# bib

id: cord-283739-p7b4mtbl
author: Theerawatanasirikul, Sirin
date: 2020-09-07
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1607
sentence: 51
flesch: 44
cache: cache/cord-283739-p7b4mtbl.txt
txt: txt/cord-283739-p7b4mtbl.txt
title:
  Structural-based virtual screening and in vitro assays for small molecules inhibiting the feline coronavirus 3CL protease as a surrogate platform for coronaviruses

summary:
  prophylaxis experiment was designed to allow the entry of small compounds into the host 310 cells, and also determined that the compounds remaining in the supernatant still have a 311 sufficient viral inhibition potency. Moreover, compounds NSC282187 and NSC71097 might be able to permeate blood-358 brain barrier as shown in Supplementary Table 1 Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Triple combination of interferon beta-1b, 513 lopinavir-ritonavir, and ribavirin in the treatment of patients admitted to hospital with 514 COVID-19: an open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial Mechanism of the Maturation Process Potent inhibition of feline coronaviruses with peptidyl compounds targeting 531 coronavirus 3C-like protease Broad-Spectrum Antivirals against 3C or 3C-Like Proteases 535 of Picornaviruses, Noroviruses, and Coronaviruses Characterization of SARS main protease 538 and inhibitor assay using a fluorogenic substrate LigPlot+:


id: cord-008761-b36x05fn
author: Billiau, A.
title: The interferon system as a basis for antiviral therapy or prophylaxis
date: 2012-02-26
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2468
sentence: 110
flesch: 42
cache: cache/cord-008761-b36x05fn.txt
txt: txt/cord-008761-b36x05fn.txt
summary:
  Interferon therapy has a l so been considered as a possible means to cope with the increased incidence and severity of viral infections in renal transplant patients (31) ; it appears that interferon therapy reduces virus-shedding as well as the severity of symptoms of CMV infections. may enable one to target an interferon to a specific , The main lesson to be learned from these experiments is that interferon therapy is unlikely to achieve protective effects unless started before the major viral replication burst in the organism.


id: cord-270364-lsfmcj5c
author: Geller, C.
title: Antiseptic properties of two calix[4]arenes derivatives on the human coronavirus 229E()
date: 2010-09-18
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2335
sentence: 75
flesch: 41
cache: cache/cord-270364-lsfmcj5c.txt
txt: txt/cord-270364-lsfmcj5c.txt
summary:
  Within this purpose, some macrocyclic compounds belonging to the calixarene family (de Fátima et al., 2009; Rodik et al., 2009) , have already been shown to be interesting as anti-HIV and anti-HSV agents (Coveney and Costello, 2005; Harris, 1995 Harris, , 2002 Hwang et al., 1994; Kral et al., 2005; Motornaya et al., 2006) . In this field, our team described antiviral properties of various derivatives, such as 1,3-bis(bithiazolyl)-tetra-para-sulfonato-calix To evaluate these properties, a protocol described elsewhere (Geller et al., 2009 ) has been implemented.


id: cord-256270-7e8zlt3t
author: Choy, Ka-Tim
title: Remdesivir, lopinavir, emetine, and homoharringtonine inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro
date: 2020-04-03
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2752
sentence: 76
flesch: 27
cache: cache/cord-256270-7e8zlt3t.txt
txt: txt/cord-256270-7e8zlt3t.txt
summary:
  Antiviral compounds previously reported to show effect against SARS-CoV or other coronaviruses may be effective against SARS-CoV-2 (Chu et al., 2004; de Wilde et al., 2014; Dyall et al., 2014; Shen et al., 2019; Cao et al., 2015) . After 48 h incubation at 37°C, supernatants were collected to quantify viral loads by TCID 50 assay or quantitative real-time RT-PCR (TaqMan™ Fast Virus 1-Step Master Mix) following the methods described (Chu et al., 2020) .


id: cord-277860-vzyrcmu4
author: Pizzorno, Andrés
date: 2020-07-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 965
sentence: 22
flesch: 15
cache: cache/cord-277860-vzyrcmu4.txt
txt: txt/cord-277860-vzyrcmu4.txt
title:
  In vitro evaluation of antiviral activity of single and combined repurposable drugs against SARS-CoV-2

summary:
  In vitro evaluation of antiviral activity of single and combined repurposable drugs against SARS-CoV-2 date: 2020-07-15 journal: Antiviral Res DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104878 sha: doc_id: 277860 cord_uid: vzyrcmu4 In vitro evaluation of antiviral activity of single and combined repurposable drugs 1 against SARS-CoV-2 2 3 Authors: Andrés Pizzorno a , Blandine Padey a,b , Julia Dubois a , Thomas Julien a,c , Aurélien 4 Traversier a , Victoria Dulière a,c , Pauline Brun a,c , Bruno Lina a,d , Manuel Rosa-Calatrava a,c* † , 5 Olivier Terrier a* † 6 7 Author affiliations:


id: cord-281385-oxohdfpu
author: Noble, Christian G.
title: Crystal structure of dengue virus methyltransferase without S-adenosyl-L-methionine
date: 2014-09-19
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2626
sentence: 111
flesch: 52
cache: cache/cord-281385-oxohdfpu.txt
txt: txt/cord-281385-oxohdfpu.txt
summary:
  -O MTase (Egloff et al., 2002) , internal RNA MTase (Dong et al., 2012) , and GTase (Bollati et al., 2009; Egloff et al., 2007; Issur et al., 2009 ). To address this question, we investigated the structural and enzymatic integrity of DENV MTase in the absence of SAM.


id: cord-010247-cug21fnf
author: Hollingshead, Melinda G.
title: An ELISA system for evaluating antiretroviral activity against Rauscher murine leukemia virus
date: 1992-06-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2423
sentence: 97
flesch: 46
cache: cache/cord-010247-cug21fnf.txt
txt: txt/cord-010247-cug21fnf.txt
summary:
  Each well then received XC cells (Svoboda, 1961) . Chemotherapy of virus-induced lymphoid leukemia An improved murine leukemia virus immunofluorescence assay An enzyme immunoassay for dengue antibody using infected cultured mosquito cells as antigen Clonal cell lines from a feral mouse embryo which lack hostrange restrictions for murine leukemia viruses Bovine viral diarrhea virusinfected MDBK monolayer as antigen in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the measurement of antibodies in bovine sera Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays A plaque assay for murine leukemia virus using enzyme-coupled antibodies A virus-induced disease of mice characterized by erythrocytopoiesis and lymphoid leukemia In situ hybridization: general infectivity assay for retroviruses Rapid herpes simplex virus susceptibility testing using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay performed in situ on fixed virus-infected monolayers Suppression of retroviral propagation and disease by suramin in murine systems Suppression of mouse viraemia and retroviral disease by 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine Radioimmunoassay of mammalian type C viral proteins I. Species-specific reactions ofmurine and feline viruses Inhibition of Gross leukemia virus-induced plaque formation in XC cells by 3-deazauridine Use of a focal immunofluorescence assay on live cells for quantitation of retroviruses: distinction of host range classes in virus mixtures and biological cloning of dual-tropic murine leukemia viruses Two enzyme immunoassays for the detection of antibody to rodent coronaviruses A new method for titration of murine leukemia virus using purothionin A This work was supported by Contract N01-CM8-7274 from the National Cancer Institute.


id: cord-255902-fxlbx84w
author: Shephard, Adrian
date: 2015-09-25
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3441
sentence: 116
flesch: 43
cache: cache/cord-255902-fxlbx84w.txt
txt: txt/cord-255902-fxlbx84w.txt
title:
  Virucidal action of sore throat lozenges against respiratory viruses parainfluenza type 3 and cytomegalovirus

summary:
  key: cord-255902-fxlbx84w authors: Shephard, Adrian; Zybeshari, Stela title: Virucidal action of sore throat lozenges against respiratory viruses parainfluenza type 3 and cytomegalovirus date: 2015-09-25 journal: Antiviral Res DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2015.09.012 sha: doc_id: 255902 cord_uid: fxlbx84w Most respiratory tract infections are self-limiting and caused by viruses, and do not warrant antibiotic treatment. To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the virucidal effects of throat lozenges on these viruses.


id: cord-263042-qdmunb9l
author: Zhao, Yongkun
date: 2016-11-24
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3379
sentence: 120
flesch: 44
cache: cache/cord-263042-qdmunb9l.txt
txt: txt/cord-263042-qdmunb9l.txt
title:
  Passive immunotherapy for Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus infection with equine immunoglobulin or immunoglobulin fragments in a mouse model

summary:
  Epidemiological, demographic, and clinical characteristics of 47 cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease from Saudi Arabia: a descriptive study Hospital outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Prophylactic and postexposure efficacy of a potent human monoclonal antibody against MERS coronavirus Transmission of MERS-coronavirus in household contacts Clinical features and virological analysis of a case of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Identification of a receptor-binding domain in the S protein of the novel human coronavirus Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus as an essential target for vaccine development Immunological profile of antivenoms: preclinical analysis of the efficacy of a polyspecific antivenom through antivenomics and neutralization assays Towards improving clinical management of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Identification of a critical neutralization determinant of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-associated coronavirus: importance for designing SARS vaccines A humanized neutralizing antibody against MERS-CoV targeting the receptor-binding domain of the spike protein Passive immunotherapy for influenza A H5N1 virus infection with equine hyperimmune globulin F(ab')2 in mice Human polyclonal immunoglobulin G from transchromosomic bovines inhibits MERS-CoV in vivo The effectiveness of convalescent plasma and hyperimmune immunoglobulin for the treatment of severe acute respiratory infections of viral etiology: a systematic review and exploratory meta-analysis The receptor binding domain of the new Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus maps to a 231-residue region in the spike protein that efficiently elicits neutralizing antibodies Severe acute respiratory syndrome Co-circulation of three camel coronavirus species and recombination of MERS-CoVs in Saudi Arabia MERS-CoV virus-like particles produced in insect cells induce specific humoural and cellular imminity in rhesus macaques Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia Rapid generation of a mouse model for Middle East respiratory syndrome Passive immunotherapy with dromedary immune serum in an experimental animal model for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Treatment with hyperimmune equine immunoglobulin or immunoglobulin fragments completely protects rodents from Ebola virus infection Inhibition of infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus by equine neutralizing antibody in aged mice Middle East respiratory syndrome Ad5-hDPP4 transduced BALB/c mice (6wks, female) were injected intraperitoneally with 200 mL horse serum However, neutralizing antibody titers in MERS patients are generally low and the limited number of MERS survivors makes this approach impractical (Drosten et al., 2013) .


id: cord-286103-cgky6ar6
author: Otaki, Momoko
title: Inhibition of measles virus and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis virus by RNA interference
date: 2006-02-13
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3541
sentence: 122
flesch: 42
cache: cache/cord-286103-cgky6ar6.txt
txt: txt/cord-286103-cgky6ar6.txt
summary:
  To assess the effect of siRNA on SSPE virus replication, SSPE virus-infected cells were transfected with either synthetic siRNA or a pcPUR + U6i expression plasmid, and then cocultured with fresh Vero/SLAM cells. The results obtained clearly demonstrated that both syn-thetic and plasmid-mediated MV-L2 siRNA markedly inhibited SSPE virus replication and/or cell-to-cell spread ( Fig. 3A and B) .


id: cord-256280-ihj102hi
author: Takano, Tomomi
title: The cholesterol transport inhibitor U18666A inhibits type I feline coronavirus infection
date: 2017-08-03
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4188
sentence: 165
flesch: 44
cache: cache/cord-256280-ihj102hi.txt
txt: txt/cord-256280-ihj102hi.txt
summary:
  Our findings of the present and previous studies suggest that type I FCoV requires cholesterol to infect cells, but type II FCoV does not require cholesterol for its infection. It was suggested that type II FCoV was arisen from a double recombination between type I FCoV and type II CCoV (Herrewegh et al., 1998; Terada et al., 2014) .


id: cord-266520-n439dwcx
author: Levanova, Alesia A.
date: 2020-08-13
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3639
sentence: 121
flesch: 39
cache: cache/cord-266520-n439dwcx.txt
txt: txt/cord-266520-n439dwcx.txt
title:
  Enzymatically synthesized 2'-fluoro-modified Dicer-substrate siRNA swarms against herpes simplex virus demonstrate enhanced antiviral efficacy and low cytotoxicity

summary:
  Therefore, to produce siRNA swarms for the cellular experiments we used 2'-F-dATP, 2'-F-dCTP, or 2'-F-dUTP, but not their mixture. We have previously reported a novel enzymatic approach to synthetize large pools of siRNA molecules, which we refer to as siRNA swarms.


id: cord-286831-ni7qfjk9
author: Choi, Hwa-Jung
title: Antiviral activity of quercetin 7-rhamnoside against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus
date: 2008-11-06
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3839
sentence: 145
flesch: 49
cache: cache/cord-286831-ni7qfjk9.txt
txt: txt/cord-286831-ni7qfjk9.txt
summary:
  key: cord-286831-ni7qfjk9 authors: Choi, Hwa-Jung; Kim, Jin-Hee; Lee, Choong-Hwan; Ahn, Young-Joon; Song, Jae-Hyoung; Baek, Seung-Hwa; Kwon, Dur-Han title: Antiviral activity of quercetin 7-rhamnoside against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus date: 2008-11-06 journal: Although a variety of pharmacological activities associated with chemicals in H. cordata has been demonstrated, antiviral activities against PEDV have not been reported.


id: cord-257271-jzmwy4yi
author: Lin, Jung-Chung
date: 2008-03-31
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4143
sentence: 142
flesch: 39
cache: cache/cord-257271-jzmwy4yi.txt
txt: txt/cord-257271-jzmwy4yi.txt
title:
  Inhibitory effects of some derivatives of glycyrrhizic acid against Epstein-Barr virus infection: Structure–activity relationships

summary:
  Glycyrrhizin enhances interleukin-10 production by liver dendritic cells in mice with hepatitis History of the endocrine effects of licorice Chemical modification of glycyrrhizic acid as a route to new bioactive compounds for medicine Synthesis of glycyrrhizic acid conjugates containing l-lysine Containing the spread of HIV infection among high-risk groups In vitro inhibition of Chikungunya and Semliki Forest viruses replication by antiviral compounds: synergistic effect of interferon-alpha and ribavirin combination Inhibition of glycyrrhizic acid on aflatoxin B1-induced cytotoxicity in hepatoma cells A quantitive bioassay for HIV-1 gene expression based on UV-activation: effect of glycyrrhizic acid Inhibition of nuclear factor B is associated with neuroprotective effects of glycyrrhizic acid on glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in primary neurons Glycyrrhizin, an active component of liquorice roots, and replication of SARSassociated coronavirus Development of antiviral therapy for severe acute respiratory syndrome Complementary and alternative therapies in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C: a systematic review Interferon, ribavirin, 6-azauridine and glycyrrhizin: antiviral compounds active against pathogenic flaviviruses Pathobiology of ischaemic stroke: an integrated view On the mechanism of mitochondrial permeability transition induction by glycyrrhetinic acid Glycyrrhizin inhibits the lytic pathway of complement -possible mechanism of its antiinflammatory effect on liver cells in viral hepatitis Nitric oxide down-regulates Epstein-Barr virus reactivation in epithelial cell lines Epstein-Barr virus infections: prospects for treatment Licorice compounds glycyrrhizin and 18␤-glycyrrhetinic acid are potent modulators of bile acid-induced cytotoxicity in rat hepatocytes Glycyrrhetic acid (a metabolic substance and aglycon of glycyrrhizin) induces apoptosis in human hepatoma, promyelotic leukemia and stomach cancer cells Antiviral activity of glycyrrhizic acid derivatives against SARS-coronavirus Induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase expression by 18␤-glycyrrhetinic acid in macrophages Characterization of complement C3 as a glycyrrhizin (GL)-binding protein and the phosphorylation of C3␣ by CK-2, which is potently inhibited by GL and glycyrrhetinic acid in vitro Synthesis and immunomodulating activity of new glycopeptides of glycyrrhizic acid containing residues of l-glutamic acid Mapping of the C3d receptor (CR2) binding site and a neoantigenic site in the C3d domain of the third component of complement Strategies for evaluation of antiviral agents against Epstein-Barr virus in culture Mechanism of action of glycyrrhizic acid in inhibition of Epstein-Barr virus replication in vitro Pathogenesis and therapy of Epstein-Barr virus infection: novel therapeutic approaches Comparison of two bromovinyl nucleoside analogs, 1-␤-d-arabinofuranosyl-E-5-(2-bromovinyl)uracil and E-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2 -deoxyuridine, with acyclovir in inhibition of Epstein-Barr virus replication Sequential detection of different antigens induced by Epstein-Barr virus and herpes simplex virus in the same Western blot by using dual antibody probes Epstein-Barr virus: inhibition of replication by three new drugs Prolonged inhibitory effect of 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine against replication of Epstein-Barr virus Comparative efficacy and selectivity of some nucleoside analogs against Epstein-Barr virus hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy]methyl)guanine in human lymphoblastoid cell lines infected with Epstein-Barr virus Novel acyclic adenosine analogs inhibit Epstein-Barr virus replication Inhibitory effects of acyclic nucleoside phosphonate analogs, including (S)-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)cytosine, on Epstein-Barr virus replication Structure-activity relationship between (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-and 5-vinyl-1-␤-d-arabinofuranosyluracil(BV-araU, V-araU) in inhibition of Epstein-Barr virus replication Quantitative analysis of cell-free Epstein-Barr virus DNA in plasma of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma Nitric oxide produced by human B lymphocytes inhibits apoptosis and Epstein-Barr virus reactivation Some nucleoside analogs with anti-human immunodeficiency virus activity inhibit replication of Epstein-Barr virus Identification of gp350 as the viral glycoprotein mediating attachment of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) to the EBV/C3d receptor of B cells: sequence homology of gp 350 and C3 complement fragment C3d Identification of an epitope in the major envelope protein of Epstein-Barr virus that mediates viral binding to the B lymphocytes Epstein-Barr virus receptor (CR2) Soluble recombinant CR2 (CD21) inhibits Epstein-Barr virus infection A drug over the millennia: pharmacognosy, chemistry, and pharmacology of licorice Bioavailability study of glycyrrhetic acid after oral administration of glycyrrhizin in rats; relevance to the intestinal bacterial hydrolysis Epstein-Barr virus gp350/220 binding to the B lymphocyte C3d receptor mediates adsorption, capping, and endocytosis Intravenous glycyrrhizin for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C: a doubleblind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase I/II trial Pathologic characteristics of immunologic injury in primary cultured rat hepatocytes and protective effect of glycyrrhizin in vitro We thank Joseph Pagano for his critical reading and comments on this manuscript. In previous years, we have shown that many nucleoside analogs selectively inhibit replication of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in vitro (Lin et al., 1983 (Lin et al., , 1984 (Lin et al., , 1985 (Lin et al., , 1987 (Lin et al., , 1991 (Lin et al., , 1992 Lin and Machida, 1988;


id: cord-262110-569a86u3
author: Tan, Chee Wah
date: 2014-04-24
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4239
sentence: 162
flesch: 45
cache: cache/cord-262110-569a86u3.txt
txt: txt/cord-262110-569a86u3.txt
title:
  Inhibition of enterovirus 71 infection by antisense octaguanidinium dendrimer-conjugated morpholino oligomers

summary:
  To evaluate the efficacy of vivo-MOs against different enteroviruses including CV-A16 and PV, RD cells were pre-incubated with vivo-MOs at the final concentration of 5 lM for 4 h before viral Table 1 Sequence of the 23-mer vivo-MOs and target locations in EV-71 RNA. Sequence ( inoculation at a MOI of 0.1 for 1 h at 37°C. EV-71 was passaged in RD cells with increasing concentrations of either vivo-MO-1 or vivo-MO-2.


id: cord-281069-m638nyt0
author: Hong, Wei
date: 2013-12-04
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5130
sentence: 212
flesch: 49
cache: cache/cord-281069-m638nyt0.txt
txt: txt/cord-281069-m638nyt0.txt
title:
  Inhibitory activity and mechanism of two scorpion venom peptides against herpes simplex virus type 1

summary:
  These studies indicated that scorpion venom is a rich source of anti-viral peptides. In our previous studies, a serious of anti-viral peptides from scorpion venom have been identified, such as Ctry2459 (Hong et al., 2013) , Hp1090 (Yan et al., 2011) and Kn2-7


id: cord-255536-x1z2o9gs
author: Artusi, Sara
date: 2015-04-03
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4832
sentence: 176
flesch: 46
cache: cache/cord-255536-x1z2o9gs.txt
txt: txt/cord-255536-x1z2o9gs.txt
title:
  The Herpes Simplex Virus-1 genome contains multiple clusters of repeated G-quadruplex: Implications for the antiviral activity of a G-quadruplex ligand

summary:
  G-quadruplexes occur in functionally important regions of the genome (Huppert, 2008; Neidle, 2010) : they have been identified in the promoters of a wide range of genes that are important in cell signaling (Balasubramanian et al., 2010; Duquette et al., 2004) , suggesting the possibility that G-quadruplexes behave as structural switches of cellular processes, therefore providing a basis for therapeutic intervention (Neidle and Parkinson, 2002; Zhang et al., 2014) . The Cooperative Study Group on Herpetic Esophagitis in HIV Infection A G-quadruplex-interactive potent small-molecule inhibitor of telomerase exhibiting in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity Selective interactions of cationic porphyrins with G-quadruplex structures Trisubstituted acridine derivatives as potent and selective telomerase inhibitors Anatomy of herpes simplex virus DNA: evidence for four populations of molecules that differ in the relative orientations of their long and short components Glycoprotein C of herpes simplex virus type 1 plays a principal role in the adsorption of virus to cells and in infectivity Genomic distribution and functional analyses of potential G-quadruplexforming sequences in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Four-stranded nucleic acids: structure, function and targeting of G-quadruplexes Current and future therapies for herpes simplex virus infections: mechanism of action and drug resistance Bcl-2 promoter sequence G-quadruplex interactions with three planar and non-planar cationic porphyrins: TMPyP4, TMPyP3, and TMPyP2 Sequence variant (CTAGGG)n in the human telomere favors a G-quadruplex structure containing a G.C.G.C tetrad Characterization of a herpes simplex virus sequence which binds a cellular protein as either a single-stranded or double-stranded DNA or RNA Analysis of the UL36 open reading frame encoding the large tegument protein (ICP1/2) of herpes simplex virus type 1 G-quadruplexes regulate Epstein-Barr virus-encoded nuclear antigen 1 mRNA translation Human telomeric G-quadruplex: the current status of telomeric Gquadruplexes as therapeutic targets in human cancer Telomere maintenance as a target for anticancer drug discovery Role for G-quadruplex RNA binding by Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 1 in DNA replication and metaphase chromosome attachment High GC content of simple sequence repeats in Herpes simplex virus type 1 genome Human telomere, oncogenic promoter and 5 0 -UTR G-quadruplexes: diverse higher order DNA and RNA targets for cancer therapeutics Potent and selective inhibition of HIV-1 replication in vitro by a novel series of TIBO derivatives A dynamic G-quadruplex region regulates the HIV-1 long terminal repeat promoter Formation of a unique cluster of G-quadruplex structures in the HIV-1 Nef coding region: implications for antiviral activity Anti-HIV-1 activity of the G-quadruplex ligand BRACO-19 Human telomeric G-quadruplex: structures of DNA and RNA sequences DNA architecture: from G to Z Genome-wide prediction of G4 DNA as regulatory motifs: role in Escherichia coli global regulation Structure-based design of selective and potent G quadruplex-mediated telomerase inhibitors The yeast Pif1 helicase prevents genomic instability caused by G-quadruplex-forming CEB1 sequences in vivo Herpes Simplex Viruses Cellular proteins specifically bind single-and double-stranded DNA and RNA from the initiation site of a transcript that crosses the origin of DNA replication of herpes simplex virus 1 Formation of parallel four-stranded complexes by guanine-rich motifs in DNA and its implications for meiosis G-quadruplex DNA structures-variations on a theme Microtubule-mediated transport of incoming herpes simplex virus 1 capsids to the nucleus The SARS-unique domain (SUD) of SARS coronavirus contains two macrodomains that bind G-quadruplexes Antiviral agents for herpes simplex virus Genome-wide computational and expression analyses reveal G-quadruplex DNA motifs as conserved cis-regulatory elements in human and related species Circular dichroism and guanine quadruplexes Investigation of mRNA quadruplex formation in Escherichia coli G-quadruplex structures and their interaction diversity with ligands Supplementary data associated with this article can be found, in the online version, at http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2015.03.


id: cord-260071-z29b30sd
author: Zhong, Yu
title: Highly potent anti-HIV-1 activity isolated from fermented Polygonum tinctorium Aiton
date: 2005-03-27
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5490
sentence: 207
flesch: 54
cache: cache/cord-260071-z29b30sd.txt
txt: txt/cord-260071-z29b30sd.txt
summary:
  Sukumo extract, and exhibited anti-viral activity with an EC 50 value of 11.56 g/ml. Sukumo extract was found to interact with both the viral envelope glycoprotein and cellular receptors, thus blocking virus-cell binding and virus-induced syncytium formation.


id: cord-264488-989t9ld1
author: Park, Il-Hyun
title: Inhibition of hepatitis B virus replication by ligand-mediated activation of RNase L
date: 2014-02-06
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5333
sentence: 189
flesch: 46
cache: cache/cord-264488-989t9ld1.txt
txt: txt/cord-264488-989t9ld1.txt
summary:
  Because p2-5A is a unique and specific activator for RNase L, these results strongly indicated that the observed inhibition of HBV was the result of RNase L activation. RNase L activation requires 2-5A, which is synthesized by OAS.


id: cord-270498-hh6h50t2
author: Tseng, Chin-Kai
date: 2017-09-19
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4977
sentence: 190
flesch: 39
cache: cache/cord-270498-hh6h50t2.txt
txt: txt/cord-270498-hh6h50t2.txt
title:
  Celastrol inhibits hepatitis C virus replication by upregulating heme oxygenase-1 via the JNK MAPK/Nrf2 pathway in human hepatoma cells

summary:
  Activation of the MAPK signaling cascade, which includes p38, ERK1/2, and JNK, has been reported to be involved in HO-1 induction resulting in anti-HCV activity (Huang et al., 2006 whether MAPKs are involved in anti-HCV effect of celastrol, Ava5 cells were treated with 0.5 mM celastrol for 0e120 min. HO-1 induction was recently shown to result in anti-HCV activity by inducing type I interferon and inhibiting hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3/4A protease activity.


id: cord-262184-uxyb4vih
author: Jockusch, Steffen
date: 2020-06-18
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 6511
sentence: 206
flesch: 39
cache: cache/cord-262184-uxyb4vih.txt
txt: txt/cord-262184-uxyb4vih.txt
title:
  A Library of Nucleotide Analogues Terminate RNA Synthesis Catalyzed by Polymerases of Coronaviruses that Cause SARS and COVID-19

summary:
  The antiviral compound remdesivir potently inhibits RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Remdesivir is a direct-acting antiviral that inhibits RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 with high potency Cellular pharmacology of 2',3'-dideoxy-2',3'-didehydrothymidine, a nucleoside analog active against human immunodeficiency virus Selective action of 2',3'-didehydro-2',3'-dideoxythymidine triphosphate on human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase and human DNA polymerases Triphosphates of the two components in DESCOVY and TRUVADA are inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 polymerase Four-color DNA sequencing by synthesis using cleavable fluorescent nucleotide reversible terminators Nucleotide analogues as inhibitors of SARS-CoV polymerase Structure of the SARS-CoV nsp12 polymerase bound to nsp7 and nsp8 co-factors Development of CMX001 for the treatment of poxvirus infections Enzymatic recognition of 2'-modified ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphates: The antiviral compound remdesivir potently inhibits RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Remdesivir is a direct-acting antiviral that inhibits RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 with high potency Cellular pharmacology of 2',3'-dideoxy-2',3'-didehydrothymidine, a nucleoside analog active against human immunodeficiency virus Selective action of 2',3'-didehydro-2',3'-dideoxythymidine triphosphate on human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase and human DNA polymerases Triphosphates of the two components in DESCOVY and TRUVADA are inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 polymerase Four-color DNA sequencing by synthesis using cleavable fluorescent nucleotide reversible terminators Nucleotide analogues as inhibitors of SARS-CoV polymerase Structure of the SARS-CoV nsp12 polymerase bound to nsp7 and nsp8 co-factors Development of CMX001 for the treatment of poxvirus infections Enzymatic recognition of 2'-modified ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphates:


id: cord-259480-1tqfoecc
author: Li, Huixin
date: 2016-03-02
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 6035
sentence: 195
flesch: 43
cache: cache/cord-259480-1tqfoecc.txt
txt: txt/cord-259480-1tqfoecc.txt
title:
  Recombinant duck enteritis viruses expressing major structural proteins of the infectious bronchitis virus provide protection against infectious bronchitis in chickens

summary:
  Chen et al. (2010) reported partial protection of chickens against a recombinant fowlpox virus expressing the IBV S1 protein with only 25% of birds showing clinical signs. Western blotting was performed to detect the expression of IBV proteins from the rDEVs (Han et al., 2013) .


id: cord-023608-w2g7v7g1
title: ISAR News
date: 2017-10-20
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 6063
sentence: 247
flesch: 45
cache: cache/cord-023608-w2g7v7g1.txt
txt: txt/cord-023608-w2g7v7g1.txt
summary:
  Infection with ZIKV, which can result in congenital deformities in newborn babies when the mothers are infected during pregnancy as well as Guillain-Barré syndrome in otherwise healthy adults, has brought intense international focus on this emerging threat with calls for urgent development of antiviral drugs. Each award Dengue fever disease is caused by the four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV 1-4) and is mostly transmitted by the urban dwelling Aedes aegypti mosquito.


id: cord-291143-nkv1h3uh
author: Matyushenko, Victoria
date: 2020-06-22
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 6693
sentence: 201
flesch: 37
cache: cache/cord-291143-nkv1h3uh.txt
txt: txt/cord-291143-nkv1h3uh.txt
title:
  Conserved T-cell epitopes of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) delivered by recombinant live attenuated influenza vaccine viruses efficiently induce RSV-specific lung-localized memory T cells and augment influenza-specific resident memory T-cell responses

summary:
  For the majority of respiratory pathogens, the establishment of lung tissue-resident memory CD8 T cells (T RM ) can provide a first line of adaptive cellular defense on exposure to the same or similar pathogen, because CD8 T cells are targeted primarily to the relatively conserved viral proteins (reviewed in (Takamura, 2017; Topham and Reilly, 2018) ). Gating strategy for phenotyping IFNγ-secreting CD4 and CD8 T cells in the lungs is shown in Fig.S2 .


id: cord-264308-y6xuxj16
author: Liu, Rui
date: 2015-05-26
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 7696
sentence: 309
flesch: 50
cache: cache/cord-264308-y6xuxj16.txt
txt: txt/cord-264308-y6xuxj16.txt
title:
  Mouse lung slices: An ex vivo model for the evaluation of antiviral and anti-inflammatory agents against influenza viruses

summary:
  The evaluation of a panel of antiviral and anti-inflammatory agents in mouse lung slice model. To validate this precision cut mouse lung slice model in screening and evaluation of both antiviral and anti-inflammatory drugs against influenza virus infection in one assay using NA and IP-10 as readouts, four categories of known antiviral and anti-inflammatory drugs were tested for their antiviral and anti-inflammatory activities.


id: cord-260735-3c33r1os
author: Spisakova, Martina
title: Ethacrynic and α-lipoic acids inhibit vaccinia virus late gene expression
date: 2008-12-04
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 8180
sentence: 304
flesch: 48
cache: cache/cord-260735-3c33r1os.txt
txt: txt/cord-260735-3c33r1os.txt
summary:
  Based on the findings described above, we decided to further characterize the effects of EA and LA on VACV growth in cell lines of different origin-in human and monkey epithelial cell lines HeLa G and BSC-40, respectively, mouse fibroblasts L929, mouse macrophages J774.G8 untreated and pre-treated with interferon ␥ Table 1 . Cytotoxicity of the tested compounds was characterized by the inhibition of cell growth using a protocol adapted according to TOX-1 kit (Sigma Co., St. Louis, MO).


id: cord-297398-40bshqly
author: Dong, Wanyu
date: 2019-11-18
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 8655
sentence: 338
flesch: 47
cache: cache/cord-297398-40bshqly.txt
txt: txt/cord-297398-40bshqly.txt
title:
  Receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors block proliferation of TGEV mainly through p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways

summary:
  We also used another p38 inhibitor to validate its essential regulatory role in TGEV infection, and the results were consistent with those of BIRB796, which can significantly reduce TGEV replication (Fig. 5E and F) . TGEV infection induces high levels of p38 MAP kinase and JNK1 phosphorylation, both of which are required for TGEV replication.


id: cord-308110-cco3aq4n
author: Okamoto, Mika
title: The chemokine receptor antagonist cenicriviroc inhibits the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro
date: 2020-07-30
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2698
sentence: 102
flesch: 43
cache: cache/cord-308110-cco3aq4n.txt
txt: txt/cord-308110-cco3aq4n.txt
summary:
  In this study, CVC was examined for its inhibitory effect on the replication of SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, in cell cultures and found to be a selective inhibitor of the virus. More recently, the anti-parasitic agent ivermectin has been shown to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication in cell cultures (Caly et al., 2020) .


id: cord-275624-o5545c1x
author: Tai, Wanbo
date: 2020-05-13
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 1619
sentence: 53
flesch: 53
cache: cache/cord-275624-o5545c1x.txt
txt: txt/cord-275624-o5545c1x.txt
title:
  Identification of SARS-CoV RBD-targeting monoclonal antibodies with cross-reactive or neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2

summary:
  Neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and 302 other human coronaviruses A distinct 305 name is needed for the new coronavirus Structure of SARS coronavirus spike 307 receptor-binding domain complexed with receptor Interaction between heptad repeat 1 310 and 2 regions in spike protein of SARS-associated coronavirus: implications for 311 virus fusogenic mechanism and identification of fusion inhibitors 318 Characterization of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of 2019 novel 319 coronavirus: implication for development of RBD protein as a viral attachment 320 inhibitor and vaccine Recombinant receptor-binding domains of multiple Middle East 323 respiratory syndrome coronaviruses (MERS-CoVs) induce cross-neutralizing 324 antibodies against divergent human and camel MERS-CoVs and antibody 325 escape mutants Potent binding of 2019 novel coronavirus spike protein by a 328 SARS coronavirus-specific human monoclonal antibody. Briefly, ELISA plates were precoated with respective RBD proteins (1 99 μg/ml) overnight at 4℃, which were blocked with 2% fat-free milk in PBST for 2 h at 100 37℃. SARS-CoV RBD-specific mouse mAbs (10 and 1 μg/ml) were added to the 101 plates and incubated for 2 h at 37℃.


id: cord-253825-d9borky8
author: Blaising, Julie
title: Arbidol as a broad-spectrum antiviral: An update
date: 2014-04-24
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 8786
sentence: 293
flesch: 35
cache: cache/cord-253825-d9borky8.txt
txt: txt/cord-253825-d9borky8.txt
summary:
  Shi and coworkers showed a greater inhibitory effect on influenza A H1N1 when ARB was added before infection or when it was pre-incubated with the virus (Shi et al., 2007) , suggesting that membrane impregnation and/or metabolites could underlie ARB antiviral activity (see Section 6.). Taken together, these data reveal that resistance of influenza viruses to ARB mainly arises from mutations in the HA2 fusion protein, consistent with ARB antiviral activity related to membrane fusion.


id: cord-254201-hqijd268
author: Bray, Mike
title: Radiolabeled antiviral drugs and antibodies as virus-specific imaging probes
date: 2010-08-13
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 10302
sentence: 318
flesch: 34
cache: cache/cord-254201-hqijd268.txt
txt: txt/cord-254201-hqijd268.txt
summary:
  In contrast, compounds that specifically block a virus-encoded methyltransferase, such as the flavivirus NS5 protein, might make good tracers for radionuclide imaging (Dong et al., 2008) . â�¢ Drugs that directly inhibit the virus-encoded methyltransferase are currently under development for dengue, West Nile and other flaviviruses (Dong et al., 2008) .


id: cord-300117-rlpzejjt
author: Coutard, B.
date: 2020-02-10
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3047
sentence: 83
flesch: 35
cache: cache/cord-300117-rlpzejjt.txt
txt: txt/cord-300117-rlpzejjt.txt
title:
  The spike glycoprotein of the new coronavirus 2019-nCoV contains a furin-like cleavage site absent in CoV of the same clade

summary:
  Insertion of furin like cleavage site is surrounded by a black frame. However, in the other less pathogenic circulating human CoV, the S2′ cleavage site only exhibits a monobasic R↓S sequence (Fig. 2) with no basic residues at either P2 and/or P4 needed to allow furin cleavage, suggesting a less efficient cleavage or higher restriction at the entry step depending on the cognate proteases expressed by target cells.


id: cord-315524-vgdjpjkj
author: Chen, Sunrui
date: 2020-05-30
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2076
sentence: 100
flesch: 35
cache: cache/cord-315524-vgdjpjkj.txt
txt: txt/cord-315524-vgdjpjkj.txt
title:
  Drug screening identifies gemcitabine inhibiting rotavirus through alteration of pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis pathway

summary:
  Repurposing of clinically developed drugs for treatment of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Viral associated diarrhea in immunocompromised and cancer patients at a large comprehensive cancer center: a 10-year retrospective study Rotaviruses: from pathogenesis to vaccination Parallels between cancer and infectious disease Novel activities of safe-inhuman broad-spectrum antiviral agents Host-based ribavirin resistance influences hepatitis C virus replication and treatment response Modeling rotavirus infection and antiviral therapy using primary intestinal organoids 6-Thioguanine inhibits rotavirus replication through suppression of Rac1 GDP/GTP cycling PI3K-Akt-mTOR axis sustains rotavirus infection via the 4E-BP1 mediated autophagy pathway and represents an antiviral target Rotavirus in organ transplantation: drug-virus-host interactions Mycophenolic acid potently inhibits rotavirus infection with a high barrier to resistance development Gemcitabine and Cisplatin Induction Chemotherapy in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Gemcitabine, a widely used anti-cancer drug, has potent antiviral activity against rotavirus infection Although rotavirus infection is usually acute and self-limiting, it can cause chronic infection with severe diseases in immunocompromised patients, including organ transplantation recipients and cancer patients irrespective of pediatric or adult patients.


id: cord-277443-mv7sk5aa
author: Kumaki, Yohichi
date: 2016-12-09
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 10074
sentence: 350
flesch: 48
cache: cache/cord-277443-mv7sk5aa.txt
txt: txt/cord-277443-mv7sk5aa.txt
title:
  Prophylactic and therapeutic intranasal administration with an immunomodulator, Hiltonol(®) (Poly IC:LC), in a lethal SARS-CoV-infected BALB/c mouse model

summary:
  Mice were weighed every day from 24 h prior to virus infection to day 21 post virus exposure. These treated, SARS-CoVinfected mice receiving the various Hiltonol ® dosing regimens were also significantly protected against weight loss due to virus infection (Table 1 , p < 0.05-p<0.001) from days 0e3 post virus exposure when the greatest weight loss occurred in this mouse model.


id: cord-285856-0sw3wt1i
author: Naesens, Lieve
date: 2009-02-05
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 2976
sentence: 96
flesch: 27
cache: cache/cord-285856-0sw3wt1i.txt
txt: txt/cord-285856-0sw3wt1i.txt
title:
  Anti-influenza virus activity and structure–activity relationship of aglycoristocetin derivatives with cyclobutenedione carrying hydrophobic chains

summary:
  Additional anti-influenza virus compounds should be urgently developed, having a novel antiviral target that is highly conserved amongst influenza virus (sub)types and, hence, less prone to genetic variation and resistance selection. The cellular entry process of influenza viruses has been unraveled since many years (reviewed in Skehel and Wiley, 2000) .


id: cord-328468-bwn4bmf5
author: Mohan, Ketha V.K.
title: Antiviral activity of selected antimicrobial peptides against vaccinia virus()
date: 2010-03-27
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4374
sentence: 139
flesch: 43
cache: cache/cord-328468-bwn4bmf5.txt
txt: txt/cord-328468-bwn4bmf5.txt
summary:
  Ever since their discovery, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been gaining attention as an important therapeutic intervention alternative in the field of disease prevention and care against a number of microbes (Brogden, 2005; Hancock and Sahl, 2006; Oyston et al., 2009; Zaiou, 2007) . Antimicrobial peptides have been reported against a variety of viruses that include influenza A virus, SARS co-V, WNV, HSV and many others (Bai et al., 2007; Basu et al., 2009; Chu et al., 2008; Guo et al., 2009 ).


id: cord-299189-59d4aojh
author: Zou, Hao
date: 2013-07-02
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4571
sentence: 178
flesch: 46
cache: cache/cord-299189-59d4aojh.txt
txt: txt/cord-299189-59d4aojh.txt
title:
  Transmissible gastroenteritis virus: Identification of M protein-binding peptide ligands with antiviral and diagnostic potential

summary:
  In the current study, three TGEV M-binding phage and the concomitant peptides were identified from a phage display library. key: cord-299189-59d4aojh authors: Zou, Hao; Zarlenga, Dante S.; Sestak, Karol; Suo, Siqingaowa; Ren, Xiaofeng title: Transmissible gastroenteritis virus: Identification of M protein-binding peptide ligands with antiviral and diagnostic potential date: 2013-07-02 journal:


id: cord-288337-sw7xjpbr
author: Guo, Chao-Tan
title: Edible bird's nest extract inhibits influenza virus infection
date: 2006-03-03
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4201
sentence: 131
flesch: 43
cache: cache/cord-288337-sw7xjpbr.txt
txt: txt/cord-288337-sw7xjpbr.txt
summary:
  We found that EBN extract could strongly inhibit infection with influenza viruses in a host range-independent manner when it was hydrolyzed with Pancreatin F. Western blotting assay showed that the EBN extract bound to influenza virus. Furthermore, EBN extract could neutralize the infection of MDCK cells with influenza viruses and inhibit hemagglutination of influenza viruses to erythrocytes, but it could not inhibit the activity of influenza virus sialidase.


id: cord-312965-5hcb15xc
author: Qi, Yan-fei
title: In vitro anti-hepatitis B and SARS virus activities of a titanium-substituted-heteropolytungstate
date: 2011-11-23
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4748
sentence: 212
flesch: 53
cache: cache/cord-312965-5hcb15xc.txt
txt: txt/cord-312965-5hcb15xc.txt
summary:
  HBsAg HBV DNA clear, we have deduced that compound 1 might block the secretion of HBV containing nucleocapsids or destabilize HBV DNA-containing nucleocapsids. The compound 1, evaluated in HepG 2.2.15 cells expressing permanently HBV, significantly reduced the levels of HBV antigens and HBV DNA in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner.


id: cord-284655-zemns7wd
author: Calvo-Pinilla, Eva
date: 2015-01-30
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4746
sentence: 157
flesch: 42
cache: cache/cord-284655-zemns7wd.txt
txt: txt/cord-284655-zemns7wd.txt
title:
  Antiserum from mice vaccinated with modified vaccinia Ankara virus expressing African horse sickness virus (AHSV) VP2 provides protection when it is administered 48 h before, or 48 h after challenge

summary:
  More recently, cell-mediated immune responses have also been observed in interferon alpha receptor gene knock-out mice (IFNAR À/À) after vaccination with single MVA recombinant viruses expressing AHSV VP2 or NS1 (de la Poza et al., 2013) . AHSV-4 (Madrid/87) (AHSV-4) was grown in Vero cells and MVA viruses grown in DF-1 cells.


id: cord-329642-5t8yuq4v
author: Takano, Tomomi
title: Effect of chloroquine on feline infectious peritonitis virus infection in vitro and in vivo
date: 2013-05-03
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4264
sentence: 188
flesch: 52
cache: cache/cord-329642-5t8yuq4v.txt
txt: txt/cord-329642-5t8yuq4v.txt
summary:
  In contrast, no significant inhibitory effect was noted in cells with Post treatment, and the treatment of FIPV-infected monocytes collected from FIP cats with chloroquine did not change FIPV N gene expression, suggesting that the treatment of cells already infected with FIPV with chloroquine induces no antiviral effect. Focus on recent advancements Natural history of a recurrent feline coronavirus infection and the role of cellular immunity in survival and disease Disposition of chloroquine in man after single intravenous and oral doses Karnofsky's score modified for cats A study on the mechanism of antibody-dependent enhancement of feline infectious peritonitis virus infection in feline macrophages by monoclonal antibodies Enhancement and neutralization of feline infectious peritonitis virus infection in feline macrophages by neutralizing monoclonal antibodies recognizing different epitopes Synergistic antiviral effect of Galanthus nivalis agglutinin and nelfinavir against feline coronavirus Chloroquine inhibits production of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6 from lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human monocytes/macrophages by different modes Chloroquine inhibits proinflammatory cytokine release into human whole blood Potent inhibition of feline coronaviruses with peptidyl compounds targeting coronavirus 3C-like protease Inhibition of human coronavirus 229E infection in human epithelial lung cells (L132) by chloroquine: involvement of p38 MAPK and ERK A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome A randomized, double-blind, 24-week controlled study of low-dose cyclosporine versus chloroquine for early rheumatoid arthritis Effect of chloroquine phosphate treatment on serum MMP-9 and TIMP-1 levels in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus Human coronavirus EMC does not require the SARScoronavirus receptor and maintains broad replicative capability in mammalian cell lines Reduction of immune activation with chloroquine therapy during chronic HIV infection Monoclonal antibodies to the spike protein of feline infectious peritonitis virus mediate antibody-dependent enhancement of infection of feline macrophages Chloroquine administration does not prevent Nipah virus infection and disease in ferrets A review of feline infectious peritonitis virus infection: 1963-2008 Immunologic phenomena in the effusive form of feline infectious peritonitis Activation of p38 MAPK by feline infectious peritonitis virus regulates pro-inflammatory cytokine production in primary blood-derived feline mononuclear cells Effect of feline interferon-omega on the survival time and quality of life of cats with feline infectious peritonitis Effects of chloroquine on viral infections: an old drug against today's diseases?


id: cord-297072-f5lmstyn
author: Struck, Anna-Winona
date: 2012-01-16
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5112
sentence: 199
flesch: 53
cache: cache/cord-297072-f5lmstyn.txt
txt: txt/cord-297072-f5lmstyn.txt
title:
  A hexapeptide of the receptor-binding domain of SARS corona virus spike protein blocks viral entry into host cells via the human receptor ACE2

summary:
  Residues of the spike protein (S) Amino acid sequence well as the association and dissociation rates of ligands interacting with protein receptors. A concentration dependent SPR affinity plot was performed with 110 fmol of receptor protein immobilized.


id: cord-310469-v4p01rze
author: Livonesi, Márcia Cristina
title: In vitro and in vivo studies of the Interferon-alpha action on distinct Orthobunyavirus
date: 2007-02-28
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4277
sentence: 149
flesch: 49
cache: cache/cord-310469-v4p01rze.txt
txt: txt/cord-310469-v4p01rze.txt
summary:
  This system is able to block the spread of virus infection in the body, sometimes at the expense of accelerating the death of the infected cells. IFN-␣ treatment initiated 24 h after infection did not inhibit replication of GROV in the brain tissue of mice.


id: cord-295470-mua0qvst
author: Cui, Zhanding
date: 2020-06-21
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3819
sentence: 157
flesch: 56
cache: cache/cord-295470-mua0qvst.txt
txt: txt/cord-295470-mua0qvst.txt
title:
  Nitazoxanide Protects Cats from Feline Calicivirus Infection and Acts Synergistically with Mizoribine in vitro

summary:
  TCID 50 values were measured after 28 h. (B) Relative RT-qPCR was used to assess changes in gene levels of different FCV strains. The discovery of effective antiviral agents to treat FCV infection is, therefore, gradually assuming increased importance.


id: cord-298166-045evk7g
author: Röcker, Annika E.
title: The molecular tweezer CLR01 inhibits Ebola and Zika virus infection
date: 2018-02-08
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5846
sentence: 237
flesch: 49
cache: cache/cord-298166-045evk7g.txt
txt: txt/cord-298166-045evk7g.txt
summary:
  Detection of Zika virus in semen Safety and pharmacological characterization of the molecular tweezer CLR01-a broad-spectrum inhibitor of amyloid proteins' toxicity Protection of primary neurons and mouse brain from Alzheimer's pathology by molecular tweezers A screen of FDA-approved drugs for inhibitors of Zika virus infection Lipid raft microdomains Combating emerging viral threats The HIV lipidome: a raft with an unusual composition Drug Selectivity: an Evolving Concept in Medicinal Chemistry Guillain-Barré Syndrome outbreak associated with Zika virus infection in French Polynesia: a case-control study Ebola Outbreak in West Africa -Case Counts Retroviruses human immunodeficiency virus and murine leukemia virus are enriched in phosphoinositides Virus entry, assembly, budding, and membrane rafts. As no preventive vaccines or antiviral drugs against these two re-emerging pathogens are available, we evaluated whether the molecular tweezer CLR01 may inhibit EBOV and ZIKV infection.


id: cord-329959-4yecwdlo
author: Lin, Min-Han
title: Disulfiram can inhibit MERS and SARS coronavirus papain-like proteases via different modes
date: 2017-12-28
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5597
sentence: 189
flesch: 46
cache: cache/cord-329959-4yecwdlo.txt
txt: txt/cord-329959-4yecwdlo.txt
summary:
  Next, we evaluated PL pro inhibition in the presence of disulfiram combined with 6TG and/or MPA by proteolytic assays using a peptidyl substrate. The observed inactivation rate constants (k inact ) from panel B were replotted against disulfiram concentration.


id: cord-271638-0wsyl7vk
author: Li, Wenmiao
date: 2020-03-09
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 7485
sentence: 315
flesch: 53
cache: cache/cord-271638-0wsyl7vk.txt
txt: txt/cord-271638-0wsyl7vk.txt
title:
  Inhibition of herpes simplex virus by myricetin through targeting viral gD protein and cellular EGFR/PI3K/Akt pathway

summary:
  2C and E, myricetin treatment (20 μM) during adsorption significantly decreased the fluorescence of ICP5 protein on cell surface, compared to that in non-treated virus control cells, suggesting that myricetin may block virus adsorption process of HSV. RNA levels for non-treated virus control cells (HSV) were assigned values of 1.0.


id: cord-284076-087oltss
author: Patel, Deendayal
date: 2007-10-04
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 7779
sentence: 317
flesch: 50
cache: cache/cord-284076-087oltss.txt
txt: txt/cord-284076-087oltss.txt
title:
  Peptide-conjugated morpholino oligomers inhibit porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus replication

summary:
  PPMO sequences and target site locations in the PRRSV genome are specified in Table 1 and depicted schematically in Fig. Pairs of DNA oligonucleotides corresponding to PPMO target sequence in PRRSV were duplexed and subcloned upstream of luciferase coding sequence in a T7 promoter-containing reporter plasmid, pCiNeoLuc, as described previously (Zhang et al., 2006) .


id: cord-297531-et1sli23
author: Du, Ruikun
title: A novel glycoprotein D-specific monoclonal antibody neutralizes herpes simplex virus
date: 2017-10-20
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 6744
sentence: 280
flesch: 48
cache: cache/cord-297531-et1sli23.txt
txt: txt/cord-297531-et1sli23.txt
summary:
  Viruses were propagated in Vero cells and cell lysate stocks were prepared as previously described (Morrison and Knipe, 1996) . Virus titers were determined in Vero cells (Navarro et al., 1992) .


id: cord-316624-bqaqhp3m
author: Sui, Xiuwen
date: 2009-10-30
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 3744
sentence: 151
flesch: 50
cache: cache/cord-316624-bqaqhp3m.txt
txt: txt/cord-316624-bqaqhp3m.txt
title:
  Antiviral effect of diammonium glycyrrhizinate and lithium chloride on cell infection by pseudorabies herpesvirus

summary:
  key: cord-316624-bqaqhp3m authors: Sui, Xiuwen; Yin, Jiechao; Ren, Xiaofeng title: Antiviral effect of diammonium glycyrrhizinate and lithium chloride on cell infection by pseudorabies herpesvirus date: 2009-10-30 journal: Virus plaque-reduction assays, PCR and RT-PCR analysis indicated that both drugs inhibited cell infection by PrV.


id: cord-278876-il7g78w1
author: Akkina, Ramesh
title: 2016 International meeting of the Global Virus Network
date: 2017-03-16
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 7545
sentence: 267
flesch: 31
cache: cache/cord-278876-il7g78w1.txt
txt: txt/cord-278876-il7g78w1.txt
summary:
  Hideki Hasegawa, a GVN center director at the National Institute of Infectious Diseases in Tokyo, explained that secretory IgA antibodies on mucosal surfaces play an important role in protection against influenza virus infection. Such studies will make it possible to assess the role of additional effector mechanism in protecting against influenza virus infection and to evaluate the importance of reducing the immunodominance of the variable HA head domain.


id: cord-348401-x2q9vyf2
author: Millet, Jean K.
title: Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection is inhibited by griffithsin
date: 2016-07-15
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4592
sentence: 186
flesch: 49
cache: cache/cord-348401-x2q9vyf2.txt
txt: txt/cord-348401-x2q9vyf2.txt
summary:
  Acute myocarditis associated with novel middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus Activation of the SARS coronavirus spike protein via sequential proteolytic cleavage at two distinct sites Mechanisms of coronavirus cell entry mediated by the viral spike protein Crystal structure of the receptor-binding domain from newly emerged middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus Molecular basis of binding between novel human coronavirus MERS-CoV and its receptor CD26 Griffithsin has antiviral activity against hepatitis C virus Host cell entry of middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus after two-step, furin-mediated activation of the spike protein Isolation and characterization of Griffithsin, a novel HIV-inactivating protein, from the red alga Griffithsia sp Monomerization of viral entry inhibitor griffithsin elucidates the relationship between multivalent binding to carbohydrates and anti-HIV activity Growth of human hepatoma cells lines with differentiated functions in chemically defined medium Griffithsin protects mice from genital herpes by preventing cell-to-cell spread Broad-spectrum in vitro activity and in vivo efficacy of the antiviral protein Griffithsin against emerging viruses of the family Coronaviridae Characterization of functional hepatitis C virus envelope glycoproteins The carbohydratebinding plant lectins and the non-peptidic antibiotic pradimicin A target the glycans of the coronavirus envelope glycoproteins Domain-swapped structure of the potent antiviral protein griffithsin and its mode of carbohydrate binding This work was supported by the French National Agency for Research (ANR, ANR-14-CE15-0008) (KS, JD, and SB). In condition c, griffithsin was added cells (DAPI nuclei stain) and S-positive cells (infected cells).


id: cord-329494-cdn52epy
author: Artuso, María C.
title: Inhibition of Junín virus replication by small interfering RNAs
date: 2009-07-08
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4784
sentence: 151
flesch: 39
cache: cache/cord-329494-cdn52epy.txt
txt: txt/cord-329494-cdn52epy.txt
summary:
  JUNV is an enveloped, single stranded, ambisense RNA virus with a segmented genome consisting of two segments, designated large (L) and small (S). Role for a bidentate ribonuclease in the initiation step of RNA interference An arenavirus RING (zincbinding) protein binds the oncoprotein promyelocyte leukemia protein (PML) and relocates PML nuclear bodies to the cytoplasm The lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus RING protein Z associates with eukaryotic initiation factor 4E and selectively represses translation in a RING-dependent manner Antigenic relationships between attenuated and pathogenic strains of Junin virus Silencing E1A mRNA by RNA interference inhibits adenovirus replication Characterization of the arenavirus RING finger Z protein regions required for Z-mediated inhibition of viral RNA synthesis RING finger Z protein of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) inhibits transcription and RNA replication of an LCMV S-segment minigenome Treatment of arenavirus infections: from basic studies to the challenge of antiviral therapy The first targeted delivery of siRNA in humans via a selfassembling, cyclodextrin polymer-based nanoparticle: from concept to clinic The proline-rich homeodomain (PRH/HEX) protein is down-regulated in liver during infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus Functional anatomy of siRNA for mediating efficient RNAi in Drosophila melanogaster embryo lysate Inhibition of Marburg virus protein expression and viral release by RNA interference Differential inhibitory action of two azoic compounds against arenaviruses Arenavirus Z protein as an antiviral target: virus inactivation and protein oligomerization by zinc finger-reactive compounds Poliovirus escape from RNA interference: short interfering RNA-target recognition and implications for therapeutic approaches An RNA-directed nuclease mediates post-transcriptional gene silencing in Drosophila cells Unlocking the potential of the human genome with RNA interference A cellular function for the RNA-interference enzyme Dicer in the maturation of the let-7 small temporal RNA Selective silencing of viral gene expression in HPV-positive human cervical carcinoma cells treated with siRNA, a primer of RNA interference RNA interference: from gene silencing to genespecific therapeutics Combination of small interfering RNA and lamivudine on inhibition of human B virus replication in HepG2.2.15 cells RNA interference effectively inhibits mRNA accumulation and protein expression of hepatitis C virus core and E2 genes in human cells Transcription and RNA replication of Tacaribe virus genome and antigenome analogs require N and L proteins: Z protein is an inhibitor


id: cord-288146-xqxznv1r
author: Kohyama, Shunsuke
date: 2009-09-11
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 6169
sentence: 224
flesch: 49
cache: cache/cord-288146-xqxznv1r.txt
txt: txt/cord-288146-xqxznv1r.txt
title:
  Efficient induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-associated coronavirus by immunization with surface-linked liposomal peptides derived from a non-structural polyprotein 1a

summary:
  Here, we attempted to identify HLA-A*0201-restricted CTL epitopes derived from a non-structural polyprotein 1a (pp1a) of SARS-CoV, and investigated whether liposomal peptides derived from pp1a were effective for CTL induction. In the case of immunization with liposomal peptides, mice were subcutaneously (s.c.) immunized once or several times at one-week intervals with each of (Rammensee et al., 1999) at http://www.syfpeithi.de/. b Peptide binding scores to HLA-A2.1 were determined by the BIMAS database (Parker et al., 1994) at http://www-bimas.cit.nih.gov/molbio/hla bind/. c Data of peptide binding assays are shown as BL50, indicating a concentration of each peptide that yields the half-maximal MFI of T2 cells pulsed with a control peptide, NS3-1585.


id: cord-295421-zy517zwr
author: Xu, Jinfang
date: 2014-06-26
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4447
sentence: 175
flesch: 44
cache: cache/cord-295421-zy517zwr.txt
txt: txt/cord-295421-zy517zwr.txt
title:
  Swine interferon-induced transmembrane protein, sIFITM3, inhibits foot-and-mouth disease virus infection in vitro and in vivo

summary:
  To determine the infection step specifically disrupted by sIFITM3, we first examined whether O/ES/2001 attachment and entry could be blocked by ectopic expression of sIFITM3 in BHK cells, with regard to the successive steps of virus infection. More importantly, IFITM3 is a potent antiviral effector against a number of viruses infection (Anafu et al., 2013; Brass et al., 2009; Jiang et al., 2010) .


id: cord-298938-xemarhlv
author: Goswami, Biswendu B.
date: 2004-04-07
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 7468
sentence: 257
flesch: 43
cache: cache/cord-298938-xemarhlv.txt
txt: txt/cord-298938-xemarhlv.txt
title:
  Apoptosis induced by a cytopathic hepatitis A virus is dependent on caspase activation following ribosomal RNA degradation but occurs in the absence of 2′–5′ oligoadenylate synthetase

summary:
  However, phosphorylated STAT 1, a key regulator of interferon-stimulated gene transcription was not detected in virus infected cells. key: cord-298938-xemarhlv authors: Goswami, Biswendu B.; Kulka, Michael; Ngo, Diana; Cebula, Thomas A. title: Apoptosis induced by a cytopathic hepatitis A virus is dependent on caspase activation following ribosomal RNA degradation but occurs in the absence of 2′–5′ oligoadenylate synthetase date: 2004-04-07 journal: Antiviral Res DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2004.02.004 sha: doc_id: 298938 cord_uid: xemarhlv We have presented previously evidence that the cytopathogenic 18f strain of hepatitis A virus (HAV) induced degradation of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in infected cells [Arch.


id: cord-336517-v7z62tld
author: Chu, Hsu-Feng
date: 2018-08-20
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5219
sentence: 185
flesch: 48
cache: cache/cord-336517-v7z62tld.txt
txt: txt/cord-336517-v7z62tld.txt
title:
  Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus papain-like protease 2 can be noncompetitively inhibited by 6-thioguanine

summary:
  The coding sequence of the USA strain of PEDV PL2 pro Ubl and catalytic domain (GenBank accession number AHC03501.1; polyprotein residues 1630-1922) was full-gene synthesized (Genomics Co., Taiwan). Like other coronaviral PL pro s, PEDV PL2 pro is not only a deubiquitinating (DUB) protease but also a multifunctional protein which plays a role in regulating host antiviral immune response (Chaudhuri et al., 2011; Clementz et al., 2010; Mielech et al., 2014; Xing et al., 2013; Zheng et al., 2008) .


id: cord-312688-12san3m7
author: Martin, Baptiste
date: 2016-09-14
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 10232
sentence: 308
flesch: 36
cache: cache/cord-312688-12san3m7.txt
txt: txt/cord-312688-12san3m7.txt
title:
  Filovirus proteins for antiviral drug discovery: A structure/function analysis of surface glycoproteins and virus entry

summary:
  Côt e et al., 2011; Kolokoltsov et al., 2012; Lee et al., 2013; Shoemaker et al., 2013; Basu et al., 2015) GP2 inhibitors compound 7 (Basu et al., 2011) Several compounds have been described targeting NPC1, such as U18666A, imipramine, cathionic amphiphiles Ro48-8071 and the terconazole adamantane class of compounds like benzylpiperazine adamantane diamides 3.47 and 3.0, or the lately discovered sulfonamide derivative MBX2254 and the triazole thioether derivative MBX2270 (Rodriguez-Lafrasse et al., 1990; Cenedella, 2009; Côt e et al., 2011; Lee et al., 2013; Shoemaker et al., 2013; Basu et al., 2015) .


id: cord-285505-8norumv6
author: Vere Hodge, R. Anthony
title: Meeting report: 27th International conference on antiviral research, in Raleigh, NC, USA
date: 2014-09-16
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 10298
sentence: 521
flesch: 57
cache: cache/cord-285505-8norumv6.txt
txt: txt/cord-285505-8norumv6.txt
summary:
  These are followed by brief summaries of the keynote addresses and the three mini-symposia on ''Hepatitis B virus'', ''Research Triangle Park'' and ''Challenges in HIV infection, treatment and prevention''. Although this patient continues to have no sign of HIV infection, this is hardly a viable treatment option for most HIV-infected patients.


id: cord-299224-7jgmxtzd
author: Zhu, Qingyuan
date: 2020-09-17
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5790
sentence: 226
flesch: 45
cache: cache/cord-299224-7jgmxtzd.txt
txt: txt/cord-299224-7jgmxtzd.txt
title:
  A synthetic STING agonist inhibits the replication of Human Parainfluenza Virus 3 and Rhinovirus 16 through distinct mechanisms

summary:
  In summary, although these results confirmed that the antiviral activity of STING agonist diABZI is dependent on STING expression, the antiviral mechanisms against PIV and HRV infections engaged upon STING activation may differ. Compared to the 2µM half-maximal effective concentration (EC 50 ) value of ABZI, diABZI showed a much higher potency, with an EC 50 value of 0.013 µM. In contrast, there was no induction of IRF reporter in STING KO THP-1 cells, which confirmed that the IRF pathway activation induced by the ABZI compounds is J o u r n a l P r e -p r o


id: cord-299964-sn5o3ugb
author: Xue, Qiao
date: 2018-11-05
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4082
sentence: 176
flesch: 51
cache: cache/cord-299964-sn5o3ugb.txt
txt: txt/cord-299964-sn5o3ugb.txt
title:
  Seneca Valley Virus 3C protease negatively regulates the type I interferon pathway by acting as a viral deubiquitinase

summary:
  Therefore, the three mutants, namely the single-site mutants H48A or C160A, and the doublesites mutants H48A/C160A (3Cdm) (Xue et al., 2018) , were used to confirm whether the Cys and His residues are involved in the DUB activity of SVV 3C pro . Taken together, these results indicate that the catalytic Cys and His residues of SVV 3C pro are required for its DUB activity.


id: cord-292830-gcfx1095
author: Ianevski, Aleksandr
title: Novel activities of safe-in-human broad-spectrum antiviral agents
date: 2018-04-23
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5527
sentence: 213
flesch: 38
cache: cache/cord-292830-gcfx1095.txt
txt: txt/cord-292830-gcfx1095.txt
summary:
  300 μL PBS was added to each well and the plate was analyzed in the Trophos plate runner HD (Trophos, Roche Group) to count the number of virus infected cells per well, by identifying all individual cells expressing the far-red fluorescent protein Katushka (Islam et al., 2018) . Combating emerging viral threats Anticancer kinase inhibitors impair intracellular viral trafficking and exert broad-spectrum antiviral effects Statins in HIV-infected patients: potential beneficial effects and clinical use Use of FDA approved therapeutics with hNTCP metabolic inhibitory properties to impair the HDV lifecycle Broad-spectrum agents for flaviviral infections: dengue, Zika and beyond Inhibition of autophagy limits vertical transmission of Zika virus in pregnant mice Treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir or interferon-beta1b improves outcome of MERS-CoV infection in a nonhuman primate model of common marmoset Clinical Trial Resources Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 333 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study Curious (old and new) antiviral nucleoside analogues with intriguing therapeutic potential Approved antiviral drugs over the past 50 years Alisporivir inhibits MERS-and SARS-coronavirus replication in cell culture, but not SARS-coronavirus infection in a mouse model The future of antivirals: broad-spectrum inhibitors Chikungunya disease and chloroquine treatment Chloroquine, an endocytosis blocking agent, inhibits Zika virus infection in different cell models Obatoclax, saliphenylhalamide, and gemcitabine inhibit influenza a virus infection Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 328 diseases and injuries for 195 countries, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study Zika virus infection with prolonged maternal viremia and fetal brain abnormalities Infectious disease.


id: cord-337645-t6py0oyw
author: Yin, Jiechao
date: 2010-10-14
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 4760
sentence: 189
flesch: 43
cache: cache/cord-337645-t6py0oyw.txt
txt: txt/cord-337645-t6py0oyw.txt
title:
  Cholesterol is important for a post-adsorption step in the entry process of transmissible gastroenteritis virus

summary:
  The role of lipid microdomains in virus biology Human coronavirus 229E binds to CD13 in rafts and enters the cell through caveolae Plasma membrane rafts play a critical role in HIV-1 assembly and release Association of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gag with membrane does not require highly basic sequences in the nucleocapsid: use of a novel Gag multimerization assay Importance of cholesterol for infection of cells by transmissible gastroenteritis virus Cholesterol dependence of Pseudorabies Herpesvirus entry Transmissible gastroenteritis and porcine respiratory coronavirus Targeted recombination demonstrates that the spike gene of transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus is a determinant of its enteric tropism and virulence Binding of transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus to cell surface sialoglycoproteins Binding of transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus to brush border membrane sialoglycoproteins Role of spike protein endodomains in regulating coronavirus entry Cholesterol, lipid rafts, and disease Lipid rafts and signal transduction How viruses enter animal cells Coronaviruses: structure and genome expression Role for influenza virus envelope cholesterol in virus entry and infection Mechanisms of transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus neutralization Virus infection and lipid rafts Requirements for CEACAMs and cholesterol during murine coronavirus cell entry Tropism of human adenovirus type 5-based vectors in swine and their ability to protect against transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus Immunogenicity of the S protein of transmissible gastroenteritis virus expressed in baculovirus National Natural Science Foundation of China (30700591) to J.Y. National Natural Science Foundation of China (30700590; 30972195), Though the effect of cholesterol depletion on virus infectivity cannot be explained by the lipid raft concept, it is evident that cholesterol is important for virus entry.


id: cord-314833-6fue84x6
author: Chang, Chung-ke
title: The SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid protein – Forms and functions
date: 2014-01-11
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 9469
sentence: 289
flesch: 38
cache: cache/cord-314833-6fue84x6.txt
txt: txt/cord-314833-6fue84x6.txt
summary:
  Although the model provided a general overview of coronavirus N protein structure at the time, it lacked the necessary details to provide a clear picture of the structure-function relationship of the protein. There have been several excellent reviews on the coronavirus N protein (Laude and Masters, 1995; Masters, 2006) , including one on SARS-CoV N protein (Surjit and Lal, 2008) .


id: cord-332952-d5l60cgc
title: MERS: Progress on the global response, remaining challenges and the way forward
date: 2018-09-17
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 5562
sentence: 113
flesch: 13
cache: cache/cord-332952-d5l60cgc.txt
txt: txt/cord-332952-d5l60cgc.txt
summary:
  The prevalence of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) antibodies in dromedary camels in Israel Sero-prevalence of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) specific antibodies in dromedary camels in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) coronavirus seroprevalence in domestic livestock in Saudi Arabia Seroepidemiology of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus in Saudi Arabia (1993) and Australia (2014) and characterisation of assay specificity Longitudinal study of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus infection in dromedary camel herds in Saudi Arabia epidemiological findings from a retrospective investigation Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: risk factors and determinants of primary, household, and nosocomial transmission Transmission of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infections in healthcare settings Clinical and laboratory findings of the first imported case of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus to the United States Cross-sectional study of MERS-CoV-specific RNA and antibodies in animals that have had contact with MERS patients in Saudi Arabia MERS outbreak in Korea: hospital-to-hospital transmission Extensive viable Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus contamination in air and surrounding environment in MERS outbreak units Risk factors for transmission of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection during the 2015 outbreak in South Korea Challenges of convalescent plasma infusion therapy in Middle East respiratory coronavirus infection: a single centre experience Influenza not MERS CoV among returning Hajj and Umrah pilgrims with respiratory illness Identification of diverse viruses in upper respiratory samples in dromedary camels from United Arab Emirates Real-time reverse transcription-PCR assay panel for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus No MERS-CoV but positive influenza viruses in returning Hajj pilgrims, China MERS coronavirus in dromedary camel herd, Saudi Arabia Lack of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus transmission from infected camels Acute respiratory infections in travelers returning from MERS-CoV-affected areas Etiology of severe community-acquired pneumonia during the 2013 Hajj-part of the MERS-CoV surveillance program Prevalence of MERS-CoV Nasal carriage and compliance with the Saudi health recommendations among pilgrims attending the 2013 Hajj Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) viral shedding in the respiratory tract: an observational analysis with infection control implications Antibodies against MERS coronavirus in dromedary camels Absence of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in Camelids Risk factors for MERS coronavirus infection in dromedary camels in Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, and Morocco A roadmap for MERS-CoV research and product development: report from a World Health Organization consultation Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) origin and animal reservoir Infectivity of an asymptomatic patient with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Epidemiological investigation of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in dromedary camel farms linked with human infection in Abu Dhabi Emirate Presence of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus antibodies in Saudi Arabia: a nationwide, cross-sectional, serological study MERS coronavirus neutralizing antibodies in camels Event based surveillance of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in Bangladesh among pilgrims and travelers from the Middle East: an update for the period High fatality rates and associated factors in two hospital outbreaks of MERS in Daejeon, the Republic of Korea Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in dromedary camels MERS-CoV outbreak in Jeddah -a link to health care facilities Group on MERS-cov Infection in Animals Infection with Coronavirus in Camels Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-cov) Case Definition for Reporting to OIE Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus vaccines: current status and novel approaches A family cluster of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus infections related to a likely unrecognized asymptomatic or mild case Zoonotic origin and transmission of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the UAE Epidemiological investigation of MERS-CoV spread in a single hospital in South Korea Seroepidemiology for MERS coronavirus using microneutralisation and pseudoparticle virus neutralisation assays reveal a high prevalence of antibody in dromedary camels in Egypt Seroepidemiology for MERS coronavirus using microneutralisation and pseudoparticle virus neutralisation assays reveal a high prevalence of antibody in dromedary camels in Egypt Isolation of MERS coronavirus from a dromedary camel Cross-sectional survey and surveillance for influenza viruses and MERS-CoV among Egyptian pilgrims returning from Hajj during 2012-2015 Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus neutralising serum antibodies in dromedary camels: a comparative serological study Specific serology for emerging human coronaviruses by protein microarray Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) serology in major livestock species in an affected region in Jordan Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus neutralising serum antibodies in dromedary camels: a comparative serological study Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) RNA and neutralising antibodies in milk collected according to local customs from dromedary camels Co-circulation of three camel coronavirus species and recombination of MERS-CoVs in Saudi Arabia Serologic evidence for MERS-CoV infection in dromedary camels Broad-spectrum antiviral GS-5734 inhibits both epidemic and zoonotic coronaviruses Lack of serological evidence of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in virus exposed camel abattoir workers in Nigeria Development and validation of a rapid immunochromatographic assay for detection of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus antigen in dromedary camels State of knowledge and data gaps of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in humans Influenza Aerosols in UK Hospitals during the H1N1 (2009) Pandemic -the Risk of Aerosol Generation during Medical Procedures Aerosol generating procedures and risk of transmission of acute respiratory infections to healthcare workers: a systematic review Stability of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) under different environmental conditions High prevalence of Middle East respiratory coronavirus in young dromedary camels in Jordan. Surveillance and testing for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, Saudi Arabia Infection, replication, and transmission of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in alpacas Early identification of pneumonia patients at increased risk of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in Saudi Arabia Response to emergence of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Hospital-associated outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: a serologic, epidemiologic, and clinical description Acute respiratory infections among returning Hajj pilgrims-Jordan Infectious MERS-CoV isolated from a mildly Ill patient, Saudi Arabia The critical care response to a hospital outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection: an observational study A case of long-term excretion and subclinical infection with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in a healthcare worker The calm before the storm: clinical observations of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) patients A cohort-study of patients suspected for MERS-CoV in a referral hospital in Saudi Arabia Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in dromedary camels in Saudi Arabia Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus antibody reactors among camels in Dubai ChAdOx1 and MVA based vaccine candidates against MERS-CoV elicit neutralising antibodies and cellular immune responses in mice Cross-sectional surveillance of Middle East R MERS-CoV) in dromedary camels and other mammals in Egypt Systematic, active surveillance for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in camels in Egypt Association between Australian Hajj Pilgrims' awareness of MERS-CoV, and their compliance with preventive measures and exposure to camels Unusual presentation of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus leading to a large outbreak in Riyadh during 2017 High prevalence of common respiratory viruses and no evidence of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus in Hajj pilgrims returning to Ghana Critically Ill patients with the Middle East respiratory syndrome: a multicenter retrospective cohort study Middle East respiratory syndrome Corticosteroid therapy for critically Ill patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome Corticosteroid Therapy for Critically Ill Patients with the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus antibodies in dromedary camels Hospital outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Active screening and surveillance in the United Kingdom for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in returning travellers and pilgrims from the Middle East: a prospective descriptive study for the period 2013-2015 Evidence for camel-to-human transmission of MERS coronavirus Description of a hospital outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome in a large tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia Viral respiratory infections among Hajj pilgrims in 2013 Environmental contamination and viral shedding in MERS patients during MERS-CoV outbreak in South Korea Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus quasispecies that include homologues of human Isolates revealed through wholegenome analysis and virus cultured from dromedary camels in Saudi Arabia Geographic distribution of MERS coronavirus among dromedary camels MERS-CoV infection of alpaca in a region where MERS-CoV is endemic MERS coronaviruses in dromedary camels Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in dromedary camels in Nigeria MERS coronaviruses from camels in Africa exhibit region-dependent genetic diversity Detection of a novel human coronavirus by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction Assays for laboratory confirmation of novel human coronavirus (hCoV-EMC) infections Antibodies against MERS coronavirus in dromedary camels Experimental infection and response to rechallenge of alpacas with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus specific antibodies in naturally exposed Israeli llamas, alpacas and camels Serological Evidence of MERS-CoV Antibodies in Dromedary Camels (Camelus dromedaries) in Laikipia County Transmission of MERS-coronavirus in household contacts An observational, laboratory-based study of outbreaks of middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in Jeddah and Riyadh, kingdom of Saudi Arabia Toward developing a preventive MERS-CoV vaccine-report from a workshop organized by the Saudi Arabia Ministry of health and the international vaccine Institute Dromedary camels in northern Mali have high seropositivity to MERS-CoV FAO, 2014.


id: cord-336093-ic6q6ke8
author: Sun, Ying
date: 2014-02-11
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 6442
sentence: 214
flesch: 45
cache: cache/cord-336093-ic6q6ke8.txt
txt: txt/cord-336093-ic6q6ke8.txt
title:
  Yeast-based assays for the high-throughput screening of inhibitors of coronavirus RNA cap guanine-N7-methyltransferase

summary:
  It has been shown that the capping functions in yeast cells can be replaced by the cap-forming enzymes of mammals or DNA viruses (Ho et al., 2000; Saha et al., 1999 Saha et al., , 2003 , and we previously found that coronavirus nsp14 could replace yeast cap N7-MTase in vivo (Chen et al., 2009 (Chen et al., , 2013 . After incubation, yeast cells were collected and then ground in liquid nitrogen.


id: cord-316996-8yimrpaz
author: Nicholls, John M.
title: The use of sialidase therapy for respiratory viral infections
date: 2013-04-17
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 7357
sentence: 230
flesch: 33
cache: cache/cord-316996-8yimrpaz.txt
txt: txt/cord-316996-8yimrpaz.txt
summary:
  A review Deaths from bacterial pneumonia during 1918-19 influenza pandemic Diversity of the human erythrocyte membrane sialic acids in relation with blood groups The multiple roles of amphiregulin in human cancer Sialidase substrate specificity studies using chemoenzymatically synthesized sialosides containing C5-modified sialic acids DAS181 inhibits H5N1 influenza virus infection of human lung tissues Advances in the biology and chemistry of sialic acids Treatment of parainfluenza 3 infection with DAS181 in a patient after allogeneic stem cell transplantation The release of N-acetyl-and N-glycolloyl-neuraminic acid from soluble complex carbohydrates and erythrocytes by bacterial, viral and mammalian sialidases The specificity of viral and bacterial sialidases for alpha(2-3)-and alpha(2-6)-linked sialic acids in glycoproteins Metabolism of vertebrate amino sugars with N-glycolyl groups: resistance of alpha2-8-linked N-glycolylneuraminic acid to enzymatic cleavage DAS181 treatment of severe parainfluenza type 3 pneumonia in a lung transplant recipient On the relationship between the indicator profile and prosthetic group of mucoproteins inhibitory for influenza virus haemagglutinin The Ashwell receptor mitigates the lethal coagulopathy of sepsis Effects of hexose starvation and the role of sialic acid in influenza virus release Unveiling the burden of influenza-associated pneumococcal pneumonia Structural and functional studies of Streptococcus pneumoniae neuraminidase B: an intramolecular trans-sialidase Clinical potential of DAS181 for treatment of parainfluenza-3 infections in transplant recipients Clinical and microbiological features of subjects with adult periodontitis who responded poorly to scaling and root planing 4-O-acetyl-N-acetylneuraminic acid in the N-linked carbohydrate structures of equine and guinea pig alpha 2-macroglobulins, potent inhibitors of influenza virus infection The animal sialyltransferases and sialyltransferase-related genes: a phylogenetic approach Sialidasebased anti-influenza virus therapy protects against secondary pneumococcal infection The viral sigma1 protein and glycoconjugates containing alpha2-3-linked sialic acid are involved in type 1 reovirus adherence to M cell apical surfaces Airborne transmission of influenza A/ H5N1 virus between ferrets Polysialylation of NCAM Experimental adaptation of an influenza H5 HA confers respiratory droplet transmission to a reassortant H5 HA/H1N1 virus in ferrets Influenza virus primes mice for pneumonia from Staphylococcus aureus Toll-like receptor 2 mediates fatal immunopathology in mice during treatment of secondary pneumococcal pneumonia following influenza Features and applications of bacterial sialidases O-acetylation of sialic acids A safety evaluation of DAS181, a sialidase fusion protein, in rodents Sialic acid-specific lectins: occurrence, specificity and function Binding of viral attachment protein to host-cell receptor: the Achilles heel of infectious viruses The recognition event between virus and host cell receptor: a target for antiviral agents Novel inhibitor design for hemagglutinin against H1N1 influenza virus by core hopping method Limit dilution analysis of peripheral blood T lymphocytes specific to periodontopathic bacteria Sialidase fusion protein as a novel broad-spectrum inhibitor of influenza virus infection Pneumococcal neuraminidases A and B both have essential roles during infection of the respiratory tract and sepsis Investigation of 9-O-acetylated sialoglycoconjugates in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia Recombinant influenza C hemagglutininesterase as a probe for sialic acid 9-O-acetylation Neuraminidase is important for the initiation of influenza virus infection in human airway epithelium Influenza enhances susceptibility to natural acquisition of and disease due to Streptococcus pneumoniae in ferrets A recombinant sialidase fusion protein effectively inhibits human parainfluenza viral infection in vitro and in vivo Entry of parainfluenza virus into cells as a target for interrupting childhood respiratory disease A Phase II study of DAS181, a novel host directed antiviral for the treatment of influenza infection Proposed lead molecules against Hemagglutinin of avian influenza virus (H5N1) Invasive pneumococcal disease and pandemic (H1N1) The structure of Clostridium perfringens NanI sialidase and its catalytic intermediates Sialic acid receptor detection in the human respiratory tract: evidence for widespread distribution of potential binding sites for human and avian influenza viruses Comment on: concerns of using sialidase fusion protein as an experimental drug to combat seasonal and pandemic influenza Sialoadhesin -A macrophagerestricted marker of immunoregulation and inflammation Glycan terminator Restoration of specific myxovirus receptors to asialoerythrocytes by incorporation of sialic acid with pure sialyltransferases Variation in the presence of neuraminidase genes among Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates with identical sequence types Adherence of type I Streptococcus pneumoniae to tracheal epithelium of mice infected with influenza A/PR8 virus Convergent pathways for utilization of the amino sugars N-acetylglucosamine, N-acetylmannosamine, and N-acetylneuraminic acid by Escherichia coli Human parainfluenza virus type 3 HN-receptor interaction: effect of 4-guanidino-Neu5Ac2en on a neuraminidase-deficient variant Basis for the potent inhibition of influenza virus infection by equine and guinea pig alpha 2-macroglobulin Recognition of monovalent sialosides by influenza virus H3 hemagglutinin Amino acid change 335 E to K affects the sialic-acid-binding and neuraminidase activities of Urabe AM9 mumps virus hemagglutinin-neuraminidase glycoprotein Receptor determinants of human and animal influenza virus isolates: differences in receptor specificity of the H3 hemagglutinin based on species of origin Differential sensitivity of human, avian, and equine influenza A viruses to a glycoprotein inhibitor of infection: selection of receptor specific variants O-Acetylated sialic acids and their role in immune defense Chemistry and biology of the acylneuraminic acids Achievements and challenges of sialic acid research Amphiregulin: a bifunctional growth-modulating glycoprotein produced by the phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-treated human breast adenocarcinoma cell line MCF-7 A sialylated glycan microarray reveals novel interactions of modified sialic acids with proteins and viruses Minimal molecular constraints for respiratory droplet transmission of an avian-human H9N2 influenza A virus


id: cord-316503-wtmmewiz
author: Warren, Travis K.
title: Advanced morpholino oligomers: A novel approach to antiviral therapy
date: 2012-02-14
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 6829
sentence: 193
flesch: 27
cache: cache/cord-316503-wtmmewiz.txt
txt: txt/cord-316503-wtmmewiz.txt
summary:
  Deas et al., 2005; Holden et al., 2006; Kinney et al., 2005) . In rats, administration of 30 or 150 mg/kg of an anti-c-myc PPMO (containing an arginine-rich peptide) produced reduction in body weight and elevation of serum blood urea nitrogen and creatinine concentrations, changes not observed following dose-matched administration of an unconjugated version of this PMO (Amantana et al., 2007) .


id: cord-008716-38sqkh9m
author: Schmidt, Alexander C
title: Current research on respiratory viral infections: Third International Symposium
date: 2001-06-01
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 24777
sentence: 891
flesch: 38
cache: cache/cord-008716-38sqkh9m.txt
txt: txt/cord-008716-38sqkh9m.txt
summary:
  I. Isolation, properties and characterization Newly recognized myxoviruses from children with respiratory disease Growth on artificial medium of an agent associated with atypical pneumonia and its identification as PPLO Isolation and characterization of adenovirus 5 from the brain of an infant with fatal cerebral edema Respiratory viruses interfere with bacteriologic response to antibiotic in children with acute otitis media Parainfluenza Viruses Rational design of live-attenuated recombinant vaccine virus for human respiratory syncytial virus by reverse genetics Production of infectious human respiratory syncytial virus from cloned cDNA confirms an essential role for the transcription elongation factor from the 5% proximal open reading frame of the M2 mRNA in gene expression and provides a capability for vaccine development Recovery of viruses other than cytomegalovirus from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid Immunity to influenza in man Immunization of types four and seven adenoviruses by selective infection of the intestinal tract Respiratory viral infections in immunocompetent and immunocompromised persons Host responses to respiratory virus infection and immunization Satisfactorily attenuated and protective mutants derived from a partially attenuated cold-passaged respiratory syncytial virus mutant by introduction of additional attenuating mutations during chemical mutagenesis Recombinant human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) monoclonal antibody Fab is effective therapeutically when introduced directly into the lungs of RSV-infected mice The molecular basis of pneumococcal infection: a hypothesis Rehospitalization for respiratory illness in infants of less than 32 weeks' gestation Acute respiratory viral infections in ambulatory children of urban northeast Brazil Heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans are involved in adenovirus type 5 and 2-host cell interactions Comparison of rapid diagnostic techniques for respiratory syncytial and influenza A virus respiratory infections in young children Human parainfluenza virus type 3 (PIV3) expressing the hemagglutinin protein of measles virus provides a potential method for immunization against measles virus and PIV3 in early infancy Prolonged survival of pancreatic islet allografts mediated by adenovirus immunoregulatory transgenes Rapid diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infections in immunocompromised adults Mechanism of protective immunity against influenza virus infection in mice without antibodies Efficacy of a Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine against Acute Otitis Media. Respiratory virus infections in immunocompromised patients are characterized by persistence of viral infection, prolonged shedding of virus, a high rate of nosocomial acquisition, and a high frequency of pneumonia and death.


id: cord-020010-q58x6xb0
title: 19th ICAR Abstracts:
date: 2006-03-13
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
words: 46881
sentence: 1860
flesch: 40
cache: cache/cord-020010-q58x6xb0.txt
txt: txt/cord-020010-q58x6xb0.txt
summary:
  Although anti-inflammatory agents are not very active in vitro, it is thought that they might be efficacious in reducing any deleterious inflammatory response associated with virus infections such as SARS infections in humans. Although only BTCRB and BDCRB were inhibitors of the ATPase activity, two other compounds, dBDCRB and Cl4RB, inhibited virus replication in a plaque-reduction assay, thus indicating that those have a different mode of action.


# ent

id: cord-253825-d9borky8
sid: 19
eid: 5
type: ORG
entity:
  arbidol.net/robert-nikolaevich-glushkov.html arbidol.org/1973-4-arbidol-invented-way-to-the discovery.pdf arbidol.org/article1.html


