id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
spir-10942	1	1	selected	select	VERB
spir-10942	1	2	papers	paper	NOUN
spir-10942	1	3	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	1	4	#	#	SYM
spir-10942	1	5	aoir2019	aoir2019	PROPN
spir-10942	1	6	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	1	7	the	the	DET
spir-10942	1	8	20th	20th	ADJ
spir-10942	1	9	annual	annual	ADJ
spir-10942	1	10	conference	conference	NOUN
spir-10942	1	11	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	1	12	the	the	DET
spir-10942	1	13	association	association	NOUN
spir-10942	1	14	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	1	15	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-10942	1	16	researchers	researcher	NOUN
spir-10942	1	17	brisbane	brisbane	NOUN
spir-10942	1	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	1	19	australia	australia	PROPN
spir-10942	1	20	/	/	SYM
spir-10942	1	21	2	2	NUM
spir-10942	1	22	-	-	SYM
spir-10942	1	23	5	5	NUM
spir-10942	1	24	october	october	NOUN
spir-10942	1	25	2019	2019	NUM
spir-10942	1	26	blind	blind	ADJ
spir-10942	1	27	spots	spot	NOUN
spir-10942	1	28	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	1	29	information	information	NOUN
spir-10942	1	30	operations	operation	NOUN
spir-10942	1	31	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	1	32	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	1	33	micro	micro	ADJ
spir-10942	1	34	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
spir-10942	1	35	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	1	36	algorithm	algorithm	NOUN
spir-10942	1	37	gaming	gaming	NOUN
spir-10942	1	38	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	1	39	how	how	SCONJ
spir-10942	1	40	to	to	PART
spir-10942	1	41	profit	profit	VERB
spir-10942	1	42	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	1	43	it	it	PRON
spir-10942	1	44	panel	panel	NOUN
spir-10942	1	45	introduction	introduction	NOUN
spir-10942	1	46	the	the	DET
spir-10942	1	47	same	same	ADJ
spir-10942	1	48	technologies	technology	NOUN
spir-10942	1	49	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	1	50	once	once	ADV
spir-10942	1	51	promised	promise	VERB
spir-10942	1	52	to	to	PART
spir-10942	1	53	strengthen	strengthen	VERB
spir-10942	1	54	democracy	democracy	NOUN
spir-10942	1	55	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
spir-10942	1	56	have	have	AUX
spir-10942	1	57	become	become	AUX
spir-10942	1	58	accused	accuse	VERB
spir-10942	1	59	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	1	60	undermining	undermine	VERB
spir-10942	1	61	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	1	62	processes	process	NOUN
spir-10942	1	63	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	2	1	the	the	DET
spir-10942	2	2	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-10942	2	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	2	4	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	2	5	specifically	specifically	ADV
spir-10942	2	6	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	2	7	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	2	8	—	—	PUNCT
spir-10942	2	9	once	once	ADV
spir-10942	2	10	celebrated	celebrate	VERB
spir-10942	2	11	as	as	ADP
spir-10942	2	12	technologies	technology	NOUN
spir-10942	2	13	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	2	14	liberation	liberation	NOUN
spir-10942	2	15	—	—	PUNCT
spir-10942	2	16	have	have	AUX
spir-10942	2	17	recently	recently	ADV
spir-10942	2	18	shown	show	VERB
spir-10942	2	19	themselves	themselves	PRON
spir-10942	2	20	to	to	PART
spir-10942	2	21	be	be	AUX
spir-10942	2	22	vulnerable	vulnerable	ADJ
spir-10942	2	23	hosts	host	NOUN
spir-10942	2	24	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	2	25	various	various	ADJ
spir-10942	2	26	forms	form	NOUN
spir-10942	2	27	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	2	28	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-10942	2	29	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
spir-10942	2	30	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	2	31	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
spir-10942	2	32	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	3	1	around	around	ADP
spir-10942	3	2	the	the	DET
spir-10942	3	3	world	world	NOUN
spir-10942	3	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	3	5	a	a	DET
spir-10942	3	6	wide	wide	ADJ
spir-10942	3	7	range	range	NOUN
spir-10942	3	8	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	3	9	actors	actor	NOUN
spir-10942	3	10	exploit	exploit	VERB
spir-10942	3	11	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	3	12	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	3	13	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-10942	3	14	to	to	PART
spir-10942	3	15	distort	distort	VERB
spir-10942	3	16	public	public	ADJ
spir-10942	3	17	discourse	discourse	NOUN
spir-10942	3	18	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	3	19	undermine	undermine	VERB
spir-10942	3	20	trust	trust	NOUN
spir-10942	3	21	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	4	1	malicious	malicious	ADJ
spir-10942	4	2	foreign	foreign	ADJ
spir-10942	4	3	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-10942	4	4	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
spir-10942	4	5	armed	arm	VERB
spir-10942	4	6	with	with	ADP
spir-10942	4	7	“	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	4	8	fake	fake	ADJ
spir-10942	4	9	news	news	NOUN
spir-10942	4	10	”	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	4	11	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	4	12	automation	automation	NOUN
spir-10942	4	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	4	14	hyperpartisan	hyperpartisan	ADJ
spir-10942	4	15	alternative	alternative	ADJ
spir-10942	4	16	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	4	17	outlets	outlet	NOUN
spir-10942	4	18	propagating	propagate	VERB
spir-10942	4	19	conspiracy	conspiracy	NOUN
spir-10942	4	20	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	4	21	hate	hate	NOUN
spir-10942	4	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	4	23	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	4	24	extremist	extremist	ADJ
spir-10942	4	25	voices	voice	NOUN
spir-10942	4	26	at	at	ADP
spir-10942	4	27	the	the	DET
spir-10942	4	28	fringe	fringe	NOUN
spir-10942	4	29	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	4	30	the	the	DET
spir-10942	4	31	spectrum	spectrum	NOUN
spir-10942	4	32	all	all	PRON
spir-10942	4	33	have	have	AUX
spir-10942	4	34	found	find	VERB
spir-10942	4	35	a	a	DET
spir-10942	4	36	fertile	fertile	ADJ
spir-10942	4	37	breeding	breeding	NOUN
spir-10942	4	38	ground	ground	NOUN
spir-10942	4	39	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	4	40	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	4	41	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	4	42	networks	network	NOUN
spir-10942	4	43	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	5	1	already	already	ADV
spir-10942	5	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	5	3	scholars	scholar	NOUN
spir-10942	5	4	have	have	AUX
spir-10942	5	5	argued	argue	VERB
spir-10942	5	6	that	that	SCONJ
spir-10942	5	7	the	the	DET
spir-10942	5	8	spread	spread	NOUN
spir-10942	5	9	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	5	10	malicious	malicious	ADJ
spir-10942	5	11	information	information	NOUN
spir-10942	5	12	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
spir-10942	5	13	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	5	14	computational	computational	ADJ
spir-10942	5	15	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
spir-10942	5	16	sustained	sustain	VERB
spir-10942	5	17	by	by	ADP
spir-10942	5	18	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	5	19	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	5	20	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
spir-10942	5	21	can	can	AUX
spir-10942	5	22	corrode	corrode	VERB
spir-10942	5	23	democratic	democratic	ADJ
spir-10942	5	24	discourse	discourse	NOUN
spir-10942	5	25	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	5	26	disrupt	disrupt	VERB
spir-10942	5	27	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-10942	5	28	public	public	ADJ
spir-10942	5	29	spheres	sphere	NOUN
spir-10942	5	30	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	5	31	persily	persily	ADV
spir-10942	5	32	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	5	33	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	5	34	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	5	35	tucker	tucker	PROPN
spir-10942	5	36	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	5	37	theocharis	theocharis	PROPN
spir-10942	5	38	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	5	39	roberts	roberts	PROPN
spir-10942	5	40	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	5	41	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	5	42	barberá	barberá	NOUN
spir-10942	5	43	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	5	44	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	5	45	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	5	46	woolley	woolley	PROPN
spir-10942	5	47	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	5	48	howard	howard	PROPN
spir-10942	5	49	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	5	50	2016	2016	NUM
spir-10942	5	51	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	5	52	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	6	1	a	a	DET
spir-10942	6	2	growing	grow	VERB
spir-10942	6	3	body	body	NOUN
spir-10942	6	4	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	6	5	scholarship	scholarship	NOUN
spir-10942	6	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	6	7	has	have	AUX
spir-10942	6	8	become	become	VERB
spir-10942	6	9	concerned	concerned	ADJ
spir-10942	6	10	with	with	ADP
spir-10942	6	11	tracking	track	VERB
spir-10942	6	12	the	the	DET
spir-10942	6	13	spread	spread	ADJ
spir-10942	6	14	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-10942	6	15	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	6	16	automated	automate	VERB
spir-10942	6	17	messages	message	NOUN
spir-10942	6	18	during	during	ADP
spir-10942	6	19	sensitive	sensitive	ADJ
spir-10942	6	20	moments	moment	NOUN
spir-10942	6	21	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	6	22	public	public	ADJ
spir-10942	6	23	life	life	NOUN
spir-10942	6	24	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	6	25	ferrara	ferrara	NOUN
spir-10942	6	26	et	et	PROPN
spir-10942	6	27	al	al	PROPN
spir-10942	6	28	.	.	PROPN
spir-10942	6	29	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	6	30	2016	2016	NUM
spir-10942	6	31	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	6	32	vosoughi	vosoughi	PROPN
spir-10942	6	33	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	6	34	roy	roy	PROPN
spir-10942	6	35	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	6	36	aral	aral	PROPN
spir-10942	6	37	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	6	38	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	6	39	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	6	40	the	the	DET
spir-10942	6	41	relationship	relationship	NOUN
spir-10942	6	42	between	between	ADP
spir-10942	6	43	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	6	44	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	6	45	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
spir-10942	6	46	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	6	47	the	the	DET
spir-10942	6	48	viral	viral	ADJ
spir-10942	6	49	dissemination	dissemination	NOUN
spir-10942	6	50	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	6	51	various	various	ADJ
spir-10942	6	52	kinds	kind	NOUN
spir-10942	6	53	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	6	54	problematic	problematic	ADJ
spir-10942	6	55	information	information	NOUN
spir-10942	6	56	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	6	57	bradshaw	bradshaw	PROPN
spir-10942	6	58	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	6	59	howard	howard	PROPN
spir-10942	6	60	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	6	61	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	6	62	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	6	63	silverman	silverman	NOUN
spir-10942	6	64	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	6	65	2015	2015	NUM
spir-10942	6	66	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	6	67	wu	wu	PROPN
spir-10942	6	68	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	6	69	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	6	70	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	6	71	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	6	72	the	the	DET
spir-10942	6	73	different	different	ADJ
spir-10942	6	74	kinds	kind	NOUN
spir-10942	6	75	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	6	76	nefarious	nefarious	ADJ
spir-10942	6	77	actors	actor	NOUN
spir-10942	6	78	behind	behind	ADP
spir-10942	6	79	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	6	80	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-10942	6	81	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
spir-10942	6	82	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	6	83	marwick	marwick	PROPN
spir-10942	6	84	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	6	85	lewis	lewis	PROPN
spir-10942	6	86	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	6	87	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	6	88	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	6	89	faris	faris	PROPN
spir-10942	6	90	et	et	PROPN
spir-10942	6	91	al	al	PROPN
spir-10942	6	92	.	.	PROPN
spir-10942	6	93	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	6	94	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	6	95	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	6	96	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	6	97	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	6	98	possible	possible	ADJ
spir-10942	6	99	countermeasures	countermeasure	NOUN
spir-10942	6	100	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	6	101	solutions	solution	NOUN
spir-10942	6	102	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	6	103	ash	ash	NOUN
spir-10942	6	104	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	6	105	gorwa	gorwa	NOUN
spir-10942	6	106	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	6	107	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	6	108	metaxa	metaxa	PROPN
spir-10942	6	109	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	6	110	2019	2019	NUM
spir-10942	6	111	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	6	112	bradshaw	bradshaw	PROPN
spir-10942	6	113	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	6	114	neudert	neudert	PROPN
spir-10942	6	115	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	6	116	howard	howard	PROPN
spir-10942	6	117	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	6	118	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	6	119	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	6	120	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	7	1	but	but	CCONJ
spir-10942	7	2	techniques	technique	NOUN
spir-10942	7	3	designed	design	VERB
spir-10942	7	4	to	to	PART
spir-10942	7	5	manipulate	manipulate	VERB
spir-10942	7	6	public	public	ADJ
spir-10942	7	7	opinion	opinion	NOUN
spir-10942	7	8	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	7	9	undermine	undermine	VERB
spir-10942	7	10	information	information	NOUN
spir-10942	7	11	ecosystems	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-10942	7	12	are	be	AUX
spir-10942	7	13	rapidly	rapidly	ADV
spir-10942	7	14	evolving	evolve	VERB
spir-10942	7	15	while	while	SCONJ
spir-10942	7	16	academic	academic	ADJ
spir-10942	7	17	research	research	NOUN
spir-10942	7	18	lags	lag	VERB
spir-10942	7	19	behind	behind	ADP
spir-10942	7	20	technological	technological	ADJ
spir-10942	7	21	innovation	innovation	NOUN
spir-10942	7	22	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	7	23	strategic	strategic	ADJ
spir-10942	7	24	expertise	expertise	NOUN
spir-10942	7	25	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	8	1	as	as	ADP
spir-10942	8	2	a	a	DET
spir-10942	8	3	new	new	ADJ
spir-10942	8	4	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	8	5	more	more	ADV
spir-10942	8	6	sophisticated	sophisticated	ADJ
spir-10942	8	7	generation	generation	NOUN
spir-10942	8	8	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	8	9	information	information	NOUN
spir-10942	8	10	operations	operation	NOUN
spir-10942	8	11	is	be	AUX
spir-10942	8	12	fast	fast	ADJ
spir-10942	8	13	to	to	PART
spir-10942	8	14	mature	mature	VERB
spir-10942	8	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	8	16	the	the	DET
spir-10942	8	17	papers	paper	NOUN
spir-10942	8	18	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	8	19	this	this	DET
spir-10942	8	20	panel	panel	NOUN
spir-10942	8	21	shed	shed	VERB
spir-10942	8	22	light	light	NOUN
spir-10942	8	23	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	8	24	some	some	PRON
spir-10942	8	25	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	8	26	the	the	DET
spir-10942	8	27	blind	blind	ADJ
spir-10942	8	28	spots	spot	NOUN
spir-10942	8	29	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	8	30	scholarly	scholarly	ADJ
spir-10942	8	31	inquiry	inquiry	NOUN
spir-10942	8	32	making	make	VERB
spir-10942	8	33	visible	visible	ADJ
spir-10942	8	34	new	new	ADJ
spir-10942	8	35	thematic	thematic	ADJ
spir-10942	8	36	strategies	strategy	NOUN
spir-10942	8	37	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	8	38	technical	technical	ADJ
spir-10942	8	39	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-10942	8	40	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	8	41	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	8	42	both	both	CCONJ
spir-10942	8	43	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	8	44	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	8	45	economic	economic	ADJ
spir-10942	8	46	incentives	incentive	NOUN
spir-10942	8	47	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	9	1	the	the	DET
spir-10942	9	2	first	first	ADJ
spir-10942	9	3	two	two	NUM
spir-10942	9	4	papers	paper	NOUN
spir-10942	9	5	examine	examine	VERB
spir-10942	9	6	the	the	DET
spir-10942	9	7	progression	progression	NOUN
spir-10942	9	8	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	9	9	general	general	ADJ
spir-10942	9	10	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	9	11	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
spir-10942	9	12	geared	gear	VERB
spir-10942	9	13	towards	towards	ADP
spir-10942	9	14	influencing	influence	VERB
spir-10942	9	15	elections	election	NOUN
spir-10942	9	16	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	9	17	highly	highly	ADV
spir-10942	9	18	issue	issue	NOUN
spir-10942	9	19	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	9	20	specific	specific	ADJ
spir-10942	9	21	micro	micro	ADJ
spir-10942	9	22	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
spir-10942	9	23	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	10	1	the	the	DET
spir-10942	10	2	first	first	ADJ
spir-10942	10	3	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-10942	10	4	presents	present	VERB
spir-10942	10	5	an	an	DET
spir-10942	10	6	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-10942	10	7	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	10	8	anti	anti	ADJ
spir-10942	10	9	-	-	ADJ
spir-10942	10	10	semitic	semitic	ADJ
spir-10942	10	11	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-10942	10	12	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
spir-10942	10	13	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	10	14	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	10	15	harassment	harassment	NOUN
spir-10942	10	16	during	during	ADP
spir-10942	10	17	the	the	DET
spir-10942	10	18	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	10	19	us	us	PROPN
spir-10942	10	20	midterms	midterm	NOUN
spir-10942	10	21	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	10	22	twitter	twitter	NOUN
spir-10942	10	23	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	10	24	offers	offer	VERB
spir-10942	10	25	rich	rich	ADJ
spir-10942	10	26	evidence	evidence	NOUN
spir-10942	10	27	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	10	28	interviews	interview	NOUN
spir-10942	10	29	with	with	ADP
spir-10942	10	30	jewish	jewish	ADJ
spir-10942	10	31	american	american	ADJ
spir-10942	10	32	opinion	opinion	NOUN
spir-10942	10	33	leaders	leader	NOUN
spir-10942	10	34	about	about	ADP
spir-10942	10	35	the	the	DET
spir-10942	10	36	impact	impact	NOUN
spir-10942	10	37	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	10	38	these	these	DET
spir-10942	10	39	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
spir-10942	10	40	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	11	1	drawing	draw	VERB
spir-10942	11	2	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	11	3	data	datum	NOUN
spir-10942	11	4	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	11	5	twitter	twitter	NOUN
spir-10942	11	6	’s	’s	PART
spir-10942	11	7	election	election	NOUN
spir-10942	11	8	integrity	integrity	NOUN
spir-10942	11	9	initiative	initiative	NOUN
spir-10942	11	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	11	11	the	the	DET
spir-10942	11	12	second	second	ADJ
spir-10942	11	13	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-10942	11	14	examines	examine	VERB
spir-10942	11	15	the	the	DET
spir-10942	11	16	gender	gender	NOUN
spir-10942	11	17	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
spir-10942	11	18	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	11	19	foreign	foreign	ADJ
spir-10942	11	20	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-10942	11	21	operations	operation	NOUN
spir-10942	11	22	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	11	23	how	how	SCONJ
spir-10942	11	24	hostile	hostile	ADJ
spir-10942	11	25	state	state	NOUN
spir-10942	11	26	actors	actor	NOUN
spir-10942	11	27	frame	frame	VERB
spir-10942	11	28	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	11	29	discuss	discuss	VERB
spir-10942	11	30	gender	gender	NOUN
spir-10942	11	31	identity	identity	NOUN
spir-10942	11	32	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	11	33	politics	politic	NOUN
spir-10942	11	34	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	12	1	the	the	DET
spir-10942	12	2	third	third	ADJ
spir-10942	12	3	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-10942	12	4	presents	present	VERB
spir-10942	12	5	an	an	DET
spir-10942	12	6	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-10942	12	7	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	12	8	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	12	9	engine	engine	NOUN
spir-10942	12	10	optimization	optimization	NOUN
spir-10942	12	11	strategies	strategy	NOUN
spir-10942	12	12	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	12	13	extremist	extremist	ADJ
spir-10942	12	14	youtubers	youtuber	NOUN
spir-10942	12	15	use	use	VERB
spir-10942	12	16	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	12	17	an	an	DET
spir-10942	12	18	attempt	attempt	NOUN
spir-10942	12	19	to	to	PART
spir-10942	12	20	game	game	VERB
spir-10942	12	21	the	the	DET
spir-10942	12	22	algorithm	algorithm	NOUN
spir-10942	12	23	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	12	24	increase	increase	VERB
spir-10942	12	25	their	their	PRON
spir-10942	12	26	visibility	visibility	NOUN
spir-10942	12	27	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	12	28	the	the	DET
spir-10942	12	29	network	network	NOUN
spir-10942	12	30	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	13	1	the	the	DET
spir-10942	13	2	fourth	fourth	ADJ
spir-10942	13	3	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-10942	13	4	investigates	investigate	VERB
spir-10942	13	5	the	the	DET
spir-10942	13	6	relationship	relationship	NOUN
spir-10942	13	7	between	between	ADP
spir-10942	13	8	partisan	partisan	ADJ
spir-10942	13	9	bias	bias	NOUN
spir-10942	13	10	associated	associate	VERB
spir-10942	13	11	with	with	ADP
spir-10942	13	12	google	google	PROPN
spir-10942	13	13	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	13	14	results	result	NOUN
spir-10942	13	15	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	13	16	the	the	DET
spir-10942	13	17	success	success	NOUN
spir-10942	13	18	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	13	19	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	13	20	candidates	candidate	NOUN
spir-10942	13	21	associated	associate	VERB
spir-10942	13	22	with	with	ADP
spir-10942	13	23	the	the	DET
spir-10942	13	24	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	13	25	queries	query	NOUN
spir-10942	13	26	during	during	ADP
spir-10942	13	27	elections	election	NOUN
spir-10942	13	28	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	13	29	finds	find	VERB
spir-10942	13	30	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	13	31	partisan	partisan	ADJ
spir-10942	13	32	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	13	33	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	13	34	is	be	AUX
spir-10942	13	35	a	a	DET
spir-10942	13	36	predictor	predictor	NOUN
spir-10942	13	37	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	13	38	election	election	NOUN
spir-10942	13	39	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
spir-10942	13	40	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	14	1	the	the	DET
spir-10942	14	2	fifth	fifth	ADJ
spir-10942	14	3	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-10942	14	4	examines	examine	VERB
spir-10942	14	5	the	the	DET
spir-10942	14	6	emergence	emergence	NOUN
spir-10942	14	7	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	14	8	a	a	DET
spir-10942	14	9	global	global	ADJ
spir-10942	14	10	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	14	11	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-10942	14	12	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	14	13	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
spir-10942	14	14	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	14	15	offers	offer	VERB
spir-10942	14	16	a	a	DET
spir-10942	14	17	grounded	ground	VERB
spir-10942	14	18	typology	typology	NOUN
spir-10942	14	19	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	14	20	the	the	DET
spir-10942	14	21	vendors	vendor	NOUN
spir-10942	14	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	14	23	marketplaces	marketplace	NOUN
spir-10942	14	24	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	14	25	services	service	NOUN
spir-10942	14	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	14	27	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	14	28	products	product	NOUN
spir-10942	14	29	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	14	30	are	be	AUX
spir-10942	14	31	designed	design	VERB
spir-10942	14	32	to	to	PART
spir-10942	14	33	turn	turn	VERB
spir-10942	14	34	a	a	DET
spir-10942	14	35	profit	profit	NOUN
spir-10942	14	36	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	14	37	swaying	sway	VERB
spir-10942	14	38	public	public	ADJ
spir-10942	14	39	opinion	opinion	NOUN
spir-10942	14	40	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	15	1	together	together	ADV
spir-10942	15	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	15	3	the	the	DET
spir-10942	15	4	papers	paper	NOUN
spir-10942	15	5	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	15	6	the	the	DET
spir-10942	15	7	panel	panel	NOUN
spir-10942	15	8	present	present	ADJ
spir-10942	15	9	methodological	methodological	ADJ
spir-10942	15	10	research	research	NOUN
spir-10942	15	11	into	into	ADP
spir-10942	15	12	widely	widely	ADV
spir-10942	15	13	unexplored	unexplored	ADJ
spir-10942	15	14	phenomena	phenomenon	NOUN
spir-10942	15	15	having	have	VERB
spir-10942	15	16	to	to	PART
spir-10942	15	17	do	do	VERB
spir-10942	15	18	with	with	ADP
spir-10942	15	19	information	information	NOUN
spir-10942	15	20	operations	operation	NOUN
spir-10942	15	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	15	22	including	include	VERB
spir-10942	15	23	issuespecific	issuespecific	ADJ
spir-10942	15	24	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-10942	15	25	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
spir-10942	15	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	15	27	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	15	28	engine	engine	NOUN
spir-10942	15	29	hacking	hacking	NOUN
spir-10942	15	30	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	15	31	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	15	32	profit	profit	NOUN
spir-10942	15	33	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	15	34	driven	drive	VERB
spir-10942	15	35	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
spir-10942	15	36	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	16	1	while	while	SCONJ
spir-10942	16	2	journalistic	journalistic	ADJ
spir-10942	16	3	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	16	4	expert	expert	ADJ
spir-10942	16	5	inquiries	inquiry	NOUN
spir-10942	16	6	have	have	AUX
spir-10942	16	7	reported	report	VERB
spir-10942	16	8	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	16	9	several	several	ADJ
spir-10942	16	10	phenomenological	phenomenological	ADJ
spir-10942	16	11	instances	instance	NOUN
spir-10942	16	12	discussed	discuss	VERB
spir-10942	16	13	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	16	14	these	these	DET
spir-10942	16	15	papers	paper	NOUN
spir-10942	16	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	16	17	the	the	DET
spir-10942	16	18	debate	debate	NOUN
spir-10942	16	19	so	so	ADV
spir-10942	16	20	far	far	ADV
spir-10942	16	21	widely	widely	ADV
spir-10942	16	22	lacks	lack	VERB
spir-10942	16	23	scholarly	scholarly	ADJ
spir-10942	16	24	attention	attention	NOUN
spir-10942	16	25	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	17	1	rooted	root	VERB
spir-10942	17	2	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	17	3	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	17	4	communication	communication	NOUN
spir-10942	17	5	literature	literature	NOUN
spir-10942	17	6	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	17	7	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-10942	17	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	17	9	“	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	17	10	computational	computational	ADJ
spir-10942	17	11	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
spir-10942	17	12	”	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	17	13	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	17	14	hyperpartisan	hyperpartisan	ADJ
spir-10942	17	15	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	17	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	17	17	the	the	DET
spir-10942	17	18	papers	paper	NOUN
spir-10942	17	19	offer	offer	VERB
spir-10942	17	20	data	datum	NOUN
spir-10942	17	21	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	17	22	driven	drive	VERB
spir-10942	17	23	research	research	NOUN
spir-10942	17	24	into	into	ADP
spir-10942	17	25	both	both	DET
spir-10942	17	26	technological	technological	ADJ
spir-10942	17	27	systems	system	NOUN
spir-10942	17	28	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	17	29	the	the	DET
spir-10942	17	30	actors	actor	NOUN
spir-10942	17	31	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	17	32	seek	seek	VERB
spir-10942	17	33	to	to	PART
spir-10942	17	34	manipulate	manipulate	VERB
spir-10942	17	35	them	they	PRON
spir-10942	17	36	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	18	1	thus	thus	ADV
spir-10942	18	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	18	3	this	this	DET
spir-10942	18	4	panel	panel	NOUN
spir-10942	18	5	analyzes	analyze	VERB
spir-10942	18	6	through	through	ADP
spir-10942	18	7	an	an	DET
spir-10942	18	8	exploratory	exploratory	ADJ
spir-10942	18	9	lens	lens	NOUN
spir-10942	18	10	illuminating	illuminate	VERB
spir-10942	18	11	technological	technological	ADJ
spir-10942	18	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	18	13	thematic	thematic	ADJ
spir-10942	18	14	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	18	15	strategic	strategic	ADJ
spir-10942	18	16	blind	blind	ADJ
spir-10942	18	17	spots	spot	NOUN
spir-10942	18	18	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	18	19	state	state	NOUN
spir-10942	18	20	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	18	21	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	18	22	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	18	23	the	the	DET
spir-10942	18	24	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	18	25	art	art	NOUN
spir-10942	18	26	information	information	NOUN
spir-10942	18	27	operations	operation	NOUN
spir-10942	18	28	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	19	1	references	reference	NOUN
spir-10942	19	2	ash	ash	NOUN
spir-10942	19	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	19	4	t.	t.	PROPN
spir-10942	19	5	g.	g.	PROPN
spir-10942	19	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	19	7	gorwa	gorwa	PROPN
spir-10942	19	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	19	9	r.	r.	PROPN
spir-10942	19	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	19	11	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	19	12	metaxa	metaxa	PROPN
spir-10942	19	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	19	14	d.	d.	PROPN
spir-10942	19	15	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	19	16	2019	2019	NUM
spir-10942	19	17	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	19	18	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	20	1	glasnost	glasnost	X
spir-10942	20	2	!	!	PUNCT
spir-10942	21	1	nine	nine	NUM
spir-10942	21	2	ways	way	NOUN
spir-10942	21	3	facebook	facebook	NOUN
spir-10942	21	4	can	can	AUX
spir-10942	21	5	make	make	VERB
spir-10942	21	6	itself	itself	PRON
spir-10942	21	7	a	a	DET
spir-10942	21	8	better	well	ADJ
spir-10942	21	9	forum	forum	NOUN
spir-10942	21	10	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	21	11	free	free	ADJ
spir-10942	21	12	speech	speech	NOUN
spir-10942	21	13	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	21	14	democracy	democracy	NOUN
spir-10942	21	15	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	22	1	oxford	oxford	PROPN
spir-10942	22	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	23	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
spir-10942	23	2	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	23	3	https://pacscenter.stanford.edu/wpcontent/uploads/2019/01/garton_ash_et_al_facebook_report_final_0.pdf	https://pacscenter.stanford.edu/wpcontent/uploads/2019/01/garton_ash_et_al_facebook_report_final_0.pdf	PROPN
spir-10942	23	4	bradshaw	bradshaw	PROPN
spir-10942	23	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	23	6	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-10942	23	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	23	8	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	23	9	howard	howard	PROPN
spir-10942	23	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	23	11	p.	p.	PROPN
spir-10942	23	12	n.	n.	PROPN
spir-10942	23	13	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	23	14	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	23	15	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	23	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	24	1	why	why	SCONJ
spir-10942	24	2	does	do	AUX
spir-10942	24	3	junk	junk	NOUN
spir-10942	24	4	news	news	NOUN
spir-10942	24	5	spread	spread	VERB
spir-10942	24	6	so	so	ADV
spir-10942	24	7	quickly	quickly	ADV
spir-10942	24	8	across	across	ADP
spir-10942	24	9	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	24	10	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	24	11	?	?	PUNCT
spir-10942	25	1	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
spir-10942	25	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	25	3	advertising	advertising	NOUN
spir-10942	25	4	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	25	5	exposure	exposure	NOUN
spir-10942	25	6	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	25	7	public	public	ADJ
spir-10942	25	8	life	life	NOUN
spir-10942	25	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	26	1	knight	knight	PROPN
spir-10942	26	2	foundation	foundation	PROPN
spir-10942	26	3	working	working	PROPN
spir-10942	26	4	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-10942	26	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	27	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
spir-10942	27	2	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	27	3	https://kf-siteproduction.s3.amazonaws.com/media_elements/files/000/000/142/original/topos_kf	https://kf-siteproduction.s3.amazonaws.com/media_elements/files/000/000/142/original/topos_kf	PROPN
spir-10942	27	4	_	_	PROPN
spir-10942	27	5	white-paper_howard_v1_ado.pdf	white-paper_howard_v1_ado.pdf	PROPN
spir-10942	27	6	bradshaw	bradshaw	PROPN
spir-10942	27	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	27	8	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-10942	27	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	27	10	neudert	neudert	PROPN
spir-10942	27	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	27	12	l.	l.	PROPN
spir-10942	27	13	m.	m.	PROPN
spir-10942	27	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	27	15	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	27	16	howard	howard	PROPN
spir-10942	27	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	27	18	p.	p.	PROPN
spir-10942	27	19	n.	n.	PROPN
spir-10942	27	20	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	27	21	2019	2019	NUM
spir-10942	27	22	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	27	23	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	28	1	government	government	NOUN
spir-10942	28	2	responses	response	NOUN
spir-10942	28	3	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	28	4	malicious	malicious	ADJ
spir-10942	28	5	uses	use	NOUN
spir-10942	28	6	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	28	7	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	28	8	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	28	9	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	28	10	working	work	VERB
spir-10942	28	11	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-10942	28	12	2019.2	2019.2	NUM
spir-10942	28	13	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	28	14	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	29	1	oxford	oxford	PROPN
spir-10942	29	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	29	3	uk	uk	PROPN
spir-10942	29	4	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	29	5	oxford	oxford	PROPN
spir-10942	29	6	university	university	PROPN
spir-10942	29	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	29	8	project	project	NOUN
spir-10942	29	9	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	29	10	computational	computational	ADJ
spir-10942	29	11	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
spir-10942	29	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	30	1	faris	faris	PROPN
spir-10942	30	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	30	3	r.	r.	PROPN
spir-10942	30	4	m.	m.	PROPN
spir-10942	30	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	30	6	roberts	roberts	PROPN
spir-10942	30	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	30	8	h.	h.	PROPN
spir-10942	30	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	30	10	etling	etling	PROPN
spir-10942	30	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	30	12	b.	b.	PROPN
spir-10942	30	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	30	14	bourassa	bourassa	PROPN
spir-10942	30	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	30	16	n.	n.	NOUN
spir-10942	30	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	30	18	zuckerman	zuckerman	PROPN
spir-10942	30	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	30	20	e.	e.	PROPN
spir-10942	30	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	30	22	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	30	23	benkler	benkler	PROPN
spir-10942	30	24	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	30	25	y.	y.	PROPN
spir-10942	30	26	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	30	27	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	30	28	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	30	29	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	31	1	partisanship	partisanship	NOUN
spir-10942	31	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	31	3	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
spir-10942	31	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	31	5	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	31	6	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-10942	31	7	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	31	8	online	online	ADJ
spir-10942	31	9	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	31	10	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	31	11	the	the	DET
spir-10942	31	12	2016	2016	NUM
spir-10942	31	13	u.s	u.s	PROPN
spir-10942	31	14	.	.	PROPN
spir-10942	31	15	presidential	presidential	ADJ
spir-10942	31	16	election	election	NOUN
spir-10942	31	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	32	1	berkman	berkman	PROPN
spir-10942	32	2	klein	klein	PROPN
spir-10942	32	3	center	center	PROPN
spir-10942	32	4	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	32	5	internet	internet	PROPN
spir-10942	32	6	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	32	7	society	society	PROPN
spir-10942	32	8	research	research	PROPN
spir-10942	32	9	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-10942	32	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	33	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
spir-10942	33	2	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	33	3	https://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/33759251/201708_electionreport_0.pdf	https://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/33759251/201708_electionreport_0.pdf	PROPN
spir-10942	33	4	https://pacscenter.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/garton_ash_et_al_facebook_report_final_0.pdf	https://pacscenter.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/garton_ash_et_al_facebook_report_final_0.pdf	PROPN
spir-10942	33	5	https://pacscenter.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/garton_ash_et_al_facebook_report_final_0.pdf	https://pacscenter.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/garton_ash_et_al_facebook_report_final_0.pdf	PROPN
spir-10942	33	6	ferrara	ferrara	NOUN
spir-10942	33	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	33	8	e.	e.	PROPN
spir-10942	33	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	33	10	varol	varol	PROPN
spir-10942	33	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	33	12	o.	o.	PROPN
spir-10942	33	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	33	14	davis	davis	PROPN
spir-10942	33	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	33	16	c.	c.	PROPN
spir-10942	33	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	33	18	menczer	menczer	NOUN
spir-10942	33	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	33	20	f.	f.	PROPN
spir-10942	33	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	33	22	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	33	23	flammini	flammini	PROPN
spir-10942	33	24	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	33	25	a.	a.	NOUN
spir-10942	33	26	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	33	27	2016	2016	NUM
spir-10942	33	28	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	33	29	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	34	1	the	the	DET
spir-10942	34	2	rise	rise	NOUN
spir-10942	34	3	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	34	4	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	34	5	bots	bot	NOUN
spir-10942	34	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	35	1	commun	commun	PROPN
spir-10942	35	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	35	3	acm	acm	PROPN
spir-10942	35	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	35	5	59	59	NUM
spir-10942	35	6	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	35	7	7	7	NUM
spir-10942	35	8	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	35	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	35	10	96–104	96–104	PROPN
spir-10942	35	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	36	1	https://doi.org/10.1145/2818717	https://doi.org/10.1145/2818717	PROPN
spir-10942	36	2	marwick	marwick	PROPN
spir-10942	36	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	36	4	a.	a.	PROPN
spir-10942	36	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	36	6	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	36	7	lewis	lewis	PROPN
spir-10942	36	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	36	9	r.	r.	PROPN
spir-10942	36	10	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	36	11	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	36	12	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	36	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	37	1	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	37	2	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
spir-10942	37	3	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	37	4	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-10942	37	5	online	online	ADV
spir-10942	37	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	38	1	data	data	PROPN
spir-10942	38	2	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	38	3	society	society	PROPN
spir-10942	38	4	research	research	PROPN
spir-10942	38	5	institute	institute	PROPN
spir-10942	38	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	39	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
spir-10942	39	2	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	39	3	https://datasociety.net/pubs/oh/dataandsociety_mediamanipulationanddisinformationo	https://datasociety.net/pubs/oh/dataandsociety_mediamanipulationanddisinformationo	PROPN
spir-10942	39	4	nline.pdf	nline.pdf	X
spir-10942	39	5	persily	persily	ADV
spir-10942	39	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	39	7	n.	n.	NOUN
spir-10942	39	8	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	39	9	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	39	10	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	39	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	40	1	the	the	DET
spir-10942	40	2	2016	2016	NUM
spir-10942	40	3	u.s	u.s	PROPN
spir-10942	40	4	.	.	PROPN
spir-10942	40	5	election	election	NOUN
spir-10942	40	6	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	40	7	can	can	AUX
spir-10942	40	8	democracy	democracy	NOUN
spir-10942	40	9	survive	survive	VERB
spir-10942	40	10	the	the	DET
spir-10942	40	11	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-10942	40	12	?	?	PUNCT
spir-10942	41	1	journal	journal	NOUN
spir-10942	41	2	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	41	3	democracy	democracy	NOUN
spir-10942	41	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	41	5	28(2	28(2	NUM
spir-10942	41	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	41	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	41	8	63–76	63–76	PROPN
spir-10942	41	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	42	1	silverman	silverman	PROPN
spir-10942	42	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	42	3	c.	c.	PROPN
spir-10942	42	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	42	5	2015	2015	NUM
spir-10942	42	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	42	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	43	1	lies	lie	NOUN
spir-10942	43	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	43	3	damn	damn	ADV
spir-10942	43	4	lies	lie	NOUN
spir-10942	43	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	43	6	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	43	7	viral	viral	ADJ
spir-10942	43	8	content	content	NOUN
spir-10942	43	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	44	1	how	how	SCONJ
spir-10942	44	2	news	news	NOUN
spir-10942	44	3	websites	website	NOUN
spir-10942	44	4	spread	spread	VERB
spir-10942	44	5	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	44	6	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	44	7	debunk	debunk	VERB
spir-10942	44	8	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	44	9	online	online	ADJ
spir-10942	44	10	rumors	rumor	NOUN
spir-10942	44	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	44	12	unverified	unverified	ADJ
spir-10942	44	13	claims	claim	NOUN
spir-10942	44	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	44	15	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	44	16	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN
spir-10942	44	17	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	44	18	p.	p.	NOUN
spir-10942	44	19	164	164	NUM
spir-10942	44	20	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	44	21	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	45	1	tow	tow	NOUN
spir-10942	45	2	center	center	NOUN
spir-10942	45	3	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	45	4	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-10942	45	5	journalism	journalism	NOUN
spir-10942	45	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	46	1	tucker	tucker	PROPN
spir-10942	46	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	46	3	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-10942	46	4	a.	a.	PROPN
spir-10942	46	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	46	6	theocharis	theocharis	PROPN
spir-10942	46	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	46	8	y.	y.	PROPN
spir-10942	46	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	46	10	roberts	roberts	PROPN
spir-10942	46	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	46	12	m.	m.	PROPN
spir-10942	46	13	e.	e.	PROPN
spir-10942	46	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	46	15	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	46	16	barberá	barberá	PROPN
spir-10942	46	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	46	18	p.	p.	NOUN
spir-10942	46	19	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	46	20	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	46	21	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	46	22	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	47	1	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	47	2	liberation	liberation	NOUN
spir-10942	47	3	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	47	4	turmoil	turmoil	NOUN
spir-10942	47	5	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	47	6	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	47	7	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	47	8	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	47	9	democracy	democracy	NOUN
spir-10942	47	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	48	1	journal	journal	NOUN
spir-10942	48	2	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	48	3	democracy	democracy	NOUN
spir-10942	48	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	48	5	28(4	28(4	NUM
spir-10942	48	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	48	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	48	8	46–59	46–59	PROPN
spir-10942	48	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	48	10	woolley	woolley	PROPN
spir-10942	48	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	48	12	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-10942	48	13	c.	c.	PROPN
spir-10942	48	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	48	15	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	48	16	howard	howard	PROPN
spir-10942	48	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	48	18	p.	p.	PROPN
spir-10942	48	19	n.	n.	PROPN
spir-10942	48	20	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	48	21	2016	2016	NUM
spir-10942	48	22	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	48	23	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	49	1	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	49	2	communication	communication	NOUN
spir-10942	49	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	49	4	computational	computational	ADJ
spir-10942	49	5	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
spir-10942	49	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	49	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	49	8	autonomous	autonomous	ADJ
spir-10942	49	9	agents	agent	NOUN
spir-10942	49	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	50	1	international	international	ADJ
spir-10942	50	2	journal	journal	NOUN
spir-10942	50	3	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	50	4	communication	communication	NOUN
spir-10942	50	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	50	6	10	10	NUM
spir-10942	50	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	50	8	4882–4890	4882–4890	NOUN
spir-10942	50	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	51	1	wu	wu	PROPN
spir-10942	51	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	51	3	t.	t.	PROPN
spir-10942	51	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	51	5	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	51	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	51	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	52	1	the	the	DET
spir-10942	52	2	attention	attention	NOUN
spir-10942	52	3	merchants	merchant	NOUN
spir-10942	52	4	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	52	5	the	the	DET
spir-10942	52	6	epic	epic	ADJ
spir-10942	52	7	struggle	struggle	NOUN
spir-10942	52	8	to	to	PART
spir-10942	52	9	get	get	VERB
spir-10942	52	10	inside	inside	ADP
spir-10942	52	11	our	our	PRON
spir-10942	52	12	heads	head	NOUN
spir-10942	52	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	53	1	atlantic	atlantic	ADJ
spir-10942	53	2	books	book	NOUN
spir-10942	53	3	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	54	1	vosoughi	vosoughi	PROPN
spir-10942	54	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	54	3	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-10942	54	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	54	5	roy	roy	PROPN
spir-10942	54	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	54	7	d.	d.	PROPN
spir-10942	54	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	54	9	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	54	10	aral	aral	PROPN
spir-10942	54	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	54	12	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-10942	54	13	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	54	14	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	54	15	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	54	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	55	1	the	the	DET
spir-10942	55	2	spread	spread	NOUN
spir-10942	55	3	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	55	4	true	true	ADJ
spir-10942	55	5	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	55	6	false	false	ADJ
spir-10942	55	7	news	news	NOUN
spir-10942	55	8	online	online	NOUN
spir-10942	55	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	56	1	science	science	NOUN
spir-10942	56	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	56	3	359(6380	359(6380	NUM
spir-10942	56	4	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	56	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	56	6	1146–1151	1146–1151	NUM
spir-10942	56	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	57	1	https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aap9559	https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aap9559	NUM
spir-10942	58	1	https://doi.org/10.1145/2818717	https://doi.org/10.1145/2818717	NOUN
spir-10942	58	2	https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aap9559	https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aap9559	INTJ
spir-10942	58	3	understanding	understand	VERB
spir-10942	58	4	the	the	DET
spir-10942	58	5	human	human	ADJ
spir-10942	58	6	impact	impact	NOUN
spir-10942	58	7	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	58	8	computational	computational	ADJ
spir-10942	58	9	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
spir-10942	58	10	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	58	11	anti	anti	ADJ
spir-10942	58	12	-	-	NOUN
spir-10942	58	13	semitism	semitism	NOUN
spir-10942	58	14	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	58	15	the	the	DET
spir-10942	58	16	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	58	17	us	us	PROPN
spir-10942	58	18	midterm	midterm	NOUN
spir-10942	58	19	elections	election	NOUN
spir-10942	58	20	samuel	samuel	PROPN
spir-10942	58	21	woolley	woolley	PROPN
spir-10942	58	22	digital	digital	PROPN
spir-10942	58	23	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
spir-10942	58	24	lab	lab	PROPN
spir-10942	58	25	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	58	26	institute	institute	NOUN
spir-10942	58	27	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	58	28	the	the	DET
spir-10942	58	29	future	future	ADJ
spir-10942	58	30	katie	katie	PROPN
spir-10942	58	31	joseff	joseff	PROPN
spir-10942	58	32	digital	digital	PROPN
spir-10942	58	33	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
spir-10942	58	34	lab	lab	PROPN
spir-10942	58	35	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	58	36	institute	institute	NOUN
spir-10942	58	37	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	58	38	the	the	DET
spir-10942	58	39	future	future	ADJ
spir-10942	58	40	introduction	introduction	NOUN
spir-10942	58	41	jeff	jeff	PROPN
spir-10942	58	42	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	58	43	a	a	DET
spir-10942	58	44	jewish	jewish	ADJ
spir-10942	58	45	american	american	ADJ
spir-10942	58	46	reporter	reporter	NOUN
spir-10942	58	47	at	at	ADP
spir-10942	58	48	a	a	DET
spir-10942	58	49	major	major	ADJ
spir-10942	58	50	u.s	u.s	PROPN
spir-10942	58	51	.	.	PROPN
spir-10942	58	52	news	news	PROPN
spir-10942	58	53	outlet	outlet	PROPN
spir-10942	58	54	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	58	55	first	first	ADV
spir-10942	58	56	experienced	experience	VERB
spir-10942	58	57	antisemitic	antisemitic	ADJ
spir-10942	58	58	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	58	59	attacks	attack	NOUN
spir-10942	58	60	online	online	ADV
spir-10942	58	61	during	during	ADP
spir-10942	58	62	the	the	DET
spir-10942	58	63	2016	2016	NUM
spir-10942	58	64	u.s	u.s	PROPN
spir-10942	58	65	.	.	PROPN
spir-10942	58	66	presidential	presidential	ADJ
spir-10942	58	67	election	election	NOUN
spir-10942	58	68	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	59	1	when	when	SCONJ
spir-10942	59	2	his	his	PRON
spir-10942	59	3	stories	story	NOUN
spir-10942	59	4	gained	gain	VERB
spir-10942	59	5	traction	traction	NOUN
spir-10942	59	6	—	—	PUNCT
spir-10942	59	7	or	or	CCONJ
spir-10942	59	8	featured	feature	VERB
spir-10942	59	9	details	detail	NOUN
spir-10942	59	10	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	59	11	topics	topic	NOUN
spir-10942	59	12	such	such	ADJ
spir-10942	59	13	as	as	ADP
spir-10942	59	14	white	white	ADJ
spir-10942	59	15	nationalism	nationalism	NOUN
spir-10942	59	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	59	17	donald	donald	PROPN
spir-10942	59	18	trump	trump	PROPN
spir-10942	59	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	59	20	or	or	CCONJ
spir-10942	59	21	libertarianism	libertarianism	NOUN
spir-10942	59	22	—	—	PUNCT
spir-10942	59	23	he	he	PRON
spir-10942	59	24	would	would	AUX
spir-10942	59	25	be	be	AUX
spir-10942	59	26	sent	send	VERB
spir-10942	59	27	photoshopped	photoshoppe	VERB
spir-10942	59	28	images	image	NOUN
spir-10942	59	29	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	59	30	his	his	PRON
spir-10942	59	31	face	face	NOUN
spir-10942	59	32	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	59	33	a	a	DET
spir-10942	59	34	gas	gas	NOUN
spir-10942	59	35	chamber	chamber	NOUN
spir-10942	59	36	or	or	CCONJ
spir-10942	59	37	messages	message	NOUN
spir-10942	59	38	threatening	threaten	VERB
spir-10942	59	39	violence	violence	NOUN
spir-10942	59	40	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	60	1	now	now	ADV
spir-10942	60	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	60	3	this	this	DET
spir-10942	60	4	harassment	harassment	NOUN
spir-10942	60	5	has	have	AUX
spir-10942	60	6	become	become	VERB
spir-10942	60	7	common	common	ADJ
spir-10942	60	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	61	1	“	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	61	2	it	it	PRON
spir-10942	61	3	has	have	AUX
spir-10942	61	4	become	become	VERB
spir-10942	61	5	something	something	PRON
spir-10942	61	6	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	61	7	i	i	PRON
spir-10942	61	8	expect	expect	VERB
spir-10942	61	9	to	to	PART
spir-10942	61	10	happen	happen	VERB
spir-10942	61	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	61	12	”	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	61	13	he	he	PRON
spir-10942	61	14	said	say	VERB
spir-10942	61	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	61	16	“	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	61	17	i	i	PRON
spir-10942	61	18	do	do	AUX
spir-10942	61	19	n’t	not	PART
spir-10942	61	20	even	even	ADV
spir-10942	61	21	think	think	VERB
spir-10942	61	22	about	about	ADP
spir-10942	61	23	it	it	PRON
spir-10942	61	24	anymore	anymore	ADV
spir-10942	61	25	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	61	26	”	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	62	1	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	62	2	jeff	jeff	PROPN
spir-10942	62	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	62	4	the	the	DET
spir-10942	62	5	2016	2016	NUM
spir-10942	62	6	election	election	NOUN
spir-10942	62	7	was	be	AUX
spir-10942	62	8	a	a	DET
spir-10942	62	9	major	major	ADJ
spir-10942	62	10	impetus	impetus	NOUN
spir-10942	62	11	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	62	12	transformed	transform	VERB
spir-10942	62	13	the	the	DET
spir-10942	62	14	online	online	ADJ
spir-10942	62	15	sphere	sphere	NOUN
spir-10942	62	16	into	into	ADP
spir-10942	62	17	a	a	DET
spir-10942	62	18	hotbed	hotbed	NOUN
spir-10942	62	19	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	62	20	hate	hate	NOUN
spir-10942	62	21	speech	speech	NOUN
spir-10942	62	22	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	62	23	harassment	harassment	NOUN
spir-10942	62	24	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	63	1	the	the	DET
spir-10942	63	2	number	number	NOUN
spir-10942	63	3	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	63	4	jewish	jewish	ADJ
spir-10942	63	5	people	people	NOUN
spir-10942	63	6	living	live	VERB
spir-10942	63	7	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	63	8	the	the	DET
spir-10942	63	9	united	united	PROPN
spir-10942	63	10	states	states	PROPN
spir-10942	63	11	is	be	AUX
spir-10942	63	12	estimated	estimate	VERB
spir-10942	63	13	to	to	PART
spir-10942	63	14	be	be	AUX
spir-10942	63	15	between	between	ADP
spir-10942	63	16	4.2	4.2	NUM
spir-10942	63	17	million	million	NUM
spir-10942	63	18	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	63	19	12	12	NUM
spir-10942	63	20	million	million	NUM
spir-10942	63	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	63	22	the	the	DET
spir-10942	63	23	wide	wide	ADJ
spir-10942	63	24	range	range	NOUN
spir-10942	63	25	due	due	ADP
spir-10942	63	26	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	63	27	religious	religious	ADJ
spir-10942	63	28	versus	versus	ADP
spir-10942	63	29	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
spir-10942	63	30	distinctions	distinction	NOUN
spir-10942	63	31	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	63	32	steinhardt	steinhardt	ADJ
spir-10942	63	33	social	social	PROPN
spir-10942	63	34	research	research	PROPN
spir-10942	63	35	institute	institute	NOUN
spir-10942	63	36	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	63	37	2016	2016	NUM
spir-10942	63	38	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	63	39	dellapergola	dellapergola	PROPN
spir-10942	63	40	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	63	41	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	63	42	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	63	43	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	64	1	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	64	2	many	many	ADJ
spir-10942	64	3	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	64	4	these	these	DET
spir-10942	64	5	individuals	individual	NOUN
spir-10942	64	6	—	—	PUNCT
spir-10942	64	7	especially	especially	ADV
spir-10942	64	8	those	those	PRON
spir-10942	64	9	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	64	10	the	the	DET
spir-10942	64	11	public	public	ADJ
spir-10942	64	12	eye	eye	NOUN
spir-10942	64	13	—	—	PUNCT
spir-10942	64	14	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	64	15	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	64	16	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-10942	64	17	have	have	AUX
spir-10942	64	18	become	become	VERB
spir-10942	64	19	inhospitable	inhospitable	ADJ
spir-10942	64	20	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	64	21	both	both	CCONJ
spir-10942	64	22	general	general	ADJ
spir-10942	64	23	communication	communication	NOUN
spir-10942	64	24	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	64	25	as	as	ADP
spir-10942	64	26	forums	forum	NOUN
spir-10942	64	27	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	64	28	discussing	discuss	VERB
spir-10942	64	29	public	public	ADJ
spir-10942	64	30	life	life	NOUN
spir-10942	64	31	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	65	1	this	this	DET
spir-10942	65	2	report	report	NOUN
spir-10942	65	3	explores	explore	VERB
spir-10942	65	4	the	the	DET
spir-10942	65	5	ways	way	NOUN
spir-10942	65	6	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	65	7	which	which	PRON
spir-10942	65	8	online	online	ADJ
spir-10942	65	9	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
spir-10942	65	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	65	11	harassment	harassment	NOUN
spir-10942	65	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	65	13	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	65	14	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	65	15	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
spir-10942	65	16	have	have	AUX
spir-10942	65	17	impacted	impact	VERB
spir-10942	65	18	jewish	jewish	ADJ
spir-10942	65	19	americans	americans	PROPN
spir-10942	65	20	during	during	ADP
spir-10942	65	21	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	65	22	after	after	ADP
spir-10942	65	23	the	the	DET
spir-10942	65	24	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	65	25	u.s	u.s	PROPN
spir-10942	65	26	.	.	PROPN
spir-10942	65	27	midterm	midterm	PROPN
spir-10942	65	28	elections	election	NOUN
spir-10942	65	29	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	66	1	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	66	2	the	the	DET
spir-10942	66	3	course	course	NOUN
spir-10942	66	4	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	66	5	our	our	PRON
spir-10942	66	6	research	research	NOUN
spir-10942	66	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	66	8	interview	interview	NOUN
spir-10942	66	9	subjects	subject	NOUN
spir-10942	66	10	have	have	AUX
spir-10942	66	11	described	describe	VERB
spir-10942	66	12	a	a	DET
spir-10942	66	13	marked	mark	VERB
spir-10942	66	14	rise	rise	NOUN
spir-10942	66	15	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	66	16	the	the	DET
spir-10942	66	17	number	number	NOUN
spir-10942	66	18	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	66	19	online	online	ADJ
spir-10942	66	20	attacks	attack	NOUN
spir-10942	66	21	they	they	PRON
spir-10942	66	22	have	have	AUX
spir-10942	66	23	experienced	experience	VERB
spir-10942	66	24	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	67	1	correspondingly	correspondingly	ADV
spir-10942	67	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	67	3	our	our	PRON
spir-10942	67	4	data	data	NOUN
spir-10942	67	5	analyses	analysis	NOUN
spir-10942	67	6	suggests	suggest	VERB
spir-10942	67	7	that	that	SCONJ
spir-10942	67	8	tools	tool	NOUN
spir-10942	67	9	like	like	ADP
spir-10942	67	10	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	67	11	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	67	12	bots	bot	NOUN
spir-10942	67	13	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	67	14	tactics	tactic	NOUN
spir-10942	67	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	67	16	including	include	VERB
spir-10942	67	17	doxxing	doxxe	VERB
spir-10942	67	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	67	19	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-10942	67	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	67	21	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	67	22	politically	politically	ADV
spir-10942	67	23	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	67	24	motivated	motivate	VERB
spir-10942	67	25	threats	threat	NOUN
spir-10942	67	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	67	27	have	have	AUX
spir-10942	67	28	been	be	AUX
spir-10942	67	29	used	use	VERB
spir-10942	67	30	to	to	PART
spir-10942	67	31	target	target	VERB
spir-10942	67	32	jewish	jewish	ADJ
spir-10942	67	33	americans	americans	PROPN
spir-10942	67	34	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	68	1	literature	literature	NOUN
spir-10942	68	2	review	review	NOUN
spir-10942	68	3	there	there	PRON
spir-10942	68	4	has	have	AUX
spir-10942	68	5	been	be	AUX
spir-10942	68	6	an	an	DET
spir-10942	68	7	undisputed	undisputed	ADJ
spir-10942	68	8	rise	rise	NOUN
spir-10942	68	9	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	68	10	white	white	ADJ
spir-10942	68	11	supremacist	supremacist	ADJ
spir-10942	68	12	activities	activity	NOUN
spir-10942	68	13	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	68	14	overt	overt	ADJ
spir-10942	68	15	antisemitism	antisemitism	NOUN
spir-10942	68	16	following	follow	VERB
spir-10942	68	17	the	the	DET
spir-10942	68	18	2016	2016	NUM
spir-10942	68	19	u.s	u.s	PROPN
spir-10942	68	20	.	.	PROPN
spir-10942	68	21	election	election	NOUN
spir-10942	68	22	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	68	23	adl	adl	PROPN
spir-10942	68	24	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	68	25	2018b	2018b	NUM
spir-10942	68	26	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	68	27	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	69	1	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	69	2	2016	2016	NUM
spir-10942	69	3	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	69	4	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	69	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	69	6	the	the	DET
spir-10942	69	7	number	number	NOUN
spir-10942	69	8	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	69	9	established	establish	VERB
spir-10942	69	10	neo	neo	ADJ
spir-10942	69	11	-	-	ADJ
spir-10942	69	12	nazi	nazi	ADJ
spir-10942	69	13	groups	group	NOUN
spir-10942	69	14	increased	increase	VERB
spir-10942	69	15	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	69	16	99	99	NUM
spir-10942	69	17	to	to	PART
spir-10942	69	18	121	121	NUM
spir-10942	69	19	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	69	20	splc	splc	NOUN
spir-10942	69	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	69	22	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	69	23	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	69	24	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	69	25	twice	twice	ADV
spir-10942	69	26	as	as	ADV
spir-10942	69	27	many	many	ADJ
spir-10942	69	28	hate	hate	ADJ
spir-10942	69	29	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	69	30	motivated	motivated	ADJ
spir-10942	69	31	murders	murder	NOUN
spir-10942	69	32	were	be	AUX
spir-10942	69	33	committed	commit	VERB
spir-10942	69	34	by	by	ADP
spir-10942	69	35	white	white	ADJ
spir-10942	69	36	supremacists	supremacist	NOUN
spir-10942	69	37	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	69	38	baynes	bayne	NOUN
spir-10942	69	39	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	69	40	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	69	41	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	69	42	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	69	43	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	69	44	there	there	PRON
spir-10942	69	45	was	be	VERB
spir-10942	69	46	a	a	DET
spir-10942	69	47	258	258	NUM
spir-10942	69	48	%	%	NOUN
spir-10942	69	49	increase	increase	NOUN
spir-10942	69	50	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	69	51	the	the	DET
spir-10942	69	52	number	number	NOUN
spir-10942	69	53	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	69	54	white	white	ADJ
spir-10942	69	55	supremacist	supremacist	ADJ
spir-10942	69	56	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
spir-10942	69	57	incidents	incident	NOUN
spir-10942	69	58	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	69	59	college	college	NOUN
spir-10942	69	60	campuses	campus	NOUN
spir-10942	69	61	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	69	62	adl	adl	PROPN
spir-10942	69	63	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	69	64	2018a	2018a	NUM
spir-10942	69	65	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	69	66	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	70	1	while	while	SCONJ
spir-10942	70	2	not	not	PART
spir-10942	70	3	all	all	PRON
spir-10942	70	4	white	white	ADJ
spir-10942	70	5	supremacist	supremacist	ADJ
spir-10942	70	6	groups	group	NOUN
spir-10942	70	7	consider	consider	VERB
spir-10942	70	8	themselves	themselves	PRON
spir-10942	70	9	anti	anti	ADJ
spir-10942	70	10	-	-	ADJ
spir-10942	70	11	semitic	semitic	ADJ
spir-10942	70	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	70	13	anti	anti	ADJ
spir-10942	70	14	-	-	ADJ
spir-10942	70	15	semitism	semitism	NOUN
spir-10942	70	16	is	be	AUX
spir-10942	70	17	often	often	ADV
spir-10942	70	18	a	a	DET
spir-10942	70	19	core	core	ADJ
spir-10942	70	20	tenet	tenet	NOUN
spir-10942	70	21	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	70	22	white	white	ADJ
spir-10942	70	23	supremacy	supremacy	NOUN
spir-10942	70	24	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	70	25	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	70	26	by	by	ADP
spir-10942	70	27	extension	extension	NOUN
spir-10942	70	28	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	70	29	white	white	ADJ
spir-10942	70	30	nationalism	nationalism	NOUN
spir-10942	70	31	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	70	32	neo	neo	NOUN
spir-10942	70	33	-	-	NOUN
spir-10942	70	34	nazism	nazism	NOUN
spir-10942	70	35	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	70	36	ferber	ferber	PROPN
spir-10942	70	37	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	70	38	1999	1999	NUM
spir-10942	70	39	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	70	40	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	71	1	as	as	ADP
spir-10942	71	2	such	such	ADJ
spir-10942	71	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	71	4	it	it	PRON
spir-10942	71	5	comes	come	VERB
spir-10942	71	6	as	as	ADP
spir-10942	71	7	little	little	ADJ
spir-10942	71	8	surprise	surprise	NOUN
spir-10942	71	9	that	that	SCONJ
spir-10942	71	10	1,986	1,986	NUM
spir-10942	71	11	anti	anti	ADJ
spir-10942	71	12	-	-	ADJ
spir-10942	71	13	semitic	semitic	ADJ
spir-10942	71	14	incidents	incident	NOUN
spir-10942	71	15	—	—	PUNCT
spir-10942	71	16	harassment	harassment	NOUN
spir-10942	71	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	71	18	vandalism	vandalism	NOUN
spir-10942	71	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	71	20	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	71	21	assault	assault	NOUN
spir-10942	71	22	—	—	PUNCT
spir-10942	71	23	occurred	occur	VERB
spir-10942	71	24	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	71	25	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	71	26	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	71	27	adl	adl	PROPN
spir-10942	71	28	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	71	29	2018b	2018b	NUM
spir-10942	71	30	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	71	31	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	72	1	the	the	DET
spir-10942	72	2	57	57	NUM
spir-10942	72	3	%	%	NOUN
spir-10942	72	4	increase	increase	NOUN
spir-10942	72	5	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	72	6	such	such	ADJ
spir-10942	72	7	events	event	NOUN
spir-10942	72	8	was	be	AUX
spir-10942	72	9	the	the	DET
spir-10942	72	10	largest	large	ADJ
spir-10942	72	11	escalation	escalation	NOUN
spir-10942	72	12	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	72	13	a	a	DET
spir-10942	72	14	single	single	ADJ
spir-10942	72	15	year	year	NOUN
spir-10942	72	16	since	since	SCONJ
spir-10942	72	17	the	the	DET
spir-10942	72	18	anti	anti	ADJ
spir-10942	72	19	-	-	ADJ
spir-10942	72	20	defamation	defamation	ADJ
spir-10942	72	21	league	league	NOUN
spir-10942	72	22	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	72	23	adl	adl	PROPN
spir-10942	72	24	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	72	25	first	first	ADV
spir-10942	72	26	began	begin	VERB
spir-10942	72	27	recording	record	VERB
spir-10942	72	28	incidents	incident	NOUN
spir-10942	72	29	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	72	30	1979	1979	NUM
spir-10942	72	31	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	73	1	a	a	DET
spir-10942	73	2	staggering	staggering	ADJ
spir-10942	73	3	expansion	expansion	NOUN
spir-10942	73	4	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	73	5	online	online	ADJ
spir-10942	73	6	harassment	harassment	NOUN
spir-10942	73	7	coincided	coincide	VERB
spir-10942	73	8	with	with	ADP
spir-10942	73	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	73	10	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	73	11	arguably	arguably	ADV
spir-10942	73	12	fomented	foment	VERB
spir-10942	73	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	73	14	the	the	DET
spir-10942	73	15	increase	increase	NOUN
spir-10942	73	16	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	73	17	offline	offline	ADJ
spir-10942	73	18	anti	anti	ADJ
spir-10942	73	19	-	-	NOUN
spir-10942	73	20	semitism	semitism	ADJ
spir-10942	73	21	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	74	1	fringe	fringe	NOUN
spir-10942	74	2	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-10942	74	3	communities	community	NOUN
spir-10942	74	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	74	5	such	such	ADJ
spir-10942	74	6	as	as	ADP
spir-10942	74	7	4chan	4chan	NUM
spir-10942	74	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	74	9	8chan	8chan	NUM
spir-10942	74	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	74	11	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	74	12	gab	gab	PROPN
spir-10942	74	13	allowed	allow	VERB
spir-10942	74	14	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	74	15	the	the	DET
spir-10942	74	16	propagation	propagation	NOUN
spir-10942	74	17	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	74	18	such	such	ADJ
spir-10942	74	19	ideas	idea	NOUN
spir-10942	74	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	74	21	which	which	PRON
spir-10942	74	22	quickly	quickly	ADV
spir-10942	74	23	spread	spread	VERB
spir-10942	74	24	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	74	25	twitter	twitter	NOUN
spir-10942	74	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	74	27	reddit	reddit	NOUN
spir-10942	74	28	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	74	29	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	74	30	other	other	ADJ
spir-10942	74	31	mainstream	mainstream	NOUN
spir-10942	74	32	online	online	ADJ
spir-10942	74	33	communities	community	NOUN
spir-10942	74	34	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	74	35	marwick	marwick	PROPN
spir-10942	74	36	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	74	37	lewis	lewis	PROPN
spir-10942	74	38	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	74	39	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	74	40	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	74	41	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	75	1	an	an	DET
spir-10942	75	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-10942	75	3	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	75	4	over	over	ADP
spir-10942	75	5	100	100	NUM
spir-10942	75	6	million	million	NUM
spir-10942	75	7	posts	post	NOUN
spir-10942	75	8	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	75	9	gab	gab	NOUN
spir-10942	75	10	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	75	11	4chan	4chan	NUM
spir-10942	75	12	’s	’s	PART
spir-10942	75	13	politically	politically	ADV
spir-10942	75	14	incorrect	incorrect	ADJ
spir-10942	75	15	message	message	NOUN
spir-10942	75	16	board	board	NOUN
spir-10942	75	17	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	75	18	/pol/	/pol/	NOUN
spir-10942	75	19	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	75	20	found	find	VERB
spir-10942	75	21	that	that	SCONJ
spir-10942	75	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	75	23	between	between	ADP
spir-10942	75	24	july	july	PROPN
spir-10942	75	25	2016	2016	NUM
spir-10942	75	26	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	75	27	january	january	PROPN
spir-10942	75	28	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	75	29	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	75	30	the	the	DET
spir-10942	75	31	use	use	NOUN
spir-10942	75	32	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	75	33	the	the	DET
spir-10942	75	34	terms	term	NOUN
spir-10942	75	35	“	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	75	36	jew	jew	PROPN
spir-10942	75	37	”	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	75	38	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	75	39	“	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	75	40	kike	kike	X
spir-10942	75	41	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	75	42	”	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	75	43	a	a	DET
spir-10942	75	44	derogatory	derogatory	ADJ
spir-10942	75	45	term	term	NOUN
spir-10942	75	46	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	75	47	jewish	jewish	ADJ
spir-10942	75	48	people	people	NOUN
spir-10942	75	49	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	75	50	more	more	ADV
spir-10942	75	51	than	than	ADP
spir-10942	75	52	doubled	double	VERB
spir-10942	75	53	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	75	54	/pol/	/pol/	PUNCT
spir-10942	75	55	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	75	56	dramatically	dramatically	ADV
spir-10942	75	57	increased	increase	VERB
spir-10942	75	58	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	75	59	gab	gab	PROPN
spir-10942	75	60	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	75	61	finkelstein	finkelstein	PROPN
spir-10942	75	62	et	et	PROPN
spir-10942	75	63	al	al	PROPN
spir-10942	75	64	.	.	PROPN
spir-10942	75	65	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	75	66	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	75	67	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	75	68	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	76	1	spikes	spike	NOUN
spir-10942	76	2	also	also	ADV
spir-10942	76	3	occurred	occur	VERB
spir-10942	76	4	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	76	5	the	the	DET
spir-10942	76	6	use	use	NOUN
spir-10942	76	7	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	76	8	both	both	DET
spir-10942	76	9	terms	term	NOUN
spir-10942	76	10	following	follow	VERB
spir-10942	76	11	president	president	PROPN
spir-10942	76	12	trump	trump	VERB
spir-10942	76	13	’s	’s	PART
spir-10942	76	14	inauguration	inauguration	NOUN
spir-10942	76	15	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	76	16	the	the	DET
spir-10942	76	17	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	76	18	unite	unite	VERB
spir-10942	76	19	the	the	DET
spir-10942	76	20	right	right	ADJ
spir-10942	76	21	rally	rally	NOUN
spir-10942	76	22	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	76	23	charlottesville	charlottesville	PROPN
spir-10942	76	24	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	76	25	adl	adl	PROPN
spir-10942	76	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	76	27	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	76	28	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	76	29	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	77	1	methodology	methodology	NOUN
spir-10942	77	2	expanding	expand	VERB
spir-10942	77	3	upon	upon	SCONJ
spir-10942	77	4	our	our	PRON
spir-10942	77	5	preliminary	preliminary	ADJ
spir-10942	77	6	report	report	NOUN
spir-10942	77	7	published	publish	VERB
spir-10942	77	8	by	by	ADP
spir-10942	77	9	the	the	DET
spir-10942	77	10	adl	adl	PROPN
spir-10942	77	11	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	77	12	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	77	13	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	77	14	woolley	woolley	PROPN
spir-10942	77	15	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	77	16	joseff	joseff	PROPN
spir-10942	77	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	77	18	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	77	19	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	77	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	77	21	the	the	DET
spir-10942	77	22	intention	intention	NOUN
spir-10942	77	23	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	77	24	this	this	DET
spir-10942	77	25	report	report	NOUN
spir-10942	77	26	is	be	AUX
spir-10942	77	27	to	to	PART
spir-10942	77	28	better	well	ADV
spir-10942	77	29	understand	understand	VERB
spir-10942	77	30	the	the	DET
spir-10942	77	31	impact	impact	NOUN
spir-10942	77	32	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	77	33	online	online	ADJ
spir-10942	77	34	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	77	35	harassment	harassment	NOUN
spir-10942	77	36	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	77	37	anti	anti	ADJ
spir-10942	77	38	-	-	ADJ
spir-10942	77	39	semitic	semitic	ADJ
spir-10942	77	40	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-10942	77	41	during	during	ADP
spir-10942	77	42	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	77	43	after	after	ADP
spir-10942	77	44	the	the	DET
spir-10942	77	45	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	77	46	u.s	u.s	PROPN
spir-10942	77	47	.	.	PROPN
spir-10942	77	48	midterm	midterm	PROPN
spir-10942	77	49	elections	election	NOUN
spir-10942	77	50	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	78	1	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	78	2	conducted	conduct	VERB
spir-10942	78	3	both	both	DET
spir-10942	78	4	interviews	interview	NOUN
spir-10942	78	5	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	78	6	analyses	analysis	NOUN
spir-10942	78	7	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	78	8	tweets	tweet	NOUN
spir-10942	78	9	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	78	10	order	order	NOUN
spir-10942	78	11	to	to	PART
spir-10942	78	12	understand	understand	VERB
spir-10942	78	13	the	the	DET
spir-10942	78	14	scope	scope	NOUN
spir-10942	78	15	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	78	16	the	the	DET
spir-10942	78	17	issue	issue	NOUN
spir-10942	78	18	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	78	19	a	a	DET
spir-10942	78	20	national	national	ADJ
spir-10942	78	21	scale	scale	NOUN
spir-10942	78	22	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	78	23	the	the	DET
spir-10942	78	24	repercussions	repercussion	NOUN
spir-10942	78	25	faced	face	VERB
spir-10942	78	26	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	78	27	the	the	DET
spir-10942	78	28	individual	individual	ADJ
spir-10942	78	29	level	level	NOUN
spir-10942	78	30	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	79	1	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	79	2	interviewed	interview	VERB
spir-10942	79	3	eighteen	eighteen	NUM
spir-10942	79	4	jewish	jewish	ADJ
spir-10942	79	5	americans	americans	PROPN
spir-10942	79	6	who	who	PRON
spir-10942	79	7	are	be	AUX
spir-10942	79	8	involved	involve	VERB
spir-10942	79	9	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	79	10	american	american	ADJ
spir-10942	79	11	politics	politic	NOUN
spir-10942	79	12	as	as	ADP
spir-10942	79	13	elected	elect	VERB
spir-10942	79	14	officials	official	NOUN
spir-10942	79	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	79	16	policy	policy	NOUN
spir-10942	79	17	makers	maker	NOUN
spir-10942	79	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	79	19	activists	activist	NOUN
spir-10942	79	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	79	21	journalists	journalist	NOUN
spir-10942	79	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	79	23	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	79	24	consultants	consultant	NOUN
spir-10942	79	25	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	80	1	while	while	SCONJ
spir-10942	80	2	somewhat	somewhat	ADV
spir-10942	80	3	limited	limit	VERB
spir-10942	80	4	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	80	5	number	number	NOUN
spir-10942	80	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	80	7	the	the	DET
spir-10942	80	8	interviewees	interviewee	NOUN
spir-10942	80	9	were	be	AUX
spir-10942	80	10	diverse	diverse	ADJ
spir-10942	80	11	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	80	12	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	80	13	affiliation	affiliation	NOUN
spir-10942	80	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	80	15	jewish	jewish	ADJ
spir-10942	80	16	movements	movement	NOUN
spir-10942	80	17	membership	membership	NOUN
spir-10942	80	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	80	19	age	age	NOUN
spir-10942	80	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	80	21	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	80	22	race	race	NOUN
spir-10942	80	23	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	81	1	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	81	2	our	our	PRON
spir-10942	81	3	data	datum	NOUN
spir-10942	81	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-10942	81	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	81	6	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	81	7	selected	select	VERB
spir-10942	81	8	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	81	9	specific	specific	ADJ
spir-10942	81	10	hashtags	hashtag	NOUN
spir-10942	81	11	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	81	12	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
spir-10942	81	13	#	#	ADJ
spir-10942	81	14	maga	maga	NOUN
spir-10942	81	15	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	81	16	#	#	SYM
spir-10942	81	17	voteblue	voteblue	NOUN
spir-10942	81	18	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	81	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	81	20	collected	collect	VERB
spir-10942	81	21	7,512,594	7,512,594	NUM
spir-10942	81	22	tweets	tweet	NOUN
spir-10942	81	23	related	relate	VERB
spir-10942	81	24	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	81	25	u.s	u.s	PROPN
spir-10942	81	26	.	.	PROPN
spir-10942	81	27	politics	politic	NOUN
spir-10942	81	28	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	82	1	using	use	VERB
spir-10942	82	2	tweepy	tweepy	PROPN
spir-10942	82	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	82	4	the	the	DET
spir-10942	82	5	tweets	tweet	NOUN
spir-10942	82	6	were	be	AUX
spir-10942	82	7	gathered	gather	VERB
spir-10942	82	8	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	82	9	groups	group	NOUN
spir-10942	82	10	between	between	ADP
spir-10942	82	11	august	august	PROPN
spir-10942	82	12	31	31	NUM
spir-10942	82	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	82	14	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	82	15	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	82	16	september	september	PROPN
spir-10942	82	17	17	17	NUM
spir-10942	82	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	82	19	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	82	20	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	83	1	the	the	DET
spir-10942	83	2	hashtags	hashtag	NOUN
spir-10942	83	3	were	be	AUX
spir-10942	83	4	categorized	categorize	VERB
spir-10942	83	5	by	by	ADP
spir-10942	83	6	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	83	7	leaning	leaning	NOUN
spir-10942	83	8	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	83	9	conservative	conservative	ADJ
spir-10942	83	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	83	11	liberal	liberal	ADJ
spir-10942	83	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	83	13	extremist	extremist	NOUN
spir-10942	83	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	83	15	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	83	16	neutral	neutral	ADJ
spir-10942	83	17	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	83	18	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
spir-10942	83	19	“	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	83	20	#	#	ADJ
spir-10942	83	21	vote	vote	NOUN
spir-10942	83	22	”	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	83	23	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	83	24	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	84	1	the	the	DET
spir-10942	84	2	hashtags	hashtag	NOUN
spir-10942	84	3	were	be	AUX
spir-10942	84	4	purposively	purposively	ADV
spir-10942	84	5	gathered	gather	VERB
spir-10942	84	6	using	use	VERB
spir-10942	84	7	markers	marker	NOUN
spir-10942	84	8	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	84	9	previous	previous	ADJ
spir-10942	84	10	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	84	11	ongoing	ongoing	ADJ
spir-10942	84	12	research	research	NOUN
spir-10942	84	13	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	84	14	twitter	twitter	NOUN
spir-10942	84	15	conversations	conversation	NOUN
spir-10942	84	16	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	84	17	kollanyi	kollanyi	PROPN
spir-10942	84	18	et	et	PROPN
spir-10942	84	19	al	al	PROPN
spir-10942	84	20	.	.	PROPN
spir-10942	84	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	84	22	2016	2016	NUM
spir-10942	84	23	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	84	24	woolley	woolley	PROPN
spir-10942	84	25	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	84	26	guilbeault	guilbeault	PROPN
spir-10942	84	27	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	84	28	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	84	29	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	84	30	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	85	1	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	85	2	worked	work	VERB
spir-10942	85	3	to	to	PART
spir-10942	85	4	be	be	AUX
spir-10942	85	5	nonpartisan	nonpartisan	ADJ
spir-10942	85	6	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	85	7	our	our	PRON
spir-10942	85	8	selection	selection	NOUN
spir-10942	85	9	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	85	10	hashtags	hashtag	NOUN
spir-10942	85	11	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	85	12	analyses	analysis	NOUN
spir-10942	85	13	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	85	14	data	datum	NOUN
spir-10942	85	15	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	85	16	order	order	NOUN
spir-10942	85	17	to	to	PART
spir-10942	85	18	produce	produce	VERB
spir-10942	85	19	the	the	DET
spir-10942	85	20	most	most	ADV
spir-10942	85	21	objective	objective	ADJ
spir-10942	85	22	results	result	NOUN
spir-10942	85	23	possible	possible	ADJ
spir-10942	85	24	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	85	25	although	although	SCONJ
spir-10942	85	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	85	27	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	85	28	accept	accept	VERB
spir-10942	85	29	the	the	DET
spir-10942	85	30	impossibility	impossibility	NOUN
spir-10942	85	31	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	85	32	true	true	ADJ
spir-10942	85	33	positivism	positivism	NOUN
spir-10942	85	34	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	85	35	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	85	36	scientific	scientific	ADJ
spir-10942	85	37	research	research	NOUN
spir-10942	85	38	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	86	1	tweets	tweet	NOUN
spir-10942	86	2	were	be	AUX
spir-10942	86	3	then	then	ADV
spir-10942	86	4	filtered	filter	VERB
spir-10942	86	5	based	base	VERB
spir-10942	86	6	upon	upon	SCONJ
spir-10942	86	7	whether	whether	SCONJ
spir-10942	86	8	or	or	CCONJ
spir-10942	86	9	not	not	PART
spir-10942	86	10	the	the	DET
spir-10942	86	11	text	text	NOUN
spir-10942	86	12	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	86	13	the	the	DET
spir-10942	86	14	tweet	tweet	NOUN
spir-10942	86	15	contained	contain	VERB
spir-10942	86	16	a	a	DET
spir-10942	86	17	series	series	NOUN
spir-10942	86	18	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	86	19	terms	term	NOUN
spir-10942	86	20	related	relate	VERB
spir-10942	86	21	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	86	22	judaism	judaism	NOUN
spir-10942	86	23	and/or	and/or	CCONJ
spir-10942	86	24	anti	anti	NOUN
spir-10942	86	25	-	-	NOUN
spir-10942	86	26	semitism	semitism	NOUN
spir-10942	86	27	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	87	1	instances	instance	NOUN
spir-10942	87	2	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	87	3	term	term	NOUN
spir-10942	87	4	use	use	NOUN
spir-10942	87	5	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	87	6	hashtags	hashtag	NOUN
spir-10942	87	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	87	8	usernames	username	NOUN
spir-10942	87	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	87	10	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	87	11	shared	share	VERB
spir-10942	87	12	links	link	NOUN
spir-10942	87	13	were	be	AUX
spir-10942	87	14	not	not	PART
spir-10942	87	15	included	include	VERB
spir-10942	87	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	88	1	the	the	DET
spir-10942	88	2	terms	term	NOUN
spir-10942	88	3	were	be	AUX
spir-10942	88	4	categorized	categorize	VERB
spir-10942	88	5	as	as	ADP
spir-10942	88	6	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	88	7	derogatory	derogatory	ADJ
spir-10942	88	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	88	9	lean	lean	ADJ
spir-10942	88	10	derogatory	derogatory	ADJ
spir-10942	88	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	88	12	context	context	NOUN
spir-10942	88	13	dependent	dependent	ADJ
spir-10942	88	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	88	15	lean	lean	ADJ
spir-10942	88	16	context	context	NOUN
spir-10942	88	17	dependent	dependent	ADJ
spir-10942	88	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	88	19	neutral	neutral	ADJ
spir-10942	88	20	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	88	21	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
spir-10942	88	22	jew	jew	PROPN
spir-10942	88	23	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	88	24	orthodox	orthodox	ADJ
spir-10942	88	25	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	88	26	israeli	israeli	ADJ
spir-10942	88	27	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	88	28	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	88	29	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	88	30	other	other	ADJ
spir-10942	88	31	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	88	32	which	which	PRON
spir-10942	88	33	consisted	consist	VERB
spir-10942	88	34	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	88	35	derogatory	derogatory	ADJ
spir-10942	88	36	terms	term	NOUN
spir-10942	88	37	historically	historically	ADV
spir-10942	88	38	used	use	VERB
spir-10942	88	39	by	by	ADP
spir-10942	88	40	jews	jews	PROPN
spir-10942	88	41	to	to	PART
spir-10942	88	42	describe	describe	VERB
spir-10942	88	43	other	other	ADJ
spir-10942	88	44	ethnicities	ethnicity	NOUN
spir-10942	88	45	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	88	46	non	non	ADJ
spir-10942	88	47	-	-	ADJ
spir-10942	88	48	jewish	jewish	ADJ
spir-10942	88	49	individuals	individual	NOUN
spir-10942	88	50	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	88	51	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	88	52	to	to	PART
spir-10942	88	53	criticize	criticize	VERB
spir-10942	88	54	other	other	ADJ
spir-10942	88	55	jews	jews	PROPN
spir-10942	88	56	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	88	57	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
spir-10942	88	58	kushi	kushi	X
spir-10942	88	59	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	88	60	kapo	kapo	PROPN
spir-10942	88	61	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	88	62	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	89	1	the	the	DET
spir-10942	89	2	accounts	account	NOUN
spir-10942	89	3	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	89	4	tweeted	tweet	VERB
spir-10942	89	5	five	five	NUM
spir-10942	89	6	or	or	CCONJ
spir-10942	89	7	more	more	ADV
spir-10942	89	8	derogatory	derogatory	ADJ
spir-10942	89	9	or	or	CCONJ
spir-10942	89	10	lean	lean	ADJ
spir-10942	89	11	derogatory	derogatory	ADJ
spir-10942	89	12	terms	term	NOUN
spir-10942	89	13	during	during	ADP
spir-10942	89	14	the	the	DET
spir-10942	89	15	time	time	NOUN
spir-10942	89	16	period	period	NOUN
spir-10942	89	17	were	be	AUX
spir-10942	89	18	then	then	ADV
spir-10942	89	19	run	run	VERB
spir-10942	89	20	through	through	ADP
spir-10942	89	21	botometer	botometer	NOUN
spir-10942	89	22	to	to	PART
spir-10942	89	23	ascertain	ascertain	VERB
spir-10942	89	24	whether	whether	SCONJ
spir-10942	89	25	or	or	CCONJ
spir-10942	89	26	not	not	PART
spir-10942	89	27	they	they	PRON
spir-10942	89	28	were	be	AUX
spir-10942	89	29	automated	automate	VERB
spir-10942	89	30	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	90	1	implications	implication	NOUN
spir-10942	90	2	the	the	DET
spir-10942	90	3	most	most	ADV
spir-10942	90	4	startling	startling	ADJ
spir-10942	90	5	trend	trend	NOUN
spir-10942	90	6	is	be	AUX
spir-10942	90	7	the	the	DET
spir-10942	90	8	transmutation	transmutation	NOUN
spir-10942	90	9	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	90	10	online	online	ADJ
spir-10942	90	11	hate	hate	NOUN
spir-10942	90	12	speech	speech	NOUN
spir-10942	90	13	into	into	ADP
spir-10942	90	14	real	real	ADJ
spir-10942	90	15	world	world	NOUN
spir-10942	90	16	violence	violence	NOUN
spir-10942	90	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	91	1	many	many	ADJ
spir-10942	91	2	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	91	3	the	the	DET
spir-10942	91	4	graphic	graphic	ADJ
spir-10942	91	5	memes	meme	NOUN
spir-10942	91	6	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	91	7	were	be	AUX
spir-10942	91	8	used	use	VERB
spir-10942	91	9	to	to	PART
spir-10942	91	10	target	target	VERB
spir-10942	91	11	our	our	PRON
spir-10942	91	12	interviewees	interviewee	NOUN
spir-10942	91	13	were	be	AUX
spir-10942	91	14	created	create	VERB
spir-10942	91	15	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	91	16	4chan	4chan	NUM
spir-10942	91	17	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	91	18	spread	spread	VERB
spir-10942	91	19	through	through	ADP
spir-10942	91	20	targeted	target	VERB
spir-10942	91	21	twitter	twitter	NOUN
spir-10942	91	22	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
spir-10942	91	23	initiated	initiate	VERB
spir-10942	91	24	by	by	ADP
spir-10942	91	25	white	white	ADJ
spir-10942	91	26	supremist	supremist	NOUN
spir-10942	91	27	leaders	leader	NOUN
spir-10942	91	28	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	92	1	often	often	ADV
spir-10942	92	2	these	these	DET
spir-10942	92	3	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
spir-10942	92	4	involved	involve	VERB
spir-10942	92	5	doxxing	doxxe	VERB
spir-10942	92	6	—	—	PUNCT
spir-10942	92	7	the	the	DET
spir-10942	92	8	release	release	NOUN
spir-10942	92	9	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	92	10	the	the	DET
spir-10942	92	11	target	target	NOUN
spir-10942	92	12	’s	’s	PART
spir-10942	92	13	private	private	ADJ
spir-10942	92	14	information	information	NOUN
spir-10942	92	15	—	—	PUNCT
spir-10942	92	16	which	which	PRON
spir-10942	92	17	increases	increase	VERB
spir-10942	92	18	the	the	DET
spir-10942	92	19	likelihood	likelihood	NOUN
spir-10942	92	20	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	92	21	offline	offline	ADJ
spir-10942	92	22	violence	violence	NOUN
spir-10942	92	23	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	93	1	the	the	DET
spir-10942	93	2	immense	immense	ADJ
spir-10942	93	3	stress	stress	NOUN
spir-10942	93	4	caused	cause	VERB
spir-10942	93	5	by	by	ADP
spir-10942	93	6	these	these	DET
spir-10942	93	7	attacks	attack	NOUN
spir-10942	93	8	is	be	AUX
spir-10942	93	9	difficult	difficult	ADJ
spir-10942	93	10	to	to	PART
spir-10942	93	11	quantify	quantify	VERB
spir-10942	93	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	94	1	references	reference	NOUN
spir-10942	94	2	adl	adl	PROPN
spir-10942	94	3	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	95	1	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	95	2	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	95	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	95	4	august	august	PROPN
spir-10942	95	5	7	7	NUM
spir-10942	95	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	95	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	96	1	“	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	96	2	unite	unite	VERB
spir-10942	96	3	the	the	DET
spir-10942	96	4	right	right	ADJ
spir-10942	96	5	”	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	96	6	rally	rally	NOUN
spir-10942	96	7	could	could	AUX
spir-10942	96	8	be	be	AUX
spir-10942	96	9	largest	large	ADJ
spir-10942	96	10	white	white	ADJ
spir-10942	96	11	supremacist	supremacist	ADJ
spir-10942	96	12	gathering	gathering	NOUN
spir-10942	96	13	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	96	14	a	a	DET
spir-10942	96	15	decade	decade	NOUN
spir-10942	96	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	97	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
spir-10942	97	2	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	97	3	https://www.adl.org/blog/unite-the-right-rallycould-be-largest-white-supremacist-gathering-in-a-decade	https://www.adl.org/blog/unite-the-right-rallycould-be-largest-white-supremacist-gathering-in-a-decade	NOUN
spir-10942	97	4	adl	adl	PROPN
spir-10942	97	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	97	6	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	97	7	2018a	2018a	NUM
spir-10942	97	8	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	97	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	98	1	adl	adl	PROPN
spir-10942	98	2	finds	find	VERB
spir-10942	98	3	alarming	alarming	ADJ
spir-10942	98	4	increase	increase	NOUN
spir-10942	98	5	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	98	6	white	white	ADJ
spir-10942	98	7	supremacist	supremacist	ADJ
spir-10942	98	8	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
spir-10942	98	9	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	98	10	college	college	NOUN
spir-10942	98	11	campuses	campus	NOUN
spir-10942	98	12	across	across	ADP
spir-10942	98	13	u.s	u.s	PROPN
spir-10942	98	14	.	.	PROPN
spir-10942	98	15	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
spir-10942	98	16	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	98	17	https://www.adl.org/news/pressreleases/adl-finds-alarming-increase-in-white-supremacist-propaganda-on-collegecampuses	https://www.adl.org/news/pressreleases/adl-finds-alarming-increase-in-white-supremacist-propaganda-on-collegecampuse	NOUN
spir-10942	98	18	adl	adl	PROPN
spir-10942	98	19	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	98	20	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	98	21	2018b	2018b	NUM
spir-10942	98	22	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	98	23	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	99	1	audit	audit	NOUN
spir-10942	99	2	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	99	3	anti	anti	ADJ
spir-10942	99	4	-	-	ADJ
spir-10942	99	5	semitic	semitic	ADJ
spir-10942	99	6	incidents	incident	NOUN
spir-10942	99	7	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	99	8	year	year	NOUN
spir-10942	99	9	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	99	10	review	review	NOUN
spir-10942	99	11	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	99	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	100	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
spir-10942	100	2	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	100	3	https://www.adl.org/media/11174/download	https://www.adl.org/media/11174/download	ADV
spir-10942	100	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	101	1	baynes	baynes	PROPN
spir-10942	101	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	101	3	c.	c.	PROPN
spir-10942	101	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	101	5	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	101	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	101	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	102	1	murders	murder	NOUN
spir-10942	102	2	by	by	ADP
spir-10942	102	3	white	white	ADJ
spir-10942	102	4	supremacists	supremacist	NOUN
spir-10942	102	5	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	102	6	america	america	PROPN
spir-10942	102	7	more	more	ADV
spir-10942	102	8	than	than	ADP
spir-10942	102	9	doubled	double	VERB
spir-10942	102	10	last	last	ADJ
spir-10942	102	11	year	year	NOUN
spir-10942	102	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	103	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
spir-10942	103	2	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	103	3	https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/whitesupremacist-murders-us-figures-double-2017-racist-hate-crime-las-vegas-shootingextremist-a8165416.html	https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/whitesupremacist-murders-us-figures-double-2017-racist-hate-crime-las-vegas-shootingextremist-a8165416.html	PROPN
spir-10942	103	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	104	1	dellapergola	dellapergola	PROPN
spir-10942	104	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	104	3	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-10942	104	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	104	5	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	104	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	104	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	105	1	world	world	NOUN
spir-10942	105	2	jewish	jewish	ADJ
spir-10942	105	3	population	population	NOUN
spir-10942	105	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	105	5	2016	2016	NUM
spir-10942	105	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	106	1	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	106	2	american	american	ADJ
spir-10942	106	3	jewish	jewish	ADJ
spir-10942	106	4	year	year	NOUN
spir-10942	106	5	book	book	NOUN
spir-10942	106	6	2016	2016	NUM
spir-10942	106	7	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	106	8	the	the	DET
spir-10942	106	9	annual	annual	ADJ
spir-10942	106	10	record	record	NOUN
spir-10942	106	11	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	106	12	north	north	ADJ
spir-10942	106	13	american	american	ADJ
spir-10942	106	14	jewish	jewish	ADJ
spir-10942	106	15	communities	community	NOUN
spir-10942	106	16	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	106	17	vol	vol	NOUN
spir-10942	106	18	.	.	PROPN
spir-10942	106	19	116	116	NUM
spir-10942	106	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	106	21	pp	pp	ADJ
spir-10942	106	22	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	106	23	253	253	NUM
spir-10942	106	24	–	–	PUNCT
spir-10942	106	25	332	332	NUM
spir-10942	106	26	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	106	27	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	107	1	ferber	ferber	PROPN
spir-10942	107	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	107	3	a.	a.	PROPN
spir-10942	107	4	l.	l.	PROPN
spir-10942	107	5	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	107	6	1999	1999	NUM
spir-10942	107	7	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	107	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	108	1	white	white	ADJ
spir-10942	108	2	man	man	NOUN
spir-10942	108	3	falling	fall	VERB
spir-10942	108	4	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	108	5	race	race	NOUN
spir-10942	108	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	108	7	gender	gender	NOUN
spir-10942	108	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	108	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	108	10	white	white	ADJ
spir-10942	108	11	supremacy	supremacy	NOUN
spir-10942	108	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	109	1	lanham	lanham	PROPN
spir-10942	109	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	109	3	md	md	PROPN
spir-10942	109	4	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	109	5	rowman	rowman	PROPN
spir-10942	109	6	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	109	7	littlefield	littlefield	PROPN
spir-10942	109	8	publishers	publisher	NOUN
spir-10942	109	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	110	1	finkelstein	finkelstein	PROPN
spir-10942	110	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	110	3	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-10942	110	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	110	5	zannettou	zannettou	PROPN
spir-10942	110	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	110	7	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-10942	110	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	110	9	bradlyn	bradlyn	PROPN
spir-10942	110	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	110	11	b.	b.	PROPN
spir-10942	110	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	110	13	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	110	14	blackburn	blackburn	PROPN
spir-10942	110	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	110	16	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-10942	110	17	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	110	18	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	110	19	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	110	20	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	111	1	a	a	DET
spir-10942	111	2	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
spir-10942	111	3	approach	approach	NOUN
spir-10942	111	4	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	111	5	understanding	understand	VERB
spir-10942	111	6	online	online	ADJ
spir-10942	111	7	antisemitism	antisemitism	NOUN
spir-10942	111	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	112	1	arxiv	arxiv	PROPN
spir-10942	112	2	preprint	preprint	VERB
spir-10942	112	3	arxiv:1809.01644	arxiv:1809.01644	PROPN
spir-10942	112	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	113	1	marwick	marwick	PROPN
spir-10942	113	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	113	3	a.	a.	PROPN
spir-10942	113	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	113	5	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	113	6	lewis	lewis	PROPN
spir-10942	113	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	113	8	b.	b.	PROPN
spir-10942	113	9	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	113	10	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	113	11	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	113	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	114	1	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	114	2	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
spir-10942	114	3	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	114	4	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-10942	114	5	online	online	ADV
spir-10942	114	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	115	1	new	new	PROPN
spir-10942	115	2	york	york	PROPN
spir-10942	115	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	115	4	ny	ny	PROPN
spir-10942	115	5	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	115	6	data	data	PROPN
spir-10942	115	7	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	115	8	society	society	PROPN
spir-10942	115	9	research	research	PROPN
spir-10942	115	10	institute	institute	PROPN
spir-10942	115	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	116	1	splc	splc	PROPN
spir-10942	116	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	117	1	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	117	2	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	117	3	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	117	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	118	1	the	the	DET
spir-10942	118	2	year	year	NOUN
spir-10942	118	3	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	118	4	hate	hate	NOUN
spir-10942	118	5	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	118	6	trump	trump	VERB
spir-10942	118	7	buoyed	buoyed	ADJ
spir-10942	118	8	white	white	ADJ
spir-10942	118	9	supremacists	supremacist	NOUN
spir-10942	118	10	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	118	11	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	118	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	118	13	sparking	spark	VERB
spir-10942	118	14	backlash	backlash	NOUN
spir-10942	118	15	among	among	ADP
spir-10942	118	16	black	black	ADJ
spir-10942	118	17	nationalist	nationalist	ADJ
spir-10942	118	18	groups	group	NOUN
spir-10942	118	19	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	119	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
spir-10942	119	2	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	119	3	https://www.splcenter.org/news/2018/02/21/year-hate-trump-buoyed-whitesupremacists-2017-sparking-backlash-among-black-nationalist	https://www.splcenter.org/news/2018/02/21/year-hate-trump-buoyed-whitesupremacists-2017-sparking-backlash-among-black-nationalist	ADJ
spir-10942	119	4	steinhardt	steinhardt	ADJ
spir-10942	119	5	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	119	6	research	research	NOUN
spir-10942	119	7	institute	institute	PROPN
spir-10942	119	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	120	1	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	120	2	2016	2016	NUM
spir-10942	120	3	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	120	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	121	1	american	american	ADJ
spir-10942	121	2	jewish	jewish	ADJ
spir-10942	121	3	population	population	NOUN
spir-10942	121	4	project	project	NOUN
spir-10942	121	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	122	1	waltham	waltham	PROPN
spir-10942	122	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	122	3	ma	ma	PROPN
spir-10942	122	4	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	122	5	cohen	cohen	PROPN
spir-10942	122	6	center	center	PROPN
spir-10942	122	7	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	122	8	modern	modern	ADJ
spir-10942	122	9	jewish	jewish	ADJ
spir-10942	122	10	studies	study	NOUN
spir-10942	122	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	122	12	brandeis	brandeis	PROPN
spir-10942	122	13	university	university	PROPN
spir-10942	122	14	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	123	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
spir-10942	123	2	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	123	3	http://ajpp.brandeis.edu/aboutestimates.php	http://ajpp.brandeis.edu/aboutestimates.php	PROPN
spir-10942	123	4	woolley	woolley	PROPN
spir-10942	123	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	123	6	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-10942	123	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	123	8	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	123	9	guilbeault	guilbeault	PROPN
spir-10942	123	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	123	11	d.	d.	PROPN
spir-10942	123	12	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	123	13	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	123	14	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	123	15	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	124	1	computational	computational	ADJ
spir-10942	124	2	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
spir-10942	124	3	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	124	4	the	the	DET
spir-10942	124	5	united	united	PROPN
spir-10942	124	6	states	states	PROPN
spir-10942	124	7	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	124	8	america	america	PROPN
spir-10942	124	9	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	124	10	manufacturing	manufacture	VERB
spir-10942	124	11	consensus	consensus	NOUN
spir-10942	124	12	online	online	ADV
spir-10942	124	13	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	124	14	computational	computational	ADJ
spir-10942	124	15	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
spir-10942	124	16	working	working	NOUN
spir-10942	124	17	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-10942	124	18	series	series	PROPN
spir-10942	124	19	no	no	NOUN
spir-10942	124	20	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	124	21	2017.5	2017.5	NUM
spir-10942	124	22	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	124	23	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	124	24	p.	p.	NOUN
spir-10942	124	25	37	37	NUM
spir-10942	124	26	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	124	27	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	125	1	oxford	oxford	PROPN
spir-10942	125	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	125	3	united	united	ADJ
spir-10942	125	4	kingdom	kingdom	PROPN
spir-10942	125	5	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	125	6	oxford	oxford	PROPN
spir-10942	125	7	internet	internet	PROPN
spir-10942	125	8	institute	institute	PROPN
spir-10942	125	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	125	10	university	university	PROPN
spir-10942	125	11	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	125	12	oxford	oxford	PROPN
spir-10942	125	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	126	1	woolley	woolley	PROPN
spir-10942	126	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	126	3	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-10942	126	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	126	5	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	126	6	joseff	joseff	PROPN
spir-10942	126	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	126	8	k.	k.	PROPN
spir-10942	126	9	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	126	10	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	126	11	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	126	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	127	1	computational	computational	ADJ
spir-10942	127	2	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
spir-10942	127	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	127	4	jewish	jewish	ADJ
spir-10942	127	5	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	127	6	americans	americans	PROPN
spir-10942	127	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	127	8	the	the	DET
spir-10942	127	9	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	127	10	midterms	midterm	NOUN
spir-10942	127	11	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	127	12	the	the	DET
spir-10942	127	13	amplification	amplification	NOUN
spir-10942	127	14	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	127	15	anti	anti	ADJ
spir-10942	127	16	-	-	ADJ
spir-10942	127	17	semitic	semitic	ADJ
spir-10942	127	18	harassment	harassment	NOUN
spir-10942	127	19	online	online	NOUN
spir-10942	127	20	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	128	1	new	new	PROPN
spir-10942	128	2	york	york	PROPN
spir-10942	128	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	128	4	ny	ny	PROPN
spir-10942	128	5	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	128	6	anti	anti	ADJ
spir-10942	128	7	-	-	ADJ
spir-10942	128	8	defamation	defamation	ADJ
spir-10942	128	9	league	league	NOUN
spir-10942	128	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	129	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
spir-10942	129	2	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	129	3	https://www.adl.org/resources/reports/computational-propaganda-jewish-americansand-the-2018-midterms-the-amplification	https://www.adl.org/resources/reports/computational-propaganda-jewish-americansand-the-2018-midterms-the-amplification	NOUN
spir-10942	129	4	the	the	DET
spir-10942	129	5	gender	gender	NOUN
spir-10942	129	6	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
spir-10942	129	7	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	129	8	foreign	foreign	ADJ
spir-10942	129	9	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-10942	129	10	operations	operation	NOUN
spir-10942	129	11	samantha	samantha	PROPN
spir-10942	129	12	bradshaw	bradshaw	PROPN
spir-10942	129	13	oxford	oxford	PROPN
spir-10942	129	14	internet	internet	PROPN
spir-10942	129	15	institute	institute	PROPN
spir-10942	129	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	129	17	university	university	PROPN
spir-10942	129	18	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	129	19	oxford	oxford	PROPN
spir-10942	129	20	introduction	introduction	NOUN
spir-10942	129	21	malicious	malicious	ADJ
spir-10942	129	22	state	state	NOUN
spir-10942	129	23	actors	actor	NOUN
spir-10942	129	24	are	be	AUX
spir-10942	129	25	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
spir-10942	129	26	leveraging	leverage	VERB
spir-10942	129	27	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	129	28	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	129	29	as	as	ADP
spir-10942	129	30	a	a	DET
spir-10942	129	31	proxy	proxy	NOUN
spir-10942	129	32	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	129	33	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	129	34	power	power	NOUN
spir-10942	129	35	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	130	1	during	during	ADP
spir-10942	130	2	elections	election	NOUN
spir-10942	130	3	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	130	4	other	other	ADJ
spir-10942	130	5	important	important	ADJ
spir-10942	130	6	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	130	7	events	event	NOUN
spir-10942	130	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	130	9	coordinated	coordinate	VERB
spir-10942	130	10	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-10942	130	11	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
spir-10942	130	12	have	have	AUX
spir-10942	130	13	been	be	AUX
spir-10942	130	14	used	use	VERB
spir-10942	130	15	to	to	PART
spir-10942	130	16	manufacture	manufacture	VERB
spir-10942	130	17	consensus	consensus	NOUN
spir-10942	130	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	130	19	automate	automate	ADJ
spir-10942	130	20	suppression	suppression	NOUN
spir-10942	130	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	130	22	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	130	23	undermine	undermine	VERB
spir-10942	130	24	trust	trust	NOUN
spir-10942	130	25	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	130	26	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	130	27	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	130	28	institutions	institution	NOUN
spir-10942	130	29	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	130	30	democracy	democracy	NOUN
spir-10942	130	31	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	130	32	bradshaw	bradshaw	PROPN
spir-10942	130	33	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	130	34	howard	howard	PROPN
spir-10942	130	35	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	130	36	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	130	37	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	130	38	2018a	2018a	NUM
spir-10942	130	39	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	130	40	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	131	1	one	one	NUM
spir-10942	131	2	aspect	aspect	NOUN
spir-10942	131	3	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	131	4	foreign	foreign	ADJ
spir-10942	131	5	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-10942	131	6	operations	operation	NOUN
spir-10942	131	7	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	131	8	has	have	AUX
spir-10942	131	9	received	receive	VERB
spir-10942	131	10	little	little	ADJ
spir-10942	131	11	scholarly	scholarly	ADJ
spir-10942	131	12	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	131	13	public	public	ADJ
spir-10942	131	14	attention	attention	NOUN
spir-10942	131	15	has	have	AUX
spir-10942	131	16	been	be	AUX
spir-10942	131	17	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	131	18	the	the	DET
spir-10942	131	19	gender	gender	NOUN
spir-10942	131	20	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
spir-10942	131	21	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	131	22	these	these	DET
spir-10942	131	23	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
spir-10942	131	24	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	132	1	it	it	PRON
spir-10942	132	2	is	be	AUX
spir-10942	132	3	widely	widely	ADV
spir-10942	132	4	recognized	recognize	VERB
spir-10942	132	5	that	that	SCONJ
spir-10942	132	6	female	female	ADJ
spir-10942	132	7	politicians	politician	NOUN
spir-10942	132	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	132	9	journalists	journalist	NOUN
spir-10942	132	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	132	11	bloggers	blogger	NOUN
spir-10942	132	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	132	13	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	132	14	activists	activist	NOUN
spir-10942	132	15	—	—	PUNCT
spir-10942	132	16	especially	especially	ADV
spir-10942	132	17	those	those	PRON
spir-10942	132	18	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	132	19	colour	colour	NOUN
spir-10942	132	20	or	or	CCONJ
spir-10942	132	21	diverse	diverse	ADJ
spir-10942	132	22	gender	gender	NOUN
spir-10942	132	23	identity	identity	NOUN
spir-10942	132	24	—	—	PUNCT
spir-10942	132	25	are	be	AUX
spir-10942	132	26	frequently	frequently	ADV
spir-10942	132	27	targeted	target	VERB
spir-10942	132	28	with	with	ADP
spir-10942	132	29	intimidation	intimidation	NOUN
spir-10942	132	30	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	132	31	harassment	harassment	NOUN
spir-10942	132	32	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	132	33	threats	threat	NOUN
spir-10942	132	34	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	132	35	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	132	36	hate	hate	VERB
spir-10942	132	37	speech	speech	NOUN
spir-10942	132	38	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	132	39	online	online	ADJ
spir-10942	132	40	spaces	space	NOUN
spir-10942	132	41	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	132	42	amnesty	amnesty	NOUN
spir-10942	132	43	international	international	ADJ
spir-10942	132	44	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	132	45	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	132	46	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	132	47	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	133	1	yet	yet	CCONJ
spir-10942	133	2	little	little	ADJ
spir-10942	133	3	research	research	NOUN
spir-10942	133	4	has	have	AUX
spir-10942	133	5	examined	examine	VERB
spir-10942	133	6	how	how	SCONJ
spir-10942	133	7	malicious	malicious	ADJ
spir-10942	133	8	state	state	NOUN
spir-10942	133	9	actors	actor	NOUN
spir-10942	133	10	are	be	AUX
spir-10942	133	11	using	use	VERB
spir-10942	133	12	trolling	trolling	NOUN
spir-10942	133	13	tactics	tactic	NOUN
spir-10942	133	14	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	133	15	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-10942	133	16	to	to	PART
spir-10942	133	17	perpetuate	perpetuate	VERB
spir-10942	133	18	sexism	sexism	NOUN
spir-10942	133	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	133	20	misogyny	misogyny	NOUN
spir-10942	133	21	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	133	22	order	order	NOUN
spir-10942	133	23	to	to	PART
spir-10942	133	24	suppress	suppress	VERB
spir-10942	133	25	the	the	DET
spir-10942	133	26	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	133	27	speech	speech	NOUN
spir-10942	133	28	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	133	29	vulnerable	vulnerable	ADJ
spir-10942	133	30	groups	group	NOUN
spir-10942	133	31	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	133	32	heighten	heighten	VERB
spir-10942	133	33	cultural	cultural	ADJ
spir-10942	133	34	tensions	tension	NOUN
spir-10942	133	35	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	133	36	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	133	37	further	further	ADJ
spir-10942	133	38	divisions	division	NOUN
spir-10942	133	39	within	within	ADP
spir-10942	133	40	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	133	41	across	across	ADP
spir-10942	133	42	communities	community	NOUN
spir-10942	133	43	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	134	1	drawing	draw	VERB
spir-10942	134	2	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	134	3	data	datum	NOUN
spir-10942	134	4	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	134	5	twitter	twitter	NOUN
spir-10942	134	6	’s	’s	PART
spir-10942	134	7	election	election	NOUN
spir-10942	134	8	integrity	integrity	NOUN
spir-10942	134	9	initiative	initiative	NOUN
spir-10942	134	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	134	11	this	this	DET
spir-10942	134	12	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-10942	134	13	explores	explore	VERB
spir-10942	134	14	how	how	SCONJ
spir-10942	134	15	gender	gender	NOUN
spir-10942	134	16	identity	identity	NOUN
spir-10942	134	17	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	134	18	politics	politic	NOUN
spir-10942	134	19	are	be	AUX
spir-10942	134	20	framed	frame	VERB
spir-10942	134	21	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	134	22	discussed	discuss	VERB
spir-10942	134	23	by	by	ADP
spir-10942	134	24	foreign	foreign	ADJ
spir-10942	134	25	state	state	NOUN
spir-10942	134	26	actors	actor	NOUN
spir-10942	134	27	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	135	1	by	by	ADP
spir-10942	135	2	performing	perform	VERB
spir-10942	135	3	an	an	DET
spir-10942	135	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-10942	135	5	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	135	6	prominent	prominent	ADJ
spir-10942	135	7	keywords	keyword	NOUN
spir-10942	135	8	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	135	9	hashtags	hashtag	NOUN
spir-10942	135	10	related	relate	VERB
spir-10942	135	11	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	135	12	gender	gender	NOUN
spir-10942	135	13	identity	identity	NOUN
spir-10942	135	14	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	135	15	gender	gender	NOUN
spir-10942	135	16	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	135	17	related	relate	VERB
spir-10942	135	18	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	135	19	movements	movement	NOUN
spir-10942	135	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	135	21	this	this	DET
spir-10942	135	22	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-10942	135	23	hopes	hope	VERB
spir-10942	135	24	to	to	PART
spir-10942	135	25	provide	provide	VERB
spir-10942	135	26	insight	insight	NOUN
spir-10942	135	27	into	into	ADP
spir-10942	135	28	the	the	DET
spir-10942	135	29	gender	gender	NOUN
spir-10942	135	30	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
spir-10942	135	31	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	135	32	foreign	foreign	ADJ
spir-10942	135	33	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-10942	135	34	operations	operation	NOUN
spir-10942	135	35	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	136	1	literature	literature	NOUN
spir-10942	136	2	review	review	VERB
spir-10942	136	3	foreign	foreign	ADJ
spir-10942	136	4	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-10942	136	5	operations	operation	NOUN
spir-10942	136	6	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	136	7	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	136	8	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	136	9	have	have	AUX
spir-10942	136	10	emerged	emerge	VERB
spir-10942	136	11	as	as	ADP
spir-10942	136	12	a	a	DET
spir-10942	136	13	critical	critical	ADJ
spir-10942	136	14	concern	concern	NOUN
spir-10942	136	15	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	136	16	the	the	DET
spir-10942	136	17	21st	21st	ADJ
spir-10942	136	18	century	century	NOUN
spir-10942	136	19	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	137	1	since	since	SCONJ
spir-10942	137	2	2016	2016	NUM
spir-10942	137	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	137	4	many	many	ADJ
spir-10942	137	5	researchers	researcher	NOUN
spir-10942	137	6	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	137	7	journalists	journalist	NOUN
spir-10942	137	8	have	have	AUX
spir-10942	137	9	uncovered	uncover	VERB
spir-10942	137	10	foreign	foreign	ADJ
spir-10942	137	11	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-10942	137	12	operations	operation	NOUN
spir-10942	137	13	taking	take	VERB
spir-10942	137	14	place	place	NOUN
spir-10942	137	15	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	137	16	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	137	17	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	137	18	during	during	ADP
spir-10942	137	19	critical	critical	ADJ
spir-10942	137	20	moments	moment	NOUN
spir-10942	137	21	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	137	22	public	public	ADJ
spir-10942	137	23	life	life	NOUN
spir-10942	137	24	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	138	1	these	these	DET
spir-10942	138	2	studies	study	NOUN
spir-10942	138	3	have	have	AUX
spir-10942	138	4	mainly	mainly	ADV
spir-10942	138	5	focused	focus	VERB
spir-10942	138	6	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	138	7	the	the	DET
spir-10942	138	8	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-10942	138	9	research	research	NOUN
spir-10942	138	10	agency	agency	NOUN
spir-10942	138	11	’s	’s	PART
spir-10942	138	12	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	138	13	ira	ira	PROPN
spir-10942	138	14	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	138	15	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-10942	138	16	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
spir-10942	138	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	138	18	situating	situate	VERB
spir-10942	138	19	modern	modern	ADJ
spir-10942	138	20	strategy	strategy	NOUN
spir-10942	138	21	with	with	ADP
spir-10942	138	22	historical	historical	ADJ
spir-10942	138	23	tenants	tenant	NOUN
spir-10942	138	24	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	138	25	maréchal	maréchal	PROPN
spir-10942	138	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	138	27	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	138	28	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	138	29	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	138	30	describing	describe	VERB
spir-10942	138	31	the	the	DET
spir-10942	138	32	russian	russian	ADJ
spir-10942	138	33	playbook	playbook	NOUN
spir-10942	138	34	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	138	35	information	information	NOUN
spir-10942	138	36	warfare	warfare	NOUN
spir-10942	138	37	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	138	38	polyakova	polyakova	NOUN
spir-10942	138	39	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	138	40	laurelle	laurelle	PROPN
spir-10942	138	41	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	138	42	meister	meister	PROPN
spir-10942	138	43	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	138	44	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	138	45	barnett	barnett	PROPN
spir-10942	138	46	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	138	47	2016	2016	NUM
spir-10942	138	48	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	138	49	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	138	50	or	or	CCONJ
spir-10942	138	51	analysing	analyse	VERB
spir-10942	138	52	their	their	PRON
spir-10942	138	53	broader	broad	ADJ
spir-10942	138	54	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
spir-10942	138	55	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	138	56	the	the	DET
spir-10942	138	57	baltics	baltic	NOUN
spir-10942	138	58	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	138	59	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	138	60	example	example	NOUN
spir-10942	138	61	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	138	62	helmus	helmus	NOUN
spir-10942	138	63	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	138	64	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	138	65	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	138	66	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	139	1	this	this	DET
spir-10942	139	2	quickly	quickly	ADV
spir-10942	139	3	growing	grow	VERB
spir-10942	139	4	topic	topic	NOUN
spir-10942	139	5	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	139	6	study	study	NOUN
spir-10942	139	7	has	have	AUX
spir-10942	139	8	also	also	ADV
spir-10942	139	9	expanded	expand	VERB
spir-10942	139	10	to	to	PART
spir-10942	139	11	look	look	VERB
spir-10942	139	12	at	at	ADP
spir-10942	139	13	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-10942	139	14	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
spir-10942	139	15	taking	take	VERB
spir-10942	139	16	place	place	NOUN
spir-10942	139	17	across	across	ADP
spir-10942	139	18	a	a	DET
spir-10942	139	19	wide	wide	ADJ
spir-10942	139	20	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	139	21	range	range	NOUN
spir-10942	139	22	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	139	23	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-10942	139	24	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	139	25	countrycontexts	countrycontext	NOUN
spir-10942	139	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	139	27	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	139	28	issue	issue	NOUN
spir-10942	139	29	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	139	30	areas	area	NOUN
spir-10942	139	31	including	include	VERB
spir-10942	139	32	race	race	NOUN
spir-10942	139	33	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	139	34	religion	religion	NOUN
spir-10942	139	35	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	139	36	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	139	37	other	other	ADJ
spir-10942	139	38	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	139	39	justice	justice	NOUN
spir-10942	139	40	issues	issue	NOUN
spir-10942	139	41	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	139	42	marwick	marwick	PROPN
spir-10942	139	43	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	139	44	lewis	lewis	PROPN
spir-10942	139	45	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	139	46	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	139	47	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	139	48	woolley	woolley	PROPN
spir-10942	139	49	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	139	50	2016	2016	NUM
spir-10942	139	51	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	139	52	woolley	woolley	PROPN
spir-10942	139	53	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	139	54	howard	howard	PROPN
spir-10942	139	55	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	139	56	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	139	57	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	139	58	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	140	1	although	although	SCONJ
spir-10942	140	2	foreign	foreign	ADJ
spir-10942	140	3	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-10942	140	4	operations	operation	NOUN
spir-10942	140	5	have	have	AUX
spir-10942	140	6	always	always	ADV
spir-10942	140	7	been	be	AUX
spir-10942	140	8	a	a	DET
spir-10942	140	9	part	part	NOUN
spir-10942	140	10	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	140	11	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	140	12	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	140	13	military	military	ADJ
spir-10942	140	14	strategy	strategy	NOUN
spir-10942	140	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	140	16	the	the	DET
spir-10942	140	17	unique	unique	ADJ
spir-10942	140	18	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
spir-10942	140	19	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	140	20	the	the	DET
spir-10942	140	21	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-10942	140	22	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	140	23	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	140	24	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	140	25	coupled	couple	VERB
spir-10942	140	26	with	with	ADP
spir-10942	140	27	advances	advance	NOUN
spir-10942	140	28	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	140	29	technology	technology	NOUN
spir-10942	140	30	are	be	AUX
spir-10942	140	31	posed	pose	VERB
spir-10942	140	32	to	to	PART
spir-10942	140	33	give	give	VERB
spir-10942	140	34	rise	rise	NOUN
spir-10942	140	35	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	140	36	a	a	DET
spir-10942	140	37	new	new	ADJ
spir-10942	140	38	generation	generation	NOUN
spir-10942	140	39	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	140	40	tools	tool	NOUN
spir-10942	140	41	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	140	42	techniques	technique	NOUN
spir-10942	140	43	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	140	44	expand	expand	VERB
spir-10942	140	45	the	the	DET
spir-10942	140	46	scope	scope	NOUN
spir-10942	140	47	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	140	48	scale	scale	NOUN
spir-10942	140	49	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	140	50	foreign	foreign	ADJ
spir-10942	140	51	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-10942	140	52	operations	operation	NOUN
spir-10942	140	53	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	140	54	hwang	hwang	PROPN
spir-10942	140	55	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	140	56	rosen	rosen	PROPN
spir-10942	140	57	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	140	58	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	140	59	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	140	60	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	141	1	the	the	DET
spir-10942	141	2	growing	grow	VERB
spir-10942	141	3	study	study	NOUN
spir-10942	141	4	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	141	5	“	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	141	6	computational	computational	ADJ
spir-10942	141	7	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
spir-10942	141	8	”	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	141	9	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	141	10	howard	howard	PROPN
spir-10942	141	11	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	141	12	woolley	woolley	PROPN
spir-10942	141	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	141	14	2016	2016	NUM
spir-10942	141	15	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	141	16	highlights	highlight	NOUN
spir-10942	141	17	how	how	SCONJ
spir-10942	141	18	both	both	PRON
spir-10942	141	19	user	user	NOUN
spir-10942	141	20	capacity	capacity	NOUN
spir-10942	141	21	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	141	22	technological	technological	ADJ
spir-10942	141	23	affordances	affordance	NOUN
spir-10942	141	24	both	both	CCONJ
spir-10942	141	25	enhance	enhance	VERB
spir-10942	141	26	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	141	27	constrain	constrain	VERB
spir-10942	141	28	the	the	DET
spir-10942	141	29	spread	spread	NOUN
spir-10942	141	30	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	141	31	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-10942	141	32	about	about	ADP
spir-10942	141	33	politics	politic	NOUN
spir-10942	141	34	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	141	35	bradshaw	bradshaw	PROPN
spir-10942	141	36	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	141	37	howard	howard	PROPN
spir-10942	141	38	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	141	39	2018b	2018b	NUM
spir-10942	141	40	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	141	41	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	142	1	but	but	CCONJ
spir-10942	142	2	the	the	DET
spir-10942	142	3	“	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	142	4	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	142	5	shaping”(mackenzie	shaping”(mackenzie	PROPN
spir-10942	142	6	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	142	7	wajcman	wajcman	NOUN
spir-10942	142	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	142	9	1985	1985	NUM
spir-10942	142	10	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	142	11	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	142	12	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	142	13	networking	networking	NOUN
spir-10942	142	14	technologies	technology	NOUN
spir-10942	142	15	also	also	ADV
spir-10942	142	16	have	have	VERB
spir-10942	142	17	implications	implication	NOUN
spir-10942	142	18	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	142	19	the	the	DET
spir-10942	142	20	spread	spread	NOUN
spir-10942	142	21	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	142	22	hate	hate	NOUN
spir-10942	142	23	speech	speech	NOUN
spir-10942	142	24	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	142	25	misogyny	misogyny	NOUN
spir-10942	142	26	against	against	ADP
spir-10942	142	27	women	woman	NOUN
spir-10942	142	28	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	142	29	those	those	PRON
spir-10942	142	30	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	142	31	diverse	diverse	ADJ
spir-10942	142	32	gender	gender	NOUN
spir-10942	142	33	identities	identity	NOUN
spir-10942	142	34	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	142	35	banet	banet	NOUN
spir-10942	142	36	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	142	37	weiser	weiser	PROPN
spir-10942	142	38	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	142	39	miltner	miltner	PROPN
spir-10942	142	40	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	142	41	2016	2016	NUM
spir-10942	142	42	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	142	43	mantilla	mantilla	NOUN
spir-10942	142	44	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	142	45	2013	2013	NUM
spir-10942	142	46	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	142	47	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	143	1	as	as	SCONJ
spir-10942	143	2	hostile	hostile	ADJ
spir-10942	143	3	state	state	NOUN
spir-10942	143	4	actors	actor	NOUN
spir-10942	143	5	continue	continue	VERB
spir-10942	143	6	to	to	PART
spir-10942	143	7	look	look	VERB
spir-10942	143	8	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	143	9	pressure	pressure	NOUN
spir-10942	143	10	points	point	NOUN
spir-10942	143	11	within	within	ADP
spir-10942	143	12	society	society	NOUN
spir-10942	143	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	143	14	it	it	PRON
spir-10942	143	15	is	be	AUX
spir-10942	143	16	important	important	ADJ
spir-10942	143	17	to	to	PART
spir-10942	143	18	understand	understand	VERB
spir-10942	143	19	how	how	SCONJ
spir-10942	143	20	other	other	ADJ
spir-10942	143	21	groups	group	NOUN
spir-10942	143	22	or	or	CCONJ
spir-10942	143	23	communities	community	NOUN
spir-10942	143	24	such	such	ADJ
spir-10942	143	25	as	as	ADP
spir-10942	143	26	women	woman	NOUN
spir-10942	143	27	or	or	CCONJ
spir-10942	143	28	individuals	individual	NOUN
spir-10942	143	29	with	with	ADP
spir-10942	143	30	diverse	diverse	ADJ
spir-10942	143	31	gender	gender	NOUN
spir-10942	143	32	identities	identity	NOUN
spir-10942	143	33	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	143	34	might	might	AUX
spir-10942	143	35	be	be	AUX
spir-10942	143	36	affected	affect	VERB
spir-10942	143	37	by	by	ADP
spir-10942	143	38	foreign	foreign	ADJ
spir-10942	143	39	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-10942	143	40	operations	operation	NOUN
spir-10942	143	41	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	143	42	are	be	AUX
spir-10942	143	43	sustained	sustain	VERB
spir-10942	143	44	by	by	ADP
spir-10942	143	45	the	the	DET
spir-10942	143	46	affordances	affordance	NOUN
spir-10942	143	47	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	143	48	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	143	49	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	143	50	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-10942	143	51	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	144	1	this	this	DET
spir-10942	144	2	research	research	NOUN
spir-10942	144	3	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-10942	144	4	asks	ask	VERB
spir-10942	144	5	three	three	NUM
spir-10942	144	6	questions	question	NOUN
spir-10942	144	7	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	144	8	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	144	9	1	1	X
spir-10942	144	10	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	144	11	what	what	PRON
spir-10942	144	12	are	be	AUX
spir-10942	144	13	the	the	DET
spir-10942	144	14	gendered	gendere	VERB
spir-10942	144	15	elements	element	NOUN
spir-10942	144	16	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	144	17	foreign	foreign	ADJ
spir-10942	144	18	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-10942	144	19	operations	operation	NOUN
spir-10942	144	20	?	?	PUNCT
spir-10942	145	1	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	145	2	2	2	X
spir-10942	145	3	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	145	4	how	how	SCONJ
spir-10942	145	5	do	do	AUX
spir-10942	145	6	the	the	DET
spir-10942	145	7	technical	technical	ADJ
spir-10942	145	8	affordances	affordance	NOUN
spir-10942	145	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	145	10	structures	structure	NOUN
spir-10942	145	11	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	145	12	policies	policy	NOUN
spir-10942	145	13	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	145	14	online	online	ADJ
spir-10942	145	15	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-10942	145	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	145	17	as	as	ADV
spir-10942	145	18	well	well	ADV
spir-10942	145	19	as	as	ADP
spir-10942	145	20	existing	exist	VERB
spir-10942	145	21	legal	legal	ADJ
spir-10942	145	22	frameworks	framework	NOUN
spir-10942	145	23	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	145	24	enhance	enhance	VERB
spir-10942	145	25	or	or	CCONJ
spir-10942	145	26	constrain	constrain	VERB
spir-10942	145	27	the	the	DET
spir-10942	145	28	gendered	gendere	VERB
spir-10942	145	29	elements	element	NOUN
spir-10942	145	30	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	145	31	foreign	foreign	ADJ
spir-10942	145	32	interference	interference	NOUN
spir-10942	145	33	?	?	PUNCT
spir-10942	146	1	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	146	2	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	146	3	3	3	X
spir-10942	146	4	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	146	5	how	how	SCONJ
spir-10942	146	6	best	well	ADV
spir-10942	146	7	can	can	AUX
spir-10942	146	8	policymakers	policymaker	NOUN
spir-10942	146	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	146	10	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	146	11	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	146	12	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-10942	146	13	respond	respond	VERB
spir-10942	146	14	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	146	15	these	these	DET
spir-10942	146	16	challenges	challenge	NOUN
spir-10942	146	17	?	?	PUNCT
spir-10942	147	1	methodology	methodology	NOUN
spir-10942	147	2	building	build	VERB
spir-10942	147	3	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	147	4	the	the	DET
spir-10942	147	5	growing	grow	VERB
spir-10942	147	6	corpus	corpus	NOUN
spir-10942	147	7	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	147	8	research	research	NOUN
spir-10942	147	9	about	about	ADP
spir-10942	147	10	foreign	foreign	ADJ
spir-10942	147	11	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-10942	147	12	operations	operation	NOUN
spir-10942	147	13	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	147	14	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	147	15	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	147	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	147	17	this	this	DET
spir-10942	147	18	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-10942	147	19	explores	explore	VERB
spir-10942	147	20	the	the	DET
spir-10942	147	21	gender	gender	NOUN
spir-10942	147	22	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
spir-10942	147	23	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	147	24	these	these	DET
spir-10942	147	25	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
spir-10942	147	26	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	148	1	this	this	DET
spir-10942	148	2	study	study	NOUN
spir-10942	148	3	focuses	focus	VERB
spir-10942	148	4	specifically	specifically	ADV
spir-10942	148	5	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	148	6	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-10942	148	7	operation	operation	NOUN
spir-10942	148	8	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	148	9	have	have	AUX
spir-10942	148	10	taken	take	VERB
spir-10942	148	11	place	place	NOUN
spir-10942	148	12	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	148	13	twitter	twitter	NOUN
spir-10942	148	14	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	149	1	twitter	twitter	NOUN
spir-10942	149	2	is	be	AUX
spir-10942	149	3	an	an	DET
spir-10942	149	4	important	important	ADJ
spir-10942	149	5	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	149	6	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	149	7	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-10942	149	8	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	149	9	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	149	10	news	news	NOUN
spir-10942	149	11	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	149	12	discussion	discussion	NOUN
spir-10942	149	13	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	149	14	newman	newman	PROPN
spir-10942	149	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	149	16	fletcher	fletcher	PROPN
spir-10942	149	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	149	18	kalogeropoulos	kalogeropoulos	PROPN
spir-10942	149	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	149	20	levy	levy	NOUN
spir-10942	149	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	149	22	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	149	23	nielsen	nielsen	PROPN
spir-10942	149	24	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	149	25	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	149	26	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	149	27	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	150	1	as	as	ADP
spir-10942	150	2	a	a	DET
spir-10942	150	3	result	result	NOUN
spir-10942	150	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	150	5	several	several	ADJ
spir-10942	150	6	hostile	hostile	ADJ
spir-10942	150	7	state	state	NOUN
spir-10942	150	8	actors	actor	NOUN
spir-10942	150	9	have	have	AUX
spir-10942	150	10	exploited	exploit	VERB
spir-10942	150	11	twitter	twitter	NOUN
spir-10942	150	12	to	to	PART
spir-10942	150	13	conduct	conduct	VERB
spir-10942	150	14	online	online	ADJ
spir-10942	150	15	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-10942	150	16	operations	operation	NOUN
spir-10942	150	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	151	1	although	although	SCONJ
spir-10942	151	2	these	these	DET
spir-10942	151	3	activities	activity	NOUN
spir-10942	151	4	occur	occur	VERB
spir-10942	151	5	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	151	6	all	all	DET
spir-10942	151	7	major	major	ADJ
spir-10942	151	8	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	151	9	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	151	10	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-10942	151	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	151	12	twitter	twitter	NOUN
spir-10942	151	13	was	be	AUX
spir-10942	151	14	chosen	choose	VERB
spir-10942	151	15	as	as	ADP
spir-10942	151	16	the	the	DET
spir-10942	151	17	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-10942	151	18	to	to	PART
spir-10942	151	19	analyse	analyse	VERB
spir-10942	151	20	because	because	SCONJ
spir-10942	151	21	the	the	DET
spir-10942	151	22	company	company	NOUN
spir-10942	151	23	has	have	AUX
spir-10942	151	24	released	release	VERB
spir-10942	151	25	the	the	DET
spir-10942	151	26	most	most	ADV
spir-10942	151	27	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
spir-10942	151	28	dataset	dataset	NOUN
spir-10942	151	29	about	about	ADP
spir-10942	151	30	foreign	foreign	ADJ
spir-10942	151	31	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-10942	151	32	operations	operation	NOUN
spir-10942	151	33	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	151	34	date	date	NOUN
spir-10942	151	35	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	152	1	twitter	twitter	NOUN
spir-10942	152	2	’s	’s	PART
spir-10942	152	3	election	election	NOUN
spir-10942	152	4	integrity	integrity	NOUN
spir-10942	152	5	initiative	initiative	NOUN
spir-10942	152	6	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	152	7	twitter	twitter	NOUN
spir-10942	152	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	152	9	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	152	10	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	152	11	provides	provide	VERB
spir-10942	152	12	researchers	researcher	NOUN
spir-10942	152	13	with	with	ADP
spir-10942	152	14	publicly	publicly	ADV
spir-10942	152	15	available	available	ADJ
spir-10942	152	16	data	datum	NOUN
spir-10942	152	17	about	about	ADP
spir-10942	152	18	accounts	account	NOUN
spir-10942	152	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	152	20	related	relate	VERB
spir-10942	152	21	content	content	NOUN
spir-10942	152	22	associated	associate	VERB
spir-10942	152	23	with	with	ADP
spir-10942	152	24	potential	potential	ADJ
spir-10942	152	25	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-10942	152	26	operations	operation	NOUN
spir-10942	152	27	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	152	28	have	have	AUX
spir-10942	152	29	taken	take	VERB
spir-10942	152	30	place	place	NOUN
spir-10942	152	31	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	152	32	the	the	DET
spir-10942	152	33	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-10942	152	34	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	153	1	this	this	DET
spir-10942	153	2	dataset	dataset	NOUN
spir-10942	153	3	includes	include	VERB
spir-10942	153	4	information	information	NOUN
spir-10942	153	5	about	about	ADP
spir-10942	153	6	accounts	account	VERB
spir-10942	153	7	themselves	themselves	PRON
spir-10942	153	8	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	153	9	such	such	ADJ
spir-10942	153	10	as	as	ADP
spir-10942	153	11	username	username	NOUN
spir-10942	153	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	153	13	number	number	NOUN
spir-10942	153	14	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	153	15	followers	follower	NOUN
spir-10942	153	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	153	17	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	153	18	profile	profile	VERB
spir-10942	153	19	information	information	NOUN
spir-10942	153	20	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	153	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	153	22	tweets	tweet	NOUN
spir-10942	153	23	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	153	24	such	such	ADJ
spir-10942	153	25	as	as	ADP
spir-10942	153	26	public	public	ADJ
spir-10942	153	27	posts	post	NOUN
spir-10942	153	28	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	153	29	hashtags	hashtag	NOUN
spir-10942	153	30	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	153	31	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	153	32	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	153	33	shared	shared	ADJ
spir-10942	153	34	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	153	35	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	153	36	including	include	VERB
spir-10942	153	37	pictures	picture	NOUN
spir-10942	153	38	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	153	39	video	video	NOUN
spir-10942	153	40	’s	’s	NOUN
spir-10942	153	41	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	153	42	urls	url	NOUN
spir-10942	153	43	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	153	44	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	154	1	at	at	ADP
spir-10942	154	2	the	the	DET
spir-10942	154	3	time	time	NOUN
spir-10942	154	4	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	154	5	writing	writing	NOUN
spir-10942	154	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	154	7	twitter	twitter	NOUN
spir-10942	154	8	has	have	AUX
spir-10942	154	9	uploaded	upload	VERB
spir-10942	154	10	seven	seven	NUM
spir-10942	154	11	datasets	dataset	NOUN
spir-10942	154	12	about	about	ADP
spir-10942	154	13	potential	potential	ADJ
spir-10942	154	14	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-10942	154	15	operations	operation	NOUN
spir-10942	154	16	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	154	17	four	four	NUM
spir-10942	154	18	different	different	ADJ
spir-10942	154	19	countries	country	NOUN
spir-10942	154	20	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	154	21	russia	russia	PROPN
spir-10942	154	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	154	23	iran	iran	PROPN
spir-10942	154	24	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	154	25	venezuela	venezuela	PROPN
spir-10942	154	26	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	154	27	bangladesh	bangladesh	PROPN
spir-10942	154	28	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	155	1	these	these	DET
spir-10942	155	2	datasets	dataset	NOUN
spir-10942	155	3	form	form	VERB
spir-10942	155	4	the	the	DET
spir-10942	155	5	foundation	foundation	NOUN
spir-10942	155	6	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	155	7	my	my	PRON
spir-10942	155	8	study	study	NOUN
spir-10942	155	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	156	1	to	to	PART
spir-10942	156	2	develop	develop	VERB
spir-10942	156	3	a	a	DET
spir-10942	156	4	better	well	ADJ
spir-10942	156	5	understanding	understanding	NOUN
spir-10942	156	6	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	156	7	how	how	SCONJ
spir-10942	156	8	gender	gender	NOUN
spir-10942	156	9	identity	identity	NOUN
spir-10942	156	10	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	156	11	politics	politic	NOUN
spir-10942	156	12	are	be	AUX
spir-10942	156	13	used	use	VERB
spir-10942	156	14	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	156	15	discussions	discussion	NOUN
spir-10942	156	16	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	156	17	twitter	twitter	NOUN
spir-10942	156	18	by	by	ADP
spir-10942	156	19	foreign	foreign	ADJ
spir-10942	156	20	state	state	NOUN
spir-10942	156	21	actors	actor	NOUN
spir-10942	156	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	156	23	this	this	DET
spir-10942	156	24	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-10942	156	25	conducts	conduct	VERB
spir-10942	156	26	a	a	DET
spir-10942	156	27	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
spir-10942	156	28	hashtag	hashtag	NOUN
spir-10942	156	29	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	156	30	keyword	keyword	NOUN
spir-10942	156	31	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-10942	156	32	to	to	PART
spir-10942	156	33	identify	identify	VERB
spir-10942	156	34	relevant	relevant	ADJ
spir-10942	156	35	discussions	discussion	NOUN
spir-10942	156	36	by	by	ADP
spir-10942	156	37	hostile	hostile	ADJ
spir-10942	156	38	state	state	NOUN
spir-10942	156	39	actors	actor	NOUN
spir-10942	156	40	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	157	1	by	by	ADP
spir-10942	157	2	purposively	purposively	ADV
spir-10942	157	3	selecting	select	VERB
spir-10942	157	4	keywords	keyword	NOUN
spir-10942	157	5	related	relate	VERB
spir-10942	157	6	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	157	7	gender	gender	NOUN
spir-10942	157	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	157	9	i	i	PRON
spir-10942	157	10	searched	search	VERB
spir-10942	157	11	the	the	DET
spir-10942	157	12	database	database	NOUN
spir-10942	157	13	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	157	14	relevant	relevant	ADJ
spir-10942	157	15	conversations	conversation	NOUN
spir-10942	157	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	158	1	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	158	2	there	there	ADV
spir-10942	158	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	158	4	i	i	PRON
spir-10942	158	5	used	use	VERB
spir-10942	158	6	a	a	DET
spir-10942	158	7	snowball	snowball	ADJ
spir-10942	158	8	sample	sample	NOUN
spir-10942	158	9	to	to	PART
spir-10942	158	10	further	far	ADV
spir-10942	158	11	identify	identify	VERB
spir-10942	158	12	collocated	collocated	ADJ
spir-10942	158	13	hashtags	hashtag	NOUN
spir-10942	158	14	about	about	ADP
spir-10942	158	15	gender	gender	NOUN
spir-10942	158	16	identity	identity	NOUN
spir-10942	158	17	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	158	18	politics	politic	NOUN
spir-10942	158	19	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	159	1	following	follow	VERB
spir-10942	159	2	this	this	DET
spir-10942	159	3	topic	topic	NOUN
spir-10942	159	4	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	159	5	based	base	VERB
spir-10942	159	6	sampling	sampling	NOUN
spir-10942	159	7	strategy	strategy	NOUN
spir-10942	159	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	159	9	i	i	PRON
spir-10942	159	10	collected	collect	VERB
spir-10942	159	11	approximately	approximately	ADV
spir-10942	159	12	1.3	1.3	NUM
spir-10942	159	13	million	million	NUM
spir-10942	159	14	tweets	tweet	NOUN
spir-10942	159	15	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	159	16	twitter	twitter	NOUN
spir-10942	159	17	’s	’s	PART
spir-10942	159	18	integrity	integrity	NOUN
spir-10942	159	19	initiative	initiative	NOUN
spir-10942	159	20	dataset	dataset	NOUN
spir-10942	159	21	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	160	1	five	five	NUM
spir-10942	160	2	prominent	prominent	ADJ
spir-10942	160	3	cross	cross	ADJ
spir-10942	160	4	-	-	ADJ
spir-10942	160	5	cutting	cutting	ADJ
spir-10942	160	6	themes	theme	NOUN
spir-10942	160	7	were	be	AUX
spir-10942	160	8	identified	identify	VERB
spir-10942	160	9	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	160	10	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	160	11	1	1	X
spir-10942	160	12	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	160	13	gender	gender	NOUN
spir-10942	160	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	160	15	race	race	NOUN
spir-10942	160	16	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	160	17	crime	crime	NOUN
spir-10942	160	18	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	160	19	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	160	20	2	2	X
spir-10942	160	21	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	160	22	gender	gender	NOUN
spir-10942	160	23	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	160	24	islam	islam	PROPN
spir-10942	160	25	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	160	26	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	160	27	3	3	X
spir-10942	160	28	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	160	29	lgbt	lgbt	PROPN
spir-10942	160	30	rights	right	NOUN
spir-10942	160	31	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	160	32	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	160	33	4	4	X
spir-10942	160	34	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	160	35	the	the	DET
spir-10942	160	36	feminist	feminist	PROPN
spir-10942	160	37	movement	movement	NOUN
spir-10942	160	38	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	160	39	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	160	40	5	5	X
spir-10942	160	41	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	160	42	white	white	ADJ
spir-10942	160	43	male	male	ADJ
spir-10942	160	44	supremacy	supremacy	NOUN
spir-10942	160	45	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	161	1	at	at	ADP
spir-10942	161	2	the	the	DET
spir-10942	161	3	time	time	NOUN
spir-10942	161	4	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	161	5	writing	writing	NOUN
spir-10942	161	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	161	7	i	i	PRON
spir-10942	161	8	am	be	AUX
spir-10942	161	9	preparing	prepare	VERB
spir-10942	161	10	a	a	DET
spir-10942	161	11	sentiment	sentiment	NOUN
spir-10942	161	12	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-10942	161	13	to	to	PART
spir-10942	161	14	analyze	analyze	VERB
spir-10942	161	15	the	the	DET
spir-10942	161	16	valence	valence	NOUN
spir-10942	161	17	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	161	18	these	these	DET
spir-10942	161	19	tweets	tweet	NOUN
spir-10942	161	20	to	to	PART
spir-10942	161	21	see	see	VERB
spir-10942	161	22	how	how	SCONJ
spir-10942	161	23	gender	gender	NOUN
spir-10942	161	24	is	be	AUX
spir-10942	161	25	performed	perform	VERB
spir-10942	161	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	161	27	framed	frame	VERB
spir-10942	161	28	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	161	29	discussed	discuss	VERB
spir-10942	161	30	by	by	ADP
spir-10942	161	31	foreign	foreign	ADJ
spir-10942	161	32	state	state	NOUN
spir-10942	161	33	actors	actor	NOUN
spir-10942	161	34	engaged	engage	VERB
spir-10942	161	35	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	161	36	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-10942	161	37	operations	operation	NOUN
spir-10942	161	38	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	161	39	twitter	twitter	NOUN
spir-10942	161	40	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	162	1	sentiment	sentiment	NOUN
spir-10942	162	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-10942	162	3	a	a	DET
spir-10942	162	4	growing	grow	VERB
spir-10942	162	5	area	area	NOUN
spir-10942	162	6	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	162	7	natural	natural	ADJ
spir-10942	162	8	language	language	NOUN
spir-10942	162	9	processing	processing	NOUN
spir-10942	162	10	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	162	11	determines	determine	VERB
spir-10942	162	12	whether	whether	SCONJ
spir-10942	162	13	a	a	DET
spir-10942	162	14	piece	piece	NOUN
spir-10942	162	15	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	162	16	text	text	NOUN
spir-10942	162	17	is	be	AUX
spir-10942	162	18	positive	positive	ADJ
spir-10942	162	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	162	20	negative	negative	ADJ
spir-10942	162	21	or	or	CCONJ
spir-10942	162	22	neutral	neutral	ADJ
spir-10942	162	23	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	163	1	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	163	2	particular	particular	ADJ
spir-10942	163	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	163	4	i	i	PRON
spir-10942	163	5	will	will	AUX
spir-10942	163	6	adopt	adopt	VERB
spir-10942	163	7	a	a	DET
spir-10942	163	8	“	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	163	9	lexicon	lexicon	NOUN
spir-10942	163	10	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	163	11	based	base	VERB
spir-10942	163	12	approach	approach	NOUN
spir-10942	163	13	”	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	163	14	to	to	PART
spir-10942	163	15	identify	identify	VERB
spir-10942	163	16	the	the	DET
spir-10942	163	17	sentiment	sentiment	NOUN
spir-10942	163	18	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	163	19	tweets	tweet	NOUN
spir-10942	163	20	about	about	ADP
spir-10942	163	21	gender	gender	NOUN
spir-10942	163	22	politics	politic	NOUN
spir-10942	163	23	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	164	1	the	the	DET
spir-10942	164	2	results	result	NOUN
spir-10942	164	3	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	164	4	these	these	DET
spir-10942	164	5	findings	finding	NOUN
spir-10942	164	6	will	will	AUX
spir-10942	164	7	be	be	AUX
spir-10942	164	8	discussed	discuss	VERB
spir-10942	164	9	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	164	10	the	the	DET
spir-10942	164	11	context	context	NOUN
spir-10942	164	12	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	164	13	policy	policy	NOUN
spir-10942	164	14	responses	response	NOUN
spir-10942	164	15	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	164	16	foreign	foreign	ADJ
spir-10942	164	17	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-10942	164	18	operations	operation	NOUN
spir-10942	164	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	164	20	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	164	21	enrich	enrich	VERB
spir-10942	164	22	the	the	DET
spir-10942	164	23	academic	academic	ADJ
spir-10942	164	24	discussion	discussion	NOUN
spir-10942	164	25	currently	currently	ADV
spir-10942	164	26	taking	take	VERB
spir-10942	164	27	place	place	NOUN
spir-10942	164	28	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	164	29	the	the	DET
spir-10942	164	30	field	field	NOUN
spir-10942	164	31	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	164	32	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	164	33	communication	communication	NOUN
spir-10942	164	34	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	165	1	references	reference	NOUN
spir-10942	165	2	amnesty	amnesty	PROPN
spir-10942	165	3	international	international	PROPN
spir-10942	165	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	166	1	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	166	2	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	166	3	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	166	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	167	1	toxic	toxic	ADJ
spir-10942	167	2	twitter	twitter	PROPN
spir-10942	167	3	a	a	DET
spir-10942	167	4	toxic	toxic	ADJ
spir-10942	167	5	place	place	NOUN
spir-10942	167	6	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	167	7	women	woman	NOUN
spir-10942	167	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	168	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
spir-10942	168	2	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	168	3	https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/research/2018/03/online-violence-against-womenchapter-1/	https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/research/2018/03/online-violence-against-womenchapter-1/	PROPN
spir-10942	168	4	banet	banet	NOUN
spir-10942	168	5	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	168	6	weiser	weiser	PROPN
spir-10942	168	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	168	8	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-10942	168	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	168	10	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	168	11	miltner	miltner	PROPN
spir-10942	168	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	168	13	k.	k.	PROPN
spir-10942	168	14	m.	m.	PROPN
spir-10942	168	15	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	168	16	2016	2016	NUM
spir-10942	168	17	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	168	18	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	169	1	#	#	SYM
spir-10942	169	2	masculinitysofragile	masculinitysofragile	NOUN
spir-10942	169	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	169	4	culture	culture	NOUN
spir-10942	169	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	169	6	structure	structure	NOUN
spir-10942	169	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	169	8	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	169	9	networked	networked	ADJ
spir-10942	169	10	misogyny	misogyny	NOUN
spir-10942	169	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	170	1	feminist	feminist	ADJ
spir-10942	170	2	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	170	3	studies	study	NOUN
spir-10942	170	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	170	5	16(1	16(1	NUM
spir-10942	170	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	170	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	170	8	171–174	171–174	NUM
spir-10942	170	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	171	1	bradshaw	bradshaw	PROPN
spir-10942	171	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	171	3	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-10942	171	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	171	5	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	171	6	howard	howard	PROPN
spir-10942	171	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	171	8	p.	p.	PROPN
spir-10942	171	9	n.	n.	PROPN
spir-10942	171	10	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	171	11	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	171	12	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	171	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	172	1	troops	troop	NOUN
spir-10942	172	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	172	3	trolls	troll	NOUN
spir-10942	172	4	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	172	5	troublemakers	troublemaker	NOUN
spir-10942	172	6	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	172	7	a	a	DET
spir-10942	172	8	global	global	ADJ
spir-10942	172	9	inventory	inventory	NOUN
spir-10942	172	10	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	172	11	organized	organize	VERB
spir-10942	172	12	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	172	13	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	172	14	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
spir-10942	172	15	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	172	16	working	work	VERB
spir-10942	172	17	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-10942	172	18	2017.12	2017.12	NUM
spir-10942	172	19	no	no	NOUN
spir-10942	172	20	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	172	21	2017.12	2017.12	NUM
spir-10942	172	22	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	172	23	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	172	24	p.	p.	NOUN
spir-10942	172	25	37	37	NUM
spir-10942	172	26	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	172	27	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	173	1	oxford	oxford	PROPN
spir-10942	173	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	173	3	england	england	PROPN
spir-10942	173	4	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	173	5	project	project	NOUN
spir-10942	173	6	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	173	7	computational	computational	ADJ
spir-10942	173	8	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
spir-10942	173	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	173	10	oxford	oxford	PROPN
spir-10942	173	11	internet	internet	PROPN
spir-10942	173	12	institute	institute	PROPN
spir-10942	173	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	173	14	oxford	oxford	PROPN
spir-10942	173	15	university	university	PROPN
spir-10942	173	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	174	1	bradshaw	bradshaw	PROPN
spir-10942	174	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	174	3	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-10942	174	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	174	5	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	174	6	howard	howard	PROPN
spir-10942	174	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	174	8	p.	p.	PROPN
spir-10942	174	9	n.	n.	NOUN
spir-10942	174	10	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	174	11	2018a	2018a	NUM
spir-10942	174	12	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	174	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	175	1	challenging	challenge	VERB
spir-10942	175	2	truth	truth	NOUN
spir-10942	175	3	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	175	4	trust	trust	NOUN
spir-10942	175	5	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	175	6	a	a	DET
spir-10942	175	7	global	global	ADJ
spir-10942	175	8	inventory	inventory	NOUN
spir-10942	175	9	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	175	10	organized	organize	VERB
spir-10942	175	11	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	175	12	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	175	13	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
spir-10942	175	14	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	175	15	working	work	VERB
spir-10942	175	16	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-10942	175	17	2018.1	2018.1	NUM
spir-10942	175	18	no	no	NOUN
spir-10942	175	19	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	176	1	2018.1	2018.1	NUM
spir-10942	176	2	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	176	3	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	176	4	p.	p.	NOUN
spir-10942	176	5	26	26	NUM
spir-10942	176	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	176	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	177	1	oxford	oxford	PROPN
spir-10942	177	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	177	3	england	england	PROPN
spir-10942	177	4	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	177	5	project	project	NOUN
spir-10942	177	6	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	177	7	computational	computational	ADJ
spir-10942	177	8	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
spir-10942	177	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	177	10	oxford	oxford	PROPN
spir-10942	177	11	internet	internet	PROPN
spir-10942	177	12	institute	institute	PROPN
spir-10942	177	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	177	14	oxford	oxford	PROPN
spir-10942	177	15	university	university	PROPN
spir-10942	177	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	178	1	bradshaw	bradshaw	PROPN
spir-10942	178	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	178	3	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-10942	178	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	178	5	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	178	6	howard	howard	PROPN
spir-10942	178	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	178	8	p.	p.	PROPN
spir-10942	178	9	n.	n.	PROPN
spir-10942	178	10	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	178	11	2018b	2018b	NUM
spir-10942	178	12	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	178	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	179	1	why	why	SCONJ
spir-10942	179	2	does	do	AUX
spir-10942	179	3	junk	junk	NOUN
spir-10942	179	4	news	news	NOUN
spir-10942	179	5	spread	spread	VERB
spir-10942	179	6	so	so	ADV
spir-10942	179	7	quickly	quickly	ADV
spir-10942	179	8	across	across	ADP
spir-10942	179	9	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	179	10	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	179	11	?	?	PUNCT
spir-10942	180	1	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
spir-10942	180	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	180	3	advertising	advertising	NOUN
spir-10942	180	4	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	180	5	exposure	exposure	NOUN
spir-10942	180	6	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	180	7	public	public	ADJ
spir-10942	180	8	life	life	NOUN
spir-10942	180	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	181	1	knight	knight	PROPN
spir-10942	181	2	foundation	foundation	PROPN
spir-10942	181	3	working	working	PROPN
spir-10942	181	4	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-10942	181	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	182	1	helmus	helmus	NOUN
spir-10942	182	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	182	3	t.	t.	PROPN
spir-10942	182	4	c.	c.	PROPN
spir-10942	182	5	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	182	6	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	182	7	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	182	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	183	1	russian	russian	ADJ
spir-10942	183	2	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	183	3	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	183	4	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-10942	183	5	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	183	6	understanding	understand	VERB
spir-10942	183	7	russian	russian	ADJ
spir-10942	183	8	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
spir-10942	183	9	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	183	10	eastern	eastern	PROPN
spir-10942	183	11	europe	europe	PROPN
spir-10942	183	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	184	1	santa	santa	PROPN
spir-10942	184	2	monica	monica	PROPN
spir-10942	184	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	184	4	calif	calif	PROPN
spir-10942	184	5	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	184	6	rand	rand	NOUN
spir-10942	184	7	corporation	corporation	NOUN
spir-10942	184	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	185	1	howard	howard	PROPN
spir-10942	185	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	185	3	p.	p.	PROPN
spir-10942	185	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	185	5	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	185	6	woolley	woolley	PROPN
spir-10942	185	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	185	8	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-10942	185	9	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	185	10	2016	2016	NUM
spir-10942	185	11	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	185	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	186	1	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	186	2	communication	communication	NOUN
spir-10942	186	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	186	4	computational	computational	ADJ
spir-10942	186	5	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
spir-10942	186	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	186	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	186	8	autonomous	autonomous	ADJ
spir-10942	186	9	agents	agent	NOUN
spir-10942	186	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	187	1	international	international	ADJ
spir-10942	187	2	journal	journal	NOUN
spir-10942	187	3	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	187	4	communication	communication	NOUN
spir-10942	187	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	187	6	10(special	10(special	NUM
spir-10942	187	7	issue	issue	NOUN
spir-10942	187	8	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	187	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	187	10	20	20	NUM
spir-10942	187	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	188	1	hwang	hwang	PROPN
spir-10942	188	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	188	3	t.	t.	PROPN
spir-10942	188	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	188	5	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	188	6	rosen	rosen	PROPN
spir-10942	188	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	188	8	l.	l.	PROPN
spir-10942	188	9	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	188	10	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	188	11	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	188	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	189	1	harder	hard	ADJ
spir-10942	189	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	189	3	better	well	ADJ
spir-10942	189	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	189	5	faster	fast	ADJ
spir-10942	189	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	189	7	stronger	strong	ADJ
spir-10942	189	8	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	189	9	international	international	ADJ
spir-10942	189	10	law	law	NOUN
spir-10942	189	11	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	189	12	the	the	DET
spir-10942	189	13	future	future	NOUN
spir-10942	189	14	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	189	15	online	online	ADJ
spir-10942	189	16	psyops	psyop	NOUN
spir-10942	189	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	190	1	computational	computational	ADJ
spir-10942	190	2	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
spir-10942	190	3	project	project	NOUN
spir-10942	190	4	working	working	NOUN
spir-10942	190	5	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-10942	190	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	190	7	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-10942	190	8	no	no	NOUN
spir-10942	190	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	191	1	mackenzie	mackenzie	PROPN
spir-10942	191	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	191	3	d.	d.	PROPN
spir-10942	191	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	191	5	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	191	6	wajcman	wajcman	PROPN
spir-10942	191	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	191	8	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-10942	191	9	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	191	10	1985	1985	NUM
spir-10942	191	11	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	191	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	192	1	the	the	DET
spir-10942	192	2	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	192	3	shaping	shaping	NOUN
spir-10942	192	4	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	192	5	technology	technology	NOUN
spir-10942	192	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	193	1	milton	milton	PROPN
spir-10942	193	2	keynes	keynes	PROPN
spir-10942	193	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	193	4	open	open	ADJ
spir-10942	193	5	university	university	NOUN
spir-10942	193	6	press	press	NOUN
spir-10942	193	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	194	1	mantilla	mantilla	PROPN
spir-10942	194	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	194	3	k.	k.	PROPN
spir-10942	194	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	194	5	2013	2013	NUM
spir-10942	194	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	194	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	195	1	gendertrolling	gendertrolle	VERB
spir-10942	195	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	195	3	misogyny	misogyny	NOUN
spir-10942	195	4	adapts	adapt	VERB
spir-10942	195	5	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	195	6	new	new	ADJ
spir-10942	195	7	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	195	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	196	1	feminist	feminist	ADJ
spir-10942	196	2	studies	study	NOUN
spir-10942	196	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	196	4	39(2	39(2	NUM
spir-10942	196	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	196	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	196	7	563–570	563–570	NUM
spir-10942	196	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	197	1	maréchal	maréchal	PROPN
spir-10942	197	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	197	3	n.	n.	NOUN
spir-10942	197	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	197	5	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	197	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	197	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	198	1	networked	networked	ADJ
spir-10942	198	2	authoritarianism	authoritarianism	NOUN
spir-10942	198	3	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	198	4	the	the	DET
spir-10942	198	5	geopolitics	geopolitic	NOUN
spir-10942	198	6	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	198	7	information	information	NOUN
spir-10942	198	8	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	198	9	understanding	understand	VERB
spir-10942	198	10	russian	russian	ADJ
spir-10942	198	11	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-10942	198	12	policy	policy	NOUN
spir-10942	198	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	199	1	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	199	2	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	199	3	communication	communication	NOUN
spir-10942	199	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	199	5	5(1	5(1	NUM
spir-10942	199	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	199	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	200	1	marwick	marwick	PROPN
spir-10942	200	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	200	3	a.	a.	PROPN
spir-10942	200	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	200	5	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	200	6	lewis	lewis	PROPN
spir-10942	200	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	200	8	r.	r.	PROPN
spir-10942	200	9	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	200	10	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	200	11	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	200	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	201	1	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	201	2	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
spir-10942	201	3	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	201	4	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-10942	201	5	online	online	ADV
spir-10942	201	6	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	201	7	pp	pp	ADJ
spir-10942	201	8	.	.	NOUN
spir-10942	201	9	1	1	NUM
spir-10942	201	10	–	–	PUNCT
spir-10942	201	11	106	106	NUM
spir-10942	201	12	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	201	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	202	1	data	datum	NOUN
spir-10942	202	2	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	202	3	society	society	NOUN
spir-10942	202	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	203	1	newman	newman	PROPN
spir-10942	203	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	203	3	n.	n.	PROPN
spir-10942	203	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	203	5	fletcher	fletcher	PROPN
spir-10942	203	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	203	7	r.	r.	PROPN
spir-10942	203	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	203	9	kalogeropoulos	kalogeropoulos	PROPN
spir-10942	203	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	203	11	a.	a.	NOUN
spir-10942	203	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	203	13	levy	levy	NOUN
spir-10942	203	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	203	15	d.	d.	PROPN
spir-10942	203	16	a.	a.	PROPN
spir-10942	203	17	l.	l.	PROPN
spir-10942	203	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	203	19	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	203	20	nielsen	nielsen	PROPN
spir-10942	203	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	203	22	r.	r.	PROPN
spir-10942	203	23	k.	k.	PROPN
spir-10942	203	24	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	203	25	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	203	26	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	203	27	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	204	1	digital	digital	PROPN
spir-10942	204	2	news	news	PROPN
spir-10942	204	3	report	report	NOUN
spir-10942	204	4	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	204	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	204	6	144	144	NUM
spir-10942	204	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	205	1	polyakova	polyakova	PROPN
spir-10942	205	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	205	3	a.	a.	NOUN
spir-10942	205	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	205	5	laurelle	laurelle	NOUN
spir-10942	205	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	205	7	m.	m.	NOUN
spir-10942	205	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	205	9	meister	meister	PROPN
spir-10942	205	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	205	11	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-10942	205	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	205	13	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	205	14	barnett	barnett	PROPN
spir-10942	205	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	205	16	n.	n.	PROPN
spir-10942	205	17	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	205	18	2016	2016	NUM
spir-10942	205	19	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	205	20	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	206	1	the	the	DET
spir-10942	206	2	kremlin	kremlin	PROPN
spir-10942	206	3	’s	’s	PART
spir-10942	206	4	trojan	trojan	PROPN
spir-10942	206	5	horses	horse	NOUN
spir-10942	206	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	207	1	atlantic	atlantic	PROPN
spir-10942	207	2	council	council	PROPN
spir-10942	207	3	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	208	1	twitter	twitter	NOUN
spir-10942	208	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	209	1	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	209	2	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	209	3	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	209	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	210	1	elections	election	NOUN
spir-10942	210	2	integrity	integrity	NOUN
spir-10942	210	3	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	211	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
spir-10942	211	2	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	211	3	https://about.twitter.com/en_us/values/elections-integrity.html	https://about.twitter.com/en_us/values/elections-integrity.html	DET
spir-10942	211	4	woolley	woolley	PROPN
spir-10942	211	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	211	6	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-10942	211	7	c.	c.	PROPN
spir-10942	211	8	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	211	9	2016	2016	NUM
spir-10942	211	10	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	211	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	212	1	automating	automate	VERB
spir-10942	212	2	power	power	NOUN
spir-10942	212	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	212	4	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	212	5	bot	bot	NOUN
spir-10942	212	6	interference	interference	NOUN
spir-10942	212	7	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	212	8	global	global	ADJ
spir-10942	212	9	politics	politic	NOUN
spir-10942	212	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	213	1	first	first	ADJ
spir-10942	213	2	monday	monday	PROPN
spir-10942	213	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	213	4	21(4	21(4	NUM
spir-10942	213	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	213	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	214	1	woolley	woolley	PROPN
spir-10942	214	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	214	3	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-10942	214	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	214	5	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	214	6	howard	howard	PROPN
spir-10942	214	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	214	8	p.	p.	NOUN
spir-10942	214	9	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	214	10	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	214	11	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	214	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	215	1	computational	computational	ADJ
spir-10942	215	2	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
spir-10942	215	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	215	4	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	215	5	parties	party	NOUN
spir-10942	215	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	215	7	politicians	politician	NOUN
spir-10942	215	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	215	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	215	10	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	215	11	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
spir-10942	215	12	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	215	13	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	215	14	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	215	15	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	216	1	oxford	oxford	NOUN
spir-10942	216	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	216	3	oxford	oxford	PROPN
spir-10942	216	4	university	university	PROPN
spir-10942	216	5	press	press	NOUN
spir-10942	216	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	217	1	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	217	2	engine	engine	NOUN
spir-10942	217	3	optimization	optimization	NOUN
spir-10942	217	4	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	217	5	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	217	6	youtube	youtube	NOUN
spir-10942	217	7	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	217	8	sociotechnically	sociotechnically	ADV
spir-10942	217	9	situated	situated	ADJ
spir-10942	217	10	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-10942	217	11	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	217	12	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
spir-10942	217	13	rebecca	rebecca	PROPN
spir-10942	217	14	lewis	lewis	PROPN
spir-10942	217	15	stanford	stanford	PROPN
spir-10942	217	16	university	university	PROPN
spir-10942	217	17	leon	leon	PROPN
spir-10942	217	18	yin	yin	PROPN
spir-10942	217	19	new	new	PROPN
spir-10942	217	20	york	york	PROPN
spir-10942	217	21	university	university	PROPN
spir-10942	217	22	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	217	23	recent	recent	ADJ
spir-10942	217	24	years	year	NOUN
spir-10942	217	25	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	217	26	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	217	27	engines	engine	NOUN
spir-10942	217	28	have	have	AUX
spir-10942	217	29	become	become	VERB
spir-10942	217	30	invaluable	invaluable	ADJ
spir-10942	217	31	resources	resource	NOUN
spir-10942	217	32	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	217	33	people	people	NOUN
spir-10942	217	34	seeking	seek	VERB
spir-10942	217	35	information	information	NOUN
spir-10942	217	36	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	218	1	as	as	SCONJ
spir-10942	218	2	described	describe	VERB
spir-10942	218	3	by	by	ADP
spir-10942	218	4	information	information	NOUN
spir-10942	218	5	studies	study	NOUN
spir-10942	218	6	scholars	scholar	NOUN
spir-10942	218	7	deirdre	deirdre	PROPN
spir-10942	218	8	mulligan	mulligan	PROPN
spir-10942	218	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	218	10	daniel	daniel	PROPN
spir-10942	218	11	griffin	griffin	PROPN
spir-10942	218	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	218	13	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	218	14	engines	engine	NOUN
spir-10942	218	15	no	no	ADV
spir-10942	218	16	longer	long	ADV
spir-10942	218	17	only	only	ADV
spir-10942	218	18	shape	shape	VERB
spir-10942	218	19	public	public	ADJ
spir-10942	218	20	understandings	understanding	NOUN
spir-10942	218	21	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	218	22	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-10942	218	23	content	content	NOUN
spir-10942	218	24	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	218	25	they	they	PRON
spir-10942	218	26	also	also	ADV
spir-10942	218	27	“	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	218	28	shape	shape	VERB
spir-10942	218	29	[	[	X
spir-10942	218	30	our	our	PRON
spir-10942	218	31	]	]	X
spir-10942	218	32	public	public	ADJ
spir-10942	218	33	understanding	understanding	NOUN
spir-10942	218	34	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	218	35	the	the	DET
spir-10942	218	36	world	world	NOUN
spir-10942	218	37	”	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	218	38	at	at	ADP
spir-10942	218	39	large	large	ADJ
spir-10942	218	40	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	218	41	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	218	42	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	218	43	557	557	NUM
spir-10942	218	44	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	218	45	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	219	1	a	a	DET
spir-10942	219	2	range	range	NOUN
spir-10942	219	3	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	219	4	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
spir-10942	219	5	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	219	6	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
spir-10942	219	7	studies	study	NOUN
spir-10942	219	8	over	over	ADP
spir-10942	219	9	the	the	DET
spir-10942	219	10	past	past	ADJ
spir-10942	219	11	decade	decade	NOUN
spir-10942	219	12	have	have	AUX
spir-10942	219	13	shown	show	VERB
spir-10942	219	14	that	that	SCONJ
spir-10942	219	15	people	people	NOUN
spir-10942	219	16	inherently	inherently	ADV
spir-10942	219	17	trust	trust	VERB
spir-10942	219	18	the	the	DET
spir-10942	219	19	information	information	NOUN
spir-10942	219	20	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	219	21	appears	appear	VERB
spir-10942	219	22	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	219	23	them	they	PRON
spir-10942	219	24	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	219	25	online	online	ADJ
spir-10942	219	26	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	219	27	results	result	NOUN
spir-10942	219	28	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	219	29	daniels	daniels	PROPN
spir-10942	219	30	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	219	31	2009	2009	NUM
spir-10942	219	32	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	219	33	purcell	purcell	PROPN
spir-10942	219	34	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	219	35	brenner	brenner	PROPN
spir-10942	219	36	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	219	37	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	219	38	rainie	rainie	PROPN
spir-10942	219	39	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	219	40	2012	2012	NUM
spir-10942	219	41	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	219	42	tripodi	tripodi	NOUN
spir-10942	219	43	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	219	44	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	219	45	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	219	46	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	220	1	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	220	2	this	this	DET
spir-10942	220	3	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-10942	220	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	220	5	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	220	6	argue	argue	VERB
spir-10942	220	7	that	that	SCONJ
spir-10942	220	8	despite	despite	SCONJ
spir-10942	220	9	this	this	DET
spir-10942	220	10	trust	trust	NOUN
spir-10942	220	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	220	12	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	220	13	engines	engine	NOUN
spir-10942	220	14	are	be	AUX
spir-10942	220	15	themselves	themselves	PRON
spir-10942	220	16	often	often	ADV
spir-10942	220	17	instruments	instrument	NOUN
spir-10942	220	18	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	220	19	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
spir-10942	220	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	220	21	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-10942	220	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	220	23	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	220	24	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
spir-10942	220	25	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	221	1	specifically	specifically	ADV
spir-10942	221	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	221	3	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	221	4	argue	argue	VERB
spir-10942	221	5	that	that	SCONJ
spir-10942	221	6	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	221	7	influencers	influencer	NOUN
spir-10942	221	8	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	221	9	alternative	alternative	ADJ
spir-10942	221	10	news	news	NOUN
spir-10942	221	11	sources	source	NOUN
spir-10942	221	12	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	221	13	youtube	youtube	NOUN
spir-10942	221	14	are	be	AUX
spir-10942	221	15	adopting	adopt	VERB
spir-10942	221	16	the	the	DET
spir-10942	221	17	tactics	tactic	NOUN
spir-10942	221	18	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	221	19	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	221	20	engine	engine	NOUN
spir-10942	221	21	optimization	optimization	NOUN
spir-10942	221	22	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	221	23	ways	way	NOUN
spir-10942	221	24	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	221	25	intentionally	intentionally	ADV
spir-10942	221	26	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	221	27	unintentionally	unintentionally	ADV
spir-10942	221	28	amplify	amplify	VERB
spir-10942	221	29	misleading	misleading	ADJ
spir-10942	221	30	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	221	31	problematic	problematic	ADJ
spir-10942	221	32	information	information	NOUN
spir-10942	221	33	–	–	PUNCT
spir-10942	221	34	or	or	CCONJ
spir-10942	221	35	place	place	VERB
spir-10942	221	36	it	it	PRON
spir-10942	221	37	within	within	ADP
spir-10942	221	38	misleading	misleading	ADJ
spir-10942	221	39	or	or	CCONJ
spir-10942	221	40	problematic	problematic	ADJ
spir-10942	221	41	contexts	contexts	NOUN
spir-10942	221	42	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	222	1	our	our	PRON
spir-10942	222	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-10942	222	3	centers	center	NOUN
spir-10942	222	4	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	222	5	the	the	DET
spir-10942	222	6	content	content	NOUN
spir-10942	222	7	tags	tag	NOUN
spir-10942	222	8	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	222	9	a	a	DET
spir-10942	222	10	range	range	NOUN
spir-10942	222	11	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	222	12	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	222	13	youtube	youtube	NOUN
spir-10942	222	14	creators	creator	NOUN
spir-10942	222	15	place	place	VERB
spir-10942	222	16	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	222	17	their	their	PRON
spir-10942	222	18	videos	video	NOUN
spir-10942	222	19	to	to	PART
spir-10942	222	20	optimize	optimize	VERB
spir-10942	222	21	their	their	PRON
spir-10942	222	22	placement	placement	NOUN
spir-10942	222	23	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	222	24	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	222	25	results	result	NOUN
spir-10942	222	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	222	27	as	as	ADV
spir-10942	222	28	well	well	ADV
spir-10942	222	29	as	as	ADP
spir-10942	222	30	the	the	DET
spir-10942	222	31	content	content	NOUN
spir-10942	222	32	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	222	33	the	the	DET
spir-10942	222	34	videos	video	NOUN
spir-10942	222	35	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	222	36	are	be	AUX
spir-10942	222	37	labeled	label	VERB
spir-10942	222	38	with	with	ADP
spir-10942	222	39	these	these	DET
spir-10942	222	40	tags	tag	NOUN
spir-10942	222	41	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	223	1	combining	combine	VERB
spir-10942	223	2	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
spir-10942	223	3	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	223	4	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
spir-10942	223	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-10942	223	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	223	7	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	223	8	develop	develop	VERB
spir-10942	223	9	a	a	DET
spir-10942	223	10	typology	typology	NOUN
spir-10942	223	11	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	223	12	these	these	DET
spir-10942	223	13	tags	tag	NOUN
spir-10942	223	14	to	to	PART
spir-10942	223	15	specify	specify	VERB
spir-10942	223	16	how	how	SCONJ
spir-10942	223	17	they	they	PRON
spir-10942	223	18	can	can	AUX
spir-10942	223	19	result	result	VERB
spir-10942	223	20	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	223	21	differing	differ	VERB
spir-10942	223	22	kinds	kind	NOUN
spir-10942	223	23	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	223	24	misleading	mislead	VERB
spir-10942	223	25	information	information	NOUN
spir-10942	223	26	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	224	1	while	while	SCONJ
spir-10942	224	2	journalistic	journalistic	ADJ
spir-10942	224	3	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	224	4	academic	academic	ADJ
spir-10942	224	5	accounts	account	NOUN
spir-10942	224	6	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	224	7	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	224	8	engines	engine	NOUN
spir-10942	224	9	have	have	AUX
spir-10942	224	10	largely	largely	ADV
spir-10942	224	11	focused	focus	VERB
spir-10942	224	12	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	224	13	google	google	PROPN
spir-10942	224	14	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	224	15	bing	bing	NOUN
spir-10942	224	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	224	17	these	these	PRON
spir-10942	224	18	accounts	account	VERB
spir-10942	224	19	neglect	neglect	NOUN
spir-10942	224	20	to	to	AUX
spir-10942	224	21	account	account	VERB
spir-10942	224	22	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	224	23	the	the	DET
spir-10942	224	24	fact	fact	NOUN
spir-10942	224	25	that	that	SCONJ
spir-10942	224	26	youtube	youtube	NOUN
spir-10942	224	27	is	be	AUX
spir-10942	224	28	a	a	DET
spir-10942	224	29	crucial	crucial	ADJ
spir-10942	224	30	source	source	NOUN
spir-10942	224	31	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	224	32	information	information	NOUN
spir-10942	224	33	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	224	34	seeking	seeking	NOUN
spir-10942	224	35	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	224	36	particularly	particularly	ADV
spir-10942	224	37	among	among	ADP
spir-10942	224	38	young	young	ADJ
spir-10942	224	39	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-10942	224	40	users	user	NOUN
spir-10942	224	41	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	225	1	according	accord	VERB
spir-10942	225	2	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	225	3	a	a	DET
spir-10942	225	4	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	225	5	pew	pew	NOUN
spir-10942	225	6	research	research	NOUN
spir-10942	225	7	report	report	NOUN
spir-10942	225	8	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	225	9	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	225	10	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	225	11	use	use	NOUN
spir-10942	225	12	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	225	13	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	225	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	225	15	youtube	youtube	NOUN
spir-10942	225	16	is	be	AUX
spir-10942	225	17	used	use	VERB
spir-10942	225	18	by	by	ADP
spir-10942	225	19	nearly	nearly	ADV
spir-10942	225	20	three	three	NUM
spir-10942	225	21	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	225	22	quarters	quarter	NOUN
spir-10942	225	23	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	225	24	american	american	ADJ
spir-10942	225	25	adults	adult	NOUN
spir-10942	225	26	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	225	27	94	94	NUM
spir-10942	225	28	%	%	NOUN
spir-10942	225	29	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	225	30	18	18	NUM
spir-10942	225	31	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	225	32	to-24	to-24	NOUN
spir-10942	225	33	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	225	34	year	year	NOUN
spir-10942	225	35	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	225	36	olds	old	NOUN
spir-10942	225	37	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	225	38	smith	smith	PROPN
spir-10942	225	39	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	225	40	anderson	anderson	PROPN
spir-10942	225	41	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	225	42	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	225	43	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	225	44	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	226	1	about	about	ADV
spir-10942	226	2	a	a	DET
spir-10942	226	3	third	third	NOUN
spir-10942	226	4	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	226	5	those	those	DET
spir-10942	226	6	users	user	NOUN
spir-10942	226	7	get	get	VERB
spir-10942	226	8	their	their	PRON
spir-10942	226	9	news	news	NOUN
spir-10942	226	10	there	there	ADV
spir-10942	226	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	226	12	making	make	VERB
spir-10942	226	13	it	it	PRON
spir-10942	226	14	the	the	DET
spir-10942	226	15	second	second	ADJ
spir-10942	226	16	most	most	ADV
spir-10942	226	17	common	common	ADJ
spir-10942	226	18	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	226	19	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	226	20	site	site	NOUN
spir-10942	226	21	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	226	22	news	news	NOUN
spir-10942	226	23	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	226	24	behind	behind	ADP
spir-10942	226	25	facebook	facebook	PROPN
spir-10942	226	26	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	226	27	shearer	shearer	PROPN
spir-10942	226	28	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	226	29	gottfried	gottfried	PROPN
spir-10942	226	30	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	226	31	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	226	32	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	226	33	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	227	1	most	most	ADV
spir-10942	227	2	importantly	importantly	ADV
spir-10942	227	3	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	227	4	the	the	DET
spir-10942	227	5	purposes	purpose	NOUN
spir-10942	227	6	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	227	7	this	this	DET
spir-10942	227	8	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-10942	227	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	227	10	youtube	youtube	NOUN
spir-10942	227	11	is	be	AUX
spir-10942	227	12	the	the	DET
spir-10942	227	13	second	second	ADV
spir-10942	227	14	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	227	15	most	most	ADV
spir-10942	227	16	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	227	17	popular	popular	ADJ
spir-10942	227	18	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	227	19	engine	engine	NOUN
spir-10942	227	20	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	227	21	the	the	DET
spir-10942	227	22	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-10942	227	23	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	227	24	behind	behind	ADP
spir-10942	227	25	online	online	ADV
spir-10942	227	26	its	its	PRON
spir-10942	227	27	parent	parent	NOUN
spir-10942	227	28	company	company	NOUN
spir-10942	227	29	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	227	30	google	google	PROPN
spir-10942	227	31	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	227	32	richards	richard	NOUN
spir-10942	227	33	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	227	34	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	227	35	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	227	36	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	228	1	more	more	ADV
spir-10942	228	2	recently	recently	ADV
spir-10942	228	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	228	4	analyses	analysis	NOUN
spir-10942	228	5	have	have	AUX
spir-10942	228	6	begun	begin	VERB
spir-10942	228	7	to	to	PART
spir-10942	228	8	treat	treat	VERB
spir-10942	228	9	youtube	youtube	NOUN
spir-10942	228	10	as	as	ADP
spir-10942	228	11	a	a	DET
spir-10942	228	12	serious	serious	ADJ
spir-10942	228	13	source	source	NOUN
spir-10942	228	14	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	228	15	news	news	NOUN
spir-10942	228	16	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	228	17	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	228	18	content	content	NOUN
spir-10942	228	19	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	228	20	lewis	lewis	PROPN
spir-10942	228	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	228	22	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	228	23	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	228	24	tripodi	tripodi	NOUN
spir-10942	228	25	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	228	26	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	228	27	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	228	28	tufekci	tufekci	VERB
spir-10942	228	29	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	228	30	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	228	31	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	228	32	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	229	1	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	229	2	particular	particular	ADJ
spir-10942	229	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	229	4	these	these	DET
spir-10942	229	5	analyses	analysis	NOUN
spir-10942	229	6	have	have	AUX
spir-10942	229	7	focused	focus	VERB
spir-10942	229	8	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	229	9	the	the	DET
spir-10942	229	10	radicalizing	radicalize	VERB
spir-10942	229	11	potential	potential	NOUN
spir-10942	229	12	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	229	13	right	right	ADJ
spir-10942	229	14	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	229	15	wing	wing	NOUN
spir-10942	229	16	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	229	17	content	content	NOUN
spir-10942	229	18	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	229	19	the	the	DET
spir-10942	229	20	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-10942	229	21	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	230	1	tufekci	tufekci	PROPN
spir-10942	230	2	’s	’s	PART
spir-10942	230	3	work	work	NOUN
spir-10942	230	4	has	have	AUX
spir-10942	230	5	highlighted	highlight	VERB
spir-10942	230	6	the	the	DET
spir-10942	230	7	power	power	NOUN
spir-10942	230	8	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	230	9	the	the	DET
spir-10942	230	10	youtube	youtube	NOUN
spir-10942	230	11	algorithm	algorithm	NOUN
spir-10942	230	12	to	to	PART
spir-10942	230	13	draw	draw	VERB
spir-10942	230	14	users	user	NOUN
spir-10942	230	15	into	into	ADP
spir-10942	230	16	more	more	ADJ
spir-10942	230	17	extremist	extremist	ADJ
spir-10942	230	18	content	content	NOUN
spir-10942	230	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	230	20	while	while	SCONJ
spir-10942	230	21	lewis	lewis	PROPN
spir-10942	230	22	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	230	23	tripodi	tripodi	PROPN
spir-10942	230	24	have	have	AUX
spir-10942	230	25	focused	focus	VERB
spir-10942	230	26	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	230	27	the	the	DET
spir-10942	230	28	power	power	NOUN
spir-10942	230	29	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	230	30	youtube	youtube	NOUN
spir-10942	230	31	influencers	influencer	NOUN
spir-10942	230	32	as	as	ADP
spir-10942	230	33	alternative	alternative	ADJ
spir-10942	230	34	news	news	NOUN
spir-10942	230	35	sources	source	NOUN
spir-10942	230	36	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	230	37	can	can	AUX
spir-10942	230	38	lead	lead	VERB
spir-10942	230	39	their	their	PRON
spir-10942	230	40	audiences	audience	NOUN
spir-10942	230	41	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	230	42	extremist	extremist	ADJ
spir-10942	230	43	content	content	NOUN
spir-10942	230	44	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	231	1	rather	rather	ADV
spir-10942	231	2	than	than	ADP
spir-10942	231	3	focusing	focus	VERB
spir-10942	231	4	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	231	5	recommendation	recommendation	NOUN
spir-10942	231	6	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
spir-10942	231	7	or	or	CCONJ
spir-10942	231	8	video	video	NOUN
spir-10942	231	9	content	content	NOUN
spir-10942	231	10	as	as	ADP
spir-10942	231	11	pathways	pathway	NOUN
spir-10942	231	12	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	231	13	radicalization	radicalization	NOUN
spir-10942	231	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	231	15	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	231	16	focus	focus	VERB
spir-10942	231	17	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	231	18	youtubers	youtuber	NOUN
spir-10942	231	19	’	'	PUNCT
spir-10942	231	20	tactics	tactic	NOUN
spir-10942	231	21	to	to	PART
spir-10942	231	22	influence	influence	VERB
spir-10942	231	23	users	user	NOUN
spir-10942	231	24	’	’	PART
spir-10942	231	25	information	information	NOUN
spir-10942	231	26	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	231	27	gathering	gathering	NOUN
spir-10942	231	28	at	at	ADP
spir-10942	231	29	a	a	DET
spir-10942	231	30	first	first	ADJ
spir-10942	231	31	point	point	NOUN
spir-10942	231	32	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	231	33	entry	entry	NOUN
spir-10942	231	34	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	231	35	youtube	youtube	NOUN
spir-10942	231	36	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	231	37	results	result	NOUN
spir-10942	231	38	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	232	1	thus	thus	ADV
spir-10942	232	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	232	3	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	232	4	also	also	ADV
spir-10942	232	5	build	build	VERB
spir-10942	232	6	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	232	7	the	the	DET
spir-10942	232	8	growing	grow	VERB
spir-10942	232	9	body	body	NOUN
spir-10942	232	10	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	232	11	literature	literature	NOUN
spir-10942	232	12	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	232	13	argues	argue	VERB
spir-10942	232	14	that	that	SCONJ
spir-10942	232	15	as	as	ADP
spir-10942	232	16	advertising	advertising	NOUN
spir-10942	232	17	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	232	18	driven	drive	VERB
spir-10942	232	19	companies	company	NOUN
spir-10942	232	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	232	21	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	232	22	engines	engine	NOUN
spir-10942	232	23	are	be	AUX
spir-10942	232	24	not	not	PART
spir-10942	232	25	neutral	neutral	ADJ
spir-10942	232	26	distributors	distributor	NOUN
spir-10942	232	27	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	232	28	information	information	NOUN
spir-10942	232	29	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	232	30	mulligan	mulligan	PROPN
spir-10942	232	31	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	232	32	griffin	griffin	PROPN
spir-10942	232	33	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	232	34	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	232	35	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	232	36	noble	noble	ADJ
spir-10942	232	37	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	232	38	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	232	39	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	232	40	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	233	1	specifically	specifically	ADV
spir-10942	233	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	233	3	as	as	SCONJ
spir-10942	233	4	this	this	DET
spir-10942	233	5	literature	literature	NOUN
spir-10942	233	6	as	as	SCONJ
spir-10942	233	7	noted	note	VERB
spir-10942	233	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	233	9	a	a	DET
spir-10942	233	10	range	range	NOUN
spir-10942	233	11	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	233	12	actors	actor	NOUN
spir-10942	233	13	have	have	AUX
spir-10942	233	14	learned	learn	VERB
spir-10942	233	15	to	to	PART
spir-10942	233	16	adopt	adopt	VERB
spir-10942	233	17	“	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	233	18	black	black	ADJ
spir-10942	233	19	hat	hat	NOUN
spir-10942	233	20	”	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	233	21	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	233	22	engine	engine	NOUN
spir-10942	233	23	optimization	optimization	NOUN
spir-10942	233	24	tactics	tactic	NOUN
spir-10942	233	25	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	233	26	can	can	AUX
spir-10942	233	27	exploit	exploit	VERB
spir-10942	233	28	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	233	29	results	result	NOUN
spir-10942	233	30	with	with	ADP
spir-10942	233	31	low	low	ADJ
spir-10942	233	32	content	content	NOUN
spir-10942	233	33	results	result	NOUN
spir-10942	233	34	or	or	CCONJ
spir-10942	233	35	mask	mask	VERB
spir-10942	233	36	the	the	DET
spir-10942	233	37	original	original	ADJ
spir-10942	233	38	sourcing	sourcing	NOUN
spir-10942	233	39	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	233	40	highly	highly	ADV
spir-10942	233	41	ranked	rank	VERB
spir-10942	233	42	results	result	NOUN
spir-10942	233	43	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	234	1	our	our	PRON
spir-10942	234	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-10942	234	3	builds	build	VERB
spir-10942	234	4	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	234	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	234	6	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	234	7	draws	draw	VERB
spir-10942	234	8	together	together	ADV
spir-10942	234	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	234	10	these	these	DET
spir-10942	234	11	two	two	NUM
spir-10942	234	12	strands	strand	NOUN
spir-10942	234	13	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	234	14	literature	literature	NOUN
spir-10942	234	15	by	by	ADP
spir-10942	234	16	interrogating	interrogate	VERB
spir-10942	234	17	the	the	DET
spir-10942	234	18	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	234	19	engine	engine	NOUN
spir-10942	234	20	optimization	optimization	NOUN
spir-10942	234	21	strategies	strategy	NOUN
spir-10942	234	22	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	234	23	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	234	24	youtubers	youtuber	NOUN
spir-10942	234	25	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	234	26	channels	channel	NOUN
spir-10942	234	27	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	235	1	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	235	2	were	be	AUX
spir-10942	235	3	driven	drive	VERB
spir-10942	235	4	by	by	ADP
spir-10942	235	5	the	the	DET
spir-10942	235	6	following	follow	VERB
spir-10942	235	7	research	research	NOUN
spir-10942	235	8	questions	question	NOUN
spir-10942	235	9	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	235	10	what	what	PRON
spir-10942	235	11	specific	specific	ADJ
spir-10942	235	12	seo	seo	NOUN
spir-10942	235	13	strategies	strategy	NOUN
spir-10942	235	14	do	do	AUX
spir-10942	235	15	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	235	16	youtubers	youtuber	NOUN
spir-10942	235	17	adopt	adopt	VERB
spir-10942	235	18	to	to	PART
spir-10942	235	19	appear	appear	VERB
spir-10942	235	20	highly	highly	ADV
spir-10942	235	21	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	235	22	youtube	youtube	NOUN
spir-10942	235	23	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	235	24	results	result	NOUN
spir-10942	235	25	?	?	PUNCT
spir-10942	236	1	what	what	PRON
spir-10942	236	2	are	be	AUX
spir-10942	236	3	the	the	DET
spir-10942	236	4	possible	possible	ADJ
spir-10942	236	5	implications	implication	NOUN
spir-10942	236	6	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	236	7	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-10942	236	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	236	9	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
spir-10942	236	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	236	11	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	236	12	other	other	ADJ
spir-10942	236	13	harmful	harmful	ADJ
spir-10942	236	14	information	information	NOUN
spir-10942	236	15	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	236	16	the	the	DET
spir-10942	236	17	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-10942	236	18	?	?	PUNCT
spir-10942	237	1	to	to	PART
spir-10942	237	2	answer	answer	VERB
spir-10942	237	3	these	these	DET
spir-10942	237	4	questions	question	NOUN
spir-10942	237	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	237	6	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	237	7	developed	develop	VERB
spir-10942	237	8	a	a	DET
spir-10942	237	9	population	population	NOUN
spir-10942	237	10	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	237	11	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-10942	237	12	by	by	ADP
spir-10942	237	13	identifying	identify	VERB
spir-10942	237	14	seed	seed	NOUN
spir-10942	237	15	english	english	ADJ
spir-10942	237	16	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	237	17	language	language	NOUN
spir-10942	237	18	youtuber	youtuber	NOUN
spir-10942	237	19	accounts	account	VERB
spir-10942	237	20	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	237	21	both	both	CCONJ
spir-10942	237	22	the	the	DET
spir-10942	237	23	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	237	24	right	right	NOUN
spir-10942	237	25	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	237	26	the	the	DET
spir-10942	237	27	left	left	NOUN
spir-10942	237	28	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	237	29	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	237	30	then	then	ADV
spir-10942	237	31	used	use	VERB
spir-10942	237	32	a	a	DET
spir-10942	237	33	snowball	snowball	NOUN
spir-10942	237	34	method	method	NOUN
spir-10942	237	35	to	to	PART
spir-10942	237	36	build	build	VERB
spir-10942	237	37	out	out	ADP
spir-10942	237	38	the	the	DET
spir-10942	237	39	larger	large	ADJ
spir-10942	237	40	sample	sample	NOUN
spir-10942	237	41	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	238	1	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	238	2	extracted	extract	VERB
spir-10942	238	3	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	238	4	tags	tag	NOUN
spir-10942	238	5	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	238	6	video	video	NOUN
spir-10942	238	7	metadata	metadata	NOUN
spir-10942	238	8	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
spir-10942	238	9	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	238	10	the	the	DET
spir-10942	238	11	youtube	youtube	PROPN
spir-10942	238	12	data	data	PROPN
spir-10942	238	13	api	api	NOUN
spir-10942	238	14	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	239	1	these	these	DET
spir-10942	239	2	tags	tag	NOUN
spir-10942	239	3	are	be	AUX
spir-10942	239	4	explicitly	explicitly	ADV
spir-10942	239	5	input	input	VERB
spir-10942	239	6	by	by	ADP
spir-10942	239	7	users	user	NOUN
spir-10942	239	8	uploading	upload	VERB
spir-10942	239	9	videos	video	NOUN
spir-10942	239	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	239	11	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	239	12	they	they	PRON
spir-10942	239	13	help	help	VERB
spir-10942	239	14	the	the	DET
spir-10942	239	15	youtube	youtube	NOUN
spir-10942	239	16	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	239	17	algorithm	algorithm	NOUN
spir-10942	239	18	rank	rank	NOUN
spir-10942	239	19	results	result	NOUN
spir-10942	239	20	by	by	ADP
spir-10942	239	21	relevance	relevance	NOUN
spir-10942	239	22	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	239	23	related	related	ADJ
spir-10942	239	24	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	239	25	terms	term	NOUN
spir-10942	239	26	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	240	1	although	although	SCONJ
spir-10942	240	2	these	these	DET
spir-10942	240	3	tags	tag	NOUN
spir-10942	240	4	are	be	AUX
spir-10942	240	5	not	not	PART
spir-10942	240	6	visible	visible	ADJ
spir-10942	240	7	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	240	8	content	content	NOUN
spir-10942	240	9	viewers	viewer	NOUN
spir-10942	240	10	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	240	11	the	the	DET
spir-10942	240	12	site	site	NOUN
spir-10942	240	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	240	14	they	they	PRON
spir-10942	240	15	are	be	AUX
spir-10942	240	16	available	available	ADJ
spir-10942	240	17	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	240	18	the	the	DET
spir-10942	240	19	api	api	NOUN
spir-10942	240	20	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	241	1	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	241	2	this	this	DET
spir-10942	241	3	reason	reason	NOUN
spir-10942	241	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	241	5	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	241	6	any	any	DET
spir-10942	241	7	given	give	VERB
spir-10942	241	8	user	user	NOUN
spir-10942	241	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	241	10	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	241	11	can	can	AUX
spir-10942	241	12	count	count	VERB
spir-10942	241	13	the	the	DET
spir-10942	241	14	unique	unique	ADJ
spir-10942	241	15	instances	instance	NOUN
spir-10942	241	16	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	241	17	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	241	18	tags	tag	NOUN
spir-10942	241	19	across	across	ADP
spir-10942	241	20	every	every	DET
spir-10942	241	21	video	video	NOUN
spir-10942	241	22	they	they	PRON
spir-10942	241	23	have	have	AUX
spir-10942	241	24	uploaded	upload	VERB
spir-10942	241	25	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	242	1	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	242	2	videos	video	NOUN
spir-10942	242	3	with	with	ADP
spir-10942	242	4	specific	specific	ADJ
spir-10942	242	5	tags	tag	NOUN
spir-10942	242	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	242	7	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	242	8	also	also	ADV
spir-10942	242	9	performed	perform	VERB
spir-10942	242	10	a	a	DET
spir-10942	242	11	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
spir-10942	242	12	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-10942	242	13	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	242	14	the	the	DET
spir-10942	242	15	video	video	NOUN
spir-10942	242	16	content	content	NOUN
spir-10942	242	17	itself	itself	PRON
spir-10942	242	18	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	243	1	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	243	2	watched	watch	VERB
spir-10942	243	3	a	a	DET
spir-10942	243	4	wide	wide	ADJ
spir-10942	243	5	range	range	NOUN
spir-10942	243	6	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	243	7	videos	video	NOUN
spir-10942	243	8	within	within	ADP
spir-10942	243	9	the	the	DET
spir-10942	243	10	population	population	NOUN
spir-10942	243	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	243	12	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	243	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	243	14	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	243	15	certain	certain	ADJ
spir-10942	243	16	cases	case	NOUN
spir-10942	243	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	243	18	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	243	19	manually	manually	ADV
spir-10942	243	20	downloaded	download	VERB
spir-10942	243	21	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	243	22	performed	perform	VERB
spir-10942	243	23	qualitative	qualitative	NOUN
spir-10942	243	24	coding	coding	NOUN
spir-10942	243	25	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	243	26	youtube	youtube	NOUN
spir-10942	243	27	’s	’s	PART
spir-10942	243	28	automated	automate	VERB
spir-10942	243	29	video	video	NOUN
spir-10942	243	30	transcripts	transcript	NOUN
spir-10942	243	31	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	244	1	this	this	PRON
spir-10942	244	2	allowed	allow	VERB
spir-10942	244	3	us	we	PRON
spir-10942	244	4	to	to	PART
spir-10942	244	5	combine	combine	VERB
spir-10942	244	6	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
spir-10942	244	7	metrics	metric	NOUN
spir-10942	244	8	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	244	9	video	video	NOUN
spir-10942	244	10	tags	tag	NOUN
spir-10942	244	11	with	with	ADP
spir-10942	244	12	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
spir-10942	244	13	insights	insight	NOUN
spir-10942	244	14	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	244	15	videos	video	NOUN
spir-10942	244	16	themselves	themselves	PRON
spir-10942	244	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	244	18	thus	thus	ADV
spir-10942	244	19	giving	give	VERB
spir-10942	244	20	us	we	PRON
spir-10942	244	21	better	well	ADJ
spir-10942	244	22	insight	insight	NOUN
spir-10942	244	23	into	into	ADP
spir-10942	244	24	the	the	DET
spir-10942	244	25	work	work	NOUN
spir-10942	244	26	accomplished	accomplish	VERB
spir-10942	244	27	by	by	ADP
spir-10942	244	28	each	each	DET
spir-10942	244	29	tag	tag	NOUN
spir-10942	244	30	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	245	1	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	245	2	developed	develop	VERB
spir-10942	245	3	a	a	DET
spir-10942	245	4	typology	typology	NOUN
spir-10942	245	5	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	245	6	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	245	7	engine	engine	NOUN
spir-10942	245	8	optimization	optimization	NOUN
spir-10942	245	9	tactics	tactic	NOUN
spir-10942	245	10	employed	employ	VERB
spir-10942	245	11	by	by	ADP
spir-10942	245	12	these	these	DET
spir-10942	245	13	youtubers	youtuber	NOUN
spir-10942	245	14	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	246	1	first	first	ADV
spir-10942	246	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	246	3	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	246	4	observed	observe	VERB
spir-10942	246	5	evidence	evidence	NOUN
spir-10942	246	6	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	246	7	“	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	246	8	issue	issue	NOUN
spir-10942	246	9	hacking	hack	VERB
spir-10942	246	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	246	11	”	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	246	12	a	a	DET
spir-10942	246	13	concept	concept	NOUN
spir-10942	246	14	previously	previously	ADV
spir-10942	246	15	explored	explore	VERB
spir-10942	246	16	by	by	ADP
spir-10942	246	17	ried	rie	VERB
spir-10942	246	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	246	19	matamoros	matamoros	PROPN
spir-10942	246	20	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	246	21	fernández	fernández	PROPN
spir-10942	246	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	246	23	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	246	24	coromina	coromina	NOUN
spir-10942	246	25	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	246	26	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	246	27	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	246	28	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	246	29	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	246	30	which	which	PRON
spir-10942	246	31	youtubers	youtuber	NOUN
spir-10942	246	32	strategically	strategically	ADV
spir-10942	246	33	tag	tag	VERB
spir-10942	246	34	their	their	PRON
spir-10942	246	35	content	content	NOUN
spir-10942	246	36	with	with	ADP
spir-10942	246	37	hot	hot	ADJ
spir-10942	246	38	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	246	39	button	button	NOUN
spir-10942	246	40	issues	issue	NOUN
spir-10942	246	41	or	or	CCONJ
spir-10942	246	42	newsworthy	newsworthy	ADJ
spir-10942	246	43	topics	topic	NOUN
spir-10942	246	44	to	to	PART
spir-10942	246	45	attract	attract	VERB
spir-10942	246	46	more	more	ADJ
spir-10942	246	47	viewers	viewer	NOUN
spir-10942	246	48	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	247	1	second	second	ADJ
spir-10942	247	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	247	3	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	247	4	identified	identify	VERB
spir-10942	247	5	attempts	attempt	NOUN
spir-10942	247	6	at	at	ADP
spir-10942	247	7	influencer	influencer	NOUN
spir-10942	247	8	amplification	amplification	NOUN
spir-10942	247	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	247	10	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	247	11	which	which	PRON
spir-10942	247	12	users	user	NOUN
spir-10942	247	13	tag	tag	VERB
spir-10942	247	14	their	their	PRON
spir-10942	247	15	content	content	NOUN
spir-10942	247	16	with	with	ADP
spir-10942	247	17	specific	specific	ADJ
spir-10942	247	18	influential	influential	ADJ
spir-10942	247	19	people	people	NOUN
spir-10942	247	20	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	247	21	may	may	AUX
spir-10942	247	22	be	be	AUX
spir-10942	247	23	able	able	ADJ
spir-10942	247	24	to	to	PART
spir-10942	247	25	further	far	ADV
spir-10942	247	26	amplify	amplify	VERB
spir-10942	247	27	their	their	PRON
spir-10942	247	28	content	content	NOUN
spir-10942	247	29	–	–	PUNCT
spir-10942	247	30	or	or	CCONJ
spir-10942	247	31	who	who	PRON
spir-10942	247	32	may	may	AUX
spir-10942	247	33	be	be	AUX
spir-10942	247	34	frequent	frequent	ADJ
spir-10942	247	35	subjects	subject	NOUN
spir-10942	247	36	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	247	37	searches	search	NOUN
spir-10942	247	38	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	248	1	finally	finally	ADV
spir-10942	248	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	248	3	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	248	4	identified	identify	VERB
spir-10942	248	5	keyword	keyword	NOUN
spir-10942	248	6	tags	tag	NOUN
spir-10942	248	7	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	248	8	operate	operate	VERB
spir-10942	248	9	specifically	specifically	ADV
spir-10942	248	10	as	as	ADP
spir-10942	248	11	dog	dog	NOUN
spir-10942	248	12	whistles	whistle	NOUN
spir-10942	248	13	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	248	14	gateways	gateway	NOUN
spir-10942	248	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	248	16	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	248	17	which	which	PRON
spir-10942	248	18	content	content	NOUN
spir-10942	248	19	becomes	becomes	AUX
spir-10942	248	20	matched	match	VERB
spir-10942	248	21	with	with	ADP
spir-10942	248	22	terms	term	NOUN
spir-10942	248	23	that	that	SCONJ
spir-10942	248	24	specifically	specifically	ADV
spir-10942	248	25	mask	mask	VERB
spir-10942	248	26	extremist	extremist	ADJ
spir-10942	248	27	messaging	messaging	NOUN
spir-10942	248	28	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	249	1	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	249	2	all	all	DET
spir-10942	249	3	cases	case	NOUN
spir-10942	249	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	249	5	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	249	6	argue	argue	VERB
spir-10942	249	7	that	that	SCONJ
spir-10942	249	8	the	the	DET
spir-10942	249	9	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-10942	249	10	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	249	11	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
spir-10942	249	12	within	within	ADP
spir-10942	249	13	certain	certain	ADJ
spir-10942	249	14	videos	video	NOUN
spir-10942	249	15	has	have	VERB
spir-10942	249	16	the	the	DET
spir-10942	249	17	potential	potential	NOUN
spir-10942	249	18	to	to	PART
spir-10942	249	19	become	become	VERB
spir-10942	249	20	far	far	ADV
spir-10942	249	21	more	more	ADV
spir-10942	249	22	potent	potent	ADJ
spir-10942	249	23	when	when	SCONJ
spir-10942	249	24	successfully	successfully	ADV
spir-10942	249	25	placed	place	VERB
spir-10942	249	26	within	within	ADP
spir-10942	249	27	certain	certain	ADJ
spir-10942	249	28	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	249	29	contexts	contexts	NOUN
spir-10942	249	30	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	250	1	overall	overall	ADV
spir-10942	250	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	250	3	our	our	PRON
spir-10942	250	4	findings	finding	NOUN
spir-10942	250	5	indicate	indicate	VERB
spir-10942	250	6	that	that	SCONJ
spir-10942	250	7	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-10942	250	8	content	content	NOUN
spir-10942	250	9	creators	creator	NOUN
spir-10942	250	10	understand	understand	VERB
spir-10942	250	11	the	the	DET
spir-10942	250	12	importance	importance	NOUN
spir-10942	250	13	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	250	14	the	the	DET
spir-10942	250	15	positioning	positioning	NOUN
spir-10942	250	16	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	250	17	information	information	NOUN
spir-10942	250	18	within	within	ADP
spir-10942	250	19	certain	certain	ADJ
spir-10942	250	20	socio	socio	NOUN
spir-10942	250	21	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	250	22	technical	technical	ADJ
spir-10942	250	23	contexts	contexts	NOUN
spir-10942	250	24	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	251	1	as	as	ADP
spir-10942	251	2	a	a	DET
spir-10942	251	3	result	result	NOUN
spir-10942	251	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	251	5	it	it	PRON
spir-10942	251	6	is	be	AUX
spir-10942	251	7	essential	essential	ADJ
spir-10942	251	8	for	for	SCONJ
spir-10942	251	9	researchers	researcher	NOUN
spir-10942	251	10	to	to	PART
spir-10942	251	11	move	move	VERB
spir-10942	251	12	beyond	beyond	ADP
spir-10942	251	13	understandings	understanding	NOUN
spir-10942	251	14	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	251	15	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-10942	251	16	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
spir-10942	251	17	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	251	18	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-10942	251	19	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	251	20	focus	focus	VERB
spir-10942	251	21	solely	solely	ADV
spir-10942	251	22	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	251	23	the	the	DET
spir-10942	251	24	content	content	NOUN
spir-10942	251	25	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	251	26	messages	message	NOUN
spir-10942	251	27	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	252	1	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-10942	252	2	is	be	AUX
spir-10942	252	3	not	not	PART
spir-10942	252	4	only	only	ADV
spir-10942	252	5	a	a	DET
spir-10942	252	6	matter	matter	NOUN
spir-10942	252	7	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	252	8	content	content	NOUN
spir-10942	252	9	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	252	10	needs	need	VERB
spir-10942	252	11	to	to	PART
spir-10942	252	12	be	be	AUX
spir-10942	252	13	fact	fact	NOUN
spir-10942	252	14	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	252	15	checked	check	VERB
spir-10942	252	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	252	17	but	but	CCONJ
spir-10942	252	18	is	be	AUX
spir-10942	252	19	also	also	ADV
spir-10942	252	20	a	a	DET
spir-10942	252	21	result	result	NOUN
spir-10942	252	22	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	252	23	complex	complex	ADJ
spir-10942	252	24	relationships	relationship	NOUN
spir-10942	252	25	between	between	ADP
spir-10942	252	26	users	user	NOUN
spir-10942	252	27	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	252	28	the	the	DET
spir-10942	252	29	technical	technical	ADJ
spir-10942	252	30	systems	system	NOUN
spir-10942	252	31	they	they	PRON
spir-10942	252	32	use	use	VERB
spir-10942	252	33	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	253	1	references	reference	NOUN
spir-10942	253	2	daniels	daniels	PROPN
spir-10942	253	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	253	4	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-10942	253	5	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	253	6	2009	2009	NUM
spir-10942	253	7	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	253	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	254	1	cyber	cyber	PROPN
spir-10942	254	2	racism	racism	NOUN
spir-10942	254	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	254	4	white	white	ADJ
spir-10942	254	5	supremacy	supremacy	PROPN
spir-10942	254	6	online	online	ADV
spir-10942	254	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	254	8	the	the	DET
spir-10942	254	9	new	new	ADJ
spir-10942	254	10	attack	attack	NOUN
spir-10942	254	11	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	254	12	civil	civil	ADJ
spir-10942	254	13	rights	right	NOUN
spir-10942	254	14	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	255	1	lanham	lanham	PROPN
spir-10942	255	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	255	3	md	md	PROPN
spir-10942	255	4	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	255	5	rowman	rowman	PROPN
spir-10942	255	6	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	255	7	littlefield	littlefield	PROPN
spir-10942	255	8	publishers	publisher	NOUN
spir-10942	255	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	256	1	lewis	lewis	PROPN
spir-10942	256	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	256	3	r.	r.	PROPN
spir-10942	256	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	256	5	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	256	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	256	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	257	1	alternative	alternative	ADJ
spir-10942	257	2	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-10942	257	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	257	4	broadcasting	broadcast	VERB
spir-10942	257	5	the	the	DET
spir-10942	257	6	reactionary	reactionary	ADJ
spir-10942	257	7	right	right	NOUN
spir-10942	257	8	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	257	9	youtube	youtube	NOUN
spir-10942	257	10	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	257	11	white	white	ADJ
spir-10942	257	12	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-10942	257	13	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	257	14	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	258	1	data	data	PROPN
spir-10942	258	2	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	258	3	society	society	PROPN
spir-10942	258	4	research	research	PROPN
spir-10942	258	5	institute	institute	PROPN
spir-10942	258	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	259	1	mulligan	mulligan	PROPN
spir-10942	259	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	259	3	d.	d.	PROPN
spir-10942	259	4	k.	k.	PROPN
spir-10942	259	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	259	6	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	259	7	griffin	griffin	PROPN
spir-10942	259	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	259	9	d.	d.	PROPN
spir-10942	259	10	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-10942	259	11	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	259	12	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	259	13	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	259	14	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	260	1	rescripting	rescripte	VERB
spir-10942	260	2	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	260	3	to	to	PART
spir-10942	260	4	respect	respect	VERB
spir-10942	260	5	the	the	DET
spir-10942	260	6	right	right	NOUN
spir-10942	260	7	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	260	8	truth	truth	NOUN
spir-10942	260	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	261	1	georgetown	georgetown	PROPN
spir-10942	261	2	law	law	PROPN
spir-10942	261	3	technology	technology	PROPN
spir-10942	261	4	review	review	PROPN
spir-10942	261	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	261	6	2(2	2(2	NUM
spir-10942	261	7	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	261	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	261	9	557–584	557–584	NUM
spir-10942	261	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	262	1	noble	noble	ADJ
spir-10942	262	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	262	3	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-10942	262	4	u.	u.	PROPN
spir-10942	262	5	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	262	6	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	262	7	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	262	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	263	1	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
spir-10942	263	2	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	263	3	oppression	oppression	NOUN
spir-10942	263	4	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	263	5	how	how	SCONJ
spir-10942	263	6	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	263	7	engines	engine	NOUN
spir-10942	263	8	reinforce	reinforce	VERB
spir-10942	263	9	racism	racism	NOUN
spir-10942	263	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	264	1	new	new	PROPN
spir-10942	264	2	york	york	PROPN
spir-10942	264	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	264	4	n.y	n.y	PROPN
spir-10942	264	5	.	.	PROPN
spir-10942	264	6	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	265	1	nyu	nyu	PROPN
spir-10942	265	2	press	press	PROPN
spir-10942	265	3	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	266	1	purcell	purcell	PROPN
spir-10942	266	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	266	3	k.	k.	PROPN
spir-10942	266	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	266	5	brenner	brenner	PROPN
spir-10942	266	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	266	7	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-10942	266	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	266	9	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	266	10	rainie	rainie	PROPN
spir-10942	266	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	266	12	l.	l.	PROPN
spir-10942	266	13	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	266	14	2012	2012	NUM
spir-10942	266	15	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	266	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	267	1	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	267	2	engine	engine	NOUN
spir-10942	267	3	use	use	NOUN
spir-10942	267	4	2012	2012	NUM
spir-10942	267	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	268	1	pew	pew	NOUN
spir-10942	268	2	research	research	NOUN
spir-10942	268	3	center	center	NOUN
spir-10942	268	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	269	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
spir-10942	269	2	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	269	3	http://www.pewinternet.org/2012/03/09/search-engine-use-20122/	http://www.pewinternet.org/2012/03/09/search-engine-use-20122/	PROPN
spir-10942	269	4	richards	richard	NOUN
spir-10942	269	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	269	6	l.	l.	PROPN
spir-10942	269	7	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	269	8	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	269	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	269	10	june	june	PROPN
spir-10942	269	11	27	27	NUM
spir-10942	269	12	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	269	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	270	1	video	video	NOUN
spir-10942	270	2	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	270	3	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	270	4	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	270	5	youtube	youtube	NOUN
spir-10942	270	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	270	7	google	google	PROPN
spir-10942	270	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	270	9	the	the	DET
spir-10942	270	10	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
spir-10942	270	11	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	270	12	the	the	DET
spir-10942	270	13	future	future	NOUN
spir-10942	270	14	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	271	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
spir-10942	271	2	february	february	PROPN
spir-10942	271	3	24	24	NUM
spir-10942	271	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	271	5	2019	2019	NUM
spir-10942	271	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	271	7	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	271	8	https://searchenginewatch.com/2018/06/27/video-and-search-youtube-google-thealternatives-and-the-future/	https://searchenginewatch.com/2018/06/27/video-and-search-youtube-google-thealternatives-and-the-future/	PROPN
spir-10942	271	9	rieder	rieder	NOUN
spir-10942	271	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	271	11	b.	b.	PROPN
spir-10942	271	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	271	13	matamoros	matamoros	PROPN
spir-10942	271	14	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	271	15	fernández	fernández	PROPN
spir-10942	271	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	271	17	a.	a.	NOUN
spir-10942	271	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	271	19	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	271	20	coromina	coromina	PROPN
spir-10942	271	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	271	22	ò	ò	X
spir-10942	271	23	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	271	24	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	271	25	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	271	26	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	271	27	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	272	1	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	272	2	ranking	rank	VERB
spir-10942	272	3	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
spir-10942	272	4	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	272	5	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-10942	272	6	ranking	ranking	ADJ
spir-10942	272	7	cultures	culture	NOUN
spir-10942	272	8	’	'	PUNCT
spir-10942	272	9	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	272	10	investigating	investigate	VERB
spir-10942	272	11	the	the	DET
spir-10942	272	12	modulation	modulation	NOUN
spir-10942	272	13	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	272	14	visibility	visibility	NOUN
spir-10942	272	15	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	272	16	youtube	youtube	NOUN
spir-10942	272	17	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	272	18	results	result	NOUN
spir-10942	272	19	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	273	1	convergence	convergence	NOUN
spir-10942	273	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	273	3	24(1	24(1	NUM
spir-10942	273	4	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	273	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	273	6	50–68	50–68	NUM
spir-10942	273	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	273	8	https://doi.org/10.1177/1354856517736982	https://doi.org/10.1177/1354856517736982	PROPN
spir-10942	273	9	shearer	shearer	PROPN
spir-10942	273	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	273	11	e.	e.	PROPN
spir-10942	273	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	273	13	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	273	14	gottfried	gottfried	PROPN
spir-10942	273	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	273	16	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-10942	273	17	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	273	18	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	273	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	273	20	september	september	PROPN
spir-10942	273	21	7	7	NUM
spir-10942	273	22	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	273	23	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	274	1	news	news	NOUN
spir-10942	274	2	use	use	NOUN
spir-10942	274	3	across	across	ADP
spir-10942	274	4	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	274	5	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	274	6	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-10942	274	7	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	274	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	275	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
spir-10942	275	2	march	march	PROPN
spir-10942	275	3	11	11	NUM
spir-10942	275	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	275	5	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	275	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	275	7	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	275	8	http://www.journalism.org/2017/09/07/news-use-across-social-media-platforms-2017/	http://www.journalism.org/2017/09/07/news-use-across-social-media-platforms-2017/	PROPN
spir-10942	275	9	smith	smith	PROPN
spir-10942	275	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	275	11	a.	a.	PROPN
spir-10942	275	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	275	13	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	275	14	anderson	anderson	PROPN
spir-10942	275	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	275	16	m.	m.	NOUN
spir-10942	275	17	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	275	18	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	275	19	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	275	20	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	276	1	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	276	2	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	276	3	use	use	NOUN
spir-10942	276	4	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	276	5	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	276	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	277	1	pew	pew	NOUN
spir-10942	277	2	research	research	NOUN
spir-10942	277	3	center	center	NOUN
spir-10942	277	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	278	1	tripodi	tripodi	PROPN
spir-10942	278	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	278	3	f.	f.	PROPN
spir-10942	278	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	278	5	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	278	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	278	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	279	1	alternative	alternative	ADJ
spir-10942	279	2	facts	fact	NOUN
spir-10942	279	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	279	4	alternative	alternative	ADJ
spir-10942	279	5	news	news	NOUN
spir-10942	279	6	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	279	7	conservatives	conservative	NOUN
spir-10942	279	8	search	search	VERB
spir-10942	279	9	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	279	10	truth	truth	NOUN
spir-10942	279	11	through	through	ADP
spir-10942	279	12	scriptural	scriptural	ADJ
spir-10942	279	13	inference	inference	NOUN
spir-10942	279	14	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	280	1	data	data	PROPN
spir-10942	280	2	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	280	3	society	society	PROPN
spir-10942	280	4	research	research	PROPN
spir-10942	280	5	institute	institute	PROPN
spir-10942	280	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	281	1	tufekci	tufekci	PROPN
spir-10942	281	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	281	3	z.	z.	PROPN
spir-10942	281	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	281	5	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	281	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	281	7	march	march	PROPN
spir-10942	281	8	10	10	NUM
spir-10942	281	9	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	281	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	282	1	youtube	youtube	NOUN
spir-10942	282	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	282	3	the	the	DET
spir-10942	282	4	great	great	ADJ
spir-10942	282	5	radicalizer	radicalizer	NOUN
spir-10942	282	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	283	1	the	the	DET
spir-10942	283	2	new	new	PROPN
spir-10942	283	3	york	york	PROPN
spir-10942	283	4	times	times	PROPN
spir-10942	283	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	284	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
spir-10942	284	2	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	284	3	https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/10/opinion/sunday/youtube-politicsradical.html	https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/10/opinion/sunday/youtube-politicsradical.html	PROPN
spir-10942	284	4	investigating	investigate	VERB
spir-10942	284	5	partisanship	partisanship	NOUN
spir-10942	284	6	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	284	7	u.s	u.s	PROPN
spir-10942	284	8	.	.	PROPN
spir-10942	284	9	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	284	10	web	web	NOUN
spir-10942	284	11	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	284	12	danaë	danaë	PROPN
spir-10942	284	13	metaxa	metaxa	PROPN
spir-10942	284	14	stanford	stanford	PROPN
spir-10942	284	15	university	university	PROPN
spir-10942	284	16	abstract	abstract	ADJ
spir-10942	284	17	concern	concern	NOUN
spir-10942	284	18	about	about	ADP
spir-10942	284	19	algorithmically	algorithmically	ADV
spir-10942	284	20	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	284	21	curated	curate	VERB
spir-10942	284	22	content	content	NOUN
spir-10942	284	23	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	284	24	its	its	PRON
spir-10942	284	25	impact	impact	NOUN
spir-10942	284	26	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	284	27	democracy	democracy	NOUN
spir-10942	284	28	is	be	AUX
spir-10942	284	29	reaching	reach	VERB
spir-10942	284	30	a	a	DET
spir-10942	284	31	fever	fever	NOUN
spir-10942	284	32	pitch	pitch	NOUN
spir-10942	284	33	worldwide	worldwide	ADV
spir-10942	284	34	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	285	1	but	but	CCONJ
spir-10942	285	2	relative	relative	ADJ
spir-10942	285	3	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	285	4	the	the	DET
spir-10942	285	5	role	role	NOUN
spir-10942	285	6	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	285	7	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	285	8	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	285	9	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	285	10	electoral	electoral	ADJ
spir-10942	285	11	processes	process	NOUN
spir-10942	285	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	285	13	the	the	DET
spir-10942	285	14	role	role	NOUN
spir-10942	285	15	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	285	16	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	285	17	results	result	NOUN
spir-10942	285	18	has	have	AUX
spir-10942	285	19	received	receive	VERB
spir-10942	285	20	less	less	ADJ
spir-10942	285	21	attention	attention	NOUN
spir-10942	285	22	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	286	1	this	this	DET
spir-10942	286	2	work	work	NOUN
spir-10942	286	3	analyzes	analyze	VERB
spir-10942	286	4	news	news	NOUN
spir-10942	286	5	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	286	6	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	286	7	web	web	NOUN
spir-10942	286	8	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	286	9	results	result	VERB
spir-10942	286	10	pages	page	NOUN
spir-10942	286	11	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	286	12	the	the	DET
spir-10942	286	13	context	context	NOUN
spir-10942	286	14	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	286	15	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	286	16	partisanship	partisanship	NOUN
spir-10942	286	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	287	1	our	our	PRON
spir-10942	287	2	empirical	empirical	ADJ
spir-10942	287	3	analyses	analysis	NOUN
spir-10942	287	4	use	use	VERB
spir-10942	287	5	urls	url	NOUN
spir-10942	287	6	scraped	scrape	VERB
spir-10942	287	7	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	287	8	google	google	PROPN
spir-10942	287	9	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	287	10	queries	query	NOUN
spir-10942	287	11	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	287	12	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	287	13	candidates	candidate	NOUN
spir-10942	287	14	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	287	15	the	the	DET
spir-10942	287	16	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	287	17	u.s	u.s	PROPN
spir-10942	287	18	.	.	PROPN
spir-10942	287	19	elections	election	NOUN
spir-10942	287	20	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	288	1	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	288	2	use	use	VERB
spir-10942	288	3	these	these	DET
spir-10942	288	4	data	datum	NOUN
spir-10942	288	5	to	to	PART
spir-10942	288	6	empirically	empirically	ADV
spir-10942	288	7	study	study	VERB
spir-10942	288	8	trends	trend	NOUN
spir-10942	288	9	theorized	theorize	VERB
spir-10942	288	10	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	288	11	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	288	12	science	science	NOUN
spir-10942	288	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	288	14	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	288	15	particular	particular	ADJ
spir-10942	288	16	finding	finding	NOUN
spir-10942	288	17	that	that	SCONJ
spir-10942	288	18	candidates	candidate	NOUN
spir-10942	288	19	with	with	ADP
spir-10942	288	20	less	less	ADV
spir-10942	288	21	partisan	partisan	ADJ
spir-10942	288	22	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	288	23	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	288	24	are	be	AUX
spir-10942	288	25	more	more	ADV
spir-10942	288	26	likely	likely	ADJ
spir-10942	288	27	to	to	PART
spir-10942	288	28	win	win	VERB
spir-10942	288	29	elections	election	NOUN
spir-10942	288	30	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	289	1	introduction	introduction	NOUN
spir-10942	289	2	while	while	SCONJ
spir-10942	289	3	algorithmically	algorithmically	ADV
spir-10942	289	4	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	289	5	curated	curate	VERB
spir-10942	289	6	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	289	7	content	content	NOUN
spir-10942	289	8	has	have	VERB
spir-10942	289	9	much	much	ADJ
spir-10942	289	10	to	to	PART
spir-10942	289	11	offer	offer	VERB
spir-10942	289	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	289	13	public	public	ADJ
spir-10942	289	14	concern	concern	NOUN
spir-10942	289	15	is	be	AUX
spir-10942	289	16	mounting	mount	VERB
spir-10942	289	17	about	about	ADP
spir-10942	289	18	possible	possible	ADJ
spir-10942	289	19	negative	negative	ADJ
spir-10942	289	20	impacts	impact	NOUN
spir-10942	289	21	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	289	22	individuals	individual	NOUN
spir-10942	289	23	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	289	24	our	our	PRON
spir-10942	289	25	society	society	NOUN
spir-10942	289	26	as	as	ADP
spir-10942	289	27	a	a	DET
spir-10942	289	28	whole	whole	NOUN
spir-10942	289	29	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	290	1	most	most	ADJ
spir-10942	290	2	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	290	3	the	the	DET
spir-10942	290	4	focus	focus	NOUN
spir-10942	290	5	thus	thus	ADV
spir-10942	290	6	far	far	ADV
spir-10942	290	7	has	have	AUX
spir-10942	290	8	been	be	AUX
spir-10942	290	9	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	290	10	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	290	11	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	290	12	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	290	13	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	290	14	comparison	comparison	NOUN
spir-10942	290	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	290	16	web	web	NOUN
spir-10942	290	17	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	290	18	has	have	AUX
spir-10942	290	19	received	receive	VERB
spir-10942	290	20	less	less	ADJ
spir-10942	290	21	attention	attention	NOUN
spir-10942	290	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	290	23	though	though	SCONJ
spir-10942	290	24	recent	recent	ADJ
spir-10942	290	25	studies	study	NOUN
spir-10942	290	26	have	have	AUX
spir-10942	290	27	found	find	VERB
spir-10942	290	28	web	web	NOUN
spir-10942	290	29	users	user	NOUN
spir-10942	290	30	are	be	AUX
spir-10942	290	31	more	more	ADV
spir-10942	290	32	likely	likely	ADJ
spir-10942	290	33	to	to	PART
spir-10942	290	34	find	find	VERB
spir-10942	290	35	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	290	36	trust	trust	VERB
spir-10942	290	37	news	news	NOUN
spir-10942	290	38	through	through	ADP
spir-10942	290	39	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	290	40	than	than	ADP
spir-10942	290	41	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	290	42	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	290	43	sites	site	NOUN
spir-10942	290	44	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	290	45	newman	newman	PROPN
spir-10942	290	46	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	290	47	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	290	48	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	291	1	web	web	NOUN
spir-10942	291	2	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	291	3	is	be	AUX
spir-10942	291	4	especially	especially	ADV
spir-10942	291	5	critical	critical	ADJ
spir-10942	291	6	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	291	7	the	the	DET
spir-10942	291	8	context	context	NOUN
spir-10942	291	9	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	291	10	politics	politic	NOUN
spir-10942	291	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	291	12	where	where	SCONJ
spir-10942	291	13	research	research	NOUN
spir-10942	291	14	has	have	AUX
spir-10942	291	15	shown	show	VERB
spir-10942	291	16	it	it	PRON
spir-10942	291	17	to	to	PART
spir-10942	291	18	be	be	AUX
spir-10942	291	19	among	among	ADP
spir-10942	291	20	the	the	DET
spir-10942	291	21	most	most	ADV
spir-10942	291	22	commonly	commonly	ADV
spir-10942	291	23	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	291	24	used	use	VERB
spir-10942	291	25	technologies	technology	NOUN
spir-10942	291	26	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	291	27	finding	find	VERB
spir-10942	291	28	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	291	29	information	information	NOUN
spir-10942	291	30	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	291	31	dutton	dutton	PROPN
spir-10942	291	32	et	et	PROPN
spir-10942	291	33	al	al	PROPN
spir-10942	291	34	.	.	PROPN
spir-10942	291	35	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	291	36	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	291	37	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	292	1	prior	prior	ADJ
spir-10942	292	2	work	work	NOUN
spir-10942	292	3	has	have	AUX
spir-10942	292	4	identified	identify	VERB
spir-10942	292	5	that	that	SCONJ
spir-10942	292	6	differences	difference	NOUN
spir-10942	292	7	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	292	8	the	the	DET
spir-10942	292	9	way	way	NOUN
spir-10942	292	10	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	292	11	results	result	NOUN
spir-10942	292	12	are	be	AUX
spir-10942	292	13	presented	present	VERB
spir-10942	292	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	292	15	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	292	16	particular	particular	ADJ
spir-10942	292	17	their	their	PRON
spir-10942	292	18	ordering	ordering	NOUN
spir-10942	292	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	292	20	has	have	VERB
spir-10942	292	21	substantial	substantial	ADJ
spir-10942	292	22	effects	effect	NOUN
spir-10942	292	23	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	292	24	user	user	NOUN
spir-10942	292	25	perceptions	perception	NOUN
spir-10942	292	26	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	292	27	content	content	NOUN
spir-10942	292	28	credibility	credibility	NOUN
spir-10942	292	29	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	292	30	quality	quality	NOUN
spir-10942	292	31	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	292	32	pan	pan	NOUN
spir-10942	292	33	et	et	PROPN
spir-10942	292	34	al	al	PROPN
spir-10942	292	35	.	.	PROPN
spir-10942	292	36	2007	2007	NUM
spir-10942	292	37	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	292	38	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	293	1	these	these	DET
spir-10942	293	2	effects	effect	NOUN
spir-10942	293	3	may	may	AUX
spir-10942	293	4	influence	influence	VERB
spir-10942	293	5	users	user	NOUN
spir-10942	293	6	'	'	PART
spir-10942	293	7	information	information	NOUN
spir-10942	293	8	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	293	9	gathering	gathering	NOUN
spir-10942	293	10	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	293	11	opinion	opinion	NOUN
spir-10942	293	12	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	293	13	formation	formation	NOUN
spir-10942	293	14	process	process	NOUN
spir-10942	293	15	substantially	substantially	ADV
spir-10942	293	16	enough	enough	ADV
spir-10942	293	17	to	to	PART
spir-10942	293	18	impact	impact	VERB
spir-10942	293	19	the	the	DET
spir-10942	293	20	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
spir-10942	293	21	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	293	22	close	close	ADJ
spir-10942	293	23	elections	election	NOUN
spir-10942	293	24	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	293	25	epstein	epstein	NOUN
spir-10942	293	26	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	293	27	robertson	robertson	PROPN
spir-10942	293	28	2015	2015	NUM
spir-10942	293	29	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	293	30	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	294	1	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	294	2	present	present	VERB
spir-10942	294	3	an	an	DET
spir-10942	294	4	empirical	empirical	ADJ
spir-10942	294	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-10942	294	6	connecting	connect	VERB
spir-10942	294	7	election	election	NOUN
spir-10942	294	8	candidate	candidate	NOUN
spir-10942	294	9	google	google	NOUN
spir-10942	294	10	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	294	11	results	result	NOUN
spir-10942	294	12	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	294	13	election	election	NOUN
spir-10942	294	14	outcome	outcome	NOUN
spir-10942	294	15	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	295	1	using	use	VERB
spir-10942	295	2	our	our	PRON
spir-10942	295	3	data	datum	NOUN
spir-10942	295	4	—	—	PUNCT
spir-10942	295	5	over	over	ADP
spir-10942	295	6	5	5	NUM
spir-10942	295	7	million	million	NUM
spir-10942	295	8	urls	url	NOUN
spir-10942	295	9	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	295	10	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	295	11	results	result	NOUN
spir-10942	295	12	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	295	13	nearly	nearly	ADV
spir-10942	295	14	4,000	4,000	NUM
spir-10942	295	15	candidates	candidate	NOUN
spir-10942	295	16	—	—	PUNCT
spir-10942	295	17	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	295	18	find	find	VERB
spir-10942	295	19	that	that	SCONJ
spir-10942	295	20	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	295	21	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	295	22	reflect	reflect	VERB
spir-10942	295	23	trends	trend	NOUN
spir-10942	295	24	theorized	theorize	VERB
spir-10942	295	25	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	295	26	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	295	27	science	science	NOUN
spir-10942	295	28	around	around	ADP
spir-10942	295	29	incumbency	incumbency	NOUN
spir-10942	295	30	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	295	31	election	election	NOUN
spir-10942	295	32	success	success	NOUN
spir-10942	295	33	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	296	1	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	296	2	particular	particular	ADJ
spir-10942	296	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	296	4	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	296	5	find	find	VERB
spir-10942	296	6	that	that	SCONJ
spir-10942	296	7	candidates	candidate	NOUN
spir-10942	296	8	who	who	PRON
spir-10942	296	9	won	win	VERB
spir-10942	296	10	general	general	ADJ
spir-10942	296	11	elections	election	NOUN
spir-10942	296	12	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	296	13	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	296	14	had	have	VERB
spir-10942	296	15	less	less	ADJ
spir-10942	296	16	partisan	partisan	ADJ
spir-10942	296	17	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	296	18	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	296	19	than	than	ADP
spir-10942	296	20	those	those	PRON
spir-10942	296	21	who	who	PRON
spir-10942	296	22	lost	lose	VERB
spir-10942	296	23	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	297	1	method	method	PROPN
spir-10942	297	2	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	297	3	data	datum	NOUN
spir-10942	297	4	leading	lead	VERB
spir-10942	297	5	up	up	ADP
spir-10942	297	6	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	297	7	the	the	DET
spir-10942	297	8	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	297	9	midterm	midterm	NOUN
spir-10942	297	10	elections	election	NOUN
spir-10942	298	1	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	298	2	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	298	3	scraped	scrape	VERB
spir-10942	298	4	the	the	DET
spir-10942	298	5	results	result	NOUN
spir-10942	298	6	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	298	7	google	google	PROPN
spir-10942	298	8	searches	search	NOUN
spir-10942	298	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	298	10	using	use	VERB
spir-10942	298	11	as	as	ADP
spir-10942	298	12	keywords	keyword	NOUN
spir-10942	298	13	the	the	DET
spir-10942	298	14	names	name	NOUN
spir-10942	298	15	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	298	16	legislative	legislative	ADJ
spir-10942	298	17	candidates	candidate	NOUN
spir-10942	298	18	running	run	VERB
spir-10942	298	19	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	298	20	office	office	NOUN
spir-10942	298	21	at	at	ADP
spir-10942	298	22	the	the	DET
spir-10942	298	23	federal	federal	ADJ
spir-10942	298	24	level	level	NOUN
spir-10942	298	25	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	298	26	house	house	NOUN
spir-10942	298	27	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	298	28	senate	senate	PROPN
spir-10942	298	29	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	298	30	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	299	1	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	299	2	focus	focus	VERB
spir-10942	299	3	our	our	PRON
spir-10942	299	4	study	study	NOUN
spir-10942	299	5	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	299	6	google	google	PROPN
spir-10942	299	7	as	as	SCONJ
spir-10942	299	8	it	it	PRON
spir-10942	299	9	almost	almost	ADV
spir-10942	299	10	completely	completely	ADV
spir-10942	299	11	dominates	dominate	VERB
spir-10942	299	12	the	the	DET
spir-10942	299	13	u.s	u.s	PROPN
spir-10942	299	14	.	.	PROPN
spir-10942	299	15	web	web	NOUN
spir-10942	299	16	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	299	17	market	market	NOUN
spir-10942	299	18	with	with	ADP
spir-10942	299	19	a	a	DET
spir-10942	299	20	market	market	NOUN
spir-10942	299	21	share	share	NOUN
spir-10942	299	22	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	299	23	over	over	ADP
spir-10942	299	24	90	90	NUM
spir-10942	299	25	%	%	NOUN
spir-10942	299	26	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	300	1	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	300	2	analyze	analyze	VERB
spir-10942	300	3	these	these	DET
spir-10942	300	4	data	datum	NOUN
spir-10942	300	5	by	by	ADP
spir-10942	300	6	looking	look	VERB
spir-10942	300	7	at	at	ADP
spir-10942	300	8	the	the	DET
spir-10942	300	9	degree	degree	NOUN
spir-10942	300	10	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	300	11	partisan	partisan	ADJ
spir-10942	300	12	bias	bias	NOUN
spir-10942	300	13	associated	associate	VERB
spir-10942	300	14	with	with	ADP
spir-10942	300	15	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	300	16	results	result	NOUN
spir-10942	300	17	'	'	PART
spir-10942	300	18	sources	source	NOUN
spir-10942	300	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	300	20	according	accord	VERB
spir-10942	300	21	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	300	22	partisan	partisan	ADJ
spir-10942	300	23	attention	attention	NOUN
spir-10942	300	24	scores	score	NOUN
spir-10942	300	25	compiled	compile	VERB
spir-10942	300	26	by	by	ADP
spir-10942	300	27	a	a	DET
spir-10942	300	28	team	team	NOUN
spir-10942	300	29	at	at	ADP
spir-10942	300	30	harvard	harvard	PROPN
spir-10942	300	31	's	's	PART
spir-10942	300	32	berkman	berkman	PROPN
spir-10942	300	33	klein	klein	PROPN
spir-10942	300	34	center	center	PROPN
spir-10942	300	35	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	300	36	faris	faris	PROPN
spir-10942	300	37	et	et	PROPN
spir-10942	300	38	al	al	PROPN
spir-10942	300	39	.	.	PROPN
spir-10942	300	40	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	300	41	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	300	42	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	301	1	this	this	DET
spir-10942	301	2	dataset	dataset	NOUN
spir-10942	301	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	301	4	which	which	PRON
spir-10942	301	5	covers	cover	VERB
spir-10942	301	6	may	may	AUX
spir-10942	301	7	29	29	NUM
spir-10942	301	8	through	through	ADP
spir-10942	301	9	the	the	DET
spir-10942	301	10	election	election	NOUN
spir-10942	301	11	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	301	12	november	november	PROPN
spir-10942	301	13	6	6	NUM
spir-10942	301	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	301	15	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	301	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	301	17	collects	collect	VERB
spir-10942	301	18	data	datum	NOUN
spir-10942	301	19	using	use	VERB
spir-10942	301	20	queries	query	NOUN
spir-10942	301	21	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	301	22	each	each	DET
spir-10942	301	23	candidate	candidate	NOUN
spir-10942	301	24	's	's	PART
spir-10942	301	25	name	name	NOUN
spir-10942	301	26	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	301	27	state	state	NOUN
spir-10942	301	28	abbreviation	abbreviation	NOUN
spir-10942	301	29	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	301	30	i.e.	i.e.	X
spir-10942	301	31	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	301	32	“	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	301	33	dianne	dianne	PROPN
spir-10942	301	34	feinstein	feinstein	PROPN
spir-10942	301	35	ca	can	AUX
spir-10942	301	36	”	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	301	37	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	301	38	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	302	1	scraping	scrape	VERB
spir-10942	302	2	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	302	3	used	use	VERB
spir-10942	302	4	five	five	NUM
spir-10942	302	5	scrapers	scraper	NOUN
spir-10942	302	6	to	to	PART
spir-10942	302	7	collect	collect	VERB
spir-10942	302	8	this	this	DET
spir-10942	302	9	data	datum	NOUN
spir-10942	302	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	302	11	each	each	PRON
spir-10942	302	12	with	with	ADP
spir-10942	302	13	its	its	PRON
spir-10942	302	14	own	own	ADJ
spir-10942	302	15	ip	ip	ADJ
spir-10942	302	16	address	address	NOUN
spir-10942	302	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	303	1	each	each	PRON
spir-10942	303	2	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	303	3	the	the	DET
spir-10942	303	4	five	five	NUM
spir-10942	303	5	scrapers	scraper	NOUN
spir-10942	303	6	collects	collect	VERB
spir-10942	303	7	the	the	DET
spir-10942	303	8	first	first	ADJ
spir-10942	303	9	page	page	NOUN
spir-10942	303	10	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	303	11	google	google	PROPN
spir-10942	303	12	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	303	13	results	result	NOUN
spir-10942	303	14	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	303	15	a	a	DET
spir-10942	303	16	fifth	fifth	ADJ
spir-10942	303	17	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	303	18	the	the	DET
spir-10942	303	19	3,383	3,383	NUM
spir-10942	303	20	candidates	candidate	NOUN
spir-10942	303	21	daily	daily	ADV
spir-10942	303	22	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	304	1	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	304	2	add	add	VERB
spir-10942	304	3	a	a	DET
spir-10942	304	4	depersonalization	depersonalization	NOUN
spir-10942	304	5	parameter	parameter	NOUN
spir-10942	304	6	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	304	7	“	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	304	8	pws=0	pws=0	PROPN
spir-10942	304	9	”	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	304	10	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	304	11	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	304	12	the	the	DET
spir-10942	304	13	end	end	NOUN
spir-10942	304	14	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	304	15	each	each	DET
spir-10942	304	16	query	query	NOUN
spir-10942	304	17	url	url	NOUN
spir-10942	304	18	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	304	19	order	order	NOUN
spir-10942	304	20	to	to	PART
spir-10942	304	21	avoid	avoid	VERB
spir-10942	304	22	any	any	DET
spir-10942	304	23	history	history	NOUN
spir-10942	304	24	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	304	25	based	base	VERB
spir-10942	304	26	or	or	CCONJ
spir-10942	304	27	other	other	ADJ
spir-10942	304	28	personalization	personalization	NOUN
spir-10942	304	29	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	305	1	recent	recent	ADJ
spir-10942	305	2	work	work	NOUN
spir-10942	305	3	investigating	investigate	VERB
spir-10942	305	4	personalization	personalization	NOUN
spir-10942	305	5	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	305	6	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	305	7	web	web	NOUN
spir-10942	305	8	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	305	9	has	have	AUX
spir-10942	305	10	also	also	ADV
spir-10942	305	11	found	find	VERB
spir-10942	305	12	that	that	SCONJ
spir-10942	305	13	personalization	personalization	NOUN
spir-10942	305	14	has	have	VERB
spir-10942	305	15	“	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	305	16	little	little	ADJ
spir-10942	305	17	impact	impact	NOUN
spir-10942	305	18	”	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	305	19	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	305	20	such	such	ADJ
spir-10942	305	21	queries	query	NOUN
spir-10942	305	22	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	305	23	robertson	robertson	PROPN
spir-10942	305	24	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	305	25	lazer	lazer	NOUN
spir-10942	305	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	305	27	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	305	28	wilson	wilson	PROPN
spir-10942	305	29	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	305	30	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	305	31	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	306	1	partisanship	partisanship	NOUN
spir-10942	306	2	scores	score	NOUN
spir-10942	306	3	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	306	4	use	use	VERB
spir-10942	306	5	the	the	DET
spir-10942	306	6	partisan	partisan	ADJ
spir-10942	306	7	attention	attention	NOUN
spir-10942	306	8	scores	score	NOUN
spir-10942	306	9	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	306	10	5,798	5,798	NUM
spir-10942	306	11	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	306	12	sources	source	NOUN
spir-10942	306	13	compiled	compile	VERB
spir-10942	306	14	by	by	ADP
spir-10942	306	15	the	the	DET
spir-10942	306	16	berkman	berkman	PROPN
spir-10942	306	17	klein	klein	PROPN
spir-10942	306	18	study	study	PROPN
spir-10942	306	19	as	as	ADP
spir-10942	306	20	part	part	NOUN
spir-10942	306	21	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	306	22	their	their	PRON
spir-10942	306	23	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	306	24	report	report	NOUN
spir-10942	306	25	to	to	PART
spir-10942	306	26	annotate	annotate	VERB
spir-10942	306	27	our	our	PRON
spir-10942	306	28	datasets	dataset	NOUN
spir-10942	306	29	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	306	30	the	the	DET
spir-10942	306	31	degree	degree	NOUN
spir-10942	306	32	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	306	33	partisan	partisan	ADJ
spir-10942	306	34	bias	bias	NOUN
spir-10942	306	35	they	they	PRON
spir-10942	306	36	display	display	VERB
spir-10942	306	37	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	307	1	these	these	DET
spir-10942	307	2	scores	score	NOUN
spir-10942	307	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	307	4	which	which	PRON
spir-10942	307	5	are	be	AUX
spir-10942	307	6	expressed	express	VERB
spir-10942	307	7	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	307	8	a	a	DET
spir-10942	307	9	-1.0	-1.0	PROPN
spir-10942	307	10	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	307	11	1.0	1.0	NUM
spir-10942	307	12	scale	scale	NOUN
spir-10942	307	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	307	14	with	with	ADP
spir-10942	307	15	-1.0	-1.0	PROPN
spir-10942	307	16	representing	represent	VERB
spir-10942	307	17	extremely	extremely	ADV
spir-10942	307	18	left	left	ADJ
spir-10942	307	19	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	307	20	leaning	lean	VERB
spir-10942	307	21	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	307	22	1.0	1.0	NUM
spir-10942	307	23	extremely	extremely	ADV
spir-10942	307	24	right	right	ADV
spir-10942	307	25	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	307	26	leaning	lean	VERB
spir-10942	307	27	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	307	28	are	be	AUX
spir-10942	307	29	generated	generate	VERB
spir-10942	307	30	based	base	VERB
spir-10942	307	31	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	307	32	the	the	DET
spir-10942	307	33	frequency	frequency	NOUN
spir-10942	307	34	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	307	35	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	307	36	source	source	NOUN
spir-10942	307	37	sharing	share	VERB
spir-10942	307	38	among	among	ADP
spir-10942	307	39	over	over	ADP
spir-10942	307	40	30,000	30,000	NUM
spir-10942	307	41	users	user	NOUN
spir-10942	307	42	who	who	PRON
spir-10942	307	43	retweeted	retweete	VERB
spir-10942	307	44	either	either	PRON
spir-10942	307	45	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	307	46	the	the	DET
spir-10942	307	47	two	two	NUM
spir-10942	307	48	general	general	ADJ
spir-10942	307	49	election	election	NOUN
spir-10942	307	50	candidates	candidate	NOUN
spir-10942	307	51	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	307	52	@donaldjtrump	@donaldjtrump	PROPN
spir-10942	307	53	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	307	54	@hillaryclinton	@hillaryclinton	PROPN
spir-10942	307	55	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	307	56	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	307	57	but	but	CCONJ
spir-10942	307	58	very	very	ADV
spir-10942	307	59	rarely	rarely	ADV
spir-10942	307	60	retweeted	retweete	VERB
spir-10942	307	61	both	both	PRON
spir-10942	307	62	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	308	1	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	308	2	compute	compute	VERB
spir-10942	308	3	the	the	DET
spir-10942	308	4	partisan	partisan	ADJ
spir-10942	308	5	intensity	intensity	NOUN
spir-10942	308	6	score	score	NOUN
spir-10942	308	7	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	308	8	a	a	DET
spir-10942	308	9	page	page	NOUN
spir-10942	308	10	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	308	11	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	308	12	results	result	NOUN
spir-10942	308	13	by	by	ADP
spir-10942	308	14	first	first	ADV
spir-10942	308	15	taking	take	VERB
spir-10942	308	16	the	the	DET
spir-10942	308	17	absolute	absolute	ADJ
spir-10942	308	18	value	value	NOUN
spir-10942	308	19	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	308	20	the	the	DET
spir-10942	308	21	partisan	partisan	ADJ
spir-10942	308	22	attention	attention	NOUN
spir-10942	308	23	score	score	NOUN
spir-10942	308	24	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	308	25	each	each	DET
spir-10942	308	26	source	source	NOUN
spir-10942	308	27	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	308	28	the	the	DET
spir-10942	308	29	page	page	NOUN
spir-10942	308	30	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	308	31	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	308	32	then	then	ADV
spir-10942	308	33	averaging	average	VERB
spir-10942	308	34	all	all	DET
spir-10942	308	35	scores	score	NOUN
spir-10942	308	36	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	308	37	each	each	DET
spir-10942	308	38	page	page	NOUN
spir-10942	308	39	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	308	40	results	result	NOUN
spir-10942	308	41	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	309	1	results	result	NOUN
spir-10942	309	2	incumbency	incumbency	NOUN
spir-10942	309	3	status	status	NOUN
spir-10942	309	4	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	309	5	science	science	NOUN
spir-10942	309	6	literature	literature	NOUN
spir-10942	309	7	predicts	predict	VERB
spir-10942	309	8	that	that	SCONJ
spir-10942	309	9	incumbents	incumbent	NOUN
spir-10942	309	10	should	should	AUX
spir-10942	309	11	be	be	AUX
spir-10942	309	12	more	more	ADV
spir-10942	309	13	moderate	moderate	ADJ
spir-10942	309	14	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	309	15	more	more	ADJ
spir-10942	309	16	centrist	centrist	NOUN
spir-10942	309	17	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	309	18	their	their	PRON
spir-10942	309	19	positions	position	NOUN
spir-10942	309	20	than	than	ADP
spir-10942	309	21	challengers	challenger	NOUN
spir-10942	309	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	309	23	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	309	24	whose	whose	DET
spir-10942	309	25	best	good	ADJ
spir-10942	309	26	interest	interest	NOUN
spir-10942	309	27	it	it	PRON
spir-10942	309	28	is	be	AUX
spir-10942	309	29	to	to	PART
spir-10942	309	30	be	be	AUX
spir-10942	309	31	more	more	ADV
spir-10942	309	32	extreme	extreme	ADJ
spir-10942	309	33	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	309	34	order	order	NOUN
spir-10942	309	35	to	to	PART
spir-10942	309	36	appeal	appeal	VERB
spir-10942	309	37	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	309	38	the	the	DET
spir-10942	309	39	fringe	fringe	NOUN
spir-10942	309	40	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	309	41	the	the	DET
spir-10942	309	42	party	party	NOUN
spir-10942	309	43	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	309	44	groseclose	groseclose	NOUN
spir-10942	309	45	2001	2001	NUM
spir-10942	309	46	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	309	47	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	310	1	extending	extend	VERB
spir-10942	310	2	this	this	DET
spir-10942	310	3	theory	theory	NOUN
spir-10942	310	4	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	310	5	the	the	DET
spir-10942	310	6	domain	domain	NOUN
spir-10942	310	7	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	310	8	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	310	9	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	310	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	310	11	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	310	12	might	might	AUX
spir-10942	310	13	expect	expect	VERB
spir-10942	310	14	that	that	SCONJ
spir-10942	310	15	incumbents	incumbent	NOUN
spir-10942	310	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	310	17	who	who	PRON
spir-10942	310	18	are	be	AUX
spir-10942	310	19	generally	generally	ADV
spir-10942	310	20	more	more	ADJ
spir-10942	310	21	centrist	centrist	NOUN
spir-10942	310	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	310	23	should	should	AUX
spir-10942	310	24	receive	receive	VERB
spir-10942	310	25	more	more	ADJ
spir-10942	310	26	mainstream	mainstream	ADJ
spir-10942	310	27	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	310	28	attention	attention	NOUN
spir-10942	310	29	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	310	30	relative	relative	ADJ
spir-10942	310	31	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	310	32	challengers	challenger	NOUN
spir-10942	310	33	whose	whose	DET
spir-10942	310	34	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
spir-10942	310	35	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	310	36	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
spir-10942	310	37	coverage	coverage	NOUN
spir-10942	310	38	by	by	ADP
spir-10942	310	39	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	310	40	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	310	41	should	should	AUX
spir-10942	310	42	exhibit	exhibit	VERB
spir-10942	310	43	higher	high	ADJ
spir-10942	310	44	levels	level	NOUN
spir-10942	310	45	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	310	46	partisanship	partisanship	NOUN
spir-10942	310	47	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	311	1	such	such	ADJ
spir-10942	311	2	theory	theory	NOUN
spir-10942	311	3	does	do	AUX
spir-10942	311	4	not	not	PART
spir-10942	311	5	predict	predict	VERB
spir-10942	311	6	what	what	PRON
spir-10942	311	7	patterns	pattern	NOUN
spir-10942	311	8	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	311	9	open	open	ADJ
spir-10942	311	10	seat	seat	NOUN
spir-10942	311	11	candidate	candidate	NOUN
spir-10942	311	12	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	311	13	those	those	DET
spir-10942	311	14	elections	election	NOUN
spir-10942	311	15	without	without	ADP
spir-10942	311	16	an	an	DET
spir-10942	311	17	incumbent	incumbent	NOUN
spir-10942	311	18	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	311	19	might	might	AUX
spir-10942	311	20	reflect	reflect	VERB
spir-10942	311	21	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	312	1	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	312	2	find	find	VERB
spir-10942	312	3	that	that	SCONJ
spir-10942	312	4	incumbents	incumbent	NOUN
spir-10942	312	5	’	'	PUNCT
spir-10942	312	6	web	web	NOUN
spir-10942	312	7	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	312	8	display	display	NOUN
spir-10942	312	9	lower	low	ADJ
spir-10942	312	10	levels	level	NOUN
spir-10942	312	11	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	312	12	partisanship	partisanship	NOUN
spir-10942	312	13	than	than	ADP
spir-10942	312	14	challengers	challenger	NOUN
spir-10942	312	15	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	313	1	interestingly	interestingly	ADV
spir-10942	313	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	313	3	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	313	4	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	313	5	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	313	6	open	open	ADJ
spir-10942	313	7	seat	seat	NOUN
spir-10942	313	8	candidates	candidate	NOUN
spir-10942	313	9	tracks	track	VERB
spir-10942	313	10	with	with	ADP
spir-10942	313	11	challengers	challenger	NOUN
spir-10942	313	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	313	13	suggesting	suggest	VERB
spir-10942	313	14	that	that	SCONJ
spir-10942	313	15	candidates	candidate	NOUN
spir-10942	313	16	running	run	VERB
spir-10942	313	17	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	313	18	open	open	ADJ
spir-10942	313	19	seats	seat	NOUN
spir-10942	313	20	all	all	PRON
spir-10942	313	21	find	find	VERB
spir-10942	313	22	themselves	themselves	PRON
spir-10942	313	23	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	313	24	an	an	DET
spir-10942	313	25	uphill	uphill	ADJ
spir-10942	313	26	battle	battle	NOUN
spir-10942	313	27	akin	akin	ADJ
spir-10942	313	28	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	313	29	running	run	VERB
spir-10942	313	30	against	against	ADP
spir-10942	313	31	an	an	DET
spir-10942	313	32	incumbent	incumbent	NOUN
spir-10942	313	33	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	314	1	figure	figure	NOUN
spir-10942	314	2	1	1	NUM
spir-10942	314	3	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	314	4	incumbents	incumbent	NOUN
spir-10942	314	5	'	'	PART
spir-10942	314	6	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	314	7	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	314	8	are	be	AUX
spir-10942	314	9	significantly	significantly	ADV
spir-10942	314	10	less	less	ADV
spir-10942	314	11	partisan	partisan	ADJ
spir-10942	314	12	relative	relative	NOUN
spir-10942	314	13	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	314	14	challengers	challenger	NOUN
spir-10942	314	15	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	314	16	those	those	PRON
spir-10942	314	17	running	run	VERB
spir-10942	314	18	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	314	19	open	open	ADJ
spir-10942	314	20	seats	seat	NOUN
spir-10942	314	21	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	315	1	election	election	NOUN
spir-10942	315	2	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
spir-10942	315	3	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	315	4	science	science	NOUN
spir-10942	315	5	theory	theory	NOUN
spir-10942	315	6	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	315	7	suggests	suggest	VERB
spir-10942	315	8	more	more	ADV
spir-10942	315	9	moderate	moderate	ADJ
spir-10942	315	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	315	11	centrist	centrist	ADJ
spir-10942	315	12	positions	position	NOUN
spir-10942	315	13	lead	lead	VERB
spir-10942	315	14	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	315	15	election	election	NOUN
spir-10942	315	16	victories	victory	NOUN
spir-10942	315	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	315	18	due	due	ADP
spir-10942	315	19	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	315	20	the	the	DET
spir-10942	315	21	importance	importance	NOUN
spir-10942	315	22	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	315	23	garnering	garner	VERB
spir-10942	315	24	a	a	DET
spir-10942	315	25	broad	broad	ADJ
spir-10942	315	26	voting	voting	NOUN
spir-10942	315	27	coalition	coalition	NOUN
spir-10942	315	28	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	315	29	groseclose	groseclose	NOUN
spir-10942	315	30	2001	2001	NUM
spir-10942	315	31	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	315	32	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	316	1	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	316	2	see	see	VERB
spir-10942	316	3	the	the	DET
spir-10942	316	4	same	same	ADJ
spir-10942	316	5	trend	trend	NOUN
spir-10942	316	6	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	316	7	our	our	PRON
spir-10942	316	8	data	datum	NOUN
spir-10942	316	9	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	316	10	those	those	DET
spir-10942	316	11	candidates	candidate	NOUN
spir-10942	316	12	with	with	ADP
spir-10942	316	13	lower	low	ADJ
spir-10942	316	14	levels	level	NOUN
spir-10942	316	15	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	316	16	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	316	17	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	316	18	partisan	partisan	ADJ
spir-10942	316	19	intensity	intensity	NOUN
spir-10942	316	20	are	be	AUX
spir-10942	316	21	more	more	ADV
spir-10942	316	22	competitive	competitive	ADJ
spir-10942	316	23	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	317	1	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	317	2	fact	fact	NOUN
spir-10942	317	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	317	4	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	317	5	are	be	AUX
spir-10942	317	6	able	able	ADJ
spir-10942	317	7	to	to	PART
spir-10942	317	8	use	use	VERB
spir-10942	317	9	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	317	10	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	317	11	partisanship	partisanship	NOUN
spir-10942	317	12	over	over	ADP
spir-10942	317	13	time	time	NOUN
spir-10942	317	14	to	to	PART
spir-10942	317	15	predict	predict	VERB
spir-10942	317	16	election	election	NOUN
spir-10942	317	17	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
spir-10942	317	18	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	318	1	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	318	2	average	average	ADJ
spir-10942	318	3	candidates	candidate	NOUN
spir-10942	318	4	'	'	PART
spir-10942	318	5	partisan	partisan	ADJ
spir-10942	318	6	intensity	intensity	NOUN
spir-10942	318	7	scores	score	NOUN
spir-10942	318	8	over	over	ADP
spir-10942	318	9	the	the	DET
spir-10942	318	10	three	three	NUM
spir-10942	318	11	months	month	NOUN
spir-10942	318	12	prior	prior	ADV
spir-10942	318	13	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	318	14	the	the	DET
spir-10942	318	15	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	318	16	general	general	ADJ
spir-10942	318	17	elections	election	NOUN
spir-10942	318	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	318	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	318	20	predict	predict	VERB
spir-10942	318	21	that	that	SCONJ
spir-10942	318	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	318	23	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	318	24	each	each	DET
spir-10942	318	25	race	race	NOUN
spir-10942	318	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	318	27	the	the	DET
spir-10942	318	28	candidate	candidate	NOUN
spir-10942	318	29	with	with	ADP
spir-10942	318	30	less	less	ADV
spir-10942	318	31	partisan	partisan	ADJ
spir-10942	318	32	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	318	33	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	318	34	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	318	35	that	that	DET
spir-10942	318	36	time	time	NOUN
spir-10942	318	37	range	range	NOUN
spir-10942	318	38	will	will	AUX
spir-10942	318	39	win	win	VERB
spir-10942	318	40	the	the	DET
spir-10942	318	41	election	election	NOUN
spir-10942	318	42	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	319	1	using	use	VERB
spir-10942	319	2	this	this	DET
spir-10942	319	3	very	very	ADV
spir-10942	319	4	simple	simple	ADJ
spir-10942	319	5	heuristic	heuristic	NOUN
spir-10942	319	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	319	7	our	our	PRON
spir-10942	319	8	predictions	prediction	NOUN
spir-10942	319	9	are	be	AUX
spir-10942	319	10	68.4	68.4	NUM
spir-10942	319	11	%	%	NOUN
spir-10942	319	12	accurate	accurate	ADJ
spir-10942	319	13	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	319	14	compared	compare	VERB
spir-10942	319	15	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	319	16	less	less	ADJ
spir-10942	319	17	than	than	ADP
spir-10942	319	18	50	50	NUM
spir-10942	319	19	%	%	NOUN
spir-10942	319	20	if	if	SCONJ
spir-10942	319	21	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	319	22	were	be	AUX
spir-10942	319	23	guessing	guess	VERB
spir-10942	319	24	at	at	ADP
spir-10942	319	25	chance	chance	NOUN
spir-10942	319	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	319	27	since	since	SCONJ
spir-10942	319	28	general	general	ADJ
spir-10942	319	29	elections	election	NOUN
spir-10942	319	30	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	319	31	the	the	DET
spir-10942	319	32	u.s	u.s	PROPN
spir-10942	319	33	.	.	PROPN
spir-10942	319	34	two	two	NUM
spir-10942	319	35	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	319	36	party	party	NOUN
spir-10942	319	37	dominant	dominant	ADJ
spir-10942	319	38	system	system	NOUN
spir-10942	319	39	have	have	VERB
spir-10942	319	40	at	at	ADV
spir-10942	319	41	least	least	ADV
spir-10942	319	42	two	two	NUM
spir-10942	319	43	major	major	ADJ
spir-10942	319	44	candidates	candidate	NOUN
spir-10942	319	45	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	319	46	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	320	1	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
spir-10942	320	2	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	320	3	our	our	PRON
spir-10942	320	4	findings	finding	NOUN
spir-10942	320	5	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	320	6	see	see	VERB
spir-10942	320	7	evidence	evidence	NOUN
spir-10942	320	8	that	that	SCONJ
spir-10942	320	9	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	320	10	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	320	11	provide	provide	VERB
spir-10942	320	12	empirical	empirical	ADJ
spir-10942	320	13	support	support	NOUN
spir-10942	320	14	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	320	15	some	some	DET
spir-10942	320	16	previously	previously	ADV
spir-10942	320	17	theorized	theorize	VERB
spir-10942	320	18	trends	trend	NOUN
spir-10942	320	19	regarding	regard	VERB
spir-10942	320	20	incumbency	incumbency	NOUN
spir-10942	320	21	status	status	NOUN
spir-10942	320	22	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	320	23	election	election	NOUN
spir-10942	320	24	outcome	outcome	NOUN
spir-10942	320	25	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	321	1	this	this	DET
spir-10942	321	2	work	work	NOUN
spir-10942	321	3	suggests	suggest	VERB
spir-10942	321	4	that	that	SCONJ
spir-10942	321	5	studying	study	VERB
spir-10942	321	6	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	321	7	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	321	8	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	321	9	other	other	ADJ
spir-10942	321	10	algorithmically	algorithmically	ADV
spir-10942	321	11	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	321	12	generated	generate	VERB
spir-10942	321	13	content	content	NOUN
spir-10942	321	14	can	can	AUX
spir-10942	321	15	provide	provide	VERB
spir-10942	321	16	valuable	valuable	ADJ
spir-10942	321	17	insight	insight	NOUN
spir-10942	321	18	into	into	ADP
spir-10942	321	19	real	real	ADJ
spir-10942	321	20	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	321	21	world	world	NOUN
spir-10942	321	22	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	321	23	phenomena	phenomenon	NOUN
spir-10942	321	24	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	322	1	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	322	2	hope	hope	VERB
spir-10942	322	3	to	to	PART
spir-10942	322	4	extend	extend	VERB
spir-10942	322	5	this	this	DET
spir-10942	322	6	work	work	NOUN
spir-10942	322	7	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	322	8	its	its	PRON
spir-10942	322	9	current	current	ADJ
spir-10942	322	10	examination	examination	NOUN
spir-10942	322	11	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	322	12	the	the	DET
spir-10942	322	13	production	production	NOUN
spir-10942	322	14	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	322	15	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	322	16	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	322	17	to	to	PART
spir-10942	322	18	study	study	VERB
spir-10942	322	19	its	its	PRON
spir-10942	322	20	consumption	consumption	NOUN
spir-10942	322	21	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	322	22	the	the	DET
spir-10942	322	23	effect	effect	NOUN
spir-10942	322	24	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	322	25	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	322	26	results	result	NOUN
spir-10942	322	27	have	have	VERB
spir-10942	322	28	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	322	29	users	user	NOUN
spir-10942	322	30	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	323	1	references	reference	NOUN
spir-10942	323	2	dutton	dutton	PROPN
spir-10942	323	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	323	4	w.	w.	PROPN
spir-10942	323	5	h.	h.	PROPN
spir-10942	323	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	323	7	reisdorf	reisdorf	PROPN
spir-10942	323	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	323	9	b.	b.	PROPN
spir-10942	323	10	c.	c.	PROPN
spir-10942	323	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	323	12	dubois	dubois	PROPN
spir-10942	323	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	323	14	e.	e.	PROPN
spir-10942	323	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	323	16	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	323	17	blank	blank	PROPN
spir-10942	323	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	323	19	g.	g.	PROPN
spir-10942	323	20	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	323	21	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	323	22	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	323	23	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	324	1	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	324	2	shaping	shaping	NOUN
spir-10942	324	3	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	324	4	the	the	DET
spir-10942	324	5	politics	politic	NOUN
spir-10942	324	6	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	324	7	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-10942	324	8	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	324	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	324	10	networking	networking	NOUN
spir-10942	324	11	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	324	12	moving	move	VERB
spir-10942	324	13	beyond	beyond	ADP
spir-10942	324	14	filter	filter	NOUN
spir-10942	324	15	bubbles	bubble	NOUN
spir-10942	324	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	324	17	echo	echo	NOUN
spir-10942	324	18	chambers	chamber	NOUN
spir-10942	324	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	324	20	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	324	21	fake	fake	ADJ
spir-10942	324	22	news	news	NOUN
spir-10942	324	23	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	325	1	ssrn	ssrn	PROPN
spir-10942	325	2	electronic	electronic	ADJ
spir-10942	325	3	journal	journal	PROPN
spir-10942	325	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	326	1	doi:10.2139	doi:10.2139	ADJ
spir-10942	326	2	/	/	SYM
spir-10942	327	1	ssrn.2944191	ssrn.2944191	PROPN
spir-10942	327	2	epstein	epstein	PROPN
spir-10942	327	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	327	4	r.	r.	PROPN
spir-10942	327	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	327	6	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	327	7	robertson	robertson	PROPN
spir-10942	327	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	327	9	r.	r.	PROPN
spir-10942	327	10	e.	e.	PROPN
spir-10942	327	11	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	327	12	2015	2015	NUM
spir-10942	327	13	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	327	14	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	328	1	the	the	DET
spir-10942	328	2	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	328	3	engine	engine	NOUN
spir-10942	328	4	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
spir-10942	328	5	effect	effect	NOUN
spir-10942	328	6	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	328	7	seme	seme	NOUN
spir-10942	328	8	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	328	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	328	10	its	its	PRON
spir-10942	328	11	possible	possible	ADJ
spir-10942	328	12	impact	impact	NOUN
spir-10942	328	13	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	328	14	the	the	DET
spir-10942	328	15	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
spir-10942	328	16	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	328	17	elections	election	NOUN
spir-10942	328	18	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	329	1	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
spir-10942	329	2	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	329	3	the	the	DET
spir-10942	329	4	national	national	PROPN
spir-10942	329	5	academy	academy	PROPN
spir-10942	329	6	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	329	7	sciences,112(33	sciences,112(33	PROPN
spir-10942	329	8	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	329	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	330	1	doi:10.1073	doi:10.1073	NOUN
spir-10942	330	2	/	/	PUNCT
spir-10942	331	1	pnas.1419828112	pnas.1419828112	PROPN
spir-10942	331	2	faris	faris	PROPN
spir-10942	331	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	331	4	r.	r.	PROPN
spir-10942	331	5	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	331	6	roberts	roberts	PROPN
spir-10942	331	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	331	8	h.	h.	PROPN
spir-10942	331	9	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	331	10	etling	etling	PROPN
spir-10942	331	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	331	12	b.	b.	PROPN
spir-10942	331	13	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	331	14	bourassa	bourassa	PROPN
spir-10942	331	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	331	16	n.	n.	PROPN
spir-10942	331	17	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	331	18	zuckerman	zuckerman	PROPN
spir-10942	331	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	331	20	e.	e.	PROPN
spir-10942	331	21	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	331	22	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	331	23	benkler	benkler	NOUN
spir-10942	331	24	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	331	25	y.	y.	PROPN
spir-10942	331	26	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	331	27	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	331	28	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	331	29	partisanship	partisanship	NOUN
spir-10942	331	30	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	331	31	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
spir-10942	331	32	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	331	33	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	331	34	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-10942	331	35	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	331	36	online	online	ADJ
spir-10942	331	37	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	331	38	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	331	39	the	the	DET
spir-10942	331	40	2016	2016	NUM
spir-10942	331	41	u.s	u.s	PROPN
spir-10942	331	42	.	.	PROPN
spir-10942	331	43	presidential	presidential	ADJ
spir-10942	331	44	election	election	NOUN
spir-10942	331	45	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	332	1	berkman	berkman	PROPN
spir-10942	332	2	klein	klein	PROPN
spir-10942	332	3	center	center	PROPN
spir-10942	332	4	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	332	5	internet	internet	PROPN
spir-10942	332	6	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	332	7	society	society	PROPN
spir-10942	332	8	research	research	PROPN
spir-10942	332	9	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-10942	332	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	333	1	http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:hul.instrepos:3375925	http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:hul.instrepos:3375925	PROPN
spir-10942	333	2	groseclose	groseclose	PROPN
spir-10942	333	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	333	4	t.	t.	PROPN
spir-10942	333	5	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	333	6	2001	2001	NUM
spir-10942	333	7	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	333	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	334	1	a	a	DET
spir-10942	334	2	model	model	NOUN
spir-10942	334	3	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	334	4	candidate	candidate	NOUN
spir-10942	334	5	location	location	NOUN
spir-10942	334	6	when	when	SCONJ
spir-10942	334	7	one	one	NUM
spir-10942	334	8	candidate	candidate	NOUN
spir-10942	334	9	has	have	VERB
spir-10942	334	10	a	a	DET
spir-10942	334	11	valence	valence	NOUN
spir-10942	334	12	advantage	advantage	NOUN
spir-10942	334	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	335	1	american	american	ADJ
spir-10942	335	2	journal	journal	PROPN
spir-10942	335	3	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	335	4	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	335	5	science,45(4	science,45(4	PROPN
spir-10942	335	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	335	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	335	8	862	862	NUM
spir-10942	335	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	336	1	doi:10.2307/2669329	doi:10.2307/2669329	PROPN
spir-10942	336	2	pan	pan	PROPN
spir-10942	336	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	336	4	b.	b.	PROPN
spir-10942	336	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	336	6	hembrooke	hembrooke	PROPN
spir-10942	336	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	336	8	h.	h.	NOUN
spir-10942	336	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	336	10	joachims	joachim	NOUN
spir-10942	336	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	336	12	t.	t.	PROPN
spir-10942	336	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	336	14	lorigo	lorigo	PROPN
spir-10942	336	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	336	16	l.	l.	PROPN
spir-10942	336	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	336	18	gay	gay	PROPN
spir-10942	336	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	336	20	g.	g.	PROPN
spir-10942	336	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	336	22	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	336	23	granka	granka	PROPN
spir-10942	336	24	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	336	25	l.	l.	PROPN
spir-10942	336	26	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	336	27	2007	2007	NUM
spir-10942	336	28	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	336	29	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	337	1	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	337	2	google	google	PROPN
spir-10942	337	3	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	337	4	trust	trust	VERB
spir-10942	337	5	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	337	6	users	user	NOUN
spir-10942	337	7	’	'	PUNCT
spir-10942	337	8	decisions	decision	NOUN
spir-10942	337	9	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	337	10	rank	rank	NOUN
spir-10942	337	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	337	12	position	position	NOUN
spir-10942	337	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	337	14	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	337	15	relevance	relevance	NOUN
spir-10942	337	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	338	1	journal	journal	NOUN
spir-10942	338	2	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	338	3	computer	computer	NOUN
spir-10942	338	4	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	338	5	mediated	mediate	VERB
spir-10942	338	6	communication,12(3	communication,12(3	PROPN
spir-10942	338	7	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	338	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	338	9	801	801	NUM
spir-10942	338	10	-	-	SYM
spir-10942	338	11	823	823	NUM
spir-10942	338	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	339	1	doi:10.1111	doi:10.1111	ADJ
spir-10942	339	2	/	/	SYM
spir-10942	339	3	j.10836101.2007.00351.x	j.10836101.2007.00351.x	PROPN
spir-10942	339	4	robertson	robertson	PROPN
spir-10942	339	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	339	6	r.	r.	PROPN
spir-10942	339	7	e.	e.	PROPN
spir-10942	339	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	339	9	lazer	lazer	NOUN
spir-10942	339	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	339	11	d.	d.	PROPN
spir-10942	339	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	339	13	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	339	14	wilson	wilson	PROPN
spir-10942	339	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	339	16	c.	c.	PROPN
spir-10942	339	17	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	339	18	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	339	19	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	339	20	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	340	1	auditing	audit	VERB
spir-10942	340	2	the	the	DET
spir-10942	340	3	personalization	personalization	NOUN
spir-10942	340	4	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	340	5	composition	composition	NOUN
spir-10942	340	6	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	340	7	politically	politically	ADV
spir-10942	340	8	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	340	9	related	relate	VERB
spir-10942	340	10	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	340	11	engine	engine	NOUN
spir-10942	340	12	results	result	VERB
spir-10942	340	13	pages	page	NOUN
spir-10942	340	14	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	341	1	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
spir-10942	341	2	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	341	3	the	the	DET
spir-10942	341	4	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	341	5	world	world	NOUN
spir-10942	341	6	wide	wide	ADJ
spir-10942	341	7	web	web	NOUN
spir-10942	341	8	conference	conference	NOUN
spir-10942	341	9	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	341	10	world	world	NOUN
spir-10942	341	11	wide	wide	ADJ
spir-10942	341	12	web	web	NOUN
spir-10942	341	13	www	www	PROPN
spir-10942	341	14	18	18	NUM
spir-10942	341	15	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	341	16	doi:10.1145/3178876.3186143	doi:10.1145/3178876.3186143	PROPN
spir-10942	341	17	http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:hul.instrepos:3375925	http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:hul.instrepos:3375925	PROPN
spir-10942	341	18	follower	follower	NOUN
spir-10942	341	19	factories	factory	NOUN
spir-10942	341	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	341	21	false	false	ADJ
spir-10942	341	22	amplifiers	amplifier	NOUN
spir-10942	341	23	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	341	24	fakes	fake	NOUN
spir-10942	341	25	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	341	26	sale	sale	NOUN
spir-10942	341	27	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	341	28	the	the	DET
spir-10942	341	29	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	341	30	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-10942	341	31	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	341	32	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	341	33	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	341	34	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
spir-10942	341	35	alexander	alexander	PROPN
spir-10942	341	36	hogan	hogan	PROPN
spir-10942	341	37	oxford	oxford	PROPN
spir-10942	341	38	internet	internet	PROPN
spir-10942	341	39	institute	institute	PROPN
spir-10942	341	40	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	341	41	university	university	NOUN
spir-10942	341	42	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	341	43	oxford	oxford	PROPN
spir-10942	341	44	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	341	45	etic	etic	PROPN
spir-10942	341	46	lab	lab	NOUN
spir-10942	341	47	lisa	lisa	PROPN
spir-10942	341	48	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	341	49	maria	maria	PROPN
spir-10942	341	50	neudert	neudert	PROPN
spir-10942	341	51	oxford	oxford	PROPN
spir-10942	341	52	internet	internet	PROPN
spir-10942	341	53	institute	institute	PROPN
spir-10942	341	54	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	341	55	university	university	PROPN
spir-10942	341	56	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	341	57	oxford	oxford	PROPN
spir-10942	341	58	introduction	introduction	NOUN
spir-10942	341	59	the	the	DET
spir-10942	341	60	malicious	malicious	ADJ
spir-10942	341	61	use	use	NOUN
spir-10942	341	62	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	341	63	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	341	64	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	341	65	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-10942	341	66	tasked	task	VERB
spir-10942	341	67	with	with	ADP
spir-10942	341	68	the	the	DET
spir-10942	341	69	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
spir-10942	341	70	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	341	71	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	341	72	processes	process	NOUN
spir-10942	341	73	has	have	AUX
spir-10942	341	74	emerged	emerge	VERB
spir-10942	341	75	as	as	ADP
spir-10942	341	76	critical	critical	ADJ
spir-10942	341	77	public	public	ADJ
spir-10942	341	78	interest	interest	NOUN
spir-10942	341	79	issue	issue	NOUN
spir-10942	341	80	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	342	1	globally	globally	ADV
spir-10942	342	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	342	3	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	342	4	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	342	5	nonpolitical	nonpolitical	ADJ
spir-10942	342	6	actors	actor	NOUN
spir-10942	342	7	deploy	deploy	VERB
spir-10942	342	8	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
spir-10942	342	9	to	to	PART
spir-10942	342	10	sow	sow	VERB
spir-10942	342	11	division	division	NOUN
spir-10942	342	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	342	13	errode	errode	VERB
spir-10942	342	14	trust	trust	NOUN
spir-10942	342	15	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	342	16	orchestrate	orchestrate	ADJ
spir-10942	342	17	consensus	consensus	NOUN
spir-10942	342	18	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	342	19	bradshaw	bradshaw	PROPN
spir-10942	342	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	342	21	neudert	neudert	PROPN
spir-10942	342	22	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	342	23	howard	howard	PROPN
spir-10942	342	24	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	342	25	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	342	26	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	342	27	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	343	1	state	state	NOUN
spir-10942	343	2	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	343	3	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	343	4	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	343	5	the	the	DET
spir-10942	343	6	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	343	7	art	art	NOUN
spir-10942	343	8	information	information	NOUN
spir-10942	343	9	operations	operation	NOUN
spir-10942	343	10	rely	rely	VERB
spir-10942	343	11	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	343	12	an	an	DET
spir-10942	343	13	amalgam	amalgam	NOUN
spir-10942	343	14	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	343	15	automation	automation	NOUN
spir-10942	343	16	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	343	17	big	big	ADJ
spir-10942	343	18	data	datum	NOUN
spir-10942	343	19	to	to	PART
spir-10942	343	20	disseminate	disseminate	VERB
spir-10942	343	21	deceptive	deceptive	ADJ
spir-10942	343	22	messages	message	NOUN
spir-10942	343	23	over	over	ADP
spir-10942	343	24	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	343	25	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	343	26	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	344	1	they	they	PRON
spir-10942	344	2	use	use	VERB
spir-10942	344	3	bots	bot	NOUN
spir-10942	344	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	344	5	fake	fake	ADJ
spir-10942	344	6	personas	persona	NOUN
spir-10942	344	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	344	8	sock	sock	NOUN
spir-10942	344	9	puppets	puppet	NOUN
spir-10942	344	10	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	344	11	game	game	NOUN
spir-10942	344	12	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
spir-10942	344	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	344	14	inflate	inflate	VERB
spir-10942	344	15	opinions	opinion	NOUN
spir-10942	344	16	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	344	17	distort	distort	VERB
spir-10942	344	18	discourse	discourse	NOUN
spir-10942	344	19	–	–	PUNCT
spir-10942	344	20	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	344	21	these	these	DET
spir-10942	344	22	instruments	instrument	NOUN
spir-10942	344	23	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	344	24	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
spir-10942	344	25	are	be	AUX
spir-10942	344	26	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	344	27	sale	sale	NOUN
spir-10942	344	28	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	345	1	online	online	ADJ
spir-10942	345	2	market	market	NOUN
spir-10942	345	3	places	place	NOUN
spir-10942	345	4	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	345	5	both	both	CCONJ
spir-10942	345	6	the	the	DET
spir-10942	345	7	open	open	ADJ
spir-10942	345	8	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	345	9	dark	dark	ADJ
spir-10942	345	10	web	web	NOUN
spir-10942	345	11	offer	offer	NOUN
spir-10942	345	12	deceptive	deceptive	ADJ
spir-10942	345	13	tools	tool	NOUN
spir-10942	345	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	345	15	like	like	ADP
spir-10942	345	16	fake	fake	ADJ
spir-10942	345	17	accounts	account	NOUN
spir-10942	345	18	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	345	19	positive	positive	ADJ
spir-10942	345	20	reviews	review	NOUN
spir-10942	345	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	345	22	within	within	ADP
spir-10942	345	23	the	the	DET
spir-10942	345	24	click	click	NOUN
spir-10942	345	25	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	345	26	a	a	DET
spir-10942	345	27	few	few	ADJ
spir-10942	345	28	buttons	button	NOUN
spir-10942	345	29	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	345	30	anyone	anyone	PRON
spir-10942	345	31	with	with	ADP
spir-10942	345	32	a	a	DET
spir-10942	345	33	credit	credit	NOUN
spir-10942	345	34	card	card	NOUN
spir-10942	345	35	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	345	36	hegelich	hegelich	NOUN
spir-10942	345	37	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	345	38	2016	2016	NUM
spir-10942	345	39	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	345	40	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	346	1	so	so	ADV
spir-10942	346	2	far	far	ADV
spir-10942	346	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	346	4	scholarly	scholarly	ADJ
spir-10942	346	5	work	work	NOUN
spir-10942	346	6	into	into	ADP
spir-10942	346	7	the	the	DET
spir-10942	346	8	initiators	initiator	NOUN
spir-10942	346	9	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	346	10	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-10942	346	11	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
spir-10942	346	12	has	have	AUX
spir-10942	346	13	focused	focus	VERB
spir-10942	346	14	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	346	15	different	different	ADJ
spir-10942	346	16	actor	actor	NOUN
spir-10942	346	17	groups	group	NOUN
spir-10942	346	18	–	–	PUNCT
spir-10942	346	19	primarily	primarily	ADV
spir-10942	346	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	346	21	russia	russia	PROPN
spir-10942	346	22	’s	’s	PART
spir-10942	346	23	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-10942	346	24	research	research	NOUN
spir-10942	346	25	agency	agency	NOUN
spir-10942	346	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	346	27	the	the	DET
spir-10942	346	28	alt	alt	ADJ
spir-10942	346	29	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	346	30	right	right	NOUN
spir-10942	346	31	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	346	32	the	the	DET
spir-10942	346	33	military	military	ADJ
spir-10942	346	34	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	346	35	industrial	industrial	ADJ
spir-10942	346	36	complex	complex	NOUN
spir-10942	346	37	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	346	38	benkler	benkler	NOUN
spir-10942	346	39	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	346	40	faris	faris	PROPN
spir-10942	346	41	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	346	42	roberts	roberts	PROPN
spir-10942	346	43	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	346	44	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	346	45	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	346	46	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	347	1	profit	profit	NOUN
spir-10942	347	2	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	347	3	driven	drive	VERB
spir-10942	347	4	actors	actor	NOUN
spir-10942	347	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	347	6	as	as	SCONJ
spir-10942	347	7	opposed	oppose	VERB
spir-10942	347	8	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	347	9	politically	politically	ADV
spir-10942	347	10	motivated	motivated	ADJ
spir-10942	347	11	ones	one	NOUN
spir-10942	347	12	have	have	AUX
spir-10942	347	13	received	receive	VERB
spir-10942	347	14	less	less	ADJ
spir-10942	347	15	scholarly	scholarly	ADJ
spir-10942	347	16	attention	attention	NOUN
spir-10942	347	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	348	1	it	it	PRON
spir-10942	348	2	is	be	AUX
spir-10942	348	3	widely	widely	ADV
spir-10942	348	4	recognized	recognize	VERB
spir-10942	348	5	that	that	SCONJ
spir-10942	348	6	there	there	PRON
spir-10942	348	7	are	be	VERB
spir-10942	348	8	economic	economic	ADJ
spir-10942	348	9	incentives	incentive	NOUN
spir-10942	348	10	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	348	11	information	information	NOUN
spir-10942	348	12	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
spir-10942	348	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	348	14	many	many	ADJ
spir-10942	348	15	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	348	16	which	which	PRON
spir-10942	348	17	are	be	AUX
spir-10942	348	18	related	relate	VERB
spir-10942	348	19	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	348	20	the	the	DET
spir-10942	348	21	monetizability	monetizability	NOUN
spir-10942	348	22	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	348	23	content	content	NOUN
spir-10942	348	24	through	through	ADP
spir-10942	348	25	advertising	advertising	NOUN
spir-10942	348	26	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	349	1	yet	yet	CCONJ
spir-10942	349	2	little	little	ADJ
spir-10942	349	3	research	research	NOUN
spir-10942	349	4	has	have	AUX
spir-10942	349	5	explored	explore	VERB
spir-10942	349	6	how	how	SCONJ
spir-10942	349	7	profit	profit	NOUN
spir-10942	349	8	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	349	9	driven	drive	VERB
spir-10942	349	10	actors	actor	NOUN
spir-10942	349	11	use	use	VERB
spir-10942	349	12	online	online	ADJ
spir-10942	349	13	marketplaces	marketplace	NOUN
spir-10942	349	14	to	to	PART
spir-10942	349	15	offer	offer	VERB
spir-10942	349	16	products	product	NOUN
spir-10942	349	17	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	349	18	services	service	NOUN
spir-10942	349	19	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	349	20	are	be	AUX
spir-10942	349	21	designed	design	VERB
spir-10942	349	22	to	to	PART
spir-10942	349	23	manipulate	manipulate	VERB
spir-10942	349	24	as	as	ADP
spir-10942	349	25	a	a	DET
spir-10942	349	26	business	business	NOUN
spir-10942	349	27	model	model	NOUN
spir-10942	349	28	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	350	1	using	use	VERB
spir-10942	350	2	data	datum	NOUN
spir-10942	350	3	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	350	4	the	the	DET
spir-10942	350	5	darknet	darknet	NOUN
spir-10942	350	6	market	market	NOUN
spir-10942	350	7	archives	archive	NOUN
spir-10942	350	8	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	350	9	purposeful	purposeful	ADJ
spir-10942	350	10	keyword	keyword	NOUN
spir-10942	350	11	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	350	12	the	the	DET
spir-10942	350	13	open	open	ADJ
spir-10942	350	14	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	350	15	dark	dark	ADJ
spir-10942	350	16	web	web	NOUN
spir-10942	350	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	350	18	this	this	DET
spir-10942	350	19	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-10942	350	20	explores	explore	VERB
spir-10942	350	21	the	the	DET
spir-10942	350	22	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	350	23	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-10942	350	24	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	350	25	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-10942	350	26	marketplaces	marketplace	NOUN
spir-10942	350	27	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	350	28	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	350	29	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	350	30	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
spir-10942	350	31	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	350	32	examines	examine	VERB
spir-10942	350	33	how	how	SCONJ
spir-10942	350	34	profit	profit	NOUN
spir-10942	350	35	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	350	36	driven	drive	VERB
spir-10942	350	37	actors	actor	NOUN
spir-10942	350	38	market	market	VERB
spir-10942	350	39	the	the	DET
spir-10942	350	40	tools	tool	NOUN
spir-10942	350	41	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	350	42	the	the	DET
spir-10942	350	43	malicious	malicious	ADJ
spir-10942	350	44	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
spir-10942	350	45	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	350	46	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	350	47	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	350	48	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	351	1	providing	provide	VERB
spir-10942	351	2	an	an	DET
spir-10942	351	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-10942	351	4	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	351	5	these	these	DET
spir-10942	351	6	tools	tool	NOUN
spir-10942	351	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	351	8	their	their	PRON
spir-10942	351	9	availability	availability	NOUN
spir-10942	351	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	351	11	functionality	functionality	NOUN
spir-10942	351	12	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	351	13	pricing	pricing	NOUN
spir-10942	351	14	over	over	ADP
spir-10942	351	15	time	time	NOUN
spir-10942	351	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	351	17	this	this	DET
spir-10942	351	18	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-10942	351	19	develops	develop	VERB
spir-10942	351	20	a	a	DET
spir-10942	351	21	grounded	ground	VERB
spir-10942	351	22	typology	typology	NOUN
spir-10942	351	23	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	351	24	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
spir-10942	351	25	marketplaces	marketplace	NOUN
spir-10942	351	26	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	351	27	hopes	hope	VERB
spir-10942	351	28	to	to	PART
spir-10942	351	29	offer	offer	VERB
spir-10942	351	30	insights	insight	NOUN
spir-10942	351	31	into	into	ADP
spir-10942	351	32	their	their	PRON
spir-10942	351	33	scope	scope	NOUN
spir-10942	351	34	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	351	35	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
spir-10942	351	36	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	352	1	literature	literature	NOUN
spir-10942	352	2	review	review	VERB
spir-10942	352	3	the	the	DET
spir-10942	352	4	rise	rise	NOUN
spir-10942	352	5	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	352	6	malicious	malicious	ADJ
spir-10942	352	7	information	information	NOUN
spir-10942	352	8	operations	operation	NOUN
spir-10942	352	9	has	have	AUX
spir-10942	352	10	appeared	appear	VERB
spir-10942	352	11	as	as	ADP
spir-10942	352	12	a	a	DET
spir-10942	352	13	pressing	press	VERB
spir-10942	352	14	concern	concern	NOUN
spir-10942	352	15	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	352	16	the	the	DET
spir-10942	352	17	global	global	ADJ
spir-10942	352	18	public	public	ADJ
spir-10942	352	19	agenda	agenda	NOUN
spir-10942	352	20	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	353	1	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	353	2	the	the	DET
spir-10942	353	3	aftermath	aftermath	NOUN
spir-10942	353	4	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	353	5	foreign	foreign	ADJ
spir-10942	353	6	interference	interference	NOUN
spir-10942	353	7	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	353	8	the	the	DET
spir-10942	353	9	2016	2016	NUM
spir-10942	353	10	us	us	PROPN
spir-10942	353	11	elections	election	NOUN
spir-10942	353	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	353	13	both	both	CCONJ
spir-10942	353	14	scholarly	scholarly	ADJ
spir-10942	353	15	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	353	16	public	public	ADJ
spir-10942	353	17	research	research	NOUN
spir-10942	353	18	have	have	AUX
spir-10942	353	19	produced	produce	VERB
spir-10942	353	20	a	a	DET
spir-10942	353	21	growing	grow	VERB
spir-10942	353	22	body	body	NOUN
spir-10942	353	23	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	353	24	evidence	evidence	NOUN
spir-10942	353	25	about	about	ADP
spir-10942	353	26	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-10942	353	27	operations	operation	NOUN
spir-10942	353	28	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	353	29	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	353	30	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	353	31	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-10942	353	32	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	354	1	these	these	DET
spir-10942	354	2	inquiries	inquiry	NOUN
spir-10942	354	3	have	have	AUX
spir-10942	354	4	focused	focus	VERB
spir-10942	354	5	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	354	6	tracking	track	VERB
spir-10942	354	7	“	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	354	8	computational	computational	ADJ
spir-10942	354	9	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
spir-10942	354	10	”	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	354	11	across	across	ADP
spir-10942	354	12	different	different	ADJ
spir-10942	354	13	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-10942	354	14	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	354	15	geo	geo	PROPN
spir-10942	354	16	-	-	ADJ
spir-10942	354	17	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	354	18	contexts	contexts	NOUN
spir-10942	354	19	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	354	20	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	354	21	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	354	22	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
spir-10942	354	23	as	as	ADP
spir-10942	354	24	the	the	DET
spir-10942	354	25	technical	technical	ADJ
spir-10942	354	26	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-10942	354	27	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	354	28	afford	afford	VERB
spir-10942	354	29	such	such	ADJ
spir-10942	354	30	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
spir-10942	354	31	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	354	32	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	354	33	the	the	DET
spir-10942	354	34	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	354	35	actors	actor	NOUN
spir-10942	354	36	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	354	37	execute	execute	VERB
spir-10942	354	38	information	information	NOUN
spir-10942	354	39	operation	operation	NOUN
spir-10942	354	40	playbooks	playbook	NOUN
spir-10942	354	41	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	354	42	tucker	tucker	PROPN
spir-10942	354	43	et	et	PROPN
spir-10942	354	44	al	al	PROPN
spir-10942	354	45	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	354	46	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	354	47	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	354	48	woolley	woolley	PROPN
spir-10942	354	49	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	354	50	howard	howard	PROPN
spir-10942	354	51	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	354	52	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	354	53	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	354	54	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	355	1	overwhelmingly	overwhelmingly	ADV
spir-10942	355	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	355	3	these	these	DET
spir-10942	355	4	findings	finding	NOUN
spir-10942	355	5	have	have	AUX
spir-10942	355	6	underscored	underscore	VERB
spir-10942	355	7	the	the	DET
spir-10942	355	8	role	role	NOUN
spir-10942	355	9	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	355	10	automated	automate	VERB
spir-10942	355	11	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	355	12	fake	fake	ADJ
spir-10942	355	13	accounts	account	NOUN
spir-10942	355	14	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	355	15	amplifying	amplifying	ADJ
spir-10942	355	16	viewpoints	viewpoint	NOUN
spir-10942	355	17	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	355	18	manufacturing	manufacture	VERB
spir-10942	355	19	consensus	consensus	NOUN
spir-10942	355	20	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	356	1	yet	yet	ADV
spir-10942	356	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	356	3	how	how	SCONJ
spir-10942	356	4	these	these	DET
spir-10942	356	5	tools	tool	NOUN
spir-10942	356	6	are	be	AUX
spir-10942	356	7	developed	develop	VERB
spir-10942	356	8	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	356	9	acquired	acquire	VERB
spir-10942	356	10	by	by	ADP
spir-10942	356	11	malicious	malicious	ADJ
spir-10942	356	12	actors	actor	NOUN
spir-10942	356	13	has	have	AUX
spir-10942	356	14	widely	widely	ADV
spir-10942	356	15	escaped	escape	VERB
spir-10942	356	16	scholarly	scholarly	ADJ
spir-10942	356	17	attention	attention	NOUN
spir-10942	356	18	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	357	1	as	as	SCONJ
spir-10942	357	2	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	357	3	networks	network	NOUN
spir-10942	357	4	have	have	AUX
spir-10942	357	5	come	come	VERB
spir-10942	357	6	under	under	ADP
spir-10942	357	7	attack	attack	NOUN
spir-10942	357	8	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	357	9	offering	offer	VERB
spir-10942	357	10	a	a	DET
spir-10942	357	11	fertile	fertile	ADJ
spir-10942	357	12	ground	ground	NOUN
spir-10942	357	13	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	357	14	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-10942	357	15	operations	operation	NOUN
spir-10942	357	16	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	357	17	all	all	DET
spir-10942	357	18	couleur	couleur	NOUN
spir-10942	357	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	357	20	academic	academic	ADJ
spir-10942	357	21	inquiry	inquiry	NOUN
spir-10942	357	22	has	have	AUX
spir-10942	357	23	pointed	point	VERB
spir-10942	357	24	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	357	25	systemic	systemic	ADJ
spir-10942	357	26	design	design	NOUN
spir-10942	357	27	flaws	flaw	NOUN
spir-10942	357	28	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	357	29	make	make	VERB
spir-10942	357	30	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-10942	357	31	vulnerable	vulnerable	ADJ
spir-10942	357	32	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	357	33	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
spir-10942	357	34	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	358	1	wu	wu	PROPN
spir-10942	358	2	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	358	3	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	358	4	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	358	5	argues	argue	VERB
spir-10942	358	6	that	that	SCONJ
spir-10942	358	7	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	358	8	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-10942	358	9	capitalize	capitalize	VERB
spir-10942	358	10	attention	attention	NOUN
spir-10942	358	11	through	through	ADP
spir-10942	358	12	advertising	advertising	NOUN
spir-10942	358	13	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	358	14	hence	hence	ADV
spir-10942	358	15	algorithmically	algorithmically	ADV
spir-10942	358	16	promote	promote	VERB
spir-10942	358	17	attentiongrabbing	attentiongrabbing	NOUN
spir-10942	358	18	content	content	NOUN
spir-10942	358	19	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	359	1	the	the	DET
spir-10942	359	2	more	more	ADJ
spir-10942	359	3	clicks	click	NOUN
spir-10942	359	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	359	5	likes	like	NOUN
spir-10942	359	6	or	or	CCONJ
spir-10942	359	7	shares	share	VERB
spir-10942	359	8	a	a	DET
spir-10942	359	9	piece	piece	NOUN
spir-10942	359	10	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	359	11	content	content	NOUN
spir-10942	359	12	has	have	VERB
spir-10942	359	13	the	the	DET
spir-10942	359	14	more	more	ADV
spir-10942	359	15	visible	visible	ADJ
spir-10942	359	16	it	it	PRON
spir-10942	359	17	will	will	AUX
spir-10942	359	18	appear	appear	VERB
spir-10942	359	19	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	360	1	marwick	marwick	PROPN
spir-10942	360	2	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	360	3	lewis	lewis	PROPN
spir-10942	360	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	360	5	2016	2016	NUM
spir-10942	360	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	360	7	find	find	VERB
spir-10942	360	8	that	that	SCONJ
spir-10942	360	9	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-10942	360	10	are	be	AUX
spir-10942	360	11	prone	prone	ADJ
spir-10942	360	12	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	360	13	“	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	360	14	attentionhacking	attentionhacke	VERB
spir-10942	360	15	”	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	360	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	360	17	whereby	whereby	SCONJ
spir-10942	360	18	these	these	DET
spir-10942	360	19	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
spir-10942	360	20	are	be	AUX
spir-10942	360	21	gamed	game	VERB
spir-10942	360	22	with	with	ADP
spir-10942	360	23	misleading	mislead	VERB
spir-10942	360	24	content	content	NOUN
spir-10942	360	25	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	360	26	false	false	ADJ
spir-10942	360	27	amplification	amplification	NOUN
spir-10942	360	28	through	through	ADP
spir-10942	360	29	automated	automate	VERB
spir-10942	360	30	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	360	31	fake	fake	ADJ
spir-10942	360	32	accounts	account	NOUN
spir-10942	360	33	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	361	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
spir-10942	361	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	361	3	tucker	tucker	PROPN
spir-10942	361	4	et	et	PROPN
spir-10942	361	5	al	al	PROPN
spir-10942	361	6	.	.	PROPN
spir-10942	361	7	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	361	8	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	361	9	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	361	10	argue	argue	VERB
spir-10942	361	11	that	that	SCONJ
spir-10942	361	12	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	361	13	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	361	14	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-10942	361	15	favor	favor	VERB
spir-10942	361	16	attention	attention	NOUN
spir-10942	361	17	regardless	regardless	ADV
spir-10942	361	18	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	361	19	veracity	veracity	NOUN
spir-10942	361	20	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	362	1	by	by	ADP
spir-10942	362	2	rewarding	reward	VERB
spir-10942	362	3	attention	attention	NOUN
spir-10942	362	4	with	with	ADP
spir-10942	362	5	visibility	visibility	NOUN
spir-10942	362	6	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	362	7	networks	network	NOUN
spir-10942	362	8	have	have	AUX
spir-10942	362	9	created	create	VERB
spir-10942	362	10	powerful	powerful	ADJ
spir-10942	362	11	economic	economic	ADJ
spir-10942	362	12	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	362	13	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	362	14	incentives	incentive	NOUN
spir-10942	362	15	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	362	16	algorithm	algorithm	NOUN
spir-10942	362	17	gaming	game	VERB
spir-10942	362	18	through	through	ADP
spir-10942	362	19	fake	fake	ADJ
spir-10942	362	20	accounts	account	NOUN
spir-10942	362	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	362	22	bots	bot	NOUN
spir-10942	362	23	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	362	24	other	other	ADJ
spir-10942	362	25	forms	form	NOUN
spir-10942	362	26	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	362	27	content	content	NOUN
spir-10942	362	28	amplifiers	amplifier	NOUN
spir-10942	362	29	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	363	1	coupled	couple	VERB
spir-10942	363	2	with	with	ADP
spir-10942	363	3	a	a	DET
spir-10942	363	4	growing	grow	VERB
spir-10942	363	5	demand	demand	NOUN
spir-10942	363	6	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	363	7	malicious	malicious	ADJ
spir-10942	363	8	actors	actor	NOUN
spir-10942	363	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	363	10	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	363	11	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	363	12	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
spir-10942	363	13	has	have	AUX
spir-10942	363	14	emerged	emerge	VERB
spir-10942	363	15	as	as	ADP
spir-10942	363	16	profitable	profitable	ADJ
spir-10942	363	17	business	business	NOUN
spir-10942	363	18	strategy	strategy	NOUN
spir-10942	363	19	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	363	20	hundreds	hundred	NOUN
spir-10942	363	21	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	363	22	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-10942	363	23	vendors	vendor	NOUN
spir-10942	363	24	cater	cater	VERB
spir-10942	363	25	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	363	26	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	364	1	already	already	ADV
spir-10942	364	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	364	3	phenomenological	phenomenological	ADJ
spir-10942	364	4	instances	instance	NOUN
spir-10942	364	5	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	364	6	profit	profit	NOUN
spir-10942	364	7	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	364	8	driven	drive	VERB
spir-10942	364	9	“	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	364	10	follower	follower	NOUN
spir-10942	364	11	factories	factory	NOUN
spir-10942	364	12	”	"	PUNCT
spir-10942	364	13	have	have	AUX
spir-10942	364	14	been	be	AUX
spir-10942	364	15	reported	report	VERB
spir-10942	364	16	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	364	17	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	364	18	confessore	confessore	NOUN
spir-10942	364	19	et	et	NOUN
spir-10942	364	20	al	al	PROPN
spir-10942	364	21	.	.	PROPN
spir-10942	364	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	364	23	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	364	24	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	364	25	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	365	1	as	as	SCONJ
spir-10942	365	2	hostile	hostile	ADJ
spir-10942	365	3	actors	actor	NOUN
spir-10942	365	4	continue	continue	VERB
spir-10942	365	5	to	to	PART
spir-10942	365	6	look	look	VERB
spir-10942	365	7	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	365	8	ways	way	NOUN
spir-10942	365	9	to	to	PART
spir-10942	365	10	undermine	undermine	VERB
spir-10942	365	11	public	public	ADJ
spir-10942	365	12	discourse	discourse	NOUN
spir-10942	365	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	365	14	it	it	PRON
spir-10942	365	15	is	be	AUX
spir-10942	365	16	pivotal	pivotal	ADJ
spir-10942	365	17	to	to	PART
spir-10942	365	18	understand	understand	VERB
spir-10942	365	19	how	how	SCONJ
spir-10942	365	20	online	online	ADJ
spir-10942	365	21	marketplaces	marketplace	NOUN
spir-10942	365	22	sustain	sustain	VERB
spir-10942	365	23	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
spir-10942	365	24	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	365	25	cater	cater	NOUN
spir-10942	365	26	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	365	27	market	market	NOUN
spir-10942	365	28	demands	demand	NOUN
spir-10942	365	29	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	366	1	this	this	DET
spir-10942	366	2	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-10942	366	3	asks	ask	VERB
spir-10942	366	4	the	the	DET
spir-10942	366	5	following	follow	VERB
spir-10942	366	6	questions	question	NOUN
spir-10942	366	7	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	366	8	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	366	9	1	1	X
spir-10942	366	10	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	366	11	what	what	PRON
spir-10942	366	12	is	be	AUX
spir-10942	366	13	the	the	DET
spir-10942	366	14	scope	scope	NOUN
spir-10942	366	15	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	366	16	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-10942	366	17	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
spir-10942	366	18	marketplaces	marketplace	NOUN
spir-10942	366	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	366	20	their	their	PRON
spir-10942	366	21	products	product	NOUN
spir-10942	366	22	?	?	PUNCT
spir-10942	367	1	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	367	2	2	2	X
spir-10942	367	3	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	367	4	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	367	5	what	what	DET
spir-10942	367	6	way	way	NOUN
spir-10942	367	7	do	do	AUX
spir-10942	367	8	the	the	DET
spir-10942	367	9	affordance	affordance	ADJ
spir-10942	367	10	structures	structure	NOUN
spir-10942	367	11	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	367	12	their	their	PRON
spir-10942	367	13	products	product	NOUN
spir-10942	367	14	support	support	VERB
spir-10942	367	15	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	367	16	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
spir-10942	367	17	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	367	18	how	how	SCONJ
spir-10942	367	19	do	do	AUX
spir-10942	367	20	they	they	PRON
spir-10942	367	21	interact	interact	VERB
spir-10942	367	22	with	with	ADP
spir-10942	367	23	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-10942	367	24	ecosystems	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-10942	367	25	?	?	PUNCT
spir-10942	368	1	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	368	2	3	3	X
spir-10942	368	3	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	368	4	how	how	SCONJ
spir-10942	368	5	can	can	AUX
spir-10942	368	6	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-10942	368	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	368	8	policymakers	policymaker	NOUN
spir-10942	368	9	address	address	VERB
spir-10942	368	10	these	these	DET
spir-10942	368	11	issues	issue	NOUN
spir-10942	368	12	?	?	PUNCT
spir-10942	369	1	methodology	methodology	NOUN
spir-10942	369	2	this	this	DET
spir-10942	369	3	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-10942	369	4	analyzes	analyze	VERB
spir-10942	369	5	data	datum	NOUN
spir-10942	369	6	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	369	7	two	two	NUM
spir-10942	369	8	main	main	ADJ
spir-10942	369	9	sources	source	NOUN
spir-10942	369	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	370	1	firstly	firstly	ADV
spir-10942	370	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	370	3	the	the	DET
spir-10942	370	4	gwern	gwern	PROPN
spir-10942	370	5	dark	dark	ADJ
spir-10942	370	6	market	market	NOUN
spir-10942	370	7	archives	archive	NOUN
spir-10942	370	8	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	370	9	branwen	branwen	NOUN
spir-10942	370	10	et	et	PROPN
spir-10942	370	11	al	al	PROPN
spir-10942	370	12	.	.	PROPN
spir-10942	370	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	370	14	2015	2015	NUM
spir-10942	370	15	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	370	16	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	370	17	comprehensively	comprehensively	ADV
spir-10942	370	18	compile	compile	NOUN
spir-10942	370	19	vendor	vendor	NOUN
spir-10942	370	20	pages	page	NOUN
spir-10942	370	21	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	370	22	feedback	feedback	VERB
spir-10942	370	23	forums	forum	NOUN
spir-10942	370	24	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	370	25	dark	dark	ADJ
spir-10942	370	26	net	net	ADJ
spir-10942	370	27	markets	market	NOUN
spir-10942	370	28	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	370	29	2013	2013	NUM
spir-10942	370	30	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	370	31	2015	2015	NUM
spir-10942	370	32	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	371	1	secondly	secondly	ADV
spir-10942	371	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	371	3	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	371	4	searched	search	VERB
spir-10942	371	5	the	the	DET
spir-10942	371	6	top	top	ADJ
spir-10942	371	7	three	three	NUM
spir-10942	371	8	search	search	NOUN
spir-10942	371	9	engines	engine	NOUN
spir-10942	371	10	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	371	11	the	the	DET
spir-10942	371	12	open	open	ADJ
spir-10942	371	13	web	web	NOUN
spir-10942	371	14	–	–	PUNCT
spir-10942	371	15	google	google	NOUN
spir-10942	371	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	371	17	yahoo	yahoo	PROPN
spir-10942	371	18	!	!	PROPN
spir-10942	371	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	371	20	bing	bing	NOUN
spir-10942	371	21	–	–	PUNCT
spir-10942	371	22	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	371	23	dark	dark	ADJ
spir-10942	371	24	web	web	NOUN
spir-10942	371	25	–	–	PUNCT
spir-10942	371	26	torch	torch	NOUN
spir-10942	371	27	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	371	28	ahmia	ahmia	NOUN
spir-10942	371	29	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	371	30	parazite	parazite	ADJ
spir-10942	371	31	–	–	PUNCT
spir-10942	371	32	to	to	PART
spir-10942	371	33	identify	identify	VERB
spir-10942	371	34	marketplaces	marketplace	NOUN
spir-10942	371	35	with	with	ADP
spir-10942	371	36	purposefully	purposefully	ADV
spir-10942	371	37	selected	select	VERB
spir-10942	371	38	key	key	ADJ
spir-10942	371	39	terms	term	NOUN
spir-10942	371	40	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	372	1	modeling	model	VERB
spir-10942	372	2	our	our	PRON
spir-10942	372	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-10942	372	4	after	after	ADP
spir-10942	372	5	joyce	joyce	PROPN
spir-10942	372	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	372	7	antonio	antonio	PROPN
spir-10942	372	8	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	372	9	howard	howard	PROPN
spir-10942	372	10	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	372	11	2013	2013	NUM
spir-10942	372	12	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	372	13	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	372	14	used	use	VERB
spir-10942	372	15	crawlers	crawler	NOUN
spir-10942	372	16	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	372	17	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
spir-10942	372	18	content	content	NOUN
spir-10942	372	19	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-10942	372	20	to	to	PART
spir-10942	372	21	build	build	VERB
spir-10942	372	22	a	a	DET
spir-10942	372	23	coded	code	VERB
spir-10942	372	24	spreadsheet	spreadsheet	NOUN
spir-10942	372	25	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	372	26	specific	specific	ADJ
spir-10942	372	27	variables	variable	NOUN
spir-10942	372	28	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	372	29	interest	interest	NOUN
spir-10942	372	30	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	373	1	these	these	PRON
spir-10942	373	2	included	include	VERB
spir-10942	373	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	373	4	available	available	ADJ
spir-10942	373	5	products	product	NOUN
spir-10942	373	6	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	373	7	services	service	NOUN
spir-10942	373	8	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
spir-10942	373	9	bots	bot	NOUN
spir-10942	373	10	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	373	11	fake	fake	ADJ
spir-10942	373	12	accounts	account	NOUN
spir-10942	373	13	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	373	14	pricing	pricing	NOUN
spir-10942	373	15	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	373	16	currency	currency	NOUN
spir-10942	373	17	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	373	18	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	373	19	networks	network	NOUN
spir-10942	373	20	targeted	target	VERB
spir-10942	373	21	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	373	22	feedback	feedback	NOUN
spir-10942	373	23	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	373	24	users	user	NOUN
spir-10942	373	25	about	about	ADP
spir-10942	373	26	feasibility	feasibility	NOUN
spir-10942	373	27	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	373	28	targeting	target	VERB
spir-10942	373	29	options	option	NOUN
spir-10942	373	30	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	373	31	audience	audience	NOUN
spir-10942	373	32	size	size	NOUN
spir-10942	373	33	;	;	PUNCT
spir-10942	373	34	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	373	35	geo	geo	PROPN
spir-10942	373	36	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	373	37	location	location	NOUN
spir-10942	373	38	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	373	39	accounts	account	NOUN
spir-10942	373	40	used	use	VERB
spir-10942	373	41	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	374	1	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	374	2	will	will	AUX
spir-10942	374	3	conduct	conduct	VERB
spir-10942	374	4	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ
spir-10942	374	5	statistical	statistical	ADJ
spir-10942	374	6	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-10942	374	7	to	to	PART
spir-10942	374	8	show	show	VERB
spir-10942	374	9	patterns	pattern	NOUN
spir-10942	374	10	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	374	11	trends	trend	NOUN
spir-10942	374	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	375	1	to	to	PART
spir-10942	375	2	develop	develop	VERB
spir-10942	375	3	a	a	DET
spir-10942	375	4	better	well	ADJ
spir-10942	375	5	understanding	understanding	NOUN
spir-10942	375	6	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	375	7	these	these	DET
spir-10942	375	8	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-10942	375	9	marketplaces	marketplace	NOUN
spir-10942	375	10	we	we	PRON
spir-10942	375	11	set	set	VERB
spir-10942	375	12	out	out	ADP
spir-10942	375	13	to	to	PART
spir-10942	375	14	perform	perform	VERB
spir-10942	375	15	an	an	DET
spir-10942	375	16	iterative	iterative	NOUN
spir-10942	375	17	typology	typology	NOUN
spir-10942	375	18	building	building	NOUN
spir-10942	375	19	process	process	NOUN
spir-10942	375	20	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	376	1	typology	typology	NOUN
spir-10942	376	2	building	building	NOUN
spir-10942	376	3	is	be	AUX
spir-10942	376	4	one	one	NUM
spir-10942	376	5	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	376	6	the	the	DET
spir-10942	376	7	most	most	ADV
spir-10942	376	8	foundational	foundational	ADJ
spir-10942	376	9	tasks	task	NOUN
spir-10942	376	10	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	376	11	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	376	12	research	research	NOUN
spir-10942	376	13	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	376	14	is	be	AUX
spir-10942	376	15	especially	especially	ADV
spir-10942	376	16	important	important	ADJ
spir-10942	376	17	when	when	SCONJ
spir-10942	376	18	it	it	PRON
spir-10942	376	19	comes	come	VERB
spir-10942	376	20	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	376	21	investigating	investigate	VERB
spir-10942	376	22	new	new	ADJ
spir-10942	376	23	phenomena	phenomenon	NOUN
spir-10942	376	24	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	377	1	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	377	2	aronovitch	aronovitch	VERB
spir-10942	377	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	377	4	2012	2012	NUM
spir-10942	377	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	377	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	378	1	following	follow	VERB
spir-10942	378	2	our	our	PRON
spir-10942	378	3	sampling	sample	VERB
spir-10942	378	4	strategy	strategy	NOUN
spir-10942	378	5	our	our	PRON
spir-10942	378	6	initial	initial	ADJ
spir-10942	378	7	dataset	dataset	NOUN
spir-10942	378	8	identified	identify	VERB
spir-10942	378	9	more	more	ADJ
spir-10942	378	10	than	than	ADP
spir-10942	378	11	200	200	NUM
spir-10942	378	12	distinct	distinct	ADJ
spir-10942	378	13	marketplaces	marketplace	NOUN
spir-10942	378	14	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	379	1	four	four	NUM
spir-10942	379	2	main	main	ADJ
spir-10942	379	3	categories	category	NOUN
spir-10942	379	4	were	be	AUX
spir-10942	379	5	identified	identify	VERB
spir-10942	379	6	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	379	7	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	379	8	1	1	X
spir-10942	379	9	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	379	10	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-10942	379	11	inflaters	inflater	NOUN
spir-10942	379	12	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	379	13	sell	sell	VERB
spir-10942	379	14	simple	simple	ADJ
spir-10942	379	15	metric	metric	ADJ
spir-10942	379	16	boosters	booster	NOUN
spir-10942	379	17	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	379	18	likes	like	NOUN
spir-10942	379	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	379	20	shares	share	NOUN
spir-10942	379	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	379	22	retweets	retweet	NOUN
spir-10942	379	23	etc	etc	X
spir-10942	379	24	.	.	X
spir-10942	380	1	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	380	2	2	2	X
spir-10942	380	3	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	380	4	fake	fake	ADJ
spir-10942	380	5	factories	factory	NOUN
spir-10942	380	6	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	380	7	offer	offer	VERB
spir-10942	380	8	pre	pre	ADJ
spir-10942	380	9	-	-	ADJ
spir-10942	380	10	aged	aged	ADJ
spir-10942	380	11	accounts	account	NOUN
spir-10942	380	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	380	13	sock	sock	NOUN
spir-10942	380	14	puppets	puppet	NOUN
spir-10942	380	15	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	380	16	bots	bot	NOUN
spir-10942	380	17	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	380	18	clients	client	NOUN
spir-10942	380	19	populate	populate	VERB
spir-10942	380	20	with	with	ADP
spir-10942	380	21	content	content	NOUN
spir-10942	380	22	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	380	23	3	3	X
spir-10942	380	24	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	380	25	human	human	ADJ
spir-10942	380	26	amplifiers	amplifier	NOUN
spir-10942	380	27	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	380	28	sell	sell	VERB
spir-10942	380	29	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	380	30	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	380	31	engagement	engagement	NOUN
spir-10942	380	32	from	from	ADP
spir-10942	380	33	genuine	genuine	ADJ
spir-10942	380	34	human	human	ADJ
spir-10942	380	35	accounts	account	NOUN
spir-10942	380	36	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	380	37	often	often	ADV
spir-10942	380	38	held	hold	VERB
spir-10942	380	39	by	by	ADP
spir-10942	380	40	users	user	NOUN
spir-10942	380	41	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	380	42	the	the	DET
spir-10942	380	43	global	global	ADJ
spir-10942	380	44	south	south	NOUN
spir-10942	380	45	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	380	46	4	4	NUM
spir-10942	380	47	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	380	48	all	all	PRON
spir-10942	380	49	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	380	50	round	round	NOUN
spir-10942	380	51	agencies	agency	NOUN
spir-10942	380	52	that	that	PRON
spir-10942	380	53	promise	promise	VERB
spir-10942	380	54	custom	custom	ADV
spir-10942	380	55	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	380	56	tailored	tailor	VERB
spir-10942	380	57	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-10942	380	58	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
spir-10942	380	59	using	use	VERB
spir-10942	380	60	a	a	DET
spir-10942	380	61	canon	canon	NOUN
spir-10942	380	62	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	380	63	techniques	technique	NOUN
spir-10942	380	64	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	381	1	the	the	DET
spir-10942	381	2	findings	finding	NOUN
spir-10942	381	3	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	381	4	this	this	DET
spir-10942	381	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-10942	381	6	will	will	AUX
spir-10942	381	7	inform	inform	VERB
spir-10942	381	8	a	a	DET
spir-10942	381	9	discussion	discussion	NOUN
spir-10942	381	10	about	about	ADP
spir-10942	381	11	the	the	DET
spir-10942	381	12	role	role	NOUN
spir-10942	381	13	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	381	14	the	the	DET
spir-10942	381	15	emergent	emergent	ADJ
spir-10942	381	16	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	381	17	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-10942	381	18	for	for	ADP
spir-10942	381	19	sustaining	sustain	VERB
spir-10942	381	20	information	information	NOUN
spir-10942	381	21	operations	operation	NOUN
spir-10942	381	22	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	381	23	provide	provide	VERB
spir-10942	381	24	rich	rich	ADJ
spir-10942	381	25	evidence	evidence	NOUN
spir-10942	381	26	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	381	27	the	the	DET
spir-10942	381	28	current	current	ADJ
spir-10942	381	29	public	public	ADJ
spir-10942	381	30	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	381	31	scholarly	scholarly	ADJ
spir-10942	381	32	debate	debate	NOUN
spir-10942	381	33	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	381	34	impacts	impact	NOUN
spir-10942	381	35	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	381	36	countermeasures	countermeasure	NOUN
spir-10942	381	37	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	382	1	references	reference	NOUN
spir-10942	382	2	aronovitch	aronovitch	VERB
spir-10942	382	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	382	4	h.	h.	PROPN
spir-10942	382	5	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	382	6	2012	2012	NUM
spir-10942	382	7	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	382	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	383	1	interpreting	interpret	VERB
spir-10942	383	2	weber	weber	PROPN
spir-10942	383	3	’s	’s	PART
spir-10942	383	4	ideal	ideal	ADJ
spir-10942	383	5	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	383	6	types	type	NOUN
spir-10942	383	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	384	1	philosophy	philosophy	NOUN
spir-10942	384	2	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	384	3	the	the	DET
spir-10942	384	4	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	384	5	sciences	science	NOUN
spir-10942	384	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	384	7	42(3	42(3	NUM
spir-10942	384	8	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	384	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	384	10	356–369	356–369	NUM
spir-10942	384	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	385	1	https://doi.org/10.1177/0048393111408779	https://doi.org/10.1177/0048393111408779	PROPN
spir-10942	385	2	benkler	benkler	NOUN
spir-10942	385	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	385	4	y.	y.	PROPN
spir-10942	385	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	385	6	faris	faris	PROPN
spir-10942	385	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	385	8	r.	r.	PROPN
spir-10942	385	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	385	10	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	385	11	roberts	roberts	PROPN
spir-10942	385	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	385	13	h.	h.	PROPN
spir-10942	385	14	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	385	15	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	385	16	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	385	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	386	1	network	network	NOUN
spir-10942	386	2	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
spir-10942	386	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	386	4	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
spir-10942	386	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	386	6	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-10942	386	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	386	8	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	386	9	radicalization	radicalization	NOUN
spir-10942	386	10	in	in	ADP
spir-10942	386	11	american	american	ADJ
spir-10942	386	12	politics	politic	NOUN
spir-10942	386	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	387	1	oxford	oxford	PROPN
spir-10942	387	2	university	university	PROPN
spir-10942	387	3	press	press	NOUN
spir-10942	387	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	388	1	bradshaw	bradshaw	PROPN
spir-10942	388	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	388	3	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-10942	388	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	388	5	neudert	neudert	PROPN
spir-10942	388	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	388	7	l.	l.	PROPN
spir-10942	388	8	m.	m.	PROPN
spir-10942	388	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	388	10	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	388	11	howard	howard	PROPN
spir-10942	388	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	388	13	p.	p.	PROPN
spir-10942	388	14	n.	n.	PROPN
spir-10942	388	15	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	388	16	2019	2019	NUM
spir-10942	388	17	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	388	18	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	389	1	government	government	NOUN
spir-10942	389	2	responses	response	NOUN
spir-10942	389	3	to	to	ADP
spir-10942	389	4	malicious	malicious	ADJ
spir-10942	389	5	uses	use	NOUN
spir-10942	389	6	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	389	7	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	389	8	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	389	9	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	389	10	working	work	VERB
spir-10942	389	11	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-10942	389	12	2019.2	2019.2	NUM
spir-10942	389	13	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	389	14	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	390	1	oxford	oxford	PROPN
spir-10942	390	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	390	3	uk	uk	PROPN
spir-10942	390	4	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	390	5	oxford	oxford	PROPN
spir-10942	390	6	university	university	PROPN
spir-10942	390	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	390	8	project	project	NOUN
spir-10942	390	9	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	390	10	computational	computational	ADJ
spir-10942	390	11	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
spir-10942	390	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	391	1	confessore	confessore	NOUN
spir-10942	391	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	391	3	n.	n.	NOUN
spir-10942	391	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	391	5	dance	dance	NOUN
spir-10942	391	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	391	7	g.	g.	PROPN
spir-10942	391	8	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-10942	391	9	x.	x.	PROPN
spir-10942	391	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	391	11	harris	harris	PROPN
spir-10942	391	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	391	13	r.	r.	PROPN
spir-10942	391	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	391	15	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	391	16	hansen	hansen	PROPN
spir-10942	391	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	391	18	m.	m.	NOUN
spir-10942	391	19	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	391	20	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	391	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	391	22	january	january	PROPN
spir-10942	391	23	27	27	NUM
spir-10942	391	24	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	391	25	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	392	1	the	the	DET
spir-10942	392	2	follower	follower	NOUN
spir-10942	392	3	factory	factory	NOUN
spir-10942	392	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	393	1	the	the	DET
spir-10942	393	2	new	new	PROPN
spir-10942	393	3	york	york	PROPN
spir-10942	393	4	times	times	PROPN
spir-10942	393	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	394	1	https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/01/27/technology/social-media-bots.html	https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/01/27/technology/social-media-bots.html	PROPN
spir-10942	394	2	branwen	branwen	PROPN
spir-10942	394	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	394	4	g.	g.	PROPN
spir-10942	394	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	394	6	christin	christin	PROPN
spir-10942	394	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	394	8	n.	n.	NOUN
spir-10942	394	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	394	10	décary	décary	ADJ
spir-10942	394	11	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	394	12	hétu	hétu	NOUN
spir-10942	394	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	394	14	d.	d.	PROPN
spir-10942	394	15	,munksgaard	,munksgaard	PROPN
spir-10942	394	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	394	17	r.	r.	PROPN
spir-10942	394	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	394	19	stexo	stexo	NOUN
spir-10942	394	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	394	21	a.	a.	NOUN
spir-10942	394	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	394	23	anonymous	anonymous	ADJ
spir-10942	394	24	…	…	PUNCT
spir-10942	394	25	goode	goode	PROPN
spir-10942	394	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	394	27	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-10942	394	28	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	394	29	2015	2015	NUM
spir-10942	394	30	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	394	31	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	395	1	dark	dark	ADJ
spir-10942	395	2	net	net	ADJ
spir-10942	395	3	market	market	NOUN
spir-10942	395	4	archives	archive	NOUN
spir-10942	395	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	395	6	2011	2011	NUM
spir-10942	395	7	-	-	SYM
spir-10942	395	8	2015	2015	NUM
spir-10942	395	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	396	1	https://www.gwern.net/dnmarchives	https://www.gwern.net/dnmarchive	NOUN
spir-10942	396	2	hegelich	hegelich	PROPN
spir-10942	396	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	396	4	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-10942	396	5	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	396	6	2016	2016	NUM
spir-10942	396	7	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	396	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	397	1	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	397	2	bots	bot	NOUN
spir-10942	397	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	397	4	invasion	invasion	NOUN
spir-10942	397	5	der	der	PROPN
spir-10942	397	6	meinungsrobotor	meinungsrobotor	PROPN
spir-10942	397	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	398	1	konrad	konrad	PROPN
spir-10942	398	2	-	-	PUNCT
spir-10942	398	3	adenauerstiftung	adenauerstiftung	NOUN
spir-10942	398	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	398	5	221	221	NUM
spir-10942	398	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	398	7	1–9	1–9	NUM
spir-10942	398	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	399	1	http://www.kas.de/wf/de/33.46486/	http://www.kas.de/wf/de/33.46486/	PROPN
spir-10942	399	2	joyce	joyce	PROPN
spir-10942	399	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	399	4	m.	m.	NOUN
spir-10942	399	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	399	6	antonio	antonio	PROPN
spir-10942	399	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	399	8	r.	r.	PROPN
spir-10942	399	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	399	10	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	399	11	howard	howard	PROPN
spir-10942	399	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	399	13	p.	p.	PROPN
spir-10942	399	14	n.	n.	PROPN
spir-10942	399	15	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	399	16	2013	2013	NUM
spir-10942	399	17	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	399	18	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	400	1	global	global	ADJ
spir-10942	400	2	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-10942	400	3	activism	activism	NOUN
spir-10942	400	4	data	datum	NOUN
spir-10942	400	5	set	set	VERB
spir-10942	400	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	401	1	icpsr	icpsr	NOUN
spir-10942	401	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	402	1	http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/icpsr/studies/34625/version/2	http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/icpsr/studies/34625/version/2	PROPN
spir-10942	402	2	marwick	marwick	PROPN
spir-10942	402	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	402	4	a.	a.	PROPN
spir-10942	402	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	402	6	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	402	7	lewis	lewis	PROPN
spir-10942	402	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	402	9	r.	r.	PROPN
spir-10942	402	10	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	402	11	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	402	12	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	402	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	403	1	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	403	2	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
spir-10942	403	3	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	403	4	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-10942	403	5	online	online	ADV
spir-10942	403	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	404	1	data	data	PROPN
spir-10942	404	2	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	404	3	society	society	PROPN
spir-10942	404	4	research	research	PROPN
spir-10942	404	5	institute	institute	PROPN
spir-10942	404	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	405	1	https://datasociety.net/pubs/oh/dataandsociety_mediamanipulationanddisinformationo	https://datasociety.net/pubs/oh/dataandsociety_mediamanipulationanddisinformationo	PROPN
spir-10942	405	2	nline.pdf	nline.pdf	PROPN
spir-10942	405	3	tucker	tucker	PROPN
spir-10942	405	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	405	5	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-10942	405	6	a.	a.	PROPN
spir-10942	405	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	405	8	guess	guess	VERB
spir-10942	405	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	405	10	a.	a.	NOUN
spir-10942	405	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	405	12	barbera	barbera	NOUN
spir-10942	405	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	405	14	p.	p.	NOUN
spir-10942	405	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	405	16	vaccari	vaccari	NOUN
spir-10942	405	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	405	18	c.	c.	PROPN
spir-10942	405	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	405	20	siegel	siegel	PROPN
spir-10942	405	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	405	22	a.	a.	PROPN
spir-10942	405	23	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	405	24	sanovich	sanovich	PROPN
spir-10942	405	25	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	405	26	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-10942	405	27	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	405	28	…	…	PUNCT
spir-10942	405	29	nyhan	nyhan	NOUN
spir-10942	405	30	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	405	31	b.	b.	PROPN
spir-10942	405	32	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	405	33	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	405	34	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	405	35	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	406	1	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	406	2	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	406	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	406	4	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	406	5	polarization	polarization	NOUN
spir-10942	406	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	406	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	406	8	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	406	9	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-10942	406	10	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	406	11	a	a	DET
spir-10942	406	12	review	review	NOUN
spir-10942	406	13	of	of	ADP
spir-10942	406	14	the	the	DET
spir-10942	406	15	scientific	scientific	ADJ
spir-10942	406	16	literature	literature	NOUN
spir-10942	406	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	407	1	ssrn	ssrn	PROPN
spir-10942	407	2	electronic	electronic	ADJ
spir-10942	407	3	journal	journal	NOUN
spir-10942	407	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	407	5	95	95	NUM
spir-10942	407	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	408	1	https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3144139	https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3144139	PROPN
spir-10942	408	2	woolley	woolley	PROPN
spir-10942	408	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	408	4	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-10942	408	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	408	6	&	&	CCONJ
spir-10942	408	7	howard	howard	PROPN
spir-10942	408	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	408	9	p.	p.	NOUN
spir-10942	408	10	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	408	11	2018	2018	NUM
spir-10942	408	12	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	408	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	409	1	computational	computational	ADJ
spir-10942	409	2	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
spir-10942	409	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	409	4	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	409	5	parties	party	NOUN
spir-10942	409	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	409	7	politicians	politician	NOUN
spir-10942	409	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	409	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-10942	409	10	political	political	ADJ
spir-10942	409	11	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
spir-10942	409	12	on	on	ADP
spir-10942	409	13	social	social	ADJ
spir-10942	409	14	media	medium	NOUN
spir-10942	409	15	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	410	1	oxford	oxford	NOUN
spir-10942	410	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	410	3	oxford	oxford	PROPN
spir-10942	410	4	university	university	PROPN
spir-10942	410	5	press	press	NOUN
spir-10942	410	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	411	1	wu	wu	PROPN
spir-10942	411	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-10942	411	3	t.	t.	PROPN
spir-10942	411	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-10942	411	5	2017	2017	NUM
spir-10942	411	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-10942	411	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	412	1	the	the	DET
spir-10942	412	2	attention	attention	NOUN
spir-10942	412	3	merchants	merchant	NOUN
spir-10942	412	4	:	:	PUNCT
spir-10942	412	5	the	the	DET
spir-10942	412	6	epic	epic	ADJ
spir-10942	412	7	struggle	struggle	NOUN
spir-10942	412	8	to	to	PART
spir-10942	412	9	get	get	VERB
spir-10942	412	10	inside	inside	ADP
spir-10942	412	11	our	our	PRON
spir-10942	412	12	heads	head	NOUN
spir-10942	412	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	413	1	atlantic	atlantic	ADJ
spir-10942	413	2	books	book	NOUN
spir-10942	413	3	.	.	PUNCT
spir-10942	414	1	https://doi.org/10.1177/0048393111408779	https://doi.org/10.1177/0048393111408779	PROPN
spir-10942	414	2	https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/01/27/technology/social-media-bots.html	https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/01/27/technology/social-media-bots.html	VERB
spir-10942	415	1	http://www.kas.de/wf/de/33.46486/	http://www.kas.de/wf/de/33.46486/	PROPN
spir-10942	415	2	http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/icpsr/studies/34625/version/2	http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/icpsr/studies/34625/version/2	ADJ
spir-10942	415	3	https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3144139	https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3144139	ADJ