id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentence	flesch	summary	cache	txt
anesthj-70	Wood, MSNA, CRNA, Eric R.	Efficacy of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine as a Preoperative Anxiolytic in Children: A Systematic Review	2017	7	.pdf	application/pdf	3347	182	47	The most common negative behavior responses include separation anxiety, eating problems, nightmares, aggression toward authority, and temper tantrums.1,2 Problems with eating and sleeping may be attributable to the fact that children with increased preoperative anxiety often experience a more painful and slower recovery than those with low anxiety levels.2 Predictors of preoperative anxiety include increased parental anxiety, a low activity level, a less sociable temperament, and a history of poor-quality medical In an older study by Yuen et al, the participants were given premedication 60 min before the induction of general anesthesia; the authors measured anxiety by evaluating behavior at parental separation by using a 4-point Likert-type behavior scale (a score of 1 indicated “calm and cooperative” and a score of 4 indicated “crying or resisting”).19 By contrast, both Ghali et al and Linares Segovia et al utilized the validated modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (mYPAS) to evaluate anxiety at the time of transfer to the operating room.20-22 The mYPAS, which can be performed by an observer in less than 1 min,20 contains 22 items within 5 categories.20,21 The categories include activity, emotional expressivity, state of arousal, vocalization, and use of adults.20,21 Scores range from 23 to 100, with an increased score indicating an increased anxiety state.20 Primary conclusions At the time of parental separation, Yuen et al found no significant difference in behavior scores between the oral midazolam group and the 2 IN DEX dose groups (P = 0.771).19	cache/anesthj-70.pdf	txt/anesthj-70.txt