis-33629 68 2 empirical empirical ADJ bracis-33629 68 3 analysis analysis NOUN bracis-33629 68 4 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 68 5 the the DET bracis-33629 68 6 authors author NOUN bracis-33629 68 7 demonstrate demonstrate VERB bracis-33629 68 8 that that SCONJ bracis-33629 68 9 the the DET bracis-33629 68 10 performance performance NOUN bracis-33629 68 11 of of ADP bracis-33629 68 12 quantifiers quantifier NOUN bracis-33629 68 13 fluctuates fluctuate NOUN bracis-33629 68 14 significantly significantly ADV bracis-33629 68 15 with with ADP bracis-33629 68 16 varying vary VERB bracis-33629 68 17 test test NOUN bracis-33629 68 18 set set VERB bracis-33629 68 19 sizes size NOUN bracis-33629 68 20 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 68 21 that that SCONJ bracis-33629 68 22 current current ADJ bracis-33629 68 23 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 68 24 generally generally ADV bracis-33629 68 25 perform perform VERB bracis-33629 68 26 poorly poorly ADV bracis-33629 68 27 on on ADP bracis-33629 68 28 smaller small ADJ bracis-33629 68 29 test test NOUN bracis-33629 68 30 sets set NOUN bracis-33629 68 31 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 69 1 to to PART bracis-33629 69 2 address address VERB bracis-33629 69 3 this this PRON bracis-33629 69 4 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 69 5 they they PRON bracis-33629 69 6 propose propose VERB bracis-33629 69 7 a a DET bracis-33629 69 8 meta meta ADV bracis-33629 69 9 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 69 10 learning learn VERB bracis-33629 69 11 scheme scheme NOUN bracis-33629 69 12 that that PRON bracis-33629 69 13 selects select VERB bracis-33629 69 14 the the DET bracis-33629 69 15 best good ADJ bracis-33629 69 16 quantifier quantifier NOUN bracis-33629 69 17 based base VERB bracis-33629 69 18 on on ADP bracis-33629 69 19 the the DET bracis-33629 69 20 size size NOUN bracis-33629 69 21 of of ADP bracis-33629 69 22 the the DET bracis-33629 69 23 test test NOUN bracis-33629 69 24 set set NOUN bracis-33629 69 25 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 70 1 the the DET bracis-33629 70 2 authors author NOUN bracis-33629 70 3 advocate advocate VERB bracis-33629 70 4 for for ADP bracis-33629 70 5 future future ADJ bracis-33629 70 6 research research NOUN bracis-33629 70 7 to to PART bracis-33629 70 8 incorporate incorporate VERB bracis-33629 70 9 test test NOUN bracis-33629 70 10 set set VERB bracis-33629 70 11 size size NOUN bracis-33629 70 12 considerations consideration NOUN bracis-33629 70 13 when when SCONJ bracis-33629 70 14 evaluating evaluate VERB bracis-33629 70 15 new new ADJ bracis-33629 70 16 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 70 17 proposals proposal NOUN bracis-33629 70 18 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 71 1 the the DET bracis-33629 71 2 article article NOUN bracis-33629 71 3 by by ADP bracis-33629 71 4 [ [ X bracis-33629 71 5 23 23 NUM bracis-33629 71 6 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 71 7 evaluates evaluate VERB bracis-33629 71 8 different different ADJ bracis-33629 71 9 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 71 10 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 71 11 applied apply VERB bracis-33629 71 12 to to ADP bracis-33629 71 13 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 71 14 data datum NOUN bracis-33629 71 15 from from ADP bracis-33629 71 16 product product NOUN bracis-33629 71 17 reviews review NOUN bracis-33629 71 18 in in ADP bracis-33629 71 19 english english PROPN bracis-33629 71 20 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 71 21 explores explore VERB bracis-33629 71 22 how how SCONJ bracis-33629 71 23 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 71 24 can can AUX bracis-33629 71 25 enhance enhance VERB bracis-33629 71 26 the the DET bracis-33629 71 27 accuracy accuracy NOUN bracis-33629 71 28 of of ADP bracis-33629 71 29 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 71 30 classification classification NOUN bracis-33629 71 31 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 72 1 the the DET bracis-33629 72 2 authors author NOUN bracis-33629 72 3 used use VERB bracis-33629 72 4 six six NUM bracis-33629 72 5 product product NOUN bracis-33629 72 6 review review NOUN bracis-33629 72 7 datasets dataset NOUN bracis-33629 72 8 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 72 9 a a DET bracis-33629 72 10 pre pre ADJ bracis-33629 72 11 - - ADJ bracis-33629 72 12 trained train VERB bracis-33629 72 13 language language NOUN bracis-33629 72 14 model model NOUN bracis-33629 72 15 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 72 16 twitter twitter NOUN bracis-33629 72 17 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 72 18 roberta roberta NOUN bracis-33629 72 19 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 72 20 base base NOUN bracis-33629 72 21 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 72 22 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 72 23 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 72 24 ten ten NUM bracis-33629 72 25 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 72 26 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 72 27 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 73 1 the the DET bracis-33629 73 2 artificial artificial ADJ bracis-33629 73 3 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 73 4 protocol protocol NOUN bracis-33629 73 5 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 73 6 app app X bracis-33629 73 7 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 73 8 was be AUX bracis-33629 73 9 employed employ VERB bracis-33629 73 10 to to PART bracis-33629 73 11 generate generate VERB bracis-33629 73 12 test test NOUN bracis-33629 73 13 samples sample NOUN bracis-33629 73 14 with with ADP bracis-33629 73 15 varying vary VERB bracis-33629 73 16 class class NOUN bracis-33629 73 17 distributions distribution NOUN bracis-33629 73 18 to to PART bracis-33629 73 19 assess assess VERB bracis-33629 73 20 the the DET bracis-33629 73 21 error error NOUN bracis-33629 73 22 of of ADP bracis-33629 73 23 the the DET bracis-33629 73 24 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 73 25 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 73 26 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 73 27 their their PRON bracis-33629 73 28 impact impact NOUN bracis-33629 73 29 on on ADP bracis-33629 73 30 dynamic dynamic ADJ bracis-33629 73 31 threshold threshold NOUN bracis-33629 73 32 adjustment adjustment NOUN bracis-33629 73 33 for for ADP bracis-33629 73 34 classification classification NOUN bracis-33629 73 35 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 74 1 the the DET bracis-33629 74 2 results result NOUN bracis-33629 74 3 demonstrated demonstrate VERB bracis-33629 74 4 that that SCONJ bracis-33629 74 5 eight eight NUM bracis-33629 74 6 of of ADP bracis-33629 74 7 the the DET bracis-33629 74 8 nine nine NUM bracis-33629 74 9 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 74 10 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 74 11 significantly significantly ADV bracis-33629 74 12 outperformed outperform VERB bracis-33629 74 13 the the DET bracis-33629 74 14 cc cc PROPN bracis-33629 74 15 method method NOUN bracis-33629 74 16 in in ADP bracis-33629 74 17 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 74 18 tasks task NOUN bracis-33629 74 19 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 75 1 additionally additionally ADV bracis-33629 75 2 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 75 3 using use VERB bracis-33629 75 4 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 75 5 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 75 6 to to PART bracis-33629 75 7 adjust adjust VERB bracis-33629 75 8 the the DET bracis-33629 75 9 decision decision NOUN bracis-33629 75 10 threshold threshold NOUN bracis-33629 75 11 significantly significantly ADV bracis-33629 75 12 improved improve VERB bracis-33629 75 13 classification classification NOUN bracis-33629 75 14 accuracy accuracy NOUN bracis-33629 75 15 compared compare VERB bracis-33629 75 16 to to ADP bracis-33629 75 17 the the DET bracis-33629 75 18 cc cc PROPN bracis-33629 75 19 method method NOUN bracis-33629 75 20 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 76 1 in in ADP bracis-33629 76 2 contrast contrast NOUN bracis-33629 76 3 to to ADP bracis-33629 76 4 the the DET bracis-33629 76 5 existing exist VERB bracis-33629 76 6 body body NOUN bracis-33629 76 7 of of ADP bracis-33629 76 8 work work NOUN bracis-33629 76 9 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 76 10 our our PRON bracis-33629 76 11 study study NOUN bracis-33629 76 12 focuses focus VERB bracis-33629 76 13 specifically specifically ADV bracis-33629 76 14 on on ADP bracis-33629 76 15 the the DET bracis-33629 76 16 application application NOUN bracis-33629 76 17 of of ADP bracis-33629 76 18 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 76 19 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 76 20 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 76 21 to to ADP bracis-33629 76 22 brazilian brazilian ADJ bracis-33629 76 23 portuguese portuguese ADJ bracis-33629 76 24 texts text NOUN bracis-33629 76 25 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 76 26 a a DET bracis-33629 76 27 research research NOUN bracis-33629 76 28 problem problem NOUN bracis-33629 76 29 that that PRON bracis-33629 76 30 has have AUX bracis-33629 76 31 received receive VERB bracis-33629 76 32 less less ADJ bracis-33629 76 33 attention attention NOUN bracis-33629 76 34 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 77 1 by by ADP bracis-33629 77 2 systematically systematically ADV bracis-33629 77 3 evaluating evaluate VERB bracis-33629 77 4 11 11 NUM bracis-33629 77 5 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 77 6 algorithms algorithm NOUN bracis-33629 77 7 on on ADP bracis-33629 77 8 five five NUM bracis-33629 77 9 datasets dataset NOUN bracis-33629 77 10 of of ADP bracis-33629 77 11 tweets tweet NOUN bracis-33629 77 12 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 77 13 product product NOUN bracis-33629 77 14 reviews review NOUN bracis-33629 77 15 in in ADP bracis-33629 77 16 brazilian brazilian ADJ bracis-33629 77 17 portuguese portuguese NOUN bracis-33629 77 18 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 77 19 our our PRON bracis-33629 77 20 research research NOUN bracis-33629 77 21 aims aim VERB bracis-33629 77 22 to to PART bracis-33629 77 23 provide provide VERB bracis-33629 77 24 a a DET bracis-33629 77 25 nuanced nuanced ADJ bracis-33629 77 26 understanding understanding NOUN bracis-33629 77 27 of of ADP bracis-33629 77 28 the the DET bracis-33629 77 29 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN bracis-33629 77 30 of of ADP bracis-33629 77 31 these these DET bracis-33629 77 32 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 77 33 in in ADP bracis-33629 77 34 this this DET bracis-33629 77 35 language language NOUN bracis-33629 77 36 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 78 1 3 3 NUM bracis-33629 78 2 methodology methodology NOUN bracis-33629 78 3 in in ADP bracis-33629 78 4 this this DET bracis-33629 78 5 section section NOUN bracis-33629 78 6 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 78 7 we we PRON bracis-33629 78 8 detail detail VERB bracis-33629 78 9 the the DET bracis-33629 78 10 methodology methodology NOUN bracis-33629 78 11 employed employ VERB bracis-33629 78 12 to to PART bracis-33629 78 13 evaluate evaluate VERB bracis-33629 78 14 the the DET bracis-33629 78 15 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN bracis-33629 78 16 of of ADP bracis-33629 78 17 various various ADJ bracis-33629 78 18 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 78 19 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 78 20 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 78 21 on on ADP bracis-33629 78 22 brazilian brazilian ADJ bracis-33629 78 23 portuguese portuguese ADJ bracis-33629 78 24 texts text NOUN bracis-33629 78 25 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 79 1 we we PRON bracis-33629 79 2 outline outline VERB bracis-33629 79 3 the the DET bracis-33629 79 4 datasets dataset NOUN bracis-33629 79 5 used use VERB bracis-33629 79 6 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 79 7 provide provide VERB bracis-33629 79 8 an an DET bracis-33629 79 9 overview overview NOUN bracis-33629 79 10 of of ADP bracis-33629 79 11 the the DET bracis-33629 79 12 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 79 13 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 79 14 tested test VERB bracis-33629 79 15 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 80 1 additionally additionally ADV bracis-33629 80 2 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 80 3 we we PRON bracis-33629 80 4 explain explain VERB bracis-33629 80 5 the the DET bracis-33629 80 6 experimental experimental ADJ bracis-33629 80 7 setup setup NOUN bracis-33629 80 8 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 80 9 which which PRON bracis-33629 80 10 includes include VERB bracis-33629 80 11 multiple multiple ADJ bracis-33629 80 12 test test NOUN bracis-33629 80 13 sizes size NOUN bracis-33629 80 14 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 80 15 k k ADJ bracis-33629 80 16 - - ADJ bracis-33629 80 17 fold fold ADJ bracis-33629 80 18 cross cross NOUN bracis-33629 80 19 - - NOUN bracis-33629 80 20 validation validation ADJ bracis-33629 80 21 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 80 22 a a DET bracis-33629 80 23 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 80 24 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 80 25 specific specific ADJ bracis-33629 80 26 evaluation evaluation NOUN bracis-33629 80 27 protocol protocol NOUN bracis-33629 80 28 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 80 29 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 80 30 the the DET bracis-33629 80 31 metric metric NOUN bracis-33629 80 32 used use VERB bracis-33629 80 33 to to PART bracis-33629 80 34 assess assess VERB bracis-33629 80 35 each each DET bracis-33629 80 36 method method NOUN bracis-33629 80 37 ’s ’s PART bracis-33629 80 38 performance performance NOUN bracis-33629 80 39 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 81 1 3.1 3.1 NUM bracis-33629 81 2 datasets dataset NOUN bracis-33629 81 3 we we PRON bracis-33629 81 4 used use VERB bracis-33629 81 5 five five NUM bracis-33629 81 6 datasets dataset NOUN bracis-33629 81 7 with with ADP bracis-33629 81 8 texts text NOUN bracis-33629 81 9 written write VERB bracis-33629 81 10 in in ADP bracis-33629 81 11 brazilian brazilian ADJ bracis-33629 81 12 portuguese portuguese PROPN bracis-33629 81 13 annotated annotate VERB bracis-33629 81 14 with with ADP bracis-33629 81 15 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 81 16 polarity polarity NOUN bracis-33629 81 17 to to PART bracis-33629 81 18 evaluate evaluate VERB bracis-33629 81 19 the the DET bracis-33629 81 20 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 81 21 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 81 22 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 82 1 the the DET bracis-33629 82 2 selected select VERB bracis-33629 82 3 datasets dataset NOUN bracis-33629 82 4 encompass encompass VERB bracis-33629 82 5 a a DET bracis-33629 82 6 variety variety NOUN bracis-33629 82 7 of of ADP bracis-33629 82 8 corpora corpora NOUN bracis-33629 82 9 used use VERB bracis-33629 82 10 for for ADP bracis-33629 82 11 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 82 12 analysis analysis NOUN bracis-33629 82 13 in in ADP bracis-33629 82 14 brazilian brazilian ADJ bracis-33629 82 15 portuguese portuguese PROPN bracis-33629 82 16 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 83 1 the the DET bracis-33629 83 2 “ " PUNCT bracis-33629 83 3 computer computer NOUN bracis-33629 83 4 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 83 5 br br NOUN bracis-33629 83 6 ” " PUNCT bracis-33629 83 7 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-33629 83 8 [ [ PUNCT bracis-33629 83 9 18 18 NUM bracis-33629 83 10 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 83 11 consists consist VERB bracis-33629 83 12 of of ADP bracis-33629 83 13 tweets tweet NOUN bracis-33629 83 14 related relate VERB bracis-33629 83 15 to to ADP bracis-33629 83 16 computers computer NOUN bracis-33629 83 17 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 83 18 notebooks notebook NOUN bracis-33629 83 19 with with ADP bracis-33629 83 20 four four NUM bracis-33629 83 21 possible possible ADJ bracis-33629 83 22 classes class NOUN bracis-33629 83 23 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 83 24 irony irony NOUN bracis-33629 83 25 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 83 26 negative negative ADJ bracis-33629 83 27 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 83 28 neutral neutral ADJ bracis-33629 83 29 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 83 30 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 83 31 positive positive ADJ bracis-33629 83 32 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 84 1 the the DET bracis-33629 84 2 “ " PUNCT bracis-33629 84 3 books book NOUN bracis-33629 84 4 ” " PUNCT bracis-33629 84 5 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-33629 84 6 contains contain VERB bracis-33629 84 7 book book NOUN bracis-33629 84 8 reviews review NOUN bracis-33629 84 9 manually manually ADV bracis-33629 84 10 annotated annotate VERB bracis-33629 84 11 for for ADP bracis-33629 84 12 positive positive ADJ bracis-33629 84 13 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 84 14 negative negative ADJ bracis-33629 84 15 classes class NOUN bracis-33629 84 16 [ [ X bracis-33629 84 17 1 1 NUM bracis-33629 84 18 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 84 19 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 85 1 the the DET bracis-33629 85 2 “ " PUNCT bracis-33629 85 3 sentencas sentencas ADJ bracis-33629 85 4 ” " PUNCT bracis-33629 85 5 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-33629 85 6 [ [ X bracis-33629 85 7 1 1 NUM bracis-33629 85 8 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 85 9 comprises comprise VERB bracis-33629 85 10 manually manually ADV bracis-33629 85 11 labeled label VERB bracis-33629 85 12 sentences sentence NOUN bracis-33629 85 13 from from ADP bracis-33629 85 14 electronic electronic ADJ bracis-33629 85 15 product product NOUN bracis-33629 85 16 reviews review NOUN bracis-33629 85 17 with with ADP bracis-33629 85 18 negative negative ADJ bracis-33629 85 19 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 85 20 positive positive ADJ bracis-33629 85 21 classes class NOUN bracis-33629 85 22 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 86 1 the the DET bracis-33629 86 2 “ " PUNCT bracis-33629 86 3 eleicoes2018 eleicoes2018 PROPN bracis-33629 86 4 ” " PUNCT bracis-33629 86 5 dataset dataset VERB bracis-33629 86 6 [ [ X bracis-33629 86 7 3 3 NUM bracis-33629 86 8 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 86 9 includes include VERB bracis-33629 86 10 tweets tweet NOUN bracis-33629 86 11 related relate VERB bracis-33629 86 12 to to ADP bracis-33629 86 13 the the DET bracis-33629 86 14 2018 2018 NUM bracis-33629 86 15 elections election NOUN bracis-33629 86 16 in in ADP bracis-33629 86 17 brazil brazil PROPN bracis-33629 86 18 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 86 19 manually manually ADV bracis-33629 86 20 annotated annotate VERB bracis-33629 86 21 with with ADP bracis-33629 86 22 positive positive ADJ bracis-33629 86 23 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 86 24 negative negative ADJ bracis-33629 86 25 polarities polarity NOUN bracis-33629 86 26 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 87 1 the the DET bracis-33629 87 2 “ " PUNCT bracis-33629 87 3 repro repro ADJ bracis-33629 87 4 ” " PUNCT bracis-33629 87 5 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-33629 87 6 [ [ PUNCT bracis-33629 87 7 25 25 NUM bracis-33629 87 8 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 87 9 consists consist VERB bracis-33629 87 10 of of ADP bracis-33629 87 11 product product NOUN bracis-33629 87 12 reviews review NOUN bracis-33629 87 13 annotated annotate VERB bracis-33629 87 14 by by ADP bracis-33629 87 15 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 87 16 with with ADP bracis-33629 87 17 four four NUM bracis-33629 87 18 classes class NOUN bracis-33629 87 19 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 87 20 positive positive ADJ bracis-33629 87 21 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 87 22 negative negative ADJ bracis-33629 87 23 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 87 24 neutral neutral ADJ bracis-33629 87 25 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 87 26 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 87 27 an an DET bracis-33629 87 28 ambiguous ambiguous ADJ bracis-33629 87 29 class class NOUN bracis-33629 87 30 “ " PUNCT bracis-33629 87 31 negative negative ADJ bracis-33629 87 32 / / SYM bracis-33629 87 33 positive positive ADJ bracis-33629 87 34 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 87 35 ” " PUNCT bracis-33629 88 1 this this DET bracis-33629 88 2 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-33629 88 3 also also ADV bracis-33629 88 4 includes include VERB bracis-33629 88 5 reviews review NOUN bracis-33629 88 6 topics topic NOUN bracis-33629 88 7 annotation annotation NOUN bracis-33629 88 8 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 88 9 which which PRON bracis-33629 88 10 we we PRON bracis-33629 88 11 disregard disregard VERB bracis-33629 88 12 here here ADV bracis-33629 88 13 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 89 1 in in ADP bracis-33629 89 2 the the DET bracis-33629 89 3 experiments experiment NOUN bracis-33629 89 4 described describe VERB bracis-33629 89 5 in in ADP bracis-33629 89 6 this this DET bracis-33629 89 7 paper paper NOUN bracis-33629 89 8 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 89 9 we we PRON bracis-33629 89 10 only only ADV bracis-33629 89 11 consider consider VERB bracis-33629 89 12 the the DET bracis-33629 89 13 binary binary ADJ bracis-33629 89 14 tasks task NOUN bracis-33629 89 15 of of ADP bracis-33629 89 16 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 89 17 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 89 18 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 89 19 excluding exclude VERB bracis-33629 89 20 samples sample NOUN bracis-33629 89 21 with with ADP bracis-33629 89 22 labels label NOUN bracis-33629 89 23 different different ADJ bracis-33629 89 24 from from ADP bracis-33629 89 25 the the DET bracis-33629 89 26 negative negative ADJ bracis-33629 89 27 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 89 28 positive positive ADJ bracis-33629 89 29 classes class NOUN bracis-33629 89 30 from from ADP bracis-33629 89 31 the the DET bracis-33629 89 32 corpora corpus NOUN bracis-33629 89 33 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 90 1 the the DET bracis-33629 90 2 resulting result VERB bracis-33629 90 3 class class NOUN bracis-33629 90 4 distributions distribution NOUN bracis-33629 90 5 vary vary VERB bracis-33629 90 6 across across ADP bracis-33629 90 7 datasets dataset NOUN bracis-33629 90 8 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 90 9 reflecting reflect VERB bracis-33629 90 10 different different ADJ bracis-33629 90 11 proportions proportion NOUN bracis-33629 90 12 of of ADP bracis-33629 90 13 positive positive ADJ bracis-33629 90 14 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 90 15 negative negative ADJ bracis-33629 90 16 sentiments sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 90 17 in in ADP bracis-33629 90 18 each each DET bracis-33629 90 19 corpus corpus NOUN bracis-33629 90 20 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 90 21 as as SCONJ bracis-33629 90 22 shown show VERB bracis-33629 90 23 in in ADP bracis-33629 90 24 table table NOUN bracis-33629 90 25     SPACE bracis-33629 90 26 1 1 NUM bracis-33629 90 27 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 90 28 table table NOUN bracis-33629 90 29 1 1 NUM bracis-33629 90 30 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 91 1 summary summary NOUN bracis-33629 91 2 of of ADP bracis-33629 91 3 datasets.full datasets.full NUM bracis-33629 91 4 size size NOUN bracis-33629 91 5 table table NOUN bracis-33629 91 6 3.2 3.2 NUM bracis-33629 91 7 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 91 8 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 91 9 this this DET bracis-33629 91 10 study study NOUN bracis-33629 91 11 focuses focus VERB bracis-33629 91 12 on on ADP bracis-33629 91 13 aggregative aggregative ADJ bracis-33629 91 14 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 91 15 based base VERB bracis-33629 91 16 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 91 17 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 91 18 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 91 19 which which PRON bracis-33629 91 20 estimate estimate VERB bracis-33629 91 21 class class NOUN bracis-33629 91 22 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 91 23 using use VERB bracis-33629 91 24 the the DET bracis-33629 91 25 output output NOUN bracis-33629 91 26 of of ADP bracis-33629 91 27 either either CCONJ bracis-33629 91 28 hard hard ADJ bracis-33629 91 29 or or CCONJ bracis-33629 91 30 probabilistic probabilistic ADJ bracis-33629 91 31 classifiers classifier NOUN bracis-33629 91 32 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 92 1 the the DET bracis-33629 92 2 work work NOUN bracis-33629 92 3 by by ADP bracis-33629 92 4 [ [ X bracis-33629 92 5 11 11 NUM bracis-33629 92 6 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 92 7 classified classify VERB bracis-33629 92 8 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 92 9 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 92 10 into into ADP bracis-33629 92 11 three three NUM bracis-33629 92 12 groups group NOUN bracis-33629 92 13 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 92 14 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 92 15 i i NOUN bracis-33629 92 16 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 92 17 classify classify VERB bracis-33629 92 18 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 92 19 count count NOUN bracis-33629 92 20 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 92 21 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 92 22 correct correct ADJ bracis-33629 92 23 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 92 24 which which PRON bracis-33629 92 25 involves involve VERB bracis-33629 92 26 classifying classify VERB bracis-33629 92 27 instances instance NOUN bracis-33629 92 28 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 92 29 then then ADV bracis-33629 92 30 correcting correct VERB bracis-33629 92 31 class class NOUN bracis-33629 92 32 counts count NOUN bracis-33629 92 33 ; ; PUNCT bracis-33629 92 34 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 92 35 ii ii NOUN bracis-33629 92 36 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 92 37 adapting adapt VERB bracis-33629 92 38 traditional traditional ADJ bracis-33629 92 39 classification classification NOUN bracis-33629 92 40 algorithms algorithm NOUN bracis-33629 92 41 to to PART bracis-33629 92 42 function function VERB bracis-33629 92 43 as as ADP bracis-33629 92 44 quantifiers quantifier NOUN bracis-33629 92 45 ; ; PUNCT bracis-33629 92 46 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 92 47 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 92 48 iii iii X bracis-33629 92 49 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 92 50 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-33629 92 51 matching matching NOUN bracis-33629 92 52 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 92 53 which which PRON bracis-33629 92 54 models model VERB bracis-33629 92 55 the the DET bracis-33629 92 56 training training NOUN bracis-33629 92 57 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-33629 92 58 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 92 59 finds find VERB bracis-33629 92 60 the the DET bracis-33629 92 61 best good ADJ bracis-33629 92 62 match match NOUN bracis-33629 92 63 against against ADP bracis-33629 92 64 the the DET bracis-33629 92 65 test test NOUN bracis-33629 92 66 set set NOUN bracis-33629 92 67 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 93 1 the the DET bracis-33629 93 2 most most ADV bracis-33629 93 3 basic basic ADJ bracis-33629 93 4 approach approach NOUN bracis-33629 93 5 is be AUX bracis-33629 93 6 the the DET bracis-33629 93 7 cc cc PROPN bracis-33629 93 8 method method NOUN bracis-33629 93 9 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 94 1 this this PRON bracis-33629 94 2 involves involve VERB bracis-33629 94 3 training train VERB bracis-33629 94 4 a a DET bracis-33629 94 5 standard standard ADJ bracis-33629 94 6 classifier classifier NOUN bracis-33629 94 7 to to PART bracis-33629 94 8 assign assign VERB bracis-33629 94 9 each each DET bracis-33629 94 10 data data NOUN bracis-33629 94 11 sample sample NOUN bracis-33629 94 12 to to ADP bracis-33629 94 13 a a DET bracis-33629 94 14 specific specific ADJ bracis-33629 94 15 class class NOUN bracis-33629 94 16 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 94 17 then then ADV bracis-33629 94 18 counting count VERB bracis-33629 94 19 the the DET bracis-33629 94 20 predicted predict VERB bracis-33629 94 21 classes class NOUN bracis-33629 94 22 to to PART bracis-33629 94 23 assess assess VERB bracis-33629 94 24 their their PRON bracis-33629 94 25 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-33629 94 26 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 95 1 however however ADV bracis-33629 95 2 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 95 3 cc cc VERB bracis-33629 95 4 often often ADV bracis-33629 95 5 fails fail VERB bracis-33629 95 6 to to PART bracis-33629 95 7 estimate estimate VERB bracis-33629 95 8 class class NOUN bracis-33629 95 9 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 95 10 accurately accurately ADV bracis-33629 95 11 when when SCONJ bracis-33629 95 12 there there PRON bracis-33629 95 13 are be VERB bracis-33629 95 14 shifts shift NOUN bracis-33629 95 15 in in ADP bracis-33629 95 16 data datum NOUN bracis-33629 95 17 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-33629 95 18 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 95 19 also also ADV bracis-33629 95 20 known know VERB bracis-33629 95 21 as as ADP bracis-33629 95 22 prior prior ADJ bracis-33629 95 23 probability probability NOUN bracis-33629 95 24 shifts shift NOUN bracis-33629 95 25 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 96 1 a a DET bracis-33629 96 2 variant variant NOUN bracis-33629 96 3 of of ADP bracis-33629 96 4 cc cc PROPN bracis-33629 96 5 is be AUX bracis-33629 96 6 the the DET bracis-33629 96 7 probabilistic probabilistic ADJ bracis-33629 96 8 classify classify NOUN bracis-33629 96 9 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 96 10 count count VERB bracis-33629 96 11 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 96 12 pcc pcc NOUN bracis-33629 96 13 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 97 1 [ [ X bracis-33629 97 2 2 2 NUM bracis-33629 97 3 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 97 4 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 97 5 which which PRON bracis-33629 97 6 uses use VERB bracis-33629 97 7 probabilistic probabilistic ADJ bracis-33629 97 8 classifiers classifier NOUN bracis-33629 97 9 to to PART bracis-33629 97 10 estimate estimate VERB bracis-33629 97 11 class class NOUN bracis-33629 97 12 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 97 13 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 98 1 unlike unlike ADP bracis-33629 98 2 cc cc PROPN bracis-33629 98 3 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 98 4 which which PRON bracis-33629 98 5 relies rely VERB bracis-33629 98 6 on on ADP bracis-33629 98 7 hard hard ADJ bracis-33629 98 8 classifications classification NOUN bracis-33629 98 9 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 98 10 pcc pcc NOUN bracis-33629 98 11 considers consider VERB bracis-33629 98 12 the the DET bracis-33629 98 13 posterior posterior ADJ bracis-33629 98 14 probabilities probability NOUN bracis-33629 98 15 assigned assign VERB bracis-33629 98 16 to to ADP bracis-33629 98 17 each each DET bracis-33629 98 18 class class NOUN bracis-33629 98 19 by by ADP bracis-33629 98 20 the the DET bracis-33629 98 21 classifier classifier NOUN bracis-33629 98 22 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 98 23 aiming aim VERB bracis-33629 98 24 for for ADP bracis-33629 98 25 more more ADV bracis-33629 98 26 precise precise ADJ bracis-33629 98 27 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 98 28 estimates estimate NOUN bracis-33629 98 29 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 99 1 the the DET bracis-33629 99 2 adjusted adjusted ADJ bracis-33629 99 3 classify classify NOUN bracis-33629 99 4 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 99 5 count count VERB bracis-33629 99 6 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 99 7 acc acc PROPN bracis-33629 99 8 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 100 1 [ [ X bracis-33629 100 2 10 10 NUM bracis-33629 100 3 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 100 4 further far ADV bracis-33629 100 5 refines refine VERB bracis-33629 100 6 the the DET bracis-33629 100 7 cc cc NOUN bracis-33629 100 8 approach approach NOUN bracis-33629 100 9 by by ADP bracis-33629 100 10 correcting correct VERB bracis-33629 100 11 the the DET bracis-33629 100 12 raw raw ADJ bracis-33629 100 13 counts count NOUN bracis-33629 100 14 based base VERB bracis-33629 100 15 on on ADP bracis-33629 100 16 the the DET bracis-33629 100 17 true true ADJ bracis-33629 100 18 positive positive ADJ bracis-33629 100 19 rate rate NOUN bracis-33629 100 20 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 100 21 tpr tpr NOUN bracis-33629 100 22 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 100 23 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 100 24 false false ADJ bracis-33629 100 25 positive positive ADJ bracis-33629 100 26 rate rate NOUN bracis-33629 100 27 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 100 28 fpr fpr NOUN bracis-33629 100 29 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 100 30 estimated estimate VERB bracis-33629 100 31 in in ADP bracis-33629 100 32 a a DET bracis-33629 100 33 validation validation NOUN bracis-33629 100 34 set set NOUN bracis-33629 100 35 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 100 36 thus thus ADV bracis-33629 100 37 offering offer VERB bracis-33629 100 38 a a DET bracis-33629 100 39 more more ADV bracis-33629 100 40 balanced balanced ADJ bracis-33629 100 41 estimation estimation NOUN bracis-33629 100 42 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 101 1 the the DET bracis-33629 101 2 probabilistic probabilistic ADJ bracis-33629 101 3 adjusted adjust VERB bracis-33629 101 4 classify classify NOUN bracis-33629 101 5 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 101 6 count count VERB bracis-33629 101 7 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 101 8 pacc pacc NOUN bracis-33629 101 9 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 102 1 [ [ X bracis-33629 102 2 2 2 X bracis-33629 102 3 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 102 4 extends extend VERB bracis-33629 102 5 acc acc PROPN bracis-33629 102 6 by by ADP bracis-33629 102 7 integrating integrate VERB bracis-33629 102 8 probabilistic probabilistic ADJ bracis-33629 102 9 classifiers classifier NOUN bracis-33629 102 10 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 103 1 threshold threshold NOUN bracis-33629 103 2 selection selection NOUN bracis-33629 103 3 techniques technique NOUN bracis-33629 103 4 such such ADJ bracis-33629 103 5 as as ADP bracis-33629 103 6 median median ADJ bracis-33629 103 7 sweep sweep NOUN bracis-33629 103 8 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 103 9 ms ms NOUN bracis-33629 103 10 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 104 1 [ [ X bracis-33629 104 2 9 9 NUM bracis-33629 104 3 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 104 4 10 10 NUM bracis-33629 104 5 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 104 6 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 104 7 ms2 ms2 PROPN bracis-33629 105 1 [ [ X bracis-33629 105 2 9 9 NUM bracis-33629 105 3 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 105 4 10 10 NUM bracis-33629 105 5 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 105 6 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 105 7 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 105 8 max max PROPN bracis-33629 106 1 [ [ X bracis-33629 106 2 9 9 NUM bracis-33629 106 3 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 106 4 10 10 NUM bracis-33629 106 5 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 106 6 leverage leverage NOUN bracis-33629 106 7 the the DET bracis-33629 106 8 acc acc PROPN bracis-33629 106 9 method method NOUN bracis-33629 106 10 to to PART bracis-33629 106 11 enhance enhance VERB bracis-33629 106 12 class class NOUN bracis-33629 106 13 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 106 14 estimation estimation NOUN bracis-33629 106 15 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 106 16 addressing address VERB bracis-33629 106 17 stability stability NOUN bracis-33629 106 18 concerns concern NOUN bracis-33629 106 19 that that PRON bracis-33629 106 20 arise arise VERB bracis-33629 106 21 when when SCONJ bracis-33629 106 22 tpr tpr PROPN bracis-33629 106 23 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 106 24 fpr fpr NOUN bracis-33629 106 25 are be AUX bracis-33629 106 26 closely closely ADV bracis-33629 106 27 aligned align VERB bracis-33629 106 28 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 106 29 particularly particularly ADV bracis-33629 106 30 in in ADP bracis-33629 106 31 scenarios scenario NOUN bracis-33629 106 32 where where SCONJ bracis-33629 106 33 the the DET bracis-33629 106 34 positive positive ADJ bracis-33629 106 35 class class NOUN bracis-33629 106 36 is be AUX bracis-33629 106 37 rare rare ADJ bracis-33629 106 38 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 107 1 these these DET bracis-33629 107 2 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 107 3 employ employ VERB bracis-33629 107 4 various various ADJ bracis-33629 107 5 thresholds threshold NOUN bracis-33629 107 6 to to PART bracis-33629 107 7 adjust adjust VERB bracis-33629 107 8 the the DET bracis-33629 107 9 classifier classifier NOUN bracis-33629 107 10 ’s ’s PART bracis-33629 107 11 decision decision NOUN bracis-33629 107 12 boundary boundary ADJ bracis-33629 107 13 for for ADP bracis-33629 107 14 more more ADV bracis-33629 107 15 accurate accurate ADJ bracis-33629 107 16 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 107 17 estimation estimation NOUN bracis-33629 107 18 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 107 19 each each DET bracis-33629 107 20 following follow VERB bracis-33629 107 21 strategies strategy NOUN bracis-33629 107 22 tailored tailor VERB bracis-33629 107 23 for for ADP bracis-33629 107 24 optimal optimal ADJ bracis-33629 107 25 performance performance NOUN bracis-33629 107 26 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 108 1 the the DET bracis-33629 108 2 ms ms PROPN bracis-33629 108 3 method method NOUN bracis-33629 108 4 computes compute VERB bracis-33629 108 5 the the DET bracis-33629 108 6 median median NOUN bracis-33629 108 7 of of ADP bracis-33629 108 8 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 108 9 estimates estimate NOUN bracis-33629 108 10 obtained obtain VERB bracis-33629 108 11 by by ADP bracis-33629 108 12 applying apply VERB bracis-33629 108 13 the the DET bracis-33629 108 14 acc acc PROPN bracis-33629 108 15 method method NOUN bracis-33629 108 16 across across ADP bracis-33629 108 17 a a DET bracis-33629 108 18 range range NOUN bracis-33629 108 19 of of ADP bracis-33629 108 20 classification classification NOUN bracis-33629 108 21 thresholds threshold NOUN bracis-33629 108 22 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 108 23 using use VERB bracis-33629 108 24 cross cross NOUN bracis-33629 108 25 - - NOUN bracis-33629 108 26 validation validation NOUN bracis-33629 108 27 to to PART bracis-33629 108 28 estimate estimate VERB bracis-33629 108 29 tpr tpr NOUN bracis-33629 108 30 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 108 31 fpr fpr NOUN bracis-33629 108 32 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 108 33 followed follow VERB bracis-33629 108 34 by by ADP bracis-33629 108 35 the the DET bracis-33629 108 36 acc acc PROPN bracis-33629 108 37 correction correction NOUN bracis-33629 108 38 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 109 1 ms2 ms2 NOUN bracis-33629 109 2 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 109 3 a a DET bracis-33629 109 4 stricter strict ADJ bracis-33629 109 5 variant variant NOUN bracis-33629 109 6 of of ADP bracis-33629 109 7 ms ms NOUN bracis-33629 109 8 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 109 9 focuses focus VERB bracis-33629 109 10 specifically specifically ADV bracis-33629 109 11 on on ADP bracis-33629 109 12 thresholds threshold NOUN bracis-33629 109 13 where where SCONJ bracis-33629 109 14 the the DET bracis-33629 109 15 difference difference NOUN bracis-33629 109 16 between between ADP bracis-33629 109 17 tpr tpr NOUN bracis-33629 109 18 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 109 19 fpr fpr PRON bracis-33629 109 20 exceeds exceed NOUN bracis-33629 109 21 0.25 0.25 NUM bracis-33629 109 22 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 109 23 enhancing enhance VERB bracis-33629 109 24 accuracy accuracy NOUN bracis-33629 109 25 by by ADP bracis-33629 109 26 filtering filter VERB bracis-33629 109 27 out out ADP bracis-33629 109 28 potential potential ADJ bracis-33629 109 29 outliers outlier NOUN bracis-33629 109 30 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 110 1 conversely conversely ADV bracis-33629 110 2 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 110 3 the the DET bracis-33629 110 4 max max PROPN bracis-33629 110 5 method method NOUN bracis-33629 110 6 selects select VERB bracis-33629 110 7 a a DET bracis-33629 110 8 threshold threshold NOUN bracis-33629 110 9 that that PRON bracis-33629 110 10 maximizes maximize VERB bracis-33629 110 11 the the DET bracis-33629 110 12 difference difference NOUN bracis-33629 110 13 between between ADP bracis-33629 110 14 tpr tpr PROPN bracis-33629 110 15 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 110 16 fpr fpr NOUN bracis-33629 110 17 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 110 18 optimizing optimize VERB bracis-33629 110 19 the the DET bracis-33629 110 20 classifier classifier NOUN bracis-33629 110 21 ’s ’s PART bracis-33629 110 22 decision decision NOUN bracis-33629 110 23 boundary boundary ADV bracis-33629 110 24 within within ADP bracis-33629 110 25 the the DET bracis-33629 110 26 acc acc PROPN bracis-33629 110 27 framework framework NOUN bracis-33629 110 28 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 111 1 all all DET bracis-33629 111 2 previously previously ADV bracis-33629 111 3 described describe VERB bracis-33629 111 4 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 111 5 are be AUX bracis-33629 111 6 examples example NOUN bracis-33629 111 7 of of ADP bracis-33629 111 8 the the DET bracis-33629 111 9 classify classify NOUN bracis-33629 111 10 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 111 11 count count NOUN bracis-33629 111 12 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 111 13 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 111 14 correct correct ADJ bracis-33629 111 15 family family NOUN bracis-33629 111 16 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 112 1 an an DET bracis-33629 112 2 adaptation adaptation NOUN bracis-33629 112 3 of of ADP bracis-33629 112 4 a a DET bracis-33629 112 5 traditional traditional ADJ bracis-33629 112 6 classification classification NOUN bracis-33629 112 7 algorithm algorithm NOUN bracis-33629 112 8 to to PART bracis-33629 112 9 function function VERB bracis-33629 112 10 as as ADP bracis-33629 112 11 a a DET bracis-33629 112 12 quantifier quantifier NOUN bracis-33629 112 13 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 112 14 svm(mae svm(mae NOUN bracis-33629 112 15 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 113 1 [ [ X bracis-33629 113 2 7 7 NUM bracis-33629 113 3 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 113 4 22 22 NUM bracis-33629 113 5 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 113 6 is be AUX bracis-33629 113 7 a a DET bracis-33629 113 8 support support NOUN bracis-33629 113 9 vector vector NOUN bracis-33629 113 10 machine machine NOUN bracis-33629 113 11 variant variant NOUN bracis-33629 113 12 designed design VERB bracis-33629 113 13 to to PART bracis-33629 113 14 minimize minimize VERB bracis-33629 113 15 mean mean VERB bracis-33629 113 16 absolute absolute ADJ bracis-33629 113 17 error error NOUN bracis-33629 113 18 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 113 19 mae mae PROPN bracis-33629 113 20 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 113 21 by by ADP bracis-33629 113 22 explicitly explicitly ADV bracis-33629 113 23 focusing focus VERB bracis-33629 113 24 on on ADP bracis-33629 113 25 the the DET bracis-33629 113 26 measure measure NOUN bracis-33629 113 27 of of ADP bracis-33629 113 28 error error NOUN bracis-33629 113 29 used use VERB bracis-33629 113 30 to to PART bracis-33629 113 31 evaluate evaluate VERB bracis-33629 113 32 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 113 33 accuracy accuracy NOUN bracis-33629 113 34 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 114 1 this this DET bracis-33629 114 2 method method NOUN bracis-33629 114 3 ensures ensure VERB bracis-33629 114 4 the the DET bracis-33629 114 5 learning learn VERB bracis-33629 114 6 algorithm algorithm NOUN bracis-33629 114 7 targets target NOUN bracis-33629 114 8 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 114 9 reduces reduce VERB bracis-33629 114 10 the the DET bracis-33629 114 11 specified specify VERB bracis-33629 114 12 error error NOUN bracis-33629 114 13 measure measure NOUN bracis-33629 114 14 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 115 1 svm(mae svm(mae PROPN bracis-33629 115 2 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 115 3 is be AUX bracis-33629 115 4 an an DET bracis-33629 115 5 instance instance NOUN bracis-33629 115 6 of of ADP bracis-33629 115 7 the the DET bracis-33629 115 8 svmperf svmperf NOUN bracis-33629 115 9 framework framework NOUN bracis-33629 115 10 [ [ X bracis-33629 115 11 14 14 NUM bracis-33629 115 12 ] ] X bracis-33629 115 13 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 115 14 which which PRON bracis-33629 115 15 can can AUX bracis-33629 115 16 produce produce VERB bracis-33629 115 17 classifiers classifier NOUN bracis-33629 115 18 optimized optimize VERB bracis-33629 115 19 for for ADP bracis-33629 115 20 multivariate multivariate NOUN bracis-33629 115 21 loss loss NOUN bracis-33629 115 22 functions function NOUN bracis-33629 115 23 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 116 1 the the DET bracis-33629 116 2 saerens saerens NOUN bracis-33629 116 3 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 116 4 latinne latinne NOUN bracis-33629 116 5 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 116 6 decaestecker decaestecker NOUN bracis-33629 116 7 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 116 8 sldc sldc PROPN bracis-33629 116 9 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 117 1 [ [ X bracis-33629 117 2 24 24 NUM bracis-33629 117 3 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 117 4 algorithm algorithm NOUN bracis-33629 117 5 also also ADV bracis-33629 117 6 adapts adapt VERB bracis-33629 117 7 a a DET bracis-33629 117 8 classifier classifier NOUN bracis-33629 117 9 by by ADP bracis-33629 117 10 employing employ VERB bracis-33629 117 11 an an DET bracis-33629 117 12 expectation expectation NOUN bracis-33629 117 13 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 117 14 maximization maximization NOUN bracis-33629 117 15 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 117 16 em em NOUN bracis-33629 117 17 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 117 18 approach approach NOUN bracis-33629 117 19 with with ADP bracis-33629 117 20 a a DET bracis-33629 117 21 transductive transductive ADJ bracis-33629 117 22 component component NOUN bracis-33629 117 23 to to PART bracis-33629 117 24 refine refine VERB bracis-33629 117 25 test test NOUN bracis-33629 117 26 predictions prediction NOUN bracis-33629 117 27 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 118 1 this this DET bracis-33629 118 2 iterative iterative NOUN bracis-33629 118 3 process process NOUN bracis-33629 118 4 updates update VERB bracis-33629 118 5 class class NOUN bracis-33629 118 6 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 118 7 estimates estimate NOUN bracis-33629 118 8 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 118 9 posterior posterior ADJ bracis-33629 118 10 probabilities probability NOUN bracis-33629 118 11 by by ADP bracis-33629 118 12 leveraging leverage VERB bracis-33629 118 13 labeled label VERB bracis-33629 118 14 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 118 15 unlabeled unlabeled ADJ bracis-33629 118 16 data datum NOUN bracis-33629 118 17 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 119 1 initially initially ADV bracis-33629 119 2 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 119 3 the the DET bracis-33629 119 4 algorithm algorithm NOUN bracis-33629 119 5 uses use VERB bracis-33629 119 6 a a DET bracis-33629 119 7 classifier classifier NOUN bracis-33629 119 8 trained train VERB bracis-33629 119 9 on on ADP bracis-33629 119 10 labeled label VERB bracis-33629 119 11 data datum NOUN bracis-33629 119 12 to to PART bracis-33629 119 13 estimate estimate VERB bracis-33629 119 14 posterior posterior ADJ bracis-33629 119 15 probabilities probability NOUN bracis-33629 119 16 for for ADP bracis-33629 119 17 the the DET bracis-33629 119 18 test test NOUN bracis-33629 119 19 set set VERB bracis-33629 119 20 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 120 1 in in ADP bracis-33629 120 2 the the DET bracis-33629 120 3 e e NOUN bracis-33629 120 4 - - NOUN bracis-33629 120 5 step step NOUN bracis-33629 120 6 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 120 7 these these DET bracis-33629 120 8 probabilities probability NOUN bracis-33629 120 9 are be AUX bracis-33629 120 10 used use VERB bracis-33629 120 11 to to PART bracis-33629 120 12 update update VERB bracis-33629 120 13 the the DET bracis-33629 120 14 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 120 15 estimates estimate NOUN bracis-33629 120 16 of of ADP bracis-33629 120 17 each each DET bracis-33629 120 18 class class NOUN bracis-33629 120 19 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 121 1 during during ADP bracis-33629 121 2 the the DET bracis-33629 121 3 m m NOUN bracis-33629 121 4 - - NOUN bracis-33629 121 5 step step NOUN bracis-33629 121 6 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 121 7 the the DET bracis-33629 121 8 updated update VERB bracis-33629 121 9 prevalences prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 121 10 refine refine VERB bracis-33629 121 11 the the DET bracis-33629 121 12 posterior posterior ADJ bracis-33629 121 13 probabilities probability NOUN bracis-33629 121 14 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 122 1 this this DET bracis-33629 122 2 process process NOUN bracis-33629 122 3 repeats repeat VERB bracis-33629 122 4 until until ADP bracis-33629 122 5 convergence convergence NOUN bracis-33629 122 6 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 123 1 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-33629 123 2 matching matching NOUN bracis-33629 123 3 techniques technique NOUN bracis-33629 123 4 such such ADJ bracis-33629 123 5 as as ADP bracis-33629 123 6 hdy hdy NOUN bracis-33629 123 7 [ [ X bracis-33629 123 8 13 13 NUM bracis-33629 123 9 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 123 10 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 123 11 dys dys VERB bracis-33629 123 12 [ [ X bracis-33629 123 13 16 16 NUM bracis-33629 123 14 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 123 15 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 123 16 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 123 17 kdey kdey ADV bracis-33629 123 18 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 123 19 ml ml PROPN bracis-33629 124 1 [ [ X bracis-33629 124 2 20 20 NUM bracis-33629 124 3 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 124 4 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 124 5 operate operate VERB bracis-33629 124 6 by by ADP bracis-33629 124 7 modeling model VERB bracis-33629 124 8 the the DET bracis-33629 124 9 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-33629 124 10 of of ADP bracis-33629 124 11 the the DET bracis-33629 124 12 training training NOUN bracis-33629 124 13 set set VERB bracis-33629 124 14 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 124 15 adjusting adjust VERB bracis-33629 124 16 parameters parameter NOUN bracis-33629 124 17 to to PART bracis-33629 124 18 align align VERB bracis-33629 124 19 this this DET bracis-33629 124 20 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-33629 124 21 with with ADP bracis-33629 124 22 that that PRON bracis-33629 124 23 of of ADP bracis-33629 124 24 the the DET bracis-33629 124 25 test test NOUN bracis-33629 124 26 set set VERB bracis-33629 124 27 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 125 1 hdy hdy PROPN bracis-33629 125 2 utilizes utilize VERB bracis-33629 125 3 the the DET bracis-33629 125 4 hellinger hellinger NOUN bracis-33629 125 5 distance distance NOUN bracis-33629 125 6 to to PART bracis-33629 125 7 compare compare VERB bracis-33629 125 8 probability probability NOUN bracis-33629 125 9 score score NOUN bracis-33629 125 10 distributions distribution NOUN bracis-33629 125 11 between between ADP bracis-33629 125 12 the the DET bracis-33629 125 13 training training NOUN bracis-33629 125 14 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 125 15 test test NOUN bracis-33629 125 16 sets set NOUN bracis-33629 125 17 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 126 1 the the DET bracis-33629 126 2 hellinger hellinger PROPN bracis-33629 126 3 distance distance NOUN bracis-33629 126 4 measures measure VERB bracis-33629 126 5 the the DET bracis-33629 126 6 difference difference NOUN bracis-33629 126 7 between between ADP bracis-33629 126 8 two two NUM bracis-33629 126 9 probability probability NOUN bracis-33629 126 10 distributions distribution NOUN bracis-33629 126 11 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 126 12 providing provide VERB bracis-33629 126 13 a a DET bracis-33629 126 14 robust robust ADJ bracis-33629 126 15 metric metric NOUN bracis-33629 126 16 for for ADP bracis-33629 126 17 comparing compare VERB bracis-33629 126 18 distributions distribution NOUN bracis-33629 126 19 in in ADP bracis-33629 126 20 a a DET bracis-33629 126 21 high high ADJ bracis-33629 126 22 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 126 23 dimensional dimensional ADJ bracis-33629 126 24 space space NOUN bracis-33629 126 25 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 127 1 hdy hdy PROPN bracis-33629 127 2 works work VERB bracis-33629 127 3 by by ADP bracis-33629 127 4 calculating calculate VERB bracis-33629 127 5 the the DET bracis-33629 127 6 hellinger hellinger NOUN bracis-33629 127 7 distance distance NOUN bracis-33629 127 8 for for ADP bracis-33629 127 9 each each DET bracis-33629 127 10 class class NOUN bracis-33629 127 11 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 127 12 allowing allow VERB bracis-33629 127 13 it it PRON bracis-33629 127 14 to to PART bracis-33629 127 15 quantify quantify VERB bracis-33629 127 16 the the DET bracis-33629 127 17 degree degree NOUN bracis-33629 127 18 of of ADP bracis-33629 127 19 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-33629 127 20 shift shift NOUN bracis-33629 127 21 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 127 22 adjust adjust VERB bracis-33629 127 23 the the DET bracis-33629 127 24 class class NOUN bracis-33629 127 25 prevalences prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 127 26 accordingly accordingly ADV bracis-33629 127 27 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 128 1 dys dys NOUN bracis-33629 128 2 extends extend VERB bracis-33629 128 3 hdy hdy NOUN bracis-33629 128 4 by by ADP bracis-33629 128 5 incorporating incorporate VERB bracis-33629 128 6 various various ADJ bracis-33629 128 7 distance distance NOUN bracis-33629 128 8 functions function NOUN bracis-33629 128 9 to to PART bracis-33629 128 10 refine refine VERB bracis-33629 128 11 the the DET bracis-33629 128 12 comparison comparison NOUN bracis-33629 128 13 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 129 1 in in ADP bracis-33629 129 2 addition addition NOUN bracis-33629 129 3 to to ADP bracis-33629 129 4 the the DET bracis-33629 129 5 hellinger hellinger NOUN bracis-33629 129 6 distance distance NOUN bracis-33629 129 7 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 129 8 dys dys NOUN bracis-33629 129 9 might might AUX bracis-33629 129 10 use use VERB bracis-33629 129 11 metrics metric NOUN bracis-33629 129 12 such such ADJ bracis-33629 129 13 as as ADP bracis-33629 129 14 the the DET bracis-33629 129 15 jensen jensen PROPN bracis-33629 129 16 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 129 17 shannon shannon PROPN bracis-33629 129 18 divergence divergence PROPN bracis-33629 129 19 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 129 20 bhattacharyya bhattacharyya ADJ bracis-33629 129 21 distance distance NOUN bracis-33629 129 22 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 129 23 or or CCONJ bracis-33629 129 24 earth earth NOUN bracis-33629 129 25 mover mover NOUN bracis-33629 129 26 ’s ’s PART bracis-33629 129 27 distance distance NOUN bracis-33629 129 28 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 129 29 among among ADP bracis-33629 129 30 others other NOUN bracis-33629 129 31 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 130 1 by by ADP bracis-33629 130 2 leveraging leverage VERB bracis-33629 130 3 multiple multiple ADJ bracis-33629 130 4 distance distance NOUN bracis-33629 130 5 functions function NOUN bracis-33629 130 6 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 130 7 dys dys NOUN bracis-33629 130 8 can can AUX bracis-33629 130 9 capture capture VERB bracis-33629 130 10 different different ADJ bracis-33629 130 11 aspects aspect NOUN bracis-33629 130 12 of of ADP bracis-33629 130 13 the the DET bracis-33629 130 14 distributional distributional ADJ bracis-33629 130 15 changes change NOUN bracis-33629 130 16 between between ADP bracis-33629 130 17 the the DET bracis-33629 130 18 training training NOUN bracis-33629 130 19 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 130 20 test test NOUN bracis-33629 130 21 sets set NOUN bracis-33629 130 22 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 131 1 kdey kdey ADJ bracis-33629 131 2 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 131 3 ml ml PROPN bracis-33629 131 4 approaches approach VERB bracis-33629 131 5 the the DET bracis-33629 131 6 problem problem NOUN bracis-33629 131 7 by by ADP bracis-33629 131 8 modeling model VERB bracis-33629 131 9 distributions distribution NOUN bracis-33629 131 10 using use VERB bracis-33629 131 11 gaussian gaussian ADJ bracis-33629 131 12 mixture mixture NOUN bracis-33629 131 13 models model NOUN bracis-33629 131 14 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 131 15 gmms gmms NOUN bracis-33629 131 16 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 131 17 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 131 18 optimizing optimize VERB bracis-33629 131 19 within within ADP bracis-33629 131 20 the the DET bracis-33629 131 21 maximum maximum ADJ bracis-33629 131 22 likelihood likelihood NOUN bracis-33629 131 23 framework framework NOUN bracis-33629 131 24 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 132 1 this this DET bracis-33629 132 2 method method NOUN bracis-33629 132 3 involves involve VERB bracis-33629 132 4 fitting fitting ADJ bracis-33629 132 5 gmms gmms NOUN bracis-33629 132 6 to to ADP bracis-33629 132 7 the the DET bracis-33629 132 8 training training NOUN bracis-33629 132 9 data datum NOUN bracis-33629 132 10 to to PART bracis-33629 132 11 model model VERB bracis-33629 132 12 its its PRON bracis-33629 132 13 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-33629 132 14 as as ADP bracis-33629 132 15 a a DET bracis-33629 132 16 mixture mixture NOUN bracis-33629 132 17 of of ADP bracis-33629 132 18 gaussian gaussian ADJ bracis-33629 132 19 components component NOUN bracis-33629 132 20 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 133 1 kdey kdey PROPN bracis-33629 133 2 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 133 3 ml ml NOUN bracis-33629 133 4 then then ADV bracis-33629 133 5 aims aim VERB bracis-33629 133 6 to to PART bracis-33629 133 7 minimize minimize VERB bracis-33629 133 8 the the DET bracis-33629 133 9 kullback kullback NOUN bracis-33629 133 10 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 133 11 leibler leibler NOUN bracis-33629 133 12 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 133 13 kl kl NOUN bracis-33629 133 14 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 133 15 divergence divergence NOUN bracis-33629 133 16 between between ADP bracis-33629 133 17 the the DET bracis-33629 133 18 test test NOUN bracis-33629 133 19 data datum NOUN bracis-33629 133 20 probability probability NOUN bracis-33629 133 21 density density NOUN bracis-33629 133 22 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 133 23 the the DET bracis-33629 133 24 training training NOUN bracis-33629 133 25 data data NOUN bracis-33629 133 26 mixture mixture NOUN bracis-33629 133 27 density density NOUN bracis-33629 133 28 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 134 1 3.3 3.3 NUM bracis-33629 134 2 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 134 3 evaluation evaluation NOUN bracis-33629 134 4 protocol protocol NOUN bracis-33629 134 5 evaluating evaluate VERB bracis-33629 134 6 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 134 7 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 134 8 presents present VERB bracis-33629 134 9 a a DET bracis-33629 134 10 challenge challenge NOUN bracis-33629 134 11 due due ADP bracis-33629 134 12 to to ADP bracis-33629 134 13 the the DET bracis-33629 134 14 disparity disparity NOUN bracis-33629 134 15 between between ADP bracis-33629 134 16 classification classification NOUN bracis-33629 134 17 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 134 18 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 134 19 tasks task NOUN bracis-33629 134 20 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 135 1 in in ADP bracis-33629 135 2 a a DET bracis-33629 135 3 classification classification NOUN bracis-33629 135 4 task task NOUN bracis-33629 135 5 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 135 6 a a DET bracis-33629 135 7 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-33629 135 8 with with ADP bracis-33629 135 9 n n ADP bracis-33629 135 10 data data NOUN bracis-33629 135 11 points point NOUN bracis-33629 135 12 results result NOUN bracis-33629 135 13 in in ADP bracis-33629 135 14 n n ADP bracis-33629 135 15 test test NOUN bracis-33629 135 16 data datum NOUN bracis-33629 135 17 points point NOUN bracis-33629 135 18 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 136 1 however however ADV bracis-33629 136 2 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 136 3 the the DET bracis-33629 136 4 same same ADJ bracis-33629 136 5 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-33629 136 6 only only ADV bracis-33629 136 7 provides provide VERB bracis-33629 136 8 1 1 NUM bracis-33629 136 9 test test NOUN bracis-33629 136 10 data datum NOUN bracis-33629 136 11 point point NOUN bracis-33629 136 12 in in ADP bracis-33629 136 13 a a DET bracis-33629 136 14 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 136 15 task task NOUN bracis-33629 136 16 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 136 17 as as SCONJ bracis-33629 136 18 observed observe VERB bracis-33629 136 19 in in ADP bracis-33629 136 20 fig fig NOUN bracis-33629 136 21 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 136 22     SPACE bracis-33629 137 1 1 1 X bracis-33629 137 2 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 138 1 this this DET bracis-33629 138 2 discrepancy discrepancy NOUN bracis-33629 138 3 arises arise VERB bracis-33629 138 4 because because SCONJ bracis-33629 138 5 the the DET bracis-33629 138 6 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 138 7 task task NOUN bracis-33629 138 8 aims aim VERB bracis-33629 138 9 to to PART bracis-33629 138 10 estimate estimate VERB bracis-33629 138 11 the the DET bracis-33629 138 12 overall overall ADJ bracis-33629 138 13 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-33629 138 14 in in ADP bracis-33629 138 15 a a DET bracis-33629 138 16 batch batch NOUN bracis-33629 138 17 of of ADP bracis-33629 138 18 data datum NOUN bracis-33629 138 19 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 138 20 resulting result VERB bracis-33629 138 21 in in ADP bracis-33629 138 22 a a DET bracis-33629 138 23 single single ADJ bracis-33629 138 24 prediction prediction NOUN bracis-33629 138 25 for for ADP bracis-33629 138 26 the the DET bracis-33629 138 27 entire entire ADJ bracis-33629 138 28 batch batch NOUN bracis-33629 138 29 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 138 30 unlike unlike ADP bracis-33629 138 31 classification classification NOUN bracis-33629 138 32 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 138 33 which which PRON bracis-33629 138 34 involves involve VERB bracis-33629 138 35 n n DET bracis-33629 138 36 predictions prediction NOUN bracis-33629 138 37 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 139 1 various various ADJ bracis-33629 139 2 evaluation evaluation NOUN bracis-33629 139 3 protocols protocol NOUN bracis-33629 139 4 for for ADP bracis-33629 139 5 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 139 6 have have AUX bracis-33629 139 7 been be AUX bracis-33629 139 8 proposed propose VERB bracis-33629 139 9 to to PART bracis-33629 139 10 address address VERB bracis-33629 139 11 this this DET bracis-33629 139 12 challenge challenge NOUN bracis-33629 139 13 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 139 14 such such ADJ bracis-33629 139 15 as as ADP bracis-33629 139 16 the the DET bracis-33629 139 17 artificial artificial ADJ bracis-33629 139 18 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 139 19 protocol protocol NOUN bracis-33629 139 20 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 139 21 app app PROPN bracis-33629 139 22 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 140 1 [ [ X bracis-33629 140 2 24 24 NUM bracis-33629 140 3 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 140 4 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 141 1 app app PROPN bracis-33629 141 2 is be AUX bracis-33629 141 3 a a DET bracis-33629 141 4 widely widely ADV bracis-33629 141 5 used use VERB bracis-33629 141 6 evaluation evaluation NOUN bracis-33629 141 7 protocol protocol NOUN bracis-33629 141 8 for for ADP bracis-33629 141 9 assessing assess VERB bracis-33629 141 10 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 141 11 algorithms algorithm NOUN bracis-33629 141 12 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 142 1 it it PRON bracis-33629 142 2 involves involve VERB bracis-33629 142 3 extracting extract VERB bracis-33629 142 4 multiple multiple ADJ bracis-33629 142 5 samples sample NOUN bracis-33629 142 6 from from ADP bracis-33629 142 7 a a DET bracis-33629 142 8 test test NOUN bracis-33629 142 9 dataset dataset VERB bracis-33629 142 10 with with ADP bracis-33629 142 11 controlled control VERB bracis-33629 142 12 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 142 13 values value NOUN bracis-33629 142 14 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 142 15 simulating simulate VERB bracis-33629 142 16 scenarios scenario NOUN bracis-33629 142 17 where where SCONJ bracis-33629 142 18 class class NOUN bracis-33629 142 19 prevalences prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 142 20 differ differ VERB bracis-33629 142 21 between between ADP bracis-33629 142 22 training training NOUN bracis-33629 142 23 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 142 24 test test NOUN bracis-33629 142 25 sets set NOUN bracis-33629 142 26 to to PART bracis-33629 142 27 evaluate evaluate VERB bracis-33629 142 28 the the DET bracis-33629 142 29 robustness robustness NOUN bracis-33629 142 30 of of ADP bracis-33629 142 31 quantifiers quantifier NOUN bracis-33629 142 32 to to ADP bracis-33629 142 33 prior prior ADJ bracis-33629 142 34 probability probability NOUN bracis-33629 142 35 shifts shift NOUN bracis-33629 142 36 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 143 1 the the DET bracis-33629 143 2 steps step NOUN bracis-33629 143 3 of of ADP bracis-33629 143 4 app app NOUN bracis-33629 143 5 include include VERB bracis-33629 143 6 extracting extract VERB bracis-33629 143 7 samples sample NOUN bracis-33629 143 8 with with ADP bracis-33629 143 9 predefined predefine VERB bracis-33629 143 10 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 143 11 values value NOUN bracis-33629 143 12 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 143 13 generating generate VERB bracis-33629 143 14 test test NOUN bracis-33629 143 15 samples sample NOUN bracis-33629 143 16 by by ADP bracis-33629 143 17 subsampling subsample VERB bracis-33629 143 18 the the DET bracis-33629 143 19 positive positive ADJ bracis-33629 143 20 class class NOUN bracis-33629 143 21 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 143 22 applying apply VERB bracis-33629 143 23 the the DET bracis-33629 143 24 quantifier quantifier NOUN bracis-33629 143 25 to to PART bracis-33629 143 26 estimate estimate VERB bracis-33629 143 27 class class NOUN bracis-33629 143 28 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 143 29 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 143 30 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 143 31 comparing compare VERB bracis-33629 143 32 estimated estimate VERB bracis-33629 143 33 prevalences prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 143 34 with with ADP bracis-33629 143 35 true true ADJ bracis-33629 143 36 prevalences prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 143 37 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 144 1 a a DET bracis-33629 144 2 more more ADV bracis-33629 144 3 recent recent ADJ bracis-33629 144 4 protocol protocol NOUN bracis-33629 144 5 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 144 6 the the DET bracis-33629 144 7 uniform uniform ADJ bracis-33629 144 8 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 144 9 protocol protocol NOUN bracis-33629 144 10 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 144 11 upp upp PROPN bracis-33629 144 12 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 145 1 [ [ X bracis-33629 145 2 6 6 NUM bracis-33629 145 3 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 145 4 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 145 5 represents represent VERB bracis-33629 145 6 a a DET bracis-33629 145 7 modification modification NOUN bracis-33629 145 8 of of ADP bracis-33629 145 9 app app NOUN bracis-33629 145 10 designed design VERB bracis-33629 145 11 to to PART bracis-33629 145 12 generate generate VERB bracis-33629 145 13 artificial artificial ADJ bracis-33629 145 14 samples sample NOUN bracis-33629 145 15 with with ADP bracis-33629 145 16 diverse diverse ADJ bracis-33629 145 17 class class NOUN bracis-33629 145 18 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 145 19 values value NOUN bracis-33629 145 20 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 146 1 unlike unlike ADP bracis-33629 146 2 app app PROPN bracis-33629 146 3 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 146 4 upp upp PROPN bracis-33629 146 5 does do AUX bracis-33629 146 6 not not PART bracis-33629 146 7 depend depend VERB bracis-33629 146 8 on on ADP bracis-33629 146 9 a a DET bracis-33629 146 10 predefined predefine VERB bracis-33629 146 11 set set NOUN bracis-33629 146 12 of of ADP bracis-33629 146 13 class class NOUN bracis-33629 146 14 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 146 15 values value NOUN bracis-33629 146 16 ; ; PUNCT bracis-33629 146 17 instead instead ADV bracis-33629 146 18 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 146 19 it it PRON bracis-33629 146 20 employs employ VERB bracis-33629 146 21 kraemer kraemer PROPN bracis-33629 146 22 ’s ’s PART bracis-33629 146 23 algorithm algorithm NOUN bracis-33629 147 1 [ [ X bracis-33629 147 2 27 27 NUM bracis-33629 147 3 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 147 4 to to PART bracis-33629 147 5 allow allow VERB bracis-33629 147 6 these these DET bracis-33629 147 7 values value NOUN bracis-33629 147 8 to to PART bracis-33629 147 9 vary vary VERB bracis-33629 147 10 randomly randomly ADV bracis-33629 147 11 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 148 1 this this DET bracis-33629 148 2 flexibility flexibility NOUN bracis-33629 148 3 enables enable VERB bracis-33629 148 4 upp upp PROPN bracis-33629 148 5 to to PART bracis-33629 148 6 offer offer VERB bracis-33629 148 7 several several ADJ bracis-33629 148 8 advantages advantage NOUN bracis-33629 148 9 over over ADP bracis-33629 148 10 app app PROPN bracis-33629 148 11 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 148 12 such such ADJ bracis-33629 148 13 as as ADP bracis-33629 148 14 permitting permit VERB bracis-33629 148 15 users user NOUN bracis-33629 148 16 to to PART bracis-33629 148 17 specify specify VERB bracis-33629 148 18 the the DET bracis-33629 148 19 desired desire VERB bracis-33629 148 20 number number NOUN bracis-33629 148 21 of of ADP bracis-33629 148 22 samples sample NOUN bracis-33629 148 23 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 148 24 facilitating facilitate VERB bracis-33629 148 25 the the DET bracis-33629 148 26 selection selection NOUN bracis-33629 148 27 of of ADP bracis-33629 148 28 any any DET bracis-33629 148 29 conceivable conceivable ADJ bracis-33629 148 30 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-33629 148 31 vector vector NOUN bracis-33629 148 32 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 149 1 these these DET bracis-33629 149 2 capabilities capability NOUN bracis-33629 149 3 are be AUX bracis-33629 149 4 crucial crucial ADJ bracis-33629 149 5 for for ADP bracis-33629 149 6 scenarios scenario NOUN bracis-33629 149 7 where where SCONJ bracis-33629 149 8 the the DET bracis-33629 149 9 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-33629 149 10 of of ADP bracis-33629 149 11 class class NOUN bracis-33629 149 12 prevalences prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 149 13 is be AUX bracis-33629 149 14 complex complex ADJ bracis-33629 149 15 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 149 16 not not PART bracis-33629 149 17 easily easily ADV bracis-33629 149 18 captured capture VERB bracis-33629 149 19 by by ADP bracis-33629 149 20 a a DET bracis-33629 149 21 fixed fix VERB bracis-33629 149 22 grid grid NOUN bracis-33629 149 23 of of ADP bracis-33629 149 24 values value NOUN bracis-33629 149 25 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 150 1 to to PART bracis-33629 150 2 conduct conduct VERB bracis-33629 150 3 our our PRON bracis-33629 150 4 experiments experiment NOUN bracis-33629 150 5 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 150 6 we we PRON bracis-33629 150 7 chose choose VERB bracis-33629 150 8 the the DET bracis-33629 150 9 upp upp PROPN bracis-33629 150 10 . . PROPN bracis-33629 150 11 3.4 3.4 NUM bracis-33629 150 12 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 150 13 evaluation evaluation NOUN bracis-33629 150 14 metric metric NOUN bracis-33629 150 15 to to PART bracis-33629 150 16 evaluate evaluate VERB bracis-33629 150 17 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 150 18 compare compare VERB bracis-33629 150 19 our our PRON bracis-33629 150 20 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 150 21 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 150 22 we we PRON bracis-33629 150 23 employ employ VERB bracis-33629 150 24 the the DET bracis-33629 150 25 absolute absolute ADJ bracis-33629 150 26 error error NOUN bracis-33629 150 27 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 150 28 ae ae PROPN bracis-33629 150 29 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 150 30 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 150 31 a a DET bracis-33629 150 32 common common ADJ bracis-33629 150 33 measure measure NOUN bracis-33629 150 34 used use VERB bracis-33629 150 35 in in ADP bracis-33629 150 36 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 150 37 evaluation evaluation NOUN bracis-33629 150 38 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 151 1 this this DET bracis-33629 151 2 metric metric ADJ bracis-33629 151 3 calculates calculate VERB bracis-33629 151 4 the the DET bracis-33629 151 5 absolute absolute ADJ bracis-33629 151 6 difference difference NOUN bracis-33629 151 7 between between ADP bracis-33629 151 8 the the DET bracis-33629 151 9 estimated estimate VERB bracis-33629 151 10 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 151 11 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 151 12 the the DET bracis-33629 151 13 true true ADJ bracis-33629 151 14 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 151 15 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 151 16 providing provide VERB bracis-33629 151 17 a a DET bracis-33629 151 18 quantitative quantitative ADJ bracis-33629 151 19 assessment assessment NOUN bracis-33629 151 20 of of ADP bracis-33629 151 21 accuracy accuracy NOUN bracis-33629 151 22 for for ADP bracis-33629 151 23 the the DET bracis-33629 151 24 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 151 25 estimates estimate NOUN bracis-33629 151 26 obtained obtain VERB bracis-33629 151 27 from from ADP bracis-33629 151 28 the the DET bracis-33629 151 29 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 151 30 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 151 31 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 152 1 the the DET bracis-33629 152 2 formula formula NOUN bracis-33629 152 3 for for ADP bracis-33629 152 4 ae ae PROPN bracis-33629 152 5 is be AUX bracis-33629 152 6 given give VERB bracis-33629 152 7 by by ADP bracis-33629 152 8 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 152 9 $ $ SYM bracis-33629 152 10 $ $ SYM bracis-33629 152 11 \begin{aligned \begin{aligne VERB bracis-33629 152 12 } } PUNCT bracis-33629 152 13 \text \text ADP bracis-33629 152 14 { { PUNCT bracis-33629 152 15 ae}(p ae}(p NOUN bracis-33629 152 16 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 152 17 \hat{p \hat{p NOUN bracis-33629 152 18 } } PUNCT bracis-33629 152 19 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 152 20 = = SYM bracis-33629 152 21 \frac{1}{|y| \frac{1}{|y| X bracis-33629 152 22 } } PUNCT bracis-33629 152 23 \sum \sum NOUN bracis-33629 153 1 _ _ PUNCT bracis-33629 153 2 { { PUNCT bracis-33629 153 3 y y PROPN bracis-33629 153 4 \in \in PROPN bracis-33629 153 5 y y PROPN bracis-33629 153 6 } } PUNCT bracis-33629 153 7 | | ADV bracis-33629 153 8 \hat{p}(y \hat{p}(y PROPN bracis-33629 153 9 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 153 10 p(y p(y PROPN bracis-33629 153 11 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 154 1 | | ADV bracis-33629 154 2 \end{aligned}$$ \end{aligned}$$ X bracis-33629 154 3 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 154 4 1 1 NUM bracis-33629 154 5 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 154 6 where where SCONJ bracis-33629 154 7 \ \ PROPN bracis-33629 154 8 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 154 9 p p NOUN bracis-33629 154 10 \ \ PROPN bracis-33629 154 11 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 154 12 represents represent VERB bracis-33629 154 13 the the DET bracis-33629 154 14 true true ADJ bracis-33629 154 15 class class NOUN bracis-33629 154 16 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 154 17 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 155 1 \ \ PROPN bracis-33629 155 2 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 155 3 \hat{p \hat{p PROPN bracis-33629 155 4 } } PUNCT bracis-33629 155 5 \ \ NOUN bracis-33629 155 6 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 155 7 represents represent VERB bracis-33629 155 8 the the DET bracis-33629 155 9 estimated estimate VERB bracis-33629 155 10 class class NOUN bracis-33629 155 11 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 155 12 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 155 13 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 155 14 \ \ PROPN bracis-33629 155 15 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 155 16 y y PROPN bracis-33629 155 17 \ \ PROPN bracis-33629 155 18 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 155 19 is be AUX bracis-33629 155 20 the the DET bracis-33629 155 21 set set NOUN bracis-33629 155 22 of of ADP bracis-33629 155 23 classes class NOUN bracis-33629 155 24 of of ADP bracis-33629 155 25 interest interest NOUN bracis-33629 155 26 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 156 1 the the DET bracis-33629 156 2 mean mean ADJ bracis-33629 156 3 absolute absolute ADJ bracis-33629 156 4 error error NOUN bracis-33629 156 5 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 156 6 mae mae PROPN bracis-33629 156 7 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 156 8 provides provide VERB bracis-33629 156 9 a a DET bracis-33629 156 10 straightforward straightforward ADJ bracis-33629 156 11 assessment assessment NOUN bracis-33629 156 12 of of ADP bracis-33629 156 13 the the DET bracis-33629 156 14 overall overall ADJ bracis-33629 156 15 accuracy accuracy NOUN bracis-33629 156 16 of of ADP bracis-33629 156 17 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 156 18 estimates estimate NOUN bracis-33629 156 19 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 156 20 it it PRON bracis-33629 156 21 simply simply ADV bracis-33629 156 22 returns return VERB bracis-33629 156 23 the the DET bracis-33629 156 24 average average ADJ bracis-33629 156 25 absolute absolute ADJ bracis-33629 156 26 error error NOUN bracis-33629 156 27 between between ADP bracis-33629 156 28 the the DET bracis-33629 156 29 estimated estimated ADJ bracis-33629 156 30 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 156 31 true true ADJ bracis-33629 156 32 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 156 33 values value NOUN bracis-33629 156 34 for for ADP bracis-33629 156 35 all all DET bracis-33629 156 36 classes class NOUN bracis-33629 156 37 of of ADP bracis-33629 156 38 interest interest NOUN bracis-33629 156 39 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 157 1 4 4 NUM bracis-33629 157 2 experimental experimental ADJ bracis-33629 157 3 setup setup NOUN bracis-33629 157 4 we we PRON bracis-33629 157 5 selected select VERB bracis-33629 157 6 an an DET bracis-33629 157 7 l2 l2 NOUN bracis-33629 157 8 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 157 9 regularized regularize VERB bracis-33629 157 10 logistic logistic ADJ bracis-33629 157 11 regression regression NOUN bracis-33629 157 12 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 157 13 lr lr NOUN bracis-33629 157 14 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 157 15 classifier classifier NOUN bracis-33629 157 16 as as ADP bracis-33629 157 17 the the DET bracis-33629 157 18 underlying underlie VERB bracis-33629 157 19 model model NOUN bracis-33629 157 20 for for ADP bracis-33629 157 21 our our PRON bracis-33629 157 22 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 157 23 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 157 24 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 157 25 except except SCONJ bracis-33629 157 26 for for ADP bracis-33629 157 27 svm(mae svm(mae PROPN bracis-33629 157 28 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 157 29 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 157 30 which which PRON bracis-33629 157 31 uses use VERB bracis-33629 157 32 svmperf svmperf NOUN bracis-33629 157 33 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 158 1 logistic logistic ADJ bracis-33629 158 2 regression regression NOUN bracis-33629 158 3 classifiers classifier NOUN bracis-33629 158 4 offer offer VERB bracis-33629 158 5 well well ADV bracis-33629 158 6 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 158 7 calibrated calibrate VERB bracis-33629 158 8 posterior posterior ADJ bracis-33629 158 9 probabilities probability NOUN bracis-33629 158 10 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 158 11 essential essential ADJ bracis-33629 158 12 for for ADP bracis-33629 158 13 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 158 14 like like ADP bracis-33629 158 15 pcc pcc NOUN bracis-33629 158 16 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 158 17 pacc pacc NOUN bracis-33629 158 18 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 158 19 dys dys ADJ bracis-33629 158 20 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 158 21 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 158 22 sld sld PROPN bracis-33629 159 1 [ [ X bracis-33629 159 2 12 12 NUM bracis-33629 159 3 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 159 4 22 22 NUM bracis-33629 159 5 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 159 6 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 159 7 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 159 8 it it PRON bracis-33629 159 9 is be AUX bracis-33629 159 10 widely widely ADV bracis-33629 159 11 used use VERB bracis-33629 159 12 in in ADP bracis-33629 159 13 the the DET bracis-33629 159 14 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 159 15 literature literature NOUN bracis-33629 160 1 [ [ X bracis-33629 160 2 4 4 NUM bracis-33629 160 3 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 160 4 12 12 NUM bracis-33629 160 5 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 160 6 20 20 NUM bracis-33629 160 7 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 160 8 22 22 NUM bracis-33629 160 9 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 160 10 26 26 NUM bracis-33629 160 11 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 160 12 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 161 1 we we PRON bracis-33629 161 2 begin begin VERB bracis-33629 161 3 with with ADP bracis-33629 161 4 text text NOUN bracis-33629 161 5 preprocessing preprocessing NOUN bracis-33629 161 6 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 161 7 which which PRON bracis-33629 161 8 includes include VERB bracis-33629 161 9 converting convert VERB bracis-33629 161 10 text text NOUN bracis-33629 161 11 to to PART bracis-33629 161 12 lowercase lowercase VERB bracis-33629 161 13 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 161 14 removing remove VERB bracis-33629 161 15 accents accent NOUN bracis-33629 161 16 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 161 17 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 161 18 eliminating eliminate VERB bracis-33629 161 19 punctuation punctuation NOUN bracis-33629 161 20 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 161 21 special special ADJ bracis-33629 161 22 characters character NOUN bracis-33629 161 23 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 162 1 feature feature NOUN bracis-33629 162 2 extraction extraction NOUN bracis-33629 162 3 is be AUX bracis-33629 162 4 performed perform VERB bracis-33629 162 5 using use VERB bracis-33629 162 6 tf tf PROPN bracis-33629 162 7 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 162 8 idf idf PROPN bracis-33629 162 9 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 162 10 discarding discard VERB bracis-33629 162 11 features feature NOUN bracis-33629 162 12 that that PRON bracis-33629 162 13 appear appear VERB bracis-33629 162 14 in in ADP bracis-33629 162 15 fewer few ADJ bracis-33629 162 16 than than ADP bracis-33629 162 17 5 5 NUM bracis-33629 162 18 training training NOUN bracis-33629 162 19 documents document NOUN bracis-33629 162 20 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 163 1 the the DET bracis-33629 163 2 experiment experiment NOUN bracis-33629 163 3 is be AUX bracis-33629 163 4 evaluated evaluate VERB bracis-33629 163 5 using use VERB bracis-33629 163 6 k k ADJ bracis-33629 163 7 - - ADJ bracis-33629 163 8 fold fold ADJ bracis-33629 163 9 cross cross NOUN bracis-33629 163 10 - - NOUN bracis-33629 163 11 validation validation ADJ bracis-33629 163 12 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 163 13 kcv kcv PROPN bracis-33629 163 14 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 163 15 with with ADP bracis-33629 163 16 \ \ PROPN bracis-33629 163 17 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 163 18 k k NOUN bracis-33629 163 19 = = SYM bracis-33629 163 20 3 3 NUM bracis-33629 163 21 \ \ NOUN bracis-33629 163 22 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 163 23 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 164 1 for for ADP bracis-33629 164 2 every every DET bracis-33629 164 3 unique unique ADJ bracis-33629 164 4 tuple tuple NOUN bracis-33629 164 5 \((p(\text \((p(\text PRON bracis-33629 164 6 { { PUNCT bracis-33629 164 7 positive positive ADJ bracis-33629 164 8 } } PUNCT bracis-33629 164 9 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 164 10 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 164 11 p(\text p(\text PROPN bracis-33629 164 12 { { PUNCT bracis-33629 164 13 negative}))\ negative}))\ PROPN bracis-33629 164 14 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 164 15 representing represent VERB bracis-33629 164 16 class class NOUN bracis-33629 164 17 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 164 18 values value NOUN bracis-33629 164 19 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 164 20 where where SCONJ bracis-33629 164 21 each each DET bracis-33629 164 22 class class NOUN bracis-33629 164 23 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 164 24 is be AUX bracis-33629 164 25 uniformly uniformly ADV bracis-33629 164 26 drawn draw VERB bracis-33629 164 27 from from ADP bracis-33629 164 28 the the DET bracis-33629 164 29 unit unit NOUN bracis-33629 164 30 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 164 31 simplex simplex NOUN bracis-33629 164 32 [ [ X bracis-33629 164 33 27 27 NUM bracis-33629 164 34 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 164 35 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 164 36 we we PRON bracis-33629 164 37 generate generate VERB bracis-33629 164 38 \(m\ \(m\ ADJ bracis-33629 164 39 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 164 40 random random ADJ bracis-33629 164 41 samples sample NOUN bracis-33629 164 42 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 164 43 each each PRON bracis-33629 164 44 containing contain VERB bracis-33629 164 45 \(q\ \(q\ NOUN bracis-33629 164 46 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 164 47 documents document NOUN bracis-33629 164 48 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 165 1 these these DET bracis-33629 165 2 samples sample NOUN bracis-33629 165 3 are be AUX bracis-33629 165 4 created create VERB bracis-33629 165 5 to to PART bracis-33629 165 6 reflect reflect VERB bracis-33629 165 7 the the DET bracis-33629 165 8 class class NOUN bracis-33629 165 9 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 165 10 values value NOUN bracis-33629 165 11 specified specify VERB bracis-33629 165 12 by by ADP bracis-33629 165 13 the the DET bracis-33629 165 14 tuple tuple NOUN bracis-33629 165 15 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 166 1 in in ADP bracis-33629 166 2 these these DET bracis-33629 166 3 experiments experiment NOUN bracis-33629 166 4 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 166 5 we we PRON bracis-33629 166 6 set set VERB bracis-33629 166 7 \(m \(m NOUN bracis-33629 166 8 = = SYM bracis-33629 166 9 1000\ 1000\ NUM bracis-33629 166 10 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 166 11 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 166 12 evaluated evaluate VERB bracis-33629 166 13 multiple multiple ADJ bracis-33629 166 14 values value NOUN bracis-33629 166 15 of of ADP bracis-33629 166 16 \(q\ \(q\ NOUN bracis-33629 166 17 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 166 18 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 166 19 20 20 NUM bracis-33629 166 20 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 166 21 50 50 NUM bracis-33629 166 22 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 166 23 100 100 NUM bracis-33629 166 24 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 166 25 500 500 NUM bracis-33629 166 26 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 166 27 to to PART bracis-33629 166 28 consider consider VERB bracis-33629 166 29 the the DET bracis-33629 166 30 impact impact NOUN bracis-33629 166 31 of of ADP bracis-33629 166 32 test test NOUN bracis-33629 166 33 size size NOUN bracis-33629 166 34 on on ADP bracis-33629 166 35 performance performance NOUN bracis-33629 166 36 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 166 37 as as SCONJ bracis-33629 166 38 demonstrated demonstrate VERB bracis-33629 166 39 in in ADP bracis-33629 166 40 [ [ X bracis-33629 166 41 17 17 NUM bracis-33629 166 42 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 166 43 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 167 1 for for ADP bracis-33629 167 2 each each DET bracis-33629 167 3 label label NOUN bracis-33629 167 4 \(y\ \(y\ NOUN bracis-33629 167 5 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 167 6 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 167 7 denoting denote VERB bracis-33629 167 8 positive positive ADJ bracis-33629 167 9 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 167 10 negative negative ADJ bracis-33629 167 11 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 167 12 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 167 13 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 167 14 for for ADP bracis-33629 167 15 each each DET bracis-33629 167 16 sample sample NOUN bracis-33629 167 17 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 167 18 the the DET bracis-33629 167 19 extraction extraction NOUN bracis-33629 167 20 is be AUX bracis-33629 167 21 performed perform VERB bracis-33629 167 22 using use VERB bracis-33629 167 23 sampling sample VERB bracis-33629 167 24 without without ADP bracis-33629 167 25 replacement replacement NOUN bracis-33629 167 26 if if SCONJ bracis-33629 167 27 there there PRON bracis-33629 167 28 are be VERB bracis-33629 167 29 sufficient sufficient ADJ bracis-33629 167 30 samples sample NOUN bracis-33629 167 31 in in ADP bracis-33629 167 32 the the DET bracis-33629 167 33 training training NOUN bracis-33629 167 34 set set NOUN bracis-33629 167 35 ; ; PUNCT bracis-33629 167 36 otherwise otherwise ADV bracis-33629 167 37 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 167 38 sampling sample VERB bracis-33629 167 39 is be AUX bracis-33629 167 40 done do VERB bracis-33629 167 41 with with ADP bracis-33629 167 42 replacement replacement NOUN bracis-33629 167 43 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 168 1 we we PRON bracis-33629 168 2 perform perform VERB bracis-33629 168 3 hyperparameter hyperparameter NOUN bracis-33629 168 4 optimization optimization NOUN bracis-33629 168 5 on on ADP bracis-33629 168 6 the the DET bracis-33629 168 7 underlying underlie VERB bracis-33629 168 8 classifiers classifier NOUN bracis-33629 168 9 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 168 10 svmperf svmperf NOUN bracis-33629 168 11 for for ADP bracis-33629 168 12 the the DET bracis-33629 168 13 svm(mae svm(mae PROPN bracis-33629 168 14 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 168 15 method method NOUN bracis-33629 168 16 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 168 17 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 168 18 logistic logistic ADJ bracis-33629 168 19 regression regression NOUN bracis-33629 168 20 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 168 21 lr lr NOUN bracis-33629 168 22 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 168 23 for for ADP bracis-33629 168 24 all all DET bracis-33629 168 25 the the DET bracis-33629 168 26 others other NOUN bracis-33629 168 27 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 169 1 as as SCONJ bracis-33629 169 2 highlighted highlight VERB bracis-33629 169 3 in in ADP bracis-33629 169 4 previous previous ADJ bracis-33629 169 5 research research NOUN bracis-33629 169 6 [ [ X bracis-33629 169 7 21 21 NUM bracis-33629 169 8 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 169 9 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 169 10 this this DET bracis-33629 169 11 step step NOUN bracis-33629 169 12 is be AUX bracis-33629 169 13 important important ADJ bracis-33629 169 14 for for ADP bracis-33629 169 15 mitigating mitigate VERB bracis-33629 169 16 bias bias NOUN bracis-33629 169 17 in in ADP bracis-33629 169 18 the the DET bracis-33629 169 19 experimentation experimentation NOUN bracis-33629 169 20 of of ADP bracis-33629 169 21 aggregative aggregative ADJ bracis-33629 169 22 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 169 23 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 169 24 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 170 1 the the DET bracis-33629 170 2 optimization optimization NOUN bracis-33629 170 3 must must AUX bracis-33629 170 4 be be AUX bracis-33629 170 5 conducted conduct VERB bracis-33629 170 6 using use VERB bracis-33629 170 7 a a DET bracis-33629 170 8 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 170 9 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 170 10 oriented orient VERB bracis-33629 170 11 loss loss NOUN bracis-33629 170 12 rather rather ADV bracis-33629 170 13 than than ADP bracis-33629 170 14 a a DET bracis-33629 170 15 classification classification NOUN bracis-33629 170 16 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 170 17 oriented orient VERB bracis-33629 170 18 loss loss NOUN bracis-33629 170 19 [ [ X bracis-33629 170 20 22 22 NUM bracis-33629 170 21 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 170 22 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 171 1 therefore therefore ADV bracis-33629 171 2 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 171 3 we we PRON bracis-33629 171 4 optimize optimize VERB bracis-33629 171 5 the the DET bracis-33629 171 6 mean mean ADJ bracis-33629 171 7 absolute absolute ADJ bracis-33629 171 8 error error NOUN bracis-33629 171 9 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 171 10 mae mae PROPN bracis-33629 171 11 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 171 12 on on ADP bracis-33629 171 13 a a DET bracis-33629 171 14 validation validation NOUN bracis-33629 171 15 set set NOUN bracis-33629 171 16 composed compose VERB bracis-33629 171 17 of of ADP bracis-33629 171 18 30 30 NUM bracis-33629 171 19 % % NOUN bracis-33629 171 20 of of ADP bracis-33629 171 21 the the DET bracis-33629 171 22 complete complete ADJ bracis-33629 171 23 training training NOUN bracis-33629 171 24 set set NOUN bracis-33629 171 25 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 172 1 to to PART bracis-33629 172 2 execute execute VERB bracis-33629 172 3 this this DET bracis-33629 172 4 optimization optimization NOUN bracis-33629 172 5 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 172 6 we we PRON bracis-33629 172 7 apply apply VERB bracis-33629 172 8 the the DET bracis-33629 172 9 uniform uniform ADJ bracis-33629 172 10 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 172 11 protocol protocol NOUN bracis-33629 172 12 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 172 13 upp upp PROPN bracis-33629 172 14 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 172 15 again again ADV bracis-33629 172 16 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 173 1 we we PRON bracis-33629 173 2 extract extract VERB bracis-33629 173 3 \ \ PROPN bracis-33629 173 4 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 173 5 m m NOUN bracis-33629 173 6 \ \ NOUN bracis-33629 173 7 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 173 8 samples sample NOUN bracis-33629 173 9 of of ADP bracis-33629 173 10 \ \ NOUN bracis-33629 173 11 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 173 12 q q NOUN bracis-33629 173 13 \ \ NOUN bracis-33629 173 14 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 173 15 documents document NOUN bracis-33629 173 16 each each PRON bracis-33629 173 17 for for ADP bracis-33629 173 18 every every DET bracis-33629 173 19 combination combination NOUN bracis-33629 173 20 of of ADP bracis-33629 173 21 class class NOUN bracis-33629 173 22 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 173 23 values value NOUN bracis-33629 173 24 from from ADP bracis-33629 173 25 the the DET bracis-33629 173 26 validation validation NOUN bracis-33629 173 27 set set NOUN bracis-33629 173 28 of of ADP bracis-33629 173 29 each each DET bracis-33629 173 30 fold fold NOUN bracis-33629 173 31 in in ADP bracis-33629 173 32 the the DET bracis-33629 173 33 k k ADJ bracis-33629 173 34 - - ADJ bracis-33629 173 35 fold fold ADJ bracis-33629 173 36 cross cross NOUN bracis-33629 173 37 - - NOUN bracis-33629 173 38 validation validation ADJ bracis-33629 173 39 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 173 40 kcv kcv NOUN bracis-33629 173 41 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 173 42 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 174 1 the the DET bracis-33629 174 2 class class NOUN bracis-33629 174 3 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 174 4 values value NOUN bracis-33629 174 5 are be AUX bracis-33629 174 6 uniformly uniformly ADV bracis-33629 174 7 selected select VERB bracis-33629 174 8 from from ADP bracis-33629 174 9 the the DET bracis-33629 174 10 unit unit NOUN bracis-33629 174 11 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 174 12 simplex simplex NOUN bracis-33629 174 13 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 175 1 in in ADP bracis-33629 175 2 this this DET bracis-33629 175 3 context context NOUN bracis-33629 175 4 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 175 5 \ \ PROPN bracis-33629 175 6 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 175 7 m m NOUN bracis-33629 175 8 ' ' PART bracis-33629 175 9 \ \ NOUN bracis-33629 175 10 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 175 11 is be AUX bracis-33629 175 12 a a DET bracis-33629 175 13 constant constant ADJ bracis-33629 175 14 set set NOUN bracis-33629 175 15 to to ADP bracis-33629 175 16 200 200 NUM bracis-33629 175 17 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 175 18 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 175 19 the the DET bracis-33629 175 20 value value NOUN bracis-33629 175 21 of of ADP bracis-33629 175 22 \(q'\ \(q'\ PROPN bracis-33629 175 23 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 175 24 varies vary VERB bracis-33629 175 25 along along ADP bracis-33629 175 26 with with ADP bracis-33629 175 27 \(q\ \(q\ NOUN bracis-33629 175 28 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 175 29 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 176 1 the the DET bracis-33629 176 2 optimization optimization NOUN bracis-33629 176 3 is be AUX bracis-33629 176 4 conducted conduct VERB bracis-33629 176 5 using use VERB bracis-33629 176 6 the the DET bracis-33629 176 7 grid grid NOUN bracis-33629 176 8 search search NOUN bracis-33629 176 9 method method NOUN bracis-33629 176 10 [ [ X bracis-33629 176 11 15 15 NUM bracis-33629 176 12 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 176 13 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 177 1 the the DET bracis-33629 177 2 parameters parameter NOUN bracis-33629 177 3 optimized optimize VERB bracis-33629 177 4 for for ADP bracis-33629 177 5 lr lr NOUN bracis-33629 177 6 are be AUX bracis-33629 177 7 the the DET bracis-33629 177 8 regularization regularization NOUN bracis-33629 177 9 strength strength NOUN bracis-33629 177 10 \ \ PROPN bracis-33629 177 11 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 177 12 c c NOUN bracis-33629 177 13 \ \ PROPN bracis-33629 177 14 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 177 15 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 177 16 ranging range VERB bracis-33629 177 17 from from ADP bracis-33629 177 18 \ \ PROPN bracis-33629 177 19 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 177 20 10^{-3 10^{-3 NUM bracis-33629 177 21 } } PUNCT bracis-33629 177 22 \ \ NOUN bracis-33629 177 23 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 177 24 to to ADP bracis-33629 177 25 \ \ PROPN bracis-33629 177 26 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 177 27 10 10 NUM bracis-33629 177 28 ^ ^ SYM bracis-33629 177 29 3 3 NUM bracis-33629 177 30 \ \ NOUN bracis-33629 177 31 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 177 32 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 177 33 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 177 34 class class NOUN bracis-33629 177 35 weight weight NOUN bracis-33629 177 36 settings setting NOUN bracis-33629 177 37 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 177 38 either either CCONJ bracis-33629 177 39 ‘ ' PUNCT bracis-33629 177 40 none none NOUN bracis-33629 177 41 ’ ' PUNCT bracis-33629 177 42 or or CCONJ bracis-33629 177 43 ‘ ' PUNCT bracis-33629 177 44 balanced balanced ADJ bracis-33629 177 45 ’ ' PUNCT bracis-33629 177 46 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 177 47 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 178 1 for for ADP bracis-33629 178 2 svmperf svmperf NOUN bracis-33629 178 3 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 178 4 we we PRON bracis-33629 178 5 optimize optimize VERB bracis-33629 178 6 the the DET bracis-33629 178 7 regularization regularization NOUN bracis-33629 178 8 strength strength NOUN bracis-33629 178 9 \ \ PROPN bracis-33629 178 10 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 178 11 c c NOUN bracis-33629 178 12 \ \ NOUN bracis-33629 178 13 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 178 14 over over ADP bracis-33629 178 15 the the DET bracis-33629 178 16 same same ADJ bracis-33629 178 17 range range NOUN bracis-33629 178 18 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 179 1 finally finally ADV bracis-33629 179 2 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 179 3 the the DET bracis-33629 179 4 best good ADJ bracis-33629 179 5 model model NOUN bracis-33629 179 6 obtained obtain VERB bracis-33629 179 7 through through ADP bracis-33629 179 8 this this DET bracis-33629 179 9 process process NOUN bracis-33629 179 10 is be AUX bracis-33629 179 11 re re VERB bracis-33629 179 12 - - VERB bracis-33629 179 13 trained train VERB bracis-33629 179 14 on on ADP bracis-33629 179 15 the the DET bracis-33629 179 16 complete complete ADJ bracis-33629 179 17 training training NOUN bracis-33629 179 18 set set NOUN bracis-33629 179 19 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 179 20 estimates estimate VERB bracis-33629 179 21 the the DET bracis-33629 179 22 class class NOUN bracis-33629 179 23 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 179 24 values value NOUN bracis-33629 179 25 for for ADP bracis-33629 179 26 the the DET bracis-33629 179 27 test test NOUN bracis-33629 179 28 set set NOUN bracis-33629 179 29 of of ADP bracis-33629 179 30 the the DET bracis-33629 179 31 specified specified ADJ bracis-33629 179 32 cross cross ADJ bracis-33629 179 33 - - ADJ bracis-33629 179 34 validation validation ADJ bracis-33629 179 35 fold fold NOUN bracis-33629 179 36 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 180 1 the the DET bracis-33629 180 2 evaluation evaluation NOUN bracis-33629 180 3 metric metric NOUN bracis-33629 180 4 used use VERB bracis-33629 180 5 to to PART bracis-33629 180 6 assess assess VERB bracis-33629 180 7 the the DET bracis-33629 180 8 overall overall ADJ bracis-33629 180 9 accuracy accuracy NOUN bracis-33629 180 10 of of ADP bracis-33629 180 11 the the DET bracis-33629 180 12 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 180 13 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 180 14 is be AUX bracis-33629 180 15 the the DET bracis-33629 180 16 mae mae PROPN bracis-33629 180 17 . . PROPN bracis-33629 180 18 5 5 NUM bracis-33629 180 19 results result NOUN bracis-33629 180 20 in in ADP bracis-33629 180 21 this this DET bracis-33629 180 22 section section NOUN bracis-33629 180 23 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 180 24 we we PRON bracis-33629 180 25 present present VERB bracis-33629 180 26 the the DET bracis-33629 180 27 results result NOUN bracis-33629 180 28 of of ADP bracis-33629 180 29 our our PRON bracis-33629 180 30 evaluation evaluation NOUN bracis-33629 180 31 of of ADP bracis-33629 180 32 various various ADJ bracis-33629 180 33 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 180 34 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 180 35 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 180 36 applied apply VERB bracis-33629 180 37 to to ADP bracis-33629 180 38 brazilian brazilian ADJ bracis-33629 180 39 portuguese portuguese ADJ bracis-33629 180 40 texts text NOUN bracis-33629 180 41 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 181 1 we we PRON bracis-33629 181 2 provide provide VERB bracis-33629 181 3 an an DET bracis-33629 181 4 analysis analysis NOUN bracis-33629 181 5 of of ADP bracis-33629 181 6 the the DET bracis-33629 181 7 performance performance NOUN bracis-33629 181 8 of of ADP bracis-33629 181 9 each each DET bracis-33629 181 10 method method NOUN bracis-33629 181 11 across across ADP bracis-33629 181 12 different different ADJ bracis-33629 181 13 datasets dataset NOUN bracis-33629 181 14 under under ADP bracis-33629 181 15 varying vary VERB bracis-33629 181 16 test test NOUN bracis-33629 181 17 sizes size NOUN bracis-33629 181 18 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 181 19 degrees degree NOUN bracis-33629 181 20 of of ADP bracis-33629 181 21 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 181 22 prevalence prevalence NOUN bracis-33629 181 23 shifts shift NOUN bracis-33629 181 24 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 182 1 5.1 5.1 NUM bracis-33629 182 2 test test NOUN bracis-33629 182 3 size size NOUN bracis-33629 182 4 we we PRON bracis-33629 182 5 begin begin VERB bracis-33629 182 6 by by ADP bracis-33629 182 7 observing observe VERB bracis-33629 182 8 the the DET bracis-33629 182 9 average average ADJ bracis-33629 182 10 results result NOUN bracis-33629 182 11 for for ADP bracis-33629 182 12 all all DET bracis-33629 182 13 test test NOUN bracis-33629 182 14 sizes size NOUN bracis-33629 182 15 displayed display VERB bracis-33629 182 16 in in ADP bracis-33629 182 17 table table NOUN bracis-33629 182 18     SPACE bracis-33629 182 19 2 2 NUM bracis-33629 182 20 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 183 1 the the DET bracis-33629 183 2 results result NOUN bracis-33629 183 3 suggest suggest VERB bracis-33629 183 4 that that SCONJ bracis-33629 183 5 no no DET bracis-33629 183 6 method method NOUN bracis-33629 183 7 achieved achieve VERB bracis-33629 183 8 the the DET bracis-33629 183 9 best good ADJ bracis-33629 183 10 performance performance NOUN bracis-33629 183 11 across across ADP bracis-33629 183 12 all all DET bracis-33629 183 13 datasets dataset NOUN bracis-33629 183 14 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 183 15 test test NOUN bracis-33629 183 16 sizes size NOUN bracis-33629 183 17 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 184 1 each each DET bracis-33629 184 2 method method NOUN bracis-33629 184 3 showed show VERB bracis-33629 184 4 varying vary VERB bracis-33629 184 5 degrees degree NOUN bracis-33629 184 6 of of ADP bracis-33629 184 7 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN bracis-33629 184 8 depending depend VERB bracis-33629 184 9 on on ADP bracis-33629 184 10 the the DET bracis-33629 184 11 specific specific ADJ bracis-33629 184 12 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-33629 184 13 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 184 14 test test NOUN bracis-33629 184 15 size size NOUN bracis-33629 184 16 conditions condition NOUN bracis-33629 184 17 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 185 1 table table NOUN bracis-33629 185 2 2 2 NUM bracis-33629 185 3 . . X bracis-33629 186 1 average average ADJ bracis-33629 186 2 mae mae PROPN bracis-33629 186 3 for for ADP bracis-33629 186 4 each each DET bracis-33629 186 5 method method NOUN bracis-33629 186 6 across across ADP bracis-33629 186 7 all all DET bracis-33629 186 8 test test NOUN bracis-33629 186 9 sizes.full sizes.full NUM bracis-33629 186 10 size size NOUN bracis-33629 186 11 table table NOUN bracis-33629 186 12 we we PRON bracis-33629 186 13 further far ADV bracis-33629 186 14 examined examine VERB bracis-33629 186 15 the the DET bracis-33629 186 16 average average ADJ bracis-33629 186 17 performance performance NOUN bracis-33629 186 18 of of ADP bracis-33629 186 19 the the DET bracis-33629 186 20 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 186 21 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 186 22 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 186 23 using use VERB bracis-33629 186 24 the the DET bracis-33629 186 25 friedman friedman NOUN bracis-33629 186 26 test test NOUN bracis-33629 186 27 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 186 28 the the DET bracis-33629 186 29 nemenyi nemenyi PROPN bracis-33629 186 30 test test NOUN bracis-33629 186 31 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 186 32 as as SCONJ bracis-33629 186 33 illustrated illustrate VERB bracis-33629 186 34 in in ADP bracis-33629 186 35 the the DET bracis-33629 186 36 critical critical ADJ bracis-33629 186 37 difference difference NOUN bracis-33629 186 38 diagram diagram NOUN bracis-33629 186 39 in in ADP bracis-33629 186 40 fig fig NOUN bracis-33629 186 41 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 186 42     SPACE bracis-33629 187 1 2 2 X bracis-33629 187 2 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 188 1 the the DET bracis-33629 188 2 friedman friedman PROPN bracis-33629 188 3 test test NOUN bracis-33629 188 4 yielded yield VERB bracis-33629 188 5 a a DET bracis-33629 188 6 p p NOUN bracis-33629 188 7 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 188 8 value value NOUN bracis-33629 188 9 of of ADP bracis-33629 188 10 0.01 0.01 NUM bracis-33629 188 11 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 188 12 leading lead VERB bracis-33629 188 13 us we PRON bracis-33629 188 14 to to PART bracis-33629 188 15 reject reject VERB bracis-33629 188 16 the the DET bracis-33629 188 17 null null ADJ bracis-33629 188 18 hypothesis hypothesis NOUN bracis-33629 188 19 that that PRON bracis-33629 188 20 all all DET bracis-33629 188 21 algorithms algorithm NOUN bracis-33629 188 22 have have VERB bracis-33629 188 23 the the DET bracis-33629 188 24 same same ADJ bracis-33629 188 25 performance performance NOUN bracis-33629 188 26 at at ADP bracis-33629 188 27 the the DET bracis-33629 188 28 5 5 NUM bracis-33629 188 29 % % NOUN bracis-33629 188 30 significance significance NOUN bracis-33629 188 31 level level NOUN bracis-33629 188 32 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 189 1 this this PRON bracis-33629 189 2 indicates indicate VERB bracis-33629 189 3 statistically statistically ADV bracis-33629 189 4 significant significant ADJ bracis-33629 189 5 differences difference NOUN bracis-33629 189 6 in in ADP bracis-33629 189 7 the the DET bracis-33629 189 8 performance performance NOUN bracis-33629 189 9 of of ADP bracis-33629 189 10 the the DET bracis-33629 189 11 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 189 12 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 189 13 evaluated evaluate VERB bracis-33629 189 14 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 190 1 fig fig NOUN bracis-33629 190 2 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 191 1 2 2 NUM bracis-33629 191 2 . . X bracis-33629 191 3 critical critical ADJ bracis-33629 191 4 difference difference NOUN bracis-33629 191 5 diagram diagram NOUN bracis-33629 191 6 of of ADP bracis-33629 191 7 average average ADJ bracis-33629 191 8 score score NOUN bracis-33629 191 9 ranks rank VERB bracis-33629 191 10 for for ADP bracis-33629 191 11 all all DET bracis-33629 191 12 test test NOUN bracis-33629 191 13 sizes size NOUN bracis-33629 191 14 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 192 1 full full ADJ bracis-33629 192 2 size size NOUN bracis-33629 192 3 image image NOUN bracis-33629 192 4 the the DET bracis-33629 192 5 critical critical ADJ bracis-33629 192 6 difference difference NOUN bracis-33629 192 7 diagram diagram NOUN bracis-33629 192 8 from from ADP bracis-33629 192 9 the the DET bracis-33629 192 10 nemenyi nemenyi NOUN bracis-33629 192 11 post post ADJ bracis-33629 192 12 - - ADJ bracis-33629 192 13 hoc hoc ADJ bracis-33629 192 14 test test NOUN bracis-33629 192 15 further far ADV bracis-33629 192 16 elucidates elucidate VERB bracis-33629 192 17 these these DET bracis-33629 192 18 differences difference NOUN bracis-33629 192 19 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 193 1 it it PRON bracis-33629 193 2 ranks rank VERB bracis-33629 193 3 the the DET bracis-33629 193 4 average average ADJ bracis-33629 193 5 performance performance NOUN bracis-33629 193 6 scores score NOUN bracis-33629 193 7 of of ADP bracis-33629 193 8 the the DET bracis-33629 193 9 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 193 10 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 193 11 where where SCONJ bracis-33629 193 12 lower low ADJ bracis-33629 193 13 ranks rank NOUN bracis-33629 193 14 indicate indicate VERB bracis-33629 193 15 better well ADJ bracis-33629 193 16 performance performance NOUN bracis-33629 193 17 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 194 1 from from ADP bracis-33629 194 2 the the DET bracis-33629 194 3 diagram diagram NOUN bracis-33629 194 4 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 194 5 we we PRON bracis-33629 194 6 observe observe VERB bracis-33629 194 7 that that SCONJ bracis-33629 194 8 the the DET bracis-33629 194 9 kde kde NOUN bracis-33629 194 10 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 194 11 dys dys NOUN bracis-33629 194 12 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 194 13 achieved achieve VERB bracis-33629 194 14 the the DET bracis-33629 194 15 best good ADJ bracis-33629 194 16 average average ADJ bracis-33629 194 17 ranks rank NOUN bracis-33629 194 18 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 194 19 3.2 3.2 NUM bracis-33629 194 20 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 194 21 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 194 22 indicating indicate VERB bracis-33629 194 23 their their PRON bracis-33629 194 24 superior superior ADJ bracis-33629 194 25 overall overall ADJ bracis-33629 194 26 performance performance NOUN bracis-33629 194 27 across across ADP bracis-33629 194 28 the the DET bracis-33629 194 29 datasets dataset NOUN bracis-33629 194 30 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 194 31 test test NOUN bracis-33629 194 32 sizes size NOUN bracis-33629 194 33 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 195 1 notably notably ADV bracis-33629 195 2 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 195 3 they they PRON bracis-33629 195 4 were be AUX bracis-33629 195 5 the the DET bracis-33629 195 6 only only ADJ bracis-33629 195 7 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 195 8 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 195 9 that that PRON bracis-33629 195 10 achieved achieve VERB bracis-33629 195 11 statistically statistically ADV bracis-33629 195 12 significant significant ADJ bracis-33629 195 13 differences difference NOUN bracis-33629 195 14 from from ADP bracis-33629 195 15 the the DET bracis-33629 195 16 baseline baseline PROPN bracis-33629 195 17 cc cc PROPN bracis-33629 195 18 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 196 1 the the DET bracis-33629 196 2 pacc pacc NOUN bracis-33629 196 3 method method NOUN bracis-33629 196 4 followed follow VERB bracis-33629 196 5 closely closely ADV bracis-33629 196 6 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 196 7 demonstrating demonstrate VERB bracis-33629 196 8 strong strong ADJ bracis-33629 196 9 performance performance NOUN bracis-33629 196 10 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 197 1 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 197 2 such such ADJ bracis-33629 197 3 as as ADP bracis-33629 197 4 ms ms PROPN bracis-33629 197 5 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 197 6 acc acc PROPN bracis-33629 197 7 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 197 8 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 197 9 ms2 ms2 NOUN bracis-33629 197 10 exhibited exhibit VERB bracis-33629 197 11 moderate moderate ADJ bracis-33629 197 12 performance performance NOUN bracis-33629 197 13 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 198 1 further far ADV bracis-33629 198 2 down down ADP bracis-33629 198 3 the the DET bracis-33629 198 4 performance performance NOUN bracis-33629 198 5 scale scale NOUN bracis-33629 198 6 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 198 7 the the DET bracis-33629 198 8 sldc sldc ADJ bracis-33629 198 9 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 198 10 hdy hdy PROPN bracis-33629 198 11 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 198 12 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 198 13 max max PROPN bracis-33629 198 14 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 198 15 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 198 16 showed show VERB bracis-33629 198 17 comparatively comparatively ADV bracis-33629 198 18 lower low ADJ bracis-33629 198 19 performance performance NOUN bracis-33629 198 20 but but CCONJ bracis-33629 198 21 were be AUX bracis-33629 198 22 still still ADV bracis-33629 198 23 effective effective ADJ bracis-33629 198 24 in in ADP bracis-33629 198 25 certain certain ADJ bracis-33629 198 26 scenarios scenario NOUN bracis-33629 198 27 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 199 1 the the DET bracis-33629 199 2 pcc pcc PROPN bracis-33629 199 3 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 199 4 svm(mae svm(mae PROPN bracis-33629 199 5 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 199 6 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 199 7 had have VERB bracis-33629 199 8 worse bad ADJ bracis-33629 199 9 average average ADJ bracis-33629 199 10 ranks rank NOUN bracis-33629 199 11 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 199 12 highlighting highlight VERB bracis-33629 199 13 their their PRON bracis-33629 199 14 relative relative ADJ bracis-33629 199 15 underperformance underperformance NOUN bracis-33629 199 16 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 200 1 lastly lastly ADV bracis-33629 200 2 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 200 3 the the DET bracis-33629 200 4 cc cc PROPN bracis-33629 200 5 method method NOUN bracis-33629 200 6 had have VERB bracis-33629 200 7 the the DET bracis-33629 200 8 worst bad ADJ bracis-33629 200 9 average average ADJ bracis-33629 200 10 rank rank NOUN bracis-33629 200 11 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 200 12 confirming confirm VERB bracis-33629 200 13 its its PRON bracis-33629 200 14 limited limited ADJ bracis-33629 200 15 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN bracis-33629 200 16 in in ADP bracis-33629 200 17 the the DET bracis-33629 200 18 contexts contexts NOUN bracis-33629 200 19 tested test VERB bracis-33629 200 20 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 201 1 the the DET bracis-33629 201 2 variability variability NOUN bracis-33629 201 3 in in ADP bracis-33629 201 4 method method NOUN bracis-33629 201 5 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN bracis-33629 201 6 highlights highlight VERB bracis-33629 201 7 the the DET bracis-33629 201 8 importance importance NOUN bracis-33629 201 9 of of ADP bracis-33629 201 10 choosing choose VERB bracis-33629 201 11 the the DET bracis-33629 201 12 right right ADJ bracis-33629 201 13 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 201 14 method method NOUN bracis-33629 201 15 based base VERB bracis-33629 201 16 on on ADP bracis-33629 201 17 specific specific ADJ bracis-33629 201 18 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-33629 201 19 characteristics characteristic NOUN bracis-33629 201 20 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 201 21 test test NOUN bracis-33629 201 22 conditions condition NOUN bracis-33629 201 23 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 202 1 we we PRON bracis-33629 202 2 observed observe VERB bracis-33629 202 3 different different ADJ bracis-33629 202 4 outcomes outcome NOUN bracis-33629 202 5 when when SCONJ bracis-33629 202 6 analyzing analyze VERB bracis-33629 202 7 the the DET bracis-33629 202 8 critical critical ADJ bracis-33629 202 9 difference difference NOUN bracis-33629 202 10 diagram diagram NOUN bracis-33629 202 11 for for ADP bracis-33629 202 12 each each DET bracis-33629 202 13 test test NOUN bracis-33629 202 14 set set VERB bracis-33629 202 15 size size NOUN bracis-33629 202 16 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 203 1 there there PRON bracis-33629 203 2 was be VERB bracis-33629 203 3 no no DET bracis-33629 203 4 statistical statistical ADJ bracis-33629 203 5 difference difference NOUN bracis-33629 203 6 between between ADP bracis-33629 203 7 the the DET bracis-33629 203 8 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 203 9 ’ ' PUNCT bracis-33629 203 10 performances performance NOUN bracis-33629 203 11 for for ADP bracis-33629 203 12 the the DET bracis-33629 203 13 smallest small ADJ bracis-33629 203 14 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 203 15 20 20 NUM bracis-33629 203 16 samples sample NOUN bracis-33629 203 17 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 203 18 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 203 19 the the DET bracis-33629 203 20 biggest big ADJ bracis-33629 203 21 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 203 22 500 500 NUM bracis-33629 203 23 samples sample NOUN bracis-33629 203 24 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 203 25 test test NOUN bracis-33629 203 26 sizes size NOUN bracis-33629 203 27 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 204 1 we we PRON bracis-33629 204 2 could could AUX bracis-33629 204 3 expect expect VERB bracis-33629 204 4 such such ADJ bracis-33629 204 5 behavior behavior NOUN bracis-33629 204 6 for for ADP bracis-33629 204 7 the the DET bracis-33629 204 8 smallest small ADJ bracis-33629 204 9 test test NOUN bracis-33629 204 10 size size NOUN bracis-33629 204 11 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 204 12 as as SCONJ bracis-33629 204 13 evidenced evidence VERB bracis-33629 204 14 by by ADP bracis-33629 204 15 previous previous ADJ bracis-33629 204 16 research research NOUN bracis-33629 204 17 [ [ X bracis-33629 204 18 17 17 NUM bracis-33629 204 19 ] ] PUNCT bracis-33629 204 20 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 204 21 indicating indicate VERB bracis-33629 204 22 that that SCONJ bracis-33629 204 23 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 204 24 generally generally ADV bracis-33629 204 25 perform perform VERB bracis-33629 204 26 poorer poor ADJ bracis-33629 204 27 on on ADP bracis-33629 204 28 small small ADJ bracis-33629 204 29 sizes size NOUN bracis-33629 204 30 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 205 1 as as ADP bracis-33629 205 2 for for ADP bracis-33629 205 3 the the DET bracis-33629 205 4 biggest big ADJ bracis-33629 205 5 size size NOUN bracis-33629 205 6 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 205 7 an an DET bracis-33629 205 8 important important ADJ bracis-33629 205 9 factor factor NOUN bracis-33629 205 10 is be AUX bracis-33629 205 11 the the DET bracis-33629 205 12 original original ADJ bracis-33629 205 13 datasets dataset NOUN bracis-33629 205 14 ’ ' PUNCT bracis-33629 205 15 sizes size NOUN bracis-33629 205 16 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 205 17 the the DET bracis-33629 205 18 sampling sample VERB bracis-33629 205 19 strategy strategy NOUN bracis-33629 205 20 used use VERB bracis-33629 205 21 to to PART bracis-33629 205 22 form form VERB bracis-33629 205 23 the the DET bracis-33629 205 24 500 500 NUM bracis-33629 205 25 documents document NOUN bracis-33629 205 26 with with ADP bracis-33629 205 27 the the DET bracis-33629 205 28 upp upp PROPN bracis-33629 205 29 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 206 1 in in ADP bracis-33629 206 2 this this DET bracis-33629 206 3 case case NOUN bracis-33629 206 4 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 206 5 there there PRON bracis-33629 206 6 was be VERB bracis-33629 206 7 a a DET bracis-33629 206 8 need need NOUN bracis-33629 206 9 to to PART bracis-33629 206 10 apply apply VERB bracis-33629 206 11 sampling sample VERB bracis-33629 206 12 with with ADP bracis-33629 206 13 replacement replacement NOUN bracis-33629 206 14 for for ADP bracis-33629 206 15 3 3 NUM bracis-33629 206 16 out out ADP bracis-33629 206 17 of of ADP bracis-33629 206 18 the the DET bracis-33629 206 19 5 5 NUM bracis-33629 206 20 datasets dataset NOUN bracis-33629 206 21 evaluated evaluate VERB bracis-33629 206 22 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 206 23 books book NOUN bracis-33629 206 24 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 206 25 eleicoes2018 eleicoes2018 PROPN bracis-33629 206 26 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 206 27 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 206 28 sentencas sentencas PROPN bracis-33629 206 29 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 206 30 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 206 31 which which PRON bracis-33629 206 32 implies imply VERB bracis-33629 206 33 oversampling oversample VERB bracis-33629 206 34 the the DET bracis-33629 206 35 training training NOUN bracis-33629 206 36 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 206 37 test test NOUN bracis-33629 206 38 datasets dataset NOUN bracis-33629 206 39 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 207 1 specifically specifically ADV bracis-33629 207 2 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 207 3 sampling sample VERB bracis-33629 207 4 with with ADP bracis-33629 207 5 replacement replacement NOUN bracis-33629 207 6 may may AUX bracis-33629 207 7 result result VERB bracis-33629 207 8 in in ADP bracis-33629 207 9 certain certain ADJ bracis-33629 207 10 examples example NOUN bracis-33629 207 11 being be AUX bracis-33629 207 12 selected select VERB bracis-33629 207 13 multiple multiple ADJ bracis-33629 207 14 times time NOUN bracis-33629 207 15 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 207 16 which which PRON bracis-33629 207 17 could could AUX bracis-33629 207 18 lead lead VERB bracis-33629 207 19 to to ADP bracis-33629 207 20 some some DET bracis-33629 207 21 biases bias NOUN bracis-33629 207 22 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 207 23 such such ADJ bracis-33629 207 24 as as ADP bracis-33629 207 25 reducing reduce VERB bracis-33629 207 26 the the DET bracis-33629 207 27 model model NOUN bracis-33629 207 28 ’s ’s PART bracis-33629 207 29 ability ability NOUN bracis-33629 207 30 to to PART bracis-33629 207 31 generalize generalize VERB bracis-33629 207 32 to to ADP bracis-33629 207 33 truly truly ADV bracis-33629 207 34 unseen unseen ADJ bracis-33629 207 35 data datum NOUN bracis-33629 207 36 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 208 1 we we PRON bracis-33629 208 2 observed observe VERB bracis-33629 208 3 significant significant ADJ bracis-33629 208 4 differences difference NOUN bracis-33629 208 5 for for ADP bracis-33629 208 6 test test NOUN bracis-33629 208 7 sizes size NOUN bracis-33629 208 8 of of ADP bracis-33629 208 9 50 50 NUM bracis-33629 208 10 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 208 11 100 100 NUM bracis-33629 208 12 samples sample NOUN bracis-33629 208 13 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 208 14 as as SCONJ bracis-33629 208 15 illustrated illustrate VERB bracis-33629 208 16 in in ADP bracis-33629 208 17 fig fig NOUN bracis-33629 208 18 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 208 19     SPACE bracis-33629 209 1 3 3 NUM bracis-33629 209 2 . . X bracis-33629 209 3 overall overall ADV bracis-33629 209 4 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 209 5 the the DET bracis-33629 209 6 diagrams diagram NOUN bracis-33629 209 7 highlight highlight VERB bracis-33629 209 8 that that SCONJ bracis-33629 209 9 kde kde PROPN bracis-33629 209 10 achieved achieve VERB bracis-33629 209 11 the the DET bracis-33629 209 12 best good ADJ bracis-33629 209 13 performance performance NOUN bracis-33629 209 14 for for ADP bracis-33629 209 15 both both DET bracis-33629 209 16 test test NOUN bracis-33629 209 17 sizes size NOUN bracis-33629 209 18 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 209 19 was be AUX bracis-33629 209 20 the the DET bracis-33629 209 21 only only ADJ bracis-33629 209 22 method method NOUN bracis-33629 209 23 with with ADP bracis-33629 209 24 statistically statistically ADV bracis-33629 209 25 significant significant ADJ bracis-33629 209 26 differences difference NOUN bracis-33629 209 27 from from ADP bracis-33629 209 28 the the DET bracis-33629 209 29 baseline baseline PROPN bracis-33629 209 30 cc cc PROPN bracis-33629 209 31 . . PROPN bracis-33629 209 32 pacc pacc PROPN bracis-33629 209 33 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 209 34 dys dys NOUN bracis-33629 209 35 consistently consistently ADV bracis-33629 209 36 performed perform VERB bracis-33629 209 37 well well ADV bracis-33629 209 38 across across ADP bracis-33629 209 39 both both DET bracis-33629 209 40 test test NOUN bracis-33629 209 41 sizes size NOUN bracis-33629 209 42 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 209 43 while while SCONJ bracis-33629 209 44 svm(mae svm(mae PROPN bracis-33629 209 45 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 209 46 consistently consistently ADV bracis-33629 209 47 ranked rank VERB bracis-33629 209 48 lower lower ADV bracis-33629 209 49 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 209 50 surpassing surpass VERB bracis-33629 209 51 only only ADV bracis-33629 209 52 the the DET bracis-33629 209 53 baseline baseline NOUN bracis-33629 209 54 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 210 1 fig fig NOUN bracis-33629 210 2 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 211 1 3 3 X bracis-33629 211 2 . . X bracis-33629 211 3 critical critical ADJ bracis-33629 211 4 difference difference NOUN bracis-33629 211 5 diagrams diagram NOUN bracis-33629 211 6 of of ADP bracis-33629 211 7 average average ADJ bracis-33629 211 8 score score NOUN bracis-33629 211 9 ranks rank VERB bracis-33629 211 10 for for ADP bracis-33629 211 11 test test NOUN bracis-33629 211 12 sizes size NOUN bracis-33629 211 13 50 50 NUM bracis-33629 211 14 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 211 15 100 100 NUM bracis-33629 211 16 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 212 1 full full ADJ bracis-33629 212 2 size size NOUN bracis-33629 212 3 image image NOUN bracis-33629 212 4 5.2 5.2 NUM bracis-33629 212 5 distributional distributional ADJ bracis-33629 212 6 shift shift NOUN bracis-33629 212 7 continuing continue VERB bracis-33629 212 8 our our PRON bracis-33629 212 9 analysis analysis NOUN bracis-33629 212 10 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 212 11 we we PRON bracis-33629 212 12 examined examine VERB bracis-33629 212 13 the the DET bracis-33629 212 14 performance performance NOUN bracis-33629 212 15 of of ADP bracis-33629 212 16 our our PRON bracis-33629 212 17 method method NOUN bracis-33629 212 18 concerning concern VERB bracis-33629 212 19 the the DET bracis-33629 212 20 intensity intensity NOUN bracis-33629 212 21 of of ADP bracis-33629 212 22 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-33629 212 23 shifts shift NOUN bracis-33629 212 24 between between ADP bracis-33629 212 25 training training NOUN bracis-33629 212 26 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 212 27 test test NOUN bracis-33629 212 28 sets set NOUN bracis-33629 212 29 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 213 1 we we PRON bracis-33629 213 2 categorized categorize VERB bracis-33629 213 3 these these DET bracis-33629 213 4 shifts shift NOUN bracis-33629 213 5 using use VERB bracis-33629 213 6 the the DET bracis-33629 213 7 manhattan manhattan PROPN bracis-33629 213 8 distance distance NOUN bracis-33629 213 9 to to PART bracis-33629 213 10 measure measure VERB bracis-33629 213 11 the the DET bracis-33629 213 12 dissimilarity dissimilarity NOUN bracis-33629 213 13 between between ADP bracis-33629 213 14 the the DET bracis-33629 213 15 training training NOUN bracis-33629 213 16 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 213 17 test test NOUN bracis-33629 213 18 distributions distribution NOUN bracis-33629 213 19 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 214 1 we we PRON bracis-33629 214 2 considered consider VERB bracis-33629 214 3 a a DET bracis-33629 214 4 shift shift NOUN bracis-33629 214 5 major major NOUN bracis-33629 214 6 if if SCONJ bracis-33629 214 7 the the DET bracis-33629 214 8 distance distance NOUN bracis-33629 214 9 was be AUX bracis-33629 214 10 0.8 0.8 NUM bracis-33629 214 11 or or CCONJ bracis-33629 214 12 higher high ADJ bracis-33629 214 13 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 214 14 minor minor ADJ bracis-33629 214 15 if if SCONJ bracis-33629 214 16 it it PRON bracis-33629 214 17 was be AUX bracis-33629 214 18 less less ADJ bracis-33629 214 19 than than ADP bracis-33629 214 20 0.4 0.4 NUM bracis-33629 214 21 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 214 22 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 214 23 medium medium NOUN bracis-33629 214 24 otherwise otherwise ADV bracis-33629 214 25 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 215 1 figure figure NOUN bracis-33629 215 2     SPACE bracis-33629 215 3 4 4 NUM bracis-33629 215 4 displays display VERB bracis-33629 215 5 the the DET bracis-33629 215 6 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 215 7 ’ ' PUNCT bracis-33629 215 8 average average ADJ bracis-33629 215 9 mae mae PROPN bracis-33629 215 10 across across ADP bracis-33629 215 11 all all DET bracis-33629 215 12 datasets dataset NOUN bracis-33629 215 13 for for ADP bracis-33629 215 14 each each DET bracis-33629 215 15 shift shift NOUN bracis-33629 215 16 intensity intensity NOUN bracis-33629 215 17 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 216 1 as as SCONJ bracis-33629 216 2 expected expect VERB bracis-33629 216 3 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 216 4 the the PRON bracis-33629 216 5 higher high ADJ bracis-33629 216 6 the the DET bracis-33629 216 7 shift shift NOUN bracis-33629 216 8 intensity intensity NOUN bracis-33629 216 9 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 216 10 the the PRON bracis-33629 216 11 worse bad ADJ bracis-33629 216 12 the the DET bracis-33629 216 13 error error NOUN bracis-33629 216 14 becomes become VERB bracis-33629 216 15 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 217 1 figure figure NOUN bracis-33629 217 2     SPACE bracis-33629 217 3 5 5 NUM bracis-33629 217 4 displays display VERB bracis-33629 217 5 the the DET bracis-33629 217 6 ae ae PROPN bracis-33629 217 7 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-33629 217 8 for for ADP bracis-33629 217 9 each each DET bracis-33629 217 10 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-33629 217 11 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 217 12 shift shift NOUN bracis-33629 217 13 intensity intensity NOUN bracis-33629 217 14 to to PART bracis-33629 217 15 provide provide VERB bracis-33629 217 16 a a DET bracis-33629 217 17 more more ADV bracis-33629 217 18 detailed detailed ADJ bracis-33629 217 19 understanding understanding NOUN bracis-33629 217 20 of of ADP bracis-33629 217 21 the the DET bracis-33629 217 22 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 217 23 ’ ' PUNCT bracis-33629 217 24 stability stability NOUN bracis-33629 217 25 across across ADP bracis-33629 217 26 shift shift NOUN bracis-33629 217 27 intensities intensity NOUN bracis-33629 217 28 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 217 29 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-33629 217 30 characteristics characteristic NOUN bracis-33629 217 31 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 218 1 some some DET bracis-33629 218 2 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 218 3 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 218 4 such such ADJ bracis-33629 218 5 as as ADP bracis-33629 218 6 the the DET bracis-33629 218 7 threshold threshold NOUN bracis-33629 218 8 selection selection NOUN bracis-33629 218 9 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 218 10 ms ms PROPN bracis-33629 218 11 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 218 12 ms2 ms2 PROPN bracis-33629 218 13 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 218 14 as as ADV bracis-33629 218 15 well well ADV bracis-33629 218 16 as as ADP bracis-33629 218 17 pacc pacc NOUN bracis-33629 218 18 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 218 19 dys dys ADJ bracis-33629 218 20 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 218 21 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 218 22 kde kde NOUN bracis-33629 218 23 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 218 24 exhibit exhibit VERB bracis-33629 218 25 relatively relatively ADV bracis-33629 218 26 stable stable ADJ bracis-33629 218 27 performance performance NOUN bracis-33629 218 28 across across ADP bracis-33629 218 29 shift shift NOUN bracis-33629 218 30 intensities intensity NOUN bracis-33629 218 31 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 219 1 in in ADP bracis-33629 219 2 contrast contrast NOUN bracis-33629 219 3 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 219 4 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 219 5 such such ADJ bracis-33629 219 6 as as ADP bracis-33629 219 7 the the DET bracis-33629 219 8 baseline baseline PROPN bracis-33629 219 9 cc cc PROPN bracis-33629 219 10 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 219 11 pcc pcc PROPN bracis-33629 219 12 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 219 13 sldc sldc ADJ bracis-33629 219 14 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 219 15 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 219 16 svm(mae svm(mae PROPN bracis-33629 219 17 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 219 18 displayed display VERB bracis-33629 219 19 more more ADV bracis-33629 219 20 unstable unstable ADJ bracis-33629 219 21 behavior behavior NOUN bracis-33629 219 22 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 219 23 yielding yield VERB bracis-33629 219 24 considerably considerably ADV bracis-33629 219 25 worse bad ADJ bracis-33629 219 26 results result NOUN bracis-33629 219 27 as as SCONJ bracis-33629 219 28 the the DET bracis-33629 219 29 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-33629 219 30 shift shift NOUN bracis-33629 219 31 intensity intensity NOUN bracis-33629 219 32 increased increase VERB bracis-33629 219 33 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 220 1 the the DET bracis-33629 220 2 patterns pattern NOUN bracis-33629 220 3 are be AUX bracis-33629 220 4 consistent consistent ADJ bracis-33629 220 5 across across ADP bracis-33629 220 6 all all DET bracis-33629 220 7 datasets dataset NOUN bracis-33629 220 8 except except SCONJ bracis-33629 220 9 for for ADP bracis-33629 220 10 repro repro ADJ bracis-33629 220 11 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 220 12 where where SCONJ bracis-33629 220 13 the the DET bracis-33629 220 14 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 220 15 demonstrated demonstrate VERB bracis-33629 220 16 superior superior ADJ bracis-33629 220 17 stability stability NOUN bracis-33629 220 18 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 220 19 overall overall ADJ bracis-33629 220 20 better well ADJ bracis-33629 220 21 performance performance NOUN bracis-33629 220 22 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 221 1 this this DET bracis-33629 221 2 difference difference NOUN bracis-33629 221 3 may may AUX bracis-33629 221 4 be be AUX bracis-33629 221 5 attributed attribute VERB bracis-33629 221 6 to to ADP bracis-33629 221 7 data datum NOUN bracis-33629 221 8 availability availability NOUN bracis-33629 221 9 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 221 10 as as SCONJ bracis-33629 221 11 repro repro ADJ bracis-33629 221 12 is be AUX bracis-33629 221 13 the the DET bracis-33629 221 14 largest large ADJ bracis-33629 221 15 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-33629 221 16 with with ADP bracis-33629 221 17 7,576 7,576 NUM bracis-33629 221 18 samples sample NOUN bracis-33629 221 19 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 222 1 consequently consequently ADV bracis-33629 222 2 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 222 3 it it PRON bracis-33629 222 4 does do AUX bracis-33629 222 5 not not PART bracis-33629 222 6 require require VERB bracis-33629 222 7 the the DET bracis-33629 222 8 oversampling oversampling NOUN bracis-33629 222 9 previously previously ADV bracis-33629 222 10 discussed discuss VERB bracis-33629 222 11 to to PART bracis-33629 222 12 generate generate VERB bracis-33629 222 13 all all DET bracis-33629 222 14 sample sample NOUN bracis-33629 222 15 sizes size NOUN bracis-33629 222 16 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 223 1 fig fig NOUN bracis-33629 223 2 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 224 1 4 4 X bracis-33629 224 2 . . X bracis-33629 224 3 average average ADJ bracis-33629 224 4 mae mae PROPN bracis-33629 224 5 for for ADP bracis-33629 224 6 each each DET bracis-33629 224 7 method method NOUN bracis-33629 224 8 across across ADP bracis-33629 224 9 datasets dataset NOUN bracis-33629 224 10 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 224 11 shift shift VERB bracis-33629 224 12 intensities intensity NOUN bracis-33629 224 13 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 225 1 full full ADJ bracis-33629 225 2 size size NOUN bracis-33629 225 3 image image NOUN bracis-33629 225 4 fig fig NOUN bracis-33629 225 5 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 226 1 5 5 X bracis-33629 226 2 . . X bracis-33629 226 3 ae ae PROPN bracis-33629 226 4 values value VERB bracis-33629 226 5 across across ADP bracis-33629 226 6 shift shift NOUN bracis-33629 226 7 intensities intensity NOUN bracis-33629 226 8 for for ADP bracis-33629 226 9 all all DET bracis-33629 226 10 datasets dataset NOUN bracis-33629 226 11 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 227 1 full full ADJ bracis-33629 227 2 size size NOUN bracis-33629 227 3 image image NOUN bracis-33629 227 4 6 6 NUM bracis-33629 227 5 conclusion conclusion NOUN bracis-33629 227 6 this this DET bracis-33629 227 7 study study NOUN bracis-33629 227 8 has have AUX bracis-33629 227 9 provided provide VERB bracis-33629 227 10 a a DET bracis-33629 227 11 comprehensive comprehensive ADJ bracis-33629 227 12 evaluation evaluation NOUN bracis-33629 227 13 of of ADP bracis-33629 227 14 various various ADJ bracis-33629 227 15 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 227 16 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 227 17 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 227 18 applied apply VERB bracis-33629 227 19 to to ADP bracis-33629 227 20 brazilian brazilian ADJ bracis-33629 227 21 portuguese portuguese ADJ bracis-33629 227 22 texts text NOUN bracis-33629 227 23 under under ADP bracis-33629 227 24 different different ADJ bracis-33629 227 25 conditions condition NOUN bracis-33629 227 26 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 227 27 particularly particularly ADV bracis-33629 227 28 focusing focus VERB bracis-33629 227 29 on on ADP bracis-33629 227 30 varying vary VERB bracis-33629 227 31 test test NOUN bracis-33629 227 32 sizes size NOUN bracis-33629 227 33 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 227 34 the the DET bracis-33629 227 35 intensity intensity NOUN bracis-33629 227 36 of of ADP bracis-33629 227 37 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-33629 227 38 shifts shift NOUN bracis-33629 227 39 between between ADP bracis-33629 227 40 training training NOUN bracis-33629 227 41 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 227 42 test test NOUN bracis-33629 227 43 sets set NOUN bracis-33629 227 44 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 228 1 several several ADJ bracis-33629 228 2 findings finding NOUN bracis-33629 228 3 emerged emerge VERB bracis-33629 228 4 from from ADP bracis-33629 228 5 our our PRON bracis-33629 228 6 analysis analysis NOUN bracis-33629 228 7 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 229 1 firstly firstly ADV bracis-33629 229 2 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 229 3 kde kde PROPN bracis-33629 229 4 consistently consistently ADV bracis-33629 229 5 exhibited exhibit VERB bracis-33629 229 6 superior superior ADJ bracis-33629 229 7 performance performance NOUN bracis-33629 229 8 across across ADP bracis-33629 229 9 different different ADJ bracis-33629 229 10 test test NOUN bracis-33629 229 11 sizes size NOUN bracis-33629 229 12 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 229 13 showing show VERB bracis-33629 229 14 statistically statistically ADV bracis-33629 229 15 significant significant ADJ bracis-33629 229 16 improvements improvement NOUN bracis-33629 229 17 over over ADP bracis-33629 229 18 the the DET bracis-33629 229 19 baseline baseline PROPN bracis-33629 229 20 cc cc PROPN bracis-33629 229 21 . . PROPN bracis-33629 229 22 alongside alongside ADP bracis-33629 229 23 kde kde PROPN bracis-33629 229 24 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 229 25 pacc pacc VERB bracis-33629 229 26 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 229 27 dys dys PROPN bracis-33629 229 28 also also ADV bracis-33629 229 29 performed perform VERB bracis-33629 229 30 well well ADV bracis-33629 229 31 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 229 32 demonstrating demonstrate VERB bracis-33629 229 33 stability stability NOUN bracis-33629 229 34 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 229 35 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN bracis-33629 229 36 across across ADP bracis-33629 229 37 various various ADJ bracis-33629 229 38 conditions condition NOUN bracis-33629 229 39 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 230 1 in in ADP bracis-33629 230 2 contrast contrast NOUN bracis-33629 230 3 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 230 4 svm(mae svm(mae PROPN bracis-33629 230 5 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 230 6 consistently consistently ADV bracis-33629 230 7 achieved achieve VERB bracis-33629 230 8 poor poor ADJ bracis-33629 230 9 results result NOUN bracis-33629 230 10 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 230 11 performing perform VERB bracis-33629 230 12 only only ADV bracis-33629 230 13 marginally marginally ADV bracis-33629 230 14 better well ADJ bracis-33629 230 15 than than ADP bracis-33629 230 16 the the DET bracis-33629 230 17 baseline baseline NOUN bracis-33629 230 18 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 231 1 the the DET bracis-33629 231 2 impact impact NOUN bracis-33629 231 3 of of ADP bracis-33629 231 4 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-33629 231 5 shift shift NOUN bracis-33629 231 6 intensity intensity NOUN bracis-33629 231 7 on on ADP bracis-33629 231 8 the the DET bracis-33629 231 9 performance performance NOUN bracis-33629 231 10 of of ADP bracis-33629 231 11 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 231 12 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 231 13 was be AUX bracis-33629 231 14 significant significant ADJ bracis-33629 231 15 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 232 1 as as SCONJ bracis-33629 232 2 expected expect VERB bracis-33629 232 3 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 232 4 higher high ADJ bracis-33629 232 5 shift shift NOUN bracis-33629 232 6 intensities intensity NOUN bracis-33629 232 7 led lead VERB bracis-33629 232 8 to to ADP bracis-33629 232 9 increased increase VERB bracis-33629 232 10 errors error NOUN bracis-33629 232 11 for for ADP bracis-33629 232 12 all all DET bracis-33629 232 13 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 232 14 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 233 1 however however ADV bracis-33629 233 2 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 233 3 certain certain ADJ bracis-33629 233 4 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 233 5 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 233 6 such such ADJ bracis-33629 233 7 as as ADP bracis-33629 233 8 the the DET bracis-33629 233 9 threshold threshold NOUN bracis-33629 233 10 selection selection NOUN bracis-33629 233 11 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 233 12 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 233 13 max max PROPN bracis-33629 233 14 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 233 15 ms ms PROPN bracis-33629 233 16 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 233 17 ms2 ms2 PROPN bracis-33629 233 18 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 233 19 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 233 20 pacc pacc VERB bracis-33629 233 21 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 233 22 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 233 23 kde kde PROPN bracis-33629 233 24 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 233 25 displayed display VERB bracis-33629 233 26 relatively relatively ADV bracis-33629 233 27 stable stable ADJ bracis-33629 233 28 performance performance NOUN bracis-33629 233 29 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 233 30 indicating indicate VERB bracis-33629 233 31 their their PRON bracis-33629 233 32 robustness robustness NOUN bracis-33629 233 33 to to ADP bracis-33629 233 34 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-33629 233 35 shifts shift NOUN bracis-33629 233 36 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 234 1 conversely conversely ADV bracis-33629 234 2 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 234 3 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 234 4 such such ADJ bracis-33629 234 5 as as ADP bracis-33629 234 6 the the DET bracis-33629 234 7 baseline baseline PROPN bracis-33629 234 8 cc cc PROPN bracis-33629 234 9 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 234 10 pcc pcc PROPN bracis-33629 234 11 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 234 12 sldc sldc ADJ bracis-33629 234 13 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 234 14 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 234 15 svm(mae svm(mae PROPN bracis-33629 234 16 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 234 17 exhibited exhibit VERB bracis-33629 234 18 greater great ADJ bracis-33629 234 19 instability instability NOUN bracis-33629 234 20 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 234 21 poorer poor ADJ bracis-33629 234 22 performance performance NOUN bracis-33629 234 23 as as SCONJ bracis-33629 234 24 the the DET bracis-33629 234 25 shift shift NOUN bracis-33629 234 26 intensity intensity NOUN bracis-33629 234 27 increased increase VERB bracis-33629 234 28 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 235 1 the the DET bracis-33629 235 2 friedman friedman PROPN bracis-33629 235 3 test test PROPN bracis-33629 235 4 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 235 5 nemenyi nemenyi NOUN bracis-33629 235 6 post post ADJ bracis-33629 235 7 - - ADJ bracis-33629 235 8 hoc hoc ADJ bracis-33629 235 9 test test NOUN bracis-33629 235 10 further far ADV bracis-33629 235 11 confirmed confirm VERB bracis-33629 235 12 the the DET bracis-33629 235 13 significant significant ADJ bracis-33629 235 14 differences difference NOUN bracis-33629 235 15 in in ADP bracis-33629 235 16 performance performance NOUN bracis-33629 235 17 among among ADP bracis-33629 235 18 the the DET bracis-33629 235 19 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 235 20 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 236 1 kde kde NOUN bracis-33629 236 2 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 236 3 dys dys PROPN bracis-33629 236 4 were be AUX bracis-33629 236 5 the the DET bracis-33629 236 6 only only ADJ bracis-33629 236 7 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 236 8 that that PRON bracis-33629 236 9 consistently consistently ADV bracis-33629 236 10 achieved achieve VERB bracis-33629 236 11 statistically statistically ADV bracis-33629 236 12 significant significant ADJ bracis-33629 236 13 improvements improvement NOUN bracis-33629 236 14 over over ADP bracis-33629 236 15 the the DET bracis-33629 236 16 baseline baseline NOUN bracis-33629 236 17 across across ADP bracis-33629 236 18 all all DET bracis-33629 236 19 test test NOUN bracis-33629 236 20 sizes size NOUN bracis-33629 236 21 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 237 1 looking look VERB bracis-33629 237 2 forward forward ADV bracis-33629 237 3 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 237 4 future future ADJ bracis-33629 237 5 research research NOUN bracis-33629 237 6 could could AUX bracis-33629 237 7 investigate investigate VERB bracis-33629 237 8 the the DET bracis-33629 237 9 integration integration NOUN bracis-33629 237 10 of of ADP bracis-33629 237 11 deep deep ADJ bracis-33629 237 12 learning learning NOUN bracis-33629 237 13 techniques technique NOUN bracis-33629 237 14 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 237 15 such such ADJ bracis-33629 237 16 as as ADP bracis-33629 237 17 transformer transformer NOUN bracis-33629 237 18 models model NOUN bracis-33629 237 19 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 237 20 into into ADP bracis-33629 237 21 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 237 22 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 237 23 to to PART bracis-33629 237 24 potentially potentially ADV bracis-33629 237 25 yield yield VERB bracis-33629 237 26 significant significant ADJ bracis-33629 237 27 performance performance NOUN bracis-33629 237 28 improvements improvement NOUN bracis-33629 237 29 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 238 1 understanding understand VERB bracis-33629 238 2 the the DET bracis-33629 238 3 trade trade NOUN bracis-33629 238 4 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 238 5 offs off NOUN bracis-33629 238 6 between between ADP bracis-33629 238 7 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 238 8 accuracy accuracy NOUN bracis-33629 238 9 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 238 10 computational computational ADJ bracis-33629 238 11 efficiency efficiency NOUN bracis-33629 238 12 will will AUX bracis-33629 238 13 be be AUX bracis-33629 238 14 crucial crucial ADJ bracis-33629 238 15 for for ADP bracis-33629 238 16 deploying deploy VERB bracis-33629 238 17 these these DET bracis-33629 238 18 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 238 19 in in ADP bracis-33629 238 20 resource resource NOUN bracis-33629 238 21 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 238 22 constrained constrain VERB bracis-33629 238 23 environments environment NOUN bracis-33629 238 24 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 239 1 moreover moreover ADV bracis-33629 239 2 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 239 3 conducting conduct VERB bracis-33629 239 4 more more ADJ bracis-33629 239 5 comprehensive comprehensive ADJ bracis-33629 239 6 evaluations evaluation NOUN bracis-33629 239 7 across across ADP bracis-33629 239 8 a a DET bracis-33629 239 9 wider wide ADJ bracis-33629 239 10 range range NOUN bracis-33629 239 11 of of ADP bracis-33629 239 12 languages language NOUN bracis-33629 239 13 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 239 14 domains domain NOUN bracis-33629 239 15 will will AUX bracis-33629 239 16 help help VERB bracis-33629 239 17 generalize generalize VERB bracis-33629 239 18 findings finding NOUN bracis-33629 239 19 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 239 20 validate validate VERB bracis-33629 239 21 the the DET bracis-33629 239 22 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 239 23 ’ ' PUNCT bracis-33629 239 24 applicability applicability NOUN bracis-33629 239 25 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 240 1 exploring explore VERB bracis-33629 240 2 semi semi ADJ bracis-33629 240 3 - - ADJ bracis-33629 240 4 supervised supervised ADJ bracis-33629 240 5 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 240 6 unsupervised unsupervised ADJ bracis-33629 240 7 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 240 8 could could AUX bracis-33629 240 9 reduce reduce VERB bracis-33629 240 10 the the DET bracis-33629 240 11 dependency dependency NOUN bracis-33629 240 12 on on ADP bracis-33629 240 13 annotated annotated ADJ bracis-33629 240 14 data datum NOUN bracis-33629 240 15 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 240 16 making make VERB bracis-33629 240 17 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 240 18 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 240 19 more more ADV bracis-33629 240 20 accessible accessible ADJ bracis-33629 240 21 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 240 22 scalable scalable ADJ bracis-33629 240 23 across across ADP bracis-33629 240 24 various various ADJ bracis-33629 240 25 domains domain NOUN bracis-33629 240 26 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 240 27 sample sample NOUN bracis-33629 240 28 sizes size NOUN bracis-33629 240 29 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 241 1 additionally additionally ADV bracis-33629 241 2 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 241 3 examining examine VERB bracis-33629 241 4 the the DET bracis-33629 241 5 impact impact NOUN bracis-33629 241 6 of of ADP bracis-33629 241 7 different different ADJ bracis-33629 241 8 types type NOUN bracis-33629 241 9 of of ADP bracis-33629 241 10 data datum NOUN bracis-33629 241 11 augmentation augmentation NOUN bracis-33629 241 12 techniques technique NOUN bracis-33629 241 13 on on ADP bracis-33629 241 14 the the DET bracis-33629 241 15 performance performance NOUN bracis-33629 241 16 of of ADP bracis-33629 241 17 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 241 18 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 241 19 could could AUX bracis-33629 241 20 offer offer VERB bracis-33629 241 21 insights insight NOUN bracis-33629 241 22 into into ADP bracis-33629 241 23 improving improve VERB bracis-33629 241 24 generalization generalization NOUN bracis-33629 241 25 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 241 26 robustness robustness NOUN bracis-33629 241 27 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 242 1 in in ADP bracis-33629 242 2 summary summary NOUN bracis-33629 242 3 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 242 4 our our PRON bracis-33629 242 5 findings finding NOUN bracis-33629 242 6 highlight highlight VERB bracis-33629 242 7 the the DET bracis-33629 242 8 importance importance NOUN bracis-33629 242 9 of of ADP bracis-33629 242 10 selecting select VERB bracis-33629 242 11 appropriate appropriate ADJ bracis-33629 242 12 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 242 13 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 242 14 based base VERB bracis-33629 242 15 on on ADP bracis-33629 242 16 the the DET bracis-33629 242 17 specific specific ADJ bracis-33629 242 18 characteristics characteristic NOUN bracis-33629 242 19 of of ADP bracis-33629 242 20 the the DET bracis-33629 242 21 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-33629 242 22 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 242 23 the the DET bracis-33629 242 24 anticipated anticipate VERB bracis-33629 242 25 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-33629 242 26 shift shift NOUN bracis-33629 242 27 intensities intensity NOUN bracis-33629 242 28 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 243 1 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 243 2 like like ADP bracis-33629 243 3 kde kde NOUN bracis-33629 243 4 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 243 5 dys dys ADJ bracis-33629 243 6 offer offer NOUN bracis-33629 243 7 robust robust ADJ bracis-33629 243 8 performance performance NOUN bracis-33629 243 9 across across ADP bracis-33629 243 10 various various ADJ bracis-33629 243 11 conditions condition NOUN bracis-33629 243 12 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 243 13 making make VERB bracis-33629 243 14 them they PRON bracis-33629 243 15 particularly particularly ADV bracis-33629 243 16 suitable suitable ADJ bracis-33629 243 17 for for ADP bracis-33629 243 18 practical practical ADJ bracis-33629 243 19 applications application NOUN bracis-33629 243 20 where where SCONJ bracis-33629 243 21 different different ADJ bracis-33629 243 22 intensities intensity NOUN bracis-33629 243 23 of of ADP bracis-33629 243 24 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-33629 243 25 shifts shift NOUN bracis-33629 243 26 are be AUX bracis-33629 243 27 expected expect VERB bracis-33629 243 28 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 244 1 references reference NOUN bracis-33629 244 2 belisário belisário PROPN bracis-33629 244 3 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 244 4 l.b l.b PROPN bracis-33629 244 5 . . PROPN bracis-33629 244 6 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 244 7 ferreira ferreira PROPN bracis-33629 244 8 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 244 9 l.g l.g PROPN bracis-33629 244 10 . . PROPN bracis-33629 244 11 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 244 12 pardo pardo PROPN bracis-33629 244 13 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 244 14 t.a.s t.a.s PROPN bracis-33629 244 15 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 244 16 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 244 17 evaluating evaluate VERB bracis-33629 244 18 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 244 19 of of ADP bracis-33629 244 20 different different ADJ bracis-33629 244 21 paradigms paradigm NOUN bracis-33629 244 22 for for ADP bracis-33629 244 23 subjectivity subjectivity NOUN bracis-33629 244 24 classification classification NOUN bracis-33629 244 25 in in ADP bracis-33629 244 26 portuguese portuguese PROPN bracis-33629 244 27 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 245 1 in in ADP bracis-33629 245 2 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 245 3 quaresma quaresma PROPN bracis-33629 245 4 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 245 5 p. p. PROPN bracis-33629 245 6 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 245 7 vieira vieira PROPN bracis-33629 245 8 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 245 9 r. r. PROPN bracis-33629 245 10 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 245 11 aluísio aluísio NOUN bracis-33629 245 12 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 245 13 s. s. PROPN bracis-33629 245 14 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 245 15 moniz moniz PROPN bracis-33629 245 16 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 245 17 h. h. PROPN bracis-33629 245 18 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 245 19 batista batista PROPN bracis-33629 245 20 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 245 21 f. f. PROPN bracis-33629 245 22 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 245 23 gonçalves gonçalves PROPN bracis-33629 245 24 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 245 25 t. t. PROPN bracis-33629 245 26 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 245 27 eds eds PROPN bracis-33629 245 28 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 245 29 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 245 30 computational computational ADJ bracis-33629 245 31 processing processing NOUN bracis-33629 245 32 of of ADP bracis-33629 245 33 the the DET bracis-33629 245 34 portuguese portuguese ADJ bracis-33629 245 35 language language NOUN bracis-33629 245 36 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 245 37 pp pp ADJ bracis-33629 245 38 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 246 1 261–269 261–269 NUM bracis-33629 246 2 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 247 1 springer springer NOUN bracis-33629 247 2 international international ADJ bracis-33629 247 3 publishing publishing NOUN bracis-33629 247 4 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 247 5 cham cham PROPN bracis-33629 247 6 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 247 7 2020 2020 NUM bracis-33629 247 8 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 247 9 chapter chapter NOUN bracis-33629 247 10     SPACE bracis-33629 247 11 math math NOUN bracis-33629 247 12     SPACE bracis-33629 247 13 google google PROPN bracis-33629 247 14 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-33629 247 15     SPACE bracis-33629 247 16 bella bella NOUN bracis-33629 247 17 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 247 18 a. a. NOUN bracis-33629 247 19 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 247 20 ferri ferri PROPN bracis-33629 247 21 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 247 22 c. c. PROPN bracis-33629 247 23 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 247 24 hernández hernández NOUN bracis-33629 247 25 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 247 26 orallo orallo NOUN bracis-33629 247 27 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 247 28 j. j. PROPN bracis-33629 247 29 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 247 30 ramirez ramirez PROPN bracis-33629 247 31 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 247 32 quintana quintana PROPN bracis-33629 247 33 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 247 34 m.j m.j PROPN bracis-33629 247 35 . . PROPN bracis-33629 247 36 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 247 37 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 247 38 via via ADP bracis-33629 247 39 probability probability NOUN bracis-33629 247 40 estimators estimator NOUN bracis-33629 247 41 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 248 1 in in ADP bracis-33629 248 2 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 248 3 2010 2010 NUM bracis-33629 248 4 ieee ieee PROPN bracis-33629 248 5 international international ADJ bracis-33629 248 6 conference conference NOUN bracis-33629 248 7 on on ADP bracis-33629 248 8 data datum NOUN bracis-33629 248 9 mining mining NOUN bracis-33629 248 10 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 248 11 pp pp ADJ bracis-33629 248 12 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 249 1 737–742 737–742 NUM bracis-33629 249 2 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 249 3 ieee ieee NOUN bracis-33629 249 4 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 249 5 2010 2010 NUM bracis-33629 249 6 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 249 7 google google PROPN bracis-33629 249 8 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-33629 249 9     SPACE bracis-33629 249 10 cristiani cristiani PROPN bracis-33629 249 11 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 249 12 a. a. PROPN bracis-33629 249 13 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 249 14 lieira lieira PROPN bracis-33629 249 15 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 249 16 d. d. PROPN bracis-33629 249 17 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 249 18 camargo camargo PROPN bracis-33629 249 19 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 249 20 h. h. PROPN bracis-33629 249 21 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 249 22 a a DET bracis-33629 249 23 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 249 24 analysis analysis NOUN bracis-33629 249 25 of of ADP bracis-33629 249 26 brazilian brazilian ADJ bracis-33629 249 27 elections election NOUN bracis-33629 249 28 tweets tweet NOUN bracis-33629 249 29 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 250 1 in in ADP bracis-33629 250 2 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 250 3 anais anais PROPN bracis-33629 250 4 do do VERB bracis-33629 250 5 viii viii NOUN bracis-33629 250 6 symposium symposium NOUN bracis-33629 250 7 on on ADP bracis-33629 250 8 knowledge knowledge NOUN bracis-33629 250 9 discovery discovery NOUN bracis-33629 250 10 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 250 11 mining mining NOUN bracis-33629 250 12 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 250 13 learning learning NOUN bracis-33629 250 14 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 250 15 pp pp ADP bracis-33629 250 16 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 251 1 153–160 153–160 NUM bracis-33629 251 2 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 252 1 sbc sbc NOUN bracis-33629 252 2 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 252 3 2020 2020 NUM bracis-33629 252 4 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 252 5 google google PROPN bracis-33629 252 6 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-33629 252 7     SPACE bracis-33629 252 8 donyavi donyavi PROPN bracis-33629 252 9 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 252 10 z. z. PROPN bracis-33629 252 11 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 252 12 serapio serapio NOUN bracis-33629 252 13 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 252 14 a. a. PROPN bracis-33629 252 15 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 252 16 batista batista PROPN bracis-33629 252 17 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 252 18 g. g. PROPN bracis-33629 252 19 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 252 20 mc mc PROPN bracis-33629 252 21 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 252 22 sq sq NOUN bracis-33629 252 23 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 252 24 a a DET bracis-33629 252 25 highly highly ADV bracis-33629 252 26 accurate accurate ADJ bracis-33629 252 27 ensemble ensemble ADJ bracis-33629 252 28 for for ADP bracis-33629 252 29 multi multi ADJ bracis-33629 252 30 - - ADJ bracis-33629 252 31 class class ADJ bracis-33629 252 32 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 252 33 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 253 1 in in ADP bracis-33629 253 2 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 253 3 proceedings proceeding NOUN bracis-33629 253 4 of of ADP bracis-33629 253 5 the the DET bracis-33629 253 6 2023 2023 NUM bracis-33629 253 7 siam siam ADJ bracis-33629 253 8 international international ADJ bracis-33629 253 9 conference conference NOUN bracis-33629 253 10 on on ADP bracis-33629 253 11 data datum NOUN bracis-33629 253 12 mining mining NOUN bracis-33629 253 13 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 253 14 sdm sdm PROPN bracis-33629 253 15 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 253 16 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 253 17 pp pp ADP bracis-33629 253 18 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 254 1 622–630 622–630 NUM bracis-33629 254 2 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 255 1 siam siam PROPN bracis-33629 255 2 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 255 3 2023 2023 NUM bracis-33629 255 4 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 255 5 google google NOUN bracis-33629 255 6 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-33629 255 7     SPACE bracis-33629 255 8 esuli esuli NOUN bracis-33629 255 9 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 255 10 a. a. NOUN bracis-33629 255 11 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 255 12 fabris fabris PROPN bracis-33629 255 13 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 255 14 a. a. PROPN bracis-33629 255 15 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 255 16 moreo moreo PROPN bracis-33629 255 17 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 255 18 a. a. PROPN bracis-33629 255 19 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 255 20 sebastiani sebastiani PROPN bracis-33629 255 21 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 255 22 f. f. PROPN bracis-33629 255 23 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 255 24 learning learn VERB bracis-33629 255 25 to to PART bracis-33629 255 26 quantify quantify VERB bracis-33629 255 27 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 256 1 springer springer NOUN bracis-33629 256 2 nature nature NOUN bracis-33629 256 3 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 256 4 2023 2023 NUM bracis-33629 256 5 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 256 6 google google NOUN bracis-33629 256 7 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-33629 256 8     SPACE bracis-33629 256 9 esuli esuli NOUN bracis-33629 256 10 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 256 11 a. a. PROPN bracis-33629 256 12 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 256 13 moreo moreo PROPN bracis-33629 256 14 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 256 15 a. a. PROPN bracis-33629 256 16 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 256 17 sebastiani sebastiani PROPN bracis-33629 256 18 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 256 19 f. f. PROPN bracis-33629 256 20 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 256 21 lequa@ lequa@ PROPN bracis-33629 256 22 clef2022 clef2022 NOUN bracis-33629 256 23 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 256 24 learning learn VERB bracis-33629 256 25 to to PART bracis-33629 256 26 quantify quantify VERB bracis-33629 256 27 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 257 1 in in ADP bracis-33629 257 2 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 257 3 european european ADJ bracis-33629 257 4 conference conference NOUN bracis-33629 257 5 on on ADP bracis-33629 257 6 information information NOUN bracis-33629 257 7 retrieval retrieval NOUN bracis-33629 257 8 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 257 9 pp pp ADP bracis-33629 257 10 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 258 1 374–381 374–381 NUM bracis-33629 258 2 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 258 3 springer springer NOUN bracis-33629 258 4 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 258 5 2022 2022 NUM bracis-33629 258 6 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 258 7 google google PROPN bracis-33629 258 8 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-33629 258 9     SPACE bracis-33629 258 10 esuli esuli NOUN bracis-33629 258 11 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 258 12 a. a. PROPN bracis-33629 258 13 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 258 14 sebastiani sebastiani PROPN bracis-33629 258 15 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 258 16 f. f. PROPN bracis-33629 258 17 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 258 18 optimizing optimize VERB bracis-33629 258 19 text text NOUN bracis-33629 258 20 quantifiers quantifier NOUN bracis-33629 258 21 for for ADP bracis-33629 258 22 multivariate multivariate NOUN bracis-33629 258 23 loss loss NOUN bracis-33629 258 24 functions function NOUN bracis-33629 258 25 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 259 1 acm acm PROPN bracis-33629 259 2 trans trans PROPN bracis-33629 259 3 . . PROPN bracis-33629 260 1 knowl knowl PROPN bracis-33629 260 2 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 261 1 discov discov NOUN bracis-33629 261 2 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 262 1 data datum NOUN bracis-33629 262 2 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 262 3 tkdd tkdd NOUN bracis-33629 262 4 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 262 5 9(4 9(4 NOUN bracis-33629 262 6 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 262 7 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 262 8 1–27 1–27 PROPN bracis-33629 262 9 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 262 10 2015 2015 NUM bracis-33629 262 11 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 262 12 article article NOUN bracis-33629 262 13     SPACE bracis-33629 262 14 math math NOUN bracis-33629 262 15     SPACE bracis-33629 262 16 google google PROPN bracis-33629 262 17 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-33629 262 18     SPACE bracis-33629 262 19 esuli esuli NOUN bracis-33629 262 20 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 262 21 a. a. PROPN bracis-33629 262 22 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 262 23 sebastiani sebastiani PROPN bracis-33629 262 24 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 262 25 f. f. PROPN bracis-33629 262 26 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 262 27 abbasi abbasi PROPN bracis-33629 262 28 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 262 29 a. a. NOUN bracis-33629 262 30 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 262 31 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 262 32 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 262 33 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 263 1 ieee ieee PROPN bracis-33629 263 2 intell intell PROPN bracis-33629 263 3 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 264 1 syst syst PROPN bracis-33629 264 2 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 265 1 25(4 25(4 NOUN bracis-33629 265 2 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 265 3 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 265 4 72–75 72–75 PROPN bracis-33629 265 5 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 265 6 2010 2010 NUM bracis-33629 265 7 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 265 8 article article NOUN bracis-33629 265 9     SPACE bracis-33629 265 10 math math NOUN bracis-33629 265 11     SPACE bracis-33629 265 12 google google PROPN bracis-33629 265 13 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-33629 265 14     SPACE bracis-33629 265 15 forman forman NOUN bracis-33629 265 16 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 265 17 g. g. NOUN bracis-33629 265 18 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 265 19 quantifying quantify VERB bracis-33629 265 20 trends trend NOUN bracis-33629 265 21 accurately accurately ADV bracis-33629 265 22 despite despite SCONJ bracis-33629 265 23 classifier classifier NOUN bracis-33629 265 24 error error NOUN bracis-33629 265 25 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 265 26 class class NOUN bracis-33629 265 27 imbalance imbalance NOUN bracis-33629 265 28 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 266 1 in in ADP bracis-33629 266 2 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 266 3 proceedings proceeding NOUN bracis-33629 266 4 of of ADP bracis-33629 266 5 the the DET bracis-33629 266 6 12th 12th PROPN bracis-33629 266 7 acm acm PROPN bracis-33629 266 8 sigkdd sigkdd NOUN bracis-33629 266 9 international international ADJ bracis-33629 266 10 conference conference NOUN bracis-33629 266 11 on on ADP bracis-33629 266 12 knowledge knowledge NOUN bracis-33629 266 13 discovery discovery PROPN bracis-33629 266 14 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 266 15 data datum NOUN bracis-33629 266 16 mining mining NOUN bracis-33629 266 17 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 266 18 pp pp ADP bracis-33629 266 19 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 267 1 157–166 157–166 NUM bracis-33629 267 2 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 267 3 2006 2006 NUM bracis-33629 267 4 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 267 5 google google PROPN bracis-33629 267 6 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-33629 267 7     SPACE bracis-33629 267 8 forman forman NOUN bracis-33629 267 9 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 267 10 g. g. NOUN bracis-33629 267 11 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 267 12 quantifying quantify VERB bracis-33629 267 13 counts count NOUN bracis-33629 267 14 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 267 15 costs cost NOUN bracis-33629 267 16 via via ADP bracis-33629 267 17 classification classification NOUN bracis-33629 267 18 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 268 1 data data PROPN bracis-33629 268 2 min min PROPN bracis-33629 268 3 . . PROPN bracis-33629 268 4 knowl knowl PROPN bracis-33629 268 5 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 269 1 disc disc PROPN bracis-33629 269 2 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 270 1 17 17 NUM bracis-33629 270 2 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 270 3 164–206 164–206 NUM bracis-33629 270 4 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 270 5 2008 2008 NUM bracis-33629 270 6 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 270 7 article article NOUN bracis-33629 270 8     SPACE bracis-33629 270 9 mathscinet mathscinet NOUN bracis-33629 270 10     SPACE bracis-33629 270 11 math math NOUN bracis-33629 270 12     SPACE bracis-33629 270 13 google google PROPN bracis-33629 270 14 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-33629 270 15     SPACE bracis-33629 270 16 gonzález gonzález PROPN bracis-33629 270 17 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 270 18 p. p. PROPN bracis-33629 270 19 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 270 20 castaño castaño PROPN bracis-33629 270 21 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 270 22 a. a. PROPN bracis-33629 270 23 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 270 24 chawla chawla PROPN bracis-33629 270 25 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 270 26 n.v n.v PROPN bracis-33629 270 27 . . PROPN bracis-33629 270 28 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 270 29 coz coz NOUN bracis-33629 270 30 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 270 31 j.j.d j.j.d NOUN bracis-33629 270 32 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 271 1 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 271 2 a a DET bracis-33629 271 3 review review NOUN bracis-33629 271 4 on on ADP bracis-33629 271 5 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 271 6 learning learning NOUN bracis-33629 271 7 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 272 1 acm acm PROPN bracis-33629 272 2 comput comput NOUN bracis-33629 272 3 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 273 1 surv surv NOUN bracis-33629 273 2 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 274 1 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 274 2 csur csur PROPN bracis-33629 274 3 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 274 4 50(5 50(5 NUM bracis-33629 274 5 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 274 6 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 274 7 1–40 1–40 PROPN bracis-33629 274 8 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 274 9 2017 2017 NUM bracis-33629 274 10 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 274 11 article article NOUN bracis-33629 274 12     SPACE bracis-33629 274 13 math math NOUN bracis-33629 274 14     SPACE bracis-33629 274 15 google google PROPN bracis-33629 274 16 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-33629 274 17     SPACE bracis-33629 274 18 gonzález gonzález PROPN bracis-33629 274 19 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 274 20 p. p. PROPN bracis-33629 274 21 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 274 22 moreo moreo PROPN bracis-33629 274 23 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 274 24 a. a. PROPN bracis-33629 274 25 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 274 26 sebastiani sebastiani PROPN bracis-33629 274 27 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 274 28 f. f. PROPN bracis-33629 274 29 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 274 30 binary binary ADJ bracis-33629 274 31 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 274 32 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 274 33 dataset dataset NOUN bracis-33629 274 34 shift shift NOUN bracis-33629 274 35 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 274 36 an an DET bracis-33629 274 37 experimental experimental ADJ bracis-33629 274 38 investigation investigation NOUN bracis-33629 274 39 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 275 1 data datum NOUN bracis-33629 275 2 mining mining NOUN bracis-33629 275 3 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 275 4 knowledge knowledge NOUN bracis-33629 275 5 discovery discovery NOUN bracis-33629 275 6 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 275 7 pp pp ADV bracis-33629 275 8 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 276 1 1–43 1–43 INTJ bracis-33629 276 2 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 276 3 2024 2024 NUM bracis-33629 276 4 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 276 5 google google PROPN bracis-33629 276 6 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-33629 276 7     SPACE bracis-33629 276 8 gonzález gonzález PROPN bracis-33629 276 9 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 276 10 castro castro PROPN bracis-33629 276 11 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 276 12 v. v. ADV bracis-33629 276 13 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 276 14 alaiz alaiz ADJ bracis-33629 276 15 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 276 16 rodríguez rodríguez NOUN bracis-33629 276 17 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 276 18 r. r. PROPN bracis-33629 276 19 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 276 20 alegre alegre VERB bracis-33629 276 21 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 276 22 e. e. PROPN bracis-33629 276 23 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 276 24 class class NOUN bracis-33629 276 25 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-33629 276 26 estimation estimation NOUN bracis-33629 276 27 based base VERB bracis-33629 276 28 on on ADP bracis-33629 276 29 the the DET bracis-33629 276 30 hellinger hellinger PROPN bracis-33629 276 31 distance distance NOUN bracis-33629 276 32 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 277 1 inf inf PROPN bracis-33629 277 2 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 278 1 sci sci PROPN bracis-33629 278 2 . . PROPN bracis-33629 278 3 218 218 NUM bracis-33629 278 4 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 278 5 146–164 146–164 NUM bracis-33629 278 6 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 278 7 2013 2013 NUM bracis-33629 278 8 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 278 9 article article NOUN bracis-33629 278 10     SPACE bracis-33629 278 11 math math NOUN bracis-33629 278 12     SPACE bracis-33629 278 13 google google PROPN bracis-33629 278 14 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-33629 278 15     SPACE bracis-33629 278 16 joachims joachim NOUN bracis-33629 278 17 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 278 18 t. t. PROPN bracis-33629 278 19 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 278 20 a a DET bracis-33629 278 21 support support NOUN bracis-33629 278 22 vector vector NOUN bracis-33629 278 23 method method NOUN bracis-33629 278 24 for for ADP bracis-33629 278 25 multivariate multivariate NOUN bracis-33629 278 26 performance performance NOUN bracis-33629 278 27 measures measure NOUN bracis-33629 278 28 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 279 1 in in ADP bracis-33629 279 2 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 279 3 proceedings proceeding NOUN bracis-33629 279 4 of of ADP bracis-33629 279 5 the the DET bracis-33629 279 6 22nd 22nd ADJ bracis-33629 279 7 international international ADJ bracis-33629 279 8 conference conference NOUN bracis-33629 279 9 on on ADP bracis-33629 279 10 machine machine NOUN bracis-33629 279 11 learning learning NOUN bracis-33629 279 12 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 279 13 pp pp ADV bracis-33629 279 14 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 280 1 377–384 377–384 NUM bracis-33629 280 2 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 280 3 2005 2005 NUM bracis-33629 280 4 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 280 5 google google PROPN bracis-33629 280 6 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-33629 280 7     SPACE bracis-33629 280 8 lecun lecun ADJ bracis-33629 280 9 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 280 10 y. y. PROPN bracis-33629 280 11 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 280 12 bottou bottou PROPN bracis-33629 280 13 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 280 14 l. l. PROPN bracis-33629 280 15 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 280 16 bengio bengio PROPN bracis-33629 280 17 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 280 18 y. y. PROPN bracis-33629 280 19 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 280 20 haffner haffner NOUN bracis-33629 280 21 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 280 22 p. p. NOUN bracis-33629 280 23 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 281 1 gradient gradient NOUN bracis-33629 281 2 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 281 3 based base VERB bracis-33629 281 4 learning learning NOUN bracis-33629 281 5 applied apply VERB bracis-33629 281 6 to to ADP bracis-33629 281 7 document document NOUN bracis-33629 281 8 recognition recognition NOUN bracis-33629 281 9 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 282 1 proc proc PROPN bracis-33629 282 2 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 283 1 ieee ieee PROPN bracis-33629 283 2 86(11 86(11 NUM bracis-33629 283 3 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 283 4 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 283 5 2278–2324 2278–2324 NUM bracis-33629 283 6 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 283 7 1998 1998 NUM bracis-33629 283 8 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 283 9 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 284 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/5.726791 https://doi.org/10.1109/5.726791 PROPN bracis-33629 284 2 article article NOUN bracis-33629 284 3     SPACE bracis-33629 284 4 math math NOUN bracis-33629 284 5     SPACE bracis-33629 284 6 google google PROPN bracis-33629 284 7 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-33629 284 8     SPACE bracis-33629 284 9 maletzke maletzke PROPN bracis-33629 284 10 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 284 11 a. a. PROPN bracis-33629 284 12 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 284 13 dos do VERB bracis-33629 284 14 reis reis NOUN bracis-33629 284 15 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 284 16 d. d. PROPN bracis-33629 284 17 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 284 18 cherman cherman PROPN bracis-33629 284 19 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 284 20 e. e. PROPN bracis-33629 284 21 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 284 22 batista batista PROPN bracis-33629 284 23 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 284 24 g. g. NOUN bracis-33629 284 25 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 284 26 dys dys VERB bracis-33629 284 27 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 284 28 a a DET bracis-33629 284 29 framework framework NOUN bracis-33629 284 30 for for ADP bracis-33629 284 31 mixture mixture NOUN bracis-33629 284 32 models model NOUN bracis-33629 284 33 in in ADP bracis-33629 284 34 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 284 35 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 285 1 in in ADP bracis-33629 285 2 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 285 3 proceedings proceeding NOUN bracis-33629 285 4 of of ADP bracis-33629 285 5 the the DET bracis-33629 285 6 aaai aaai PROPN bracis-33629 285 7 conference conference NOUN bracis-33629 285 8 on on ADP bracis-33629 285 9 artificial artificial ADJ bracis-33629 285 10 intelligence intelligence NOUN bracis-33629 285 11 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 286 1 vol vol NOUN bracis-33629 286 2 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 286 3     SPACE bracis-33629 286 4 33 33 NUM bracis-33629 286 5 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 286 6 pp pp ADJ bracis-33629 286 7 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 287 1 4552–4560 4552–4560 DET bracis-33629 287 2 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 287 3 2019 2019 NUM bracis-33629 287 4 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 287 5 google google NOUN bracis-33629 287 6 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-33629 287 7     SPACE bracis-33629 287 8 maletzke maletzke PROPN bracis-33629 287 9 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 287 10 a.g a.g PROPN bracis-33629 287 11 . . PROPN bracis-33629 287 12 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 287 13 hassan hassan PROPN bracis-33629 287 14 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 287 15 w. w. PROPN bracis-33629 287 16 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 287 17 dos do VERB bracis-33629 287 18 reis reis NOUN bracis-33629 287 19 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 287 20 d.m d.m PROPN bracis-33629 287 21 . . PROPN bracis-33629 287 22 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 287 23 batista batista PROPN bracis-33629 287 24 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 287 25 g.e g.e PROPN bracis-33629 287 26 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 287 27 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 288 1 the the DET bracis-33629 288 2 importance importance NOUN bracis-33629 288 3 of of ADP bracis-33629 288 4 the the DET bracis-33629 288 5 test test NOUN bracis-33629 288 6 set set VERB bracis-33629 288 7 size size NOUN bracis-33629 288 8 in in ADP bracis-33629 288 9 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 288 10 assessment assessment NOUN bracis-33629 288 11 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 289 1 in in ADP bracis-33629 289 2 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 289 3 ijcai ijcai NOUN bracis-33629 289 4 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 289 5 pp pp ADP bracis-33629 289 6 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 290 1 2640–2646 2640–2646 NUM bracis-33629 290 2 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 290 3 2020 2020 NUM bracis-33629 290 4 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 290 5 google google PROPN bracis-33629 290 6 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-33629 290 7     SPACE bracis-33629 290 8 moraes moraes PROPN bracis-33629 290 9 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 290 10 s.m.w s.m.w PROPN bracis-33629 290 11 . . PROPN bracis-33629 290 12 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 290 13 santos santos PROPN bracis-33629 290 14 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 290 15 a.l.l a.l.l NOUN bracis-33629 290 16 . . PROPN bracis-33629 290 17 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 290 18 redecker redecker NOUN bracis-33629 290 19 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 290 20 m. m. NOUN bracis-33629 290 21 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 290 22 machado machado PROPN bracis-33629 290 23 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 290 24 r.m r.m PROPN bracis-33629 290 25 . . PROPN bracis-33629 290 26 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 290 27 meneguzzi meneguzzi X bracis-33629 290 28 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 290 29 f.r f.r PROPN bracis-33629 290 30 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 290 31 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 290 32 comparing compare VERB bracis-33629 290 33 approaches approach NOUN bracis-33629 290 34 to to ADP bracis-33629 290 35 subjectivity subjectivity NOUN bracis-33629 290 36 classification classification NOUN bracis-33629 290 37 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 290 38 a a DET bracis-33629 290 39 study study NOUN bracis-33629 290 40 on on ADP bracis-33629 290 41 portuguese portuguese ADJ bracis-33629 290 42 tweets tweet NOUN bracis-33629 290 43 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 291 1 in in ADP bracis-33629 291 2 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 291 3 silva silva PROPN bracis-33629 291 4 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 291 5 j. j. PROPN bracis-33629 291 6 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 291 7 ribeiro ribeiro PROPN bracis-33629 291 8 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 291 9 r. r. PROPN bracis-33629 291 10 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 291 11 quaresma quaresma PROPN bracis-33629 291 12 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 291 13 p. p. NOUN bracis-33629 291 14 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 291 15 adami adami PROPN bracis-33629 291 16 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 291 17 a. a. PROPN bracis-33629 291 18 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 291 19 branco branco PROPN bracis-33629 291 20 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 291 21 a. a. NOUN bracis-33629 291 22 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 291 23 eds eds PROPN bracis-33629 291 24 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 291 25 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 291 26 computational computational ADJ bracis-33629 291 27 processing processing NOUN bracis-33629 291 28 of of ADP bracis-33629 291 29 the the DET bracis-33629 291 30 portuguese portuguese ADJ bracis-33629 291 31 language language NOUN bracis-33629 291 32 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 291 33 pp pp ADJ bracis-33629 291 34 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 292 1 86–94 86–94 NUM bracis-33629 292 2 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 292 3 springer springer PROPN bracis-33629 292 4 international international ADJ bracis-33629 292 5 publishing publishing NOUN bracis-33629 292 6 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 292 7 cham cham PROPN bracis-33629 292 8 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 292 9 2016 2016 NUM bracis-33629 292 10 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 292 11 math math NOUN bracis-33629 292 12     SPACE bracis-33629 292 13 google google PROPN bracis-33629 292 14 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-33629 292 15     SPACE bracis-33629 292 16 moreo moreo PROPN bracis-33629 292 17 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 292 18 a. a. PROPN bracis-33629 292 19 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 292 20 francisco francisco PROPN bracis-33629 292 21 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 292 22 m. m. NOUN bracis-33629 292 23 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 292 24 sebastiani sebastiani PROPN bracis-33629 292 25 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 292 26 f. f. PROPN bracis-33629 292 27 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 292 28 multi multi ADJ bracis-33629 292 29 - - ADJ bracis-33629 292 30 label label ADJ bracis-33629 292 31 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 292 32 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 293 1 acm acm PROPN bracis-33629 293 2 trans trans PROPN bracis-33629 293 3 . . PROPN bracis-33629 294 1 knowl knowl PROPN bracis-33629 294 2 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 295 1 discov discov NOUN bracis-33629 295 2 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 296 1 data datum NOUN bracis-33629 296 2 18(1 18(1 NOUN bracis-33629 296 3 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 296 4 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 296 5 1–36 1–36 PROPN bracis-33629 296 6 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 296 7 2023 2023 NUM bracis-33629 296 8 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 296 9 article article NOUN bracis-33629 296 10     SPACE bracis-33629 296 11 math math NOUN bracis-33629 296 12     SPACE bracis-33629 296 13 google google PROPN bracis-33629 296 14 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-33629 296 15     SPACE bracis-33629 296 16 moreo moreo PROPN bracis-33629 296 17 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 296 18 a. a. PROPN bracis-33629 296 19 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 296 20 gonzález gonzález PROPN bracis-33629 296 21 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 296 22 p. p. PROPN bracis-33629 296 23 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 296 24 del del PROPN bracis-33629 296 25 coz coz PROPN bracis-33629 296 26 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 296 27 j.j j.j PROPN bracis-33629 296 28 . . PROPN bracis-33629 296 29 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 296 30 kernel kernel PROPN bracis-33629 296 31 density density PROPN bracis-33629 296 32 estimation estimation NOUN bracis-33629 296 33 for for ADP bracis-33629 296 34 multiclass multiclass ADJ bracis-33629 296 35 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 296 36 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 297 1 arxiv arxiv PROPN bracis-33629 297 2 preprint preprint VERB bracis-33629 297 3 arxiv:2401.00490 arxiv:2401.00490 NOUN bracis-33629 297 4 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 297 5 2023 2023 NUM bracis-33629 297 6 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 297 7 moreo moreo PROPN bracis-33629 297 8 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 297 9 a. a. PROPN bracis-33629 297 10 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 297 11 sebastiani sebastiani PROPN bracis-33629 297 12 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 297 13 f. f. PROPN bracis-33629 297 14 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 297 15 re re VERB bracis-33629 297 16 - - VERB bracis-33629 297 17 assessing assess VERB bracis-33629 297 18 the the DET bracis-33629 297 19 “ " PUNCT bracis-33629 297 20 classify classify VERB bracis-33629 297 21 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 297 22 count count VERB bracis-33629 297 23 ” " PUNCT bracis-33629 297 24 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 297 25 method method NOUN bracis-33629 297 26 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 298 1 in in ADP bracis-33629 298 2 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 298 3 advances advance NOUN bracis-33629 298 4 in in ADP bracis-33629 298 5 information information NOUN bracis-33629 298 6 retrieval retrieval NOUN bracis-33629 298 7 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 298 8 43rd 43rd ADJ bracis-33629 298 9 european european ADJ bracis-33629 298 10 conference conference NOUN bracis-33629 298 11 on on ADP bracis-33629 298 12 ir ir PROPN bracis-33629 298 13 research research NOUN bracis-33629 298 14 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 298 15 ecir ecir NOUN bracis-33629 298 16 2021 2021 NUM bracis-33629 298 17 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 298 18 virtual virtual ADJ bracis-33629 298 19 event event NOUN bracis-33629 298 20 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 298 21 march march PROPN bracis-33629 298 22 28 28 NUM bracis-33629 298 23 – – PUNCT bracis-33629 298 24 april april PROPN bracis-33629 298 25 1 1 NUM bracis-33629 298 26 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 298 27 2021 2021 NUM bracis-33629 298 28 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 298 29 proceedings proceeding NOUN bracis-33629 298 30 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 298 31 part part NOUN bracis-33629 298 32 ii ii PROPN bracis-33629 298 33 43 43 NUM bracis-33629 298 34 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 298 35 pp pp ADJ bracis-33629 298 36 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 299 1 75–91 75–91 NUM bracis-33629 299 2 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 299 3 springer springer NOUN bracis-33629 299 4 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 299 5 2021 2021 NUM bracis-33629 299 6 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 299 7 google google PROPN bracis-33629 299 8 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-33629 299 9     SPACE bracis-33629 299 10 moreo moreo PROPN bracis-33629 299 11 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 299 12 a. a. PROPN bracis-33629 299 13 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 299 14 sebastiani sebastiani PROPN bracis-33629 299 15 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 299 16 f. f. PROPN bracis-33629 299 17 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 299 18 tweet tweet NOUN bracis-33629 299 19 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 299 20 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 299 21 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 299 22 an an DET bracis-33629 299 23 experimental experimental ADJ bracis-33629 299 24 re re NOUN bracis-33629 299 25 - - NOUN bracis-33629 299 26 evaluation evaluation NOUN bracis-33629 299 27 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 300 1 plos plos PROPN bracis-33629 300 2 one one NUM bracis-33629 300 3 17(9 17(9 NOUN bracis-33629 300 4 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 300 5 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 300 6 e0263449 e0263449 NOUN bracis-33629 300 7 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 300 8 2022 2022 NUM bracis-33629 300 9 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 300 10 article article NOUN bracis-33629 300 11     SPACE bracis-33629 300 12 math math NOUN bracis-33629 300 13     SPACE bracis-33629 300 14 google google PROPN bracis-33629 300 15 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-33629 300 16     SPACE bracis-33629 300 17 ojeda ojeda PROPN bracis-33629 300 18 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 300 19 d.z d.z PROPN bracis-33629 300 20 . . PROPN bracis-33629 300 21 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 300 22 zalewski zalewski NOUN bracis-33629 300 23 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 300 24 w. w. PROPN bracis-33629 300 25 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 300 26 maletzke maletzke PROPN bracis-33629 300 27 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 300 28 a.g a.g PROPN bracis-33629 300 29 . . PROPN bracis-33629 300 30 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 300 31 utilizando utilizando PROPN bracis-33629 300 32 a a DET bracis-33629 300 33 quantificação quantificação NOUN bracis-33629 300 34 na na X bracis-33629 300 35 análise análise PROPN bracis-33629 300 36 de de PROPN bracis-33629 300 37 sentimentos sentimentos PROPN bracis-33629 300 38 em em PRON bracis-33629 300 39 reviews review VERB bracis-33629 300 40 de de X bracis-33629 300 41 produtos produtos X bracis-33629 300 42 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 301 1 in in ADP bracis-33629 301 2 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 301 3 escola escola PROPN bracis-33629 301 4 regional regional PROPN bracis-33629 301 5 de de X bracis-33629 301 6 banco banco X bracis-33629 301 7 de de X bracis-33629 301 8 dados dado NOUN bracis-33629 301 9 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 301 10 erbd erbd NOUN bracis-33629 301 11 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 301 12 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 301 13 pp pp ADJ bracis-33629 301 14 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 302 1 71–80 71–80 NUM bracis-33629 302 2 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 303 1 sbc sbc NOUN bracis-33629 303 2 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 303 3 2024 2024 NUM bracis-33629 303 4 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 303 5 google google NOUN bracis-33629 303 6 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-33629 303 7     SPACE bracis-33629 303 8 saerens saeren NOUN bracis-33629 303 9 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 303 10 m. m. NOUN bracis-33629 303 11 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 303 12 latinne latinne PROPN bracis-33629 303 13 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 303 14 p. p. NOUN bracis-33629 303 15 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 303 16 decaestecker decaestecker PROPN bracis-33629 303 17 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 303 18 c. c. PROPN bracis-33629 303 19 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 303 20 adjusting adjust VERB bracis-33629 303 21 the the DET bracis-33629 303 22 outputs output NOUN bracis-33629 303 23 of of ADP bracis-33629 303 24 a a DET bracis-33629 303 25 classifier classifier NOUN bracis-33629 303 26 to to PART bracis-33629 303 27 new new VERB bracis-33629 303 28 a a DET bracis-33629 303 29 priori priori ADJ bracis-33629 303 30 probabilities probability NOUN bracis-33629 303 31 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 303 32 a a DET bracis-33629 303 33 simple simple ADJ bracis-33629 303 34 procedure procedure NOUN bracis-33629 303 35 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 304 1 neural neural ADJ bracis-33629 304 2 comput comput NOUN bracis-33629 304 3 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 305 1 14(1 14(1 NUM bracis-33629 305 2 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 305 3 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 305 4 21–41 21–41 NUM bracis-33629 305 5 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 305 6 2002 2002 NUM bracis-33629 305 7 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 305 8 article article NOUN bracis-33629 305 9     SPACE bracis-33629 305 10 math math NOUN bracis-33629 305 11     SPACE bracis-33629 305 12 google google PROPN bracis-33629 305 13 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-33629 305 14     SPACE bracis-33629 305 15 dos do NOUN bracis-33629 305 16 santos santos PROPN bracis-33629 305 17     SPACE bracis-33629 305 18 silva silva PROPN bracis-33629 305 19 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 305 20 l.n l.n PROPN bracis-33629 305 21 . . PROPN bracis-33629 305 22 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 305 23 et et PROPN bracis-33629 305 24 al al PROPN bracis-33629 305 25 . . PROPN bracis-33629 305 26 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 306 1 repro repro VERB bracis-33629 306 2 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 306 3 a a DET bracis-33629 306 4 benchmark benchmark NOUN bracis-33629 306 5 for for ADP bracis-33629 306 6 opinion opinion NOUN bracis-33629 306 7 mining mining NOUN bracis-33629 306 8 for for ADP bracis-33629 306 9 brazilian brazilian ADJ bracis-33629 306 10 portuguese portuguese NOUN bracis-33629 306 11 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 307 1 in in ADP bracis-33629 307 2 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 307 3 proceedings proceeding NOUN bracis-33629 307 4 of of ADP bracis-33629 307 5 the the DET bracis-33629 307 6 16th 16th ADJ bracis-33629 307 7 international international ADJ bracis-33629 307 8 conference conference NOUN bracis-33629 307 9 on on ADP bracis-33629 307 10 computational computational ADJ bracis-33629 307 11 processing processing NOUN bracis-33629 307 12 of of ADP bracis-33629 307 13 portuguese portuguese PROPN bracis-33629 307 14 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 307 15 pp pp ADV bracis-33629 307 16 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 308 1 432–440 432–440 NUM bracis-33629 308 2 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 308 3 2024 2024 NUM bracis-33629 308 4 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 308 5 google google NOUN bracis-33629 308 6 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-33629 308 7     SPACE bracis-33629 308 8 schumacher schumacher PROPN bracis-33629 308 9 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 308 10 t. t. PROPN bracis-33629 308 11 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 308 12 strohmaier strohmaier NOUN bracis-33629 308 13 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 308 14 m. m. NOUN bracis-33629 308 15 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 308 16 lemmerich lemmerich PROPN bracis-33629 308 17 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 308 18 f. f. PROPN bracis-33629 308 19 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 308 20 a a DET bracis-33629 308 21 comparative comparative ADJ bracis-33629 308 22 evaluation evaluation NOUN bracis-33629 308 23 of of ADP bracis-33629 308 24 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 308 25 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 308 26 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 309 1 arxiv arxiv PROPN bracis-33629 309 2 preprint preprint NOUN bracis-33629 309 3 arxiv:2103.03223 arxiv:2103.03223 PROPN bracis-33629 309 4 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 309 5 2021 2021 NUM bracis-33629 309 6 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 309 7 smith smith PROPN bracis-33629 309 8 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 309 9 n.a n.a PROPN bracis-33629 309 10 . . PROPN bracis-33629 309 11 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 309 12 tromble tromble PROPN bracis-33629 309 13 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 309 14 r.w r.w PROPN bracis-33629 309 15 . . PROPN bracis-33629 309 16 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 309 17 sampling sample VERB bracis-33629 309 18 uniformly uniformly ADV bracis-33629 309 19 from from ADP bracis-33629 309 20 the the DET bracis-33629 309 21 unit unit NOUN bracis-33629 309 22 simplex simplex NOUN bracis-33629 309 23 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 310 1 johns johns PROPN bracis-33629 310 2 hopkins hopkins PROPN bracis-33629 310 3 university university PROPN bracis-33629 310 4 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 310 5 tech tech NOUN bracis-33629 310 6 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 311 1 rep rep PROPN bracis-33629 311 2 29 29 NUM bracis-33629 311 3 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 311 4 2004 2004 NUM bracis-33629 311 5 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 311 6 google google PROPN bracis-33629 311 7 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-33629 311 8     SPACE bracis-33629 311 9 download download NOUN bracis-33629 311 10 references reference NOUN bracis-33629 311 11 acknowledgments acknowledgment NOUN bracis-33629 311 12 this this DET bracis-33629 311 13 study study NOUN bracis-33629 311 14 was be AUX bracis-33629 311 15 financed finance VERB bracis-33629 311 16 in in ADP bracis-33629 311 17 part part NOUN bracis-33629 311 18 by by ADP bracis-33629 311 19 the the DET bracis-33629 311 20 coordenação coordenação PROPN bracis-33629 311 21 de de PROPN bracis-33629 311 22 aperfeiçoamento aperfeiçoamento PROPN bracis-33629 311 23 de de X bracis-33629 311 24 pessoal pessoal PROPN bracis-33629 311 25 de de PROPN bracis-33629 311 26 nível nível PROPN bracis-33629 311 27 superior superior PROPN bracis-33629 311 28 brasil brasil PROPN bracis-33629 311 29 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 311 30 capes cape NOUN bracis-33629 311 31 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 311 32 finance finance NOUN bracis-33629 311 33 code code NOUN bracis-33629 311 34 001 001 NUM bracis-33629 311 35 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 312 1 author author NOUN bracis-33629 312 2 information information NOUN bracis-33629 312 3 authors author NOUN bracis-33629 312 4 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 312 5 affiliations affiliation NOUN bracis-33629 312 6 graduate graduate NOUN bracis-33629 312 7 program program NOUN bracis-33629 312 8 in in ADP bracis-33629 312 9 computer computer NOUN bracis-33629 312 10 science science NOUN bracis-33629 312 11 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 312 12 ppgcc ppgcc PROPN bracis-33629 312 13 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 312 14 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 312 15 department department NOUN bracis-33629 312 16 of of ADP bracis-33629 312 17 computing computing PROPN bracis-33629 312 18 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 312 19 federal federal ADJ bracis-33629 312 20 university university PROPN bracis-33629 312 21 of of ADP bracis-33629 312 22 são são PROPN bracis-33629 312 23 carlos carlos PROPN bracis-33629 312 24 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 312 25 ufscar ufscar PROPN bracis-33629 312 26 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 312 27 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 312 28 são são PROPN bracis-33629 312 29 carlos carlos PROPN bracis-33629 312 30 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 312 31 brazil brazil PROPN bracis-33629 312 32 lucas lucas PROPN bracis-33629 312 33 nildaimon nildaimon PROPN bracis-33629 312 34 dos do VERB bracis-33629 312 35 santos santos PROPN bracis-33629 312 36 silva silva PROPN bracis-33629 312 37     SPACE bracis-33629 312 38 & & CCONJ bracis-33629 312 39     SPACE bracis-33629 312 40 helena helena PROPN bracis-33629 312 41 de de PROPN bracis-33629 312 42 medeiros medeiros PROPN bracis-33629 312 43 caseli caseli PROPN bracis-33629 312 44 institute institute PROPN bracis-33629 312 45 of of ADP bracis-33629 312 46 mathematics mathematics PROPN bracis-33629 312 47 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 312 48 computer computer NOUN bracis-33629 312 49 sciences sciences PROPN bracis-33629 312 50 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 312 51 icmc icmc PROPN bracis-33629 312 52 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 312 53 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 312 54 university university NOUN bracis-33629 312 55 of of ADP bracis-33629 312 56 são são PROPN bracis-33629 312 57 paulo paulo PROPN bracis-33629 312 58 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 312 59 usp usp PROPN bracis-33629 312 60 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 312 61 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 312 62 são são PROPN bracis-33629 312 63 carlos carlos PROPN bracis-33629 312 64 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 312 65 brazil brazil PROPN bracis-33629 312 66 diego diego PROPN bracis-33629 312 67 furtado furtado PROPN bracis-33629 312 68 silva silva PROPN bracis-33629 312 69 authors author NOUN bracis-33629 312 70 lucas lucas PROPN bracis-33629 312 71 nildaimon nildaimon PROPN bracis-33629 312 72 dos do VERB bracis-33629 312 73 santos santos PROPN bracis-33629 312 74 silvaview silvaview VERB bracis-33629 312 75 author author NOUN bracis-33629 312 76 publications publication NOUN bracis-33629 312 77 search search NOUN bracis-33629 312 78 author author NOUN bracis-33629 312 79 on on ADP bracis-33629 312 80 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 312 81 pubmed pubmed PROPN bracis-33629 312 82     SPACE bracis-33629 312 83 google google PROPN bracis-33629 312 84 scholar scholar PROPN bracis-33629 312 85 diego diego PROPN bracis-33629 312 86 furtado furtado PROPN bracis-33629 312 87 silvaview silvaview PROPN bracis-33629 312 88 author author NOUN bracis-33629 312 89 publications publication NOUN bracis-33629 312 90 search search NOUN bracis-33629 312 91 author author NOUN bracis-33629 312 92 on on ADP bracis-33629 312 93 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 312 94 pubmed pubmed PROPN bracis-33629 312 95     SPACE bracis-33629 312 96 google google PROPN bracis-33629 312 97 scholar scholar PROPN bracis-33629 312 98 helena helena PROPN bracis-33629 312 99 de de PROPN bracis-33629 312 100 medeiros medeiros PROPN bracis-33629 312 101 caseliview caseliview PROPN bracis-33629 312 102 author author NOUN bracis-33629 312 103 publications publication NOUN bracis-33629 312 104 search search NOUN bracis-33629 312 105 author author NOUN bracis-33629 312 106 on on ADP bracis-33629 312 107 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 312 108 pubmed pubmed PROPN bracis-33629 312 109     SPACE bracis-33629 312 110 google google PROPN bracis-33629 312 111 scholar scholar NOUN bracis-33629 312 112 corresponding correspond VERB bracis-33629 312 113 author author NOUN bracis-33629 312 114 correspondence correspondence NOUN bracis-33629 312 115 to to ADP bracis-33629 312 116 lucas lucas PROPN bracis-33629 312 117 nildaimon nildaimon PROPN bracis-33629 312 118 dos do VERB bracis-33629 312 119 santos santos PROPN bracis-33629 312 120 silva silva PROPN bracis-33629 312 121 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 313 1 editor editor NOUN bracis-33629 313 2 information information NOUN bracis-33629 313 3 editors editor NOUN bracis-33629 313 4 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 313 5 affiliations affiliation NOUN bracis-33629 313 6 universidade universidade VERB bracis-33629 313 7 federal federal PROPN bracis-33629 313 8 fluminense fluminense PROPN bracis-33629 313 9 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 313 10 niterói niterói PROPN bracis-33629 313 11 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 313 12 brazil brazil PROPN bracis-33629 313 13 aline aline PROPN bracis-33629 313 14 paes paes PROPN bracis-33629 313 15 instituto instituto PROPN bracis-33629 313 16 tecnológico tecnológico PROPN bracis-33629 313 17 de de PROPN bracis-33629 313 18 aeronáutica aeronáutica PROPN bracis-33629 313 19 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 313 20 são são PROPN bracis-33629 313 21 josé josé PROPN bracis-33629 313 22 dos dos PROPN bracis-33629 313 23 campos campos PROPN bracis-33629 313 24 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 313 25 brazil brazil PROPN bracis-33629 313 26 filipe filipe PROPN bracis-33629 313 27 a. a. PROPN bracis-33629 313 28 n. n. PROPN bracis-33629 313 29 verri verri PROPN bracis-33629 313 30 rights right NOUN bracis-33629 313 31 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 313 32 permissions permission NOUN bracis-33629 313 33 reprints reprint NOUN bracis-33629 313 34 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 313 35 permissions permission VERB bracis-33629 313 36 copyright copyright NOUN bracis-33629 313 37 information information NOUN bracis-33629 313 38 © © ADP bracis-33629 313 39 2025 2025 NUM bracis-33629 313 40 the the DET bracis-33629 313 41 author(s author(s NOUN bracis-33629 313 42 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 313 43 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 313 44 under under ADP bracis-33629 313 45 exclusive exclusive ADJ bracis-33629 313 46 license license NOUN bracis-33629 313 47 to to ADP bracis-33629 313 48 springer springer NOUN bracis-33629 313 49 nature nature PROPN bracis-33629 313 50 switzerland switzerland PROPN bracis-33629 313 51 ag ag PROPN bracis-33629 313 52 about about ADP bracis-33629 313 53 this this DET bracis-33629 313 54 paper paper NOUN bracis-33629 313 55 cite cite VERB bracis-33629 313 56 this this DET bracis-33629 313 57 paper paper NOUN bracis-33629 313 58 dos do NOUN bracis-33629 313 59 santos santos PROPN bracis-33629 313 60 silva silva PROPN bracis-33629 313 61 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 313 62 l.n l.n PROPN bracis-33629 313 63 . . PROPN bracis-33629 313 64 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 313 65 silva silva PROPN bracis-33629 313 66 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 313 67 d.f d.f PROPN bracis-33629 313 68 . . PROPN bracis-33629 313 69 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 313 70 de de PROPN bracis-33629 313 71 medeiros medeiros PROPN bracis-33629 313 72 caseli caseli PROPN bracis-33629 313 73 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 313 74 h. h. PROPN bracis-33629 313 75 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 313 76 2025 2025 NUM bracis-33629 313 77 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 313 78 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 314 1 evaluating evaluate VERB bracis-33629 314 2 sentiment sentiment NOUN bracis-33629 314 3 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 314 4 methods method NOUN bracis-33629 314 5 in in ADP bracis-33629 314 6     SPACE bracis-33629 314 7 brazilian brazilian ADJ bracis-33629 314 8 portuguese portuguese PROPN bracis-33629 314 9 corpora corpora PROPN bracis-33629 314 10 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 315 1 in in ADP bracis-33629 315 2 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 315 3 paes paes PROPN bracis-33629 315 4 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 315 5 a. a. PROPN bracis-33629 315 6 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 315 7 verri verri NOUN bracis-33629 315 8 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 315 9 f.a.n f.a.n ADJ bracis-33629 315 10 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 315 11 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 315 12 eds ed NOUN bracis-33629 315 13 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 315 14 intelligent intelligent ADJ bracis-33629 315 15 systems system NOUN bracis-33629 315 16 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 315 17 bracis bracis PROPN bracis-33629 315 18 2024 2024 NUM bracis-33629 315 19 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 316 1 lecture lecture NOUN bracis-33629 316 2 notes note NOUN bracis-33629 316 3 in in ADP bracis-33629 316 4 computer computer NOUN bracis-33629 316 5 science science NOUN bracis-33629 316 6 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 316 7 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 316 8 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 316 9 vol vol NOUN bracis-33629 316 10 15414 15414 NUM bracis-33629 316 11 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 317 1 springer springer NOUN bracis-33629 317 2 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 317 3 cham cham PROPN bracis-33629 317 4 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 318 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-79035-5_16 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-79035-5_16 PROPN bracis-33629 318 2 download download NOUN bracis-33629 318 3 citation citation NOUN bracis-33629 318 4 .ris .ris PUNCT bracis-33629 318 5 .enw .enw PROPN bracis-33629 319 1 .bib .bib PUNCT bracis-33629 319 2 doi doi PROPN bracis-33629 319 3 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 319 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-79035-5_16 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-79035-5_16 NOUN bracis-33629 319 5 published publish VERB bracis-33629 319 6 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 319 7 30 30 NUM bracis-33629 319 8 january january PROPN bracis-33629 319 9 2025 2025 NUM bracis-33629 319 10 publisher publisher NOUN bracis-33629 319 11 name name NOUN bracis-33629 319 12 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 319 13 springer springer NOUN bracis-33629 319 14 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 319 15 cham cham PROPN bracis-33629 319 16 print print PROPN bracis-33629 319 17 isbn isbn PROPN bracis-33629 319 18 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 319 19 978 978 NUM bracis-33629 319 20 - - SYM bracis-33629 319 21 3 3 NUM bracis-33629 319 22 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 319 23 031 031 NUM bracis-33629 319 24 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 319 25 79034 79034 NUM bracis-33629 319 26 - - SYM bracis-33629 319 27 8 8 NUM bracis-33629 319 28 online online ADJ bracis-33629 319 29 isbn isbn NOUN bracis-33629 319 30 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 319 31 978 978 NUM bracis-33629 319 32 - - SYM bracis-33629 319 33 3 3 NUM bracis-33629 319 34 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 319 35 031 031 NUM bracis-33629 319 36 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 319 37 79035 79035 NUM bracis-33629 319 38 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 319 39 5 5 NUM bracis-33629 319 40 ebook ebook NOUN bracis-33629 319 41 packages package NOUN bracis-33629 319 42 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 319 43 computer computer NOUN bracis-33629 319 44 sciencecomputer sciencecomputer NOUN bracis-33629 319 45 science science NOUN bracis-33629 319 46 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 319 47 r0 r0 NOUN bracis-33629 319 48 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 319 49 share share VERB bracis-33629 319 50 this this DET bracis-33629 319 51 paper paper NOUN bracis-33629 319 52 anyone anyone PRON bracis-33629 319 53 you you PRON bracis-33629 319 54 share share VERB bracis-33629 319 55 the the DET bracis-33629 319 56 following follow VERB bracis-33629 319 57 link link NOUN bracis-33629 319 58 with with ADP bracis-33629 319 59 will will AUX bracis-33629 319 60 be be AUX bracis-33629 319 61 able able ADJ bracis-33629 319 62 to to PART bracis-33629 319 63 read read VERB bracis-33629 319 64 this this DET bracis-33629 319 65 content content NOUN bracis-33629 319 66 : : PUNCT bracis-33629 319 67 get get VERB bracis-33629 319 68 shareable shareable ADJ bracis-33629 319 69 linksorry linksorry NOUN bracis-33629 319 70 , , PUNCT bracis-33629 319 71 a a DET bracis-33629 319 72 shareable shareable ADJ bracis-33629 319 73 link link NOUN bracis-33629 319 74 is be AUX bracis-33629 319 75 not not PART bracis-33629 319 76 currently currently ADV bracis-33629 319 77 available available ADJ bracis-33629 319 78 for for ADP bracis-33629 319 79 this this DET bracis-33629 319 80 article article NOUN bracis-33629 319 81 . . PUNCT bracis-33629 320 1 copy copy VERB bracis-33629 320 2 shareable shareable ADJ bracis-33629 320 3 link link NOUN bracis-33629 320 4 to to PART bracis-33629 320 5 clipboard clipboard NOUN bracis-33629 320 6 provided provide VERB bracis-33629 320 7 by by ADP bracis-33629 320 8 the the DET bracis-33629 320 9 springer springer NOUN bracis-33629 320 10 nature nature PROPN bracis-33629 320 11 sharedit sharedit PROPN bracis-33629 320 12 content content NOUN bracis-33629 320 13 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 320 14 sharing share VERB bracis-33629 320 15 initiative initiative NOUN bracis-33629 320 16 keywords keyword NOUN bracis-33629 320 17 sentiment sentiment VERB bracis-33629 320 18 analysis analysis NOUN bracis-33629 320 19 quantification quantification NOUN bracis-33629 320 20 distribution distribution NOUN bracis-33629 320 21 shift shift NOUN bracis-33629 320 22 brazilian brazilian ADJ bracis-33629 320 23 portuguese portuguese PROPN bracis-33629 320 24 publish publish VERB bracis-33629 320 25 with with ADP bracis-33629 320 26 us us PROPN bracis-33629 320 27 policies policy NOUN bracis-33629 320 28 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 320 29 ethics ethic NOUN bracis-33629 320 30 profiles profile NOUN bracis-33629 320 31 diego diego PROPN bracis-33629 320 32 furtado furtado PROPN bracis-33629 320 33 silva silva PROPN bracis-33629 320 34 view view PROPN bracis-33629 320 35 author author NOUN bracis-33629 320 36 profile profile NOUN bracis-33629 320 37 search search NOUN bracis-33629 320 38 search search NOUN bracis-33629 320 39 by by ADP bracis-33629 320 40 keyword keyword NOUN bracis-33629 320 41 or or CCONJ bracis-33629 320 42 author author NOUN bracis-33629 320 43 search search NOUN bracis-33629 320 44 navigation navigation NOUN bracis-33629 320 45 find find VERB bracis-33629 320 46 a a DET bracis-33629 320 47 journal journal NOUN bracis-33629 320 48 publish publish VERB bracis-33629 320 49 with with ADP bracis-33629 320 50 us we PRON bracis-33629 320 51 track track VERB bracis-33629 320 52 your your PRON bracis-33629 320 53 research research NOUN bracis-33629 320 54 discover discover VERB bracis-33629 320 55 content content NOUN bracis-33629 320 56 journals journal NOUN bracis-33629 320 57 a a DET bracis-33629 320 58 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 320 59 z z NOUN bracis-33629 320 60 books book NOUN bracis-33629 320 61 a a DET bracis-33629 320 62 - - PUNCT bracis-33629 320 63 z z NOUN bracis-33629 320 64 publish publish NOUN bracis-33629 320 65 with with ADP bracis-33629 320 66 us us PROPN bracis-33629 320 67 journal journal PROPN bracis-33629 320 68 finder finder PROPN bracis-33629 320 69 publish publish VERB bracis-33629 320 70 your your PRON bracis-33629 320 71 research research NOUN bracis-33629 320 72 language language NOUN bracis-33629 320 73 editing edit VERB bracis-33629 320 74 open open ADJ bracis-33629 320 75 access access NOUN bracis-33629 320 76 publishing publishing NOUN bracis-33629 320 77 products product NOUN bracis-33629 320 78 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 320 79 services service NOUN bracis-33629 320 80 our our PRON bracis-33629 320 81 products product NOUN bracis-33629 320 82 librarians librarian VERB bracis-33629 320 83 societies society NOUN bracis-33629 320 84 partners partner NOUN bracis-33629 320 85 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 320 86 advertisers advertiser NOUN bracis-33629 320 87 our our PRON bracis-33629 320 88 brands brand NOUN bracis-33629 320 89 springer springer NOUN bracis-33629 320 90 nature nature PROPN bracis-33629 320 91 portfolio portfolio PROPN bracis-33629 320 92 bmc bmc PROPN bracis-33629 320 93 palgrave palgrave PROPN bracis-33629 320 94 macmillan macmillan PROPN bracis-33629 320 95 apress apress PROPN bracis-33629 320 96 discover discover VERB bracis-33629 320 97 your your PRON bracis-33629 320 98 privacy privacy NOUN bracis-33629 320 99 choices choice NOUN bracis-33629 320 100 / / SYM bracis-33629 320 101 manage manage NOUN bracis-33629 320 102 cookies cookie NOUN bracis-33629 320 103 your your PRON bracis-33629 320 104 us us PROPN bracis-33629 321 1 state state NOUN bracis-33629 321 2 privacy privacy NOUN bracis-33629 321 3 rights right NOUN bracis-33629 321 4 accessibility accessibility NOUN bracis-33629 321 5 statement statement NOUN bracis-33629 321 6 terms term NOUN bracis-33629 321 7 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 321 8 conditions condition NOUN bracis-33629 321 9 privacy privacy NOUN bracis-33629 321 10 policy policy NOUN bracis-33629 321 11 help help NOUN bracis-33629 321 12 and and CCONJ bracis-33629 321 13 support support VERB bracis-33629 321 14 legal legal ADJ bracis-33629 321 15 notice notice NOUN bracis-33629 321 16 cancel cancel VERB bracis-33629 321 17 contracts contract NOUN bracis-33629 321 18 here here ADV bracis-33629 321 19 129.74.145.123 129.74.145.123 NUM bracis-33629 321 20 hesburgh hesburgh PROPN bracis-33629 321 21 library library PROPN bracis-33629 321 22 er er INTJ bracis-33629 321 23 unit unit NOUN bracis-33629 321 24 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 321 25 3005732405 3005732405 NUM bracis-33629 321 26 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 321 27 northeast northeast ADJ bracis-33629 321 28 research research NOUN bracis-33629 321 29 libraries library NOUN bracis-33629 321 30 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 321 31 nerl nerl PROPN bracis-33629 321 32 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 321 33 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 321 34 8200828607 8200828607 NUM bracis-33629 321 35 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 321 36 nerl nerl VERB bracis-33629 321 37 ta ta X bracis-33629 321 38 account account NOUN bracis-33629 321 39 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 321 40 3006206169 3006206169 NUM bracis-33629 321 41 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 321 42 university university NOUN bracis-33629 321 43 of of ADP bracis-33629 321 44 notre notre PROPN bracis-33629 321 45 dame dame PROPN bracis-33629 321 46 hesburgh hesburgh PROPN bracis-33629 321 47 library library NOUN bracis-33629 321 48 ( ( PUNCT bracis-33629 321 49 3000184373 3000184373 NUM bracis-33629 321 50 ) ) PUNCT bracis-33629 322 1 © © ADP bracis-33629 322 2 2025 2025 NUM bracis-33629 322 3 springer springer NOUN bracis-33629 322 4 nature nature NOUN