id sid tid token lemma pos anesthj-113 1 1 volume volume NOUN anesthj-113 1 2 7no 7no NOUN anesthj-113 1 3 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 2 1 2 2 NUM anesthj-113 2 2 2019 2019 NUM anesthj-113 2 3 educated educate VERB anesthj-113 2 4 hand hand NOUN anesthj-113 2 5 publishing publishing NOUN anesthj-113 2 6 llc llc NOUN anesthj-113 2 7 “ " PUNCT anesthj-113 2 8 the the DET anesthj-113 2 9 science science NOUN anesthj-113 2 10 behind behind ADP anesthj-113 2 11 the the DET anesthj-113 2 12 art art NOUN anesthj-113 2 13 ” " PUNCT anesthj-113 2 14 volume volume NOUN anesthj-113 2 15 7 7 NUM anesthj-113 2 16 no no NOUN anesthj-113 2 17 . . NOUN anesthj-113 2 18 2 2 NUM anesthj-113 2 19 2019 2019 NUM anesthj-113 2 20 anesthesia anesthesia NOUN anesthj-113 2 21 ejournal ejournal PROPN anesthj-113 2 22 online online PROPN anesthj-113 2 23 issn issn PROPN anesthj-113 2 24 2333 2333 NUM anesthj-113 2 25 - - SYM anesthj-113 2 26 2611 2611 NUM anesthj-113 2 27 page page NOUN anesthj-113 2 28 5 5 NUM anesthj-113 2 29 use use NOUN anesthj-113 2 30 of of ADP anesthj-113 2 31 clevidipine clevidipine NOUN anesthj-113 2 32 as as ADP anesthj-113 2 33 an an DET anesthj-113 2 34 alternative alternative NOUN anesthj-113 2 35 to to ADP anesthj-113 2 36 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin NOUN anesthj-113 2 37 in in ADP anesthj-113 2 38 cardiac cardiac ADJ anesthj-113 2 39 surgery surgery NOUN anesthj-113 2 40 : : PUNCT anesthj-113 2 41 case case NOUN anesthj-113 2 42 report report NOUN anesthj-113 2 43 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 2 44 current current ADJ anesthj-113 2 45 literature literature PROPN anesthj-113 2 46 kate kate PROPN anesthj-113 2 47 cloud cloud PROPN anesthj-113 2 48 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 2 49 dnp dnp PROPN anesthj-113 2 50 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 2 51 crna crna PROPN anesthj-113 2 52 monica monica PROPN anesthj-113 2 53 jenschke jenschke PROPN anesthj-113 2 54 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 2 55 phd phd NOUN anesthj-113 2 56 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 2 57 crna crna NOUN anesthj-113 2 58 affiliation affiliation NOUN anesthj-113 2 59 : : PUNCT anesthj-113 2 60 school school NOUN anesthj-113 2 61 of of ADP anesthj-113 2 62 nurse nurse PROPN anesthj-113 2 63 anesthesia anesthesia PROPN anesthj-113 2 64 at at ADP anesthj-113 2 65 texas texas PROPN anesthj-113 2 66 christian christian PROPN anesthj-113 2 67 university university PROPN anesthj-113 2 68 funding funding NOUN anesthj-113 2 69 / / SYM anesthj-113 2 70 conflict conflict NOUN anesthj-113 2 71 of of ADP anesthj-113 2 72 interest interest NOUN anesthj-113 2 73 disclosure disclosure NOUN anesthj-113 2 74 : : PUNCT anesthj-113 2 75 none none NOUN anesthj-113 2 76 keywords keyword VERB anesthj-113 2 77 : : PUNCT anesthj-113 2 78 clevidipine clevidipine NOUN anesthj-113 2 79 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 2 80 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin ADJ anesthj-113 2 81 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 2 82 hypotension hypotension NOUN anesthj-113 2 83 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 2 84 anesthesia anesthesia PROPN anesthj-113 2 85 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 2 86 perfusion perfusion NOUN anesthj-113 2 87 introduction introduction NOUN anesthj-113 2 88 this this DET anesthj-113 2 89 report report NOUN anesthj-113 2 90 summarizes summarize VERB anesthj-113 2 91 a a DET anesthj-113 2 92 case case NOUN anesthj-113 2 93 of of ADP anesthj-113 2 94 tachyphylaxis tachyphylaxis NOUN anesthj-113 2 95 to to ADP anesthj-113 2 96 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin NOUN anesthj-113 2 97 that that PRON anesthj-113 2 98 occurred occur VERB anesthj-113 2 99 intraoperatively intraoperatively ADV anesthj-113 2 100 during during ADP anesthj-113 2 101 cardiac cardiac ADJ anesthj-113 2 102 surgery surgery NOUN anesthj-113 2 103 in in ADP anesthj-113 2 104 a a DET anesthj-113 2 105 patient patient NOUN anesthj-113 2 106 in in ADP anesthj-113 2 107 whom whom PRON anesthj-113 2 108 therapeutic therapeutic ADJ anesthj-113 2 109 hypotension hypotension NOUN anesthj-113 2 110 was be AUX anesthj-113 2 111 being be AUX anesthj-113 2 112 induced induce VERB anesthj-113 2 113 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 3 1 the the DET anesthj-113 3 2 anesthesia anesthesia PROPN anesthj-113 3 3 providers provider NOUN anesthj-113 3 4 were be AUX anesthj-113 3 5 prepared prepare VERB anesthj-113 3 6 with with ADP anesthj-113 3 7 an an DET anesthj-113 3 8 ample ample ADJ anesthj-113 3 9 supply supply NOUN anesthj-113 3 10 of of ADP anesthj-113 3 11 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin NOUN anesthj-113 3 12 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 3 13 had have VERB anesthj-113 3 14 other other ADJ anesthj-113 3 15 antihypertensive antihypertensive ADJ anesthj-113 3 16 agents agent NOUN anesthj-113 3 17 such such ADJ anesthj-113 3 18 as as ADP anesthj-113 3 19 hydralazine hydralazine NOUN anesthj-113 3 20 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 3 21 labetalol labetalol NOUN anesthj-113 3 22 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 3 23 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 3 24 esmolol esmolol PROPN anesthj-113 3 25 available available ADJ anesthj-113 3 26 in in ADP anesthj-113 3 27 the the DET anesthj-113 3 28 operating operating NOUN anesthj-113 3 29 room room NOUN anesthj-113 3 30 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 4 1 however however ADV anesthj-113 4 2 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 4 3 the the DET anesthj-113 4 4 ideal ideal ADJ anesthj-113 4 5 medication medication NOUN anesthj-113 4 6 for for ADP anesthj-113 4 7 inducing induce VERB anesthj-113 4 8 therapeutic therapeutic ADJ anesthj-113 4 9 hypotension hypotension NOUN anesthj-113 4 10 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 4 11 most most ADV anesthj-113 4 12 similar similar ADJ anesthj-113 4 13 to to ADP anesthj-113 4 14 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin NOUN anesthj-113 4 15 in in ADP anesthj-113 4 16 its its PRON anesthj-113 4 17 ability ability NOUN anesthj-113 4 18 to to PART anesthj-113 4 19 create create VERB anesthj-113 4 20 rapid rapid ADJ anesthj-113 4 21 - - PUNCT anesthj-113 4 22 onset onset NOUN anesthj-113 4 23 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 4 24 transient transient ADJ anesthj-113 4 25 hypotension hypotension NOUN anesthj-113 4 26 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 4 27 ie ie X anesthj-113 4 28 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 4 29 clevidipine clevidipine NOUN anesthj-113 4 30 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 4 31 was be AUX anesthj-113 4 32 not not PART anesthj-113 4 33 readily readily ADV anesthj-113 4 34 available available ADJ anesthj-113 4 35 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 5 1 the the DET anesthj-113 5 2 therapeutic therapeutic ADJ anesthj-113 5 3 hypotension hypotension NOUN anesthj-113 5 4 had have AUX anesthj-113 5 5 been be AUX anesthj-113 5 6 requested request VERB anesthj-113 5 7 by by ADP anesthj-113 5 8 the the DET anesthj-113 5 9 surgeon surgeon NOUN anesthj-113 5 10 for for ADP anesthj-113 5 11 surgical surgical ADJ anesthj-113 5 12 optimization optimization NOUN anesthj-113 5 13 ; ; PUNCT anesthj-113 5 14 thus thus ADV anesthj-113 5 15 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 5 16 the the DET anesthj-113 5 17 patient patient NOUN anesthj-113 5 18 experienced experience VERB anesthj-113 5 19 no no DET anesthj-113 5 20 harm harm NOUN anesthj-113 5 21 despite despite SCONJ anesthj-113 5 22 the the DET anesthj-113 5 23 lack lack NOUN anesthj-113 5 24 of of ADP anesthj-113 5 25 expected expect VERB anesthj-113 5 26 response response NOUN anesthj-113 5 27 to to ADP anesthj-113 5 28 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin NOUN anesthj-113 5 29 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 5 30 delay delay VERB anesthj-113 5 31 in in ADP anesthj-113 5 32 onset onset NOUN anesthj-113 5 33 of of ADP anesthj-113 5 34 therapeutic therapeutic ADJ anesthj-113 5 35 hypotension hypotension NOUN anesthj-113 5 36 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 6 1 however however ADV anesthj-113 6 2 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 6 3 the the DET anesthj-113 6 4 anesthesia anesthesia NOUN anesthj-113 6 5 providers provider NOUN anesthj-113 6 6 recognized recognize VERB anesthj-113 6 7 the the DET anesthj-113 6 8 need need NOUN anesthj-113 6 9 to to PART anesthj-113 6 10 avoid avoid VERB anesthj-113 6 11 similar similar ADJ anesthj-113 6 12 hemodynamic hemodynamic ADJ anesthj-113 6 13 delays delay NOUN anesthj-113 6 14 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 6 15 particularly particularly ADV anesthj-113 6 16 in in ADP anesthj-113 6 17 less less ADJ anesthj-113 6 18 forgiving forgiving ADJ anesthj-113 6 19 scenarios scenario NOUN anesthj-113 6 20 in in ADP anesthj-113 6 21 which which PRON anesthj-113 6 22 timing timing NOUN anesthj-113 6 23 is be AUX anesthj-113 6 24 crucial crucial ADJ anesthj-113 6 25 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 7 1 abstract abstract ADJ anesthj-113 7 2 cardiac cardiac ADJ anesthj-113 7 3 surgery surgery NOUN anesthj-113 7 4 requires require VERB anesthj-113 7 5 periods period NOUN anesthj-113 7 6 of of ADP anesthj-113 7 7 therapeutic therapeutic ADJ anesthj-113 7 8 hypotension hypotension NOUN anesthj-113 7 9 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 8 1 anesthesia anesthesia PROPN anesthj-113 8 2 providers provider NOUN anesthj-113 8 3 often often ADV anesthj-113 8 4 administer administer VERB anesthj-113 8 5 intravenous intravenous ADJ anesthj-113 8 6 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin NOUN anesthj-113 8 7 to to PART anesthj-113 8 8 accomplish accomplish VERB anesthj-113 8 9 these these DET anesthj-113 8 10 meticulous meticulous ADJ anesthj-113 8 11 hemodynamic hemodynamic ADJ anesthj-113 8 12 goals goal NOUN anesthj-113 8 13 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 9 1 however however ADV anesthj-113 9 2 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 9 3 patients patient NOUN anesthj-113 9 4 can can AUX anesthj-113 9 5 manifest manifest VERB anesthj-113 9 6 adverse adverse ADJ anesthj-113 9 7 responses response NOUN anesthj-113 9 8 to to ADP anesthj-113 9 9 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin NOUN anesthj-113 9 10 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 9 11 such such ADJ anesthj-113 9 12 as as ADP anesthj-113 9 13 decreased decrease VERB anesthj-113 9 14 stroke stroke NOUN anesthj-113 9 15 volume volume NOUN anesthj-113 9 16 ; ; PUNCT anesthj-113 9 17 decreased decrease VERB anesthj-113 9 18 cardiac cardiac ADJ anesthj-113 9 19 output output NOUN anesthj-113 9 20 ; ; PUNCT anesthj-113 9 21 decreased decrease VERB anesthj-113 9 22 renal renal ADJ anesthj-113 9 23 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 9 24 splanchnic splanchnic ADJ anesthj-113 9 25 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 9 26 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 9 27 cerebral cerebral ADJ anesthj-113 9 28 perfusion perfusion NOUN anesthj-113 9 29 ; ; PUNCT anesthj-113 9 30 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 9 31 tolerance tolerance NOUN anesthj-113 9 32 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 10 1 this this DET anesthj-113 10 2 report report NOUN anesthj-113 10 3 summarizes summarize VERB anesthj-113 10 4 a a DET anesthj-113 10 5 case case NOUN anesthj-113 10 6 of of ADP anesthj-113 10 7 tachyphylaxis tachyphylaxis NOUN anesthj-113 10 8 to to ADP anesthj-113 10 9 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin NOUN anesthj-113 10 10 that that PRON anesthj-113 10 11 occurred occur VERB anesthj-113 10 12 intraoperatively intraoperatively ADV anesthj-113 10 13 in in ADP anesthj-113 10 14 a a DET anesthj-113 10 15 patient patient NOUN anesthj-113 10 16 undergoing undergo VERB anesthj-113 10 17 cardiac cardiac ADJ anesthj-113 10 18 surgery surgery NOUN anesthj-113 10 19 in in ADP anesthj-113 10 20 whom whom PRON anesthj-113 10 21 therapeutic therapeutic ADJ anesthj-113 10 22 hypotension hypotension NOUN anesthj-113 10 23 was be AUX anesthj-113 10 24 being be AUX anesthj-113 10 25 induced induce VERB anesthj-113 10 26 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 11 1 in in ADP anesthj-113 11 2 situations situation NOUN anesthj-113 11 3 such such ADJ anesthj-113 11 4 as as ADP anesthj-113 11 5 this this PRON anesthj-113 11 6 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 11 7 an an DET anesthj-113 11 8 alternative alternative ADJ anesthj-113 11 9 medication medication NOUN anesthj-113 11 10 is be AUX anesthj-113 11 11 needed need VERB anesthj-113 11 12 that that PRON anesthj-113 11 13 is be AUX anesthj-113 11 14 just just ADV anesthj-113 11 15 as as ADV anesthj-113 11 16 effective effective ADJ anesthj-113 11 17 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 11 18 safe safe ADJ anesthj-113 11 19 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 12 1 clevidipine clevidipine NOUN anesthj-113 12 2 is be AUX anesthj-113 12 3 currently currently ADV anesthj-113 12 4 the the DET anesthj-113 12 5 best good ADJ anesthj-113 12 6 choice choice NOUN anesthj-113 12 7 for for ADP anesthj-113 12 8 this this PRON anesthj-113 12 9 because because SCONJ anesthj-113 12 10 of of ADP anesthj-113 12 11 its its PRON anesthj-113 12 12 rapid rapid ADJ anesthj-113 12 13 onset onset NOUN anesthj-113 12 14 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 12 15 termination termination NOUN anesthj-113 12 16 of of ADP anesthj-113 12 17 action action NOUN anesthj-113 12 18 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 12 19 specific specific ADJ anesthj-113 12 20 arterial arterial ADJ anesthj-113 12 21 effects effect NOUN anesthj-113 12 22 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 13 1 multiple multiple ADJ anesthj-113 13 2 studies study NOUN anesthj-113 13 3 have have AUX anesthj-113 13 4 shown show VERB anesthj-113 13 5 that that SCONJ anesthj-113 13 6 clevidipine clevidipine NOUN anesthj-113 13 7 is be AUX anesthj-113 13 8 as as ADV anesthj-113 13 9 effective effective ADJ anesthj-113 13 10 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 13 11 safe safe ADJ anesthj-113 13 12 as as ADP anesthj-113 13 13 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin NOUN anesthj-113 13 14 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 14 1 aej aej PROPN anesthj-113 14 2 anesthesia anesthesia PROPN anesthj-113 14 3 ejournal ejournal PROPN anesthj-113 14 4 www.anesthesiaejournal.com www.anesthesiaejournal.com PROPN anesthj-113 14 5 volume volume NOUN anesthj-113 14 6 7 7 NUM anesthj-113 14 7 no.2 no.2 PROPN anesthj-113 14 8 2019 2019 NUM anesthj-113 14 9 page page NOUN anesthj-113 14 10 6 6 NUM anesthj-113 14 11 case case NOUN anesthj-113 14 12 summary summary VERB anesthj-113 14 13 a a DET anesthj-113 14 14 70 70 NUM anesthj-113 14 15 - - PUNCT anesthj-113 14 16 year year NOUN anesthj-113 14 17 - - PUNCT anesthj-113 14 18 old old ADJ anesthj-113 14 19 man man NOUN anesthj-113 14 20 presented present VERB anesthj-113 14 21 for for ADP anesthj-113 14 22 off off ADP anesthj-113 14 23 - - PUNCT anesthj-113 14 24 pump pump VERB anesthj-113 14 25 coronary coronary ADJ anesthj-113 14 26 artery artery NOUN anesthj-113 14 27 bypass bypass NOUN anesthj-113 14 28 grafting grafting NOUN anesthj-113 14 29 ( ( PUNCT anesthj-113 14 30 cabg cabg ADJ anesthj-113 14 31 ) ) PUNCT anesthj-113 14 32 surgery surgery NOUN anesthj-113 14 33 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 15 1 the the DET anesthj-113 15 2 patient patient NOUN anesthj-113 15 3 was be AUX anesthj-113 15 4 170 170 NUM anesthj-113 15 5 cm cm NOUN anesthj-113 15 6 tall tall ADJ anesthj-113 15 7 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 15 8 weighed weigh VERB anesthj-113 15 9 89 89 NUM anesthj-113 15 10 kg kg NOUN anesthj-113 15 11 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 15 12 had have VERB anesthj-113 15 13 a a DET anesthj-113 15 14 body body NOUN anesthj-113 15 15 mass mass NOUN anesthj-113 15 16 index index NOUN anesthj-113 15 17 of of ADP anesthj-113 15 18 31 31 NUM anesthj-113 15 19 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 15 20 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 15 21 received receive VERB anesthj-113 15 22 a a DET anesthj-113 15 23 physical physical ADJ anesthj-113 15 24 status status NOUN anesthj-113 15 25 indicator indicator NOUN anesthj-113 15 26 of of ADP anesthj-113 15 27 4 4 NUM anesthj-113 15 28 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 16 1 he he PRON anesthj-113 16 2 denied deny VERB anesthj-113 16 3 any any DET anesthj-113 16 4 drug drug NOUN anesthj-113 16 5 allergies allergy NOUN anesthj-113 16 6 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 17 1 aspirin aspirin PROPN anesthj-113 17 2 81 81 NUM anesthj-113 17 3 mg mg ADV anesthj-113 17 4 orally orally ADV anesthj-113 17 5 twice twice DET anesthj-113 17 6 a a DET anesthj-113 17 7 day day NOUN anesthj-113 17 8 was be AUX anesthj-113 17 9 his his PRON anesthj-113 17 10 only only ADJ anesthj-113 17 11 home home NOUN anesthj-113 17 12 medication medication NOUN anesthj-113 17 13 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 18 1 however however ADV anesthj-113 18 2 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 18 3 his his PRON anesthj-113 18 4 medical medical ADJ anesthj-113 18 5 history history NOUN anesthj-113 18 6 included include VERB anesthj-113 18 7 hypertension hypertension NOUN anesthj-113 18 8 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 18 9 coronary coronary ADJ anesthj-113 18 10 artery artery NOUN anesthj-113 18 11 disease disease NOUN anesthj-113 18 12 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 18 13 angina angina NOUN anesthj-113 18 14 with with ADP anesthj-113 18 15 exertion exertion NOUN anesthj-113 18 16 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 18 17 peripheral peripheral ADJ anesthj-113 18 18 vascular vascular ADJ anesthj-113 18 19 disease disease NOUN anesthj-113 18 20 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 18 21 chronic chronic ADJ anesthj-113 18 22 obstructive obstructive ADJ anesthj-113 18 23 pulmonary pulmonary ADJ anesthj-113 18 24 disease disease NOUN anesthj-113 18 25 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 18 26 osteoarthritis osteoarthritis NOUN anesthj-113 18 27 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 18 28 degenerative degenerative ADJ anesthj-113 18 29 disc disc NOUN anesthj-113 18 30 disease disease NOUN anesthj-113 18 31 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 18 32 vertigo vertigo NOUN anesthj-113 18 33 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 18 34 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 18 35 an an DET anesthj-113 18 36 asymptomatic asymptomatic ADJ anesthj-113 18 37 infrarenal infrarenal ADJ anesthj-113 18 38 abdominal abdominal ADJ anesthj-113 18 39 aortic aortic ADJ anesthj-113 18 40 aneurysm aneurysm NOUN anesthj-113 18 41 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 19 1 the the DET anesthj-113 19 2 patient patient NOUN anesthj-113 19 3 quit quit VERB anesthj-113 19 4 smoking smoking NOUN anesthj-113 19 5 10 10 NUM anesthj-113 19 6 years year NOUN anesthj-113 19 7 ago ago ADV anesthj-113 19 8 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 19 9 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 19 10 reported report VERB anesthj-113 19 11 alcohol alcohol NOUN anesthj-113 19 12 consumption consumption NOUN anesthj-113 19 13 3 3 NUM anesthj-113 19 14 times time NOUN anesthj-113 19 15 per per ADP anesthj-113 19 16 week week NOUN anesthj-113 19 17 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 20 1 a a DET anesthj-113 20 2 chest chest NOUN anesthj-113 20 3 x x NOUN anesthj-113 20 4 - - NOUN anesthj-113 20 5 ray ray NOUN anesthj-113 20 6 showed show VERB anesthj-113 20 7 signs sign NOUN anesthj-113 20 8 of of ADP anesthj-113 20 9 mild mild ADJ anesthj-113 20 10 emphysema emphysema NOUN anesthj-113 20 11 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 20 12 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 20 13 the the DET anesthj-113 20 14 patient patient NOUN anesthj-113 20 15 ’s ’s PART anesthj-113 20 16 lungs lung NOUN anesthj-113 20 17 were be AUX anesthj-113 20 18 clear clear ADJ anesthj-113 20 19 to to ADP anesthj-113 20 20 auscultation auscultation NOUN anesthj-113 20 21 bilaterally bilaterally ADV anesthj-113 20 22 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 21 1 a a DET anesthj-113 21 2 2d 2d NUM anesthj-113 21 3 echocardiogram echocardiogram NOUN anesthj-113 21 4 revealed reveal VERB anesthj-113 21 5 mild mild ADJ anesthj-113 21 6 concentric concentric ADJ anesthj-113 21 7 hypertrophy hypertrophy NOUN anesthj-113 21 8 of of ADP anesthj-113 21 9 the the DET anesthj-113 21 10 patient patient NOUN anesthj-113 21 11 ’s ’s PART anesthj-113 21 12 heart heart NOUN anesthj-113 21 13 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 21 14 left leave VERB anesthj-113 21 15 ventricular ventricular ADJ anesthj-113 21 16 diastolic diastolic ADJ anesthj-113 21 17 dysfunction dysfunction NOUN anesthj-113 21 18 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 21 19 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 21 20 an an DET anesthj-113 21 21 ejection ejection NOUN anesthj-113 21 22 fraction fraction NOUN anesthj-113 21 23 of of ADP anesthj-113 21 24 about about ADV anesthj-113 21 25 55%-65 55%-65 NUM anesthj-113 21 26 % % NOUN anesthj-113 21 27 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 22 1 heart heart NOUN anesthj-113 22 2 tones tone NOUN anesthj-113 22 3 were be AUX anesthj-113 22 4 regular regular ADJ anesthj-113 22 5 to to ADP anesthj-113 22 6 auscultation auscultation NOUN anesthj-113 22 7 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 23 1 preoperative preoperative ADJ anesthj-113 23 2 laboratory laboratory NOUN anesthj-113 23 3 results result NOUN anesthj-113 23 4 included include VERB anesthj-113 23 5 a a DET anesthj-113 23 6 hemoglobin hemoglobin NOUN anesthj-113 23 7 of of ADP anesthj-113 23 8 14 14 NUM anesthj-113 23 9 g/ g/ NOUN anesthj-113 23 10 dl dl PROPN anesthj-113 23 11 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 23 12 hematocrit hematocrit PROPN anesthj-113 23 13 of of ADP anesthj-113 23 14 44 44 NUM anesthj-113 23 15 % % NOUN anesthj-113 23 16 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 23 17 creatinine creatinine NOUN anesthj-113 23 18 of of ADP anesthj-113 23 19 0.9 0.9 NUM anesthj-113 23 20 mg mg PROPN anesthj-113 23 21 / / SYM anesthj-113 23 22 dl dl PROPN anesthj-113 23 23 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 23 24 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 23 25 potassium potassium NOUN anesthj-113 23 26 of of ADP anesthj-113 23 27 4.3 4.3 NUM anesthj-113 23 28 meq meq NOUN anesthj-113 23 29 / / SYM anesthj-113 23 30 l. l. PROPN anesthj-113 23 31 airway airway PROPN anesthj-113 23 32 assessment assessment NOUN anesthj-113 23 33 showed show VERB anesthj-113 23 34 the the DET anesthj-113 23 35 patient patient NOUN anesthj-113 23 36 to to PART anesthj-113 23 37 have have VERB anesthj-113 23 38 full full ADJ anesthj-113 23 39 range range NOUN anesthj-113 23 40 of of ADP anesthj-113 23 41 motion motion NOUN anesthj-113 23 42 of of ADP anesthj-113 23 43 his his PRON anesthj-113 23 44 neck neck NOUN anesthj-113 23 45 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 23 46 interincisor interincisor NOUN anesthj-113 23 47 distance distance NOUN anesthj-113 23 48 of of ADP anesthj-113 23 49 3 3 NUM anesthj-113 23 50 cm cm NOUN anesthj-113 23 51 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 23 52 temporomandibular temporomandibular ADJ anesthj-113 23 53 distance distance NOUN anesthj-113 23 54 of of ADP anesthj-113 23 55 3 3 NUM anesthj-113 23 56 cm cm NOUN anesthj-113 23 57 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 23 58 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 23 59 a a DET anesthj-113 23 60 mallampati mallampati NOUN anesthj-113 23 61 score score NOUN anesthj-113 23 62 of of ADP anesthj-113 23 63 2 2 NUM anesthj-113 23 64 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 23 65 general general PROPN anesthj-113 23 66 anesthesia anesthesia PROPN anesthj-113 23 67 was be AUX anesthj-113 23 68 induced induce VERB anesthj-113 23 69 with with ADP anesthj-113 23 70 midazolam midazolam PROPN anesthj-113 23 71 5 5 NUM anesthj-113 23 72 mg mg NOUN anesthj-113 23 73 intravenous intravenous ADJ anesthj-113 23 74 ( ( PUNCT anesthj-113 23 75 iv iv NUM anesthj-113 23 76 ) ) PUNCT anesthj-113 23 77 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 23 78 sufentanil sufentanil VERB anesthj-113 23 79 50 50 NUM anesthj-113 23 80 mcg mcg NOUN anesthj-113 23 81 iv iv NUM anesthj-113 23 82 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 23 83 propofol propofol NOUN anesthj-113 23 84 150 150 NUM anesthj-113 23 85 mg mg NOUN anesthj-113 23 86 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 23 87 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 23 88 inhaled inhale VERB anesthj-113 23 89 sevoflurane sevoflurane NOUN anesthj-113 23 90 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 24 1 the the DET anesthj-113 24 2 patient patient NOUN anesthj-113 24 3 also also ADV anesthj-113 24 4 received receive VERB anesthj-113 24 5 vecuronium vecuronium NOUN anesthj-113 24 6 10 10 NUM anesthj-113 24 7 mg mg NUM anesthj-113 24 8 iv iv NUM anesthj-113 24 9 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 25 1 the the DET anesthj-113 25 2 airway airway NOUN anesthj-113 25 3 was be AUX anesthj-113 25 4 secured secure VERB anesthj-113 25 5 with with ADP anesthj-113 25 6 an an DET anesthj-113 25 7 8 8 NUM anesthj-113 25 8 - - PUNCT anesthj-113 25 9 mm mm NOUN anesthj-113 25 10 endotracheal endotracheal NOUN anesthj-113 25 11 tube tube NOUN anesthj-113 25 12 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 26 1 acetaminophen acetaminophen NOUN anesthj-113 26 2 1000 1000 NUM anesthj-113 26 3 mg mg NOUN anesthj-113 27 1 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 27 2 cefazolin cefazolin PROPN anesthj-113 27 3 2 2 NUM anesthj-113 27 4 g g NOUN anesthj-113 27 5 were be AUX anesthj-113 27 6 given give VERB anesthj-113 27 7 as as ADP anesthj-113 27 8 iv iv NUM anesthj-113 27 9 infusions infusion NOUN anesthj-113 27 10 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 28 1 a a DET anesthj-113 28 2 central central ADJ anesthj-113 28 3 venous venous ADJ anesthj-113 28 4 introducer introducer NOUN anesthj-113 28 5 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 28 6 pulmonary pulmonary ADJ anesthj-113 28 7 artery artery NOUN anesthj-113 28 8 catheter catheter NOUN anesthj-113 28 9 were be AUX anesthj-113 28 10 placed place VERB anesthj-113 28 11 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 29 1 transesophageal transesophageal PROPN anesthj-113 29 2 echocardiography echocardiography NOUN anesthj-113 29 3 ( ( PUNCT anesthj-113 29 4 tee tee NOUN anesthj-113 29 5 ) ) PUNCT anesthj-113 29 6 was be AUX anesthj-113 29 7 performed perform VERB anesthj-113 29 8 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 30 1 the the DET anesthj-113 30 2 mediastinum mediastinum NOUN anesthj-113 30 3 was be AUX anesthj-113 30 4 accessed access VERB anesthj-113 30 5 via via ADP anesthj-113 30 6 midline midline NOUN anesthj-113 30 7 sternotomy sternotomy NOUN anesthj-113 30 8 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 30 9 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 30 10 the the DET anesthj-113 30 11 surgeon surgeon NOUN anesthj-113 30 12 began begin VERB anesthj-113 30 13 to to PART anesthj-113 30 14 harvest harvest VERB anesthj-113 30 15 the the DET anesthj-113 30 16 internal internal ADJ anesthj-113 30 17 mammary mammary ADJ anesthj-113 30 18 artery artery NOUN anesthj-113 30 19 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 30 20 tack tack VERB anesthj-113 30 21 up up ADP anesthj-113 30 22 the the DET anesthj-113 30 23 pericardium pericardium NOUN anesthj-113 30 24 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 31 1 when when SCONJ anesthj-113 31 2 the the DET anesthj-113 31 3 heart heart NOUN anesthj-113 31 4 was be AUX anesthj-113 31 5 manipulated manipulate VERB anesthj-113 31 6 for for ADP anesthj-113 31 7 off off ADP anesthj-113 31 8 - - PUNCT anesthj-113 31 9 pump pump NOUN anesthj-113 31 10 grafting grafting NOUN anesthj-113 31 11 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 31 12 the the DET anesthj-113 31 13 pulmonary pulmonary ADJ anesthj-113 31 14 arterial arterial NOUN anesthj-113 31 15 systolic systolic ADJ anesthj-113 31 16 pressure pressure NOUN anesthj-113 31 17 increased increase VERB anesthj-113 31 18 suddenly suddenly ADV anesthj-113 31 19 from from ADP anesthj-113 31 20 30 30 NUM anesthj-113 31 21 mm mm PROPN anesthj-113 31 22 hg hg NOUN anesthj-113 31 23 to to ADP anesthj-113 31 24 80 80 NUM anesthj-113 31 25 mm mm NUM anesthj-113 31 26 hg hg PROPN anesthj-113 31 27 . . PROPN anesthj-113 31 28 st st PROPN anesthj-113 31 29 segment segment PROPN anesthj-113 31 30 changes change NOUN anesthj-113 31 31 were be AUX anesthj-113 31 32 noted note VERB anesthj-113 31 33 per per ADP anesthj-113 31 34 electrocardiogram electrocardiogram NOUN anesthj-113 31 35 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 31 36 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 31 37 tee tee NOUN anesthj-113 31 38 revealed reveal VERB anesthj-113 31 39 hypokinesis hypokinesis NOUN anesthj-113 31 40 of of ADP anesthj-113 31 41 the the DET anesthj-113 31 42 lateral lateral ADJ anesthj-113 31 43 wall wall NOUN anesthj-113 31 44 of of ADP anesthj-113 31 45 the the DET anesthj-113 31 46 heart heart NOUN anesthj-113 31 47 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 32 1 the the DET anesthj-113 32 2 decision decision NOUN anesthj-113 32 3 was be AUX anesthj-113 32 4 made make VERB anesthj-113 32 5 to to PART anesthj-113 32 6 abort abort VERB anesthj-113 32 7 the the DET anesthj-113 32 8 off off ADP anesthj-113 32 9 - - PUNCT anesthj-113 32 10 pump pump NOUN anesthj-113 32 11 attempt attempt NOUN anesthj-113 32 12 at at ADP anesthj-113 32 13 grafting grafting NOUN anesthj-113 32 14 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 32 15 to to PART anesthj-113 32 16 initiate initiate VERB anesthj-113 32 17 cardiopulmonary cardiopulmonary ADJ anesthj-113 32 18 bypass bypass NOUN anesthj-113 32 19 ( ( PUNCT anesthj-113 32 20 cpb cpb NOUN anesthj-113 32 21 ) ) PUNCT anesthj-113 32 22 to to PART anesthj-113 32 23 complete complete VERB anesthj-113 32 24 the the DET anesthj-113 32 25 procedure procedure NOUN anesthj-113 32 26 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 33 1 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin PROPN anesthj-113 33 2 was be AUX anesthj-113 33 3 administered administer VERB anesthj-113 33 4 in in ADP anesthj-113 33 5 40 40 NUM anesthj-113 33 6 - - SYM anesthj-113 33 7 80 80 NUM anesthj-113 33 8 mcg mcg NOUN anesthj-113 33 9 intermittent intermittent NOUN anesthj-113 33 10 iv iv NUM anesthj-113 33 11 boluses bolus NOUN anesthj-113 33 12 to to PART anesthj-113 33 13 maintain maintain VERB anesthj-113 33 14 systolic systolic ADJ anesthj-113 33 15 blood blood NOUN anesthj-113 33 16 pressure pressure NOUN anesthj-113 33 17 ( ( PUNCT anesthj-113 33 18 bp bp PROPN anesthj-113 33 19 ) ) PUNCT anesthj-113 33 20 at at ADP anesthj-113 33 21 less less ADJ anesthj-113 33 22 than than ADP anesthj-113 33 23 100 100 NUM anesthj-113 33 24 mm mm NUM anesthj-113 33 25 hg hg NOUN anesthj-113 33 26 during during ADP anesthj-113 33 27 placement placement NOUN anesthj-113 33 28 of of ADP anesthj-113 33 29 the the DET anesthj-113 33 30 aortic aortic ADJ anesthj-113 33 31 cannula cannula NOUN anesthj-113 33 32 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 34 1 milrinone milrinone ADJ anesthj-113 34 2 infusion infusion NOUN anesthj-113 34 3 was be AUX anesthj-113 34 4 started start VERB anesthj-113 34 5 at at ADP anesthj-113 34 6 0.375 0.375 NUM anesthj-113 34 7 mcg mcg PROPN anesthj-113 34 8 / / SYM anesthj-113 34 9 kg kg PROPN anesthj-113 34 10 / / SYM anesthj-113 34 11 min min PROPN anesthj-113 34 12 . . PROPN anesthj-113 34 13 cpb cpb PROPN anesthj-113 34 14 was be AUX anesthj-113 34 15 initiated initiate VERB anesthj-113 34 16 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 34 17 mean mean VERB anesthj-113 34 18 arterial arterial ADJ anesthj-113 34 19 pressure pressure NOUN anesthj-113 34 20 was be AUX anesthj-113 34 21 maintained maintain VERB anesthj-113 34 22 at at ADP anesthj-113 34 23 or or CCONJ anesthj-113 34 24 greater great ADJ anesthj-113 34 25 than than ADP anesthj-113 34 26 60 60 NUM anesthj-113 34 27 mm mm NUM anesthj-113 34 28 hg hg NOUN anesthj-113 34 29 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 35 1 the the DET anesthj-113 35 2 grafts graft NOUN anesthj-113 35 3 were be AUX anesthj-113 35 4 completed complete VERB anesthj-113 35 5 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 35 6 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 35 7 the the DET anesthj-113 35 8 patient patient NOUN anesthj-113 35 9 was be AUX anesthj-113 35 10 weaned wean VERB anesthj-113 35 11 from from ADP anesthj-113 35 12 cpb cpb PROPN anesthj-113 35 13 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 36 1 when when SCONJ anesthj-113 36 2 it it PRON anesthj-113 36 3 was be AUX anesthj-113 36 4 time time NOUN anesthj-113 36 5 to to PART anesthj-113 36 6 remove remove VERB anesthj-113 36 7 the the DET anesthj-113 36 8 aortic aortic ADJ anesthj-113 36 9 cannula cannula NOUN anesthj-113 36 10 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 36 11 the the DET anesthj-113 36 12 surgeon surgeon NOUN anesthj-113 36 13 requested request VERB anesthj-113 36 14 a a DET anesthj-113 36 15 systolic systolic ADJ anesthj-113 36 16 bp bp NOUN anesthj-113 36 17 less less ADJ anesthj-113 36 18 than than ADP anesthj-113 36 19 100 100 NUM anesthj-113 36 20 mm mm NUM anesthj-113 36 21 hg hg PROPN anesthj-113 36 22 . . PROPN anesthj-113 36 23 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin PROPN anesthj-113 36 24 200 200 NUM anesthj-113 36 25 mcg mcg NOUN anesthj-113 36 26 was be AUX anesthj-113 36 27 given give VERB anesthj-113 36 28 intravenously intravenously ADV anesthj-113 36 29 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 37 1 the the DET anesthj-113 37 2 systolic systolic ADJ anesthj-113 37 3 bp bp PROPN anesthj-113 37 4 changed change VERB anesthj-113 37 5 from from ADP anesthj-113 37 6 147 147 NUM anesthj-113 37 7 mm mm PROPN anesthj-113 37 8 hg hg NOUN anesthj-113 37 9 to to ADP anesthj-113 37 10 144 144 NUM anesthj-113 37 11 mm mm NUM anesthj-113 37 12 hg hg PROPN anesthj-113 37 13 . . PROPN anesthj-113 37 14 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin PROPN anesthj-113 37 15 400 400 NUM anesthj-113 37 16 mcg mcg NOUN anesthj-113 37 17 iv iv NUM anesthj-113 37 18 was be AUX anesthj-113 37 19 given give VERB anesthj-113 37 20 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 38 1 the the DET anesthj-113 38 2 systolic systolic ADJ anesthj-113 38 3 bp bp PROPN anesthj-113 38 4 then then ADV anesthj-113 38 5 decreased decrease VERB anesthj-113 38 6 to to ADP anesthj-113 38 7 131 131 NUM anesthj-113 38 8 mm mm NUM anesthj-113 38 9 hg hg PROPN anesthj-113 38 10 . . PROPN anesthj-113 38 11 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin PROPN anesthj-113 38 12 1400 1400 NUM anesthj-113 38 13 mcg mcg NOUN anesthj-113 38 14 iv iv NUM anesthj-113 38 15 was be AUX anesthj-113 38 16 given give VERB anesthj-113 38 17 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 38 18 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 38 19 the the DET anesthj-113 38 20 systolic systolic ADJ anesthj-113 38 21 bp bp PROPN anesthj-113 38 22 decreased decrease VERB anesthj-113 38 23 to to ADP anesthj-113 38 24 120 120 NUM anesthj-113 38 25 mm mm NUM anesthj-113 38 26 hg hg PROPN anesthj-113 38 27 . . PROPN anesthj-113 39 1 minutes minute NOUN anesthj-113 39 2 passed pass VERB anesthj-113 39 3 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 39 4 the the DET anesthj-113 39 5 surgeon surgeon NOUN anesthj-113 39 6 still still ADV anesthj-113 39 7 waited wait VERB anesthj-113 39 8 to to PART anesthj-113 39 9 remove remove VERB anesthj-113 39 10 the the DET anesthj-113 39 11 aortic aortic ADJ anesthj-113 39 12 cannula cannula NOUN anesthj-113 39 13 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 40 1 sufentanil sufentanil VERB anesthj-113 40 2 50 50 NUM anesthj-113 40 3 mcg mcg NOUN anesthj-113 40 4 iv iv NOUN anesthj-113 40 5 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 40 6 vecuronium vecuronium NOUN anesthj-113 40 7 4 4 NUM anesthj-113 40 8 mg mg NOUN anesthj-113 40 9 iv iv NUM anesthj-113 40 10 were be AUX anesthj-113 40 11 given give VERB anesthj-113 40 12 at at ADP anesthj-113 40 13 that that DET anesthj-113 40 14 point point NOUN anesthj-113 40 15 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 41 1 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin PROPN anesthj-113 41 2 was be AUX anesthj-113 41 3 attempted attempt VERB anesthj-113 41 4 again again ADV anesthj-113 41 5 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 41 6 in in ADP anesthj-113 41 7 a a DET anesthj-113 41 8 dose dose NOUN anesthj-113 41 9 of of ADP anesthj-113 41 10 2000 2000 NUM anesthj-113 41 11 mcg mcg NOUN anesthj-113 41 12 iv iv NUM anesthj-113 41 13 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 42 1 the the DET anesthj-113 42 2 systolic systolic ADJ anesthj-113 42 3 bp bp PROPN anesthj-113 42 4 remained remain VERB anesthj-113 42 5 at at ADP anesthj-113 42 6 124 124 NUM anesthj-113 42 7 mm mm NUM anesthj-113 42 8 hg hg NOUN anesthj-113 42 9 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 43 1 another another DET anesthj-113 43 2 dose dose NOUN anesthj-113 43 3 of of ADP anesthj-113 43 4 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin NOUN anesthj-113 43 5 2000 2000 NUM anesthj-113 43 6 mcg mcg NOUN anesthj-113 43 7 iv iv NUM anesthj-113 43 8 was be AUX anesthj-113 43 9 given give VERB anesthj-113 43 10 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 43 11 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 43 12 the the DET anesthj-113 43 13 systolic systolic ADJ anesthj-113 43 14 bp bp PROPN anesthj-113 43 15 decreased decrease VERB anesthj-113 43 16 to to ADP anesthj-113 43 17 111 111 NUM anesthj-113 43 18 mm mm NUM anesthj-113 43 19 hg hg PROPN anesthj-113 43 20 . . PROPN anesthj-113 43 21 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin PROPN anesthj-113 43 22 2000 2000 NUM anesthj-113 43 23 mcg mcg NOUN anesthj-113 43 24 iv iv NUM anesthj-113 43 25 was be AUX anesthj-113 43 26 repeated repeat VERB anesthj-113 43 27 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 43 28 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 43 29 the the DET anesthj-113 43 30 systolic systolic ADJ anesthj-113 43 31 bp bp PROPN anesthj-113 43 32 decreased decrease VERB anesthj-113 43 33 to to ADP anesthj-113 43 34 103 103 NUM anesthj-113 43 35 mm mm PROPN anesthj-113 43 36 hg hg NOUN anesthj-113 43 37 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 44 1 the the DET anesthj-113 44 2 aortic aortic ADJ anesthj-113 44 3 cannula cannula NOUN anesthj-113 44 4 was be AUX anesthj-113 44 5 then then ADV anesthj-113 44 6 removed remove VERB anesthj-113 44 7 without without ADP anesthj-113 44 8 complications complication NOUN anesthj-113 44 9 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 45 1 seven seven NUM anesthj-113 45 2 minutes minute NOUN anesthj-113 45 3 had have AUX anesthj-113 45 4 passed pass VERB anesthj-113 45 5 since since SCONJ anesthj-113 45 6 the the DET anesthj-113 45 7 surgeon surgeon NOUN anesthj-113 45 8 ’s ’s PART anesthj-113 45 9 initial initial ADJ anesthj-113 45 10 request request NOUN anesthj-113 45 11 for for ADP anesthj-113 45 12 systolic systolic ADJ anesthj-113 45 13 bp bp PROPN anesthj-113 45 14 less less ADJ anesthj-113 45 15 than than ADP anesthj-113 45 16 100 100 NUM anesthj-113 45 17 mm mm NUM anesthj-113 45 18 hg hg NOUN anesthj-113 45 19 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 46 1 the the DET anesthj-113 46 2 surgical surgical ADJ anesthj-113 46 3 site site NOUN anesthj-113 46 4 was be AUX anesthj-113 46 5 closed close VERB anesthj-113 46 6 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 46 7 the the DET anesthj-113 46 8 patient patient NOUN anesthj-113 46 9 was be AUX anesthj-113 46 10 transported transport VERB anesthj-113 46 11 to to ADP anesthj-113 46 12 the the DET anesthj-113 46 13 intensive intensive ADJ anesthj-113 46 14 care care NOUN anesthj-113 46 15 unit unit NOUN anesthj-113 46 16 with with ADP anesthj-113 46 17 stable stable ADJ anesthj-113 46 18 vital vital ADJ anesthj-113 46 19 signs sign NOUN anesthj-113 46 20 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 47 1 discussion discussion NOUN anesthj-113 47 2 the the DET anesthj-113 47 3 patient patient NOUN anesthj-113 47 4 ’s ’s PART anesthj-113 47 5 lack lack NOUN anesthj-113 47 6 of of ADP anesthj-113 47 7 hemodynamic hemodynamic ADJ anesthj-113 47 8 response response NOUN anesthj-113 47 9 to to ADP anesthj-113 47 10 iv iv NUM anesthj-113 47 11 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin ADV anesthj-113 47 12 during during ADP anesthj-113 47 13 this this DET anesthj-113 47 14 case case NOUN anesthj-113 47 15 was be AUX anesthj-113 47 16 unexpected unexpected ADJ anesthj-113 47 17 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 48 1 it it PRON anesthj-113 48 2 was be AUX anesthj-113 48 3 also also ADV anesthj-113 48 4 unprecedented unprecedented ADJ anesthj-113 48 5 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 48 6 as as SCONJ anesthj-113 48 7 the the DET anesthj-113 48 8 patient patient NOUN anesthj-113 48 9 had have AUX anesthj-113 48 10 responded respond VERB anesthj-113 48 11 to to ADP anesthj-113 48 12 the the DET anesthj-113 48 13 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin NOUN anesthj-113 48 14 earlier early ADV anesthj-113 48 15 in in ADP anesthj-113 48 16 the the DET anesthj-113 48 17 case case NOUN anesthj-113 48 18 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 49 1 by by ADP anesthj-113 49 2 definition definition NOUN anesthj-113 49 3 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 49 4 this this PRON anesthj-113 49 5 was be AUX anesthj-113 49 6 a a DET anesthj-113 49 7 case case NOUN anesthj-113 49 8 of of ADP anesthj-113 49 9 tachyphylaxis tachyphylaxis NOUN anesthj-113 49 10 : : PUNCT anesthj-113 49 11 rapidly rapidly ADV anesthj-113 49 12 developed develop VERB anesthj-113 49 13 desensitization desensitization NOUN anesthj-113 49 14 to to ADP anesthj-113 49 15 the the DET anesthj-113 49 16 therapeutic therapeutic ADJ anesthj-113 49 17 effects effect NOUN anesthj-113 49 18 of of ADP anesthj-113 49 19 the the DET anesthj-113 49 20 medication medication NOUN anesthj-113 49 21 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 50 1 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin ADJ anesthj-113 50 2 tolerance tolerance NOUN anesthj-113 50 3 was be AUX anesthj-113 50 4 ruled rule VERB anesthj-113 50 5 out out ADP anesthj-113 50 6 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 50 7 because because SCONJ anesthj-113 50 8 tolerance tolerance NOUN anesthj-113 50 9 would would AUX anesthj-113 50 10 have have AUX anesthj-113 50 11 required require VERB anesthj-113 50 12 development development NOUN anesthj-113 50 13 over over ADP anesthj-113 50 14 a a DET anesthj-113 50 15 longer long ADJ anesthj-113 50 16 period period NOUN anesthj-113 50 17 of of ADP anesthj-113 50 18 time time NOUN anesthj-113 50 19 during during ADP anesthj-113 50 20 which which PRON anesthj-113 50 21 nitrates nitrate NOUN anesthj-113 50 22 were be AUX anesthj-113 50 23 administered administer VERB anesthj-113 50 24 consistently consistently ADV anesthj-113 50 25 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 51 1 fortunately fortunately ADV anesthj-113 51 2 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 51 3 the the DET anesthj-113 51 4 surgeon surgeon NOUN anesthj-113 51 5 ’s ’s PART anesthj-113 51 6 request request NOUN anesthj-113 51 7 for for ADP anesthj-113 51 8 a a DET anesthj-113 51 9 decrease decrease NOUN anesthj-113 51 10 in in ADP anesthj-113 51 11 bp bp PROPN anesthj-113 51 12 was be AUX anesthj-113 51 13 a a DET anesthj-113 51 14 matter matter NOUN anesthj-113 51 15 of of ADP anesthj-113 51 16 surgical surgical ADJ anesthj-113 51 17 optimization optimization NOUN anesthj-113 51 18 rather rather ADV anesthj-113 51 19 than than ADP anesthj-113 51 20 a a DET anesthj-113 51 21 matter matter NOUN anesthj-113 51 22 of of ADP anesthj-113 51 23 life life NOUN anesthj-113 51 24 or or CCONJ anesthj-113 51 25 death death NOUN anesthj-113 51 26 for for ADP anesthj-113 51 27 the the DET anesthj-113 51 28 patient patient NOUN anesthj-113 51 29 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 52 1 however however ADV anesthj-113 52 2 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 52 3 iv iv NUM anesthj-113 52 4 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin NOUN anesthj-113 52 5 is be AUX anesthj-113 52 6 a a DET anesthj-113 52 7 drug drug NOUN anesthj-113 52 8 that that PRON anesthj-113 52 9 anesthesia anesthesia PROPN anesthj-113 52 10 providers provider NOUN anesthj-113 52 11 rely rely VERB anesthj-113 52 12 on on ADP anesthj-113 52 13 during during ADP anesthj-113 52 14 episodes episode NOUN anesthj-113 52 15 of of ADP anesthj-113 52 16 hemodynamic hemodynamic ADJ anesthj-113 52 17 crisis crisis NOUN anesthj-113 52 18 in in ADP anesthj-113 52 19 the the DET anesthj-113 52 20 operating operating NOUN anesthj-113 52 21 room room NOUN anesthj-113 52 22 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 53 1 failure failure NOUN anesthj-113 53 2 of of ADP anesthj-113 53 3 hemodynamic hemodynamic ADJ anesthj-113 53 4 response response NOUN anesthj-113 53 5 to to ADP anesthj-113 53 6 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin NOUN anesthj-113 53 7 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 53 8 coupled couple VERB anesthj-113 53 9 with with ADP anesthj-113 53 10 lack lack NOUN anesthj-113 53 11 of of ADP anesthj-113 53 12 an an DET anesthj-113 53 13 alternative alternative ADJ anesthj-113 53 14 antihypertensive antihypertensive ADJ anesthj-113 53 15 readily readily ADV anesthj-113 53 16 available available ADJ anesthj-113 53 17 could could AUX anesthj-113 53 18 be be AUX anesthj-113 53 19 detrimental detrimental ADJ anesthj-113 53 20 to to ADP anesthj-113 53 21 the the DET anesthj-113 53 22 patient patient NOUN anesthj-113 53 23 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 54 1 therefore therefore ADV anesthj-113 54 2 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 54 3 an an DET anesthj-113 54 4 alternative alternative NOUN anesthj-113 54 5 antihypertensive antihypertensive ADJ anesthj-113 54 6 should should AUX anesthj-113 54 7 be be AUX anesthj-113 54 8 chosen choose VERB anesthj-113 54 9 before before ADP anesthj-113 54 10 initiation initiation NOUN anesthj-113 54 11 of of ADP anesthj-113 54 12 the the DET anesthj-113 54 13 surgical surgical ADJ anesthj-113 54 14 procedure procedure NOUN anesthj-113 54 15 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 54 16 should should AUX anesthj-113 54 17 be be AUX anesthj-113 54 18 readily readily ADV anesthj-113 54 19 available available ADJ anesthj-113 54 20 throughout throughout ADP anesthj-113 54 21 the the DET anesthj-113 54 22 case case NOUN anesthj-113 54 23 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 55 1 while while SCONJ anesthj-113 55 2 there there PRON anesthj-113 55 3 are be VERB anesthj-113 55 4 many many ADJ anesthj-113 55 5 options option NOUN anesthj-113 55 6 for for ADP anesthj-113 55 7 iv iv NUM anesthj-113 55 8 antihypertensive antihypertensive ADJ anesthj-113 55 9 therapy therapy NOUN anesthj-113 55 10 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 55 11 current current ADJ anesthj-113 55 12 literature literature NOUN anesthj-113 55 13 reports report VERB anesthj-113 55 14 many many ADJ anesthj-113 55 15 benefits benefit NOUN anesthj-113 55 16 to to ADP anesthj-113 55 17 the the DET anesthj-113 55 18 use use NOUN anesthj-113 55 19 of of ADP anesthj-113 55 20 clevidipine clevidipine NOUN anesthj-113 55 21 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 56 1 clevidipine clevidipine PROPN anesthj-113 56 2 has have VERB anesthj-113 56 3 fast fast ADJ anesthj-113 56 4 onset onset NOUN anesthj-113 56 5 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 56 6 termination termination NOUN anesthj-113 56 7 of of ADP anesthj-113 56 8 action action NOUN anesthj-113 56 9 times time NOUN anesthj-113 56 10 similar similar ADJ anesthj-113 56 11 to to ADP anesthj-113 56 12 those those PRON anesthj-113 56 13 of of ADP anesthj-113 56 14 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin NOUN anesthj-113 56 15 that that PRON anesthj-113 56 16 make make VERB anesthj-113 56 17 it it PRON anesthj-113 56 18 an an DET anesthj-113 56 19 appealing appealing ADJ anesthj-113 56 20 alternative alternative ADJ anesthj-113 56 21 therapy therapy NOUN anesthj-113 56 22 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 57 1 a a DET anesthj-113 57 2 literature literature NOUN anesthj-113 57 3 search search NOUN anesthj-113 57 4 was be AUX anesthj-113 57 5 conducted conduct VERB anesthj-113 57 6 through through ADP anesthj-113 57 7 the the DET anesthj-113 57 8 embase embase NOUN anesthj-113 57 9 ( ( PUNCT anesthj-113 57 10 elsevier elsevier PROPN anesthj-113 57 11 ) ) PUNCT anesthj-113 57 12 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 57 13 medline medline NOUN anesthj-113 57 14 ( ( PUNCT anesthj-113 57 15 national national ADJ anesthj-113 57 16 library library NOUN anesthj-113 57 17 of of ADP anesthj-113 57 18 medicine medicine NOUN anesthj-113 57 19 ) ) PUNCT anesthj-113 57 20 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 57 21 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 57 22 web web NOUN anesthj-113 57 23 of of ADP anesthj-113 57 24 science science NOUN anesthj-113 57 25 databases database NOUN anesthj-113 57 26 using use VERB anesthj-113 57 27 the the DET anesthj-113 57 28 terms term NOUN anesthj-113 57 29 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin ADV anesthj-113 57 30 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 57 31 clevidipine clevidipine NOUN anesthj-113 57 32 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 57 33 tolerance tolerance NOUN anesthj-113 57 34 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 57 35 tachyphylaxis tachyphylaxis ADJ anesthj-113 57 36 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 57 37 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 57 38 mechanism mechanism NOUN anesthj-113 57 39 of of ADP anesthj-113 57 40 action action NOUN anesthj-113 57 41 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 58 1 current current ADJ anesthj-113 58 2 literature literature PROPN anesthj-113 58 3 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin NOUN anesthj-113 58 4 is be AUX anesthj-113 58 5 an an DET anesthj-113 58 6 organic organic ADJ anesthj-113 58 7 nitrate nitrate NOUN anesthj-113 58 8 that that PRON anesthj-113 58 9 can can AUX anesthj-113 58 10 be be AUX anesthj-113 58 11 administered administer VERB anesthj-113 58 12 sublingually sublingually ADV anesthj-113 58 13 or or CCONJ anesthj-113 58 14 intravenously intravenously ADV anesthj-113 58 15 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 59 1 it it PRON anesthj-113 59 2 causes cause VERB anesthj-113 59 3 dilation dilation NOUN anesthj-113 59 4 of of ADP anesthj-113 59 5 peripheral peripheral ADJ anesthj-113 59 6 veins vein NOUN anesthj-113 59 7 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 59 8 large large ADJ anesthj-113 59 9 coronary coronary ADJ anesthj-113 59 10 arteries artery NOUN anesthj-113 59 11 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 60 1 these these DET anesthj-113 60 2 mechanisms mechanism NOUN anesthj-113 60 3 yield yield VERB anesthj-113 60 4 decreased decrease VERB anesthj-113 60 5 venous venous ADJ anesthj-113 60 6 return return NOUN anesthj-113 60 7 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 60 8 preload preload NOUN anesthj-113 60 9 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 60 10 decreased decrease VERB anesthj-113 60 11 myocardial myocardial ADJ anesthj-113 60 12 wall wall PROPN anesthj-113 60 13 tension tension NOUN anesthj-113 60 14 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 60 15 decreased decrease VERB anesthj-113 60 16 myocardial myocardial ADJ anesthj-113 60 17 oxygen oxygen NOUN anesthj-113 60 18 demand demand NOUN anesthj-113 60 19 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 60 20 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 60 21 improved improve VERB anesthj-113 60 22 myocardial myocardial ADJ anesthj-113 60 23 oxygen oxygen NOUN anesthj-113 60 24 supply supply NOUN anesthj-113 60 25 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 61 1 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin NOUN anesthj-113 61 2 does do AUX anesthj-113 61 3 not not PART anesthj-113 61 4 cause cause VERB anesthj-113 61 5 dilation dilation NOUN anesthj-113 61 6 of of ADP anesthj-113 61 7 small small ADJ anesthj-113 61 8 coronary coronary ADJ anesthj-113 61 9 vessels vessel NOUN anesthj-113 61 10 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 61 11 which which PRON anesthj-113 61 12 helps help VERB anesthj-113 61 13 to to PART anesthj-113 61 14 prevent prevent VERB anesthj-113 61 15 coronary coronary ADJ anesthj-113 61 16 steal steal NOUN anesthj-113 61 17 syndrome syndrome NOUN anesthj-113 61 18 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 62 1 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin PROPN anesthj-113 62 2 also also ADV anesthj-113 62 3 causes cause VERB anesthj-113 62 4 a a DET anesthj-113 62 5 slight slight ADJ anesthj-113 62 6 decrease decrease NOUN anesthj-113 62 7 in in ADP anesthj-113 62 8 platelet platelet NOUN anesthj-113 62 9 aggregation aggregation NOUN anesthj-113 62 10 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 63 1 these these DET anesthj-113 63 2 characteristics characteristic NOUN anesthj-113 63 3 make make VERB anesthj-113 63 4 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin NOUN anesthj-113 63 5 ideal ideal NOUN anesthj-113 63 6 for for ADP anesthj-113 63 7 the the DET anesthj-113 63 8 treatment treatment NOUN anesthj-113 63 9 of of ADP anesthj-113 63 10 patients patient NOUN anesthj-113 63 11 with with ADP anesthj-113 63 12 coronary coronary ADJ anesthj-113 63 13 artery artery NOUN anesthj-113 63 14 disease disease NOUN anesthj-113 63 15 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 64 1 intraoperatively intraoperatively ADV anesthj-113 64 2 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 64 3 iv iv NUM anesthj-113 64 4 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin NOUN anesthj-113 64 5 can can AUX anesthj-113 64 6 be be AUX anesthj-113 64 7 used use VERB anesthj-113 64 8 for for ADP anesthj-113 64 9 rapid rapid ADJ anesthj-113 64 10 yet yet CCONJ anesthj-113 64 11 meticulous meticulous ADJ anesthj-113 64 12 bp bp PROPN anesthj-113 64 13 management management NOUN anesthj-113 64 14 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 65 1 it it PRON anesthj-113 65 2 acts act VERB anesthj-113 65 3 within within ADP anesthj-113 65 4 seconds second NOUN anesthj-113 65 5 after after ADP anesthj-113 65 6 administration administration NOUN anesthj-113 65 7 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 65 8 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 65 9 the the DET anesthj-113 65 10 medication medication NOUN anesthj-113 65 11 effects effect NOUN anesthj-113 65 12 last last ADJ anesthj-113 65 13 only only ADV anesthj-113 65 14 3 3 NUM anesthj-113 65 15 to to PART anesthj-113 65 16 5 5 NUM anesthj-113 65 17 minutes minute NOUN anesthj-113 65 18 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 65 19 allowing allow VERB anesthj-113 65 20 for for ADP anesthj-113 65 21 the the DET anesthj-113 65 22 quick quick ADJ anesthj-113 65 23 changes change NOUN anesthj-113 65 24 in in ADP anesthj-113 65 25 bp bp PROPN anesthj-113 65 26 that that PRON anesthj-113 65 27 are be AUX anesthj-113 65 28 often often ADV anesthj-113 65 29 required require VERB anesthj-113 65 30 in in ADP anesthj-113 65 31 vascular vascular ADJ anesthj-113 65 32 surgeries surgery NOUN anesthj-113 65 33 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 66 1 in in ADP anesthj-113 66 2 cabg cabg ADJ anesthj-113 66 3 procedures procedure NOUN anesthj-113 66 4 that that PRON anesthj-113 66 5 use use VERB anesthj-113 66 6 cardiopulmonary cardiopulmonary ADJ anesthj-113 66 7 bypass bypass NOUN anesthj-113 66 8 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 66 9 2 2 NUM anesthj-113 66 10 specific specific ADJ anesthj-113 66 11 moments moment NOUN anesthj-113 66 12 require require VERB anesthj-113 66 13 a a DET anesthj-113 66 14 normal normal ADJ anesthj-113 66 15 but but CCONJ anesthj-113 66 16 low low ADJ anesthj-113 66 17 systolic systolic ADJ anesthj-113 66 18 bp bp PROPN anesthj-113 66 19 to to PART anesthj-113 66 20 prevent prevent VERB anesthj-113 66 21 dissection dissection NOUN anesthj-113 66 22 or or CCONJ anesthj-113 66 23 bleeding bleed VERB anesthj-113 66 24 from from ADP anesthj-113 66 25 the the DET anesthj-113 66 26 aorta aorta NOUN anesthj-113 66 27 : : PUNCT anesthj-113 66 28 1 1 NUM anesthj-113 66 29 ) ) PUNCT anesthj-113 66 30 aortic aortic ADJ anesthj-113 66 31 cannulation cannulation NOUN anesthj-113 66 32 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 66 33 2 2 NUM anesthj-113 66 34 ) ) PUNCT anesthj-113 66 35 removal removal NOUN anesthj-113 66 36 of of ADP anesthj-113 66 37 the the DET anesthj-113 66 38 aortic aortic ADJ anesthj-113 66 39 cannula cannula NOUN anesthj-113 66 40 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 67 1 these these DET anesthj-113 67 2 procedures procedure NOUN anesthj-113 67 3 occur occur VERB anesthj-113 67 4 at at ADP anesthj-113 67 5 the the DET anesthj-113 67 6 very very ADV anesthj-113 67 7 beginning beginning NOUN anesthj-113 67 8 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 67 9 the the DET anesthj-113 67 10 very very ADJ anesthj-113 67 11 end end NOUN anesthj-113 67 12 of of ADP anesthj-113 67 13 cpb cpb NOUN anesthj-113 67 14 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 67 15 respectively respectively ADV anesthj-113 67 16 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 68 1 anesthesia anesthesia PROPN anesthj-113 68 2 providers provider NOUN anesthj-113 68 3 routinely routinely ADV anesthj-113 68 4 use use VERB anesthj-113 68 5 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin NOUN anesthj-113 68 6 at at ADP anesthj-113 68 7 these these DET anesthj-113 68 8 times time NOUN anesthj-113 68 9 to to PART anesthj-113 68 10 adjust adjust VERB anesthj-113 68 11 the the DET anesthj-113 68 12 bp bp PROPN anesthj-113 68 13 to to ADP anesthj-113 68 14 the the DET anesthj-113 68 15 surgeon surgeon NOUN anesthj-113 68 16 ’s ’s PART anesthj-113 68 17 requested request VERB anesthj-113 68 18 level level NOUN anesthj-113 68 19 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 69 1 although although SCONJ anesthj-113 69 2 this this DET anesthj-113 69 3 technique technique NOUN anesthj-113 69 4 is be AUX anesthj-113 69 5 effective effective ADJ anesthj-113 69 6 for for ADP anesthj-113 69 7 most most ADJ anesthj-113 69 8 patients patient NOUN anesthj-113 69 9 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 69 10 some some DET anesthj-113 69 11 patients patient NOUN anesthj-113 69 12 have have VERB anesthj-113 69 13 tolerance tolerance NOUN anesthj-113 69 14 to to ADP anesthj-113 69 15 organic organic ADJ anesthj-113 69 16 nitrates nitrate NOUN anesthj-113 69 17 such such ADJ anesthj-113 69 18 as as ADP anesthj-113 69 19 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin NOUN anesthj-113 69 20 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 70 1 the the DET anesthj-113 70 2 mechanism mechanism NOUN anesthj-113 70 3 of of ADP anesthj-113 70 4 tolerance tolerance NOUN anesthj-113 70 5 to to ADP anesthj-113 70 6 organic organic ADJ anesthj-113 70 7 nitrates nitrate NOUN anesthj-113 70 8 is be AUX anesthj-113 70 9 currently currently ADV anesthj-113 70 10 anesthesia anesthesia PROPN anesthj-113 70 11 ejournal ejournal PROPN anesthj-113 70 12 www.anesthesiaejournal.com www.anesthesiaejournal.com PROPN anesthj-113 70 13 volume volume NOUN anesthj-113 70 14 7 7 NUM anesthj-113 70 15 no no NOUN anesthj-113 70 16 . . NOUN anesthj-113 70 17 2 2 NUM anesthj-113 70 18 2019 2019 NUM anesthj-113 70 19 page page NOUN anesthj-113 70 20 7 7 NUM anesthj-113 70 21 unspecified unspecified ADJ anesthj-113 70 22 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 71 1 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin PROPN anesthj-113 71 2 undergoes undergo VERB anesthj-113 71 3 complex complex ADJ anesthj-113 71 4 biotransformation biotransformation NOUN anesthj-113 71 5 upon upon SCONJ anesthj-113 71 6 administration administration NOUN anesthj-113 71 7 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 71 8 making make VERB anesthj-113 71 9 it it PRON anesthj-113 71 10 difficult difficult ADJ anesthj-113 71 11 to to PART anesthj-113 71 12 identify identify VERB anesthj-113 71 13 a a DET anesthj-113 71 14 single single ADJ anesthj-113 71 15 source source NOUN anesthj-113 71 16 of of ADP anesthj-113 71 17 tolerance tolerance NOUN anesthj-113 71 18 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 72 1 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin PROPN anesthj-113 72 2 can can AUX anesthj-113 72 3 be be AUX anesthj-113 72 4 considered consider VERB anesthj-113 72 5 a a DET anesthj-113 72 6 prodrug prodrug NOUN anesthj-113 72 7 ; ; PUNCT anesthj-113 72 8 it it PRON anesthj-113 72 9 is be AUX anesthj-113 72 10 metabolized metabolize VERB anesthj-113 72 11 to to PART anesthj-113 72 12 yield yield VERB anesthj-113 72 13 nitric nitric ADJ anesthj-113 72 14 oxide oxide NOUN anesthj-113 72 15 ( ( PUNCT anesthj-113 72 16 no no NOUN anesthj-113 72 17 ) ) PUNCT anesthj-113 72 18 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 72 19 the the DET anesthj-113 72 20 actual actual ADJ anesthj-113 72 21 substance substance NOUN anesthj-113 72 22 that that PRON anesthj-113 72 23 stimulates stimulate VERB anesthj-113 72 24 smooth smooth ADJ anesthj-113 72 25 muscle muscle NOUN anesthj-113 72 26 cell cell NOUN anesthj-113 72 27 relaxation relaxation NOUN anesthj-113 72 28 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 73 1 after after ADP anesthj-113 73 2 administration administration NOUN anesthj-113 73 3 of of ADP anesthj-113 73 4 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin NOUN anesthj-113 73 5 or or CCONJ anesthj-113 73 6 another another DET anesthj-113 73 7 organic organic ADJ anesthj-113 73 8 nitrate nitrate NOUN anesthj-113 73 9 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 73 10 no no PRON anesthj-113 73 11 is be AUX anesthj-113 73 12 formed form VERB anesthj-113 73 13 in in ADP anesthj-113 73 14 healthy healthy ADJ anesthj-113 73 15 vascular vascular ADJ anesthj-113 73 16 endothelium endothelium NOUN anesthj-113 73 17 from from ADP anesthj-113 73 18 l l NOUN anesthj-113 73 19 - - NOUN anesthj-113 73 20 arginine arginine NOUN anesthj-113 73 21 by by ADP anesthj-113 73 22 endothelial endothelial ADJ anesthj-113 73 23 nitric nitric ADJ anesthj-113 73 24 oxide oxide NOUN anesthj-113 73 25 synthase synthase NOUN anesthj-113 73 26 ( ( PUNCT anesthj-113 73 27 enos enos PROPN anesthj-113 73 28 ) ) PUNCT anesthj-113 73 29 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 74 1 no no INTJ anesthj-113 74 2 then then ADV anesthj-113 74 3 activates activate VERB anesthj-113 74 4 soluble soluble ADJ anesthj-113 74 5 guanylyl guanylyl ADJ anesthj-113 74 6 cyclase cyclase NOUN anesthj-113 74 7 ( ( PUNCT anesthj-113 74 8 sgc sgc PROPN anesthj-113 74 9 ) ) PUNCT anesthj-113 74 10 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 74 11 which which PRON anesthj-113 74 12 increases increase VERB anesthj-113 74 13 levels level NOUN anesthj-113 74 14 of of ADP anesthj-113 74 15 cyclic cyclic PROPN anesthj-113 74 16 guanosine guanosine NOUN anesthj-113 74 17 monophosphate monophosphate NOUN anesthj-113 74 18 ( ( PUNCT anesthj-113 74 19 cgmp cgmp PROPN anesthj-113 74 20 ) ) PUNCT anesthj-113 74 21 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 75 1 cgmp cgmp PROPN anesthj-113 75 2 has have VERB anesthj-113 75 3 multiple multiple ADJ anesthj-113 75 4 effects effect NOUN anesthj-113 75 5 that that PRON anesthj-113 75 6 ultimately ultimately ADV anesthj-113 75 7 cause cause VERB anesthj-113 75 8 a a DET anesthj-113 75 9 decrease decrease NOUN anesthj-113 75 10 in in ADP anesthj-113 75 11 intracellular intracellular ADJ anesthj-113 75 12 calcium calcium NOUN anesthj-113 75 13 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 75 14 which which PRON anesthj-113 75 15 inhibits inhibit VERB anesthj-113 75 16 myosin myosin NOUN anesthj-113 75 17 activity activity NOUN anesthj-113 75 18 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 75 19 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 75 20 thereby thereby ADV anesthj-113 75 21 leads lead VERB anesthj-113 75 22 to to ADP anesthj-113 75 23 vascular vascular VERB anesthj-113 75 24 smooth smooth ADJ anesthj-113 75 25 muscle muscle NOUN anesthj-113 75 26 cell cell NOUN anesthj-113 75 27 relaxation relaxation NOUN anesthj-113 75 28 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 76 1 this this DET anesthj-113 76 2 effect effect NOUN anesthj-113 76 3 may may AUX anesthj-113 76 4 appear appear VERB anesthj-113 76 5 clinically clinically ADV anesthj-113 76 6 as as SCONJ anesthj-113 76 7 decreased decrease VERB anesthj-113 76 8 bp bp PROPN anesthj-113 76 9 or or CCONJ anesthj-113 76 10 improved improve VERB anesthj-113 76 11 myocardial myocardial ADJ anesthj-113 76 12 oxygenation oxygenation NOUN anesthj-113 76 13 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 77 1 however however ADV anesthj-113 77 2 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 77 3 if if SCONJ anesthj-113 77 4 a a DET anesthj-113 77 5 patient patient NOUN anesthj-113 77 6 is be AUX anesthj-113 77 7 tolerant tolerant ADJ anesthj-113 77 8 to to ADP anesthj-113 77 9 organic organic ADJ anesthj-113 77 10 nitrates nitrate NOUN anesthj-113 77 11 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 77 12 these these DET anesthj-113 77 13 expected expect VERB anesthj-113 77 14 effects effect NOUN anesthj-113 77 15 will will AUX anesthj-113 77 16 not not PART anesthj-113 77 17 occur occur VERB anesthj-113 77 18 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 78 1 tolerance tolerance NOUN anesthj-113 78 2 to to ADP anesthj-113 78 3 organic organic ADJ anesthj-113 78 4 nitrates nitrate NOUN anesthj-113 78 5 develops develop VERB anesthj-113 78 6 in in ADP anesthj-113 78 7 the the DET anesthj-113 78 8 presence presence NOUN anesthj-113 78 9 of of ADP anesthj-113 78 10 nitrate nitrate NOUN anesthj-113 78 11 therapy therapy NOUN anesthj-113 78 12 lasting last VERB anesthj-113 78 13 24 24 NUM anesthj-113 78 14 hours hour NOUN anesthj-113 78 15 or or CCONJ anesthj-113 78 16 longer long ADV anesthj-113 78 17 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 79 1 the the DET anesthj-113 79 2 result result NOUN anesthj-113 79 3 is be AUX anesthj-113 79 4 a a DET anesthj-113 79 5 lack lack NOUN anesthj-113 79 6 of of ADP anesthj-113 79 7 response response NOUN anesthj-113 79 8 to to ADP anesthj-113 79 9 subsequent subsequent ADJ anesthj-113 79 10 doses dose NOUN anesthj-113 79 11 of of ADP anesthj-113 79 12 nitrates nitrate NOUN anesthj-113 79 13 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 80 1 this this DET anesthj-113 80 2 tolerance tolerance NOUN anesthj-113 80 3 dissipates dissipate VERB anesthj-113 80 4 rapidly rapidly ADV anesthj-113 80 5 in in ADP anesthj-113 80 6 the the DET anesthj-113 80 7 absence absence NOUN anesthj-113 80 8 of of ADP anesthj-113 80 9 organic organic ADJ anesthj-113 80 10 nitrates nitrate NOUN anesthj-113 80 11 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 80 12 can can AUX anesthj-113 80 13 therefore therefore ADV anesthj-113 80 14 be be AUX anesthj-113 80 15 avoided avoid VERB anesthj-113 80 16 by by ADP anesthj-113 80 17 daily daily ADJ anesthj-113 80 18 pauses pause NOUN anesthj-113 80 19 in in ADP anesthj-113 80 20 nitrate nitrate NOUN anesthj-113 80 21 therapy therapy NOUN anesthj-113 80 22 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 81 1 in in ADP anesthj-113 81 2 contrast contrast NOUN anesthj-113 81 3 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 81 4 tachyphylaxis tachyphylaxis ADJ anesthj-113 81 5 develops develop VERB anesthj-113 81 6 rapidly rapidly ADV anesthj-113 81 7 after after ADP anesthj-113 81 8 initial initial ADJ anesthj-113 81 9 administration administration NOUN anesthj-113 81 10 of of ADP anesthj-113 81 11 a a DET anesthj-113 81 12 drug drug NOUN anesthj-113 81 13 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 82 1 it it PRON anesthj-113 82 2 may may AUX anesthj-113 82 3 occur occur VERB anesthj-113 82 4 within within ADP anesthj-113 82 5 minutes minute NOUN anesthj-113 82 6 to to ADP anesthj-113 82 7 hours hour NOUN anesthj-113 82 8 of of ADP anesthj-113 82 9 administration administration NOUN anesthj-113 82 10 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 83 1 a a DET anesthj-113 83 2 key key ADJ anesthj-113 83 3 characteristic characteristic NOUN anesthj-113 83 4 of of ADP anesthj-113 83 5 tachyphylaxis tachyphylaxis NOUN anesthj-113 83 6 is be AUX anesthj-113 83 7 diminishing diminish VERB anesthj-113 83 8 response response NOUN anesthj-113 83 9 to to ADP anesthj-113 83 10 the the DET anesthj-113 83 11 medication medication NOUN anesthj-113 83 12 despite despite SCONJ anesthj-113 83 13 increased increase VERB anesthj-113 83 14 doses dose NOUN anesthj-113 83 15 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 84 1 eventually eventually ADV anesthj-113 84 2 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 84 3 there there PRON anesthj-113 84 4 may may AUX anesthj-113 84 5 be be AUX anesthj-113 84 6 no no DET anesthj-113 84 7 noticeable noticeable ADJ anesthj-113 84 8 response response NOUN anesthj-113 84 9 to to ADP anesthj-113 84 10 the the DET anesthj-113 84 11 medication medication NOUN anesthj-113 84 12 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 85 1 tachyphylaxis tachyphylaxis ADP anesthj-113 85 2 after after SCONJ anesthj-113 85 3 administration administration NOUN anesthj-113 85 4 of of ADP anesthj-113 85 5 intravenous intravenous ADJ anesthj-113 85 6 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin NOUN anesthj-113 85 7 is be AUX anesthj-113 85 8 rare rare ADJ anesthj-113 85 9 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 85 10 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 85 11 the the DET anesthj-113 85 12 cause cause NOUN anesthj-113 85 13 is be AUX anesthj-113 85 14 unknown unknown ADJ anesthj-113 85 15 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 86 1 it it PRON anesthj-113 86 2 is be AUX anesthj-113 86 3 possible possible ADJ anesthj-113 86 4 that that SCONJ anesthj-113 86 5 tachyphylaxis tachyphylaxis NOUN anesthj-113 86 6 is be AUX anesthj-113 86 7 caused cause VERB anesthj-113 86 8 by by ADP anesthj-113 86 9 similar similar ADJ anesthj-113 86 10 mechanisms mechanism NOUN anesthj-113 86 11 proposed propose VERB anesthj-113 86 12 for for ADP anesthj-113 86 13 tolerance tolerance NOUN anesthj-113 86 14 to to ADP anesthj-113 86 15 organic organic ADJ anesthj-113 86 16 nitrates nitrate NOUN anesthj-113 86 17 but but CCONJ anesthj-113 86 18 in in ADP anesthj-113 86 19 an an DET anesthj-113 86 20 accelerated accelerated ADJ anesthj-113 86 21 timeframe timeframe NOUN anesthj-113 86 22 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 87 1 or or CCONJ anesthj-113 87 2 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin ADV anesthj-113 87 3 tachyphylaxis tachyphylaxis ADV anesthj-113 87 4 may may AUX anesthj-113 87 5 be be AUX anesthj-113 87 6 due due ADJ anesthj-113 87 7 to to ADP anesthj-113 87 8 something something PRON anesthj-113 87 9 completely completely ADV anesthj-113 87 10 different different ADJ anesthj-113 87 11 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 88 1 regardless regardless ADV anesthj-113 88 2 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 88 3 tachyphylaxis tachyphylaxis ADV anesthj-113 88 4 is be AUX anesthj-113 88 5 by by ADP anesthj-113 88 6 nature nature NOUN anesthj-113 88 7 unexpected unexpected ADJ anesthj-113 88 8 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 89 1 therefore therefore ADV anesthj-113 89 2 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 89 3 the the DET anesthj-113 89 4 primary primary ADJ anesthj-113 89 5 goal goal NOUN anesthj-113 89 6 for for ADP anesthj-113 89 7 anesthesia anesthesia NOUN anesthj-113 89 8 providers provider NOUN anesthj-113 89 9 is be AUX anesthj-113 89 10 to to PART anesthj-113 89 11 be be AUX anesthj-113 89 12 prepared prepare VERB anesthj-113 89 13 at at ADP anesthj-113 89 14 all all DET anesthj-113 89 15 times time NOUN anesthj-113 89 16 with with ADP anesthj-113 89 17 an an DET anesthj-113 89 18 alternative alternative ADJ anesthj-113 89 19 treatment treatment NOUN anesthj-113 89 20 for for ADP anesthj-113 89 21 the the DET anesthj-113 89 22 patient patient NOUN anesthj-113 89 23 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 89 24 should should AUX anesthj-113 89 25 the the DET anesthj-113 89 26 initial initial ADJ anesthj-113 89 27 treatment treatment NOUN anesthj-113 89 28 fail fail ADJ anesthj-113 89 29 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 90 1 current current ADJ anesthj-113 90 2 literature literature NOUN anesthj-113 90 3 indicates indicate VERB anesthj-113 90 4 that that SCONJ anesthj-113 90 5 clevidipine clevidipine NOUN anesthj-113 90 6 is be AUX anesthj-113 90 7 a a DET anesthj-113 90 8 good good ADJ anesthj-113 90 9 alternative alternative NOUN anesthj-113 90 10 in in ADP anesthj-113 90 11 this this DET anesthj-113 90 12 situation situation NOUN anesthj-113 90 13 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 91 1 new new ADJ anesthj-113 91 2 treatments treatment NOUN anesthj-113 91 3 to to PART anesthj-113 91 4 induce induce VERB anesthj-113 91 5 hypotension hypotension NOUN anesthj-113 91 6 clevidipine clevidipine NOUN anesthj-113 91 7 is be AUX anesthj-113 91 8 a a DET anesthj-113 91 9 dihydropyridine dihydropyridine NOUN anesthj-113 91 10 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 91 11 l l NOUN anesthj-113 91 12 - - NOUN anesthj-113 91 13 type type NOUN anesthj-113 91 14 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 91 15 vasoselective vasoselective NOUN anesthj-113 91 16 calcium calcium NOUN anesthj-113 91 17 channel channel NOUN anesthj-113 91 18 blocker blocker NOUN anesthj-113 91 19 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 92 1 due due ADP anesthj-113 92 2 to to ADP anesthj-113 92 3 this this DET anesthj-113 92 4 composition composition NOUN anesthj-113 92 5 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 92 6 clevidipine clevidipine VERB anesthj-113 92 7 blocks block NOUN anesthj-113 92 8 intracellular intracellular ADJ anesthj-113 92 9 calcium calcium NOUN anesthj-113 92 10 influx influx NOUN anesthj-113 92 11 in in ADP anesthj-113 92 12 arterial arterial ADJ anesthj-113 92 13 vasculature vasculature NOUN anesthj-113 92 14 only only ADV anesthj-113 92 15 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 92 16 not not PART anesthj-113 92 17 in in ADP anesthj-113 92 18 veins vein NOUN anesthj-113 92 19 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 93 1 therefore therefore ADV anesthj-113 93 2 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 93 3 administration administration NOUN anesthj-113 93 4 of of ADP anesthj-113 93 5 clevidipine clevidipine PROPN anesthj-113 93 6 leads lead VERB anesthj-113 93 7 to to PART anesthj-113 93 8 decreased decrease VERB anesthj-113 93 9 systemic systemic ADJ anesthj-113 93 10 vascular vascular ADJ anesthj-113 93 11 resistance resistance NOUN anesthj-113 93 12 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 93 13 decreased decrease VERB anesthj-113 93 14 bp bp PROPN anesthj-113 93 15 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 93 16 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 93 17 increased increase VERB anesthj-113 93 18 stroke stroke NOUN anesthj-113 93 19 volume volume NOUN anesthj-113 93 20 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 94 1 these these DET anesthj-113 94 2 effects effect NOUN anesthj-113 94 3 allow allow VERB anesthj-113 94 4 for for ADP anesthj-113 94 5 a a DET anesthj-113 94 6 decrease decrease NOUN anesthj-113 94 7 in in ADP anesthj-113 94 8 myocardial myocardial ADJ anesthj-113 94 9 oxygen oxygen NOUN anesthj-113 94 10 demand demand NOUN anesthj-113 94 11 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 95 1 unlike unlike ADP anesthj-113 95 2 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin NOUN anesthj-113 95 3 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 95 4 venous venous ADJ anesthj-113 95 5 beds bed NOUN anesthj-113 95 6 are be AUX anesthj-113 95 7 not not PART anesthj-113 95 8 dilated dilate VERB anesthj-113 95 9 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 95 10 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 95 11 so so ADV anesthj-113 95 12 venous venous ADJ anesthj-113 95 13 return return NOUN anesthj-113 95 14 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 95 15 preload preload NOUN anesthj-113 95 16 remain remain VERB anesthj-113 95 17 constant constant ADJ anesthj-113 95 18 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 95 19 allowing allow VERB anesthj-113 95 20 for for ADP anesthj-113 95 21 maintenance maintenance NOUN anesthj-113 95 22 of of ADP anesthj-113 95 23 cardiac cardiac ADJ anesthj-113 95 24 output output NOUN anesthj-113 95 25 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 96 1 clevidipine clevidipine PROPN anesthj-113 96 2 has have VERB anesthj-113 96 3 a a DET anesthj-113 96 4 rapid rapid ADJ anesthj-113 96 5 onset onset NOUN anesthj-113 96 6 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 96 7 produces produce VERB anesthj-113 96 8 effects effect NOUN anesthj-113 96 9 within within ADP anesthj-113 96 10 1 1 NUM anesthj-113 96 11 minute minute NOUN anesthj-113 96 12 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 97 1 termination termination NOUN anesthj-113 97 2 of of ADP anesthj-113 97 3 clevidipine clevidipine NOUN anesthj-113 97 4 action action NOUN anesthj-113 97 5 is be AUX anesthj-113 97 6 also also ADV anesthj-113 97 7 rapid rapid ADJ anesthj-113 97 8 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 98 1 plasma plasma NOUN anesthj-113 98 2 esterases esterase NOUN anesthj-113 98 3 hydrolyze hydrolyze VERB anesthj-113 98 4 clevidipine clevidipine NOUN anesthj-113 98 5 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 98 6 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 98 7 the the DET anesthj-113 98 8 effects effect NOUN anesthj-113 98 9 are be AUX anesthj-113 98 10 almost almost ADV anesthj-113 98 11 completely completely ADV anesthj-113 98 12 terminated terminate VERB anesthj-113 98 13 within within ADP anesthj-113 98 14 5 5 NUM anesthj-113 98 15 minutes minute NOUN anesthj-113 98 16 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 99 1 the the DET anesthj-113 99 2 metabolites metabolite NOUN anesthj-113 99 3 produced produce VERB anesthj-113 99 4 by by ADP anesthj-113 99 5 ester ester NOUN anesthj-113 99 6 hydrolysis hydrolysis NOUN anesthj-113 99 7 are be AUX anesthj-113 99 8 most most ADV anesthj-113 99 9 likely likely ADV anesthj-113 99 10 excreted excrete VERB anesthj-113 99 11 via via ADP anesthj-113 99 12 biliary biliary ADJ anesthj-113 99 13 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 99 14 intestinal intestinal ADJ anesthj-113 99 15 tracts tract NOUN anesthj-113 99 16 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 100 1 because because SCONJ anesthj-113 100 2 metabolism metabolism NOUN anesthj-113 100 3 remains remain VERB anesthj-113 100 4 independent independent ADJ anesthj-113 100 5 from from ADP anesthj-113 100 6 both both CCONJ anesthj-113 100 7 renal renal ADJ anesthj-113 100 8 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 100 9 liver liver NOUN anesthj-113 100 10 function function NOUN anesthj-113 100 11 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 100 12 clevidipine clevidipine NOUN anesthj-113 100 13 can can AUX anesthj-113 100 14 be be AUX anesthj-113 100 15 administered administer VERB anesthj-113 100 16 to to ADP anesthj-113 100 17 patients patient NOUN anesthj-113 100 18 with with ADP anesthj-113 100 19 renal renal ADJ anesthj-113 100 20 or or CCONJ anesthj-113 100 21 liver liver NOUN anesthj-113 100 22 impairment impairment NOUN anesthj-113 100 23 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 101 1 this this DET anesthj-113 101 2 ester ester NOUN anesthj-113 101 3 hydrolysis hydrolysis NOUN anesthj-113 101 4 metabolism metabolism NOUN anesthj-113 101 5 is be AUX anesthj-113 101 6 dependent dependent ADJ anesthj-113 101 7 on on ADP anesthj-113 101 8 the the DET anesthj-113 101 9 temperature temperature NOUN anesthj-113 101 10 of of ADP anesthj-113 101 11 the the DET anesthj-113 101 12 patient patient NOUN anesthj-113 101 13 ’s ’s PART anesthj-113 101 14 body body NOUN anesthj-113 101 15 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 101 16 however however ADV anesthj-113 101 17 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 102 1 the the DET anesthj-113 102 2 deliberate deliberate ADJ anesthj-113 102 3 hypothermia hypothermia NOUN anesthj-113 102 4 used use VERB anesthj-113 102 5 during during ADP anesthj-113 102 6 cpb cpb NOUN anesthj-113 102 7 reduces reduce VERB anesthj-113 102 8 the the DET anesthj-113 102 9 metabolism metabolism NOUN anesthj-113 102 10 of of ADP anesthj-113 102 11 clevidipine clevidipine NOUN anesthj-113 102 12 to to ADP anesthj-113 102 13 just just ADV anesthj-113 102 14 half half NOUN anesthj-113 102 15 of of ADP anesthj-113 102 16 the the DET anesthj-113 102 17 regular regular ADJ anesthj-113 102 18 rate rate NOUN anesthj-113 102 19 of of ADP anesthj-113 102 20 metabolism metabolism NOUN anesthj-113 102 21 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 103 1 clevidipine clevidipine NOUN anesthj-113 103 2 is be AUX anesthj-113 103 3 prepared prepare VERB anesthj-113 103 4 as as ADP anesthj-113 103 5 a a DET anesthj-113 103 6 lipid lipid NOUN anesthj-113 103 7 emulsion emulsion NOUN anesthj-113 103 8 in in ADP anesthj-113 103 9 soybean soybean NOUN anesthj-113 103 10 oil oil NOUN anesthj-113 103 11 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 104 1 at at ADP anesthj-113 104 2 steady steady ADJ anesthj-113 104 3 state state NOUN anesthj-113 104 4 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 104 5 the the DET anesthj-113 104 6 volume volume NOUN anesthj-113 104 7 of of ADP anesthj-113 104 8 distribution distribution NOUN anesthj-113 104 9 is be AUX anesthj-113 104 10 0.6 0.6 NUM anesthj-113 104 11 l l NOUN anesthj-113 104 12 / / SYM anesthj-113 104 13 kg kg PROPN anesthj-113 104 14 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 105 1 clevidipine clevidipine PROPN anesthj-113 105 2 is be AUX anesthj-113 105 3 also also ADV anesthj-113 105 4 highly highly ADV anesthj-113 105 5 protein protein NOUN anesthj-113 105 6 bound bind VERB anesthj-113 105 7 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 106 1 it it PRON anesthj-113 106 2 has have AUX anesthj-113 106 3 been be AUX anesthj-113 106 4 found find VERB anesthj-113 106 5 to to PART anesthj-113 106 6 help help VERB anesthj-113 106 7 reduce reduce VERB anesthj-113 106 8 ischemia ischemia NOUN anesthj-113 106 9 in in ADP anesthj-113 106 10 renal renal ADJ anesthj-113 106 11 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 106 12 splanchnic splanchnic ADJ anesthj-113 106 13 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 106 14 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 106 15 myocardial myocardial ADJ anesthj-113 106 16 tissues tissue NOUN anesthj-113 106 17 during during ADP anesthj-113 106 18 reperfusion reperfusion NOUN anesthj-113 106 19 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 107 1 no no DET anesthj-113 107 2 tolerance tolerance NOUN anesthj-113 107 3 to to PART anesthj-113 107 4 clevidipine clevidipine VERB anesthj-113 107 5 has have AUX anesthj-113 107 6 been be AUX anesthj-113 107 7 reported report VERB anesthj-113 107 8 in in ADP anesthj-113 107 9 the the DET anesthj-113 107 10 published publish VERB anesthj-113 107 11 literature literature NOUN anesthj-113 107 12 to to ADP anesthj-113 107 13 date date NOUN anesthj-113 107 14 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 108 1 summary summary NOUN anesthj-113 108 2 overall overall ADJ anesthj-113 108 3 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 108 4 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin NOUN anesthj-113 108 5 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 108 6 clevidipine clevidipine NOUN anesthj-113 108 7 have have VERB anesthj-113 108 8 many many ADJ anesthj-113 108 9 similarities similarity NOUN anesthj-113 108 10 : : PUNCT anesthj-113 108 11 protection protection NOUN anesthj-113 108 12 against against ADP anesthj-113 108 13 reperfusion reperfusion NOUN anesthj-113 108 14 injury injury NOUN anesthj-113 108 15 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 108 16 rapid rapid ADJ anesthj-113 108 17 onset onset NOUN anesthj-113 108 18 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 108 19 offset offset VERB anesthj-113 108 20 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 108 21 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 108 22 decreased decrease VERB anesthj-113 108 23 bp bp PROPN anesthj-113 108 24 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 109 1 however however ADV anesthj-113 109 2 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 109 3 the the DET anesthj-113 109 4 mechanism mechanism NOUN anesthj-113 109 5 of of ADP anesthj-113 109 6 action action NOUN anesthj-113 109 7 of of ADP anesthj-113 109 8 each each PRON anesthj-113 109 9 of of ADP anesthj-113 109 10 these these DET anesthj-113 109 11 drugs drug NOUN anesthj-113 109 12 is be AUX anesthj-113 109 13 distinct distinct ADJ anesthj-113 109 14 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 109 15 is be AUX anesthj-113 109 16 the the DET anesthj-113 109 17 basis basis NOUN anesthj-113 109 18 of of ADP anesthj-113 109 19 therapeutic therapeutic ADJ anesthj-113 109 20 decisions decision NOUN anesthj-113 109 21 in in ADP anesthj-113 109 22 the the DET anesthj-113 109 23 clinical clinical ADJ anesthj-113 109 24 setting setting NOUN anesthj-113 109 25 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 110 1 of of ADP anesthj-113 110 2 these these DET anesthj-113 110 3 2 2 NUM anesthj-113 110 4 drugs drug NOUN anesthj-113 110 5 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 110 6 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin ADJ anesthj-113 110 7 administration administration NOUN anesthj-113 110 8 is be AUX anesthj-113 110 9 most most ADV anesthj-113 110 10 likely likely ADJ anesthj-113 110 11 to to PART anesthj-113 110 12 result result VERB anesthj-113 110 13 in in ADP anesthj-113 110 14 adverse adverse ADJ anesthj-113 110 15 hemodynamics hemodynamic NOUN anesthj-113 110 16 or or CCONJ anesthj-113 110 17 tolerance tolerance NOUN anesthj-113 110 18 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 110 19 lack lack NOUN anesthj-113 110 20 of of ADP anesthj-113 110 21 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN anesthj-113 110 22 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 111 1 therefore therefore ADV anesthj-113 111 2 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 111 3 while while SCONJ anesthj-113 111 4 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin NOUN anesthj-113 111 5 is be AUX anesthj-113 111 6 still still ADV anesthj-113 111 7 useful useful ADJ anesthj-113 111 8 during during ADP anesthj-113 111 9 cardiovascular cardiovascular ADJ anesthj-113 111 10 procedures procedure NOUN anesthj-113 111 11 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 111 12 clevidipine clevidipine NOUN anesthj-113 111 13 must must AUX anesthj-113 111 14 also also ADV anesthj-113 111 15 be be AUX anesthj-113 111 16 readily readily ADV anesthj-113 111 17 available available ADJ anesthj-113 111 18 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 112 1 anesthesia anesthesia PROPN anesthj-113 112 2 ejournal ejournal PROPN anesthj-113 112 3 www.anesthesiaejournal.com www.anesthesiaejournal.com PROPN anesthj-113 112 4 volume volume NOUN anesthj-113 112 5 7 7 NUM anesthj-113 113 1 no no NOUN anesthj-113 113 2 . . NOUN anesthj-113 113 3 2 2 NUM anesthj-113 113 4 2019 2019 NUM anesthj-113 113 5 page page NOUN anesthj-113 113 6 8 8 NUM anesthj-113 113 7 references reference NOUN anesthj-113 113 8 1 1 NUM anesthj-113 113 9 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 113 10 divakaran divakaran PROPN anesthj-113 113 11 s s PROPN anesthj-113 113 12 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 113 13 loscalzo loscalzo PROPN anesthj-113 113 14 j. j. PROPN anesthj-113 114 1 the the DET anesthj-113 114 2 role role NOUN anesthj-113 114 3 of of ADP anesthj-113 114 4 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin NOUN anesthj-113 114 5 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 114 6 other other ADJ anesthj-113 114 7 nitrogen nitrogen NOUN anesthj-113 114 8 oxides oxide NOUN anesthj-113 114 9 in in ADP anesthj-113 114 10 cardiovascular cardiovascular ADJ anesthj-113 114 11 therapeutics therapeutic NOUN anesthj-113 114 12 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 115 1 j j PROPN anesthj-113 115 2 am be AUX anesthj-113 115 3 coll coll PROPN anesthj-113 115 4 cardiol cardiol NOUN anesthj-113 115 5 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 116 1 2017;70(19):2393 2017;70(19):2393 NUM anesthj-113 116 2 - - SYM anesthj-113 116 3 409 409 NUM anesthj-113 116 4 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 117 1 doi:10.1016 doi:10.1016 PROPN anesthj-113 117 2 / / SYM anesthj-113 117 3 j.jacc.2017.09.1064 j.jacc.2017.09.1064 PROPN anesthj-113 117 4 . . PROPN anesthj-113 118 1 2 2 NUM anesthj-113 118 2 . . X anesthj-113 118 3 mayer mayer PROPN anesthj-113 118 4 b b PROPN anesthj-113 118 5 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 118 6 beretta beretta PROPN anesthj-113 118 7 m. m. NOUN anesthj-113 118 8 the the DET anesthj-113 118 9 enigma enigma NOUN anesthj-113 118 10 of of ADP anesthj-113 118 11 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin NOUN anesthj-113 118 12 bioactivation bioactivation NOUN anesthj-113 118 13 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 118 14 nitrate nitrate NOUN anesthj-113 118 15 tolerance tolerance NOUN anesthj-113 118 16 : : PUNCT anesthj-113 118 17 news news NOUN anesthj-113 118 18 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 118 19 views view NOUN anesthj-113 118 20 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 118 21 troubles trouble NOUN anesthj-113 118 22 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 119 1 br br PROPN anesthj-113 119 2 j j PROPN anesthj-113 119 3 pharmacol pharmacol PROPN anesthj-113 119 4 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 120 1 2008;155:170 2008;155:170 NUM anesthj-113 120 2 - - SYM anesthj-113 120 3 84 84 NUM anesthj-113 120 4 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 121 1 doi:10.1038 doi:10.1038 NOUN anesthj-113 121 2 / / SYM anesthj-113 121 3 bjp.2008.263 bjp.2008.263 PROPN anesthj-113 121 4 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 122 1 3 3 X anesthj-113 122 2 . . X anesthj-113 122 3 hegde hegde PROPN anesthj-113 122 4 hv hv PROPN anesthj-113 122 5 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 122 6 jagadish jagadish PROPN anesthj-113 122 7 n n CCONJ anesthj-113 122 8 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 122 9 rao rao NOUN anesthj-113 122 10 pr pr NOUN anesthj-113 122 11 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 123 1 an an DET anesthj-113 123 2 ultra ultra ADJ anesthj-113 123 3 - - ADJ anesthj-113 123 4 rapid rapid ADJ anesthj-113 123 5 development development NOUN anesthj-113 123 6 of of ADP anesthj-113 123 7 tachyphylaxis tachyphylaxis NOUN anesthj-113 123 8 to to ADP anesthj-113 123 9 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin NOUN anesthj-113 123 10 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 124 1 indian indian PROPN anesthj-113 124 2 j j PROPN anesthj-113 124 3 anaesth anaesth PROPN anesthj-113 124 4 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 125 1 2014;58(6):777 2014;58(6):777 NUM anesthj-113 125 2 - - SYM anesthj-113 125 3 8 8 NUM anesthj-113 125 4 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 126 1 doi:10.4103/0019 doi:10.4103/0019 PROPN anesthj-113 126 2 - - PUNCT anesthj-113 126 3 5049.147183 5049.147183 NUM anesthj-113 126 4 . . NOUN anesthj-113 127 1 4 4 NUM anesthj-113 127 2 . . X anesthj-113 127 3 nordlander nordlander PROPN anesthj-113 127 4 m m PROPN anesthj-113 127 5 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 127 6 sjöquist sjöquist VERB anesthj-113 127 7 po po PROPN anesthj-113 127 8 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 127 9 ericsson ericsson PROPN anesthj-113 127 10 h h PROPN anesthj-113 127 11 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 127 12 rydén rydén X anesthj-113 127 13 l. l. PROPN anesthj-113 127 14 pharmacodynamic pharmacodynamic ADJ anesthj-113 127 15 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 127 16 pharmacokinetic pharmacokinetic ADJ anesthj-113 127 17 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 127 18 clinical clinical ADJ anesthj-113 127 19 effects effect NOUN anesthj-113 127 20 of of ADP anesthj-113 127 21 clevidipine clevidipine NOUN anesthj-113 127 22 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 127 23 an an DET anesthj-113 127 24 ultrashort ultrashort NOUN anesthj-113 127 25 - - PUNCT anesthj-113 127 26 acting act VERB anesthj-113 127 27 calcium calcium NOUN anesthj-113 127 28 antagonist antagonist NOUN anesthj-113 127 29 for for ADP anesthj-113 127 30 rapid rapid ADJ anesthj-113 127 31 blood blood NOUN anesthj-113 127 32 pressure pressure NOUN anesthj-113 127 33 control control NOUN anesthj-113 127 34 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 128 1 cardiovasc cardiovasc PROPN anesthj-113 128 2 drug drug PROPN anesthj-113 128 3 rev rev PROPN anesthj-113 128 4 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 129 1 2004;22(3):227 2004;22(3):227 NUM anesthj-113 129 2 - - SYM anesthj-113 129 3 50 50 NUM anesthj-113 129 4 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 129 5 pmid:15492770 pmid:15492770 NOUN anesthj-113 129 6 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 130 1 5 5 NUM anesthj-113 130 2 . . X anesthj-113 130 3 espinosa espinosa PROPN anesthj-113 130 4 a a DET anesthj-113 130 5 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 130 6 ripollés ripollés NOUN anesthj-113 130 7 - - PUNCT anesthj-113 130 8 melchor melchor NOUN anesthj-113 130 9 j j PROPN anesthj-113 130 10 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 130 11 casans casans PROPN anesthj-113 130 12 - - PUNCT anesthj-113 130 13 francés francés NOUN anesthj-113 130 14 r r NOUN anesthj-113 130 15 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 130 16 et et PROPN anesthj-113 130 17 al al PROPN anesthj-113 130 18 ; ; PUNCT anesthj-113 130 19 evidence evidence NOUN anesthj-113 130 20 anesthesia anesthesia PROPN anesthj-113 130 21 review review PROPN anesthj-113 130 22 group group NOUN anesthj-113 130 23 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 131 1 perioperative perioperative ADJ anesthj-113 131 2 use use NOUN anesthj-113 131 3 of of ADP anesthj-113 131 4 clevidipine clevidipine NOUN anesthj-113 131 5 : : PUNCT anesthj-113 131 6 a a DET anesthj-113 131 7 systematic systematic ADJ anesthj-113 131 8 review review NOUN anesthj-113 131 9 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 131 10 meta meta ADJ anesthj-113 131 11 - - PUNCT anesthj-113 131 12 analysis analysis NOUN anesthj-113 131 13 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 132 1 plos plos PROPN anesthj-113 132 2 one one NUM anesthj-113 132 3 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 133 1 2016;11(3):e0150625 2016;11(3):e0150625 X anesthj-113 133 2 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 134 1 pmid:27018586 pmid:27018586 PROPN anesthj-113 134 2 . . PROPN anesthj-113 134 3 6 6 NUM anesthj-113 134 4 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 134 5 aronson aronson PROPN anesthj-113 134 6 s s PROPN anesthj-113 134 7 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 134 8 dyke dyke ADJ anesthj-113 134 9 cm cm NOUN anesthj-113 134 10 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 134 11 stierer stierer NOUN anesthj-113 134 12 ka ka PROPN anesthj-113 134 13 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 134 14 et et PROPN anesthj-113 134 15 al al PROPN anesthj-113 134 16 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 135 1 the the DET anesthj-113 135 2 eclipse eclipse NOUN anesthj-113 135 3 trials trial NOUN anesthj-113 135 4 : : PUNCT anesthj-113 135 5 comparative comparative ADJ anesthj-113 135 6 studies study NOUN anesthj-113 135 7 of of ADP anesthj-113 135 8 clevidipine clevidipine NOUN anesthj-113 135 9 to to ADP anesthj-113 135 10 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin NOUN anesthj-113 135 11 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 135 12 sodium sodium NOUN anesthj-113 135 13 nitroprusside nitroprusside ADV anesthj-113 135 14 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 135 15 and and CCONJ anesthj-113 135 16 nicardipine nicardipine VERB anesthj-113 135 17 for for ADP anesthj-113 135 18 acute acute ADJ anesthj-113 135 19 hypertension hypertension NOUN anesthj-113 135 20 treatment treatment NOUN anesthj-113 135 21 in in ADP anesthj-113 135 22 cardiac cardiac ADJ anesthj-113 135 23 surgery surgery NOUN anesthj-113 135 24 patients patient NOUN anesthj-113 135 25 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 136 1 anesth anesth PROPN anesthj-113 136 2 analg analg PROPN anesthj-113 136 3 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 137 1 2008;107(4):111021 2008;107(4):111021 NUM anesthj-113 137 2 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 138 1 pmid:18806012 pmid:18806012 NOUN anesthj-113 138 2 . . PROPN anesthj-113 139 1 7 7 X anesthj-113 139 2 . . X anesthj-113 139 3 merry merry VERB anesthj-113 139 4 af af PROPN anesthj-113 139 5 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 139 6 avery avery PROPN anesthj-113 139 7 eg eg PROPN anesthj-113 139 8 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 139 9 nussmeier nussmeier ADV anesthj-113 139 10 na na NOUN anesthj-113 139 11 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 139 12 et et PROPN anesthj-113 139 13 al al PROPN anesthj-113 139 14 . . PROPN anesthj-113 139 15 clevidipine clevidipine PROPN anesthj-113 139 16 compared compare VERB anesthj-113 139 17 with with ADP anesthj-113 139 18 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin NOUN anesthj-113 139 19 for for ADP anesthj-113 139 20 blood blood NOUN anesthj-113 139 21 pressure pressure NOUN anesthj-113 139 22 control control NOUN anesthj-113 139 23 in in ADP anesthj-113 139 24 coronary coronary ADJ anesthj-113 139 25 artery artery NOUN anesthj-113 139 26 bypass bypass NOUN anesthj-113 139 27 grafting grafting NOUN anesthj-113 139 28 : : PUNCT anesthj-113 139 29 a a DET anesthj-113 139 30 randomized randomized ADJ anesthj-113 139 31 double double ADJ anesthj-113 139 32 - - PUNCT anesthj-113 139 33 blind blind ADJ anesthj-113 139 34 study study NOUN anesthj-113 139 35 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 140 1 can can AUX anesthj-113 140 2 j j PROPN anesthj-113 140 3 anaesth anaesth PROPN anesthj-113 140 4 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 141 1 2014;61(5):398 2014;61(5):398 NUM anesthj-113 141 2 - - PUNCT anesthj-113 141 3 406 406 NUM anesthj-113 141 4 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 142 1 pmid:24700403 pmid:24700403 NOUN anesthj-113 142 2 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 143 1 8 8 X anesthj-113 143 2 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 143 3 katzung katzung PROPN anesthj-113 143 4 bg bg PROPN anesthj-113 143 5 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 143 6 trevor trevor PROPN anesthj-113 143 7 aj aj PROPN anesthj-113 143 8 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 143 9 eds eds PROPN anesthj-113 143 10 . . PROPN anesthj-113 143 11 basic basic ADJ anesthj-113 143 12 & & CCONJ anesthj-113 143 13 clinical clinical ADJ anesthj-113 143 14 pharmacology pharmacology NOUN anesthj-113 143 15 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 144 1 13th 13th NOUN anesthj-113 145 1 ed ed NOUN anesthj-113 145 2 . . PUNCT anesthj-113 146 1 new new PROPN anesthj-113 146 2 york york PROPN anesthj-113 146 3 , , PUNCT anesthj-113 146 4 ny ny PROPN anesthj-113 146 5 : : PUNCT anesthj-113 146 6 mcgraw mcgraw PROPN anesthj-113 146 7 hill hill PROPN anesthj-113 146 8 education education NOUN anesthj-113 146 9 ; ; PUNCT anesthj-113 146 10 2015 2015 NUM anesthj-113 146 11 . . PUNCT