# bib

id: cord-301183-k39e12cq
author: Pham, Tho D.
title: SARS-CoV-2 RNAemia in a Healthy Blood Donor 40 Days After Respiratory Illness Resolution
date: 2020-07-17
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 290
sentence: 8
flesch: 30
cache: cache/cord-301183-k39e12cq.txt
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summary:
  Furthermore, the risk for transmission of other transfusion-transmitted viral infections, such as HIV-1, is correlated with virus load, indicating that if bloodborne transmission is possible, the low level of Coronavirus disease 2019: coronaviruses and blood safety Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 RNA detected in blood donations Sample pooling as a strategy to detect community transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Comparison of a laboratorydeveloped test targeting the envelope gene with three nucleic acid amplification tests for detection of SARS-CoV-2 AABB's Resources for: FDA's Updated Information for Blood Establishments Regarding the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Outbreak. Of note, however, the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 from blood remains unknown and, to date, we are not aware of cases of transfusion-transmitted COVID-19.


id: cord-335003-7ae0galy
author: Kussmaul, William G.
title: COVID-19 and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor/Angiotensin-Receptor Blocker Therapy
date: 2020-05-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 739
sentence: 36
flesch: 50
cache: cache/cord-335003-7ae0galy.txt
txt: txt/cord-335003-7ae0galy.txt
summary:
  Initial fears that hypertension or its therapy uniquely contribute to COVID-19 illness seem now to have been unfounded. One might also add that there are currently insufficient outcomes data to show that they provide specific benefit during COVID-19 illness.


id: cord-325643-nszsf0nu
author: Tan, Benjamin Y.Q.
title: Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Health Care Workers in Singapore
date: 2020-04-06
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 773
sentence: 38
flesch: 45
cache: cache/cord-325643-nszsf0nu.txt
txt: txt/cord-325643-nszsf0nu.txt
summary:
  The prevalence of anxiety was higher among nonmedical health care workers than medical personnel (20.7% versus 10.8%; adjusted prevalence ratio, 1.85 Similarly, higher mean DASS-21 anxiety and stress subscale scores and higher IES-R total and subscale scores were observed in nonmedical health care workers ( Table 2) .


id: cord-309207-n8u8ddv7
author: Lechien, Jerome R.
title: Loss of Smell and Taste in 2013 European Patients With Mild to Moderate COVID-19
date: 2020-05-26
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 904
sentence: 36
flesch: 47
cache: cache/cord-309207-n8u8ddv7.txt
txt: txt/cord-309207-n8u8ddv7.txt
summary:
  At the time of evaluation, 573 of 1754 patients regained their sense of smell, 60.9% of them between 5 and 14 days after the onset of smell loss; mean duration of olfactory dysfunction was 8.4 days (SD, 5.1). Using a standardized online questionnaire, we collected clinical and epidemiologic data from hospitalized patients on discharge day and from ambulatory patients after the resolution of key symptoms (such as cough, fever, dyspnea, headache, myalgia, and arthralgia) (Figure) .


id: cord-330916-s99ayg1j
author: Hernandez, Adrian V.
title: Update Alert: Hydroxychloroquine or Chloroquine for the Treatment or Prophylaxis of COVID-19
date: 2020-07-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 977
sentence: 41
flesch: 39
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txt: txt/cord-330916-s99ayg1j.txt
summary:
  Preprint posted online 16 Association of treatment with hydroxychloroquine or azithromycin with in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19 in New York State Hydroxychloroquine and tocilizumab therapy for COVID-19 patients -an observational study. Preprint posted online 2 Early hydroxychloroquine is associated with an increase of survival in COVID-19 patients: an observational study Observational study of hydroxychloroquine in hospitalized patients with covid-19 No evidence of clinical efficacy of hydroxychloroquine in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 infection with oxygen requirement: results of a study using routinely collected data to emulate a target trial.


id: cord-263549-hmdyb7hi
author: DeWitt, Dawn E.
date: 2020-04-07
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 699
sentence: 28
flesch: 44
cache: cache/cord-263549-hmdyb7hi.txt
txt: txt/cord-263549-hmdyb7hi.txt
title:
  Fighting COVID-19: Enabling Graduating Students to Start Internship Early at Their Own Medical School

summary:
  key: cord-263549-hmdyb7hi authors: DeWitt, Dawn E. title: Fighting COVID-19: Enabling Graduating Students to Start Internship Early at Their Own Medical School date: 2020-04-07 journal: Ann Intern Med DOI: 10.7326/m20-1262 sha: doc_id: 263549 cord_uid: hmdyb7hi This perspective proposes one way to ensure enough doctors, nurses, and pharmacists during the COVID-19 pandemic: Enable graduating students to start internship early at their own medical school. Italy rushes to promote new doctors to relieve coronavirus crisis Accessed at www .ama-assn.org/delivering-care/public-health/covid-19-states-call-early -medical-school-grads-bolster-workforce on 5 Accessed at www.wisemed .org/Wise-oncall The key role of a transition course in preparing medical students for internship Advanced cardiovascular life support (ACLS) course options House of Representatives Committee on Small Business.


id: cord-309650-6xz9gjq0
author: Chou, Roger
title: Update Alert 4: Epidemiology of and Risk Factors for Coronavirus Infection in Health Care Workers
date: 2020-09-11
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1475
sentence: 5
flesch: -237
cache: cache/cord-309650-6xz9gjq0.txt
txt: txt/cord-309650-6xz9gjq0.txt
summary:
  Female vs. male (IgG): OR, 0.58 (0.20-1.67) IgG: 14.8% (7/115) IgG: 7.8% (5/64) Nurse vs /105) Nurse vs. physician: OR, 0.49 (0.15-1.55) Radiology technician: 29.4% (5/17) Other HCW role: 2.4% (1/41) 29 y: 2.3% (2/88) Epidemiology of and risk factors for coronavirus infection in health care workers Update Alert 2: Epidemiology of and risk factors for coronavirus infection in health care workers Low seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers of the largest children hospital in Milan during the pandemic wave Efficacy of a test-retest strategy in residents and health care personnel of a nursing home facing a COVID-19 outbreak Large-scale, molecular and serological SARS-CoV-2 screening of healthcare workers in a 4-site public hospital in Belgium after COVID-19 outbreak Specific risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 transmission among health care workers in a university hospital Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in healthcare workers at a London NHS Trust Pandemic peak SARS-CoV-2 infection and seroconversion rates in London frontline health-care workers Seroprevalence of severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies among healthcare workers with differing levels of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patient exposure Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among health care workers in a tertiary community hospital SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers of a gastroenterological service in a tertiary care facility Infection with SARS-CoV-2 in primary care health care workers assessed by antibody testing Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in health care personnel in the New York City area Search for asymptomatic carriers of SARS-CoV-2 in healthcare workers during the pandemic: a Spanish experience COVID-19 outbreak in healthcare workers in Trieste hospitals SARS-CoV-2 specific serological pattern in healthcare workers of an Italian COVID-19 forefront hospital COVID-19 screening for healthcare workers in a tertiary infectious diseases referral hospital in Manila, the Philippines The role of isolation rooms, facemasks and intensified hand hygiene in the prevention of nosocomial COVID-19 transmission in a pulmonary clinical setting Asymptomatic infection by SARS-CoV-2 in healthcare workers: a study in a large teaching hospital in Wuhan, China Update Alert: epidemiology of and risk factors for coronavirus infection in health care workers Update Alert 3: epidemiology of and risk factors for coronavirus infection in health care workers Risks to healthcare workers following tracheal intubation of patients with COVID-19: a prospective international multicentre cohort study SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare personnel with highrisk occupational exposure: evaluation of seven-day exclusion from work policy Dynamic of SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR positivity and seroprevalence among high-risk health care workers and hospital staff Occupation and risk of COVID-19: prospective cohort study of 120,621 UK Biobank participants Risk of COVID-19 among frontline healthcare workers and the general community: a prospective cohort study. The Lancet Prevalence of serum IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 among clinic staff SARS-CoV-2 infection in health care workers: a retrospective analysis and a model study COVID-19 infections among healthcare workers exposed to a patient with a delayed diagnosis of COVID-19 Containment of a traceable COVID-19 outbreak among healthcare workers at a hematopoietic stem cell transplantation unit SARS-CoV-2 infection in health care Transmission of COVID-19 to health care personnel during exposures to a hospitalized patient COVID-19 screening of health-care workers in a London maternity hospital COVID-2019) infection among health care workers and implications for prevention measures in a tertiary hospital in Wuhan, China Epidemiological,clinical and radiological findings in medical staff with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a single-centered Prevention and protection measures of healthcare workers exposed in health settings to severe acute respiratory infections from SARS-CoV-2 in a univeristy hospital in Bari, Apulia Region, southern Italy Occupational exposures and programmatic response to COVID-19 pandemic: an emergency medical services experience Risk factors of healthcare workers with Corona Virus Disease 2019: a retrospective cohort study in a designated hospital of Wuhan in China COVID-19: PCR screening of asymptomatic health-care workers at London hospital Epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in medical staff members of neurosurgery departments in Hubei province: A multicentre descriptive study Investigation of nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 transmission from two patients to health care workers identifies close contact but not airborne transmission events Symptom criteria for COVID-19 testing of health care workers Psychological impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak on healthcare workers in China Impact of COVID-19 outbreak on healthcare workers in Italy: results from a national e-survey Report of 5 nurses infecting COVID-19 during patient care: case Series Impact on mental health and perceptions of psychological care among medical and nursing staff in Wuhan during the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease outbreak: a cross-sectional study Prevalence and clinical presentation of health care workers with symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 in 2 Dutch hospitals during an early phase of the pandemic SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody detection in healthcare workers in Germany with direct contact to COVID-19 patients Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in health workers (HWs) and diagnostic test performance: the experience of a teaching hospital in Central Italy The prevalence and influencing factors for anxiety in medical workers fighting COVID-19 in China: A cross-sectional survey Characteristics of 1,573 healthcare workers who underwent nasopharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV-2 in Milano Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Gastroenterology Divisions in Italy: a national survey COVID-19 mortality in Italian doctors Screening of healthcare workers for SARS-CoV-2 highlights the role of asymptomatic carriage in COVID-19 transmission COVID-19 Psychological impact in 3109 healthcare workers in Spain: The PSIMCOV Group Outbreak investigation of COVID-19 among residents and staff of an independent and assisted living community for older adults in SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion in health care workers COVID-19 in healthcare workers in three hospitals in the South of the Netherlands Serological prevalence of antibodies to SARS CoV-2 amongst cancer centre staff Comparing hospitalised, community and staff COVID-19 infection rates during the early phase of the evolving COVID-19 epidemic COVID-19 cluster study at a teaching hospital At the height of the storm: Healthcare staff's health conditions and job satisfaction and their associated predictors during the epidemic peak of COVID-19 Analysis of the infection status of the health care workers in Wuhan during the COVID-19 outbreak: A cross-sectional study COVID-19 in Wuhan: immediate psychological impact on 5062 health workers Deaths from COVID-19 in healthcare workers in Italy -what can we learn?


id: cord-339509-4ezt6o0o
author: Fox, Sharon E.
title: Cardiac Endotheliitis and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome After COVID-19
date: 2020-07-29
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mime: text/plain
words: 954
sentence: 40
flesch: 38
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summary:
  Similar inflammation was noted in occasional portal triad vessels within the liver (Figure, G) . key: cord-339509-4ezt6o0o authors: Fox, Sharon E.; Lameira, Fernanda S.; Rinker, Elizabeth B.; Vander Heide, Richard S. title: Cardiac Endotheliitis and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome After COVID-19 date: 2020-07-29 journal: Ann Intern Med DOI: 10.7326/l20-0882 sha: doc_id: 339509 cord_uid: 4ezt6o0o nan Background: Endotheliitis and microangiopathy have been identified as key features of the pathophysiology of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (1, 2) .


id: cord-273192-r1wt1oyg
author: Blackburn, Justin
date: 2020-09-02
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 929
sentence: 47
flesch: 46
cache: cache/cord-273192-r1wt1oyg.txt
txt: txt/cord-273192-r1wt1oyg.txt
title:
  Infection Fatality Ratios for COVID-19 Among Noninstitutionalized Persons 12 and Older: Results of a Random-Sample Prevalence Study

summary:
  To calculate a true IFR, population prevalence data are needed from large geographic areas where reliable death data also exist. We combined prevalence estimates from a statewide random sample with Indiana vital statistics data of confirmed COVID-19 deaths (4).


id: cord-307717-vf85qt8j
author: Dewey, Charlene
title: Supporting Clinicians During the COVID-19 Pandemic
date: 2020-03-20
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1038
sentence: 47
flesch: 40
cache: cache/cord-307717-vf85qt8j.txt
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summary:
  To better enable clinicians to maintain personal wellbeing and resilience throughout the pandemic, leaders should aim to monitor clinician wellness and proactively address concerns related to the safety of clinicians and their families. Emphasizing clinician wellness during the COVID-19 pandemic (8) is necessary to enable them to provide high-quality care.


id: cord-298632-xu1sgguh
author: Tyan, Kevin
title: Investing in Our First Line of Defense: Environmental Services Workers
date: 2020-05-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1108
sentence: 43
flesch: 43
cache: cache/cord-298632-xu1sgguh.txt
txt: txt/cord-298632-xu1sgguh.txt
summary:
  Now, as the surge of COVID-19 cases threatens to overwhelm our hospitals, EVS workers are being asked to do more with less. To thoroughly disinfect a hospital room, EVS workers need sufficient time, proper technique, and effective tools.


id: cord-303420-3jlqx83u
author: Kiser, Stephanie B.
title: When the Dust Settles: Preventing a Mental Health Crisis in COVID-19 Clinicians
date: 2020-06-09
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1194
sentence: 64
flesch: 61
cache: cache/cord-303420-3jlqx83u.txt
txt: txt/cord-303420-3jlqx83u.txt
summary:
  In a study of health care workers involved in the 2003 SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) outbreak in Toronto, one third of those surveyed reported posttraumatic stress symptoms at levels similar to those of victims of a large-scale natural disaster (4). Throughout the pandemic, the community has praised health care workers.


id: cord-301852-9nza3po0
author: Sears, David
title: Occupational Health: A Key to the Control of COVID-19 in Correctional Facilities
date: 2020-07-27
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1255
sentence: 39
flesch: 27
cache: cache/cord-301852-9nza3po0.txt
txt: txt/cord-301852-9nza3po0.txt
summary:
  The authors believe that ensuring community-standard occupational health for correctional staff during COVID-19 will protect prison residents, staff, and their communities. What has been too often lost in this conversation is the need for enhanced measures to safeguard the occupational health of correctional staff in ways that are commensurate with the risk they face while carrying out their duties.


id: cord-287191-e8073l9p
author: Klompas, Michael
title: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Protecting Hospitals From the Invisible
date: 2020-03-11
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1333
sentence: 50
flesch: 40
cache: cache/cord-287191-e8073l9p.txt
txt: txt/cord-287191-e8073l9p.txt
summary:
  We underappreciate that 30% to 50% of cases of community-acquired pneumonia are caused by viruses, that nosocomial transmission of respiratory viruses is common, and that routine respiratory viruses cause substantial morbidity and mortality that may not differ much from those caused by SARS-CoV-2 once minimally symptomatic COVID-19 is accounted for. Respiratory viruses infect millions of persons each year (about 10% of the population) and cause tens of thousands of deaths in the United States alone (10) .


id: cord-337482-imxkpfrn
author: Koplan, Jeffrey
title: Maxims for a Pandemic: Time, Distance, and Data
date: 2020-10-27
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1222
sentence: 60
flesch: 47
cache: cache/cord-337482-imxkpfrn.txt
txt: txt/cord-337482-imxkpfrn.txt
summary:
  I n their article, Alagoz and colleagues explored the effect of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related public health mandates in 3 U.S. locations-Dane County, Wisconsin; the Milwaukee metropolitan area; and New York City-using agent-based simulation models (1) . Ann Intern Med DOI: 10.7326/m20-6934 sha: doc_id: 337482 cord_uid: imxkpfrn In their article, Alagoz and colleagues explored the effect of COVID-19–related public health mandates in 3 U.S. locations.


id: cord-253196-et1ekgdl
author: Yazdany, Jinoos
date: 2020-03-31
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1331
sentence: 51
flesch: 38
cache: cache/cord-253196-et1ekgdl.txt
txt: txt/cord-253196-et1ekgdl.txt
title:
  Use of Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine During the COVID-19 Pandemic: What Every Clinician Should Know

summary:
  Well-done, randomized clinical trials should be performed urgently to test potential therapies, including HCQ. The antimalarials hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and chloroquine (CQ) have demonstrated antiviral activity against severe acute respiratory syndromecoronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in vitro and in small, poorly controlled or uncontrolled clinical studies (1) (2) (3) .


id: cord-275601-9y5zj9an
author: Boutron, Isabelle
title: The COVID-NMA Project: Building an Evidence Ecosystem for the COVID-19 Pandemic
date: 2020-09-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1367
sentence: 66
flesch: 45
cache: cache/cord-275601-9y5zj9an.txt
txt: txt/cord-275601-9y5zj9an.txt
summary:
  In addition, although evidence synthesis is directly affected by the quality of primary research, interaction is limited between the evidence generation and synthesis communities. Introduction evidence synthesis ecosystem needs dramatic change Meta-analysis and the science of research synthesis China Medical Treatment Expert Group for Covid-19.


id: cord-338757-fsid4a39
author: Bibbins-Domingo, Kirsten
title: This Time Must Be Different: Disparities During the COVID-19 Pandemic
date: 2020-04-28
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1448
sentence: 54
flesch: 37
cache: cache/cord-338757-fsid4a39.txt
txt: txt/cord-338757-fsid4a39.txt
summary:
  We need robust data to guide these efforts, but better information must be coupled with urgent and effective action to decrease exposure, susceptibility, and limitations in health care to achieve the desired results. Establishing and nurturing trust and partnerships within affected communities will be critical because diminished trust in health care borne from a legacy of unethical experimentation, including the Tuskegee study, has been identified as an important contributor to vaccine hesitancy among African Americans (8, 9) .


id: cord-355805-ajlf5je4
author: Qaseem, Amir
date: 2020-05-13
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2016
sentence: 79
flesch: 40
cache: cache/cord-355805-ajlf5je4.txt
txt: txt/cord-355805-ajlf5je4.txt
title:
  Should Clinicians Use Chloroquine or Hydroxychloroquine Alone or in Combination With Azithromycin for the Prophylaxis or Treatment of COVID-19? Living Practice Points From the American College of Physicians (Version 1)

summary:
  The hierarchy of evidence: levels and grades of recommendation SPECIAL ARTICLE Current Author Addresses: Dr. Qaseem: American College of Physicians, 190. In addition to contributing clinical, scientific, and methodological expertise, Clinical Policy staff provided administrative support and liaised among the SMPC, evidence review funding entity and evidence team, and the journal.


id: cord-312125-j9l6l3dx
author: Pau, Alice K.
date: 2020-09-25
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1800
sentence: 74
flesch: 42
cache: cache/cord-312125-j9l6l3dx.txt
txt: txt/cord-312125-j9l6l3dx.txt
title:
  Convalescent Plasma for the Treatment of COVID-19: Perspectives of the National Institutes of Health COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines Panel

summary:
  Given the lack of data from properly powered RCTs, and the need to inform regulatory decision making regarding continued access to convalescent plasma, both the FDA and the Mayo Clinic performed retrospective, indirect evaluations of efficacy by using EAP data, hypothesizing that patients who received plasma units with higher titers of neutralizing antibodies would have better clinical outcomes. Ann Intern Med DOI: 10.7326/m20-6448 sha: doc_id: 312125 cord_uid: j9l6l3dx In the United States, the efficacy and safety of convalescent plasma for treating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is currently being tested in randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials.


id: cord-313345-zwe3tmq0
author: Chou, Roger
date: 2020-07-20
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 604
sentence: 4
flesch: -93
cache: cache/cord-313345-zwe3tmq0.txt
txt: txt/cord-313345-zwe3tmq0.txt
title:
  Update Alert: Masks for Prevention of Respiratory Virus Infections, Including SARS-CoV-2, in Health Care and Community Settings

summary:
  Masks for prevention of respiratory virus infections evidence map -July 2020 update Masks for prevention of respiratory virus infections, including SARS-CoV-2, in health care and community settings: a living rapid review Reduction of secondary transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in households by face mask use, disinfection and social distancing: a cohort study in Beijing, China Probable secondary infections in households of SARS patients in Hong Kong SARS transmission in Vietnam outside of the health-care setting Risk factors for SARS among persons without known contact with SARS patients Face mask use and control of respiratory virus transmission in households Surgical mask to prevent influenza transmission in households: a cluster randomized trial Facemasks and hand hygiene to prevent influenza transmission in households: a cluster randomized trial Preliminary findings of a randomized trial of non-pharmaceutical interventions to prevent influenza transmission in households Impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions on URIs and influenza in crowded, urban households Cluster randomised controlled trial to examine medical mask use as source control for people with respiratory illness Findings from a household randomized controlled trial of hand washing and face masks to reduce influenza transmission in The role of facemasks and hand hygiene in the prevention of influenza transmission in households: results from a cluster randomised trial Mask use, hand hygiene, and seasonal influenza-like illness among young adults: a randomized intervention trial Facemasks, hand hygiene, and influenza among young adults: a randomized intervention trial Facemask versus no facemask in preventing viral respiratory infections during Hajj: a cluster randomised open label trial March 8 Pilot randomised controlled trial to test effectiveness of facemasks in preventing influenza-like illness transmission among Australian Hajj pilgrims in 2011 Risk factors for SARS infection among hospital healthcare workers in Beijing: a case control study SARS among critical care nurses A case-control study on the risk factors of severe acute respiratory syndromes among health care workers Rapid awareness and transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hanoi French Hospital, Vietnam Risk factors for SARS infection within hospitals in Hanoi, Vietnam Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban Risk factors for SARS transmission from patients requiring intubation: a multicentre investigation in Toronto Effectiveness of precautions against droplets and contact in prevention of nosocomial transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Factors associated with transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome among health-care workers in Singapore Effectiveness of personal protective measures in prevention of nosocomial transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome Illness in intensive care staff after brief exposure to severe acute respiratory syndrome Association between 2019-nCoV transmission and N95 respirator use Risk factors for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection among healthcare personnel SARS transmission among hospital workers in Hong Kong Surgical mask vs N95 respirator for preventing influenza among health care workers: a randomized trial A cluster randomized clinical trial comparing fit-tested and non-fit-tested N95 respirators to medical masks to prevent respiratory virus infection in health care workers. key: cord-313345-zwe3tmq0 authors: Chou, Roger; Dana, Tracy; Jungbauer, Rebecca; Weeks, Chandler; McDonagh, Marian S. title: Update Alert: Masks for Prevention of Respiratory Virus Infections, Including SARS-CoV-2, in Health Care and Community Settings date: 2020-07-20 journal:


id: cord-284694-bk6bnox0
author: Wang, Changsong
date: 2020-05-12
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 560
sentence: 18
flesch: 35
cache: cache/cord-284694-bk6bnox0.txt
txt: txt/cord-284694-bk6bnox0.txt
title:
  Cytokine Levels in the Body Fluids of a Patient With COVID-19 and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Case Report

summary:
  Interleukin-6 blockers have been used to treat cytokine storm in patients with other causes of cytokine storm (3), and tocilizumab has been suggested for immunotherapy for severe patients with extensive lung lesions and elevated IL-6 levels (3). As a result, we wonder whether tocilizumab would have affected the IL-6 levels we observed and whether it might have improved this patient's disease course, especially because others have reported that as COVID-19 progresses to its middle and late stages, the expression of inflammatory cytokines is related to the severity of the disease (4).


id: cord-300474-r5gms09p
author: Mackey, Katherine
date: 2020-07-23
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 597
sentence: 18
flesch: 29
cache: cache/cord-300474-r5gms09p.txt
txt: txt/cord-300474-r5gms09p.txt
title:
  Update Alert 2: Risks and Impact of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors or Angiotensin-Receptor Blockers on SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Adults

summary:
  Heart A systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients on angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother Estimation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system (RAAS)-inhibitor effect on COVID-19 outcome: a meta-analysis Predictors of severe or lethal COVID-19, including angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin ii receptor blockers, in a sample of infected Italian citizens Clinical characteristics and disease progression in early-stage COVID-19 patients in South Korea Use of RAAS inhibitors and risk of clinical deterioration in COVID-19: results from an Italian cohort of 133 hypertensives Association of angiotensinconverting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker use with COVID-19 diagnosis and mortality Is the use of ACE inb/ARBs associated with higher in-hospital mortality in Covid-19 pneumonia patients?


id: cord-309633-1cd74xdl
author: Rogers, Julia H.
title: Characteristics of COVID-19 in Homeless Shelters: A Community-Based Surveillance Study
date: 2020-09-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4020
sentence: 186
flesch: 48
cache: cache/cord-309633-1cd74xdl.txt
txt: txt/cord-309633-1cd74xdl.txt
summary:
  Homeless shelters are a high-risk setting for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission because of crowding and shared hygiene facilities. To investigate SARS-CoV-2 case counts across several adult and family homeless shelters in a major metropolitan area.


id: cord-339459-z22a5yzo
author: Mackey, Katherine
date: 2020-05-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4138
sentence: 142
flesch: 36
cache: cache/cord-339459-z22a5yzo.txt
txt: txt/cord-339459-z22a5yzo.txt
title:
  Risks and Impact of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors or Angiotensin-Receptor Blockers on SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Adults: A Living Systematic Review

summary:
  JAMA Cardiol Anti-hypertensive angiotensin II receptor blockers associated to mitigation of disease severity in elderly COVID-19 patients Renin-angiotensinaldosterone system blockers and the risk of covid-19 Cardiovascular disease, drug therapy, and mortality in covid-19 Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors improve the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients with hypertension Covid-19 testing, hospital admission, and intensive care among 2,026,227 United States veterans aged 54-75 years Renin-angiotensinaldosterone system inhibitors and risk of covid-19 Characteristics and outcomes of a cohort of SARS-CoV-2 patients in the province of Reggio Emilia Angiotensin II receptor blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors usage is associated with improved inflammatory status and clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients with hypertension Hypertension in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a single-center retrospective observational study Association of inpatient use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers with mortality among patients with hypertension hospitalized with COVID-19 COVID-19) Observational studies and trials in adults that examined associations and effects of ACEIs or ARBs on risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease severity and mortality.


id: cord-294369-e3jyihvm
author: del Amo, Julia
date: 2020-06-26
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3335
sentence: 128
flesch: 38
cache: cache/cord-294369-e3jyihvm.txt
txt: txt/cord-294369-e3jyihvm.txt
title:
  Incidence and Severity of COVID-19 in HIV-Positive Persons Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy: A Cohort Study

summary:
  Preprint posted online 13 High-dimensional immune profiling by mass cytometry revealed immunosuppression and dysfunction of immunity in COVID-19 patients and the Northwell COVID-19 Research Consortium. Despite the higher mortality due to COVID-19 reported among some persons with immunosuppression (8) , HIV infection was not identified as an important comorbid condition in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in New York City (9) or Madrid (10) .


id: cord-294628-ecg13s7a
author: Chia, Ming Li
title: Managing COVID-19 in a Novel, Rapidly Deployable Community Isolation Quarantine Facility
date: 2020-09-17
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3681
sentence: 176
flesch: 49
cache: cache/cord-294628-ecg13s7a.txt
txt: txt/cord-294628-ecg13s7a.txt
summary:
  Patients who needed further investigations or were acutely ill were transferred to a general hospital via an ambulance dedicated to patients with COVID-19. This article shares the authors' experience in operating these massive-scale isolation facilities while prioritizing safety for all and ensuring holistic patient care in the face of a public health crisis and lean health care resources.


id: cord-270970-9gtnsyts
author: Wolf, Michael S.
date: 2020-04-09
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4497
sentence: 165
flesch: 45
cache: cache/cord-270970-9gtnsyts.txt
txt: txt/cord-270970-9gtnsyts.txt
title:
  Awareness, Attitudes, and Actions Related to COVID-19 Among Adults With Chronic Conditions at the Onset of the U.S. Outbreak: A Cross-sectional Survey

summary:
  Health literacy has emerged over the past 3 decades as one of the strongest psychosocial determinants of health, and it has also been shown to explain a range of health disparities by age, race/ ethnicity, and socioeconomic status (6) . We focused on the role of health literacy and other psychosocial health determinants in understanding risks for COVID-19 and the initiation of preventive behaviors. health services, are sponsored by the National Institutes of Health, and are taking place among 7 primary care sites (5 academic internal medicine clinics and 2 federally qualified health centers) across the greater Chicago area ( Table 1) .


id: cord-267124-8efdzlc0
author: Wichmann, Dominic
title: Autopsy Findings and Venous Thromboembolism in Patients With COVID-19: A Prospective Cohort Study
date: 2020-05-06
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4071
sentence: 184
flesch: 45
cache: cache/cord-267124-8efdzlc0.txt
txt: txt/cord-267124-8efdzlc0.txt
summary:
  retrospective study Multiple roles of the coagulation protease cascade during virus infection Diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of thromboembolic complications in COVID-19: report of the National Institute for Public Health of the Netherlands Coagulation disorders in coronavirus infected patients: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV and lessons from the past SARS-CoV-2 and viral sepsis: observations and hypotheses German recommendations for critically ill patients with COVID-19 The stimulation of thrombosis by hypoxia Histopathologic changes and SARS-CoV-2 immunostaining in the lung of a patient with COVID-19 Pulmonary pathology of early-phase 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia in two patients with lung cancer Effectiveness of convalescent plasma therapy in severe COVID-19 patients The characteristics of 50 hospitalized COVID-19 patients with and without ARDS Organ distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in SARS patients: implications for pathogenesis and virus transmission pathways Anticoagulant treatment is associated with decreased mortality in severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients with coagulopathy COVID-19 and thrombotic or thromboembolic disease: implications for prevention, antithrombotic therapy, and follow-up Current Author Addresses Dr. Becker: Department of Pulmonology and Internal Intensive Care, Asklepios Hospital Barmbek Dr. de Weerth: Department of Internal Medicine, Agaplesion Diakonie Hospital Author Contributions: Conception and design: D Provision of study materials or patients Standard weights for men and women (adopted from Molina and DiMaio [13, 14]), respectively, are as follows (the dependence of standard organ weights on body weight was not considered here): brain, 1401 g and 1233 g; heart, 331 g and 245 g; lung (right), 445 g and 340 g; lung (left), 395 g and 299 g; liver, 1561 g and 1288 g; kidney (right), 129 g and 108 g Figure 1 . To our knowledge, only 3 case reports have been published about COVID-19 patients who have undergone complete autopsy (7, 8) .


id: cord-289763-jek2pd31
author: Fisher, Kimberly A.
title: Attitudes Toward a Potential SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine: A Survey of U.S. Adults
date: 2020-09-04
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4711
sentence: 187
flesch: 40
cache: cache/cord-289763-jek2pd31.txt
txt: txt/cord-289763-jek2pd31.txt
summary:
  Evidence that these characteristics are predictive of vaccine hesitancy could be useful in targeting vaccine messaging and outreach to populations at risk for not being vaccinated. Our findings suggest that a multipronged approach may be needed in which trusted physicians promote vaccine uptake against a backdrop of innovative approaches and channels to combat vaccine misinformation, consistent with the body of literature of strategies to address vaccine hesitancy (39).


id: cord-275946-ofd2ipvs
author: Cheng, Matthew P.
title: Serodiagnostics for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome–Related Coronavirus-2: A Narrative Review
date: 2020-06-04
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5287
sentence: 182
flesch: 27
cache: cache/cord-275946-ofd2ipvs.txt
txt: txt/cord-275946-ofd2ipvs.txt
summary:
  The time course of the immune response to experimental coronavirus infection of man The convalescent sera option for containing COVID-19 Use of convalescent plasma therapy in SARS patients in Hong Kong The feasibility of convalescent plasma therapy in severe COVID-19 patients: a pilot study Effectiveness of convalescent plasma therapy in severe COVID-19 patients Testing an old therapy against a new disease: convalescent plasma for COVID-19 Deployment of convalescent plasma for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 Anti-influenza immune plasma for the treatment of patients with severe influenza A: a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial Anti-influenza hyperimmune intravenous immunoglobulin for adults with influenza A or B infection (FLU-IVIG): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial Subunit vaccines against emerging pathogenic human coronaviruses SARS CoV subunit vaccine: antibody-mediated neutralisation and enhancement Anti-spike IgG causes severe acute lung injury by skewing macrophage responses during acute SARS-CoV infection Prospects for a MERS-CoV spike vaccine A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin Current status of epidemiology, diagnosis, therapeutics, and vaccines for novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Analysis and interpretation of the data Drafting of the article Administrative, technical, or logistic support: C. Caya. The figure shows a decision tree for interpreting antibody test results by symptomatology (symptomatic, postsymptomatic, asymptomatic or subclinical) and whether the patient is a suspected case.


id: cord-276428-oy8e2cpx
author: Krishnan, Lakshmi
date: 2020-06-05
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5438
sentence: 216
flesch: 37
cache: cache/cord-276428-oy8e2cpx.txt
txt: txt/cord-276428-oy8e2cpx.txt
title:
  Historical Insights on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), the 1918 Influenza Pandemic, and Racial Disparities: Illuminating a Path Forward

summary:
  Unfortunately, this comes as no surprise to health equity researchers and historians of medicine and public health. However, those cities often greeted them with prejudice, stigma, segregationist policies, and violence, allegedly aimed at improving public health.


id: cord-309513-dleo9rpl
author: Zhang, Huilan
title: Histopathologic Changes and SARS–CoV-2 Immunostaining in the Lung of a Patient With COVID-19
date: 2020-03-12
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 612
sentence: 27
flesch: 43
cache: cache/cord-309513-dleo9rpl.txt
txt: txt/cord-309513-dleo9rpl.txt
summary:
  A. Histopathologic examination revealing diffuse alveolar damage, organizing phase (A-1); denudation of alveolar lining cells (arrow 1), with presence of reactive type II pneumocyte hyperplasia (arrow 2) (A-2); intra-alveolar fibrinous exudates (arrow 3) and interstitial loose fibrosis with chronic inflammatory infiltrates (arrow 4) (A-3); and intra-alveolar loose fibrous plugs (arrow 5) (A-4). Denuded alveolar lining cells ( Figure 2 , A-1, arrow 1), with reactive type II pneumocyte hyperplasia, were noted ( Figure 2 , A-1, arrow 2).


id: cord-313423-g50oh15t
author: Lynch, Holly Fernandez
date: 2020-11-03
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1148
sentence: 43
flesch: 37
cache: cache/cord-313423-g50oh15t.txt
txt: txt/cord-313423-g50oh15t.txt
title:
  Emergency Approvals for COVID-19: Evolving Impact on Obligations to Patients in Clinical Care and Research

summary:
  A central question for institutions and clinicians is whether their obligations to patients require them to offer EUA products. Limiting access to EUA products exclusively to patients in trials may be justified on 2 grounds: first, uncertainty about whether the product's benefit-risk balance is truly favorable, and second, a desire to minimize recruitment problems stemming from nontrial access.


id: cord-290070-534936lf
author: Bornstein, Sue S.
title: The Collision of COVID-19 and the U.S. Health System
date: 2020-06-02
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1333
sentence: 47
flesch: 44
cache: cache/cord-290070-534936lf.txt
txt: txt/cord-290070-534936lf.txt
summary:
  In this article, leaders from the American College of Physicians (ACP) discuss key recommendations from ACP's vision for U.S. health care that can advise how we can act now during the COVID-19 pandemic and in the future in service to patients, our peers, and the profession. The continued trajectory of increasing per capita spending on U.S. health care threatens the stability of our current system when we can least afford it.


id: cord-318876-m1v0ij84
author: Spagnolo, Primavera A.
title: Sex and Gender Differences in Health: What the COVID-19 Pandemic Can Teach Us
date: 2020-05-08
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1247
sentence: 41
flesch: 31
cache: cache/cord-318876-m1v0ij84.txt
txt: txt/cord-318876-m1v0ij84.txt
summary:
  Sex-related biological data may also be critical to investigate the contribution of sex hormones to sex differences in inflammatory response. Sex differences in disease progression may also be linked to estrogen-induced decreased expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (5), which acts as a functional receptor for SARS-CoV-2 (the virus causing COVID-19) to enter host target cells.


id: cord-280672-6x968dwk
author: Fisman, David N.
title: Age Is Just a Number: A Critically Important Number for COVID-19 Case Fatality
date: 2020-07-22
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1329
sentence: 53
flesch: 38
cache: cache/cord-280672-6x968dwk.txt
txt: txt/cord-280672-6x968dwk.txt
summary:
  Direct standardization by age requires estimation of age-specific risk from different populations, which are then applied to a standard population, such that resultant differences in overall risk cannot be due to differences in population age structure. In their analysis, the authors show that adjusting for differences in population age structure substantially reduces the observed differences between country-specific CFRs.


id: cord-323054-m8hkj1dm
author: Schwartz, Rachel
title: Addressing Postpandemic Clinician Mental Health: A Narrative Review and Conceptual Framework
date: 2020-08-21
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4846
sentence: 170
flesch: 30
cache: cache/cord-323054-m8hkj1dm.txt
txt: txt/cord-323054-m8hkj1dm.txt
summary:
  Tools for routine assessment of mental health status, such as Zung's self-rating depression scale and self-rating anxiety scale for self-monitoring (55-57); training health care workers to identify physical, behav-ioral, emotional, and cognitive indices of distress in themselves and colleagues; and regular visits from mental health clinicians to assess the well-being of frontline providers are needed (18, 31, 58) . This support should target resilience and stress reduction training, ensure that clinicians' basic needs are met, provide routine opportunities for social connection, and proactively normalize and deliver mental health care to clinicians.


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sid: 165
eid: 1
type: ORG
entity:
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