ANNALES KINESIOLOGIAE • 13 • 2022 • 2 185 REPORTS AND REVIEWS/POROČILA IN OCENE, 185–195 NEUROSCIENCE OF MOVEMENT TwinBrain Summer School 2.0, Piran, Slovenia 4-9 July 2022 In our daily lives, we do many things automatically. And although we often seem to respond without the slightest mental effort, there are a multitude of complex proces- ses going on in our brains. We only realize how difficult a task is when we (re)learn a certain cognitive-motor task, such as keeping our balance on skis or while surfing, or even when grasping a spoon after a stroke. On the other hand, we know of several progressive neurodegenerative diseases that prevent the smooth performance of eve- ryday tasks. James Parkinson recognized that progressive Parkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with debilitating features including postural instability and gait difficulties (PIGD), such as falls and freezing of gait. PD initially causes physical symptoms but later, problems with cognitive function, including forgetfulness and difficulty concen- trating, may occur. As the disease worsens over time, many people develop dementia. Studying the dynamics of the brain during the most routine movements, such as walking, balancing or learning new motor-cognitive tasks, remains a major challenge for neuroscience. For the TwinBrain Summer School 2.0, we have invited an interna- tional team of experts to report on the latest discoveries in the field of neuroscience on movement topics and to provide insight into how brain imaging technology can contri- 186 REPORTS AND REVIEWS/POROČILA IN OCENE, 185–195 ANNALES KINESIOLOGIAE • 13 • 2022 • 2 bute to the understanding of brain function and disease development. Recent advances in wireless and portable technologies allow us to take experimentation a step further into real life or situations that reflect everyday experiences. Therefore, the latest de- velopments in Mobile Brain/Body Imaging (MoBI) were presented by internationally recognized experts from Slovenia, Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and the USA. The TwinBrain Summer School 2.0 was held on July 4-9, 2022, in Piran, Slovenia. The next Summer School 3.0 is scheduled for June 19-24, 2023, again in Piran, Slovenia. Uroš Marušič ANNALES KINESIOLOGIAE • 13 • 2022 • 2 187 REPORTS AND REVIEWS/POROČILA IN OCENE, 185–195 NEVROZNANOST GIBANJA Poletna šola TwinBrain 2.0, Piran, Slovenija, 4. –9. julij 2022 V vsakdanjem življenju veliko stvari počnemo samodejno. In čeprav se pogosto zdi, da se odzovemo brez najmanjšega miselnega napora, v naših možganih potekajo številni kompleksni procesi. Kako težka je ta naloga, se zavemo šele, ko se (ponovno) naučimo določene kognitivno-motorične naloge, kot je ohranjanje ravnotežja na smu- čeh ali med deskanjem ali celo prijemanje žlice po možganski kapi. Hkrati poznamo več nevrodegenerativnih bolezni, ki napredujejo in onemogočajo nemoteno opravljanje vsakodnevnih opravil. Že James Parkinson je poročal, da je progresivna Parkinsonova bolezen (PD) povezana z izčrpavajočimi značilnostmi, kot so posturalna nestabilnost in težave pri hoji (PIGD) ter tudi padci in zamrznitev hoje. PD na začetku povzroči telesne simptome. Pozneje se lahko pojavijo tudi težave s kognitivnimi funkcijami, vključno s pozabljivostjo in nezmožnostjo koncentracije. Ko se bolezen sčasoma poslabša, veliko ljudi razvije demenco. Proučevanje dinamike možganov med večino rutinskih gibov, kot so hoja, ravno- težje ali učenje novih motorično-kognitivnih nalog, ostaja velik izziv za nevroznanost. Na poletno šolo TwinBrain 2.0 smo povabili mednarodno ekipo strokovnjakov, da bi 188 REPORTS AND REVIEWS/POROČILA IN OCENE, 185–195 ANNALES KINESIOLOGIAE • 13 • 2022 • 2 poročali o najnovejših odkritjih na področju nevroznanosti gibanja in zagotovili vpo- gled v to, kako lahko tehnologija slikanja možganov prispeva k razumevanju delovanja teh in razvoja bolezni. Novejši napredek na področju brezžičnih in prenosljivih tehno- logij nam omogoča, da gremo korak naprej pri eksperimentiranju in sicer v resnično življenje oz. okoliščine, ki odsevajo vsakodnevne izkušnje. Zato so najnovejše dosež- ke na področju Mobile Brain/Body Imaging (MoBI) predstavili mednarodno priznani strokovnjaki iz Slovenije, Nemčije, Švice, Italije, Belgije, Češke, Hrvaške, Bosne in Hercegovine in ZDA. Poletna šola TwinBrain 2.0 je potekala od 4. do 9. julija 2022 v Piranu. Naslednja Poletna šola 3.0 bo predvidoma organizirana od 19. do 24. junija 2023, ponovno v Piranu. Uroš Marušič _Hlk122510532 _Hlk121925715 _Hlk121925783 _Hlk117671776 _Hlk117676890 _Hlk117676830 _Hlk122521710 _Hlk123029474 _Hlk51764713 _Hlk51617947 _Hlk51764685 _Hlk51616945 _Hlk51676200 _Hlk51710755 _Hlk124939594 _Hlk124939408 _Hlk125008249 _Hlk125008423 _Hlk125010166 _Hlk124768186 _Hlk129167818 _Hlk129168885 _Hlk129939779 _Ref116207795