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Ann. psychophysiol. 
ISSN 2412-3188 (Online)|2410-1354 (Print) 

 
 
Original Article                                                                                  

Cultivate an attitude of gratitude among 
college students: Examining the positive 
effect of gratitude intervention on subjective 
well-being 
Aisha Rais Ahmed1 & Saima Masoom2  

1Muhammad Ali Jinnah University, Karachi-Pakistan.  
2University of Karachi, Karachi-Pakistan. 
 

Abstract  
Background: Positive psychological interventions (PPIs) is the premise that 
focuses on how people can learn contentment and move toward Subjective well-
being (SWB). One of the well-known Positive psychological intervention strategies 
is the gratitude intervention that challenges to evoke gratitude and helps produce 
positive feelings. The primary purpose of this study was to examine the 
implementation of 3 weeks gratitude meditation program and determine its effects 
on SWB (spell out) measures. Also, it was observed whether or not the Gratitude 
practice can improve the tendency to respond with a sense of gratitude itself. 
Methodology: This Quasi-Experimental study included 160 students from 2 
colleges in Karachi who were participating voluntarily in the gratitude meditation 
program, conducted by investigators. All study subjects gave written informed 
consent before proceeding further. The mean age of the study subjects was 15 to 
20 years. A total of 80 male and 80 female students participate in this study. The 
purposive non-probability sampling technique was used for recruiting the study 
sample. Data were obtained using a brief demographic sheet, followed by pre-and 
post-intervention measures, using the Gratitude Questionnaire-Six Item Form 
(GQ-6), the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), and Satisfaction with Life 
Scale (SWLS). Statistical analysis was conducted on SPSS version 22.0. Descriptive 
analysis technique and paired-sample t-test applied for within-group comparison. 
Results: The findings were highly significant with p< .001. The results showed a 
significant difference between the mean scores of pre-and Post-intervention 
conditions of SWB. Moreover, the participant's level of gratitude was increased by 
experimental manipulation. 
Conclusion: Cultivating gratitude significantly contributes to satisfaction and 
positive outcomes in life, suggesting that gratitude training could be proposed as 
a beneficial practice for increasing SWB. 
 

Keywords 
Positive Psychological Interventions, Gratitude Intervention, Subjective Well-

Being. 

 

Citation: Ahmed AR, Masoom S. 
Cultivate an attitude of gratitude among 
college students: examining the positive 
effect of gratitude intervention on 
subjective well-being. APP. 2021; 8(2): 96-
106 
 
Corresponding Author Email: 
ahmed.aesh@gmail.com 
 
DOI: 10.29052/2412-3188.v8.i2.2021.96-
106 
 
Received 02/09/2021 
 
Accepted 04/11/2021 
 
Published 01/12/2021 
 
Copyright © The Author(s). 2021 This  
 is an open-access article distributed 
under the terms of the Creative Commons 
Attribution 4.0 International License, 
which permits unrestricted use, 
distribution, and reproduction in any 
medium, provided the original author 
and source are credited.  
 

 

Funding: The author(s) received no 
specific funding for this work. 

Conflicts of Interests: The authors have 
declared that no competing interests 
exist. 
 

https://doi.org/10.29052/2412-3188.v8.i2.2021.
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4882-1644
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)


 
 

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Introduction 
As health is not considered the absence of 
disease, in the same way, gladness is also not 
the absence of misery. To balance both 
situations, contentment is needed to be 
taught that can lay the foundation of the 
welfare of human civilization1. In this 
endeavor, Positive psychology rings a bell in 
the world of the psyche. Moreover, they 
compelled psychologists to shift their mental 
health and well-being paradigm. Recently, 
psychologists started emphasizing the need 
to promote adolescents' well-being beyond 
the current focus on reducing the symptom 
since it is essential to mitigate pathology 
whose absence is not possible from mental 
health issues1.  
 
Well-being is a term that comes to mind 
when discussing positive mental health. In 
the past few decades, the explosion of 
research in well-being has turned the tide for 
a good many terms persistently occur in the 
literature and are used in several ways1. 
Typically, psychologists have two eminent 
traditions prevailing in the research field of 
well-being. The first one is eudemonic 
tradition, and the other practice is named 
hedonistic2. The perspective of eudaimonia 
stemmed from the Aristotelian philosophy. 
Its roots are also in humanistic psychology, 
which has been concerned with concepts 
allied with positive human functioning3. 
Therefore, the Hedonistic perspective that 
emphasizes contentment is defined as the 
presence of positive emotions or getting 
contentment and the absence of negative 
emotions or avoid discontentment. This 
states that all and only pleasure is 
intrinsically valuable, while all and only pain 
is intrinsically unwanted. Thus, the term 
"Hedonic" is linked with SWB. The 
phenomenon of Hedonic includes two 
components. The affective component is 
related to positive or pleasant effects and the 
absence of adverse effects. 

The other is the cognitive component based 
on satisfaction with life. Neugarten et al. 
investigated that 'Life Satisfaction is a 
successful aging component4. In contrast, 
Sumner stated that Life satisfaction is a 
positive appraisal of the conditions of life, 
and it measures up positivity against 
standards or expectations. Carruthers & 
Hood specified that a person experiences joy 
when both components are present5. 
Whereas Diener proposed that SWB is 
reflected when a person's life is worthwhile 
and successfully moving toward a desirable 
way6. It is considered subjective because one 
can evaluate oneself on the degree of one's 
experience and sense of wellness. SWB is 
perceived through personality filters with 
the cognitive and emotional judgment; it 
implies a positive self-appraisal5,6. The 
works on SWB have advanced speedily since 
the emergence of the field. Undeniably, 
continued work shows professionals' 
consideration of the factors influencing SWB, 
and research on this domain has been 
booming worldwide.  
 
At the current time, therapeutic intervention 
plays a crucial role in achieving SWB. 
Several researchers attempt to identify how 
to enhance and boost the level of SWB rather 
than what makes people distressing and 
unhappy. In this exertion, the utilization of 
the Positive Psychological Interventions 
(PPIs) may be considered as a 
complementary strategy for enhancing Well-
being. There are some significant groupings 
under which these meditations practice is 
divided that include: a) meaning, b) 
gentleness, c) empathy, d) gratitude, e) 
strengths, f), hope and g) savoring7. These 
classes are markedly beneficial, but the 
gratitude practice validates the significant 
effects. It has been considered the most 
effective and sensational technique of the 
PPIs8,9 and clinically applicable as well10. 
Furthermore, it challenged to evoke the 
feeling of gratitude and promotes SWB8,9. It 



 
 

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has been confirmed that gratitude is one of 
the influential character strengths, 
enhancing SWB in youth11 that is now 
getting attention in scientific research12,13.  
 
Gratitude has been theorized as an emotion, 
approach, amoral, a custom, a personality 
attribute, or a coping strategy. The word 
gratitude is derived from the Latin origin 
"gratia," which means "grace," 
"graciousness," or "gratefulness." All roots 
from this Latin source emphasize the 
principle of "have to do with humanity, 
kindness, contributions, the majesty of 
giving and receiving, or getting something 
for nothing"14. 
 
Whether the gratitude trait can be inculcated 
therapeutically in our society arises. 
Seligman et al. stated that assuredly, it can 
and comes under the considerable 
accomplishment of positive psychology 
advancement9. Furthermore, in clinical 
psychology, gratitude is considered a 
significant tactics10,15. Besides, it can induce 
PPIs to increase people's SWB. Sin & 
Lyubomirsky suggest that gratitude practice 
reproduces thoughtful healing methods 
intended to expand positive moods, 
perceptions, and behavior in an individual16. 
Hence, this therapeutic meditation promotes 
positivity in people that is considered a vital 
essence in life, whether in terms of attaining 
mental health or coping with the adverse 
events and moods they might experience17. 
 
Emmons & McCullough are considered the 
pioneer of this gratitude meditation program 
and are working toward the efficacy of 
gratitude meditations, including SWB and 
other aspects of human welfare as well18. 
Countless researches proposed that 
gratitude meditation can have long-term 
positive effects on a person's life. It is evident 
in the literature that gratitude interventions 
in adolescence may boost and maintain 
positive benefits and leads to more 

tremendous gratitude, life satisfaction18, 
positive affects12,19, and SWB9,20, conversely 
reducing the negative mood9,19. Another 
study challenged to evoke the feeling of 
gratitude for producing positive events or 
feelings in one's life and ultimately 
enhancing the level of SWB21. Likewise, 
Watkins et al. conducted an experiment that 
revealed that thankful thought is a mood 
booster and is associated with a different 
facet of well-being such as subjective, social, 
physical, and psychological19.  
 
At the same time, there is substantial 
agreement among investigators that the 
accurate scales of SWB22 can assess 
contentment and pleasure. The first is the 
Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) 
developed by Diener, Emmons, Larsen, & 
Griffin23 and can also be used to measure the 
cognitive side. In contrast, the affective facet 
of the second one is the Positive and 
Negative Affect Schedule24. These two 
frequently used measures are considered 
reliable and valid scales that can portray an 
individual SWB. Supplementary, SWLS 
gauges the cognitive factor of SWB, while 
PANAS assesses the emotional factors. 
 
Although the Gratitude technique is a 
research-based intervention18, the 
participants are regularly engaged in a task 
designed to cultivate a sense of gratefulness. 
Besides, these tasks contained quick and 
easy activities that can enhance positive 
affect, pleasure25 and life satisfaction and 
decreased NA26. In this notion, the 
individuals first cultivate the gratitude 
internally and then express it in a 
handwritten letter or verbally27. 
Undoubtedly, people seem to enjoy the 
gratitude intervention, and evidence has 
suggested that respondents are more likely 
to remain in an intervention and home 
assignments that allocate to them28. The 
homework usually entails counting 
blessings, listing things one is grateful for, 



 
 

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maintaining a gratitude journal, expressing 
gratitude, letter writing, etc. The discipline 
of gratitude intervention has advanced 
rapidly in the European countries, but the 
scarcity of this intrusion remained 
unprogressive in our culture. So, it is time to 
take a step forward to teach gratitude 
interventions to promote SWB, especially in 
adolescents and adults. 
 
The Gratitude meditation program mainly 
engrosses individuals to reminiscence the 
past events and recall the blessing that may 
persuade and boost gratitude. To 
summarize, the exploration mentioned 
above has recommended that gratitude 
intervention produces several positive 
outcomes and enhances SWB. Therefore, the 
central focus of the present study is to 
examine the effect of the Gratitude 
meditation program and see if it shows 
positive effects on measures of SWB on the 
sample of college students. It is suggested 
that study participants would have exposed 
an increase in dispositional gratitude 
immediately following the experimental 
manipulation. 
 

Methodology 
Quantitative research was conducted using 
the Quasi-Experimental designs within the 
groups of college students from two 
different colleges in Karachi, participating 
voluntarily in the gratitude meditation 
program.  
 
Participants 
Indeed, mental health problems are a 
significant public health concern for all ages, 
especially adolescents. Typically, the 
majority of mental disorders first emerge in 
this period. So, there is a strong need to 
improve their well-being to prevent 
disorder. Thereby it was most desirable to 
recruit students from the college. The sample 
consisted of 160 participants voluntarily 

participating in the gratitude meditation 
program. The age of the study participants 
ranged from 15-20 years and was employed 
from two colleges of Karachi in 
approximately equal proportions. The 
sample was divided into two groups 
regarding college, 80 students from Sir Syed 
Govt College and 80 from Army Public 
College, Saddar. All study participants were 
given informed consent before any gratitude 
meditation intervention.  
 
A total of 207 students were taken as 
additional participants to compensate the 
questionnaires with errors or absentees of 
students in the remaining sessions. Students 
who did not take all sessions of the program 
or those who did come to take training after 
getting enrolled in the program were 
excluded. A purposive non-probability 
sampling technique was used as the 
recruiting strategy for the study sample 
(Figure 1). The primary health care 
population does not have any psychiatric 
severe condition at baseline. The inclusion 
criterion involved reading and writing 
English to give informed consent and filling 
pre and post-measures. A total of 80 males 
and 80 females students participate in this 
study.  
 
Measures 
Gratitude Questionnaire-Six-Item Form (GQ-
6)29: 
This scale is designed to evaluate the 
proneness to experience gratitude in daily 
life. The responses of item measures are 
based on a 7-point Likert-style response 
scale, where participants rate their level of 
agreement on each item ranging from 1 = 
strongly disagree to 7 = strongly agree). 
There was a reverse scoring for items 3 and 6 
to get the total sum, and that was our total 
GQ-6 score. The range of scoring was 
between 6 and 42. McCullough et al. 
reported the GQ-6 to have high internal 
consistency, with Cronbach's alpha 0.7729. 



 
 

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Figure 1: Flow chart for Data Collection 

 
Satisfaction with life scale (SWLS)23: 
The instrument design measures the 
universal cognitive gauging of satisfaction 

with one's life. It is a brief questionnaire that 
contained only five items measured by a 7-
point Likert-type scale. The probable range 

Enrolment 
Assessed for eligibility 

(n= 207) 

 

Randomized 

(n= 160) 

Excluded (n= 47) 

Sir Syed Girls College, 

Karachi 

Army Public College, 

Saddar Karachi 

Sample approach 

(n= 101) 

 

Sample approach 

(n=106) 

Sample taken 1st 

Session (n= 99) 

 

llege, Karachi 

Sample taken 1st 

Session (n= 103) 

 

Sample taken all 

session (n= 94) 

 

Sample taken all 

session (n= 92) 

 

Pre-test 

Pre-test 

Questionnaires meet 

the criteria (n=87) 

 

Questionnaires meet 

the criteria (n=85) 

(n= 85) 

 Final sample size 

(n=80) 

 (n=87) 

 

Final sample size 

(n=80) 

 (n=87) 

 

Analysis 



 
 

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of scoring is 5-35, and a score of 20 indicates 
a neutral point on the scale. Diener et al. 
found SWLS to have favorable psychometric 
properties with the 0.87 coefficient alpha and 
2 -month test-retest stability coefficient of 
0.82, whereas Factor analysis of the SWLS 
suggests it unidimensional23. 
 
Positive and Negative Affect Schedule 
(PANAS)24: 

Participants are requested to ask whether 
they generally feel this way (a certain way) 
using a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 
very slightly (score 1) to significantly (score 
5). The scale contains two scales- Positive 
Affect (PA) and Negative Affect (NA). PA 
assesses ten emotion adjectives (e.g., excited, 
interested, and alert), and NA judges ten 
negative emotion adjectives (e.g., distressed, 

hostile, scared). The score range for both 
scales (PA and NA) ranges from 10-50, 
respectively. The PANAS scale seems to be a 
reliable measure and acquires both 
convergent and discriminant validity with 
high internal consistency and Cronbach's 
alphas ranging from 0.84 to 0.88. 
 
Procedure   
The three weeks' interventions consisted of 
three workshops or sessions. Each session is 
to be conducted weekly with one and half-
hour of duration. Participants are supposed 
to administer Pre and Post-intervention 
measures of SWB. 
 
The three-week Gratitude meditation 
program for improving SWB among college 
students is provided in Table 1.

 
Table 1: 3 weeks Gratitude meditation program for improving SWB 

Sessions Theme Interventions 

1st session 
Awakening the heart to 

gratitude daily 

• Grateful seeing 

• Breath of thanks 

• Maintain gratitude journal 

• Praying for gratitude (Religious ritual) 

2nd session 
Grateful contemplation 

• Counting blessings 

• Living gratefully 

• Sharing gratitude 

• Help someone less fortunate 

3rd session 
Behavioral expressions  

of gratitude 

• Giving thanks 

• Gratitude prompts 

• Write a gratitude letter to a loved one 

• Gratitude Quotes 

Further, the researcher explained the 
relevance of the study and then distributed 
questionnaires with a demographic section, 
where they were inquired about the age, 
education, and date of the test 
administration. Additionally, they were 
asked about any concerns regarding the 
study and taking further sessions. Though, 
after getting active participants' conformity 
with an explanation of the purpose and 

procedure of the study, pre-intervention 
measures were administered. 
 
PowerPoint slides were prepared for visual 
presentation in each session separately. And 
a gratitude booklet (designed by the study 
researcher) was also provided to each 
participant before starting the session; the 
material of the booklet was connected to a 
variety of gratitude exercises and homework 



 
 

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sheets, and those were also conducted 
throughout the whole sessions. As 
mentioned earlier, students from both 
colleges were assessed at two time points, 
three weeks apart: (a) Pre-test (before the 
intervention); (b) Post-test (instantly after 
intervention). All participants were reported 
for the next session. The results were 
analyzed on the Statistical Package for the 

Social Sciences (SPSS) to clarify the results' 
pattern and compute the mean. 
 

Result 
According to demographics, most of the 

participants were 17 to 18 years old (69.73%) 

and studying in XII year (53.75%) (Table 2). 

Table 2: Demographic characteristics of the study population. 

 

Variable  N(%) 

Level of Education 
XI year 74(46.25) 

XII year 86(53.75) 

Gender  
  

Male  80(50) 

Female  80(50) 

Age 

15-16 years 42(26.25) 

17-18 years  111(69.37) 

19-20 years 07(4.37) 

 

Results also show that the dispositional gratitude mean scores differed at the end of the 

intervention. Although significant differences were found before the Gratitude meditation 

program (28.10 ± 0.48) and after intervention (32.01 ± 0.46), with respect to the Gratitude variable 

shows statistically significant outcomes (t = 10.58, p=0.000). Moreover, other findings also yielded 

significant outcomes. A statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the 

Satisfaction with Life Scale, Positive and Negative Affects before and after the application of 

Gratitude interventions was also found. It has been observed that there are considerable increases 

in the scores of satisfaction with life scale and positive effects while expressing the noticeable 

decrease in Negative Affectivity from Day 1 (pre-intervention Assessment) to Day 21 (post-

intervention Assessment). 

 

However, the mean score of Satisfaction with Life presents a significant difference at the prior 

(19.43 ± 0.45) and after intervention (23.68 ± 0.43), (t = 11.17, p=0.000). While observing the 

Positive effects variable, the score is meaningfully different on the initial intervention phase (30.73 

± 0.58) as compared to the post-intervention (36.91 ± 0.54) phase and shows statistically significant 

results (t=11.87, p=0.000). Hence, there is a substantial decrease in the Negative effects mean 

scores from pre-test (28.58 ± 0.57) to post-test (22.09 ± 0.45), yet the results show statistical 

significance (t=-12.644, p = 0.000) (Table 3).   

 

Table 3: Effect of Gratitude practice on dispositional gratitude & SWB measures. 

Variables  Pre-Intervention Post-Intervention p-value 

Gratitude  28.10±0.48 32.01±0.46 0.000 

SWB Measures 
Satisfaction with life 19.43±0.45 23.68±0.43 0.000 

Positive Effects 30.73±0.58 36.91±0.54 0.000 



 
 

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Negative Effects 28.58±0.57 22.09±0.45 0.000 

 

Discussion 
In the present study, the inclusive goal is to 
check out and investigate the proficiency of 
the Gratitude Meditation Program on 
dispositional gratitude and SWB from Day-
one to Day twenty-one (3 weeks program). 
The program consisted of three workshops 
scheduled weekly basis on the availability of 
college students. The workshops examine 
whether or not the gratitude exercises 
successfully bring benefits to their 
respondents. In addition, the importance 
given to serving others among a 
representative sample of the population of 
Colleges was also observed. 
 
Recent research suggests that gratitude 
intervention is one of the best techniques and 
working gadget of PPIs and have shown 
positive results on measures of SWB and 
dispositional gratitude itself. This 
intervention is not only effective but easy to 
administer as well. Besides, a large number 
of researches and literature have been 
examined to investigate the benefits of this 
practice and intervention. In his book "Seven 
Laws of Spiritual Success," George Herbert 
says that a heart filled with gratitude and 
seeing for good is the most valuable thing 
that one possesses30. An individual who 
experiences gratitude demonstrates more 
resilience and can deal successfully with 
everyday problems, and eventually attain a 
high SWB11,21. 
 
In the current study, to enhance the SWB, the 
researcher instructed the respondents to 
continue their gratitude practice for 3-week. 
However, the question that arises here is 
why three weeks? Because it comprises 21 
days and the great body of evidence 
suggested that it takes 21 days to form a new 
habit fully. In the old ages, Maxwell Maltz31 
published a book recognized as Psycho-

Cybernetics, in which he stated that people 
take 21 days to fine-tune or stay at its 
required level after any major life change31. 
A study shows that the investigator advised 
the respondents to continue their gratitude 
practices for 21 days in order to internalize 
gratitude as a new habit completely. So that 
it becomes employed over time and gets 
sustained, leading to continual well-being 
throughout life. Subsequently, a significant 
change was observed after 21 days as 
compared to starting day21. 
 
Although, it has been observed that 
cultivating an attitude of gratitude exhibited 
conceivable outcomes. Besides that, it is also 
observed that while the respondent 
practiced gratitude, its impacts on his or her 
dispositional gratitude revealed significant 
increases in the level of gratitude post-
intervention. Undoubtedly, the influence of 
gratitude meditation is associated with the 
paradigm of gratitude itself and may induce 
intensely with the help of other therapeutic 
techniques21. This means an analyst can 
imply and intervene in the methods to 
nurture the individual to promote grateful 
habits that could possibly lead to the 
amplified character of gratefulness. 
Conclusively, the feeling of thankfulness is 
created immediately after the grateful 
thought, and continuous practice of 
gratitude techniques helps in raising 
dispositional gratitude32.  
 
On the other hand, a significant body of 
experiential research on gratitude 
intervention verified that it is an influencing 
intervention for enhancing SWB. 
Undoubtedly, gratitude intervention is 
considered as the vigorous executive for 
human booming33,34. Furthermore, can be 
one of the essential ingredients of becoming 
happier35. Furthermore, the current paper 
verified the beneficial effect of gratitude 



 
 

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training on SWB. The respondents' Post-
intervention scores were significantly higher 
as compared to the pre-test, concerning all 
domains of the SWB. 
 
In the present study, researchers primarily 
put efforts toward raising awareness about 
what valuable things they have, alongside 
general positive events or things that are 
regularly happening, but we take for granted 
and do not even consider them. 
Subsequently taking and attending gratitude 
exercise sessions, individuals start to notice 
those events and sources they never 
observed before. However, studies suggest 
that contentment and pleasure are partial 
until an individual expresses gratitude 
toward the source of the joy32. The feeling of 
gratitude experiences starts to process when 
one starts to notice the occurrences of 
positive events36. To exam the impact of 
gratitude intervention on SWB, different 
techniques were used successfully like 
Count Blessing, Maintain Gratitude Journal, 
Behaviour Expression, Letter writing, 
gratitude Quotes, prompts, etc. These all 
exercises were included in a gratitude 
booklet designed by the researcher and were 
given to each participant before the session 
started. 
 
The key outcomes that emerged from this 
study are that gratitude meditation is very 
effective in boosting satisfaction with life 
and positive effects, while substantial 
dropping in Negative scores (Show in Table 
3), along with the significant difference of the 
mean scores between the pre-and post-
intervention for all measures were observed. 
That ultimately facilitates the participant's 
SWB. These findings are also congruent with 
Watkin's22 analysis and Emmons's21 
findings. An experimental study conducted 
by Seligmanet et al.12 and Froh et al.,37 
revealed that grateful feeling leads to 
increased positive effects and satisfaction 
with life and a reduction in adverse effects. 

These results can also be linked with the 
study of Fredrickson et al.38, who 
recommend that positive effects are 
enhanced due to positive emotions like 
gratitude. 
 
Impartially a simple practice of gratitude is 
suggested to have numerous benefits along 
with improving well-being. It performs a 
vital role in mental, emotional, and physical 
health throughout life. A study conducted 
by Emmons & McCullough21 suggests that 
those college students who were keeping 
gratitude journal practice more regularly 
were observed highly satisfied with their 
lives, had fewer adverse effects, and were 
more hopeful about the future as compared 
to a neutral life event or hassles condition21. 
Again, in their second study, they observed 
that students who participated in journal-
keeping exercises daily were more likely to 
be attentive, enthusiastic, and strong-
minded compared to the hassles or social 
comparison condition21. They replicated the 
study to find out the results in adults with 
neuromuscular diseases. The patients were 
assessed through the self-report measures 
that show that patients in the grateful 
condition tend to have a high score on 
positive effects and satisfaction with life. The 
results also evidence that those people who 
are grateful are more likely to experience 
positive emotions, such as happiness, 
optimism, and contentment, along with less 
damaging emotions22. As both SWB 
measures (life satisfaction and positive and 
negative effects schedule) were amplified in 
post-intervention, the increasing rate of the 
mean was statistically significant, suggesting 
that the intervention was very beneficial and 
effective for hedonic well-being. 
 
Moreover, it is suggested that continued 
investigation in gratitude intervention can 
exhibit credible results and demonstrate that 
gratitude influences SWB. Unfortunately, 
little research work has been done in this 



 
 

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area and the field of gratitude meditation 
and SWB in Pakistan. Therefore, more 
interventional studies and work are 
suggested to be done on different sample 
sizes and statuses to determine the relevancy 
of PPIs and their effectiveness.  
 

Conclusion 
The current study provided evidence that 

gratitude meditation is a dynamic healing 

way, influencing the SWB in the sample of 

college students. The results conclude that 

gratitude meditation and exercises are 

among the best approaches to boost an 

individual's SWB and are considered the 

most successful PPIs. Moreover, this 

intervention has increased the level of 

gratitude itself. Therefore, one cannot ignore 

that the future of psychology would be 

lodging to build character strengths, and 

gratitude can accelerate this idea into a 

reality. In upcoming psychology, when a 

client goes to take a session, he/she may talk 

about his strengths instead of troubles.  

 

Acknowledgment  
We wish to acknowledge every study 
participant who voluntarily contributed to 
taking part in the project.  
 

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Psychol. 2001;52:141-166. 

3. Ryff CD. Happiness is everything, or is it? 
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4. Neugarten BL, Havighurst RJ, Tobin SS. The 
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