id	sid	eid	entity	type
spir-13532	1	1	#	CARDINAL
spir-13532	1	2	aoir2023	PERSON
spir-13532	1	3	24th	ORDINAL
spir-13532	1	4	annual	DATE
spir-13532	1	5	philadelphia	GPE
spir-13532	1	6	pa, usa / 18-21	ORG
spir-13532	1	7	apa	PERSON
spir-13532	1	8	m.	PERSON
spir-13532	1	9	divon t.	PERSON
spir-13532	1	10	m.	PERSON
spir-13532	1	11	d.	NORP
spir-13532	1	12	m., noordenbos	PERSON
spir-13532	1	13	b.	PERSON
spir-13532	1	14	r.	NORP
spir-13532	1	15	2023, november	DATE
spir-13532	3	1	2023	CARDINAL
spir-13532	3	2	24th	ORDINAL
spir-13532	3	3	annual	DATE
spir-13532	4	1	philadelphia	GPE
spir-13532	4	2	pa, usa:	ORG
spir-13532	4	3	aoir	PERSON
spir-13532	4	4	http://spir.aoir.org	ORG
spir-13532	6	1	siegen marloes geboers university of amsterdam	ORG
spir-13532	6	2	ukraine	GPE
spir-13532	6	3	february 2022	DATE
spir-13532	7	1	the first week	DATE
spir-13532	7	2	russia	GPE
spir-13532	7	3	friedmann 2022	DATE
spir-13532	8	1	russian-ukraine	NORP
spir-13532	8	2	1	CARDINAL
spir-13532	10	1	1	CARDINAL
spir-13532	12	1	thompson & biddle 2013	ORG
spir-13532	14	1	abidin &	ORG
spir-13532	14	2	2021	CARDINAL
spir-13532	14	3	2022	CARDINAL
spir-13532	14	4	2023	CARDINAL
spir-13532	14	5	rogers & giorgi 2023	ORG
spir-13532	17	1	2023	CARDINAL
spir-13532	18	1	boler & davis 2021	ORG
spir-13532	18	2	zulli & zulli 2021	ORG
spir-13532	19	1	2023	CARDINAL
spir-13532	19	2	noordenbos	PERSON
spir-13532	20	1	arkenbout & scherz 2022	ORG
spir-13532	21	1	boichak & hoskins 2022	ORG
spir-13532	22	1	earworms	PERSON
spir-13532	22	2	vizcaíno-verdú & abidin 2022	ORG
spir-13532	23	1	carson 2022	ORG
spir-13532	24	1	walter j. ong’s	PERSON
spir-13532	24	2	2022	CARDINAL
spir-13532	24	3	one	CARDINAL
spir-13532	25	1	russian	NORP
spir-13532	25	2	pro-ukrainian	NORP
spir-13532	26	1	first	ORDINAL
spir-13532	26	2	wardle & derakhshan 2017	ORG
spir-13532	26	3	woolley & howard 2019:	ORG
spir-13532	26	4	3	CARDINAL
spir-13532	27	1	second	ORDINAL
spir-13532	27	2	ukrainian	NORP
spir-13532	27	3	russian	NORP
spir-13532	27	4	two	CARDINAL
spir-13532	27	5	ukrainian	NORP
spir-13532	27	6	hardi	PERSON
spir-13532	27	7	ukraine	GPE
spir-13532	27	8	pro-russian	NORP
spir-13532	27	9	russia	GPE
spir-13532	28	1	third	ORDINAL
spir-13532	28	2	soviet	NORP
spir-13532	28	3	second	ORDINAL
spir-13532	28	4	russian	NORP
spir-13532	28	5	ukraine	GPE
spir-13532	29	1	fourth	ORDINAL
spir-13532	29	2	soviet	NORP
spir-13532	29	3	russian	NORP
spir-13532	30	1	fifth	ORDINAL
spir-13532	30	2	ukraine	GPE
spir-13532	31	1	abidin	PERSON
spir-13532	31	2	c. & kaye	PERSON
spir-13532	31	3	2021	CARDINAL
spir-13532	32	1	earworms	PERSON
spir-13532	33	1	j. wilson & d. de zeeuw	ORG
spir-13532	35	1	58	CARDINAL
spir-13532	36	1	amsterdam	GPE
spir-13532	36	2	c., & scherz	ORG
spir-13532	36	3	2022	CARDINAL
spir-13532	37	1	meme reader ii	PERSON
spir-13532	38	1	16	CARDINAL
spir-13532	40	1	bainotti	ORG
spir-13532	40	2	l. et al	PERSON
spir-13532	40	3	2021	CARDINAL
spir-13532	43	1	28.01.22	CARDINAL
spir-13532	44	1	o., & hoskins	ORG
spir-13532	44	2	a. 2022	PERSON
spir-13532	46	1	1-8	DATE
spir-13532	47	1	boler	ORG
spir-13532	47	2	e. 2021	PERSON
spir-13532	49	1	new york	GPE
spir-13532	50	1	m. 2023	PERSON
spir-13532	51	1	ukraine	GPE
spir-13532	52	1	36	CARDINAL
spir-13532	52	2	4	CARDINAL
spir-13532	52	3	carson	PERSON
spir-13532	52	4	2022	CARDINAL
spir-13532	54	1	https://www.cnet.com/culture/heres-why-tiktok-songs-are-stuck-in-your-head/	NORP
spir-13532	54	2	2022	CARDINAL
spir-13532	55	1	israeli	NORP
spir-13532	55	2	#	CARDINAL
spir-13532	56	1	c. arkenbout & l. scherz	ORG
spir-13532	57	1	meme reader ii	PERSON
spir-13532	59	1	amsterdam	GPE
spir-13532	60	1	friedmann	ORDINAL
spir-13532	60	2	2022	CARDINAL
spir-13532	62	1	e., & delavar-kasmai	ORG
spir-13532	62	2	d.	NORP
spir-13532	64	1	d. nguyen	PERSON
spir-13532	64	2	j. zeng	PERSON
spir-13532	64	3	b. mutsvairo	PERSON
spir-13532	66	1	power & society	ORG
spir-13532	67	1	w. s.j.	PERSON
spir-13532	67	2	1982	DATE
spir-13532	69	1	london	GPE
spir-13532	69	2	methuen	GPE
spir-13532	70	1	e. 2023	PERSON
spir-13532	74	1	4(1	CARDINAL
spir-13532	74	2	109	CARDINAL
spir-13532	75	1	https://doi.org/10.59547/26911566.4.1.07 primig	ORG
spir-13532	75	2	f.	PERSON
spir-13532	75	3	szabó	PERSON
spir-13532	75	4	h. d.	PERSON
spir-13532	75	5	2023	CARDINAL
spir-13532	76	1	russian	NORP
spir-13532	77	1	5, 1085149	DATE
spir-13532	78	1	rogers	PERSON
spir-13532	78	2	r., & giorgi	ORG
spir-13532	78	3	2023	CARDINAL
spir-13532	80	1	communication & society	ORG
spir-13532	80	2	1-19	CARDINAL
spir-13532	81	1	thompson	ORG
spir-13532	81	2	m., & biddle	ORG
spir-13532	81	3	2013	DATE
spir-13532	84	1	m. d., & noordenbos	PERSON
spir-13532	85	1	osint	PERSON
spir-13532	85	2	prokremlin propaganda	PERSON
spir-13532	86	1	ukraine	GPE
spir-13532	86	2	peter lang	PERSON
spir-13532	86	3	venturini	PERSON
spir-13532	86	4	t. 2022	ORG
spir-13532	88	1	culture & society	ORG
spir-13532	88	2	39(5	CARDINAL
spir-13532	88	3	61	CARDINAL
spir-13532	88	4	80	DATE
spir-13532	90	1	https://doi.org/10.1177/02632764211070962	PERSON
spir-13532	90	2	a., & abidin	ORG
spir-13532	90	3	2022	CARDINAL
spir-13532	92	1	16	CARDINAL
spir-13532	92	2	26	DATE
spir-13532	92	3	wardle	ORG
spir-13532	92	4	c. & derakhshan	ORG
spir-13532	92	5	2017	CARDINAL
spir-13532	94	1	council of europe	ORG
spir-13532	94	2	dgi(2017)09 woolley	PERSON
spir-13532	94	3	s.c. & howard	ORG
spir-13532	96	1	samuel woolley	PERSON
spir-13532	96	2	philip n. howard	PERSON
spir-13532	96	3	2017.11	CARDINAL
spir-13532	97	1	oxford	NORP
spir-13532	97	2	uk	GPE
spir-13532	99	1	zulli	NORP
spir-13532	99	2	d. & zulli	ORG
spir-13532	99	3	d.j. 2020	GPE
spir-13532	101	1	new media & society	ORG
spir-13532	101	2	https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444820983603	GPE
spir-13532	102	1	ukraine marcus	GPE
spir-13532	102	2	universität	GPE
spir-13532	102	3	tom divon	PERSON
spir-13532	102	4	the hebrew university of	ORG
spir-13532	102	5	jerusalem	GPE
spir-13532	102	6	ukraine	GPE
spir-13532	102	7	2022/23	CARDINAL
spir-13532	103	1	36.9 billion	CARDINAL
spir-13532	103	2	the first three months	DATE
spir-13532	103	3	2022	CARDINAL
spir-13532	103	4	chinese	NORP
spir-13532	104	1	2018	DATE
spir-13532	105	1	ukraine	GPE
spir-13532	106	1	richards	PERSON
spir-13532	106	2	2022	CARDINAL
spir-13532	107	1	https://wiki.digitalmethods.net/dmi/tiktok https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444820983603	ORG
spir-13532	108	1	bhandari & bimo	ORG
spir-13532	108	2	2022	CARDINAL
spir-13532	109	1	woolley & howard 2019:	ORG
spir-13532	109	2	3	CARDINAL
spir-13532	109	3	wardle & derakshan 2017	ORG
spir-13532	110	1	1	CARDINAL
spir-13532	110	2	2	CARDINAL
spir-13532	110	3	3	CARDINAL
spir-13532	111	1	dan et al	PERSON
spir-13532	111	2	2021	CARDINAL
spir-13532	113	1	wardle & derakhshan 2017	ORG
spir-13532	115	1	2020	DATE
spir-13532	120	1	q3	ORG
spir-13532	121	1	2018	DATE
spir-13532	123	1	ukraine	GPE
spir-13532	124	1	a month	DATE
spir-13532	124	2	300	CARDINAL
spir-13532	126	1	1995	DATE
spir-13532	126	2	eight	CARDINAL
spir-13532	126	3	derakshan	PERSON
spir-13532	126	4	2017	CARDINAL
spir-13532	126	5	1	CARDINAL
spir-13532	126	6	3	CARDINAL
spir-13532	127	1	zeng et al.	PERSON
spir-13532	127	2	2021	DATE
spir-13532	129	1	24	CARDINAL
spir-13532	129	2	2017	CARDINAL
spir-13532	129	3	three	CARDINAL
spir-13532	130	1	first	ORDINAL
spir-13532	130	2	michael jackson	PERSON
spir-13532	130	3	ukrainian	NORP
spir-13532	130	4	alex hook	PERSON
spir-13532	131	1	88	CARDINAL
spir-13532	131	2	wardle & derakshan 2017	ORG
spir-13532	131	3	ukrainian	NORP
spir-13532	132	1	second	ORDINAL
spir-13532	132	2	russian	NORP
spir-13532	132	3	wardle & derakshan 2017	ORG
spir-13532	133	1	ukrainian	NORP
spir-13532	133	2	russian	NORP
spir-13532	133	3	ukrainian	NORP
spir-13532	133	4	russian	NORP
spir-13532	133	5	february 24	DATE
spir-13532	133	6	13	CARDINAL
spir-13532	133	7	ukrainian	NORP
spir-13532	133	8	russian	NORP
spir-13532	134	1	64.6	CARDINAL
spir-13532	135	1	third	ORDINAL
spir-13532	135	2	100%	PERCENT
spir-13532	135	3	wardle & derakshan 2017	ORG
spir-13532	136	1	english	LANGUAGE
spir-13532	136	2	ukrainian	NORP
spir-13532	136	3	non-ukrainian	NORP
spir-13532	136	4	russian	NORP
spir-13532	138	1	five	CARDINAL
spir-13532	138	2	24.7	CARDINAL
spir-13532	138	3	ukraine	GPE
spir-13532	140	1	up to 88 million	MONEY
spir-13532	140	2	q3	ORG
spir-13532	140	3	russian	NORP
spir-13532	140	4	ukrainian	NORP
spir-13532	141	1	more than 1 billion	MONEY
spir-13532	141	2	monthly	DATE
spir-13532	141	3	27 september 2021	DATE
spir-13532	142	1	abidin	PERSON
spir-13532	142	2	c. & kaye	PERSON
spir-13532	142	3	2021	CARDINAL
spir-13532	143	1	earworms	PERSON
spir-13532	144	1	meme reader	ORG
spir-13532	145	1	2022	CARDINAL
spir-13532	146	1	bhandari, a. & bimo	ORG
spir-13532	146	2	s. 2022	ORG
spir-13532	151	1	dan	PERSON
spir-13532	151	2	paris	GPE
spir-13532	151	3	b.	PERSON
spir-13532	151	4	j.	PERSON
spir-13532	151	5	m., roozenbeek	PERSON
spir-13532	151	6	j., van der linden	ORG
spir-13532	151	7	s., & von sikorski	ORG
spir-13532	151	8	2021	CARDINAL
spir-13532	153	1	quarterly	DATE
spir-13532	153	2	98(3	CARDINAL
spir-13532	153	3	641-664	CARDINAL
spir-13532	153	4	davis	ORG
spir-13532	153	5	j. 2019	PERSON
spir-13532	155	1	a. 2022	PERSON
spir-13532	158	1	https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2022/mar/21/tiktok-algorithm-directs-users-tofake-news-about-ukraine-war-study-says jack	PERSON
spir-13532	160	1	data & society	ORG
spir-13532	160	2	3(22	CARDINAL
spir-13532	160	3	1094-1096	DATE
spir-13532	161	1	jeangène vilmer	PERSON
spir-13532	161	2	2018	DATE
spir-13532	162	1	the ministry for europe	ORG
spir-13532	162	2	https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2022/mar/21/tiktok-algorithm-directs-users-to-fake-news-about-ukraine-war-study-says	DATE
spir-13532	162	3	j.	PERSON
spir-13532	162	4	duguay, s. 2018	ORG
spir-13532	164	1	new media & society	ORG
spir-13532	164	2	20(3	CARDINAL
spir-13532	165	1	j. c.	PERSON
spir-13532	165	2	o., & hegelich	ORG
spir-13532	165	3	july	DATE
spir-13532	166	1	first	ORDINAL
spir-13532	167	1	12th	CARDINAL
spir-13532	167	2	257-266	CARDINAL
spir-13532	168	1	richards	PERSON
spir-13532	168	2	a. 2022	PERSON
spir-13532	169	1	180	CARDINAL
spir-13532	169	2	ukraine	GPE
spir-13532	169	3	24 february 2022	DATE
spir-13532	169	4	wayback	ORG
spir-13532	169	5	25	CARDINAL
spir-13532	169	6	2022	CARDINAL
spir-13532	169	7	wayback	ORG
spir-13532	170	1	27 september 2021	DATE
spir-13532	171	1	2017	CARDINAL
spir-13532	173	1	council of europe	ORG
spir-13532	173	2	dgi(2017)09	DATE
spir-13532	173	3	https://rm.coe.int/information-disorder-report-version-august-2018/16808c9c77 woolley	GPE
spir-13532	173	4	s.c. & howard	ORG
spir-13532	174	1	2017	CARDINAL
spir-13532	175	1	samuel woolley	PERSON
spir-13532	175	2	philip n. howard	PERSON
spir-13532	175	3	2017.11	CARDINAL
spir-13532	176	1	oxford	NORP
spir-13532	176	2	uk	GPE
spir-13532	178	1	zeng	PERSON
spir-13532	178	2	j., abidin	PERSON
spir-13532	178	3	m. s. 2021	PERSON
spir-13532	180	1	15	CARDINAL
spir-13532	180	2	3161-3172	CARDINAL
spir-13532	181	1	https://newsroom.tiktok.com/en-us/1-billion-people-on-tiktok https://newsroom.tiktok.com/en-us/1-billion-people-on-tiktok	PERSON
spir-13532	181	2	https://rm.coe.int/information-disorder-report-version-august-2018/16808c9c77	GPE
spir-13532	181	3	https://rm.coe.int/information-disorder-report-version-august-2018/16808c9c77	GPE
spir-13532	181	4	daria delavar-kasmai	PERSON
spir-13532	181	5	ukrainian	NORP
spir-13532	181	6	lowery 2022	ORG
spir-13532	182	1	2022	CARDINAL
spir-13532	182	2	decades-old	DATE
spir-13532	183	1	ukrainian	NORP
spir-13532	183	2	russian	NORP
spir-13532	184	1	ukrainian	NORP
spir-13532	185	1	jenkins et al	PERSON
spir-13532	185	2	2015	DATE
spir-13532	186	1	abidin	PERSON
spir-13532	186	2	2022	CARDINAL
spir-13532	186	3	903	CARDINAL
spir-13532	187	1	ukrainian	NORP
spir-13532	187	2	russian	NORP
spir-13532	188	1	abidin	PERSON
spir-13532	188	2	kaye	PERSON
spir-13532	188	3	2021	CARDINAL
spir-13532	189	1	russian	NORP
spir-13532	189	2	ukrainian	NORP
spir-13532	191	1	russian	NORP
spir-13532	191	2	ukraine	GPE
spir-13532	192	1	ukrainian	NORP
spir-13532	192	2	russian	NORP
spir-13532	193	1	soviet	NORP
spir-13532	193	2	russian	NORP
spir-13532	193	3	ukrainian	NORP
spir-13532	194	1	ukraine	GPE
spir-13532	194	2	soviet	NORP
spir-13532	194	3	ukrainian	NORP
spir-13532	195	1	soviets	NORP
spir-13532	195	2	ukrainian	NORP
spir-13532	195	3	2002	DATE
spir-13532	197	1	2004	DATE
spir-13532	198	1	2021	CARDINAL
spir-13532	199	1	ukrainian	NORP
spir-13532	199	2	russian	NORP
spir-13532	200	1	ukrainian	NORP
spir-13532	200	2	russian	NORP
spir-13532	200	3	kremlin	ORG
spir-13532	201	1	ukrainian	NORP
spir-13532	201	2	ukrainians	NORP
spir-13532	201	3	russian	NORP
spir-13532	203	1	evening	TIME
spir-13532	203	2	2016	CARDINAL
spir-13532	204	1	romele	PERSON
spir-13532	204	2	furia	PERSON
spir-13532	204	3	2020	DATE
spir-13532	204	4	2017	CARDINAL
spir-13532	204	5	54	CARDINAL
spir-13532	205	1	2016	CARDINAL
spir-13532	208	1	first	ORDINAL
spir-13532	208	2	evening	TIME
spir-13532	208	3	october 2021	DATE
spir-13532	209	1	ukraine	GPE
spir-13532	210	1	vitaly kim	PERSON
spir-13532	211	1	russian	NORP
spir-13532	211	2	mid-march	DATE
spir-13532	211	3	about 10,000	CARDINAL
spir-13532	212	1	three	CARDINAL
spir-13532	212	2	1	CARDINAL
spir-13532	212	3	first	ORDINAL
spir-13532	212	4	russia	GPE
spir-13532	212	5	dobroe	ORG
spir-13532	213	1	2	CARDINAL
spir-13532	213	2	second	ORDINAL
spir-13532	213	3	ukrainian	NORP
spir-13532	213	4	russia	GPE
spir-13532	213	5	dobroe	ORG
spir-13532	214	1	3	CARDINAL
spir-13532	214	2	third	ORDINAL
spir-13532	215	1	russia	GPE
spir-13532	216	1	pro-russian	NORP
spir-13532	216	2	ukrainian	NORP
spir-13532	218	1	2021	CARDINAL
spir-13532	219	1	2012	DATE
spir-13532	219	2	2021	CARDINAL
spir-13532	219	3	ukraine	GPE
spir-13532	220	1	pro-ukrainian	NORP
spir-13532	220	2	#	CARDINAL
spir-13532	220	3	putin	PERSON
spir-13532	220	4	kremlin	ORG
spir-13532	220	5	pro-russian	NORP
spir-13532	220	6	the good morning	TIME
spir-13532	220	7	pro-ukrainian	NORP
spir-13532	220	8	russian	NORP
spir-13532	221	1	abidin	PERSON
spir-13532	221	2	c. & kaye	PERSON
spir-13532	221	3	2021	CARDINAL
spir-13532	222	1	earworms	PERSON
spir-13532	223	1	j. wilson & d. de zeeuw	ORG
spir-13532	225	1	58	CARDINAL
spir-13532	226	1	amsterdam	GPE
spir-13532	226	2	antoniuk, o. 2022.	ORG
spir-13532	227	1	https://yaledailynews.com/blog/2022/04/20/antoniukhow-the-yale-russian-chorus-perhaps-unwittingly-aids-russias-war-in-ukraine-2/ chayka	PERSON
spir-13532	227	2	k. 2022	PERSON
spir-13532	228	1	2016	CARDINAL
spir-13532	231	1	digital culture & society	ORG
spir-13532	231	2	2(2	CARDINAL
spir-13532	231	3	95-112	CARDINAL
spir-13532	232	1	s.	PERSON
spir-13532	232	2	takahashi	PERSON
spir-13532	232	3	j. 2021	PERSON
spir-13532	234	1	7(2	CARDINAL
spir-13532	234	2	20563051211012344	DATE
spir-13532	235	1	jenkins	PERSON
spir-13532	235	2	ito	PERSON
spir-13532	235	3	m., & boyd	ORG
spir-13532	237	1	cambridge	GPE
spir-13532	237	2	uk: polity press	ORG
spir-13532	238	1	l. 2022	ORG
spir-13532	239	1	ukraine	GPE
spir-13532	239	2	putin	PERSON
spir-13532	240	1	https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/wartok-how-ukraine-using-tiktokputin-invasion/ nagle	PERSON
spir-13532	240	2	a. 2017	PERSON
spir-13532	242	1	john hunt	PERSON
spir-13532	243	1	m., kuo,	PERSON
spir-13532	243	2	2021	CARDINAL
spir-13532	245	1	new media & society	ORG
spir-13532	245	2	14614448211029293	DATE
spir-13532	246	1	2017	CARDINAL
spir-13532	247	1	digital	ORG
spir-13532	248	1	polity press	ORG
spir-13532	248	2	cambridge romele	GPE
spir-13532	248	3	s. m., & furia	PERSON
spir-13532	248	4	2020	DATE
spir-13532	250	1	ai & society	ORG
spir-13532	251	1	l. 2013.	PERSON
spir-13532	253	1	362	CARDINAL
spir-13532	254	1	j. w.	PERSON
spir-13532	254	2	leonardi	GPE
spir-13532	254	3	m. 2012	PERSON
spir-13532	256	1	36	DATE
spir-13532	257	1	143-189	CARDINAL
spir-13532	257	2	2012	DATE
spir-13532	257	3	ssrn	PERSON
spir-13532	258	1	russian	NORP
spir-13532	258	2	ukrainian	NORP
spir-13532	260	1	ab imperio 2002(1	ORG
spir-13532	260	2	323	CARDINAL
spir-13532	262	1	velychenko	PERSON
spir-13532	263	1	ukrainian	NORP
spir-13532	264	1	ab imperio 2004(1	PERSON
spir-13532	264	2	391404	DATE
spir-13532	265	1	a., & abidin	ORG
spir-13532	265	2	2022	CARDINAL
spir-13532	267	1	16	CARDINAL
spir-13532	267	2	26	CARDINAL
spir-13532	268	1	https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/wartok-how-ukraine-using-tiktok-putin-invasion/ https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/wartok-how-ukraine-using-tiktok-putin-invasion/	PERSON
spir-13532	268	2	university of amsterdam boris noordenbos university of amsterdam tiktok	ORG
spir-13532	269	1	pro-kremlin	PERSON
spir-13532	269	2	stalin	PERSON
spir-13532	270	1	one	CARDINAL
spir-13532	272	1	2013	DATE
spir-13532	272	2	1	CARDINAL
spir-13532	273	1	twentieth-century	DATE
spir-13532	273	2	boler & davis 2021	ORG
spir-13532	273	3	wanless & berk 2020	ORG
spir-13532	273	4	woolley & howard 2016	ORG
spir-13532	273	5	arif & wilson	ORG
spir-13532	273	6	2019	CARDINAL
spir-13532	274	1	today	DATE
spir-13532	274	2	2021	CARDINAL
spir-13532	275	1	1974	DATE
spir-13532	275	2	paasonen 2019	CARDINAL
spir-13532	276	1	34	CARDINAL
spir-13532	279	1	bennett et al	PERSON
spir-13532	279	2	2018	DATE
spir-13532	280	1	pro-kremlin	ORG
spir-13532	283	1	althusserian	NORP
spir-13532	284	1	chun 2016:	ORG
spir-13532	284	2	59	CARDINAL
spir-13532	285	1	pro-kremlin	ORG
spir-13532	285	2	world war ii	EVENT
spir-13532	285	3	march	DATE
spir-13532	287	1	first	ORDINAL
spir-13532	287	2	2,344	CARDINAL
spir-13532	288	1	2020s	DATE
spir-13532	288	2	1940s	DATE
spir-13532	290	1	20th century	DATE
spir-13532	291	1	world war ii	EVENT
spir-13532	291	2	2013	DATE
spir-13532	291	3	273	CARDINAL
spir-13532	294	1	alexander nevsky’s	PERSON
spir-13532	294	2	13th-century	DATE
spir-13532	294	3	russian	NORP
spir-13532	294	4	soviet	NORP
spir-13532	294	5	german	NORP
spir-13532	294	6	russian	NORP
spir-13532	295	1	russian	NORP
spir-13532	296	1	21st-century	DATE
spir-13532	296	2	russian	NORP
spir-13532	296	3	soviet	NORP
spir-13532	296	4	world war ii	EVENT
spir-13532	299	1	kremlin	ORG
spir-13532	300	1	bennett	PERSON
spir-13532	300	2	w. lance	PERSON
spir-13532	300	3	barbara pfetsch	PERSON
spir-13532	302	1	68	CARDINAL
spir-13532	302	2	2, 2018	DATE
spir-13532	303	1	243253	DATE
spir-13532	304	1	boler	ORG
spir-13532	304	2	elizabeth davis	PERSON
spir-13532	306	1	2021	DATE
spir-13532	307	1	buchanan	PERSON
spir-13532	307	2	ian	PERSON
spir-13532	308	1	2020	DATE
spir-13532	309	1	chun	PERSON
spir-13532	309	2	wendy hui kyong	PERSON
spir-13532	311	1	2011	DATE
spir-13532	312	1	diresta	PERSON
spir-13532	312	2	renee	PERSON
spir-13532	315	1	atlantic	LOC
spir-13532	315	2	9	CARDINAL
spir-13532	315	3	october 2021	DATE
spir-13532	315	4	30	CARDINAL
spir-13532	315	5	2023	DATE
spir-13532	316	1	oushakine	PERSON
spir-13532	316	2	serguei alex	PERSON
spir-13532	318	1	ab imperio	ORG
spir-13532	318	2	2013	DATE
spir-13532	318	3	1, 2013	DATE
spir-13532	318	4	269	CARDINAL
spir-13532	318	5	paasonen	ORG
spir-13532	318	6	susanna	PERSON
spir-13532	322	1	anne fleig	PERSON
spir-13532	322	2	christian von scheve	PERSON
spir-13532	322	3	2019	DATE
spir-13532	323	1	49-62	DATE
spir-13532	324	1	rickert	PERSON
spir-13532	324	2	thomas j. ambient	PERSON
spir-13532	325	1	university of pittsburgh press	ORG
spir-13532	325	2	2013	DATE
spir-13532	326	1	schwartz	ORG
spir-13532	326	2	tony	PERSON
spir-13532	328	1	1974	DATE
spir-13532	329	1	kate	PERSON
spir-13532	332	1	3	CARDINAL
spir-13532	332	2	cscw	ORG
spir-13532	332	3	2019	DATE
spir-13532	333	1	https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2021/10/disinformation-propaganda-amplification-ampliganda/620334/ https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2021/10/disinformation-propaganda-amplification-ampliganda/620334/	PERSON
spir-13532	333	2	alex	PERSON
spir-13532	333	3	berk	ORG
spir-13532	333	4	michael	PERSON
spir-13532	335	1	2019	DATE
spir-13532	335	2	85	CARDINAL
spir-13532	335	3	woolley	ORG
spir-13532	335	4	samuel c.	PERSON
spir-13532	335	5	philip n. howard	PERSON
spir-13532	337	1	10, 2016	DATE
spir-13532	338	1	zappavigna	GPE
spir-13532	338	2	michele	PERSON
spir-13532	340	1	media & society	ORG
spir-13532	340	2	13	CARDINAL
spir-13532	340	3	5, 2011	DATE
spir-13532	341	1	788-806	CARDINAL
spir-13532	343	1	university of amsterdam elena pilipets university	ORG
spir-13532	343	2	abidin	PERSON
spir-13532	343	3	kaye	PERSON
spir-13532	343	4	2021	CARDINAL
spir-13532	344	1	2023	CARDINAL
spir-13532	344	2	davis	PERSON
spir-13532	344	3	2021	CARDINAL
spir-13532	346	1	2015	DATE
spir-13532	346	2	kahn	ORG
spir-13532	346	3	2009	DATE
spir-13532	346	4	26	CARDINAL
spir-13532	347	1	soviet	NORP
spir-13532	347	2	katyusha	NORP
spir-13532	347	3	pro-russian	NORP
spir-13532	347	4	#россия🇷🇺	PRODUCT
spir-13532	347	5	russia	GPE
spir-13532	347	6	i’m	WORK_OF_ART
spir-13532	348	1	2020	DATE
spir-13532	348	2	2021	CARDINAL
spir-13532	348	3	russian	NORP
spir-13532	349	1	2020	DATE
spir-13532	349	2	zulli & zulli 2021	ORG
spir-13532	350	1	boler & davis 2018	ORG
spir-13532	350	2	1938	DATE
spir-13532	351	1	kerby 2022	ORG
spir-13532	352	1	russian	NORP
spir-13532	352	2	2022	CARDINAL
spir-13532	354	1	russian	NORP
spir-13532	355	1	2018	DATE
spir-13532	357	1	2020	DATE
spir-13532	357	2	44-45	DATE
spir-13532	358	1	2016	DATE
spir-13532	360	1	2018	DATE
spir-13532	362	1	2021	CARDINAL
spir-13532	362	2	mitchell 1994	ORG
spir-13532	363	1	1	CARDINAL
spir-13532	363	2	mäkelä et al	PERSON
spir-13532	363	3	2021	CARDINAL
spir-13532	363	4	wang &	ORG
spir-13532	363	5	2022	CARDINAL
spir-13532	366	1	russian	LANGUAGE
spir-13532	366	2	demarcates	ORG
spir-13532	367	1	putin	PERSON
spir-13532	368	1	two	CARDINAL
spir-13532	368	2	one	CARDINAL
spir-13532	368	3	one	CARDINAL
spir-13532	369	1	first	ORDINAL
spir-13532	370	1	2	CARDINAL
spir-13532	370	2	two	CARDINAL
spir-13532	372	1	2022	CARDINAL
spir-13532	372	2	kremlin	ORG
spir-13532	372	3	first	ORDINAL
spir-13532	373	1	pro-russian	NORP
spir-13532	373	2	putin	PERSON
spir-13532	374	1	https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2022/03/22/putin-disinformation-apathy-00018974 https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2022/03/22/putin-disinformation-apathy-00018974	PERSON
spir-13532	374	2	first	ORDINAL
spir-13532	378	1	one	CARDINAL
spir-13532	378	2	2021	CARDINAL
spir-13532	379	1	one	CARDINAL
spir-13532	379	2	pro-ukrainian	NORP
spir-13532	379	3	jesus	PERSON
spir-13532	379	4	zelensky	PERSON
spir-13532	380	1	ahmed 2004	PERSON
spir-13532	381	1	sara ahmed	PERSON
spir-13532	382	1	91	CARDINAL
spir-13532	386	1	abidin	PERSON
spir-13532	386	2	c. & kaye	PERSON
spir-13532	386	3	2021	CARDINAL
spir-13532	387	1	earworms	PERSON
spir-13532	388	1	j. wilson & d. de zeeuw	ORG
spir-13532	390	1	58	CARDINAL
spir-13532	391	1	amsterdam	GPE
spir-13532	392	1	ahmed	PERSON
spir-13532	392	2	s. 2004	PERSON
spir-13532	394	1	edinburgh university press boler	ORG
spir-13532	394	2	m., & davis	ORG
spir-13532	394	3	e. 2018	PERSON
spir-13532	396	1	27	CARDINAL
spir-13532	396	2	75-85	DATE
spir-13532	397	1	colombo g. 2018	PERSON
spir-13532	399	1	phd thesis	PERSON
spir-13532	399	2	politecnico di milano	PERSON
spir-13532	400	1	finnin,	ORG
spir-13532	400	2	r. & roozenbeek	ORG
spir-13532	400	3	j. 2022	ORG
spir-13532	401	1	kremlin	GPE
spir-13532	402	1	stolero	PERSON
spir-13532	402	2	n.	PERSON
spir-13532	402	3	scuttari	NORP
spir-13532	402	4	a.	PERSON
spir-13532	402	5	van vliet	PERSON
spir-13532	402	6	l., & ridley	ORG
spir-13532	402	7	a. 2020	PERSON
spir-13532	403	1	facebook	ORG
spir-13532	404	1	14	DATE
spir-13532	404	2	1564-1585	CARDINAL
spir-13532	405	1	s.	PERSON
spir-13532	405	2	takahashi	PERSON
spir-13532	405	3	j. 2021	PERSON
spir-13532	407	1	7(2	CARDINAL
spir-13532	407	2	20563051211012344	DATE
spir-13532	408	1	a. 2015	PERSON
spir-13532	410	1	kahn	PERSON
spir-13532	410	2	2009	DATE
spir-13532	412	1	78	DATE
spir-13532	412	2	24–7	CARDINAL
spir-13532	412	3	kerby	ORG
spir-13532	412	4	2022	CARDINAL
spir-13532	413	1	russia &	ORG
spir-13532	414	1	t.	GPE
spir-13532	414	2	highfield	PERSON
spir-13532	414	3	t., & abidin	ORG
spir-13532	414	4	c. 2020	PERSON
spir-13532	415	1	instagram	PERSON
spir-13532	416	1	hoboken	GPE
spir-13532	416	2	nj	ORG
spir-13532	416	3	john wiley &	ORG
spir-13532	417	1	j.	PERSON
spir-13532	417	2	duguay, s. 2018	ORG
spir-13532	419	1	new media & society	ORG
spir-13532	419	2	20(3	CARDINAL
spir-13532	420	1	mäkelä	GPE
spir-13532	420	2	m., björninen	PERSON
spir-13532	420	3	s.	PERSON
spir-13532	420	4	karttunen	PERSON
spir-13532	420	5	l.	PERSON
spir-13532	420	6	nurminen	PERSON
spir-13532	420	7	m., raipola	PERSON
spir-13532	420	8	j., & rantanen	ORG
spir-13532	420	9	2021	CARDINAL
spir-13532	422	1	29(2	CARDINAL
spir-13532	422	2	139	CARDINAL
spir-13532	423	1	mitchell w.j.t	ORG
spir-13532	424	1	1994	DATE
spir-13532	426	1	chicago	GPE
spir-13532	427	1	university of chicago	ORG
spir-13532	428	1	niederer, s. 2018	ORG
spir-13532	431	1	peeters	ORG
spir-13532	431	2	s. 2022	PERSON
spir-13532	435	1	e. 2023	PERSON
spir-13532	439	1	4(1	CARDINAL
spir-13532	439	2	109	CARDINAL
spir-13532	440	1	r. 2021	PERSON
spir-13532	442	1	big data & society	ORG
spir-13532	442	2	8(1	CARDINAL
spir-13532	443	1	d. 2022	ORG
spir-13532	444	1	russian	NORP
spir-13532	445	1	https://www.theguardian.com/media/2022/apr/23/zsymbols-pro-war-memes-ukrainian-flags-russian-influencers-ukraine zulli	PERSON
spir-13532	445	2	d. & zulli	ORG
spir-13532	445	3	d. j. 2020	PERSON
spir-13532	447	1	new media & society	ORG
spir-13532	448	1	first	ORDINAL
spir-13532	448	2	https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444820983603	GPE
spir-13532	449	1	russia	GPE
spir-13532	449	2	chinese	NORP
spir-13532	449	3	douyin richard rogers university of	ORG
spir-13532	449	4	zhang renmin university of china	ORG
spir-13532	449	5	russia	GPE
spir-13532	449	6	chinese	NORP
spir-13532	449	7	chinese	NORP
spir-13532	450	1	russian	NORP
spir-13532	450	2	chinese	NORP
spir-13532	453	1	russia	GPE
spir-13532	453	2	ukraine	GPE
spir-13532	453	3	february 2022	DATE
spir-13532	453	4	chinese	NORP
spir-13532	453	5	pro-russian	NORP
spir-13532	453	6	chinese	NORP
spir-13532	454	1	china	GPE
spir-13532	454	2	chinese	NORP
spir-13532	454	3	russia	GPE
spir-13532	454	4	75%	PERCENT
spir-13532	454	5	russia	GPE
spir-13532	454	6	china	GPE
spir-13532	454	7	2022	CARDINAL
spir-13532	455	1	one	CARDINAL
spir-13532	455	2	chinese	NORP
spir-13532	455	3	2020	DATE
spir-13532	456	1	the chinese communist party	ORG
spir-13532	456	2	zhang et al.	PERSON
spir-13532	456	3	2021	CARDINAL
spir-13532	456	4	2	CARDINAL
spir-13532	457	1	2018	DATE
spir-13532	457	2	2016	DATE
spir-13532	457	3	hyun et al.	PERSON
spir-13532	457	4	2014	DATE
spir-13532	457	5	zou	ORG
spir-13532	457	6	2021	DATE
spir-13532	458	1	50c	CARDINAL
spir-13532	458	2	2017	DATE
spir-13532	459	1	chen et al.	PERSON
spir-13532	459	2	2021	CARDINAL
spir-13532	460	1	chinese	NORP
spir-13532	460	2	chen et al.	PERSON
spir-13532	460	3	2020	DATE
spir-13532	460	4	97	CARDINAL
spir-13532	460	5	fung	PERSON
spir-13532	460	6	hu	PERSON
spir-13532	460	7	2022	CARDINAL
spir-13532	461	1	chinese	NORP
spir-13532	463	1	russia	GPE
spir-13532	463	2	chinese	NORP
spir-13532	464	1	two	CARDINAL
spir-13532	464	2	three	CARDINAL
spir-13532	464	3	china	GPE
spir-13532	464	4	douyin	PERSON
spir-13532	465	1	china	GPE
spir-13532	466	1	douyin	PERSON
spir-13532	467	1	weibo	ORG
spir-13532	467	2	douyin possess distinctive	ORG
spir-13532	468	1	meng	PERSON
spir-13532	468	2	2023	CARDINAL
spir-13532	470	1	douyin	PERSON
spir-13532	473	1	2018	DATE
spir-13532	474	1	douyin	PERSON
spir-13532	474	2	russia	GPE
spir-13532	474	3	february 2022	DATE
spir-13532	475	1	first	ORDINAL
spir-13532	475	2	douyin	PERSON
spir-13532	477	1	2023	CARDINAL
spir-13532	478	1	douyin	PERSON
spir-13532	479	1	zero	CARDINAL
spir-13532	480	1	russian	NORP
spir-13532	481	1	russian	NORP
spir-13532	481	2	chinese	NORP
spir-13532	481	3	chinese	NORP
spir-13532	481	4	u.s.	GPE
spir-13532	481	5	russian	NORP
spir-13532	483	1	china	GPE
spir-13532	483	2	2020	DATE
spir-13532	484	1	douyin	GPE
spir-13532	484	2	russian	NORP
spir-13532	484	3	chinese	NORP
spir-13532	485	1	chinese	NORP
spir-13532	487	1	russian	NORP
spir-13532	490	1	american	NORP
spir-13532	491	1	atlantic	LOC
spir-13532	491	2	2020	DATE
spir-13532	491	3	chinese	NORP
spir-13532	491	4	december	DATE
spir-13532	492	1	baptista	PERSON
spir-13532	492	2	2020	DATE
spir-13532	492	3	russia	GPE
spir-13532	492	4	vladivostok	PERSON
spir-13532	492	5	china	GPE
spir-13532	492	6	south china	LOC
spir-13532	492	7	morning	TIME
spir-13532	492	8	20 july	DATE
spir-13532	493	1	chen	PERSON
spir-13532	493	2	x.	GPE
spir-13532	493	3	kaye	PERSON
spir-13532	493	4	d. b.	PERSON
spir-13532	494	1	& zeng	PERSON
spir-13532	494	2	j.	PERSON
spir-13532	494	3	2021	CARDINAL
spir-13532	495	1	chinese	NORP
spir-13532	496	1	chinese	NORP
spir-13532	497	1	r.	PERSON
spir-13532	497	2	2017	DATE
spir-13532	497	3	china	GPE
spir-13532	497	4	the twenty-first century	DATE
spir-13532	497	5	contemporary china	ORG
spir-13532	497	6	26:103	ORG
spir-13532	497	7	85-100 fung	QUANTITY
spir-13532	497	8	a. & hu	ORG
spir-13532	497	9	y. douyin	PERSON
spir-13532	497	10	2022	CARDINAL
spir-13532	498	1	chinese	NORP
spir-13532	498	2	9	CARDINAL
spir-13532	498	3	139–147	DATE
spir-13532	498	4	hyun	PERSON
spir-13532	498	5	k. d.	PERSON
spir-13532	498	6	kim	PERSON
spir-13532	498	7	j., & sun	ORG
spir-13532	498	8	s.	GPE
spir-13532	498	9	2014	DATE
spir-13532	499	1	anti-japanese	NORP
spir-13532	499	2	china	GPE
spir-13532	500	1	asian	NORP
spir-13532	500	2	24(6	DATE
spir-13532	500	3	589–604	CARDINAL
spir-13532	501	1	j. & roberts	ORG
spir-13532	501	2	m.e.	ORG
spir-13532	501	3	2017	CARDINAL
spir-13532	501	4	chinese	NORP
spir-13532	501	5	american political science	ORG
spir-13532	501	6	111	CARDINAL
spir-13532	501	7	3	CARDINAL
spir-13532	501	8	484–501	DATE
spir-13532	501	9	10.1017	CARDINAL
spir-13532	501	10	2018	DATE
spir-13532	502	1	j. burgess	GPE
spir-13532	502	2	a. marwick	PERSON
spir-13532	502	3	t. poell	ORG
spir-13532	503	1	91–110	PERSON
spir-13532	505	1	schneider, f. (2018) china	ORG
spir-13532	505	2	oxford university	ORG
spir-13532	506	1	2023	CARDINAL
spir-13532	507	1	zero	CARDINAL
spir-13532	508	1	2022	CARDINAL
spir-13532	508	2	chinese	NORP
spir-13532	508	3	ukraine	GPE
spir-13532	508	4	china	GPE
spir-13532	508	5	https://uscnpm.org/2022/04/19/chinese-public-opinion-warin-ukraine/. zhang	PERSON
spir-13532	508	6	wallis	GPE
spir-13532	508	7	j. & bogle	ORG
spir-13532	508	8	a.	PERSON
spir-13532	508	9	2021	CARDINAL
spir-13532	508	10	ccp	ORG
spir-13532	508	11	bbc	ORG
spir-13532	508	12	australia	GPE
spir-13532	509	1	s.	PERSON
spir-13532	509	2	2021	CARDINAL
spir-13532	509	3	china	GPE
spir-13532	509	4	communication & society	ORG
spir-13532	509	5	26:1	CARDINAL
spir-13532	509	6	201–217	CARDINAL
spir-13532	509	7	10.1080/1369118x.2021.1942954	CARDINAL