Layout 6 ANNALS of GEOPHYSICS Editor in Chief Edoardo Del Pezzo Associate Editors Paola Albini Salvatore Barba Francesca Bianco Alessandro Bonaccorso Mike Burton Fabio Cammarano Claudio Chiarabba Paola De Michelis Laura De Santis Roberto Devoti Giuseppe Etiope Fabio Florindo Giampiero Iaffaldano Jesús M. Ibáñez Godoy Salvatore Inguaggiato Riccardo Lanari Mario La Rocca Andrea Morelli Giovanni Muscari Yongxin Pan Stephen Pekar Massimo Pompilio Gideon Rosenbaum Martin Siegert Mare Yamamoto Editorial Office INGV, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Sezione di Bologna Via Donato Creti, 12 40128 Bologna, Italy tel.: +000 000 000 000; fax: +0 000 000 000 annals@ingv.it Web Site www.annalsofgeophysics.eu Author Guidelines Submission to AG is understood to imply that the manuscript is original, unpublished, and not under consideration for publication elsewhere. Manuscripts must be submitted through our online submission system: please read carefully the instructions on the web site. The system can accept Microsoft Word, Rich Text Format (.rtf ), plain text files, or pdf files. Mathematics can be prepared using Equation Editor, MathType or TEX. Formulas in TEX should be prepared in a text file with a clear indication of how they are cited in the text. The Editorial Office will translate the TEX into the appropriate Format for pubblication. Please note that a LATEX submission of the entire article is not possible yet. Figures can be uploaded as separate figure files in .tiff or .eps format. Authors must specify the type of material submitted: Article, Letter, Review, Dataset, Comment and Reply. Order of Material 1.Title page, including authors’ names, affiliations and complete address of corresponding author 2. Subject classification 3. Abstract, 250 words or less 4.Text of paper (Introduction, Body, Conclusions) 5.Data and sharing resources* 6.Acknowledgements 7.References 8.Tables 9. Figure Captions, presented as a double- spaced list separate from figures. 10.Figures 11.Appendixes. *Data and Sharing Resources: this section should be used to identify all data sources utilized in the paper, as an example, an earthquake catalog downloadable by net, a free software utilized. If the authors of an article want to share the data utilized, they can use the AG submission software to make the data downloadable. Please notice that for a submission of the kind "Data and experiment descriptions" the data sharing is mandatory. Supplements Online material supplementing all kind of articles are welcome. Examples of this kind of supplements are high-resolution graphical information, animations of time- sequenced observations or simulations, and three-dimensional data models. The supplements should be properly cited into the corresponding articles. General Style Guidelines Title: Choose as few words as possible to describe the contents of the paper adequately. If the title is longer than 40 characters, you must provide a shortened form of 40 characters or fewer to appear as a running head above the pages of the published paper and on the cover label. Text of paper: Use American English spelling. Define all technical terms, symbols, acronyms, and abbreviations. Cite all figures and tables in numerical order. Define all abbreviations and acronyms once at beginning. If your first language is not English, ask for a help with the grammar, as a paper whose meaning is unclear may be refused. Anyway the Editorial Office can help in an English revision, to correct minor errors. Subject classif ication: in order to condense the main topic of the paper, five key-words must be chosen from the list you can download here. Units: Except where common practice indicates otherwise, units should follow the Système Internationale (SI). Mathematics and symbols: Write complicated exponentials in the form exp( ), avoid subscripts or superscripts on subscripts and superscripts, and, in general, minimize unusual or expensive typographical requirements. Place equation numbers in parentheses to the right of the equations. Use italic type for variables and bold for vectors and matrices. Data and sharing resources: In this section all data sources that are not taken from published works, referenced in the References list, should be indicated. An example of data from a published work would be an earthquake catalog listed in a table or electronic supplement of a published paper. If an online database is used, then it should be included here. If there is a published work describing the database, then that work can be included in the References. However, online databases should not be included in the References. After indicating the data source the link to the corresponding web or FTP site should be explicit, as in the following examples: - Seismograms used in this study were collected as part of the Central Kansas Lithospheric Experiment using PASSCAL instruments. Data can be obtained from the IRIS Data Management Center at www.iris.edu (last accessed August 2003). - Seismograms used in this study were taken from the data base of INGV, Centro Nazionale Terremoti, and can be requested at this address: xxxxxx.com (Continues on page II) [Vol. 53, n. 1, February 2010] ANNALS of GEOPHYSICS - Plots were made using the Generic Mapping Tools version 4.2.1 (www.soest.hawaii.edu/gmt; Wessel and Smith 1998). - Seismograms used in this paper can be found upon request at XXXXXX YYYYYY, xxxxxx@kk.dd.de - Data of this experiment can be downloaded from the AG server, following the link: xxxxxxxxxxx.xxxxx.it References should be arranged alphabetically by author and should follow the style of examples below: - Hough, S. E. and S. Martin (2002). Magnitude estimates of two large aftershocks of the 16 December 1811 New Madrid earthquake, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., 92, 3259-3268. - Gutenberg, B. (1959). Physics of the Earth's Interior, Academic Press, New York, 111- 113. - Laster, S.J., M. M. Backus and R. Schell (1967). Analog mode studies of the simple refraction problem, in Seismic Refraction Propsecting Albert W. Musgrave (Editor), Society of Exploration Geophysics, Tulsa, Oklahoma, 15-66. Tables should be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals. Each table must have a title; column heads should be brief and should contain units of measurement in parentheses. Present each table on a separate page. When preparing tables, take into account the size of the journal page (Layout box: cm 25,7 x 18,6). Generally, the tables will be re-formatted in order to follow the journal style. But in some cases they will be reproduced as they are written. So, for particularly dense information, the authors are invited to produce their tables in pdf format, ready for reproduction. Figures: Submit figures as separate files, numbered sequentially and in the order of first reference in the text. Submit captions as a consecutively numbered list embedded in the text of the manuscript. Do not include captions on the figures themselves. Accepted file formats are Tiff and Eps, with a resolution as nearly as possible approximating to 300 dpi. Given that resolution, figure dimensions should be correlated to the image complexity and legibility, taking into account the following three options: base cm 9, base cm 19, base cm 26. II III Dear Readers and Contributors, the present volume of Annals of Geophysics is the first in the new, online-only format. The journal has been updated for both the Editorial Committee and the article types that can now be accepted. As well as the usual «Research Articles», the journal will now accept «Letters», «Review Articles» and «Data and Experiment Descriptions». This last category will include reports on important experiments or databases that will be useful for the geophysics community. Together with the descriptions of the experiments, the Authors will need to make the data from the experiments available. The journal will be active in providing assistance to conveners of important national and international meetings, for the publication of the papers presented in their meeting, and will publish special volumes on specific topics of broad interest to the scientific community. This present "first" volume is a historical volume. We have decided to celebrate this change into the modern online format by republishing a set of selected papers by Authors who, in different ways, in different contexts, and for different reasons, are considered today to have provided us with important "benchmarks" in the development of geophysics. All of these papers were published before 1977 on Annali di Geofisica, the former name of this same journal. Two of these papers are in Italian, with an English abstract. The Authors are very well known in Italy for their outstanding contributions to geophysics research, and they can be considered as excellent examples of geophysicists who have contributed to the transmitting of Italy's cultural heritage to the present generation of scientists. Edoardo Del Pezzo, Editor in Chief February 2010 Editorial