179 Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Naturae, 1: 179–189, 2016, ISSN 2543-8832 Ksenia Strzeżoń Department of Botany, Pedagogical University of Kraków, Podchorążych 2, 30-084 Kraków, Poland, ksenia1922@gmail.com Herbaceous flora of village Chocznia (southern Poland) with particular focus on medicinal plants �e chemistry development in the nineteenth century caused that herbal preparations were replaced by synthetic medicines (Sarwa, 2001). However, currently people began to appreciate the power of natural medicines again. Herbal preparations have a weak- er e�ect, which makes them safer. �e quantity of active ingredient in the capsule prepared in the laboratory is strictly determined. �e plants regulate themselves in terms of production of the amount of the active ingredient. �e revival of popularity of herb-derivative medicines is due to the fact that they cause fewer or none side ef- fects. Obviously one should not assume that any plant, in any amount will not cause side e�ects. Common sense and knowledge of herbs should be enough to ensure their safe use (Duke, 2011). In Poland, many medicinal plants are still coming from the natural environment. However, in some regions of the country, especially in the vicinity of the large urban areas, the anthropogenic impact and the state of environmental pollution make it im- possible to exploit medicinal plants. Hence, there is a constant need to �nd new areas where the concentration of medicinal species is relatively large and the state of the environment is favorable for the harvest. So far, in the vicinity of the village Chocznia (Małopolska Voivodeship) no �oristic exploration has been carried out. �erefore, the �oristic studies were undertaken with the aim to analyse herbaceous plants composi- tion, with particular emphasis on medicinal species. Chocznia (49°51’51” N, 19°26’39” E) is a village located in the western part of the Małopolska Voivodeship in Wadowice commune (Fig. 1). It is situated at the altitude of 300–380 m above sea level on the border of Wieliczka Foothills (Pogórze Wielickie) and the eastern part of Small Beskid (Beskid Mały) near Wadowice, Zawadka, Kaczy- na, Inwałd and Ponikiew (Siemionow, 1984; Zinkow, 2001). �e soils in this area are rather poor and shallow; pseudopodsolic and brown acid- ic soils are dominant. Chocznia is located in a temperate warm climate, where annual 180 K se ni a S tr ze żo ń rainfall ranges from 1000 to 1400 mm. �e strongest winds are from the west and north-west and in spring and autumn warm mountain winds are causing thaws or rain, characteristic for this area. By the Chocznia village two rivers �ow – Choczen- ka and Kanówka. Choczenka begins its �ow on the Gancarz mount (Góra Gancarz) slopes and �ows into the river Skawa from right tributary of the Vistula (Wisła). �e second river is the Kanówka with its source on the foothills under Bliźniaki (Siemion- ow, 1984; Zinkow, 2001). Chocznia area is mainly occupied by agriculture crops, to a lesser extent forests and forest land. In this area, as in the Small Beskid, dominant are spruce forests of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and �r (Abies alba Mill.) considered as contaminant species classi�ed to the Vaccinio–Abietenion Oberda. 1962. alliance. �ere can also be found small birch forests mainly in the admixture of pine forests Querco roboris–Pinetum (W. Mat. 1981) J. Mat. 1988. �e riverine riversides appear above the streams and rivers with alder (Alnus sp.) and willows (Salix sp.) in the tree stand. �ere are also preserved fragments of natural acid beech forest from the alliance Luzulo–Fagenion (Lohm. Ex R. Tx. 1954) Oberda. 1957 and fertile beech forests with the association Dentario glandulose–Fagetum W. Mat. 1964 ex Guzikowa et Kornaś 1969 (Siemionow, 1984; Szafer, Zarzycki, 1972). Fig. 1. Study area – distribution of research stands in the village of Chocznia 181 H erbaceous flora of village C hocznia (southern P oland) w ith particular focus on m edicinal plants Plants materials were collected in years 2014–2015. Collections were held starting from March 2014 until the end of the growing season and in the spring on the be- ginning of the growing season of 2015. In the area of the analysed village 10 research stands with di�erent habitat conditions were determined (Fig. 1). �e plants materials were collected several times during the season noting the phenology of species. �e most frequent two specimens of the species were collected. Plants were identi�ed both in the area and a�er drying in the laboratory using the available keys, atlases and guides (Broda, Mowszowicz, 2000; Macků, Krejča, 1989; Schönfelder, Schönfelder, 1997; Szafer et al., 1986). Nomenclature of species was given from the online Atlas of Polish vascular plants (http://www.atlas-roslin.pl/). �e herbarium is a documentation of the study and it is deposited in the Department of Botany at the Pedagogical Uni- versity of Kraków. �e available publications and atlases were used to determine which plants have medicinal properties and contain active substances (Broda, Mowszowicz, 2000; Ka- wałko, 1986; Krejča, Kresanek, 1983; Macků, Krejča, 1989; Nowiński, 1980; Ożarowski, Jaroniewski, 1987; Polakowska, 1982; Rausch, Lotz, 2006; Rumińska, 1983; Rumińska, Ożarowski, 1990; Sarwa, 2001; Schönfelder, Schönfelder, 1997; Senderski, 2007; Starý, Jirásek, 1976; Volåk, Stodola, 1987). Moreover, all recorded species are classi�ed based on their frequency scale in the analysed area. For this aim, the following frequency scale was accepted: rare species – from 1 to 3 stands, frequent species – from 4 to 6 stands, common species – 7 and more stands. Among the species recognised as com- mon and frequent are medicinal plants potentially suitable for harvesting from their natural state. A total of 99 plant species belonging to 37 families were found in the Chocznia village. Of all the taxons, 60 plants had medicinal properties (Appendix 1 – Tab. 1), which is 60.61% of all species observed. �e families most abundant in medicinal spe- cies are the following: Asteraceae (9 species), Lamiaceae (7 species), Rosaceae (5 spe- cies), Fabaceae and Brassicaceae (4 species), Plantaginaceae (3 species). Other families were represented by one or two species (Fig. 2). All medicinal plants from Chocznia stands belong to 27 families. �is is consistent with the described trends in �oristic literature, because these families are most strongly represented in the �ora of Poland (Szafer, Zarzycki, 1972; Szafer et al., 1986). Sun�ower family is the largest not only in the native �ora of Poland, but in the �ora of the whole world – includes as many as 25 000 species (Kochanowska, Nowak, 2003), whereas the deadnettle family is a res- ervoir of medicinal, spice and cosmetics species. �e plants belonging to this family are characterised by a high content of aromatic essential oils, which are widely used in herbal medicine, cosmetics and gastronomy. �eir properties are known and appreci- ated since ancient times (Broda, Mowszowicz, 2000; Nowiński, 1980; Rumińska, 1983; Sarwa, 2001). 182 K se ni a S tr ze żo ń On the studied area, among the medicinal plants the frequent status had 27 species and common status had 11 species. Potentially for the purpose of harvest of herbal medicine 38 of frequent and common species were suitable. Each area has a speci�c microclimate and the habitat conditions, which is re�ected in the composition and species richness of its �ora. Regularity is that the �oras of di�erent areas, more or less transformed, are dominated by rare species – generally common species are the least. Although common species occupy the largest surfaces, their amount in comparison to the total number of taxons on that area is relatively small (Szafer, Zarzycki, 1972). �is is also con�rmed in the �ora of the analysed village (Fig. 3, Appendix 1 –- Tab. 1). �e greatest diversity of medicinal plants were found on the 2, 7, 8 stands, which are generally characterised by high species diversity (Fig. 4). In all three cases, these are places characterised by a diversity of habitats. Hence, species with di�erent spectra of environmental requirements are present on these stands. However, a large number of medicinal taxons does not mean that these species are there in quantities suitable for harvest. Species diversity is generally connected with a greater mosaic of area and very o�en a lack of dominant species in plots. Dispersion of medicinal plants is not conducive to harvesting them from their natural habitats. �erefore, an important el- ement is the frequency of occurrence of medicinal species. �ey need to be character- ised by the appropriate concentration on stands so that their harvest is not associated with a lot of e�ort to �nd them in the area. Fig. 2. Comparison of the total number of species and the number of medicinal plants belonging to indi- vidual families; others – include the families represented by only one species 18 14 9 8 7 5 5 4 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 12 9 7 4 4 2 5 2 1 3 0 2 0 2 1 2 1 2 0 1 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 ot he rs A st er ac ea e La m ia ce ae B ra ss ic ac ea e Fa ba ce ae R an un cu la ce ae R os ac ea e B or ag in ac ea e C ar yo ph yl la ce ae Pl an ta gi na ce ae C am pa nu la ce ae C on va lla ri ac ea e Po ac ea e Pa pa ve ra ce ae V io la ce ae Pr im ul ac ea e G er an ia ce ae A po cy na ce ae R ub ia ce ae Sc ro ph ul ar ia ce ae N um be r of s pe ci es Plant families medicinal species all species 183 H erbaceous flora of village C hocznia (southern P oland) w ith particular focus on m edicinal plants �e results of the study showed that the possibilities of harvesting medicinal species in Chocznia and the surrounding area are satisfactory (Appendix 1 – Tab. 1, Fig. 3). On the analysed stands, among the therapeutic species commonly occur: Achillea millefoli- um, Aegopodium podagraria, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Cirsium rivulare, Lychnis �os-cu- culi, Plantago lanceolata, P. maior, Ranunculus acris, Rumex acetosa, Taraxacum o�c- inale, Urtica dioica. �e majority of these species are used in conventional medicine, but some of them were used so far mainly in folk medicine, e.g. Cirsium rivulare, Lych- nis �os-cuculi or Ranunculus acris. �ese plants are well known to local residents, but now very few people know about their medicinal properties. Currently, people are less interested in collecting herbs for their own needs, because it requires a certain exper- tise knowledge. Additionally, availability in sales of prepared herbs substrates are large and generally they are not too expensive (Duke, 2011; Ożarowski, Jaroniewski, 1987). However, in many Polish regions especially where there is relatively high unem- ployment due to the lack of large industrial plants, people engage in harvesting grow- ing wild herbs for sale. �e herbal substrate, well collected from the natural habitat, is better in terms of the content of the di�erent active substances than that grown in arti�cial conditions (Duke, 2011; Nowiński, 1980; Rumińska, 1983; Sarwa, 2001; Skarżyński, 1994). �erefore, throughout Poland there are companies involved in the purchase of herbal raw materials. Obviously, in companies buying herbal raw mate- rials it is necessary to specify the place where plants were harvested. In this context, Chocznia is an appropriate location for harvesting medicinal plants, both for industri- al and personal consumption, because it is located far away from big cities and indus- try. �e state of the environment here is relatively good and agriculture rather exten- sive in nature. �ese factors provide a high quality herbal raw materials from this area. Fig. 3. Comparison of frequency of occurrence of all species and medicinal species on the studied area 41 40 18 22 27 11 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 rare frequent common C at eg or y of o cc ur re nc e Number of species all species medicinal species 184 K se ni a S tr ze żo ń References Atlas of Polish vascular plants – Atlas roślin naczyniowych Polski. http://www.atlas-roslin.pl/ [In Polish] Broda, B., Mowszowicz, J. (2000). Przewodnik do oznaczania roślin leczniczych, trujących i użytkowych. Warszawa: Państwowe Zakłady Wydawnictw Lekarskich. [In Polish] Duke, J.A. (2011). Księga zdrowia. Ziołowa apteka domowa. Poznań: Publicat. [In Polish] Kawałko, J.M. (1986). Historie ziołowe. Lublin: Krajowa Agencja Wydawnicza. [In Polish] Kochanowska, J., Nowak, T. (2003). Pomoce dydaktyczne dla nauczycieli odwiedzających ogród botaniczny we Wrocławiu. Wrocław: U.T.R. Interior. [In Polish] Krejča, J., Kresanek, J. (1983). Rośliny lecznicze. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Sport i Turystyka. [In Polish] Macků, J., Krejča, J. (1989). Atlas roślin leczniczych. Wrocław: Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich. [In Polish] Nowiński, M. (1980). Dzieje upraw i roślin leczniczych. Warszawa: Państwowe Wydawnictwo Rolnicze i Leśne. [In Polish] Ożarowski, A., Jaroniewski, W. (1987). Rośliny lecznicze i ich praktyczne zastosowanie. Warszawa: Instytut Wydawniczy Związków Zawodowych. [In Polish] Polakowska, M. (1982). Leśne rośliny zielarskie. Warszawa: Państwowe Wydawnictwo Rolnicze i Leśne. [In Polish] Rausch, A., Lotz, B. (2006). Zioła. Leksykon. Warszawa: Elipsa. [In Polish] Rumińska, A. (1983). Rośliny lecznicze: podstawy biologii i agrotechniki. Warszawa: Państwowe Wy- dawnictwo Naukowe. [In Polish] Rumińska, A., Ożarowski, A. (1990). Leksykon roślin leczniczych. Warszawa: Państwowe Wydawnictwo Rolnicze i Leśne. [In Polish] Sarwa, A.J. (2001). Wielki leksykon roślin leczniczych. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Książka i Wiedza. [In Polish] Schönfelder, I., Schönfelder, P. (1997). Rośliny lecznicze – rozpoznawanie, zbiór, stosowanie. Warszawa: Multico. [In Polish] Fig. 4. Comparison of the participation of all taxons and medicinal species on distinguished research stands 40 45 25 39 42 34 51 52 40 41 26 29 19 28 24 16 29 33 26 23 0 20 40 60 80 100 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 N um be r of s pe ci es Stands total number of species on stand number of medicinal species on stand 185 H erbaceous flora of village C hocznia (southern P oland) w ith particular focus on m edicinal plants Senderski, M. (2007). Prawie wszystko o ziołach. Podkowa Leśna: Wydawnictwo Senderski M. [In Polish] Siemionow, A. (1984). Ziemia Wadowicka. Kraków: Anczyca. [In Polish] Skarżyński, A. (1994). Zioła czynią cuda. Warszawa: Comes. [In Polish] Skowron, C., Ruła, M., Targosz, E. (2006). Wadowice koło Choczni. Wadowice: Gra�kon. [In Polish] Starý, F., Jirásek, V. (1976). Rośliny lecznicze. Warszawa: Państwowe Wydawnictwo Rolnicze i Leśne. [In Polish] Szafer, W., Kulczyński, S., Pawłowski, B. (1986). Rośliny Polskie. Opisy i klucze do oznaczania wszyst- kich gatunków roślin naczyniowych rosnących w Polsce bądź dziko, bądź też zdziczałych lub częściej hodowanych. Warszawa: Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe. [In Polish] Szafer, W., Zarzycki, K. (1972). Szata roślinna Polski. Warszawa: Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe. [In Polish] Volåk, J., Stodola, J. (1987). Rośliny lecznicze. Warszawa: Państwowe Wydawnictwo Rolnicze i Leśne. [In Polish] Zinkow, J. (2001). Wadowice i okolice: monogra�czny przewodnik turystyczny i krajoznawczy po zachod- niej części Pogórza Wielickiego oraz po wschodnich częściach Pogórza Śląskiego, Kotliny Oświęcimskiej i Beskidu Małego. Wadowice: Wydawnictwo Gra�kon. [In Polish] 186 K se ni a S tr ze żo ń Appendix 1 Tab. 1. List of herbaceous species found on the study area; category of frequency on study area: R – rare species, F – frequent species, C – common species; 1–10 – numbers of stands according to �gure 1, M – medicinal species No. Name of species Plant families Stands Frequency category Medical status 1. Achillea millefolium L. Asteraceae 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10 C M 2. Aegopodium podagraria L. Apiaceae 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 C M 3. Agrimonia eupatoria L. Rosaceae 2, 5, 6, 7, 9 F M 4. Ajuga reptans L. Lamiaceae 1, 4, 5, 7, 10 F – 5. Alliaria petiolata (M. Bieb.) Cavara et Grande Brassicaceae 6, 8, 9, 10 F M 6. Allium ursinum L. Alliaceae 7 R M 7. Anemone nemorosa L. Ranunculaceae 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 C – 8. Arabidopsis thaliana L. Brassicaceae 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 C – 9. Asarum europaeum L. Aristolochiaceae 6, 7, 8, 9 F M 10. Bellis perinnis L. Asteraceae 2, 4, 8, 10 F M 11. Calendula o�cinalis L. Asteraceae 1 R M 12. Caltha palustris L. Ranunculaceae 2, 5, 7, 8, 9 F – 13. Campanula patula L. Campanulaceae 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10 C – 14. C. rapunculoides L. Campanulaceae 6, 10 R – 15. C. trachelium L. Campanulaceae 6, 10 R – 16. Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. Brassicaceae 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8 C M 17. Cardamine amara L. Brassicaceae 8, 9, 10 R – 18. C. pratensis L. Brassicaceae 2, 4, 5, 7, 10 F M 19. Centurea cyanus L. Asteraceae 2, 3, 4, 5, 8 F M 20. Cerastium holosteoides Fr. em. Hyl. Caryophyllaceae 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 C – 21. Chamomilla recutita (L.) Rauschert Asteraceae 1, 3, 4 R M 22. Chamomilla suaveolens (Pursh) Rydb. Asteraceae 1, 3, 4, 6 F M 23. Chelidonium majus L. Papaveraceae 1, 10 R M 24. Cichorium intybus L. Asteraceae 1, 3, 4 R M 25. Cirsium rivulare (Jacq.) All. Asteraceae 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 C M 26. Convallaria majalis L. Convallariaceae 7, 8, 9, 10 F M 27. Coronilla varia L. Fabaceae 1, 4, 7, 8 F M 28. Dactylis glomerata L. Poaceae 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 C – 29. Dentaria glandulosa Waldst. et Kitt. Brassicaceae 5, 6, 7 R – 30. Echium vulgare L. Boraginaceae 1, 3, 4 R M 31. Equitesum arvense L. Equisetaceae 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 F M 187 H erbaceous flora of village C hocznia (southern P oland) w ith particular focus on m edicinal plants 32. Euphorbia cyparissias L. Euphorbiaceae 3, 4, 5, 7 F M 33. Ficaria verna Huds. Ranunculaceae 2, 5, 7, 8, 9 F M 34. Galathus nivalis L. Amaryllidaceae 7, 10 R – 35. Fragaria vesca L. Rosaceae 2, 6, 10 R M 36. Galeobdolon luteum Huds. Lamiaceae 2, 6, 8, 10 F – 37. Galium aparine L. Rubiaceae 4, 5, 7, 8, 9 F – 38. G. mollugo L. Rubiaceae 6, 7, 10 R – 39. Geranium robertianum L. Geraniaceae 7, 9 R M 40. G. phaeum L. Geraniaceae 7, 10 R – 41. Geum rivale L. Rosaceae 1, 8 R M 42. Glechoma hederacea L. Lamiaceae 2, 3, 4, 10 F M 43. Hesperis matronalis L. Brassicaceae 1, 2 R – 44. Hieracium murorum L. Asteraceae 5, 6, 7, 10 F – 45. Humulus lupulus L. Cannabaceae 4, 9 R M 46. Hypericum perforatum L. Hypericaceae 1, 3, 4, 10 F M 47. Iris pseudacorus L. Iridaceae 1 R – 48. Lamium album L. Lamiaceae 2, 7, 9, 10 F M 49. Lathyrus pratensis L. Fabaceae 2, 8 R – 50. Leucathemum vulgare Lamm. Asteraceae 3, 4, 7, 8 F – 51. Luzula campestris (L.) DC Juncaceae 1, 2, 4, 7, 10 F – 52. Lychnis �os-cuculi L. Caryophyllaceae 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10 C M 53. Lysimachia vulgaris L. Primulaceae 2, 6, 8, 9 F M 54. Lythrum salicaria L. Lythraceae 1, 2 R M 55. Maianthemum bifolium (L.) F. W. Schmidt Convallariaceae 5, 6, 7, 10 F – 56. Medicago lupulina L. Fabaceae 1, 6, 8, 9 F – 57. Mentha longifolia (L.) L. Lamiaceae 1, 5, 8, 9 F M 58. Myosotis palustris (L.) L. em. Rchb. Boraginaceae 2, 7, 8, 9 F – 59. Ononis arvensis L. Lamiaceae 4 R M 60. Origanum vulgare L. Lamiaceae 4 R M 61. Oxalis acetosella L. Oxalidaceae 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 F M 62. Papaver rhoeas L. Papaveraceae 2, 3, 4, 8 F M 63. Petasites albus L. Asteraceae 6, 8 R – 64. Phalaris arundinacea L. Poaceae 1 R – 65. Plantago lanceolata L. Plantaginaceae 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10 C M 66. P. maior L. Plantaginaceae 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10 C M 67. P. media L. Plantaginaceae 7, 8 R M 68. Platanthera bifolia (L.) Rich. Orchidaceae 9 R – 69. Poa pratensis L. Poaceae 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 C – 70. Polygonatum multi�orum (L.) All. Convallariaceae 1, 5, 10 R M 71. Potentilla anserina L. Rosaceae 1, 2, 7, 8, 9 F M 72. P. erecta (L.) Raeusch. Rosaceae 8, 9 R M 188 K se ni a S tr ze żo ń 73. Primula elatior (L.) Hill Primulaceae 2, 5, 8, 9, 10 F M 74. Prunella vulgaris L. Lamiaceae 2, 5, 6, 8 F M 75. Ranunculus acris L. Ranunculaceae 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10 C M 76. R. bulbosus L. Ranunculaceae 2, 7, 8 R – 77. Rudbeckia laciniata L. Asteraceae 1 R – 78. Rumex acetosa L. Polygonaceae 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 C M 79. Salvia pratensis L. Lamiaceae 1 R M 80. Senecio jacobaea L. Asteraceae 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10 F – 81. Symphytum o�cinale L. Boraginaceae 8, 9 R M 82. S. tuberosum L. Boraginaceae 5, 6, 10 R – 83. Taraxacum o�cinale F.H. Wigg Asteraceae 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 C M 84. �laspi arvense L. Brassicaceae 3, 4, 5, 8 F M 85. �ymus serphyllum L. Lamiaceae 1 R M 86. Trifolium pratense L. Fabaceae 2, 7, 8, 10 F M 87. T. repens L. Fabaceae 2, 7, 8, 9, 10 F M 88. Typha latifolia L. Typhaceae 1 R – 89. Urtica dioica L. Urticaceae 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 C M 90. Vaccinium myrtillus L. Ericaceae 6, 7, 9 R M 91. Valeriana simplicifolia (Rchb.) Kabath Valerianaceae 2, 9 R – 92. Veronica chamaedrys L. Scrophulariace-ae 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 C – 93. V. o�cinalis L. Scrophulariace-ae 2, 5, 6, 7 F M 94. Vicia sepium L. Fabaceae 2, 5, 7, 8, 9 F – 95. Vinca minor L. Apocynaceae 9 R M 96. Vincetoxinum hirudinaria Medik. Apocynaceae 1, 2, 5, 10 F M 97. Viola arvensis Murray. Violaceae 2, 3, 8 R M 98. V. reichenbachiana Boreau Violaceae 2, 5, 6, 8 F – 99. Viscaria vulgaris Rohl. Caryophyllaceae 1, 5, 8 R – 189 H erbaceous flora of village C hocznia (southern P oland) w ith particular focus on m edicinal plants Flora zielna miejscowości Chocznia (południowa Polska), ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem roślin leczniczych Streszczenie W Polsce większość roślin leczniczych nadal pozyskuje się z naturalnych siedlisk. Jednak w niektórych re- gionach, zwłaszcza w okolicach dużych miast, antropogeniczne oddziaływania i zanieczyszczenia powodu- ją, że zbiory tych roślin są niemożliwe. Dlatego bardzo ważne jest, aby szukać miejsc, w których koncentra- cja roślin leczniczych będzie wystarczająca do pozyskiwania. Celem niniejszej pracy było zbadanie składu �ory zielnej w obrębie wsi Chocznia (województwo małopolskie, Polska południowa), ze szczególnym zwróceniem uwagi na gatunki lecznicze. W różnych warunkach siedliskowych wyznaczono na badanym obszarze 10 stanowisk, z których zbierano materiał roślinny. Zbiory wykonano w okresach wegetacyjnych w 2014 i 2015 roku. Materiały zbierano kilka razy w ciągu sezonu, zwracając uwagę na fenologię gatunków. Dokumentacją badań był zielnik, zdeponowany na Uniwersytecie Pedagogicznym w Krakowie w Zakładzie Botaniki. Analiza �orystyczna stanowisk wykazała łącznie 99 gatunków roślin zielnych z 37 rodzin. Ponad połowa z nich (60 gatunków) posiadała właściwości lecznicze. Najwięcej gatunków leczniczych reprezento- wało rodziny: Asteraceae (9 gatunków), Lamiaceae (7 gatunków), Rosaceae (5 gatunków), Fabaceae i Bras- sicaceae (po 4 gatunki), Plantaginaceae (3 gatunki). Wśród roślin leczniczych, gatunków częstych w skali terenu stwierdzono 27, a pospolitych 11. Potencjalnie do zbioru na potrzeby ziołolecznictwa nadaje się tu łącznie 38 gatunków. Badane stanowiska położone są z dala od strefy zanieczyszczeń, dużych miast i auto- strad. Stąd miejscowość ta wydaje się być dobrym obszarem do zbierania surowców zielarskich na potrzeby przemysłu farmaceutycznego i na użytek własny. Key words: �ora, herbaceous, plant, medicinal plant, southern Poland Received: [2016.09.28] Accepted: [2016.10.17]