id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
spir-11119	1	1	re	re	VERB
spir-11119	1	2	-	-	ADJ
spir-11119	1	3	valuing	value	VERB
spir-11119	1	4	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	1	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	1	6	reclaiming	reclaim	VERB
spir-11119	1	7	the	the	DET
spir-11119	1	8	local	local	ADJ
spir-11119	1	9	aoir	aoir	NOUN
spir-11119	1	10	panel	panel	NOUN
spir-11119	1	11	final	final	ADJ
spir-11119	1	12	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	1	13	1).pdf	1).pdf	NUM
spir-11119	1	14	selected	select	VERB
spir-11119	1	15	papers	paper	NOUN
spir-11119	1	16	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	1	17	#	#	SYM
spir-11119	1	18	aoir2020	aoir2020	PROPN
spir-11119	1	19	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	1	20	the	the	DET
spir-11119	1	21	21st	21st	ADJ
spir-11119	1	22	annual	annual	ADJ
spir-11119	1	23	conference	conference	NOUN
spir-11119	1	24	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	1	25	the	the	DET
spir-11119	1	26	association	association	NOUN
spir-11119	1	27	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	1	28	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-11119	1	29	researchers	researcher	NOUN
spir-11119	1	30	dublin	dublin	PROPN
spir-11119	1	31	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	1	32	ireland	ireland	PROPN
spir-11119	1	33	/	/	SYM
spir-11119	1	34	28	28	NUM
spir-11119	1	35	-	-	SYM
spir-11119	1	36	31	31	NUM
spir-11119	1	37	october	october	PROPN
spir-11119	1	38	2020	2020	NUM
spir-11119	1	39	suggested	suggest	VERB
spir-11119	1	40	citation	citation	NOUN
spir-11119	1	41	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	1	42	apa	apa	PROPN
spir-11119	1	43	):	):	PUNCT
spir-11119	1	44	gekker	gekker	PROPN
spir-11119	1	45	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	1	46	alex	alex	PROPN
spir-11119	1	47	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	1	48	sam	sam	PROPN
spir-11119	1	49	hind	hind	PROPN
spir-11119	1	50	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	2	1	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	2	2	2020	2020	NUM
spir-11119	2	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	2	4	october	october	PROPN
spir-11119	2	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	2	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	3	1	re	re	VERB
spir-11119	3	2	-	-	VERB
spir-11119	3	3	valuing	value	VERB
spir-11119	3	4	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	3	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	3	6	reclaiming	reclaim	VERB
spir-11119	3	7	the	the	DET
spir-11119	3	8	local	local	ADJ
spir-11119	3	9	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	3	10	panel	panel	NOUN
spir-11119	3	11	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	3	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	4	1	papers	paper	NOUN
spir-11119	4	2	presented	present	VERB
spir-11119	4	3	at	at	ADP
spir-11119	4	4	aoir	aoir	NOUN
spir-11119	4	5	2020	2020	NUM
spir-11119	4	6	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	4	7	the	the	DET
spir-11119	4	8	21th	21th	ADJ
spir-11119	4	9	annual	annual	ADJ
spir-11119	4	10	conference	conference	NOUN
spir-11119	4	11	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	4	12	the	the	DET
spir-11119	4	13	association	association	NOUN
spir-11119	4	14	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	4	15	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-11119	4	16	researchers	researcher	NOUN
spir-11119	4	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	5	1	virtual	virtual	ADJ
spir-11119	5	2	event	event	NOUN
spir-11119	5	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	5	4	aoir	aoir	NOUN
spir-11119	5	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	5	6	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
spir-11119	5	7	from	from	ADP
spir-11119	5	8	http://spir.aoir.org	http://spir.aoir.org	PROPN
spir-11119	5	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	5	10	re	re	VERB
spir-11119	5	11	-	-	VERB
spir-11119	5	12	valuing	value	VERB
spir-11119	5	13	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	5	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	5	15	reclaiming	reclaim	VERB
spir-11119	5	16	the	the	DET
spir-11119	5	17	local	local	ADJ
spir-11119	5	18	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	5	19	preconstituted	preconstituted	ADJ
spir-11119	5	20	panel	panel	NOUN
spir-11119	5	21	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	5	22	alex	alex	PROPN
spir-11119	5	23	gekker	gekker	PROPN
spir-11119	5	24	university	university	PROPN
spir-11119	5	25	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	5	26	amsterdam	amsterdam	PROPN
spir-11119	5	27	sam	sam	PROPN
spir-11119	5	28	hind	hind	PROPN
spir-11119	5	29	siegen	siegen	PROPN
spir-11119	5	30	university	university	PROPN
spir-11119	5	31	this	this	DET
spir-11119	5	32	panel	panel	NOUN
spir-11119	5	33	brings	bring	VERB
spir-11119	5	34	together	together	ADP
spir-11119	5	35	emerging	emerge	VERB
spir-11119	5	36	scholarship	scholarship	NOUN
spir-11119	5	37	that	that	PRON
spir-11119	5	38	challenges	challenge	VERB
spir-11119	5	39	the	the	DET
spir-11119	5	40	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ
spir-11119	5	41	hold	hold	NOUN
spir-11119	5	42	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	5	43	major	major	ADJ
spir-11119	5	44	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	5	45	over	over	ADP
spir-11119	5	46	public	public	ADJ
spir-11119	5	47	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	5	48	private	private	ADJ
spir-11119	5	49	life	life	NOUN
spir-11119	5	50	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	6	1	it	it	PRON
spir-11119	6	2	critically	critically	ADV
spir-11119	6	3	questions	question	VERB
spir-11119	6	4	the	the	DET
spir-11119	6	5	scope	scope	NOUN
spir-11119	6	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	6	7	valence	valence	NOUN
spir-11119	6	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	6	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	6	10	embeddedness	embeddedness	NOUN
spir-11119	6	11	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	6	12	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	6	13	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	6	14	the	the	DET
spir-11119	6	15	everyday	everyday	NOUN
spir-11119	6	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	6	17	challenging	challenging	ADJ
spir-11119	6	18	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	6	19	commercial	commercial	ADJ
spir-11119	6	20	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	6	21	platformization	platformization	NOUN
spir-11119	6	22	as	as	ADP
spir-11119	6	23	the	the	DET
spir-11119	6	24	new	new	ADJ
spir-11119	6	25	normal	normal	ADJ
spir-11119	6	26	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	7	1	we	we	PRON
spir-11119	7	2	attempt	attempt	VERB
spir-11119	7	3	to	to	PART
spir-11119	7	4	offer	offer	VERB
spir-11119	7	5	new	new	ADJ
spir-11119	7	6	ways	way	NOUN
spir-11119	7	7	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	7	8	managing	manage	VERB
spir-11119	7	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	7	10	changing	change	VERB
spir-11119	7	11	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	7	12	co	co	ADJ
spir-11119	7	13	-	-	ADJ
spir-11119	7	14	opting	opting	ADJ
spir-11119	7	15	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	7	16	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	7	17	the	the	DET
spir-11119	7	18	benefit	benefit	NOUN
spir-11119	7	19	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	7	20	end	end	NOUN
spir-11119	7	21	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	7	22	users	user	NOUN
spir-11119	7	23	rather	rather	ADV
spir-11119	7	24	than	than	ADP
spir-11119	7	25	proprietors	proprietor	NOUN
spir-11119	7	26	only	only	ADV
spir-11119	7	27	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	8	1	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	8	2	this	this	DET
spir-11119	8	3	end	end	NOUN
spir-11119	8	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	8	5	the	the	DET
spir-11119	8	6	panel	panel	NOUN
spir-11119	8	7	discusses	discuss	VERB
spir-11119	8	8	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	8	9	debates	debate	NOUN
spir-11119	8	10	'	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	8	11	non	non	ADJ
spir-11119	8	12	-	-	ADJ
spir-11119	8	13	market	market	NOUN
spir-11119	8	14	'	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	8	15	approaches	approach	NOUN
spir-11119	8	16	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	8	17	tackling	tackle	VERB
spir-11119	8	18	social	social	ADJ
spir-11119	8	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	8	20	environmental	environmental	ADJ
spir-11119	8	21	effects	effect	NOUN
spir-11119	8	22	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	8	23	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	8	24	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	9	1	it	it	PRON
spir-11119	9	2	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	9	3	designed	design	VERB
spir-11119	9	4	to	to	PART
spir-11119	9	5	build	build	VERB
spir-11119	9	6	on	on	ADP
spir-11119	9	7	recent	recent	ADJ
spir-11119	9	8	work	work	NOUN
spir-11119	9	9	within	within	ADP
spir-11119	9	10	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-11119	9	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	9	12	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	9	13	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	9	14	critical	critical	ADJ
spir-11119	9	15	data	datum	NOUN
spir-11119	9	16	studies	study	NOUN
spir-11119	9	17	to	to	PART
spir-11119	9	18	suggest	suggest	VERB
spir-11119	9	19	alternative	alternative	ADJ
spir-11119	9	20	approaches	approach	NOUN
spir-11119	9	21	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	9	22	the	the	DET
spir-11119	9	23	neoliberal	neoliberal	ADJ
spir-11119	9	24	ordering	ordering	NOUN
spir-11119	9	25	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	9	26	economic	economic	ADJ
spir-11119	9	27	life	life	NOUN
spir-11119	9	28	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	10	1	a	a	DET
spir-11119	10	2	central	central	ADJ
spir-11119	10	3	question	question	NOUN
spir-11119	10	4	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	10	5	whether	whether	SCONJ
spir-11119	10	6	the	the	DET
spir-11119	10	7	data	datum	NOUN
spir-11119	10	8	streams	stream	NOUN
spir-11119	10	9	monetized	monetize	VERB
spir-11119	10	10	by	by	ADP
spir-11119	10	11	“	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	10	12	big	big	ADJ
spir-11119	10	13	tech	tech	NOUN
spir-11119	10	14	”	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	10	15	can	can	AUX
spir-11119	10	16	be	be	AUX
spir-11119	10	17	harnessed	harness	VERB
spir-11119	10	18	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	10	19	public	public	ADJ
spir-11119	10	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	10	21	democratic	democratic	ADJ
spir-11119	10	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	10	23	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	10	24	socialist	socialist	ADJ
spir-11119	10	25	ends	end	NOUN
spir-11119	10	26	;	;	PUNCT
spir-11119	10	27	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	10	28	doing	do	VERB
spir-11119	10	29	so	so	ADV
spir-11119	10	30	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	10	31	bringing	bring	VERB
spir-11119	10	32	them	they	PRON
spir-11119	10	33	'	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	10	34	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	10	35	house	house	NOUN
spir-11119	10	36	'	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	10	37	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	10	38	into	into	ADP
spir-11119	10	39	competition	competition	NOUN
spir-11119	10	40	with	with	ADP
spir-11119	10	41	big	big	ADJ
spir-11119	10	42	tech	tech	NOUN
spir-11119	10	43	itself	itself	PRON
spir-11119	10	44	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	11	1	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	11	2	other	other	ADJ
spir-11119	11	3	words	word	NOUN
spir-11119	11	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	11	5	the	the	DET
spir-11119	11	6	panel	panel	NOUN
spir-11119	11	7	takes	take	VERB
spir-11119	11	8	a	a	DET
spir-11119	11	9	“	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	11	10	protocological	protocological	ADJ
spir-11119	11	11	”	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	11	12	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	11	13	galloway	galloway	NOUN
spir-11119	11	14	2004	2004	NUM
spir-11119	11	15	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	11	16	resistance	resistance	NOUN
spir-11119	11	17	approach	approach	NOUN
spir-11119	11	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	11	19	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	11	20	appropriating	appropriate	VERB
spir-11119	11	21	the	the	DET
spir-11119	11	22	methods	method	NOUN
spir-11119	11	23	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	11	24	algorithmicand	algorithmicand	PROPN
spir-11119	11	25	data	data	NOUN
spir-11119	11	26	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	11	27	governance	governance	NOUN
spir-11119	11	28	occurring	occur	VERB
spir-11119	11	29	under	under	ADP
spir-11119	11	30	platformization	platformization	NOUN
spir-11119	11	31	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	11	32	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	11	33	utilising	utilise	VERB
spir-11119	11	34	them	they	PRON
spir-11119	11	35	at	at	ADP
spir-11119	11	36	the	the	DET
spir-11119	11	37	regional	regional	ADJ
spir-11119	11	38	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	11	39	state	state	NOUN
spir-11119	11	40	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	11	41	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	11	42	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	11	43	hyper-)local	hyper-)local	ADJ
spir-11119	11	44	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	11	45	city	city	NOUN
spir-11119	11	46	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	11	47	city	city	NOUN
spir-11119	11	48	block	block	NOUN
spir-11119	11	49	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	11	50	level	level	NOUN
spir-11119	11	51	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	12	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
spir-11119	12	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	12	3	it	it	PRON
spir-11119	12	4	seeks	seek	VERB
spir-11119	12	5	to	to	PART
spir-11119	12	6	highlight	highlight	VERB
spir-11119	12	7	examples	example	NOUN
spir-11119	12	8	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	12	9	successful	successful	ADJ
spir-11119	12	10	community	community	NOUN
spir-11119	12	11	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	12	12	based	base	VERB
spir-11119	12	13	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	12	14	cooperative	cooperative	ADJ
spir-11119	12	15	instances	instance	NOUN
spir-11119	12	16	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	12	17	platformization	platformization	NOUN
spir-11119	12	18	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	13	1	looking	look	VERB
spir-11119	13	2	at	at	ADP
spir-11119	13	3	the	the	DET
spir-11119	13	4	seemingly	seemingly	ADV
spir-11119	13	5	ruthless	ruthless	ADJ
spir-11119	13	6	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
spir-11119	13	7	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	13	8	google	google	PROPN
spir-11119	13	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	13	10	apple	apple	NOUN
spir-11119	13	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	13	12	facebook	facebook	NOUN
spir-11119	13	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	13	14	amazon	amazon	NOUN
spir-11119	13	15	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	13	16	microsoft	microsoft	PROPN
spir-11119	13	17	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	13	18	gafam	gafam	PROPN
spir-11119	13	19	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	13	20	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	13	21	the	the	DET
spir-11119	13	22	extraction	extraction	NOUN
spir-11119	13	23	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	13	24	value	value	NOUN
spir-11119	13	25	through	through	ADP
spir-11119	13	26	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-11119	13	27	means	mean	NOUN
spir-11119	13	28	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	13	29	the	the	DET
spir-11119	13	30	panellists	panellist	NOUN
spir-11119	13	31	ask	ask	VERB
spir-11119	13	32	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	13	33	what	what	PRON
spir-11119	13	34	would	would	AUX
spir-11119	13	35	resistance	resistance	NOUN
spir-11119	13	36	look	look	VERB
spir-11119	13	37	like	like	ADP
spir-11119	13	38	if	if	SCONJ
spir-11119	13	39	we	we	PRON
spir-11119	13	40	use	use	VERB
spir-11119	13	41	the	the	DET
spir-11119	13	42	economic	economic	ADJ
spir-11119	13	43	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	13	44	infrastructural	infrastructural	ADJ
spir-11119	13	45	strategies	strategy	NOUN
spir-11119	13	46	levied	levy	VERB
spir-11119	13	47	against	against	ADP
spir-11119	13	48	us	we	PRON
spir-11119	13	49	?	?	PUNCT
spir-11119	14	1	the	the	DET
spir-11119	14	2	first	first	ADJ
spir-11119	14	3	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-11119	14	4	gives	give	VERB
spir-11119	14	5	a	a	DET
spir-11119	14	6	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
spir-11119	14	7	overview	overview	NOUN
spir-11119	14	8	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	14	9	the	the	DET
spir-11119	14	10	issues	issue	NOUN
spir-11119	14	11	at	at	ADP
spir-11119	14	12	the	the	DET
spir-11119	14	13	heart	heart	NOUN
spir-11119	14	14	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	14	15	corporate	corporate	ADJ
spir-11119	14	16	platformization	platformization	NOUN
spir-11119	14	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	14	18	asking	ask	VERB
spir-11119	14	19	why	why	SCONJ
spir-11119	14	20	it	it	PRON
spir-11119	14	21	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	14	22	so	so	ADV
spir-11119	14	23	hard	hard	ADJ
spir-11119	14	24	to	to	PART
spir-11119	14	25	develop	develop	VERB
spir-11119	14	26	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
spir-11119	14	27	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
spir-11119	14	28	once	once	SCONJ
spir-11119	14	29	major	major	ADJ
spir-11119	14	30	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	14	31	come	come	VERB
spir-11119	14	32	to	to	PART
spir-11119	14	33	dominate	dominate	VERB
spir-11119	14	34	the	the	DET
spir-11119	14	35	field	field	NOUN
spir-11119	14	36	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	15	1	it	it	PRON
spir-11119	15	2	examines	examine	VERB
spir-11119	15	3	large	large	ADJ
spir-11119	15	4	global	global	ADJ
spir-11119	15	5	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	15	6	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	15	7	their	their	PRON
spir-11119	15	8	competitors	competitor	NOUN
spir-11119	15	9	through	through	ADP
spir-11119	15	10	the	the	DET
spir-11119	15	11	lens	lens	NOUN
spir-11119	15	12	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	15	13	markets	market	NOUN
spir-11119	15	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	15	15	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-11119	15	16	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	15	17	finance	finance	NOUN
spir-11119	15	18	capital	capital	NOUN
spir-11119	15	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	15	20	arriving	arrive	VERB
spir-11119	15	21	at	at	ADP
spir-11119	15	22	an	an	DET
spir-11119	15	23	assessment	assessment	NOUN
spir-11119	15	24	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	15	25	the	the	DET
spir-11119	15	26	pre	pre	NOUN
spir-11119	15	27	-	-	NOUN
spir-11119	15	28	conditions	condition	NOUN
spir-11119	15	29	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	15	30	effective	effective	ADJ
spir-11119	15	31	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
spir-11119	15	32	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	15	33	public	public	ADJ
spir-11119	15	34	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-11119	15	35	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	16	1	tackling	tackle	VERB
spir-11119	16	2	the	the	DET
spir-11119	16	3	question	question	NOUN
spir-11119	16	4	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	16	5	“	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	16	6	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
spir-11119	16	7	”	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	16	8	from	from	ADP
spir-11119	16	9	a	a	DET
spir-11119	16	10	different	different	ADJ
spir-11119	16	11	angle	angle	NOUN
spir-11119	16	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	16	13	the	the	DET
spir-11119	16	14	authors	author	NOUN
spir-11119	16	15	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	16	16	the	the	DET
spir-11119	16	17	second	second	ADJ
spir-11119	16	18	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-11119	16	19	distance	distance	NOUN
spir-11119	16	20	themselves	themselves	PRON
spir-11119	16	21	from	from	ADP
spir-11119	16	22	gafam	gafam	NOUN
spir-11119	16	23	as	as	ADP
spir-11119	16	24	a	a	DET
spir-11119	16	25	model	model	NOUN
spir-11119	16	26	to	to	PART
spir-11119	16	27	be	be	AUX
spir-11119	16	28	challenged	challenge	VERB
spir-11119	16	29	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	16	30	emulated	emulated	ADJ
spir-11119	16	31	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	17	1	instead	instead	ADV
spir-11119	17	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	17	3	they	they	PRON
spir-11119	17	4	draw	draw	VERB
spir-11119	17	5	on	on	ADP
spir-11119	17	6	long	long	ADJ
spir-11119	17	7	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	17	8	term	term	NOUN
spir-11119	17	9	fieldwork	fieldwork	NOUN
spir-11119	17	10	within	within	ADP
spir-11119	17	11	communities	community	NOUN
spir-11119	17	12	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	17	13	sectors	sector	NOUN
spir-11119	17	14	that	that	DET
spir-11119	17	15	experiment	experiment	NOUN
spir-11119	17	16	with	with	ADP
spir-11119	17	17	locally	locally	ADV
spir-11119	17	18	owned	own	VERB
spir-11119	17	19	/	/	SYM
spir-11119	17	20	governed	govern	VERB
spir-11119	17	21	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	17	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	17	23	offering	offer	VERB
spir-11119	17	24	new	new	ADJ
spir-11119	17	25	ways	way	NOUN
spir-11119	17	26	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	17	27	dealing	deal	VERB
spir-11119	17	28	with	with	ADP
spir-11119	17	29	questions	question	NOUN
spir-11119	17	30	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	17	31	labour	labour	NOUN
spir-11119	17	32	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	17	33	welfare	welfare	NOUN
spir-11119	17	34	under	under	ADP
spir-11119	17	35	“	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	17	36	actually	actually	ADV
spir-11119	17	37	existing	exist	VERB
spir-11119	17	38	platformization	platformization	NOUN
spir-11119	17	39	”	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	17	40	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	18	1	the	the	DET
spir-11119	18	2	third	third	ADJ
spir-11119	18	3	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-11119	18	4	explores	explore	NOUN
spir-11119	18	5	further	far	ADV
spir-11119	18	6	the	the	DET
spir-11119	18	7	lesson	lesson	NOUN
spir-11119	18	8	learned	learn	VERB
spir-11119	18	9	from	from	ADP
spir-11119	18	10	local	local	ADJ
spir-11119	18	11	governance	governance	NOUN
spir-11119	18	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	18	13	emphatically	emphatically	ADV
spir-11119	18	14	bringing	bring	VERB
spir-11119	18	15	the	the	DET
spir-11119	18	16	spatial	spatial	ADJ
spir-11119	18	17	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	18	18	urban	urban	ADJ
spir-11119	18	19	back	back	ADV
spir-11119	18	20	into	into	ADP
spir-11119	18	21	question	question	NOUN
spir-11119	18	22	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	18	23	governance	governance	NOUN
spir-11119	18	24	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	19	1	by	by	ADP
spir-11119	19	2	looking	look	VERB
spir-11119	19	3	at	at	ADP
spir-11119	19	4	the	the	DET
spir-11119	19	5	telephone	telephone	NOUN
spir-11119	19	6	as	as	ADP
spir-11119	19	7	its	its	PRON
spir-11119	19	8	virtual	virtual	ADJ
spir-11119	19	9	event	event	NOUN
spir-11119	19	10	/	/	PUNCT
spir-11119	19	11	27	27	NUM
spir-11119	19	12	-	-	SYM
spir-11119	19	13	31	31	NUM
spir-11119	19	14	october	october	PROPN
spir-11119	19	15	2020	2020	NUM
spir-11119	19	16	central	central	ADJ
spir-11119	19	17	case	case	NOUN
spir-11119	19	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	19	19	it	it	PRON
spir-11119	19	20	unpacks	unpack	VERB
spir-11119	19	21	the	the	DET
spir-11119	19	22	multi	multi	ADJ
spir-11119	19	23	-	-	ADJ
spir-11119	19	24	stakeholder	stakeholder	ADJ
spir-11119	19	25	tangle	tangle	NOUN
spir-11119	19	26	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	19	27	ownership	ownership	NOUN
spir-11119	19	28	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	19	29	value	value	NOUN
spir-11119	19	30	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	19	31	urban	urban	ADJ
spir-11119	19	32	spaces	space	NOUN
spir-11119	19	33	to	to	PART
spir-11119	19	34	offer	offer	VERB
spir-11119	19	35	a	a	DET
spir-11119	19	36	role	role	NOUN
spir-11119	19	37	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	19	38	citizens	citizen	NOUN
spir-11119	19	39	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	19	40	technological	technological	ADJ
spir-11119	19	41	governance	governance	NOUN
spir-11119	19	42	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	19	43	which	which	PRON
spir-11119	19	44	the	the	DET
spir-11119	19	45	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	19	46	discourse	discourse	NOUN
spir-11119	19	47	seemingly	seemingly	ADV
spir-11119	19	48	excludes	exclude	VERB
spir-11119	19	49	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	20	1	finally	finally	ADV
spir-11119	20	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	20	3	the	the	DET
spir-11119	20	4	last	last	ADJ
spir-11119	20	5	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-11119	20	6	reflects	reflect	VERB
spir-11119	20	7	on	on	ADP
spir-11119	20	8	some	some	PRON
spir-11119	20	9	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	20	10	the	the	DET
spir-11119	20	11	points	point	NOUN
spir-11119	20	12	raised	raise	VERB
spir-11119	20	13	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	20	14	the	the	DET
spir-11119	20	15	previous	previous	ADJ
spir-11119	20	16	papers	paper	NOUN
spir-11119	20	17	to	to	PART
spir-11119	20	18	envision	envision	VERB
spir-11119	20	19	centralised	centralised	ADJ
spir-11119	20	20	decision	decision	NOUN
spir-11119	20	21	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	20	22	making	making	NOUN
spir-11119	20	23	as	as	ADP
spir-11119	20	24	a	a	DET
spir-11119	20	25	potential	potential	ADJ
spir-11119	20	26	way	way	NOUN
spir-11119	20	27	forward	forward	ADV
spir-11119	20	28	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	21	1	it	it	PRON
spir-11119	21	2	re	re	VERB
spir-11119	21	3	-	-	NOUN
spir-11119	21	4	visits	visit	VERB
spir-11119	21	5	the	the	DET
spir-11119	21	6	socialist	socialist	ADJ
spir-11119	21	7	calculation	calculation	NOUN
spir-11119	21	8	debate	debate	NOUN
spir-11119	21	9	–	–	PUNCT
spir-11119	21	10	on	on	ADP
spir-11119	21	11	whether	whether	SCONJ
spir-11119	21	12	centralised	centralised	ADJ
spir-11119	21	13	planning	planning	NOUN
spir-11119	21	14	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	21	15	a	a	DET
spir-11119	21	16	viable	viable	ADJ
spir-11119	21	17	market	market	NOUN
spir-11119	21	18	alternative	alternative	NOUN
spir-11119	21	19	to	to	AUX
spir-11119	21	20	re	re	VERB
spir-11119	21	21	-	-	NOUN
spir-11119	21	22	envision	envision	NOUN
spir-11119	21	23	uber	uber	NOUN
spir-11119	21	24	’s	’s	PART
spir-11119	21	25	price	price	NOUN
spir-11119	21	26	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	21	27	surge	surge	NOUN
spir-11119	21	28	technique	technique	NOUN
spir-11119	21	29	as	as	ADP
spir-11119	21	30	a	a	DET
spir-11119	21	31	template	template	NOUN
spir-11119	21	32	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	21	33	non	non	ADJ
spir-11119	21	34	-	-	ADJ
spir-11119	21	35	market	market	ADJ
spir-11119	21	36	decision	decision	NOUN
spir-11119	21	37	making	make	VERB
spir-11119	21	38	mechanism	mechanism	NOUN
spir-11119	21	39	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	21	40	where	where	SCONJ
spir-11119	21	41	local	local	ADJ
spir-11119	21	42	stakeholders	stakeholder	NOUN
spir-11119	21	43	incentivise	incentivise	VERB
spir-11119	21	44	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	21	45	to	to	PART
spir-11119	21	46	incorporate	incorporate	VERB
spir-11119	21	47	communal	communal	ADJ
spir-11119	21	48	values	value	NOUN
spir-11119	21	49	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	22	1	the	the	DET
spir-11119	22	2	panel	panel	NOUN
spir-11119	22	3	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	22	4	intended	intend	VERB
spir-11119	22	5	as	as	ADP
spir-11119	22	6	a	a	DET
spir-11119	22	7	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
spir-11119	22	8	component	component	NOUN
spir-11119	22	9	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	22	10	a	a	DET
spir-11119	22	11	pre	pre	ADJ
spir-11119	22	12	-	-	NOUN
spir-11119	22	13	conference	conference	ADJ
spir-11119	22	14	workshop	workshop	NOUN
spir-11119	22	15	within	within	ADP
spir-11119	22	16	aoir	aoir	NOUN
spir-11119	22	17	2020	2020	NUM
spir-11119	22	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	22	19	that	that	PRON
spir-11119	22	20	seeks	seek	VERB
spir-11119	22	21	participants	participant	NOUN
spir-11119	22	22	who	who	PRON
spir-11119	22	23	have	have	VERB
spir-11119	22	24	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	22	25	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	22	26	desire	desire	NOUN
spir-11119	22	27	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	22	28	practical	practical	ADJ
spir-11119	22	29	experience	experience	NOUN
spir-11119	22	30	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	22	31	developing	develop	VERB
spir-11119	22	32	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	22	33	trialling	trialling	NOUN
spir-11119	22	34	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	22	35	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	22	36	implementing	implement	VERB
spir-11119	22	37	such	such	ADJ
spir-11119	22	38	approaches	approach	NOUN
spir-11119	22	39	at	at	ADP
spir-11119	22	40	a	a	DET
spir-11119	22	41	variety	variety	NOUN
spir-11119	22	42	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	22	43	scales	scale	NOUN
spir-11119	22	44	–	–	PUNCT
spir-11119	22	45	but	but	CCONJ
spir-11119	22	46	particularly	particularly	ADV
spir-11119	22	47	from	from	ADP
spir-11119	22	48	the	the	DET
spir-11119	22	49	regional	regional	ADJ
spir-11119	22	50	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	22	51	state	state	NOUN
spir-11119	22	52	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	22	53	interurban	interurban	PROPN
spir-11119	22	54	etc	etc	X
spir-11119	22	55	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	22	56	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	22	57	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	22	58	the	the	DET
spir-11119	22	59	local	local	ADJ
spir-11119	22	60	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	22	61	municipality	municipality	NOUN
spir-11119	22	62	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	22	63	town	town	NOUN
spir-11119	22	64	etc	etc	X
spir-11119	22	65	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	22	66	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	23	1	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	23	2	down	down	ADP
spir-11119	23	3	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	23	4	the	the	DET
spir-11119	23	5	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	23	6	hyper	hyper	ADJ
spir-11119	23	7	-	-	ADJ
spir-11119	23	8	local	local	ADJ
spir-11119	23	9	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	23	10	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	23	11	company	company	NOUN
spir-11119	23	12	facility	facility	NOUN
spir-11119	23	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	23	14	airport	airport	NOUN
spir-11119	23	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	23	16	university	university	NOUN
spir-11119	23	17	campus	campus	NOUN
spir-11119	23	18	etc	etc	X
spir-11119	23	19	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	23	20	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	23	21	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	24	1	the	the	DET
spir-11119	24	2	panel	panel	NOUN
spir-11119	24	3	thus	thus	ADV
spir-11119	24	4	builds	build	VERB
spir-11119	24	5	on	on	ADP
spir-11119	24	6	the	the	DET
spir-11119	24	7	case	case	NOUN
spir-11119	24	8	studies	study	NOUN
spir-11119	24	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	24	10	participant	participant	ADJ
spir-11119	24	11	experiences	experience	NOUN
spir-11119	24	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	24	13	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	24	14	warnings	warning	NOUN
spir-11119	24	15	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	24	16	the	the	DET
spir-11119	24	17	workshop	workshop	NOUN
spir-11119	24	18	to	to	PART
spir-11119	24	19	suggest	suggest	VERB
spir-11119	24	20	conceptual	conceptual	ADJ
spir-11119	24	21	pathways	pathway	NOUN
spir-11119	24	22	into	into	ADP
spir-11119	24	23	re	re	NOUN
spir-11119	24	24	-	-	NOUN
spir-11119	24	25	thinking	thinking	ADJ
spir-11119	24	26	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	24	27	re	re	ADJ
spir-11119	24	28	-	-	ADJ
spir-11119	24	29	working	working	ADJ
spir-11119	24	30	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	24	31	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	24	32	the	the	DET
spir-11119	24	33	public	public	ADJ
spir-11119	24	34	value	value	NOUN
spir-11119	24	35	contained	contain	VERB
spir-11119	24	36	therein	therein	ADV
spir-11119	24	37	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	25	1	references	reference	NOUN
spir-11119	25	2	galloway	galloway	PROPN
spir-11119	25	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	25	4	a.	a.	PROPN
spir-11119	25	5	r.	r.	PROPN
spir-11119	25	6	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	25	7	2004	2004	NUM
spir-11119	25	8	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	25	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	26	1	protocol	protocol	NOUN
spir-11119	26	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	26	3	how	how	SCONJ
spir-11119	26	4	control	control	NOUN
spir-11119	26	5	exists	exist	VERB
spir-11119	26	6	after	after	ADP
spir-11119	26	7	decentralization	decentralization	NOUN
spir-11119	26	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	27	1	mit	mit	PROPN
spir-11119	27	2	press	press	PROPN
spir-11119	27	3	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	28	1	winner	winner	NOUN
spir-11119	28	2	takes	take	VERB
spir-11119	28	3	all	all	PRON
spir-11119	28	4	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	28	5	why	why	SCONJ
spir-11119	28	6	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	28	7	it	it	PRON
spir-11119	28	8	so	so	ADV
spir-11119	28	9	difficult	difficult	ADJ
spir-11119	28	10	to	to	PART
spir-11119	28	11	develop	develop	VERB
spir-11119	28	12	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
spir-11119	28	13	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
spir-11119	28	14	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	28	15	dominant	dominant	ADJ
spir-11119	28	16	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	28	17	?	?	PUNCT
spir-11119	29	1	thomas	thomas	PROPN
spir-11119	29	2	poell	poell	PROPN
spir-11119	29	3	university	university	PROPN
spir-11119	29	4	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	29	5	amsterdam	amsterdam	PROPN
spir-11119	29	6	david	david	PROPN
spir-11119	29	7	nieborg	nieborg	PROPN
spir-11119	29	8	university	university	PROPN
spir-11119	29	9	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	29	10	toronto	toronto	PROPN
spir-11119	29	11	introduction	introduction	NOUN
spir-11119	29	12	with	with	ADP
spir-11119	29	13	few	few	ADJ
spir-11119	29	14	exceptions	exception	NOUN
spir-11119	29	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	29	16	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	29	17	ecosystems	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-11119	29	18	are	be	AUX
spir-11119	29	19	highly	highly	ADV
spir-11119	29	20	concentrated	concentrated	ADJ
spir-11119	29	21	markets	market	NOUN
spir-11119	29	22	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	30	1	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	30	2	the	the	DET
spir-11119	30	3	west	west	NOUN
spir-11119	30	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	30	5	us	us	PROPN
spir-11119	30	6	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	30	7	based	base	VERB
spir-11119	30	8	companies	company	NOUN
spir-11119	30	9	—	—	PUNCT
spir-11119	30	10	alphabet	alphabet	NOUN
spir-11119	30	11	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	30	12	google	google	PROPN
spir-11119	30	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	30	14	apple	apple	NOUN
spir-11119	30	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	30	16	facebook	facebook	NOUN
spir-11119	30	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	30	18	amazon	amazon	NOUN
spir-11119	30	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	30	20	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	30	21	microsoft	microsoft	PROPN
spir-11119	30	22	—	—	PUNCT
spir-11119	30	23	manage	manage	VERB
spir-11119	30	24	their	their	PRON
spir-11119	30	25	own	own	ADJ
spir-11119	30	26	ecosystems	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-11119	30	27	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	30	28	have	have	AUX
spir-11119	30	29	made	make	VERB
spir-11119	30	30	inroads	inroad	NOUN
spir-11119	30	31	into	into	ADP
spir-11119	30	32	controlling	control	VERB
spir-11119	30	33	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	30	34	shaping	shape	VERB
spir-11119	30	35	the	the	DET
spir-11119	30	36	global	global	ADJ
spir-11119	30	37	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-11119	30	38	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-11119	30	39	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	30	40	couldry	couldry	NOUN
spir-11119	30	41	&	&	CCONJ
spir-11119	30	42	mejias	mejia	NOUN
spir-11119	30	43	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	30	44	;	;	PUNCT
spir-11119	30	45	srnicek	srnicek	NOUN
spir-11119	30	46	2017	2017	NUM
spir-11119	30	47	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	30	48	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	31	1	as	as	ADP
spir-11119	31	2	a	a	DET
spir-11119	31	3	result	result	NOUN
spir-11119	31	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	31	5	these	these	DET
spir-11119	31	6	companies	company	NOUN
spir-11119	31	7	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
spir-11119	31	8	steer	steer	VERB
spir-11119	31	9	the	the	DET
spir-11119	31	10	flow	flow	NOUN
spir-11119	31	11	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	31	12	public	public	ADJ
spir-11119	31	13	information	information	NOUN
spir-11119	31	14	while	while	SCONJ
spir-11119	31	15	disrupting	disrupt	VERB
spir-11119	31	16	vital	vital	ADJ
spir-11119	31	17	institutions	institution	NOUN
spir-11119	31	18	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	31	19	industry	industry	NOUN
spir-11119	31	20	sectors	sector	NOUN
spir-11119	31	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	31	22	including	include	VERB
spir-11119	31	23	education	education	NOUN
spir-11119	31	24	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	31	25	health	health	NOUN
spir-11119	31	26	care	care	NOUN
spir-11119	31	27	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	31	28	journalism	journalism	NOUN
spir-11119	31	29	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	31	30	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	31	31	transportation	transportation	NOUN
spir-11119	31	32	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	32	1	this	this	DET
spir-11119	32	2	conflicts	conflict	NOUN
spir-11119	32	3	with	with	ADP
spir-11119	32	4	key	key	ADJ
spir-11119	32	5	public	public	ADJ
spir-11119	32	6	values	value	NOUN
spir-11119	32	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	32	8	undermining	undermine	VERB
spir-11119	32	9	socio	socio	NOUN
spir-11119	32	10	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	32	11	economic	economic	ADJ
spir-11119	32	12	equality	equality	NOUN
spir-11119	32	13	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	32	14	democratic	democratic	ADJ
spir-11119	32	15	processes	process	NOUN
spir-11119	32	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	32	17	as	as	ADV
spir-11119	32	18	well	well	ADV
spir-11119	32	19	as	as	ADP
spir-11119	32	20	the	the	DET
spir-11119	32	21	quality	quality	NOUN
spir-11119	32	22	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	32	23	public	public	ADJ
spir-11119	32	24	services	service	NOUN
spir-11119	32	25	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	32	26	van	van	PROPN
spir-11119	32	27	dijck	dijck	NOUN
spir-11119	32	28	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	32	29	poell	poell	NOUN
spir-11119	32	30	&	&	CCONJ
spir-11119	32	31	de	de	PROPN
spir-11119	32	32	waal	waal	PROPN
spir-11119	32	33	2018	2018	NUM
spir-11119	32	34	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	32	35	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	33	1	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	33	2	the	the	DET
spir-11119	33	3	light	light	NOUN
spir-11119	33	4	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	33	5	these	these	DET
spir-11119	33	6	challenges	challenge	NOUN
spir-11119	33	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	33	8	there	there	PRON
spir-11119	33	9	is	be	VERB
spir-11119	33	10	a	a	DET
spir-11119	33	11	strong	strong	ADJ
spir-11119	33	12	need	need	NOUN
spir-11119	33	13	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	33	14	local	local	ADJ
spir-11119	33	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	33	16	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	33	17	commons	common	NOUN
spir-11119	33	18	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	33	19	based	base	VERB
spir-11119	33	20	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	33	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	33	22	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	33	23	non	non	ADJ
spir-11119	33	24	-	-	ADJ
spir-11119	33	25	proprietary	proprietary	ADJ
spir-11119	33	26	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	33	27	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
spir-11119	33	28	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	33	29	dominant	dominant	ADJ
spir-11119	33	30	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	33	31	corporations	corporation	NOUN
spir-11119	33	32	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	33	33	benkler	benkler	NOUN
spir-11119	33	34	2006	2006	NUM
spir-11119	33	35	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	33	36	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	34	1	ideally	ideally	ADV
spir-11119	34	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	34	3	such	such	ADJ
spir-11119	34	4	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
spir-11119	34	5	have	have	VERB
spir-11119	34	6	a	a	DET
spir-11119	34	7	public	public	ADJ
spir-11119	34	8	benefit	benefit	NOUN
spir-11119	34	9	mandate	mandate	NOUN
spir-11119	34	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	34	11	operate	operate	VERB
spir-11119	34	12	outside	outside	ADP
spir-11119	34	13	the	the	DET
spir-11119	34	14	bounds	bound	NOUN
spir-11119	34	15	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	34	16	finance	finance	NOUN
spir-11119	34	17	capital	capital	NOUN
spir-11119	34	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	34	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	34	20	function	function	VERB
spir-11119	34	21	akin	akin	ADJ
spir-11119	34	22	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	34	23	public	public	ADJ
spir-11119	34	24	utilities	utility	NOUN
spir-11119	34	25	instead	instead	ADV
spir-11119	34	26	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	34	27	controlling	control	VERB
spir-11119	34	28	proprietary	proprietary	ADJ
spir-11119	34	29	data	datum	NOUN
spir-11119	34	30	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-11119	34	31	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	35	1	around	around	ADP
spir-11119	35	2	the	the	DET
spir-11119	35	3	globe	globe	NOUN
spir-11119	35	4	there	there	PRON
spir-11119	35	5	have	have	AUX
spir-11119	35	6	been	be	AUX
spir-11119	35	7	a	a	DET
spir-11119	35	8	wide	wide	ADJ
spir-11119	35	9	range	range	NOUN
spir-11119	35	10	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	35	11	efforts	effort	NOUN
spir-11119	35	12	to	to	PART
spir-11119	35	13	develop	develop	VERB
spir-11119	35	14	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
spir-11119	35	15	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	35	16	current	current	ADJ
spir-11119	35	17	manifestations	manifestation	NOUN
spir-11119	35	18	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	35	19	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	35	20	power	power	NOUN
spir-11119	35	21	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	35	22	scholz	scholz	NOUN
spir-11119	35	23	2016	2016	NUM
spir-11119	35	24	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	35	25	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	36	1	important	important	ADJ
spir-11119	36	2	examples	example	NOUN
spir-11119	36	3	are	be	AUX
spir-11119	36	4	the	the	DET
spir-11119	36	5	privacy	privacy	NOUN
spir-11119	36	6	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	36	7	oriented	orient	VERB
spir-11119	36	8	search	search	NOUN
spir-11119	36	9	engine	engine	NOUN
spir-11119	36	10	duckduckgo	duckduckgo	NOUN
spir-11119	36	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	36	12	the	the	DET
spir-11119	36	13	ad	ad	NOUN
spir-11119	36	14	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	36	15	free	free	ADJ
spir-11119	36	16	social	social	ADJ
spir-11119	36	17	network	network	NOUN
spir-11119	36	18	ello	ello	PROPN
spir-11119	36	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	36	20	the	the	DET
spir-11119	36	21	alternative	alternative	ADJ
spir-11119	36	22	software	software	NOUN
spir-11119	36	23	ecosystem	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-11119	36	24	publicspaces	publicspace	VERB
spir-11119	36	25	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	36	26	the	the	DET
spir-11119	36	27	local	local	ADJ
spir-11119	36	28	nonprofit	nonprofit	ADJ
spir-11119	36	29	ridesharing	ridesharing	NOUN
spir-11119	36	30	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	36	31	rideaustin	rideaustin	NOUN
spir-11119	36	32	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	36	33	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	36	34	the	the	DET
spir-11119	36	35	ethical	ethical	ADJ
spir-11119	36	36	holiday	holiday	NOUN
spir-11119	36	37	rental	rental	PROPN
spir-11119	36	38	initiative	initiative	PROPN
spir-11119	36	39	fairbnb.coop	fairbnb.coop	PROPN
spir-11119	36	40	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	37	1	these	these	PRON
spir-11119	37	2	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	37	3	many	many	ADJ
spir-11119	37	4	other	other	ADJ
spir-11119	37	5	non	non	ADJ
spir-11119	37	6	-	-	ADJ
spir-11119	37	7	profit	profit	ADJ
spir-11119	37	8	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	37	9	provide	provide	VERB
spir-11119	37	10	viable	viable	ADJ
spir-11119	37	11	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
spir-11119	37	12	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	37	13	the	the	DET
spir-11119	37	14	dominant	dominant	ADJ
spir-11119	37	15	commercial	commercial	ADJ
spir-11119	37	16	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	37	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	38	1	yet	yet	ADV
spir-11119	38	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	38	3	many	many	ADJ
spir-11119	38	4	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	38	5	these	these	DET
spir-11119	38	6	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
spir-11119	38	7	have	have	AUX
spir-11119	38	8	not	not	PART
spir-11119	38	9	been	be	AUX
spir-11119	38	10	able	able	ADJ
spir-11119	38	11	to	to	PART
spir-11119	38	12	scale	scale	VERB
spir-11119	38	13	up	up	ADP
spir-11119	38	14	their	their	PRON
spir-11119	38	15	operations	operation	NOUN
spir-11119	38	16	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	38	17	have	have	AUX
spir-11119	38	18	disappeared	disappear	VERB
spir-11119	38	19	altogether	altogether	ADV
spir-11119	38	20	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	39	1	this	this	DET
spir-11119	39	2	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-11119	39	3	examines	examine	VERB
spir-11119	39	4	why	why	SCONJ
spir-11119	39	5	it	it	PRON
spir-11119	39	6	has	have	AUX
spir-11119	39	7	been	be	AUX
spir-11119	39	8	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	39	9	will	will	AUX
spir-11119	39	10	continue	continue	VERB
spir-11119	39	11	to	to	PART
spir-11119	39	12	be	be	AUX
spir-11119	39	13	difficult	difficult	ADJ
spir-11119	39	14	to	to	PART
spir-11119	39	15	nurture	nurture	VERB
spir-11119	39	16	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
spir-11119	39	17	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
spir-11119	39	18	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	39	19	incumbent	incumbent	ADJ
spir-11119	39	20	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	39	21	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	40	1	building	build	VERB
spir-11119	40	2	on	on	ADP
spir-11119	40	3	research	research	NOUN
spir-11119	40	4	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	40	5	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	40	6	studies	study	NOUN
spir-11119	40	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	40	8	political	political	ADJ
spir-11119	40	9	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-11119	40	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	40	11	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	40	12	business	business	NOUN
spir-11119	40	13	studies	study	NOUN
spir-11119	40	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	40	15	we	we	PRON
spir-11119	40	16	argue	argue	VERB
spir-11119	40	17	that	that	SCONJ
spir-11119	40	18	dominant	dominant	ADJ
spir-11119	40	19	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	40	20	companies	company	NOUN
spir-11119	40	21	benefit	benefit	VERB
spir-11119	40	22	from	from	ADP
spir-11119	40	23	powerful	powerful	ADJ
spir-11119	40	24	network	network	NOUN
spir-11119	40	25	effects	effect	NOUN
spir-11119	40	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	40	27	from	from	ADP
spir-11119	40	28	economies	economy	NOUN
spir-11119	40	29	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	40	30	scale	scale	NOUN
spir-11119	40	31	when	when	SCONJ
spir-11119	40	32	it	it	PRON
spir-11119	40	33	comes	come	VERB
spir-11119	40	34	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	40	35	infrastructural	infrastructural	ADJ
spir-11119	40	36	investments	investment	NOUN
spir-11119	40	37	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	40	38	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	40	39	ready	ready	ADJ
spir-11119	40	40	access	access	NOUN
spir-11119	40	41	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	40	42	finance	finance	NOUN
spir-11119	40	43	capital	capital	NOUN
spir-11119	40	44	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	40	45	constantinides	constantinides	PROPN
spir-11119	40	46	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	40	47	henfridsson	henfridsson	PROPN
spir-11119	40	48	&	&	CCONJ
spir-11119	40	49	parker	parker	PROPN
spir-11119	40	50	2018	2018	NUM
spir-11119	40	51	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	40	52	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	41	1	markets	market	NOUN
spir-11119	41	2	as	as	ADP
spir-11119	41	3	business	business	NOUN
spir-11119	41	4	scholars	scholar	NOUN
spir-11119	41	5	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	41	6	economists	economist	NOUN
spir-11119	41	7	have	have	AUX
spir-11119	41	8	pointed	point	VERB
spir-11119	41	9	out	out	ADP
spir-11119	41	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	41	11	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-11119	41	12	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	41	13	can	can	AUX
spir-11119	41	14	be	be	AUX
spir-11119	41	15	seen	see	VERB
spir-11119	41	16	as	as	ADP
spir-11119	41	17	“	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	41	18	multi	multi	ADJ
spir-11119	41	19	-	-	ADJ
spir-11119	41	20	sided	sided	ADJ
spir-11119	41	21	markets	market	NOUN
spir-11119	41	22	”	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	41	23	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	41	24	which	which	PRON
spir-11119	41	25	mediate	mediate	VERB
spir-11119	41	26	between	between	ADP
spir-11119	41	27	end	end	NOUN
spir-11119	41	28	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	41	29	users	user	NOUN
spir-11119	41	30	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	41	31	a	a	DET
spir-11119	41	32	wide	wide	ADJ
spir-11119	41	33	variety	variety	NOUN
spir-11119	41	34	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	41	35	“	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	41	36	complementors	complementor	NOUN
spir-11119	41	37	”	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	41	38	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	41	39	third	third	ADJ
spir-11119	41	40	parties	party	NOUN
spir-11119	41	41	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	41	42	including	include	VERB
spir-11119	41	43	content	content	NOUN
spir-11119	41	44	producers	producer	NOUN
spir-11119	41	45	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	41	46	service	service	NOUN
spir-11119	41	47	providers	provider	NOUN
spir-11119	41	48	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	41	49	advertisers	advertiser	NOUN
spir-11119	41	50	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	41	51	data	datum	NOUN
spir-11119	41	52	intermediaries	intermediary	NOUN
spir-11119	41	53	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	41	54	etc	etc	X
spir-11119	41	55	.	.	X
spir-11119	42	1	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	42	2	constantinides	constantinide	VERB
spir-11119	42	3	et	et	PROPN
spir-11119	42	4	al	al	PROPN
spir-11119	42	5	2018	2018	NUM
spir-11119	42	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	42	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	43	1	such	such	ADJ
spir-11119	43	2	markets	market	NOUN
spir-11119	43	3	are	be	AUX
spir-11119	43	4	subject	subject	ADJ
spir-11119	43	5	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	43	6	powerful	powerful	ADJ
spir-11119	43	7	network	network	NOUN
spir-11119	43	8	externalities	externality	NOUN
spir-11119	43	9	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	43	10	effects	effect	NOUN
spir-11119	43	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	43	12	which	which	PRON
spir-11119	43	13	assume	assume	VERB
spir-11119	43	14	that	that	SCONJ
spir-11119	43	15	the	the	DET
spir-11119	43	16	value	value	NOUN
spir-11119	43	17	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	43	18	one	one	NUM
spir-11119	43	19	side	side	NOUN
spir-11119	43	20	increases	increase	NOUN
spir-11119	43	21	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	43	22	direct	direct	ADJ
spir-11119	43	23	effects	effect	NOUN
spir-11119	43	24	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	43	25	when	when	SCONJ
spir-11119	43	26	additional	additional	ADJ
spir-11119	43	27	actors	actor	NOUN
spir-11119	43	28	join	join	VERB
spir-11119	43	29	the	the	DET
spir-11119	43	30	network	network	NOUN
spir-11119	43	31	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	43	32	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	43	33	increases	increase	VERB
spir-11119	43	34	the	the	DET
spir-11119	43	35	value	value	NOUN
spir-11119	43	36	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	43	37	the	the	DET
spir-11119	43	38	other	other	ADJ
spir-11119	43	39	side	side	NOUN
spir-11119	43	40	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	43	41	the	the	DET
spir-11119	43	42	market	market	NOUN
spir-11119	43	43	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	43	44	indirect	indirect	ADJ
spir-11119	43	45	effects	effect	NOUN
spir-11119	43	46	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	43	47	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	44	1	indirect	indirect	ADJ
spir-11119	44	2	effects	effect	NOUN
spir-11119	44	3	are	be	AUX
spir-11119	44	4	a	a	DET
spir-11119	44	5	unique	unique	ADJ
spir-11119	44	6	property	property	NOUN
spir-11119	44	7	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	44	8	multi	multi	ADJ
spir-11119	44	9	-	-	ADJ
spir-11119	44	10	sided	sided	ADJ
spir-11119	44	11	markets	market	NOUN
spir-11119	44	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	45	1	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	45	2	example	example	NOUN
spir-11119	45	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	45	4	the	the	PRON
spir-11119	45	5	more	more	ADJ
spir-11119	45	6	drivers	driver	NOUN
spir-11119	45	7	join	join	VERB
spir-11119	45	8	a	a	DET
spir-11119	45	9	ride	ride	NOUN
spir-11119	45	10	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	45	11	hailing	hail	VERB
spir-11119	45	12	service	service	NOUN
spir-11119	45	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	45	14	such	such	ADJ
spir-11119	45	15	as	as	ADP
spir-11119	45	16	uber	uber	ADJ
spir-11119	45	17	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	45	18	lyft	lyft	NOUN
spir-11119	45	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	45	20	the	the	PRON
spir-11119	45	21	more	more	ADV
spir-11119	45	22	attractive	attractive	ADJ
spir-11119	45	23	the	the	DET
spir-11119	45	24	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	45	25	becomes	become	VERB
spir-11119	45	26	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	45	27	riders	rider	NOUN
spir-11119	45	28	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	45	29	who	who	PRON
spir-11119	45	30	will	will	AUX
spir-11119	45	31	have	have	VERB
spir-11119	45	32	near	near	ADJ
spir-11119	45	33	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	45	34	instant	instant	NOUN
spir-11119	45	35	access	access	NOUN
spir-11119	45	36	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	45	37	their	their	PRON
spir-11119	45	38	next	next	ADJ
spir-11119	45	39	ride	ride	NOUN
spir-11119	45	40	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	46	1	consequently	consequently	ADV
spir-11119	46	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	46	3	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	46	4	market	market	NOUN
spir-11119	46	5	sectors	sector	NOUN
spir-11119	46	6	that	that	PRON
spir-11119	46	7	benefit	benefit	VERB
spir-11119	46	8	from	from	ADP
spir-11119	46	9	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-11119	46	10	connectivity	connectivity	NOUN
spir-11119	46	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	46	12	such	such	ADJ
spir-11119	46	13	as	as	ADP
spir-11119	46	14	ride	ride	NOUN
spir-11119	46	15	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	46	16	hailing	hail	VERB
spir-11119	46	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	46	18	hospitality	hospitality	NOUN
spir-11119	46	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	46	20	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	46	21	virtually	virtually	ADV
spir-11119	46	22	every	every	PRON
spir-11119	46	23	sector	sector	NOUN
spir-11119	46	24	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	46	25	the	the	DET
spir-11119	46	26	cultural	cultural	ADJ
spir-11119	46	27	industries	industry	NOUN
spir-11119	46	28	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	46	29	network	network	NOUN
spir-11119	46	30	effects	effect	NOUN
spir-11119	46	31	are	be	AUX
spir-11119	46	32	particularly	particularly	ADV
spir-11119	46	33	strong	strong	ADJ
spir-11119	46	34	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	46	35	crowding	crowd	VERB
spir-11119	46	36	out	out	ADP
spir-11119	46	37	competitions	competition	NOUN
spir-11119	46	38	as	as	ADP
spir-11119	46	39	a	a	DET
spir-11119	46	40	result	result	NOUN
spir-11119	46	41	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	47	1	while	while	SCONJ
spir-11119	47	2	these	these	DET
spir-11119	47	3	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
spir-11119	47	4	inherently	inherently	ADV
spir-11119	47	5	benefit	benefit	VERB
spir-11119	47	6	incumbents	incumbent	NOUN
spir-11119	47	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	47	8	they	they	PRON
spir-11119	47	9	do	do	AUX
spir-11119	47	10	not	not	PART
spir-11119	47	11	necessarily	necessarily	ADV
spir-11119	47	12	preclude	preclude	VERB
spir-11119	47	13	alternative	alternative	ADJ
spir-11119	47	14	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	47	15	to	to	PART
spir-11119	47	16	enter	enter	VERB
spir-11119	47	17	a	a	DET
spir-11119	47	18	market	market	NOUN
spir-11119	47	19	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	47	20	from	from	ADP
spir-11119	47	21	attracting	attract	VERB
spir-11119	47	22	endusers	enduser	NOUN
spir-11119	47	23	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	47	24	complementors	complementor	NOUN
spir-11119	47	25	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	48	1	that	that	PRON
spir-11119	48	2	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	48	3	to	to	PART
spir-11119	48	4	say	say	VERB
spir-11119	48	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	48	6	network	network	NOUN
spir-11119	48	7	effects	effect	NOUN
spir-11119	48	8	may	may	AUX
spir-11119	48	9	equally	equally	ADV
spir-11119	48	10	benefit	benefit	VERB
spir-11119	48	11	commons	common	NOUN
spir-11119	48	12	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	48	13	based	base	VERB
spir-11119	48	14	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
spir-11119	48	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	48	16	such	such	ADJ
spir-11119	48	17	as	as	ADP
spir-11119	48	18	wikipedia	wikipedia	PROPN
spir-11119	48	19	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	48	20	similar	similar	ADJ
spir-11119	48	21	decentralized	decentralize	VERB
spir-11119	48	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	48	23	peerproduced	peerproduce	VERB
spir-11119	48	24	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	48	25	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	49	1	the	the	DET
spir-11119	49	2	challenges	challenge	NOUN
spir-11119	49	3	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	49	4	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
spir-11119	49	5	only	only	ADV
spir-11119	49	6	become	become	VERB
spir-11119	49	7	fully	fully	ADV
spir-11119	49	8	apparent	apparent	ADJ
spir-11119	49	9	when	when	SCONJ
spir-11119	49	10	looking	look	VERB
spir-11119	49	11	at	at	ADP
spir-11119	49	12	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-11119	49	13	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	49	14	finance	finance	NOUN
spir-11119	49	15	capital	capital	NOUN
spir-11119	49	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	50	1	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-11119	50	2	recent	recent	ADJ
spir-11119	50	3	work	work	NOUN
spir-11119	50	4	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	50	5	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	50	6	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	50	7	software	software	NOUN
spir-11119	50	8	studies	study	NOUN
spir-11119	50	9	has	have	AUX
spir-11119	50	10	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
spir-11119	50	11	that	that	SCONJ
spir-11119	50	12	dominant	dominant	ADJ
spir-11119	50	13	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	50	14	companies	company	NOUN
spir-11119	50	15	are	be	AUX
spir-11119	50	16	evolving	evolve	VERB
spir-11119	50	17	into	into	ADP
spir-11119	50	18	large	large	ADJ
spir-11119	50	19	scale	scale	NOUN
spir-11119	50	20	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-11119	50	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	50	22	which	which	PRON
spir-11119	50	23	require	require	VERB
spir-11119	50	24	institutional	institutional	ADJ
spir-11119	50	25	actors	actor	NOUN
spir-11119	50	26	to	to	PART
spir-11119	50	27	operate	operate	VERB
spir-11119	50	28	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	50	29	corporate	corporate	ADJ
spir-11119	50	30	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	50	31	owned	own	VERB
spir-11119	50	32	ecosystems	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-11119	50	33	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	50	34	van	van	PROPN
spir-11119	50	35	dijck	dijck	NOUN
spir-11119	50	36	et	et	PROPN
spir-11119	50	37	al	al	PROPN
spir-11119	50	38	.	.	PROPN
spir-11119	50	39	2018	2018	NUM
spir-11119	50	40	;	;	PUNCT
spir-11119	50	41	plantin	plantin	PROPN
spir-11119	50	42	et	et	PROPN
spir-11119	50	43	al	al	PROPN
spir-11119	50	44	.	.	PROPN
spir-11119	50	45	2018	2018	NUM
spir-11119	50	46	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	50	47	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	51	1	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	51	2	example	example	NOUN
spir-11119	51	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	51	4	login	login	NOUN
spir-11119	51	5	functionalities	functionality	NOUN
spir-11119	51	6	provided	provide	VERB
spir-11119	51	7	by	by	ADP
spir-11119	51	8	facebook	facebook	NOUN
spir-11119	51	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	51	10	google	google	PROPN
spir-11119	51	11	have	have	AUX
spir-11119	51	12	become	become	VERB
spir-11119	51	13	key	key	ADJ
spir-11119	51	14	modes	mode	NOUN
spir-11119	51	15	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	51	16	identification	identification	NOUN
spir-11119	51	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	51	18	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	51	19	data	datum	NOUN
spir-11119	51	20	analytics	analytic	NOUN
spir-11119	51	21	are	be	AUX
spir-11119	51	22	essential	essential	ADJ
spir-11119	51	23	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	51	24	targeting	target	VERB
spir-11119	51	25	end	end	NOUN
spir-11119	51	26	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	51	27	users	user	NOUN
spir-11119	51	28	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	51	29	while	while	SCONJ
spir-11119	51	30	cloud	cloud	ADJ
spir-11119	51	31	hosting	host	VERB
spir-11119	51	32	by	by	ADP
spir-11119	51	33	amazon	amazon	PROPN
spir-11119	51	34	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	51	35	microsoft	microsoft	PROPN
spir-11119	51	36	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	51	37	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	51	38	google	google	PROPN
spir-11119	51	39	have	have	AUX
spir-11119	51	40	become	become	VERB
spir-11119	51	41	indispensable	indispensable	ADJ
spir-11119	51	42	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	51	43	offering	offer	VERB
spir-11119	51	44	online	online	ADJ
spir-11119	51	45	content	content	NOUN
spir-11119	51	46	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	51	47	services	service	NOUN
spir-11119	51	48	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	52	1	operating	operate	VERB
spir-11119	52	2	under	under	ADP
spir-11119	52	3	a	a	DET
spir-11119	52	4	unified	unified	ADJ
spir-11119	52	5	corporate	corporate	ADJ
spir-11119	52	6	umbrella	umbrella	NOUN
spir-11119	52	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	52	8	leading	lead	VERB
spir-11119	52	9	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	52	10	companies	company	NOUN
spir-11119	52	11	operate	operate	VERB
spir-11119	52	12	a	a	DET
spir-11119	52	13	range	range	NOUN
spir-11119	52	14	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	52	15	such	such	ADJ
spir-11119	52	16	interrelated	interrelated	ADJ
spir-11119	52	17	services	service	NOUN
spir-11119	52	18	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	53	1	because	because	SCONJ
spir-11119	53	2	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	53	3	their	their	PRON
spir-11119	53	4	ubiquity	ubiquity	NOUN
spir-11119	53	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	53	6	their	their	PRON
spir-11119	53	7	accessibility	accessibility	NOUN
spir-11119	53	8	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	53	9	terms	term	NOUN
spir-11119	53	10	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	53	11	economic	economic	ADJ
spir-11119	53	12	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	53	13	transaction	transaction	NOUN
spir-11119	53	14	costs	cost	NOUN
spir-11119	53	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	53	16	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	53	17	a	a	DET
spir-11119	53	18	general	general	ADJ
spir-11119	53	19	lack	lack	NOUN
spir-11119	53	20	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	53	21	non	non	ADJ
spir-11119	53	22	-	-	ADJ
spir-11119	53	23	proprietary	proprietary	ADJ
spir-11119	53	24	substitutes	substitute	NOUN
spir-11119	53	25	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	53	26	alternative	alternative	ADJ
spir-11119	53	27	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	53	28	are	be	AUX
spir-11119	53	29	inevitably	inevitably	ADV
spir-11119	53	30	drawn	draw	VERB
spir-11119	53	31	into	into	ADP
spir-11119	53	32	incumbent	incumbent	ADJ
spir-11119	53	33	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	53	34	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-11119	53	35	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	54	1	this	this	PRON
spir-11119	54	2	has	have	VERB
spir-11119	54	3	major	major	ADJ
spir-11119	54	4	implications	implication	NOUN
spir-11119	54	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	55	1	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	55	2	services	service	NOUN
spir-11119	55	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	55	4	from	from	ADP
spir-11119	55	5	data	data	NOUN
spir-11119	55	6	analytics	analytic	NOUN
spir-11119	55	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	55	8	login	login	NOUN
spir-11119	55	9	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	55	10	app	app	NOUN
spir-11119	55	11	stores	store	NOUN
spir-11119	55	12	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	55	13	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-11119	55	14	hosting	host	VERB
spir-11119	55	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	55	16	have	have	VERB
spir-11119	55	17	commercial	commercial	ADJ
spir-11119	55	18	values	value	NOUN
spir-11119	55	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	55	20	objectives	objective	NOUN
spir-11119	55	21	baked	bake	VERB
spir-11119	55	22	into	into	ADP
spir-11119	55	23	them	they	PRON
spir-11119	55	24	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	55	25	fundamentally	fundamentally	ADV
spir-11119	55	26	shaping	shape	VERB
spir-11119	55	27	how	how	SCONJ
spir-11119	55	28	alternative	alternative	ADJ
spir-11119	55	29	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	55	30	can	can	AUX
spir-11119	55	31	operate	operate	VERB
spir-11119	55	32	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	56	1	as	as	SCONJ
spir-11119	56	2	research	research	NOUN
spir-11119	56	3	on	on	ADP
spir-11119	56	4	civic	civic	ADJ
spir-11119	56	5	engagement	engagement	NOUN
spir-11119	56	6	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	56	7	activism	activism	NOUN
spir-11119	56	8	has	have	AUX
spir-11119	56	9	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
spir-11119	56	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	56	11	commercial	commercial	ADJ
spir-11119	56	12	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	56	13	architectures	architecture	NOUN
spir-11119	56	14	tend	tend	VERB
spir-11119	56	15	to	to	PART
spir-11119	56	16	sit	sit	VERB
spir-11119	56	17	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	56	18	tension	tension	NOUN
spir-11119	56	19	with	with	ADP
spir-11119	56	20	the	the	DET
spir-11119	56	21	objectives	objective	NOUN
spir-11119	56	22	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	56	23	values	value	NOUN
spir-11119	56	24	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	56	25	alternative	alternative	ADJ
spir-11119	56	26	projects	project	NOUN
spir-11119	56	27	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	56	28	poell	poell	NOUN
spir-11119	56	29	2014	2014	NUM
spir-11119	56	30	;	;	PUNCT
spir-11119	56	31	milan	milan	PROPN
spir-11119	56	32	2015	2015	NUM
spir-11119	56	33	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	56	34	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	57	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
spir-11119	57	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	57	3	for	for	SCONJ
spir-11119	57	4	cultural	cultural	ADJ
spir-11119	57	5	production	production	NOUN
spir-11119	57	6	to	to	PART
spir-11119	57	7	be	be	AUX
spir-11119	57	8	viable	viable	ADJ
spir-11119	57	9	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	57	10	the	the	DET
spir-11119	57	11	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	57	12	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-11119	57	13	requires	require	VERB
spir-11119	57	14	business	business	NOUN
spir-11119	57	15	model	model	NOUN
spir-11119	57	16	alignment	alignment	NOUN
spir-11119	57	17	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	57	18	infrastructural	infrastructural	ADJ
spir-11119	57	19	integration	integration	NOUN
spir-11119	57	20	with	with	ADP
spir-11119	57	21	incumbent	incumbent	ADJ
spir-11119	57	22	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	57	23	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	57	24	nieborg	nieborg	PROPN
spir-11119	57	25	&	&	CCONJ
spir-11119	57	26	poell	poell	PROPN
spir-11119	57	27	2018	2018	NUM
spir-11119	57	28	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	57	29	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	58	1	finance	finance	NOUN
spir-11119	58	2	capital	capital	NOUN
spir-11119	58	3	consequently	consequently	ADV
spir-11119	58	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	58	5	any	any	DET
spir-11119	58	6	genuine	genuine	ADJ
spir-11119	58	7	alternative	alternative	NOUN
spir-11119	58	8	requires	require	VERB
spir-11119	58	9	significant	significant	ADJ
spir-11119	58	10	capital	capital	NOUN
spir-11119	58	11	investments	investment	NOUN
spir-11119	58	12	to	to	PART
spir-11119	58	13	rival	rival	VERB
spir-11119	58	14	the	the	DET
spir-11119	58	15	accessibility	accessibility	NOUN
spir-11119	58	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	58	17	scale	scale	NOUN
spir-11119	58	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	58	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	58	20	reliability	reliability	NOUN
spir-11119	58	21	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	58	22	corporate	corporate	ADJ
spir-11119	58	23	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	58	24	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-11119	58	25	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	59	1	as	as	ADP
spir-11119	59	2	different	different	ADJ
spir-11119	59	3	infrastructural	infrastructural	ADJ
spir-11119	59	4	services	service	NOUN
spir-11119	59	5	—	—	PUNCT
spir-11119	59	6	identification	identification	NOUN
spir-11119	59	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	59	8	data	datum	NOUN
spir-11119	59	9	analytics	analytic	NOUN
spir-11119	59	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	59	11	search	search	NOUN
spir-11119	59	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	59	13	etc.—are	etc.—are	VERB
spir-11119	59	14	closely	closely	ADV
spir-11119	59	15	entangled	entangle	VERB
spir-11119	59	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	59	17	a	a	DET
spir-11119	59	18	range	range	NOUN
spir-11119	59	19	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	59	20	alternative	alternative	ADJ
spir-11119	59	21	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	59	22	services	service	NOUN
spir-11119	59	23	will	will	AUX
spir-11119	59	24	need	need	VERB
spir-11119	59	25	to	to	PART
spir-11119	59	26	be	be	AUX
spir-11119	59	27	developed	develop	VERB
spir-11119	59	28	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	59	29	designed	design	VERB
spir-11119	59	30	on	on	ADP
spir-11119	59	31	the	the	DET
spir-11119	59	32	basis	basis	NOUN
spir-11119	59	33	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	59	34	public	public	ADJ
spir-11119	59	35	values	value	NOUN
spir-11119	59	36	rather	rather	ADV
spir-11119	59	37	than	than	ADP
spir-11119	59	38	commercial	commercial	ADJ
spir-11119	59	39	objectives	objective	NOUN
spir-11119	59	40	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	60	1	it	it	PRON
spir-11119	60	2	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	60	3	particularly	particularly	ADV
spir-11119	60	4	challenging	challenging	ADJ
spir-11119	60	5	to	to	PART
spir-11119	60	6	do	do	VERB
spir-11119	60	7	so	so	ADV
spir-11119	60	8	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	60	9	competition	competition	NOUN
spir-11119	60	10	with	with	ADP
spir-11119	60	11	dominant	dominant	ADJ
spir-11119	60	12	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	60	13	companies	company	NOUN
spir-11119	60	14	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	61	1	these	these	DET
spir-11119	61	2	companies	company	NOUN
spir-11119	61	3	typically	typically	ADV
spir-11119	61	4	operate	operate	VERB
spir-11119	61	5	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	61	6	concentrated	concentrated	ADJ
spir-11119	61	7	markets	market	NOUN
spir-11119	61	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	61	9	allowing	allow	VERB
spir-11119	61	10	them	they	PRON
spir-11119	61	11	to	to	PART
spir-11119	61	12	siphon	siphon	VERB
spir-11119	61	13	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	61	14	excess	excess	ADJ
spir-11119	61	15	rents	rent	NOUN
spir-11119	61	16	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	61	17	i.e.	i.e.	X
spir-11119	61	18	profits	profit	NOUN
spir-11119	61	19	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	61	20	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	62	1	together	together	ADV
spir-11119	62	2	with	with	ADP
spir-11119	62	3	ready	ready	ADJ
spir-11119	62	4	access	access	NOUN
spir-11119	62	5	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	62	6	finance	finance	NOUN
spir-11119	62	7	capital	capital	NOUN
spir-11119	62	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	62	9	corporate	corporate	ADJ
spir-11119	62	10	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	62	11	can	can	AUX
spir-11119	62	12	acquire	acquire	VERB
spir-11119	62	13	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	62	14	price	price	VERB
spir-11119	62	15	out	out	ADP
spir-11119	62	16	competitors	competitor	NOUN
spir-11119	62	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	63	1	unlike	unlike	ADP
spir-11119	63	2	non	non	ADJ
spir-11119	63	3	-	-	ADJ
spir-11119	63	4	profit	profit	ADJ
spir-11119	63	5	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	63	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	63	7	corporate	corporate	ADJ
spir-11119	63	8	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	63	9	can	can	AUX
spir-11119	63	10	cross	cross	VERB
spir-11119	63	11	-	-	VERB
spir-11119	63	12	subsidize	subsidize	VERB
spir-11119	63	13	their	their	PRON
spir-11119	63	14	own	own	ADJ
spir-11119	63	15	services	service	NOUN
spir-11119	63	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	63	17	using	use	VERB
spir-11119	63	18	profits	profit	NOUN
spir-11119	63	19	from	from	ADP
spir-11119	63	20	one	one	NUM
spir-11119	63	21	business	business	NOUN
spir-11119	63	22	line	line	NOUN
spir-11119	63	23	to	to	PART
spir-11119	63	24	prop	prop	VERB
spir-11119	63	25	up	up	ADP
spir-11119	63	26	loss	loss	NOUN
spir-11119	63	27	leading	lead	VERB
spir-11119	63	28	yet	yet	CCONJ
spir-11119	63	29	essential	essential	ADJ
spir-11119	63	30	infrastructural	infrastructural	ADJ
spir-11119	63	31	services	service	NOUN
spir-11119	63	32	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	64	1	facebook	facebook	NOUN
spir-11119	64	2	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	64	3	google	google	PROPN
spir-11119	64	4	’s	’s	PART
spir-11119	64	5	login	login	NOUN
spir-11119	64	6	services	service	NOUN
spir-11119	64	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	64	8	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	64	9	example	example	NOUN
spir-11119	64	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	64	11	do	do	AUX
spir-11119	64	12	not	not	PART
spir-11119	64	13	generate	generate	VERB
spir-11119	64	14	any	any	DET
spir-11119	64	15	profit	profit	NOUN
spir-11119	64	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	64	17	but	but	CCONJ
spir-11119	64	18	are	be	AUX
spir-11119	64	19	vital	vital	ADJ
spir-11119	64	20	elements	element	NOUN
spir-11119	64	21	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	64	22	the	the	DET
spir-11119	64	23	data	datum	NOUN
spir-11119	64	24	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	64	25	advertising	advertising	NOUN
spir-11119	64	26	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-11119	64	27	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	64	28	these	these	DET
spir-11119	64	29	companies	company	NOUN
spir-11119	64	30	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	65	1	by	by	ADP
spir-11119	65	2	cross	cros	VERB
spir-11119	65	3	-	-	ADJ
spir-11119	65	4	subsidizing	subsidize	VERB
spir-11119	65	5	them	they	PRON
spir-11119	65	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	65	7	they	they	PRON
spir-11119	65	8	solidify	solidify	VERB
spir-11119	65	9	their	their	PRON
spir-11119	65	10	position	position	NOUN
spir-11119	65	11	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	65	12	the	the	DET
spir-11119	65	13	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	65	14	ecosystem	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-11119	65	15	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	66	1	so	so	ADV
spir-11119	66	2	far	far	ADV
spir-11119	66	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	66	4	alternative	alternative	ADJ
spir-11119	66	5	public	public	ADJ
spir-11119	66	6	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	66	7	have	have	AUX
spir-11119	66	8	mostly	mostly	ADV
spir-11119	66	9	been	be	AUX
spir-11119	66	10	developed	develop	VERB
spir-11119	66	11	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	66	12	isolation	isolation	NOUN
spir-11119	66	13	by	by	ADP
spir-11119	66	14	local	local	ADJ
spir-11119	66	15	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	66	16	national	national	ADJ
spir-11119	66	17	actors	actor	NOUN
spir-11119	66	18	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	67	1	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	67	2	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
spir-11119	67	3	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
spir-11119	67	4	to	to	PART
spir-11119	67	5	emerge	emerge	VERB
spir-11119	67	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	67	7	it	it	PRON
spir-11119	67	8	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	67	9	vital	vital	ADJ
spir-11119	67	10	that	that	SCONJ
spir-11119	67	11	regional	regional	ADJ
spir-11119	67	12	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	67	13	global	global	ADJ
spir-11119	67	14	consortia	consortium	NOUN
spir-11119	67	15	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	67	16	public	public	ADJ
spir-11119	67	17	institutions	institution	NOUN
spir-11119	67	18	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	67	19	ngos	ngo	NOUN
spir-11119	67	20	invest	invest	VERB
spir-11119	67	21	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	67	22	a	a	DET
spir-11119	67	23	range	range	NOUN
spir-11119	67	24	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	67	25	connected	connected	ADJ
spir-11119	67	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	67	27	publicly	publicly	ADV
spir-11119	67	28	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	67	29	owned	own	VERB
spir-11119	67	30	infrastructural	infrastructural	ADJ
spir-11119	67	31	services	service	NOUN
spir-11119	67	32	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	67	33	including	include	VERB
spir-11119	67	34	but	but	CCONJ
spir-11119	67	35	not	not	PART
spir-11119	67	36	limited	limit	VERB
spir-11119	67	37	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	67	38	identification	identification	NOUN
spir-11119	67	39	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	67	40	hosting	host	VERB
spir-11119	67	41	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	67	42	data	datum	NOUN
spir-11119	67	43	analytics	analytic	NOUN
spir-11119	67	44	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	67	45	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	67	46	mapping	mapping	NOUN
spir-11119	67	47	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	68	1	such	such	DET
spir-11119	68	2	a	a	DET
spir-11119	68	3	public	public	ADJ
spir-11119	68	4	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-11119	68	5	would	would	AUX
spir-11119	68	6	allow	allow	VERB
spir-11119	68	7	alternative	alternative	ADJ
spir-11119	68	8	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	68	9	to	to	PART
spir-11119	68	10	operate	operate	VERB
spir-11119	68	11	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	68	12	correspondence	correspondence	NOUN
spir-11119	68	13	with	with	ADP
spir-11119	68	14	key	key	ADJ
spir-11119	68	15	public	public	ADJ
spir-11119	68	16	values	value	NOUN
spir-11119	68	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	69	1	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	69	2	crucially	crucially	ADV
spir-11119	69	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	69	4	the	the	DET
spir-11119	69	5	linkages	linkage	NOUN
spir-11119	69	6	between	between	ADP
spir-11119	69	7	alternative	alternative	ADJ
spir-11119	69	8	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	69	9	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	69	10	a	a	DET
spir-11119	69	11	shared	share	VERB
spir-11119	69	12	public	public	ADJ
spir-11119	69	13	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-11119	69	14	would	would	AUX
spir-11119	69	15	trigger	trigger	VERB
spir-11119	69	16	network	network	NOUN
spir-11119	69	17	effects	effect	NOUN
spir-11119	69	18	that	that	PRON
spir-11119	69	19	enable	enable	VERB
spir-11119	69	20	such	such	ADJ
spir-11119	69	21	initiatives	initiative	NOUN
spir-11119	69	22	to	to	PART
spir-11119	69	23	scale	scale	VERB
spir-11119	69	24	up	up	ADP
spir-11119	69	25	quickly	quickly	ADV
spir-11119	69	26	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	69	27	become	become	VERB
spir-11119	69	28	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
spir-11119	69	29	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	69	30	the	the	DET
spir-11119	69	31	long	long	ADJ
spir-11119	69	32	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	69	33	term	term	NOUN
spir-11119	69	34	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	70	1	references	reference	NOUN
spir-11119	70	2	benkler	benkler	NOUN
spir-11119	70	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	70	4	y.	y.	PROPN
spir-11119	70	5	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	70	6	2006	2006	NUM
spir-11119	70	7	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	70	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	71	1	the	the	DET
spir-11119	71	2	wealth	wealth	NOUN
spir-11119	71	3	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	71	4	networks	network	NOUN
spir-11119	71	5	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	71	6	how	how	SCONJ
spir-11119	71	7	social	social	ADJ
spir-11119	71	8	production	production	NOUN
spir-11119	71	9	transforms	transform	VERB
spir-11119	71	10	markets	market	NOUN
spir-11119	71	11	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	71	12	freedom	freedom	NOUN
spir-11119	71	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	72	1	yale	yale	PROPN
spir-11119	72	2	university	university	PROPN
spir-11119	72	3	press	press	NOUN
spir-11119	72	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	73	1	constantinides	constantinide	VERB
spir-11119	73	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	73	3	p.	p.	NOUN
spir-11119	73	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	73	5	henfridsson	henfridsson	PROPN
spir-11119	73	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	73	7	o.	o.	PROPN
spir-11119	73	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	73	9	&	&	CCONJ
spir-11119	73	10	parker	parker	PROPN
spir-11119	73	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	73	12	g.	g.	PROPN
spir-11119	73	13	g.	g.	PROPN
spir-11119	73	14	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	73	15	2018	2018	NUM
spir-11119	73	16	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	73	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	74	1	introduction	introduction	NOUN
spir-11119	74	2	—	—	PUNCT
spir-11119	74	3	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	74	4	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	74	5	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-11119	74	6	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	74	7	the	the	DET
spir-11119	74	8	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-11119	74	9	age	age	NOUN
spir-11119	74	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	75	1	information	information	NOUN
spir-11119	75	2	systems	system	NOUN
spir-11119	75	3	research	research	NOUN
spir-11119	75	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	75	5	29(2	29(2	NUM
spir-11119	75	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	75	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	75	8	381–400	381–400	NUM
spir-11119	75	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	76	1	couldry	couldry	PROPN
spir-11119	76	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	76	3	n.	n.	PROPN
spir-11119	76	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	76	5	&	&	CCONJ
spir-11119	76	6	mejias	mejias	PROPN
spir-11119	76	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	76	8	u.	u.	NOUN
spir-11119	76	9	a.	a.	PROPN
spir-11119	76	10	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	76	11	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	76	12	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	76	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	77	1	the	the	DET
spir-11119	77	2	costs	cost	NOUN
spir-11119	77	3	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	77	4	connection	connection	NOUN
spir-11119	77	5	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	77	6	how	how	SCONJ
spir-11119	77	7	data	datum	NOUN
spir-11119	77	8	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	77	9	colonizing	colonize	VERB
spir-11119	77	10	human	human	ADJ
spir-11119	77	11	life	life	NOUN
spir-11119	77	12	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	77	13	appropriating	appropriate	VERB
spir-11119	77	14	it	it	PRON
spir-11119	77	15	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	77	16	capitalism	capitalism	NOUN
spir-11119	77	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	78	1	stanford	stanford	PROPN
spir-11119	78	2	university	university	PROPN
spir-11119	78	3	press	press	PROPN
spir-11119	78	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	79	1	milan	milan	PROPN
spir-11119	79	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	79	3	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-11119	79	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	79	5	2015	2015	NUM
spir-11119	79	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	79	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	80	1	when	when	SCONJ
spir-11119	80	2	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
spir-11119	80	3	shape	shape	VERB
spir-11119	80	4	collective	collective	ADJ
spir-11119	80	5	action	action	NOUN
spir-11119	80	6	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	80	7	social	social	ADJ
spir-11119	80	8	media	medium	NOUN
spir-11119	80	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	80	10	the	the	DET
spir-11119	80	11	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
spir-11119	80	12	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	80	13	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-11119	80	14	protesting	protest	VERB
spir-11119	80	15	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	81	1	social	social	ADJ
spir-11119	81	2	media	medium	NOUN
spir-11119	81	3	+	+	CCONJ
spir-11119	81	4	society	society	NOUN
spir-11119	81	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	81	6	1(2	1(2	NUM
spir-11119	81	7	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	81	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	82	1	nieborg	nieborg	PROPN
spir-11119	82	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	82	3	d.	d.	PROPN
spir-11119	82	4	b.	b.	PROPN
spir-11119	82	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	82	6	&	&	CCONJ
spir-11119	82	7	poell	poell	PROPN
spir-11119	82	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	82	9	t.	t.	PROPN
spir-11119	82	10	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	82	11	2018	2018	NUM
spir-11119	82	12	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	82	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	83	1	the	the	DET
spir-11119	83	2	platformization	platformization	NOUN
spir-11119	83	3	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	83	4	cultural	cultural	ADJ
spir-11119	83	5	production	production	NOUN
spir-11119	83	6	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	83	7	theorizing	theorize	VERB
spir-11119	83	8	the	the	DET
spir-11119	83	9	contingent	contingent	ADJ
spir-11119	83	10	cultural	cultural	ADJ
spir-11119	83	11	commodity	commodity	NOUN
spir-11119	83	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	84	1	new	new	ADJ
spir-11119	84	2	media	medium	NOUN
spir-11119	84	3	&	&	CCONJ
spir-11119	84	4	society	society	NOUN
spir-11119	84	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	84	6	20(11	20(11	NUM
spir-11119	84	7	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	84	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	84	9	4275–4292	4275–4292	NUM
spir-11119	84	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	85	1	plantin	plantin	PROPN
spir-11119	85	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	85	3	j	j	PROPN
spir-11119	85	4	-	-	PROPN
spir-11119	85	5	c.	c.	PROPN
spir-11119	85	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	85	7	lagoze	lagoze	NOUN
spir-11119	85	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	85	9	c.	c.	PROPN
spir-11119	85	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	85	11	edwards	edwards	PROPN
spir-11119	85	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	85	13	p.	p.	PROPN
spir-11119	85	14	n.	n.	PROPN
spir-11119	85	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	85	16	&	&	CCONJ
spir-11119	85	17	sandvig	sandvig	PROPN
spir-11119	85	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	85	19	c.	c.	PROPN
spir-11119	85	20	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	85	21	2018	2018	NUM
spir-11119	85	22	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	85	23	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	86	1	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-11119	86	2	studies	study	NOUN
spir-11119	86	3	meet	meet	VERB
spir-11119	86	4	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	86	5	studies	study	NOUN
spir-11119	86	6	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	86	7	the	the	DET
spir-11119	86	8	age	age	NOUN
spir-11119	86	9	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	86	10	google	google	PROPN
spir-11119	86	11	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	86	12	facebook	facebook	NOUN
spir-11119	86	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	87	1	new	new	ADJ
spir-11119	87	2	media	medium	NOUN
spir-11119	87	3	&	&	CCONJ
spir-11119	87	4	society	society	NOUN
spir-11119	87	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	87	6	20(1	20(1	NUM
spir-11119	87	7	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	87	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	87	9	293–310	293–310	NUM
spir-11119	87	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	87	11	poell	poell	NOUN
spir-11119	87	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	87	13	t.	t.	PROPN
spir-11119	87	14	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	87	15	2014	2014	NUM
spir-11119	87	16	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	87	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	88	1	social	social	ADJ
spir-11119	88	2	media	medium	NOUN
spir-11119	88	3	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	88	4	the	the	DET
spir-11119	88	5	transformation	transformation	NOUN
spir-11119	88	6	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	88	7	activist	activist	ADJ
spir-11119	88	8	communication	communication	NOUN
spir-11119	88	9	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	88	10	exploring	explore	VERB
spir-11119	88	11	the	the	DET
spir-11119	88	12	social	social	ADJ
spir-11119	88	13	media	medium	NOUN
spir-11119	88	14	ecology	ecology	NOUN
spir-11119	88	15	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	88	16	the	the	DET
spir-11119	88	17	2010	2010	NUM
spir-11119	88	18	toronto	toronto	PROPN
spir-11119	88	19	g20	g20	NOUN
spir-11119	88	20	protests	protest	NOUN
spir-11119	88	21	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	89	1	information	information	NOUN
spir-11119	89	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	89	3	communication	communication	NOUN
spir-11119	89	4	&	&	CCONJ
spir-11119	89	5	society	society	NOUN
spir-11119	89	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	89	7	17(6	17(6	NUM
spir-11119	89	8	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	89	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	89	10	716–731	716–731	NUM
spir-11119	89	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	89	12	scholz	scholz	NOUN
spir-11119	89	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	89	14	t.	t.	PROPN
spir-11119	89	15	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	89	16	2016	2016	NUM
spir-11119	89	17	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	89	18	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	90	1	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	90	2	cooperativism	cooperativism	NOUN
spir-11119	90	3	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	91	1	challenging	challenge	VERB
spir-11119	91	2	the	the	DET
spir-11119	91	3	corporate	corporate	ADJ
spir-11119	91	4	sharing	sharing	NOUN
spir-11119	91	5	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-11119	91	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	92	1	rosa	rosa	PROPN
spir-11119	92	2	luxemburg	luxemburg	PROPN
spir-11119	92	3	stiftung	stiftung	PROPN
spir-11119	92	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	93	1	srnicek	srnicek	PROPN
spir-11119	93	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	93	3	n.	n.	NOUN
spir-11119	93	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	93	5	2017	2017	NUM
spir-11119	93	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	93	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	94	1	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	94	2	capitalism	capitalism	NOUN
spir-11119	94	3	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	95	1	polity	polity	NOUN
spir-11119	95	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	96	1	van	van	PROPN
spir-11119	96	2	dijck	dijck	PROPN
spir-11119	96	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	96	4	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-11119	96	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	96	6	poell	poell	NOUN
spir-11119	96	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	96	8	t.	t.	PROPN
spir-11119	96	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	96	10	&	&	CCONJ
spir-11119	96	11	de	de	PROPN
spir-11119	96	12	waal	waal	PROPN
spir-11119	96	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	96	14	m.	m.	NOUN
spir-11119	96	15	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	96	16	2018	2018	NUM
spir-11119	96	17	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	96	18	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	97	1	the	the	DET
spir-11119	97	2	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	97	3	society	society	NOUN
spir-11119	97	4	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	97	5	public	public	ADJ
spir-11119	97	6	values	value	NOUN
spir-11119	97	7	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	97	8	a	a	DET
spir-11119	97	9	connective	connective	ADJ
spir-11119	97	10	world	world	NOUN
spir-11119	97	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	98	1	oxford	oxford	PROPN
spir-11119	98	2	university	university	PROPN
spir-11119	98	3	press	press	NOUN
spir-11119	98	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	99	1	reassembling	reassemble	VERB
spir-11119	99	2	the	the	DET
spir-11119	99	3	social	social	ADJ
spir-11119	99	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	99	5	state	state	NOUN
spir-11119	99	6	):	):	PUNCT
spir-11119	99	7	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	99	8	localism	localism	NOUN
spir-11119	99	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	99	10	actually	actually	ADV
spir-11119	99	11	existing	exist	VERB
spir-11119	99	12	platformization	platformization	NOUN
spir-11119	99	13	eva	eva	PROPN
spir-11119	99	14	mos	mos	PROPN
spir-11119	99	15	university	university	PROPN
spir-11119	99	16	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	99	17	amsterdam	amsterdam	PROPN
spir-11119	99	18	niels	niels	PROPN
spir-11119	99	19	van	van	PROPN
spir-11119	99	20	doorn	doorn	PROPN
spir-11119	99	21	university	university	PROPN
spir-11119	99	22	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	99	23	amsterdam	amsterdam	PROPN
spir-11119	99	24	what	what	PRON
spir-11119	99	25	if	if	SCONJ
spir-11119	99	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	99	27	instead	instead	ADV
spir-11119	99	28	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	99	29	starting	start	VERB
spir-11119	99	30	with	with	ADP
spir-11119	99	31	gafam	gafam	NOUN
spir-11119	99	32	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	99	33	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	99	34	asking	ask	VERB
spir-11119	99	35	how	how	SCONJ
spir-11119	99	36	their	their	PRON
spir-11119	99	37	datafied	datafie	VERB
spir-11119	99	38	exploits	exploit	NOUN
spir-11119	99	39	can	can	AUX
spir-11119	99	40	be	be	AUX
spir-11119	99	41	democratically	democratically	ADV
spir-11119	99	42	reclaimed	reclaim	VERB
spir-11119	99	43	at	at	ADP
spir-11119	99	44	the	the	DET
spir-11119	99	45	local	local	ADJ
spir-11119	99	46	level	level	NOUN
spir-11119	99	47	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	99	48	as	as	SCONJ
spir-11119	99	49	the	the	DET
spir-11119	99	50	panel	panel	NOUN
spir-11119	99	51	organizers	organizer	NOUN
spir-11119	99	52	propose	propose	VERB
spir-11119	99	53	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	99	54	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	99	55	we	we	PRON
spir-11119	99	56	recalibrate	recalibrate	VERB
spir-11119	99	57	our	our	PRON
spir-11119	99	58	perspective	perspective	NOUN
spir-11119	99	59	by	by	ADP
spir-11119	99	60	focusing	focus	VERB
spir-11119	99	61	on	on	ADP
spir-11119	99	62	locally	locally	ADV
spir-11119	99	63	owned	own	VERB
spir-11119	99	64	/	/	SYM
spir-11119	99	65	governed	govern	VERB
spir-11119	99	66	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	99	67	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	99	68	asking	ask	VERB
spir-11119	99	69	how	how	SCONJ
spir-11119	99	70	these	these	PRON
spir-11119	99	71	participate	participate	VERB
spir-11119	99	72	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	99	73	the	the	DET
spir-11119	99	74	ordering	ordering	NOUN
spir-11119	99	75	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	99	76	economic	economic	ADJ
spir-11119	99	77	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	99	78	social	social	ADJ
spir-11119	99	79	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	99	80	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	99	81	political	political	ADJ
spir-11119	99	82	life	life	NOUN
spir-11119	99	83	?	?	PUNCT
spir-11119	100	1	one	one	NUM
spir-11119	100	2	critical	critical	ADJ
spir-11119	100	3	advantage	advantage	NOUN
spir-11119	100	4	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	100	5	such	such	DET
spir-11119	100	6	an	an	DET
spir-11119	100	7	approach	approach	NOUN
spir-11119	100	8	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	100	9	that	that	SCONJ
spir-11119	100	10	it	it	PRON
spir-11119	100	11	redirects	redirect	VERB
spir-11119	100	12	our	our	PRON
spir-11119	100	13	attention	attention	NOUN
spir-11119	100	14	away	away	ADV
spir-11119	100	15	from	from	ADP
spir-11119	100	16	globally	globally	ADV
spir-11119	100	17	hegemonic	hegemonic	ADJ
spir-11119	100	18	corporate	corporate	ADJ
spir-11119	100	19	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	100	20	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	100	21	towards	towards	ADP
spir-11119	100	22	emergent	emergent	ADJ
spir-11119	100	23	practices	practice	NOUN
spir-11119	100	24	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	100	25	what	what	PRON
spir-11119	100	26	we	we	PRON
spir-11119	100	27	–	–	PUNCT
spir-11119	100	28	building	build	VERB
spir-11119	100	29	on	on	ADP
spir-11119	100	30	brenner	brenner	NOUN
spir-11119	100	31	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	100	32	theodore	theodore	PROPN
spir-11119	100	33	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	100	34	2002	2002	NUM
spir-11119	100	35	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	100	36	–	–	PUNCT
spir-11119	100	37	call	call	VERB
spir-11119	100	38	“	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	100	39	actually	actually	ADV
spir-11119	100	40	existing	exist	VERB
spir-11119	100	41	platformization	platformization	NOUN
spir-11119	100	42	”	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	100	43	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	100	44	experimental	experimental	ADJ
spir-11119	100	45	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	100	46	sometimes	sometimes	ADV
spir-11119	100	47	makeshift	makeshift	ADJ
spir-11119	100	48	initiatives	initiative	NOUN
spir-11119	100	49	that	that	PRON
spir-11119	100	50	congeal	congeal	VERB
spir-11119	100	51	around	around	ADP
spir-11119	100	52	the	the	DET
spir-11119	100	53	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	100	54	as	as	ADP
spir-11119	100	55	a	a	DET
spir-11119	100	56	programmed	programmed	ADJ
spir-11119	100	57	site	site	NOUN
spir-11119	100	58	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	100	59	market	market	NOUN
spir-11119	100	60	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	100	61	making	make	VERB
spir-11119	100	62	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	100	63	value	value	NOUN
spir-11119	100	64	creation	creation	NOUN
spir-11119	100	65	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	100	66	as	as	ADV
spir-11119	100	67	well	well	ADV
spir-11119	100	68	as	as	ADP
spir-11119	100	69	an	an	DET
spir-11119	100	70	aspirational	aspirational	ADJ
spir-11119	100	71	model	model	NOUN
spir-11119	100	72	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	100	73	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	100	74	re)organizing	re)organize	VERB
spir-11119	100	75	society	society	NOUN
spir-11119	100	76	from	from	ADP
spir-11119	100	77	the	the	DET
spir-11119	100	78	ground	ground	NOUN
spir-11119	100	79	up	up	ADP
spir-11119	100	80	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	101	1	while	while	SCONJ
spir-11119	101	2	such	such	ADJ
spir-11119	101	3	local	local	ADJ
spir-11119	101	4	initiatives	initiative	NOUN
spir-11119	101	5	have	have	AUX
spir-11119	101	6	proliferated	proliferate	VERB
spir-11119	101	7	over	over	ADP
spir-11119	101	8	the	the	DET
spir-11119	101	9	past	past	ADJ
spir-11119	101	10	few	few	ADJ
spir-11119	101	11	years	year	NOUN
spir-11119	101	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	101	13	they	they	PRON
spir-11119	101	14	have	have	AUX
spir-11119	101	15	thus	thus	ADV
spir-11119	101	16	far	far	ADV
spir-11119	101	17	received	receive	VERB
spir-11119	101	18	little	little	ADJ
spir-11119	101	19	scholarly	scholarly	ADJ
spir-11119	101	20	scrutiny	scrutiny	NOUN
spir-11119	101	21	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	101	22	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	101	23	exceptions	exception	NOUN
spir-11119	101	24	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	101	25	see	see	VERB
spir-11119	101	26	poderi	poderi	NOUN
spir-11119	101	27	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	101	28	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	101	29	;	;	PUNCT
spir-11119	101	30	falco	falco	PROPN
spir-11119	101	31	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	101	32	kleinhans	kleinhan	NOUN
spir-11119	101	33	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	101	34	2018	2018	NUM
spir-11119	101	35	;	;	PUNCT
spir-11119	101	36	ansell	ansell	PROPN
spir-11119	101	37	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	101	38	miura	miura	PROPN
spir-11119	101	39	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	101	40	2018	2018	NUM
spir-11119	101	41	;	;	PUNCT
spir-11119	101	42	scholz	scholz	NOUN
spir-11119	101	43	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	101	44	schneider	schneider	NOUN
spir-11119	101	45	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	101	46	2016	2016	NUM
spir-11119	101	47	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	101	48	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	102	1	another	another	DET
spir-11119	102	2	advantage	advantage	NOUN
spir-11119	102	3	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	102	4	that	that	SCONJ
spir-11119	102	5	this	this	DET
spir-11119	102	6	approach	approach	NOUN
spir-11119	102	7	problematizes	problematize	VERB
spir-11119	102	8	presumed	presume	VERB
spir-11119	102	9	oppositions	opposition	NOUN
spir-11119	102	10	between	between	ADP
spir-11119	102	11	“	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	102	12	market	market	NOUN
spir-11119	102	13	”	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	102	14	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	102	15	“	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	102	16	non	non	ADJ
spir-11119	102	17	-	-	NOUN
spir-11119	102	18	market	market	NOUN
spir-11119	102	19	”	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	102	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	102	21	“	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	102	22	public	public	ADJ
spir-11119	102	23	”	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	102	24	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	102	25	“	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	102	26	private	private	ADJ
spir-11119	102	27	”	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	102	28	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	102	29	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	102	30	indeed	indeed	ADV
spir-11119	102	31	between	between	ADP
spir-11119	102	32	“	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	102	33	local	local	ADJ
spir-11119	102	34	”	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	102	35	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	102	36	“	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	102	37	global	global	ADJ
spir-11119	102	38	”	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	102	39	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	102	40	pushing	push	VERB
spir-11119	102	41	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	102	42	critique	critique	NOUN
spir-11119	102	43	beyond	beyond	ADP
spir-11119	102	44	its	its	PRON
spir-11119	102	45	penchant	penchant	NOUN
spir-11119	102	46	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	102	47	such	such	ADJ
spir-11119	102	48	dichotomies	dichotomy	NOUN
spir-11119	102	49	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	103	1	as	as	SCONJ
spir-11119	103	2	we	we	PRON
spir-11119	103	3	will	will	AUX
spir-11119	103	4	argue	argue	VERB
spir-11119	103	5	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	103	6	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
spir-11119	103	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	103	8	“	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	103	9	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	103	10	localism	localism	NOUN
spir-11119	103	11	”	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	103	12	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	103	13	a	a	DET
spir-11119	103	14	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN
spir-11119	103	15	whose	whose	DET
spir-11119	103	16	aspirations	aspiration	NOUN
spir-11119	103	17	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	103	18	impacts	impact	NOUN
spir-11119	103	19	have	have	VERB
spir-11119	103	20	a	a	DET
spir-11119	103	21	global	global	ADJ
spir-11119	103	22	reach	reach	NOUN
spir-11119	103	23	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	103	24	while	while	SCONJ
spir-11119	103	25	actually	actually	ADV
spir-11119	103	26	existing	exist	VERB
spir-11119	103	27	platformization	platformization	NOUN
spir-11119	103	28	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	103	29	a	a	DET
spir-11119	103	30	practice	practice	NOUN
spir-11119	103	31	happening	happen	VERB
spir-11119	103	32	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	103	33	arrangements	arrangement	NOUN
spir-11119	103	34	where	where	SCONJ
spir-11119	103	35	private	private	ADJ
spir-11119	103	36	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	103	37	public	public	ADJ
spir-11119	103	38	interests	interest	NOUN
spir-11119	103	39	become	become	VERB
spir-11119	103	40	entangled	entangle	VERB
spir-11119	103	41	through	through	ADP
spir-11119	103	42	market	market	NOUN
spir-11119	103	43	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	103	44	based	base	VERB
spir-11119	103	45	interactions	interaction	NOUN
spir-11119	103	46	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	104	1	once	once	SCONJ
spir-11119	104	2	citizens	citizen	NOUN
spir-11119	104	3	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	104	4	local	local	ADJ
spir-11119	104	5	governments	government	NOUN
spir-11119	104	6	are	be	AUX
spir-11119	104	7	encouraged	encourage	VERB
spir-11119	104	8	to	to	PART
spir-11119	104	9	act	act	VERB
spir-11119	104	10	as	as	ADP
spir-11119	104	11	“	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	104	12	produsers	produser	NOUN
spir-11119	104	13	”	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	104	14	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	104	15	goods	good	NOUN
spir-11119	104	16	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	104	17	services	service	NOUN
spir-11119	104	18	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	104	19	build	build	VERB
spir-11119	104	20	their	their	PRON
spir-11119	104	21	own	own	ADJ
spir-11119	104	22	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	104	23	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	104	24	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	104	25	based	base	VERB
spir-11119	104	26	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	104	27	social	social	ADJ
spir-11119	104	28	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-11119	104	29	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	104	30	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
spir-11119	104	31	with	with	ADP
spir-11119	104	32	incumbent	incumbent	NOUN
spir-11119	104	33	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	104	34	start	start	VERB
spir-11119	104	35	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	104	36	up	up	ADP
spir-11119	104	37	market	market	NOUN
spir-11119	104	38	actors	actor	NOUN
spir-11119	104	39	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	104	40	it	it	PRON
spir-11119	104	41	also	also	ADV
spir-11119	104	42	becomes	become	VERB
spir-11119	104	43	harder	hard	ADJ
spir-11119	104	44	to	to	PART
spir-11119	104	45	distinguish	distinguish	VERB
spir-11119	104	46	neoliberal	neoliberal	ADJ
spir-11119	104	47	reason	reason	NOUN
spir-11119	104	48	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	104	49	governance	governance	NOUN
spir-11119	104	50	from	from	ADP
spir-11119	104	51	its	its	PRON
spir-11119	104	52	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
spir-11119	104	53	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	105	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
spir-11119	105	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	105	3	rather	rather	ADV
spir-11119	105	4	than	than	ADP
spir-11119	105	5	simply	simply	ADV
spir-11119	105	6	existing	exist	VERB
spir-11119	105	7	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	105	8	resistance	resistance	NOUN
spir-11119	105	9	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	105	10	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	105	11	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	105	12	competition	competition	NOUN
spir-11119	105	13	with	with	ADP
spir-11119	105	14	big	big	ADJ
spir-11119	105	15	tech	tech	NOUN
spir-11119	105	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	105	17	we	we	PRON
spir-11119	105	18	contend	contend	VERB
spir-11119	105	19	that	that	SCONJ
spir-11119	105	20	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	105	21	localism	localism	NOUN
spir-11119	105	22	has	have	VERB
spir-11119	105	23	a	a	DET
spir-11119	105	24	more	more	ADV
spir-11119	105	25	ambiguous	ambiguous	ADJ
spir-11119	105	26	structural	structural	ADJ
spir-11119	105	27	relation	relation	NOUN
spir-11119	105	28	with	with	ADP
spir-11119	105	29	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	105	30	capitalism	capitalism	NOUN
spir-11119	105	31	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	105	32	one	one	NUM
spir-11119	105	33	that	that	PRON
spir-11119	105	34	ranges	range	VERB
spir-11119	105	35	from	from	ADP
spir-11119	105	36	dissociation	dissociation	NOUN
spir-11119	105	37	via	via	ADP
spir-11119	105	38	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	105	39	mutual	mutual	ADJ
spir-11119	105	40	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	105	41	dependency	dependency	NOUN
spir-11119	105	42	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	105	43	complementarity	complementarity	NOUN
spir-11119	105	44	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	106	1	this	this	DET
spir-11119	106	2	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-11119	106	3	derives	derive	VERB
spir-11119	106	4	its	its	PRON
spir-11119	106	5	arguments	argument	NOUN
spir-11119	106	6	from	from	ADP
spir-11119	106	7	the	the	DET
spir-11119	106	8	findings	finding	NOUN
spir-11119	106	9	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	106	10	a	a	DET
spir-11119	106	11	5	5	NUM
spir-11119	106	12	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	106	13	year	year	NOUN
spir-11119	106	14	research	research	NOUN
spir-11119	106	15	project	project	NOUN
spir-11119	106	16	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	106	17	currently	currently	ADV
spir-11119	106	18	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	106	19	its	its	PRON
spir-11119	106	20	third	third	ADJ
spir-11119	106	21	year	year	NOUN
spir-11119	106	22	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	106	23	examining	examine	VERB
spir-11119	106	24	how	how	SCONJ
spir-11119	106	25	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	106	26	rearrange	rearrange	VERB
spir-11119	106	27	relations	relation	NOUN
spir-11119	106	28	between	between	ADP
spir-11119	106	29	market	market	NOUN
spir-11119	106	30	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	106	31	state	state	NOUN
spir-11119	106	32	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	106	33	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	106	34	civil	civil	ADJ
spir-11119	106	35	society	society	NOUN
spir-11119	106	36	actors	actor	NOUN
spir-11119	106	37	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	107	1	through	through	ADP
spir-11119	107	2	a	a	DET
spir-11119	107	3	cross	cross	ADJ
spir-11119	107	4	-	-	ADJ
spir-11119	107	5	national	national	ADJ
spir-11119	107	6	comparative	comparative	ADJ
spir-11119	107	7	ethnography	ethnography	NOUN
spir-11119	107	8	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	107	9	policy	policy	NOUN
spir-11119	107	10	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-11119	107	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	107	12	the	the	DET
spir-11119	107	13	project	project	NOUN
spir-11119	107	14	investigates	investigate	VERB
spir-11119	107	15	the	the	DET
spir-11119	107	16	variegated	variegated	ADJ
spir-11119	107	17	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	107	18	multi	multi	ADJ
spir-11119	107	19	-	-	ADJ
spir-11119	107	20	scalar	scalar	ADJ
spir-11119	107	21	impacts	impact	NOUN
spir-11119	107	22	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	107	23	platformization	platformization	NOUN
spir-11119	107	24	on	on	ADP
spir-11119	107	25	three	three	NUM
spir-11119	107	26	large	large	ADJ
spir-11119	107	27	cities	city	NOUN
spir-11119	107	28	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	107	29	the	the	DET
spir-11119	107	30	global	global	ADJ
spir-11119	107	31	north	north	NOUN
spir-11119	107	32	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	108	1	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	108	2	the	the	DET
spir-11119	108	3	occasion	occasion	NOUN
spir-11119	108	4	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	108	5	this	this	DET
spir-11119	108	6	panel	panel	NOUN
spir-11119	108	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	108	8	we	we	PRON
spir-11119	108	9	discuss	discuss	VERB
spir-11119	108	10	two	two	NUM
spir-11119	108	11	cases	case	NOUN
spir-11119	108	12	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	108	13	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	108	14	localism	localism	NOUN
spir-11119	108	15	–	–	PUNCT
spir-11119	108	16	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	108	17	actually	actually	ADV
spir-11119	108	18	existing	exist	VERB
spir-11119	108	19	platformization	platformization	NOUN
spir-11119	108	20	–	–	PUNCT
spir-11119	108	21	that	that	PRON
spir-11119	108	22	have	have	AUX
spir-11119	108	23	grabbed	grab	VERB
spir-11119	108	24	the	the	DET
spir-11119	108	25	attention	attention	NOUN
spir-11119	108	26	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	108	27	our	our	PRON
spir-11119	108	28	research	research	NOUN
spir-11119	108	29	team	team	NOUN
spir-11119	108	30	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	108	31	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	108	32	cooperatives	cooperative	NOUN
spir-11119	108	33	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	108	34	postwelfare	postwelfare	ADJ
spir-11119	108	35	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	108	36	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	109	1	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	109	2	cooperatives	cooperative	NOUN
spir-11119	109	3	operate	operate	VERB
spir-11119	109	4	–	–	PUNCT
spir-11119	109	5	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	109	6	the	the	DET
spir-11119	109	7	vision	vision	NOUN
spir-11119	109	8	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	109	9	its	its	PRON
spir-11119	109	10	main	main	ADJ
spir-11119	109	11	architect	architect	NOUN
spir-11119	109	12	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	109	13	promotor	promotor	NOUN
spir-11119	109	14	–	–	PUNCT
spir-11119	109	15	at	at	ADP
spir-11119	109	16	the	the	DET
spir-11119	109	17	forefront	forefront	NOUN
spir-11119	109	18	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	109	19	a	a	DET
spir-11119	109	20	newly	newly	ADV
spir-11119	109	21	emerging	emerge	VERB
spir-11119	109	22	“	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	109	23	solidarity	solidarity	NOUN
spir-11119	109	24	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-11119	109	25	”	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	109	26	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	109	27	scholz	scholz	NOUN
spir-11119	109	28	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	109	29	2016	2016	NUM
spir-11119	109	30	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	109	31	11	11	NUM
spir-11119	109	32	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	109	33	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	109	34	while	while	SCONJ
spir-11119	109	35	sitting	sit	VERB
spir-11119	109	36	“	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	109	37	squarely	squarely	ADV
spir-11119	109	38	at	at	ADP
spir-11119	109	39	the	the	DET
spir-11119	109	40	intersection	intersection	NOUN
spir-11119	109	41	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	109	42	values	value	NOUN
spir-11119	109	43	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	109	44	markets	market	NOUN
spir-11119	109	45	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	109	46	organizing	organizing	NOUN
spir-11119	109	47	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	109	48	business	business	NOUN
spir-11119	109	49	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	109	50	community	community	NOUN
spir-11119	109	51	institution	institution	NOUN
spir-11119	109	52	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	109	53	economic	economic	ADJ
spir-11119	109	54	engine	engine	NOUN
spir-11119	109	55	”	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	109	56	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	109	57	hoover	hoover	NOUN
spir-11119	109	58	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	109	59	2016	2016	NUM
spir-11119	109	60	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	109	61	108	108	NUM
spir-11119	109	62	;	;	PUNCT
spir-11119	109	63	see	see	VERB
spir-11119	109	64	also	also	ADV
spir-11119	109	65	sandoval	sandoval	PROPN
spir-11119	109	66	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	109	67	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	109	68	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	109	69	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	110	1	as	as	SCONJ
spir-11119	110	2	cooperatively	cooperatively	ADV
spir-11119	110	3	run	run	VERB
spir-11119	110	4	businesses	business	NOUN
spir-11119	110	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	110	6	the	the	DET
spir-11119	110	7	main	main	ADJ
spir-11119	110	8	aim	aim	NOUN
spir-11119	110	9	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	110	10	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	110	11	cooperatives	cooperative	NOUN
spir-11119	110	12	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	110	13	to	to	PART
spir-11119	110	14	leverage	leverage	VERB
spir-11119	110	15	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	110	16	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	110	17	based	base	VERB
spir-11119	110	18	technologies	technology	NOUN
spir-11119	110	19	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	110	20	the	the	DET
spir-11119	110	21	common	common	ADJ
spir-11119	110	22	good	good	NOUN
spir-11119	110	23	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	110	24	empowering	empower	VERB
spir-11119	110	25	workers	worker	NOUN
spir-11119	110	26	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	110	27	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	110	28	their	their	PRON
spir-11119	110	29	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	110	30	communities	community	NOUN
spir-11119	110	31	by	by	ADP
spir-11119	110	32	creating	create	VERB
spir-11119	110	33	a	a	DET
spir-11119	110	34	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	110	35	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-11119	110	36	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	110	37	which	which	PRON
spir-11119	110	38	the	the	DET
spir-11119	110	39	data	data	NOUN
spir-11119	110	40	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	110	41	driven	drive	VERB
spir-11119	110	42	means	mean	NOUN
spir-11119	110	43	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	110	44	market	market	NOUN
spir-11119	110	45	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	110	46	making	make	VERB
spir-11119	110	47	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	110	48	value	value	NOUN
spir-11119	110	49	production	production	NOUN
spir-11119	110	50	are	be	AUX
spir-11119	110	51	owned	own	VERB
spir-11119	110	52	as	as	ADV
spir-11119	110	53	well	well	ADV
spir-11119	110	54	as	as	ADP
spir-11119	110	55	governed	govern	VERB
spir-11119	110	56	collectively	collectively	ADV
spir-11119	110	57	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	111	1	post	post	ADJ
spir-11119	111	2	-	-	ADJ
spir-11119	111	3	welfare	welfare	ADJ
spir-11119	111	4	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	111	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	111	6	meanwhile	meanwhile	ADV
spir-11119	111	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	111	8	operate	operate	VERB
spir-11119	111	9	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	111	10	the	the	DET
spir-11119	111	11	institutional	institutional	ADJ
spir-11119	111	12	space	space	NOUN
spir-11119	111	13	shaped	shape	VERB
spir-11119	111	14	by	by	ADP
spir-11119	111	15	ongoing	ongoing	ADJ
spir-11119	111	16	welfare	welfare	NOUN
spir-11119	111	17	state	state	PROPN
spir-11119	111	18	retrenchment	retrenchment	NOUN
spir-11119	111	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	111	20	attendant	attendant	ADJ
spir-11119	111	21	experimentation	experimentation	NOUN
spir-11119	111	22	with	with	ADP
spir-11119	111	23	local	local	ADJ
spir-11119	111	24	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	111	25	community	community	NOUN
spir-11119	111	26	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	111	27	based	base	VERB
spir-11119	111	28	social	social	ADJ
spir-11119	111	29	services	service	NOUN
spir-11119	111	30	provisioning	provision	VERB
spir-11119	111	31	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	111	32	turunen	turunen	NOUN
spir-11119	111	33	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	111	34	weinryb	weinryb	NOUN
spir-11119	111	35	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	111	36	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	111	37	;	;	PUNCT
spir-11119	111	38	schou	schou	NOUN
spir-11119	111	39	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	111	40	hjelholt	hjelholt	NOUN
spir-11119	111	41	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	111	42	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	111	43	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	111	44	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	112	1	these	these	DET
spir-11119	112	2	initiatives	initiative	NOUN
spir-11119	112	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	112	4	which	which	PRON
spir-11119	112	5	match	match	VERB
spir-11119	112	6	elderly	elderly	ADJ
spir-11119	112	7	citizens	citizen	NOUN
spir-11119	112	8	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	112	9	local	local	ADJ
spir-11119	112	10	volunteers	volunteer	NOUN
spir-11119	112	11	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	112	12	coordinate	coordinate	VERB
spir-11119	112	13	municipal	municipal	ADJ
spir-11119	112	14	welfare	welfare	NOUN
spir-11119	112	15	services	service	NOUN
spir-11119	112	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	112	17	likewise	likewise	ADV
spir-11119	112	18	seek	seek	VERB
spir-11119	112	19	to	to	PART
spir-11119	112	20	exploit	exploit	VERB
spir-11119	112	21	the	the	DET
spir-11119	112	22	affordances	affordance	NOUN
spir-11119	112	23	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	112	24	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-11119	112	25	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	112	26	while	while	SCONJ
spir-11119	112	27	at	at	ADP
spir-11119	112	28	the	the	DET
spir-11119	112	29	same	same	ADJ
spir-11119	112	30	time	time	NOUN
spir-11119	112	31	drawing	draw	VERB
spir-11119	112	32	on	on	ADP
spir-11119	112	33	existing	exist	VERB
spir-11119	112	34	resources	resource	NOUN
spir-11119	112	35	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	112	36	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-11119	112	37	–	–	PUNCT
spir-11119	112	38	both	both	CCONJ
spir-11119	112	39	public	public	ADJ
spir-11119	112	40	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	112	41	private	private	ADJ
spir-11119	112	42	;	;	PUNCT
spir-11119	112	43	material	material	NOUN
spir-11119	112	44	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	112	45	immaterial	immaterial	ADJ
spir-11119	112	46	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	113	1	while	while	SCONJ
spir-11119	113	2	our	our	PRON
spir-11119	113	3	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-11119	113	4	will	will	AUX
spir-11119	113	5	discuss	discuss	VERB
spir-11119	113	6	the	the	DET
spir-11119	113	7	crucial	crucial	ADJ
spir-11119	113	8	differences	difference	NOUN
spir-11119	113	9	between	between	ADP
spir-11119	113	10	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	113	11	cooperatives	cooperative	NOUN
spir-11119	113	12	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	113	13	post	post	ADJ
spir-11119	113	14	-	-	ADJ
spir-11119	113	15	welfare	welfare	ADJ
spir-11119	113	16	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	113	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	113	18	we	we	PRON
spir-11119	113	19	emphasize	emphasize	VERB
spir-11119	113	20	their	their	PRON
spir-11119	113	21	similarities	similarity	NOUN
spir-11119	113	22	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	113	23	argue	argue	VERB
spir-11119	113	24	that	that	SCONJ
spir-11119	113	25	both	both	PRON
spir-11119	113	26	can	can	AUX
spir-11119	113	27	be	be	AUX
spir-11119	113	28	understood	understand	VERB
spir-11119	113	29	as	as	ADP
spir-11119	113	30	symptoms	symptom	NOUN
spir-11119	113	31	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	113	32	what	what	PRON
spir-11119	113	33	scholars	scholar	NOUN
spir-11119	113	34	have	have	AUX
spir-11119	113	35	variously	variously	ADV
spir-11119	113	36	called	call	VERB
spir-11119	113	37	“	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	113	38	community	community	NOUN
spir-11119	113	39	capitalism	capitalism	NOUN
spir-11119	113	40	”	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	113	41	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	113	42	van	van	PROPN
spir-11119	113	43	dyk	dyk	PROPN
spir-11119	113	44	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	113	45	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	113	46	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	113	47	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	113	48	“	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	113	49	neoliberal	neoliberal	ADJ
spir-11119	113	50	communitarianism	communitarianism	NOUN
spir-11119	113	51	”	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	113	52	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	113	53	van	van	PROPN
spir-11119	113	54	houdt	houdt	PROPN
spir-11119	113	55	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	113	56	schinkel	schinkel	NOUN
spir-11119	113	57	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	113	58	2013	2013	NUM
spir-11119	113	59	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	113	60	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	114	1	both	both	DET
spir-11119	114	2	notions	notion	NOUN
spir-11119	114	3	point	point	VERB
spir-11119	114	4	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	114	5	the	the	DET
spir-11119	114	6	rise	rise	NOUN
spir-11119	114	7	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	114	8	“	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	114	9	community	community	NOUN
spir-11119	114	10	”	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	114	11	as	as	ADP
spir-11119	114	12	the	the	DET
spir-11119	114	13	primary	primary	ADJ
spir-11119	114	14	social	social	ADJ
spir-11119	114	15	entity	entity	NOUN
spir-11119	114	16	tasked	task	VERB
spir-11119	114	17	with	with	ADP
spir-11119	114	18	taking	take	VERB
spir-11119	114	19	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN
spir-11119	114	20	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	114	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	114	22	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	114	23	absorbing	absorb	VERB
spir-11119	114	24	the	the	DET
spir-11119	114	25	risks	risk	NOUN
spir-11119	114	26	/	/	SYM
spir-11119	114	27	costs	cost	NOUN
spir-11119	114	28	associated	associate	VERB
spir-11119	114	29	with	with	ADP
spir-11119	114	30	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	114	31	reproductive	reproductive	ADJ
spir-11119	114	32	labor	labor	NOUN
spir-11119	114	33	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	114	34	social	social	ADJ
spir-11119	114	35	reproduction	reproduction	NOUN
spir-11119	114	36	more	more	ADV
spir-11119	114	37	generally	generally	ADV
spir-11119	114	38	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	114	39	see	see	VERB
spir-11119	114	40	also	also	ADV
spir-11119	114	41	muehlebach	muehlebach	NOUN
spir-11119	114	42	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	114	43	2012	2012	NUM
spir-11119	114	44	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	114	45	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	115	1	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	115	2	cooperatives	cooperative	NOUN
spir-11119	115	3	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	115	4	post	post	ADJ
spir-11119	115	5	-	-	ADJ
spir-11119	115	6	welfare	welfare	ADJ
spir-11119	115	7	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	115	8	are	be	AUX
spir-11119	115	9	each	each	PRON
spir-11119	115	10	driven	drive	VERB
spir-11119	115	11	by	by	ADP
spir-11119	115	12	the	the	DET
spir-11119	115	13	belief	belief	NOUN
spir-11119	115	14	that	that	SCONJ
spir-11119	115	15	communities	community	NOUN
spir-11119	115	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	115	17	possibly	possibly	ADV
spir-11119	115	18	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	115	19	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
spir-11119	115	20	with	with	ADP
spir-11119	115	21	local	local	ADJ
spir-11119	115	22	market	market	NOUN
spir-11119	115	23	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	115	24	state	state	NOUN
spir-11119	115	25	actors	actor	NOUN
spir-11119	115	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	115	27	can	can	AUX
spir-11119	115	28	solve	solve	VERB
spir-11119	115	29	the	the	DET
spir-11119	115	30	dual	dual	ADJ
spir-11119	115	31	crises	crisis	NOUN
spir-11119	115	32	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	115	33	precarity	precarity	NOUN
spir-11119	115	34	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	115	35	social	social	ADJ
spir-11119	115	36	reproduction	reproduction	NOUN
spir-11119	115	37	by	by	ADP
spir-11119	115	38	seizing	seize	VERB
spir-11119	115	39	on	on	ADP
spir-11119	115	40	the	the	DET
spir-11119	115	41	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	115	42	as	as	ADP
spir-11119	115	43	at	at	ADP
spir-11119	115	44	once	once	ADV
spir-11119	115	45	a	a	DET
spir-11119	115	46	sophisticated	sophisticated	ADJ
spir-11119	115	47	technology	technology	NOUN
spir-11119	115	48	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	115	49	a	a	DET
spir-11119	115	50	social	social	ADJ
spir-11119	115	51	model	model	NOUN
spir-11119	115	52	predicated	predicate	VERB
spir-11119	115	53	on	on	ADP
spir-11119	115	54	market	market	NOUN
spir-11119	115	55	logics	logic	NOUN
spir-11119	115	56	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	116	1	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	116	2	localism	localism	NOUN
spir-11119	116	3	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	116	4	thereby	thereby	ADV
spir-11119	116	5	imagined	imagine	VERB
spir-11119	116	6	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	116	7	“	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	116	8	unlock	unlock	VERB
spir-11119	116	9	”	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	116	10	operational	operational	ADJ
spir-11119	116	11	efficiencies	efficiency	NOUN
spir-11119	116	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	116	13	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	116	14	small	small	ADJ
spir-11119	116	15	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	116	16	scale	scale	NOUN
spir-11119	116	17	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	116	18	network	network	NOUN
spir-11119	116	19	effects	effect	NOUN
spir-11119	116	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	116	21	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	116	22	other	other	ADJ
spir-11119	116	23	forms	form	NOUN
spir-11119	116	24	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	116	25	value	value	NOUN
spir-11119	116	26	that	that	PRON
spir-11119	116	27	can	can	AUX
spir-11119	116	28	be	be	AUX
spir-11119	116	29	harnessed	harness	VERB
spir-11119	116	30	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	116	31	the	the	DET
spir-11119	116	32	survival	survival	NOUN
spir-11119	116	33	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	116	34	flourishing	flourishing	NOUN
spir-11119	116	35	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	116	36	the	the	DET
spir-11119	116	37	common	common	ADJ
spir-11119	116	38	good	good	NOUN
spir-11119	116	39	rather	rather	ADV
spir-11119	116	40	than	than	ADP
spir-11119	116	41	shoring	shore	VERB
spir-11119	116	42	up	up	ADP
spir-11119	116	43	corporate	corporate	ADJ
spir-11119	116	44	dominance	dominance	NOUN
spir-11119	116	45	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	117	1	yet	yet	ADV
spir-11119	117	2	we	we	PRON
spir-11119	117	3	also	also	ADV
spir-11119	117	4	show	show	VERB
spir-11119	117	5	how	how	SCONJ
spir-11119	117	6	scenes	scene	NOUN
spir-11119	117	7	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	117	8	actually	actually	ADV
spir-11119	117	9	existing	exist	VERB
spir-11119	117	10	platformization	platformization	NOUN
spir-11119	117	11	are	be	AUX
spir-11119	117	12	rife	rife	ADJ
spir-11119	117	13	with	with	ADP
spir-11119	117	14	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	117	15	unacknowledged	unacknowledged	ADJ
spir-11119	117	16	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	117	17	social	social	ADJ
spir-11119	117	18	tensions	tension	NOUN
spir-11119	117	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	117	20	inequalities	inequality	NOUN
spir-11119	117	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	117	22	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	117	23	a	a	DET
spir-11119	117	24	chronic	chronic	ADJ
spir-11119	117	25	lack	lack	NOUN
spir-11119	117	26	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	117	27	resources	resource	NOUN
spir-11119	117	28	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	118	1	rather	rather	ADV
spir-11119	118	2	than	than	ADP
spir-11119	118	3	solving	solve	VERB
spir-11119	118	4	the	the	DET
spir-11119	118	5	democratic	democratic	ADJ
spir-11119	118	6	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	118	7	reproductive	reproductive	ADJ
spir-11119	118	8	deficits	deficit	NOUN
spir-11119	118	9	at	at	ADP
spir-11119	118	10	the	the	DET
spir-11119	118	11	local	local	ADJ
spir-11119	118	12	level	level	NOUN
spir-11119	118	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	118	14	post	post	ADJ
spir-11119	118	15	-	-	ADJ
spir-11119	118	16	welfare	welfare	ADJ
spir-11119	118	17	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	118	18	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	118	19	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	118	20	coops	coop	NOUN
spir-11119	118	21	are	be	AUX
spir-11119	118	22	sites	site	NOUN
spir-11119	118	23	where	where	SCONJ
spir-11119	118	24	questions	question	NOUN
spir-11119	118	25	about	about	ADP
spir-11119	118	26	who	who	PRON
spir-11119	118	27	belongs	belong	VERB
spir-11119	118	28	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	118	29	a	a	DET
spir-11119	118	30	particular	particular	ADJ
spir-11119	118	31	community	community	NOUN
spir-11119	118	32	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	118	33	who	who	PRON
spir-11119	118	34	gets	get	VERB
spir-11119	118	35	to	to	PART
spir-11119	118	36	shape	shape	VERB
spir-11119	118	37	notions	notion	NOUN
spir-11119	118	38	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	118	39	the	the	DET
spir-11119	118	40	“	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	118	41	public	public	ADJ
spir-11119	118	42	interest	interest	NOUN
spir-11119	118	43	”	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	118	44	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	118	45	the	the	DET
spir-11119	118	46	“	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	118	47	common	common	ADJ
spir-11119	118	48	good	good	NOUN
spir-11119	118	49	”	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	118	50	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	118	51	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	118	52	who	who	PRON
spir-11119	118	53	can	can	AUX
spir-11119	118	54	participate	participate	VERB
spir-11119	118	55	are	be	AUX
spir-11119	118	56	being	be	AUX
spir-11119	118	57	contested	contest	VERB
spir-11119	118	58	–	–	PUNCT
spir-11119	118	59	although	although	SCONJ
spir-11119	118	60	they	they	PRON
spir-11119	118	61	are	be	AUX
spir-11119	118	62	more	more	ADV
spir-11119	118	63	often	often	ADV
spir-11119	118	64	problematically	problematically	ADV
spir-11119	118	65	disregarded	disregard	VERB
spir-11119	118	66	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	119	1	finally	finally	ADV
spir-11119	119	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	119	3	this	this	PRON
spir-11119	119	4	also	also	ADV
spir-11119	119	5	raises	raise	VERB
spir-11119	119	6	issues	issue	NOUN
spir-11119	119	7	with	with	ADP
spir-11119	119	8	respect	respect	NOUN
spir-11119	119	9	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	119	10	who	who	PRON
spir-11119	119	11	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	119	12	enabled	enable	VERB
spir-11119	119	13	to	to	PART
spir-11119	119	14	derive	derive	VERB
spir-11119	119	15	value	value	NOUN
spir-11119	119	16	from	from	ADP
spir-11119	119	17	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	119	18	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	119	19	governed	govern	VERB
spir-11119	119	20	local	local	ADJ
spir-11119	119	21	transactions	transaction	NOUN
spir-11119	119	22	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	119	23	who	who	PRON
spir-11119	119	24	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	119	25	excluded	exclude	VERB
spir-11119	119	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	119	27	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	119	28	included	include	VERB
spir-11119	119	29	predominantly	predominantly	ADV
spir-11119	119	30	as	as	ADP
spir-11119	119	31	input	input	NOUN
spir-11119	119	32	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	119	33	purposes	purpose	NOUN
spir-11119	119	34	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	119	35	data	data	NOUN
spir-11119	119	36	extraction	extraction	NOUN
spir-11119	119	37	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	119	38	valorization	valorization	NOUN
spir-11119	119	39	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	120	1	these	these	DET
spir-11119	120	2	issues	issue	NOUN
spir-11119	120	3	are	be	AUX
spir-11119	120	4	particularly	particularly	ADV
spir-11119	120	5	pertinent	pertinent	ADJ
spir-11119	120	6	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	120	7	cases	case	NOUN
spir-11119	120	8	where	where	SCONJ
spir-11119	120	9	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	120	10	localism	localism	NOUN
spir-11119	120	11	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	120	12	materially	materially	ADV
spir-11119	120	13	supported	support	VERB
spir-11119	120	14	by	by	ADP
spir-11119	120	15	the	the	DET
spir-11119	120	16	software	software	NOUN
spir-11119	120	17	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-11119	120	18	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	120	19	incumbent	incumbent	ADJ
spir-11119	120	20	state	state	NOUN
spir-11119	120	21	and/or	and/or	CCONJ
spir-11119	120	22	market	market	NOUN
spir-11119	120	23	actors	actor	NOUN
spir-11119	120	24	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	121	1	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	121	2	such	such	ADJ
spir-11119	121	3	cases	case	NOUN
spir-11119	121	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	121	5	rules	rule	NOUN
spir-11119	121	6	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	121	7	agreements	agreement	NOUN
spir-11119	121	8	concerning	concern	VERB
spir-11119	121	9	data	datum	NOUN
spir-11119	121	10	ownership	ownership	NOUN
spir-11119	121	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	121	12	governance	governance	NOUN
spir-11119	121	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	121	14	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	121	15	exploitation	exploitation	NOUN
spir-11119	121	16	play	play	VERB
spir-11119	121	17	an	an	DET
spir-11119	121	18	especially	especially	ADV
spir-11119	121	19	critical	critical	ADJ
spir-11119	121	20	role	role	NOUN
spir-11119	121	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	121	22	given	give	VERB
spir-11119	121	23	the	the	DET
spir-11119	121	24	risk	risk	NOUN
spir-11119	121	25	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	121	26	data	data	NOUN
spir-11119	121	27	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	121	28	based	base	VERB
spir-11119	121	29	surveillance	surveillance	NOUN
spir-11119	121	30	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	121	31	predatory	predatory	ADJ
spir-11119	121	32	activity	activity	NOUN
spir-11119	121	33	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	122	1	we	we	PRON
spir-11119	122	2	thus	thus	ADV
spir-11119	122	3	conclude	conclude	VERB
spir-11119	122	4	with	with	ADP
spir-11119	122	5	a	a	DET
spir-11119	122	6	reflection	reflection	NOUN
spir-11119	122	7	on	on	ADP
spir-11119	122	8	the	the	DET
spir-11119	122	9	extent	extent	NOUN
spir-11119	122	10	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	122	11	which	which	PRON
spir-11119	122	12	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	122	13	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	122	14	modes	mode	NOUN
spir-11119	122	15	through	through	ADP
spir-11119	122	16	which	which	PRON
spir-11119	122	17	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	122	18	actually	actually	ADV
spir-11119	122	19	existing	exist	VERB
spir-11119	122	20	platformization	platformization	NOUN
spir-11119	122	21	“	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	122	22	from	from	ADP
spir-11119	122	23	below	below	ADP
spir-11119	122	24	”	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	122	25	both	both	DET
spir-11119	122	26	challenges	challenge	NOUN
spir-11119	122	27	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	122	28	perpetuates	perpetuate	VERB
spir-11119	122	29	the	the	DET
spir-11119	122	30	inequities	inequity	NOUN
spir-11119	122	31	at	at	ADP
spir-11119	122	32	the	the	DET
spir-11119	122	33	heart	heart	NOUN
spir-11119	122	34	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	122	35	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	122	36	capitalism	capitalism	NOUN
spir-11119	122	37	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	123	1	references	reference	NOUN
spir-11119	123	2	ansell	ansell	PROPN
spir-11119	123	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	123	4	c.	c.	PROPN
spir-11119	123	5	&	&	CCONJ
spir-11119	123	6	miura	miura	PROPN
spir-11119	123	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	123	8	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-11119	123	9	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	123	10	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	123	11	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	123	12	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	123	13	can	can	AUX
spir-11119	123	14	the	the	DET
spir-11119	123	15	power	power	NOUN
spir-11119	123	16	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	123	17	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	123	18	be	be	AUX
spir-11119	123	19	harnessed	harness	VERB
spir-11119	123	20	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	123	21	governance	governance	NOUN
spir-11119	123	22	?	?	PUNCT
spir-11119	123	23	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	124	1	public	public	ADJ
spir-11119	124	2	administration	administration	NOUN
spir-11119	124	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	124	4	available	available	ADJ
spir-11119	124	5	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	124	6	online	online	ADV
spir-11119	124	7	first	first	ADJ
spir-11119	124	8	):	):	PUNCT
spir-11119	124	9	https://doi.org/10.1111/padm.12636	https://doi.org/10.1111/padm.12636	NOUN
spir-11119	124	10	brenner	brenner	NOUN
spir-11119	124	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	124	12	n.	n.	PROPN
spir-11119	124	13	&	&	CCONJ
spir-11119	124	14	theodore	theodore	PROPN
spir-11119	124	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	124	16	n.	n.	PROPN
spir-11119	124	17	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	124	18	2002	2002	NUM
spir-11119	124	19	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	124	20	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	124	21	cities	city	NOUN
spir-11119	124	22	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	124	23	the	the	DET
spir-11119	124	24	geographies	geography	NOUN
spir-11119	124	25	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	124	26	“	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	124	27	actually	actually	ADV
spir-11119	124	28	existing	exist	VERB
spir-11119	124	29	neoliberalism	neoliberalism	NOUN
spir-11119	124	30	”	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	124	31	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	124	32	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	125	1	antipode	antipode	VERB
spir-11119	125	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	125	3	34(3	34(3	NUM
spir-11119	125	4	):	):	PUNCT
spir-11119	125	5	349	349	NUM
spir-11119	125	6	-	-	SYM
spir-11119	125	7	379	379	NUM
spir-11119	125	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	126	1	falco	falco	PROPN
spir-11119	126	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	126	3	e.	e.	PROPN
spir-11119	126	4	&	&	CCONJ
spir-11119	126	5	kleinhans	kleinhans	PROPN
spir-11119	126	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	126	7	r.	r.	PROPN
spir-11119	126	8	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	126	9	2018	2018	NUM
spir-11119	126	10	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	126	11	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	126	12	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-11119	126	13	participatory	participatory	ADJ
spir-11119	126	14	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	126	15	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	126	16	co	co	NOUN
spir-11119	126	17	-	-	NOUN
spir-11119	126	18	production	production	NOUN
spir-11119	126	19	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	126	20	urban	urban	ADJ
spir-11119	126	21	development	development	NOUN
spir-11119	126	22	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	126	23	a	a	DET
spir-11119	126	24	systematic	systematic	ADJ
spir-11119	126	25	review	review	NOUN
spir-11119	126	26	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	126	27	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	127	1	international	international	ADJ
spir-11119	127	2	journal	journal	NOUN
spir-11119	127	3	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	127	4	e	e	NOUN
spir-11119	127	5	-	-	ADJ
spir-11119	127	6	planning	planning	ADJ
spir-11119	127	7	research	research	NOUN
spir-11119	127	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	127	9	7(3	7(3	NUM
spir-11119	127	10	):	):	PUNCT
spir-11119	127	11	52	52	NUM
spir-11119	127	12	-	-	SYM
spir-11119	127	13	79	79	NUM
spir-11119	127	14	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	128	1	hoover	hoover	PROPN
spir-11119	128	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	128	3	m.	m.	NOUN
spir-11119	128	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	128	5	2016	2016	NUM
spir-11119	128	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	128	7	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	128	8	what	what	PRON
spir-11119	128	9	we	we	PRON
spir-11119	128	10	mean	mean	VERB
spir-11119	128	11	when	when	SCONJ
spir-11119	128	12	we	we	PRON
spir-11119	128	13	say	say	VERB
spir-11119	128	14	“	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	128	15	cooperative	cooperative	ADJ
spir-11119	128	16	”	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	128	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	128	18	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	128	19	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	128	20	scholz	scholz	PROPN
spir-11119	128	21	&	&	CCONJ
spir-11119	128	22	schneider	schneider	PROPN
spir-11119	128	23	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	128	24	eds	eds	PROPN
spir-11119	128	25	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	128	26	ours	our	NOUN
spir-11119	128	27	to	to	PART
spir-11119	128	28	hack	hack	VERB
spir-11119	128	29	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	128	30	to	to	PART
spir-11119	128	31	own	own	VERB
spir-11119	128	32	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	128	33	pp	pp	ADJ
spir-11119	128	34	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	129	1	108	108	NUM
spir-11119	129	2	-	-	SYM
spir-11119	129	3	112	112	NUM
spir-11119	129	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	130	1	muehlebach	muehlebach	NOUN
spir-11119	130	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	130	3	a.	a.	NOUN
spir-11119	130	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	130	5	2012	2012	NUM
spir-11119	130	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	130	7	the	the	DET
spir-11119	130	8	moral	moral	ADJ
spir-11119	130	9	neoliberal	neoliberal	ADJ
spir-11119	130	10	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	130	11	welfare	welfare	NOUN
spir-11119	130	12	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	130	13	citizenship	citizenship	NOUN
spir-11119	130	14	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	130	15	italy	italy	PROPN
spir-11119	130	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	131	1	chicago	chicago	PROPN
spir-11119	131	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	132	1	university	university	NOUN
spir-11119	132	2	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	132	3	chicago	chicago	PROPN
spir-11119	132	4	press	press	NOUN
spir-11119	132	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	133	1	poderi	poderi	PROPN
spir-11119	133	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	133	3	g.	g.	PROPN
spir-11119	133	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	133	5	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	133	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	133	7	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	133	8	sustaining	sustain	VERB
spir-11119	133	9	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	133	10	as	as	ADP
spir-11119	133	11	commons	common	NOUN
spir-11119	133	12	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	133	13	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
spir-11119	133	14	on	on	ADP
spir-11119	133	15	participation	participation	NOUN
spir-11119	133	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	133	17	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-11119	133	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	133	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	133	20	governance	governance	NOUN
spir-11119	133	21	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	133	22	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	134	1	codesign	codesign	NOUN
spir-11119	134	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	134	3	15(3	15(3	NUM
spir-11119	134	4	):	):	PUNCT
spir-11119	134	5	243	243	NUM
spir-11119	134	6	-	-	SYM
spir-11119	134	7	255	255	NUM
spir-11119	134	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	135	1	sandoval	sandoval	PROPN
spir-11119	135	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	135	3	m.	m.	NOUN
spir-11119	135	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	135	5	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	135	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	135	7	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	135	8	entrepreneurial	entrepreneurial	ADJ
spir-11119	135	9	activism	activism	NOUN
spir-11119	135	10	?	?	PUNCT
spir-11119	136	1	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	136	2	cooperativism	cooperativism	NOUN
spir-11119	136	3	between	between	ADP
spir-11119	136	4	subversion	subversion	NOUN
spir-11119	136	5	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	136	6	co	co	NOUN
spir-11119	136	7	-	-	NOUN
spir-11119	136	8	optation	optation	NOUN
spir-11119	136	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	136	10	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	137	1	critical	critical	ADJ
spir-11119	137	2	sociology	sociology	NOUN
spir-11119	137	3	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	138	1	available	available	ADJ
spir-11119	138	2	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	138	3	online	online	ADV
spir-11119	138	4	first	first	ADV
spir-11119	138	5	):	):	PUNCT
spir-11119	138	6	https://doi.org/10.1177/0896920519870577	https://doi.org/10.1177/0896920519870577	PROPN
spir-11119	138	7	scholz	scholz	NOUN
spir-11119	138	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	138	9	t.	t.	PROPN
spir-11119	138	10	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	138	11	2016	2016	NUM
spir-11119	138	12	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	138	13	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	138	14	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	138	15	cooperativism	cooperativism	NOUN
spir-11119	138	16	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	138	17	challenging	challenge	VERB
spir-11119	138	18	the	the	DET
spir-11119	138	19	corporate	corporate	ADJ
spir-11119	138	20	sharing	sharing	NOUN
spir-11119	138	21	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-11119	138	22	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	138	23	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	139	1	rosa	rosa	PROPN
spir-11119	139	2	luxemburg	luxemburg	PROPN
spir-11119	139	3	stiftung	stiftung	PROPN
spir-11119	139	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	139	5	new	new	PROPN
spir-11119	139	6	york	york	PROPN
spir-11119	139	7	office	office	PROPN
spir-11119	139	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	140	1	available	available	ADJ
spir-11119	140	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	140	3	https://eticasfoundation.org/wpcontent/uploads/2019/03/scholz_platform-cooperativism.pdf	https://eticasfoundation.org/wpcontent/uploads/2019/03/scholz_platform-cooperativism.pdf	PROPN
spir-11119	140	4	scholz	scholz	NOUN
spir-11119	140	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	140	6	t.	t.	PROPN
spir-11119	140	7	&	&	CCONJ
spir-11119	140	8	schneider	schneider	PROPN
spir-11119	140	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	140	10	n.	n.	PROPN
spir-11119	140	11	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	140	12	2016	2016	NUM
spir-11119	140	13	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	140	14	ours	ours	PRON
spir-11119	140	15	to	to	PART
spir-11119	140	16	hack	hack	VERB
spir-11119	140	17	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	140	18	to	to	PART
spir-11119	140	19	own	own	VERB
spir-11119	140	20	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	141	1	new	new	PROPN
spir-11119	141	2	york	york	PROPN
spir-11119	141	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	141	4	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	141	5	books	book	NOUN
spir-11119	141	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	142	1	schou	schou	PROPN
spir-11119	142	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	142	3	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-11119	142	4	&	&	CCONJ
spir-11119	142	5	hjelholt	hjelholt	PROPN
spir-11119	142	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	142	7	m.	m.	NOUN
spir-11119	142	8	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	142	9	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	142	10	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	142	11	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	142	12	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-11119	142	13	state	state	NOUN
spir-11119	142	14	spaces	space	NOUN
spir-11119	142	15	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	142	16	state	state	NOUN
spir-11119	142	17	rescaling	rescaling	NOUN
spir-11119	142	18	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	142	19	advanced	advanced	ADJ
spir-11119	142	20	digitalization	digitalization	NOUN
spir-11119	142	21	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	142	22	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	143	1	territory	territory	NOUN
spir-11119	143	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	143	3	politics	politic	NOUN
spir-11119	143	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	143	5	governance	governance	NOUN
spir-11119	143	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	143	7	7(4	7(4	NUM
spir-11119	143	8	):	):	PUNCT
spir-11119	143	9	438	438	NUM
spir-11119	143	10	-	-	SYM
spir-11119	143	11	454	454	NUM
spir-11119	143	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	144	1	turunen	turunen	PROPN
spir-11119	144	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	144	3	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-11119	144	4	&	&	CCONJ
spir-11119	144	5	weinryb	weinryb	PROPN
spir-11119	144	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	144	7	n.	n.	NOUN
spir-11119	144	8	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	144	9	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	144	10	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	144	11	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	144	12	organizing	organize	VERB
spir-11119	144	13	service	service	NOUN
spir-11119	144	14	delivery	delivery	NOUN
spir-11119	144	15	on	on	ADP
spir-11119	144	16	social	social	ADJ
spir-11119	144	17	media	medium	NOUN
spir-11119	144	18	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	144	19	?	?	PUNCT
spir-11119	145	1	loosely	loosely	ADV
spir-11119	145	2	organized	organize	VERB
spir-11119	145	3	networks	network	NOUN
spir-11119	145	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	145	5	co	co	NOUN
spir-11119	145	6	-	-	NOUN
spir-11119	145	7	optation	optation	NOUN
spir-11119	145	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	145	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	145	10	the	the	DET
spir-11119	145	11	welfare	welfare	NOUN
spir-11119	145	12	state	state	NOUN
spir-11119	145	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	145	14	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	146	1	public	public	ADJ
spir-11119	146	2	management	management	NOUN
spir-11119	146	3	review	review	NOUN
spir-11119	146	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	147	1	available	available	ADJ
spir-11119	147	2	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	147	3	online	online	ADV
spir-11119	147	4	first	first	ADV
spir-11119	147	5	):	):	PUNCT
spir-11119	147	6	https://doi.org/10.1080/14719037.2019.1619805	https://doi.org/10.1080/14719037.2019.1619805	PROPN
spir-11119	147	7	van	van	PROPN
spir-11119	147	8	dyk	dyk	PROPN
spir-11119	147	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	147	10	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-11119	147	11	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	147	12	2018	2018	NUM
spir-11119	147	13	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	147	14	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	147	15	post	post	ADJ
spir-11119	147	16	-	-	ADJ
spir-11119	147	17	wage	wage	NOUN
spir-11119	147	18	politics	politic	NOUN
spir-11119	147	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	147	20	the	the	DET
spir-11119	147	21	rise	rise	NOUN
spir-11119	147	22	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	147	23	community	community	NOUN
spir-11119	147	24	capitalism	capitalism	NOUN
spir-11119	147	25	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	147	26	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	148	1	work	work	NOUN
spir-11119	148	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	148	3	employment	employment	NOUN
spir-11119	148	4	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	148	5	society	society	NOUN
spir-11119	148	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	148	7	32(3	32(3	NUM
spir-11119	148	8	):	):	PUNCT
spir-11119	148	9	528	528	NUM
spir-11119	148	10	-	-	SYM
spir-11119	148	11	545	545	NUM
spir-11119	148	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	149	1	van	van	PROPN
spir-11119	149	2	houdt	houdt	PROPN
spir-11119	149	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	149	4	f.	f.	PROPN
spir-11119	149	5	&	&	CCONJ
spir-11119	149	6	schinkel	schinkel	PROPN
spir-11119	149	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	149	8	w.	w.	PROPN
spir-11119	149	9	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	149	10	2013	2013	NUM
spir-11119	149	11	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	149	12	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	149	13	a	a	DET
spir-11119	149	14	genealogy	genealogy	NOUN
spir-11119	149	15	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	149	16	neoliberal	neoliberal	ADJ
spir-11119	149	17	communitarianism	communitarianism	NOUN
spir-11119	149	18	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	149	19	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	150	1	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
spir-11119	150	2	criminology	criminology	NOUN
spir-11119	150	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	150	4	17(4	17(4	NUM
spir-11119	150	5	):	):	PUNCT
spir-11119	150	6	493	493	NUM
spir-11119	150	7	-	-	SYM
spir-11119	150	8	516	516	NUM
spir-11119	150	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	151	1	the	the	DET
spir-11119	151	2	many	many	ADJ
spir-11119	151	3	lives	life	NOUN
spir-11119	151	4	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	151	5	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	151	6	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	151	7	governance	governance	NOUN
spir-11119	151	8	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	151	9	times	time	NOUN
spir-11119	151	10	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	151	11	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	151	12	urbanism	urbanism	NOUN
spir-11119	151	13	through	through	ADP
spir-11119	151	14	an	an	DET
spir-11119	151	15	open	open	ADJ
spir-11119	151	16	business	business	NOUN
spir-11119	151	17	models	model	NOUN
spir-11119	151	18	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	151	19	perspective	perspective	NOUN
spir-11119	151	20	shenja	shenja	PROPN
spir-11119	151	21	van	van	PROPN
spir-11119	151	22	der	der	PROPN
spir-11119	151	23	graaf	graaf	PROPN
spir-11119	151	24	university	university	PROPN
spir-11119	151	25	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	151	26	twente	twente	PROPN
spir-11119	151	27	mehdi	mehdi	PROPN
spir-11119	151	28	montakhabi	montakhabi	PROPN
spir-11119	151	29	free	free	ADJ
spir-11119	151	30	university	university	PROPN
spir-11119	151	31	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	151	32	brussels	brussels	PROPN
spir-11119	151	33	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	151	34	today	today	NOUN
spir-11119	151	35	’s	’s	PART
spir-11119	151	36	climate	climate	NOUN
spir-11119	151	37	to	to	PART
spir-11119	151	38	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	151	39	smarten	smarten	VERB
spir-11119	151	40	up	up	ADP
spir-11119	151	41	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	151	42	our	our	PRON
spir-11119	151	43	cities	city	NOUN
spir-11119	151	44	we	we	PRON
spir-11119	151	45	navigate	navigate	VERB
spir-11119	151	46	landscapes	landscape	NOUN
spir-11119	151	47	not	not	PART
spir-11119	151	48	only	only	ADV
spir-11119	151	49	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	151	50	bricks	brick	NOUN
spir-11119	151	51	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	151	52	mortar	mortar	NOUN
spir-11119	151	53	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	151	54	but	but	CCONJ
spir-11119	151	55	also	also	ADV
spir-11119	151	56	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	151	57	data	datum	NOUN
spir-11119	151	58	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	151	59	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
spir-11119	151	60	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	151	61	graham	graham	PROPN
spir-11119	151	62	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	151	63	2020	2020	NUM
spir-11119	151	64	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	151	65	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	152	1	it	it	PRON
spir-11119	152	2	thus	thus	ADV
spir-11119	152	3	may	may	AUX
spir-11119	152	4	not	not	PART
spir-11119	152	5	come	come	VERB
spir-11119	152	6	as	as	ADP
spir-11119	152	7	a	a	DET
spir-11119	152	8	surprise	surprise	NOUN
spir-11119	152	9	that	that	DET
spir-11119	152	10	attention	attention	NOUN
spir-11119	152	11	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	152	12	drawn	draw	VERB
spir-11119	152	13	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	152	14	concerns	concern	NOUN
spir-11119	152	15	underpinning	underpin	VERB
spir-11119	152	16	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	152	17	participation	participation	NOUN
spir-11119	152	18	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	152	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	152	20	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	152	21	datafication	datafication	NOUN
spir-11119	152	22	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	152	23	paralleled	parallel	VERB
spir-11119	152	24	by	by	ADP
spir-11119	152	25	shifting	shift	VERB
spir-11119	152	26	modes	mode	NOUN
spir-11119	152	27	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	152	28	governmentality	governmentality	NOUN
spir-11119	152	29	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	152	30	governance	governance	NOUN
spir-11119	152	31	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	152	32	arguably	arguably	ADV
spir-11119	152	33	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	152	34	further	far	ADV
spir-11119	152	35	deepening	deepen	VERB
spir-11119	152	36	the	the	DET
spir-11119	152	37	neoliberal	neoliberal	ADJ
spir-11119	152	38	project	project	NOUN
spir-11119	152	39	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	152	40	kitchin	kitchin	PROPN
spir-11119	152	41	et	et	PROPN
spir-11119	152	42	al	al	PROPN
spir-11119	152	43	.	.	PROPN
spir-11119	152	44	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	152	45	2018	2018	NUM
spir-11119	152	46	;	;	PUNCT
spir-11119	152	47	rossi	rossi	ADJ
spir-11119	152	48	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	152	49	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	152	50	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	152	51	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	153	1	it	it	PRON
spir-11119	153	2	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	153	3	precisely	precisely	ADV
spir-11119	153	4	at	at	ADP
spir-11119	153	5	this	this	DET
spir-11119	153	6	intersection	intersection	NOUN
spir-11119	153	7	that	that	SCONJ
spir-11119	153	8	this	this	DET
spir-11119	153	9	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-11119	153	10	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	153	11	set	set	VERB
spir-11119	153	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	154	1	it	it	PRON
spir-11119	154	2	puts	put	VERB
spir-11119	154	3	a	a	DET
spir-11119	154	4	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	154	5	public	public	ADJ
spir-11119	154	6	value	value	NOUN
spir-11119	154	7	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	154	8	perspective	perspective	NOUN
spir-11119	154	9	forward	forward	ADV
spir-11119	154	10	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	154	11	departs	depart	VERB
spir-11119	154	12	from	from	ADP
spir-11119	154	13	the	the	DET
spir-11119	154	14	premise	premise	NOUN
spir-11119	154	15	that	that	SCONJ
spir-11119	154	16	public	public	ADJ
spir-11119	154	17	value	value	NOUN
spir-11119	154	18	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	154	19	changing	change	VERB
spir-11119	154	20	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	154	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	154	22	particularly	particularly	ADV
spir-11119	154	23	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	154	24	public	public	ADJ
spir-11119	154	25	organisations	organisation	NOUN
spir-11119	154	26	need	need	VERB
spir-11119	154	27	to	to	PART
spir-11119	154	28	engage	engage	VERB
spir-11119	154	29	with	with	ADP
spir-11119	154	30	systemic	systemic	ADJ
spir-11119	154	31	change	change	NOUN
spir-11119	154	32	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	154	33	the	the	DET
spir-11119	154	34	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	154	35	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	154	36	era	era	NOUN
spir-11119	154	37	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	154	38	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	154	39	new	new	ADJ
spir-11119	154	40	ways	way	NOUN
spir-11119	154	41	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	154	42	where	where	SCONJ
spir-11119	154	43	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	154	44	the	the	DET
spir-11119	154	45	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	154	46	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	154	47	has	have	AUX
spir-11119	154	48	become	become	VERB
spir-11119	154	49	a	a	DET
spir-11119	154	50	prevalent	prevalent	ADJ
spir-11119	154	51	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	154	52	powerful	powerful	ADJ
spir-11119	154	53	term	term	NOUN
spir-11119	154	54	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	154	55	the	the	DET
spir-11119	154	56	way	way	NOUN
spir-11119	154	57	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ
spir-11119	154	58	society	society	NOUN
spir-11119	154	59	organizes	organize	VERB
spir-11119	154	60	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	154	61	understands	understand	VERB
spir-11119	154	62	itself	itself	PRON
spir-11119	154	63	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	154	64	cusumano	cusumano	NOUN
spir-11119	154	65	et	et	PROPN
spir-11119	154	66	al	al	PROPN
spir-11119	154	67	.	.	PROPN
spir-11119	154	68	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	154	69	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	154	70	;	;	PUNCT
spir-11119	155	1	gillespie	gillespie	PROPN
spir-11119	155	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	155	3	2010	2010	NUM
spir-11119	155	4	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	155	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	156	1	talking	talk	VERB
spir-11119	156	2	about	about	ADP
spir-11119	156	3	what	what	PRON
spir-11119	156	4	this	this	DET
spir-11119	156	5	new	new	ADJ
spir-11119	156	6	future	future	NOUN
spir-11119	156	7	might	might	AUX
spir-11119	156	8	look	look	VERB
spir-11119	156	9	like	like	INTJ
spir-11119	156	10	can	can	AUX
spir-11119	156	11	not	not	PART
spir-11119	156	12	happen	happen	VERB
spir-11119	156	13	without	without	ADP
spir-11119	156	14	the	the	DET
spir-11119	156	15	input	input	NOUN
spir-11119	156	16	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	156	17	a	a	DET
spir-11119	156	18	multi	multi	ADJ
spir-11119	156	19	-	-	ADJ
spir-11119	156	20	stakeholder	stakeholder	NOUN
spir-11119	156	21	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	156	22	ecosystem	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-11119	156	23	perspective	perspective	NOUN
spir-11119	156	24	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	156	25	including	include	VERB
spir-11119	156	26	citizens	citizen	NOUN
spir-11119	156	27	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	156	28	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	156	29	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	156	30	users	user	NOUN
spir-11119	156	31	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	156	32	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	156	33	a	a	DET
spir-11119	156	34	collective	collective	ADJ
spir-11119	156	35	understanding	understanding	NOUN
spir-11119	156	36	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	156	37	what	what	PRON
spir-11119	156	38	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	156	39	valued	value	VERB
spir-11119	156	40	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	156	41	thereby	thereby	ADV
spir-11119	156	42	highlighting	highlight	VERB
spir-11119	156	43	the	the	DET
spir-11119	156	44	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
spir-11119	156	45	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	156	46	making	make	VERB
spir-11119	156	47	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	156	48	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	156	49	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	156	50	more	more	ADV
spir-11119	156	51	responsible	responsible	ADJ
spir-11119	156	52	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	156	53	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
spir-11119	156	54	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	156	55	the	the	DET
spir-11119	156	56	public	public	NOUN
spir-11119	156	57	’s	’s	PART
spir-11119	156	58	interest	interest	NOUN
spir-11119	156	59	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	157	1	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
spir-11119	157	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	157	3	through	through	ADP
spir-11119	157	4	the	the	DET
spir-11119	157	5	development	development	NOUN
spir-11119	157	6	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	157	7	a	a	DET
spir-11119	157	8	framework	framework	NOUN
spir-11119	157	9	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	157	10	open	open	ADJ
spir-11119	157	11	business	business	NOUN
spir-11119	157	12	models	model	NOUN
spir-11119	157	13	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	157	14	chesbrough	chesbrough	NOUN
spir-11119	157	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	157	16	2006	2006	NUM
spir-11119	157	17	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	157	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	157	19	this	this	DET
spir-11119	157	20	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-11119	157	21	seeks	seek	VERB
spir-11119	157	22	to	to	PART
spir-11119	157	23	yield	yield	VERB
spir-11119	157	24	insight	insight	NOUN
spir-11119	157	25	into	into	ADP
spir-11119	157	26	the	the	DET
spir-11119	157	27	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
spir-11119	157	28	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	157	29	a	a	DET
spir-11119	157	30	seeming	seeming	ADJ
spir-11119	157	31	shift	shift	NOUN
spir-11119	157	32	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	157	33	the	the	DET
spir-11119	157	34	ethos	ethos	NOUN
spir-11119	157	35	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	157	36	logic	logic	NOUN
spir-11119	157	37	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	157	38	city	city	NOUN
spir-11119	157	39	governance	governance	NOUN
spir-11119	157	40	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	157	41	the	the	DET
spir-11119	157	42	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	157	43	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	157	44	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	157	45	age	age	NOUN
spir-11119	157	46	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	157	47	cf	cf	NOUN
spir-11119	157	48	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	158	1	mansell	mansell	PROPN
spir-11119	158	2	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	158	3	steinmueller	steinmueller	NOUN
spir-11119	158	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	158	5	2020	2020	NUM
spir-11119	158	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	158	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	159	1	this	this	DET
spir-11119	159	2	blurring	blurring	NOUN
spir-11119	159	3	between	between	ADP
spir-11119	159	4	physical	physical	ADJ
spir-11119	159	5	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	159	6	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-11119	159	7	boundaries	boundary	NOUN
spir-11119	159	8	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	159	9	the	the	DET
spir-11119	159	10	city	city	NOUN
spir-11119	159	11	are	be	AUX
spir-11119	159	12	both	both	PRON
spir-11119	159	13	part	part	NOUN
spir-11119	159	14	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	159	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	159	16	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	159	17	produced	produce	VERB
spir-11119	159	18	by	by	ADP
spir-11119	159	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	159	20	the	the	DET
spir-11119	159	21	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-11119	159	22	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	159	23	that	that	SCONJ
spir-11119	159	24	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	159	25	today	today	NOUN
spir-11119	159	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	159	27	are	be	AUX
spir-11119	159	28	implicated	implicate	VERB
spir-11119	159	29	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	159	30	the	the	DET
spir-11119	159	31	structures	structure	NOUN
spir-11119	159	32	that	that	PRON
spir-11119	159	33	shape	shape	VERB
spir-11119	159	34	everyday	everyday	ADJ
spir-11119	159	35	life	life	NOUN
spir-11119	159	36	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	159	37	the	the	DET
spir-11119	159	38	city	city	NOUN
spir-11119	159	39	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	159	40	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	159	41	play	play	VERB
spir-11119	159	42	a	a	DET
spir-11119	159	43	key	key	ADJ
spir-11119	159	44	role	role	NOUN
spir-11119	159	45	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	159	46	giving	give	VERB
spir-11119	159	47	rise	rise	NOUN
spir-11119	159	48	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	159	49	novel	novel	NOUN
spir-11119	159	50	needs	need	NOUN
spir-11119	159	51	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	159	52	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	159	53	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	159	54	practices	practice	NOUN
spir-11119	159	55	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	159	56	public	public	ADJ
spir-11119	159	57	space	space	NOUN
spir-11119	159	58	engagement	engagement	NOUN
spir-11119	159	59	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	159	60	coletta	coletta	NOUN
spir-11119	159	61	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	159	62	kitchin	kitchin	NOUN
spir-11119	159	63	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	159	64	2017	2017	NUM
spir-11119	159	65	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	159	66	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	160	1	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	160	2	the	the	DET
spir-11119	160	3	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	160	4	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	160	5	has	have	AUX
spir-11119	160	6	become	become	VERB
spir-11119	160	7	a	a	DET
spir-11119	160	8	prevalent	prevalent	ADJ
spir-11119	160	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	160	10	powerful	powerful	ADJ
spir-11119	160	11	term	term	NOUN
spir-11119	160	12	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	160	13	the	the	DET
spir-11119	160	14	way	way	NOUN
spir-11119	160	15	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ
spir-11119	160	16	society	society	NOUN
spir-11119	160	17	organizes	organize	VERB
spir-11119	160	18	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	160	19	understands	understand	VERB
spir-11119	160	20	itself	itself	PRON
spir-11119	160	21	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	161	1	while	while	SCONJ
spir-11119	161	2	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	161	3	the	the	DET
spir-11119	161	4	various	various	ADJ
spir-11119	161	5	literatures	literature	NOUN
spir-11119	161	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	161	7	ambiguity	ambiguity	NOUN
spir-11119	161	8	remains	remain	VERB
spir-11119	161	9	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	161	10	defining	define	VERB
spir-11119	161	11	the	the	DET
spir-11119	161	12	specifics	specific	NOUN
spir-11119	161	13	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	161	14	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-11119	161	15	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	161	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	161	17	the	the	DET
spir-11119	161	18	term	term	NOUN
spir-11119	161	19	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	161	20	associated	associate	VERB
spir-11119	161	21	with	with	ADP
spir-11119	161	22	so	so	ADV
spir-11119	161	23	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	161	24	called	call	VERB
spir-11119	161	25	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	161	26	companies	company	NOUN
spir-11119	161	27	like	like	ADP
spir-11119	161	28	facebook	facebook	NOUN
spir-11119	161	29	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	161	30	google	google	NOUN
spir-11119	161	31	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	161	32	uber	uber	ADJ
spir-11119	161	33	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	161	34	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	161	35	commonly	commonly	ADV
spir-11119	161	36	used	use	VERB
spir-11119	161	37	to	to	PART
spir-11119	161	38	point	point	VERB
spir-11119	161	39	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	161	40	its	its	PRON
spir-11119	161	41	penetration	penetration	NOUN
spir-11119	161	42	into	into	ADP
spir-11119	161	43	the	the	DET
spir-11119	161	44	heart	heart	NOUN
spir-11119	161	45	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	161	46	society	society	NOUN
spir-11119	161	47	disrupting	disrupt	VERB
spir-11119	161	48	markets	market	NOUN
spir-11119	161	49	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	161	50	labour	labour	NOUN
spir-11119	161	51	relations	relation	NOUN
spir-11119	161	52	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	161	53	transforming	transform	VERB
spir-11119	161	54	social	social	ADJ
spir-11119	161	55	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	161	56	civic	civic	ADJ
spir-11119	161	57	practices	practice	NOUN
spir-11119	161	58	as	as	ADV
spir-11119	161	59	well	well	ADV
spir-11119	161	60	as	as	ADP
spir-11119	161	61	affecting	affect	VERB
spir-11119	161	62	democratic	democratic	ADJ
spir-11119	161	63	processes	process	NOUN
spir-11119	161	64	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	161	65	van	van	PROPN
spir-11119	161	66	dijck	dijck	NOUN
spir-11119	161	67	et	et	PROPN
spir-11119	161	68	al	al	PROPN
spir-11119	161	69	.	.	PROPN
spir-11119	161	70	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	161	71	2018	2018	NUM
spir-11119	161	72	;	;	PUNCT
spir-11119	161	73	gillespie	gillespie	PROPN
spir-11119	161	74	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	161	75	2018	2018	NUM
spir-11119	161	76	;	;	PUNCT
spir-11119	161	77	srnicek	srnicek	NOUN
spir-11119	161	78	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	161	79	2017	2017	NUM
spir-11119	161	80	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	161	81	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	162	1	with	with	ADP
spir-11119	162	2	this	this	DET
spir-11119	162	3	advent	advent	NOUN
spir-11119	162	4	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	162	5	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	162	6	the	the	DET
spir-11119	162	7	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	162	8	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	162	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	162	10	adjacent	adjacent	ADJ
spir-11119	162	11	logic	logic	NOUN
spir-11119	162	12	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	162	13	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	162	14	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	162	15	urbanism	urbanism	NOUN
spir-11119	162	16	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	162	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	162	18	critical	critical	ADJ
spir-11119	162	19	attention	attention	NOUN
spir-11119	162	20	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	162	21	media	medium	NOUN
spir-11119	162	22	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	162	23	urban	urban	ADJ
spir-11119	162	24	studies	study	NOUN
spir-11119	162	25	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	162	26	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	162	27	beyond	beyond	ADP
spir-11119	162	28	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	162	29	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	162	30	urgently	urgently	ADV
spir-11119	162	31	seeking	seek	VERB
spir-11119	162	32	to	to	PART
spir-11119	162	33	grasp	grasp	VERB
spir-11119	162	34	what	what	PRON
spir-11119	162	35	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	162	36	going	go	VERB
spir-11119	162	37	on	on	ADP
spir-11119	162	38	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	162	39	thereby	thereby	ADV
spir-11119	162	40	highlighting	highlight	VERB
spir-11119	162	41	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	162	42	arguably	arguably	ADV
spir-11119	162	43	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	162	44	a	a	DET
spir-11119	162	45	fetishization	fetishization	NOUN
spir-11119	162	46	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	162	47	data	datum	NOUN
spir-11119	162	48	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	162	49	the	the	DET
spir-11119	162	50	overlooking	overlooking	NOUN
spir-11119	162	51	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	162	52	human	human	ADJ
spir-11119	162	53	elements	element	NOUN
spir-11119	162	54	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	162	55	agency	agency	NOUN
spir-11119	162	56	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	162	57	urban	urban	ADJ
spir-11119	162	58	processes	process	NOUN
spir-11119	162	59	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	162	60	barns	barn	NOUN
spir-11119	162	61	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	162	62	2020	2020	NUM
spir-11119	162	63	;	;	PUNCT
spir-11119	162	64	mattern	mattern	NOUN
spir-11119	162	65	2017	2017	NUM
spir-11119	162	66	;	;	PUNCT
spir-11119	162	67	van	van	PROPN
spir-11119	162	68	der	der	PROPN
spir-11119	162	69	graaf	graaf	PROPN
spir-11119	162	70	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	162	71	ballon	ballon	PROPN
spir-11119	162	72	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	162	73	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	162	74	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	162	75	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	163	1	this	this	PRON
spir-11119	163	2	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	163	3	not	not	PART
spir-11119	163	4	new	new	ADJ
spir-11119	163	5	as	as	ADP
spir-11119	163	6	research	research	NOUN
spir-11119	163	7	into	into	ADP
spir-11119	163	8	the	the	DET
spir-11119	163	9	history	history	NOUN
spir-11119	163	10	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	163	11	media	medium	NOUN
spir-11119	163	12	has	have	AUX
spir-11119	163	13	shown	show	VERB
spir-11119	163	14	that	that	SCONJ
spir-11119	163	15	when	when	SCONJ
spir-11119	163	16	public	public	ADJ
spir-11119	163	17	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	163	18	intellectual	intellectual	ADJ
spir-11119	163	19	concerns	concern	NOUN
spir-11119	163	20	over	over	ADP
spir-11119	163	21	state	state	NOUN
spir-11119	163	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	163	23	commercial	commercial	ADJ
spir-11119	163	24	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	163	25	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	163	26	media	medium	NOUN
spir-11119	163	27	power	power	NOUN
spir-11119	163	28	are	be	AUX
spir-11119	163	29	high	high	ADJ
spir-11119	163	30	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	163	31	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	163	32	when	when	SCONJ
spir-11119	163	33	new	new	ADJ
spir-11119	163	34	technologies	technology	NOUN
spir-11119	163	35	emerge	emerge	VERB
spir-11119	163	36	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	163	37	critical	critical	ADJ
spir-11119	163	38	attention	attention	NOUN
spir-11119	163	39	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	163	40	rightly	rightly	ADV
spir-11119	163	41	drawn	draw	VERB
spir-11119	163	42	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	163	43	the	the	DET
spir-11119	163	44	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	163	45	’s	’s	PART
spir-11119	163	46	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	163	47	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	163	48	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	163	49	media	medium	NOUN
spir-11119	163	50	’s	’s	PART
spir-11119	163	51	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	163	52	ideological	ideological	ADJ
spir-11119	163	53	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-11119	163	54	on	on	ADP
spir-11119	163	55	and/	and/	PROPN
spir-11119	163	56	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	163	57	economic	economic	ADJ
spir-11119	163	58	exploitation	exploitation	NOUN
spir-11119	163	59	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	163	60	users	user	NOUN
spir-11119	163	61	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	164	1	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	164	2	other	other	ADJ
spir-11119	164	3	words	word	NOUN
spir-11119	164	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	164	5	claims	claim	NOUN
spir-11119	164	6	about	about	ADP
spir-11119	164	7	users	user	NOUN
spir-11119	164	8	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	164	9	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	164	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	164	11	audiences	audience	NOUN
spir-11119	164	12	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	164	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	164	14	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	164	15	times	time	NOUN
spir-11119	164	16	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	164	17	profound	profound	ADJ
spir-11119	164	18	changes	change	NOUN
spir-11119	164	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	164	20	go	go	VERB
spir-11119	164	21	handin	handin	NOUN
spir-11119	164	22	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	164	23	hand	hand	NOUN
spir-11119	164	24	with	with	ADP
spir-11119	164	25	reasserting	reassert	VERB
spir-11119	164	26	rather	rather	ADV
spir-11119	164	27	rigid	rigid	ADJ
spir-11119	164	28	accounts	account	NOUN
spir-11119	164	29	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	164	30	power	power	NOUN
spir-11119	164	31	that	that	PRON
spir-11119	164	32	tend	tend	VERB
spir-11119	164	33	to	to	PART
spir-11119	164	34	downplay	downplay	VERB
spir-11119	164	35	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	164	36	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	164	37	preclude	preclude	VERB
spir-11119	164	38	users	user	NOUN
spir-11119	164	39	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	164	40	the	the	DET
spir-11119	164	41	significance	significance	NOUN
spir-11119	164	42	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	164	43	their	their	PRON
spir-11119	164	44	everyday	everyday	ADJ
spir-11119	164	45	life	life	NOUN
spir-11119	164	46	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	164	47	katz	katz	PROPN
spir-11119	164	48	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	164	49	1980	1980	NUM
spir-11119	164	50	;	;	PUNCT
spir-11119	164	51	livingstone	livingstone	PROPN
spir-11119	164	52	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	164	53	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	164	54	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	164	55	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	165	1	precisely	precisely	ADV
spir-11119	165	2	such	such	ADJ
spir-11119	165	3	concerns	concern	NOUN
spir-11119	165	4	warrant	warrant	VERB
spir-11119	165	5	the	the	DET
spir-11119	165	6	investigation	investigation	NOUN
spir-11119	165	7	into	into	ADP
spir-11119	165	8	the	the	DET
spir-11119	165	9	framing	framing	NOUN
spir-11119	165	10	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	165	11	citizen	citizen	NOUN
spir-11119	165	12	roles	role	NOUN
spir-11119	165	13	as	as	ADP
spir-11119	165	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	165	15	interestingly	interestingly	ADV
spir-11119	165	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	165	17	the	the	DET
spir-11119	165	18	majority	majority	NOUN
spir-11119	165	19	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	165	20	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	165	21	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	165	22	based	base	VERB
spir-11119	165	23	initiatives	initiative	NOUN
spir-11119	165	24	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	165	25	the	the	DET
spir-11119	165	26	urban	urban	ADJ
spir-11119	165	27	context	context	NOUN
spir-11119	165	28	assert	assert	VERB
spir-11119	165	29	to	to	PART
spir-11119	165	30	be	be	AUX
spir-11119	165	31	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	165	32	citizen	citizen	NOUN
spir-11119	165	33	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	165	34	focused	focus	VERB
spir-11119	165	35	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	165	36	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	165	37	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	165	38	citizen	citizen	ADJ
spir-11119	165	39	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	165	40	centric	centric	NOUN
spir-11119	165	41	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	165	42	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	165	43	which	which	PRON
spir-11119	165	44	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	165	45	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	165	46	at	at	ADP
spir-11119	165	47	the	the	DET
spir-11119	165	48	same	same	ADJ
spir-11119	165	49	time	time	NOUN
spir-11119	165	50	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	165	51	arguably	arguably	ADV
spir-11119	165	52	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	165	53	being	be	AUX
spir-11119	165	54	challenged	challenge	VERB
spir-11119	165	55	by	by	ADP
spir-11119	165	56	a	a	DET
spir-11119	165	57	data	data	NOUN
spir-11119	165	58	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	165	59	centred	centre	VERB
spir-11119	165	60	discourse	discourse	NOUN
spir-11119	165	61	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	165	62	focus	focus	VERB
spir-11119	165	63	on	on	ADP
spir-11119	165	64	the	the	DET
spir-11119	165	65	collection	collection	NOUN
spir-11119	165	66	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	165	67	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	165	68	intimate	intimate	ADJ
spir-11119	165	69	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	165	70	information	information	NOUN
spir-11119	165	71	that	that	PRON
spir-11119	165	72	can	can	AUX
spir-11119	165	73	speak	speak	VERB
spir-11119	165	74	on	on	ADP
spir-11119	165	75	behalf	behalf	NOUN
spir-11119	165	76	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	165	77	citizens	citizen	NOUN
spir-11119	165	78	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	166	1	across	across	ADP
spir-11119	166	2	the	the	DET
spir-11119	166	3	diverse	diverse	ADJ
spir-11119	166	4	range	range	NOUN
spir-11119	166	5	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	166	6	methods	method	NOUN
spir-11119	166	7	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	166	8	datafying	datafye	VERB
spir-11119	166	9	citizens	citizen	NOUN
spir-11119	166	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	166	11	their	their	PRON
spir-11119	166	12	values	value	NOUN
spir-11119	166	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	166	14	rights	right	NOUN
spir-11119	166	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	166	16	self	self	NOUN
spir-11119	166	17	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	166	18	governance	governance	NOUN
spir-11119	166	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	166	20	so	so	ADV
spir-11119	166	21	forth	forth	ADV
spir-11119	166	22	have	have	AUX
spir-11119	166	23	so	so	ADV
spir-11119	166	24	far	far	ADV
spir-11119	166	25	not	not	PART
spir-11119	166	26	been	be	AUX
spir-11119	166	27	much	much	ADV
spir-11119	166	28	vigorously	vigorously	ADV
spir-11119	166	29	considered	consider	VERB
spir-11119	166	30	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	166	31	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	166	32	hence	hence	ADV
spir-11119	166	33	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	166	34	critically	critically	ADV
spir-11119	166	35	reflecting	reflect	VERB
spir-11119	166	36	on	on	ADP
spir-11119	166	37	this	this	DET
spir-11119	166	38	trend	trend	NOUN
spir-11119	166	39	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	166	40	this	this	DET
spir-11119	166	41	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-11119	166	42	’s	’s	PART
spir-11119	166	43	contribution	contribution	NOUN
spir-11119	166	44	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	166	45	threefold	threefold	ADJ
spir-11119	166	46	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	167	1	it	it	PRON
spir-11119	167	2	aims	aim	VERB
spir-11119	167	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	167	4	1	1	X
spir-11119	167	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	167	6	to	to	PART
spir-11119	167	7	examine	examine	VERB
spir-11119	167	8	the	the	DET
spir-11119	167	9	citizens	citizen	NOUN
spir-11119	167	10	'	'	PART
spir-11119	167	11	participation	participation	NOUN
spir-11119	167	12	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	167	13	governance	governance	NOUN
spir-11119	167	14	endeavours	endeavour	NOUN
spir-11119	167	15	;	;	PUNCT
spir-11119	167	16	2	2	X
spir-11119	167	17	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	167	18	to	to	PART
spir-11119	167	19	identify	identify	VERB
spir-11119	167	20	the	the	DET
spir-11119	167	21	attention	attention	NOUN
spir-11119	167	22	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	167	23	the	the	DET
spir-11119	167	24	value	value	NOUN
spir-11119	167	25	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	167	26	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN
spir-11119	167	27	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
spir-11119	167	28	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	167	29	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	167	30	governance	governance	NOUN
spir-11119	167	31	;	;	PUNCT
spir-11119	167	32	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	167	33	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	167	34	3	3	X
spir-11119	167	35	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	167	36	to	to	PART
spir-11119	167	37	study	study	VERB
spir-11119	167	38	novel	novel	ADJ
spir-11119	167	39	institutional	institutional	ADJ
spir-11119	167	40	practices	practice	NOUN
spir-11119	167	41	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	167	42	governance	governance	NOUN
spir-11119	167	43	at	at	ADP
spir-11119	167	44	a	a	DET
spir-11119	167	45	time	time	NOUN
spir-11119	167	46	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	167	47	myriad	myriad	ADJ
spir-11119	167	48	blackboxed	blackboxe	VERB
spir-11119	167	49	systems	system	NOUN
spir-11119	167	50	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	167	51	owned	own	VERB
spir-11119	167	52	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	167	53	operated	operate	VERB
spir-11119	167	54	by	by	ADP
spir-11119	167	55	various	various	ADJ
spir-11119	167	56	companies	company	NOUN
spir-11119	167	57	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	167	58	while	while	SCONJ
spir-11119	167	59	little	little	ADJ
spir-11119	167	60	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	167	61	known	know	VERB
spir-11119	167	62	about	about	ADP
spir-11119	167	63	what	what	PRON
spir-11119	167	64	organisational	organisational	ADJ
spir-11119	167	65	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	167	66	management	management	NOUN
spir-11119	167	67	commitments	commitment	NOUN
spir-11119	167	68	are	be	AUX
spir-11119	167	69	embedded	embed	VERB
spir-11119	167	70	within	within	ADP
spir-11119	167	71	them	they	PRON
spir-11119	167	72	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	167	73	how	how	SCONJ
spir-11119	167	74	new	new	ADJ
spir-11119	167	75	forms	form	NOUN
spir-11119	167	76	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	167	77	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	167	78	communal	communal	ADJ
spir-11119	167	79	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	167	80	organisation	organisation	NOUN
spir-11119	167	81	emerge	emerge	VERB
spir-11119	167	82	through	through	ADP
spir-11119	167	83	their	their	PRON
spir-11119	167	84	use	use	NOUN
spir-11119	167	85	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	168	1	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	168	2	order	order	NOUN
spir-11119	168	3	to	to	PART
spir-11119	168	4	do	do	AUX
spir-11119	168	5	this	this	PRON
spir-11119	168	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	168	7	the	the	DET
spir-11119	168	8	focus	focus	NOUN
spir-11119	168	9	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	168	10	on	on	ADP
spir-11119	168	11	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	168	12	business	business	NOUN
spir-11119	168	13	models	model	NOUN
spir-11119	168	14	as	as	SCONJ
spir-11119	168	15	they	they	PRON
spir-11119	168	16	dictate	dictate	VERB
spir-11119	168	17	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	168	18	private	private	ADJ
spir-11119	168	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	168	20	public	public	ADJ
spir-11119	168	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	168	22	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	168	23	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	168	24	non	non	ADJ
spir-11119	168	25	-	-	ADJ
spir-11119	168	26	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	168	27	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	168	28	profit	profit	NOUN
spir-11119	168	29	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	168	30	actors	actor	NOUN
spir-11119	168	31	’	’	PART
spir-11119	168	32	roles	role	NOUN
spir-11119	168	33	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	168	34	all	all	DET
spir-11119	168	35	this	this	PRON
spir-11119	168	36	entails	entail	VERB
spir-11119	168	37	as	as	ADP
spir-11119	168	38	the	the	DET
spir-11119	168	39	underlying	underlie	VERB
spir-11119	168	40	layer	layer	NOUN
spir-11119	168	41	behind	behind	ADP
spir-11119	168	42	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	168	43	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	168	44	economic	economic	ADJ
spir-11119	168	45	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	168	46	social	social	ADJ
spir-11119	168	47	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	168	48	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	168	49	environmental	environmental	ADJ
spir-11119	168	50	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	168	51	behavior	behavior	NOUN
spir-11119	168	52	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	168	53	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	168	54	magretta	magretta	PROPN
spir-11119	168	55	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	168	56	2002	2002	NUM
spir-11119	168	57	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	168	58	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	169	1	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	169	2	doing	do	VERB
spir-11119	169	3	so	so	ADV
spir-11119	169	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	169	5	examining	examine	VERB
spir-11119	169	6	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	169	7	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	169	8	business	business	NOUN
spir-11119	169	9	models	model	NOUN
spir-11119	169	10	yields	yield	VERB
spir-11119	169	11	insights	insight	NOUN
spir-11119	169	12	into	into	ADP
spir-11119	169	13	their	their	PRON
spir-11119	169	14	governance	governance	NOUN
spir-11119	169	15	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	170	1	although	although	SCONJ
spir-11119	170	2	all	all	DET
spir-11119	170	3	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	170	4	are	be	AUX
spir-11119	170	5	built	build	VERB
spir-11119	170	6	on	on	ADP
spir-11119	170	7	open	open	ADJ
spir-11119	170	8	business	business	NOUN
spir-11119	170	9	models	model	NOUN
spir-11119	170	10	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	170	11	fehrer	fehrer	ADV
spir-11119	170	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	170	13	woratschek	woratschek	NOUN
spir-11119	170	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	170	15	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	170	16	brodie	brodie	PROPN
spir-11119	170	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	170	18	2018	2018	NUM
spir-11119	170	19	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	170	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	170	21	they	they	PRON
spir-11119	170	22	do	do	AUX
spir-11119	170	23	not	not	PART
spir-11119	170	24	use	use	VERB
spir-11119	170	25	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
spir-11119	170	26	models	model	NOUN
spir-11119	170	27	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	170	28	the	the	DET
spir-11119	170	29	same	same	ADJ
spir-11119	170	30	way	way	NOUN
spir-11119	170	31	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	171	1	identifying	identify	VERB
spir-11119	171	2	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	171	3	classifying	classify	VERB
spir-11119	171	4	open	open	ADJ
spir-11119	171	5	business	business	NOUN
spir-11119	171	6	model(s	model(s	PROPN
spir-11119	171	7	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	171	8	behind	behind	ADP
spir-11119	171	9	a	a	DET
spir-11119	171	10	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	171	11	facilitates	facilitate	VERB
spir-11119	171	12	the	the	DET
spir-11119	171	13	investigation	investigation	NOUN
spir-11119	171	14	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	171	15	behavior	behavior	NOUN
spir-11119	171	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	171	17	potential	potential	ADJ
spir-11119	171	18	harms	harm	NOUN
spir-11119	171	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	171	20	sensitive	sensitive	ADJ
spir-11119	171	21	stakeholder	stakeholder	NOUN
spir-11119	171	22	groups	group	NOUN
spir-11119	171	23	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	171	24	sustainability	sustainability	NOUN
spir-11119	171	25	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	171	26	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	171	27	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
spir-11119	171	28	policy	policy	NOUN
spir-11119	171	29	measures	measure	NOUN
spir-11119	171	30	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	172	1	several	several	ADJ
spir-11119	172	2	classifications	classification	NOUN
spir-11119	172	3	are	be	AUX
spir-11119	172	4	proposed	propose	VERB
spir-11119	172	5	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	172	6	the	the	DET
spir-11119	172	7	literature	literature	NOUN
spir-11119	172	8	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	172	9	open	open	ADJ
spir-11119	172	10	business	business	NOUN
spir-11119	172	11	models	model	NOUN
spir-11119	172	12	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	172	13	frankenberger	frankenberger	ADJ
spir-11119	172	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	172	15	weiblen	weiblen	ADJ
spir-11119	172	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	172	17	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	172	18	gassmann	gassmann	NOUN
spir-11119	172	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	172	20	2013	2013	NUM
spir-11119	172	21	;	;	PUNCT
spir-11119	172	22	kortmann	kortmann	PROPN
spir-11119	172	23	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	172	24	piller	piller	NOUN
spir-11119	172	25	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	172	26	2016	2016	NUM
spir-11119	172	27	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	172	28	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	172	29	yet	yet	CCONJ
spir-11119	172	30	a	a	DET
spir-11119	172	31	perspective	perspective	NOUN
spir-11119	172	32	on	on	ADP
spir-11119	172	33	studying	study	VERB
spir-11119	172	34	governance	governance	NOUN
spir-11119	172	35	can	can	AUX
spir-11119	172	36	not	not	PART
spir-11119	172	37	be	be	AUX
spir-11119	172	38	easily	easily	ADV
spir-11119	172	39	distilled	distil	VERB
spir-11119	172	40	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	172	41	the	the	DET
spir-11119	172	42	literature	literature	NOUN
spir-11119	172	43	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	173	1	to	to	PART
spir-11119	173	2	bridge	bridge	VERB
spir-11119	173	3	the	the	DET
spir-11119	173	4	identified	identify	VERB
spir-11119	173	5	gap	gap	NOUN
spir-11119	173	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	173	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	173	8	to	to	PART
spir-11119	173	9	get	get	VERB
spir-11119	173	10	insights	insight	NOUN
spir-11119	173	11	regarding	regard	VERB
spir-11119	173	12	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	173	13	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	173	14	governance	governance	NOUN
spir-11119	173	15	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	173	16	a	a	DET
spir-11119	173	17	way	way	NOUN
spir-11119	173	18	to	to	PART
spir-11119	173	19	support	support	VERB
spir-11119	173	20	public	public	ADJ
spir-11119	173	21	values	value	NOUN
spir-11119	173	22	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	173	23	mazzucato	mazzucato	NOUN
spir-11119	173	24	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	173	25	ryan	ryan	PROPN
spir-11119	173	26	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	173	27	collins	collins	PROPN
spir-11119	173	28	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	173	29	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	173	30	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	173	31	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	173	32	a	a	DET
spir-11119	173	33	framework	framework	NOUN
spir-11119	173	34	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	173	35	developed	develop	VERB
spir-11119	173	36	to	to	PART
spir-11119	173	37	classify	classify	VERB
spir-11119	173	38	several	several	ADJ
spir-11119	173	39	types	type	NOUN
spir-11119	173	40	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	173	41	open	open	ADJ
spir-11119	173	42	business	business	NOUN
spir-11119	173	43	models	model	NOUN
spir-11119	173	44	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	174	1	positioning	position	VERB
spir-11119	174	2	a	a	DET
spir-11119	174	3	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	174	4	’s	’s	PART
spir-11119	174	5	business	business	NOUN
spir-11119	174	6	model	model	NOUN
spir-11119	174	7	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	174	8	this	this	DET
spir-11119	174	9	framework	framework	NOUN
spir-11119	174	10	gives	give	VERB
spir-11119	174	11	insights	insight	NOUN
spir-11119	174	12	regarding	regard	VERB
spir-11119	174	13	their	their	PRON
spir-11119	174	14	governance	governance	NOUN
spir-11119	174	15	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	175	1	more	more	ADV
spir-11119	175	2	specifically	specifically	ADV
spir-11119	175	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	175	4	this	this	DET
spir-11119	175	5	study	study	NOUN
spir-11119	175	6	explores	explore	VERB
spir-11119	175	7	differences	difference	NOUN
spir-11119	175	8	between	between	ADP
spir-11119	175	9	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	175	10	open	open	ADJ
spir-11119	175	11	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	175	12	business	business	NOUN
spir-11119	175	13	models	model	NOUN
spir-11119	175	14	vis	vis	X
spir-11119	175	15	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	175	16	a	a	X
spir-11119	175	17	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	175	18	vis	vis	X
spir-11119	175	19	what	what	PRON
spir-11119	175	20	makes	make	VERB
spir-11119	175	21	their	their	PRON
spir-11119	175	22	governance	governance	NOUN
spir-11119	175	23	different	different	ADJ
spir-11119	175	24	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	176	1	applying	apply	VERB
spir-11119	176	2	a	a	DET
spir-11119	176	3	mixed	mixed	ADJ
spir-11119	176	4	methods	method	NOUN
spir-11119	176	5	approach	approach	NOUN
spir-11119	176	6	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	176	7	tashakkori	tashakkori	NOUN
spir-11119	176	8	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	176	9	teddlie	teddlie	NOUN
spir-11119	176	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	176	11	2003	2003	NUM
spir-11119	176	12	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	176	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	176	14	it	it	PRON
spir-11119	176	15	first	first	ADV
spir-11119	176	16	develops	develop	VERB
spir-11119	176	17	a	a	DET
spir-11119	176	18	three	three	NUM
spir-11119	176	19	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	176	20	dimensional	dimensional	ADJ
spir-11119	176	21	framework	framework	NOUN
spir-11119	176	22	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	176	23	open	open	ADJ
spir-11119	176	24	business	business	NOUN
spir-11119	176	25	models	model	NOUN
spir-11119	176	26	by	by	ADP
spir-11119	176	27	following	follow	VERB
spir-11119	176	28	a	a	DET
spir-11119	176	29	multi	multi	ADJ
spir-11119	176	30	-	-	ADJ
spir-11119	176	31	stakeholder	stakeholder	NOUN
spir-11119	176	32	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	176	33	ecosystem	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-11119	176	34	perspective	perspective	NOUN
spir-11119	176	35	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	177	1	guided	guide	VERB
spir-11119	177	2	by	by	ADP
spir-11119	177	3	this	this	DET
spir-11119	177	4	framework	framework	NOUN
spir-11119	177	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	177	6	the	the	DET
spir-11119	177	7	research	research	NOUN
spir-11119	177	8	systematically	systematically	ADV
spir-11119	177	9	analyzes	analyze	VERB
spir-11119	177	10	several	several	ADJ
spir-11119	177	11	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	177	12	with	with	ADP
spir-11119	177	13	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	177	14	potential	potential	ADJ
spir-11119	177	15	implication	implication	NOUN
spir-11119	177	16	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	177	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	177	18	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	177	19	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	177	20	relevance	relevance	NOUN
spir-11119	177	21	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	177	22	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	177	23	city	city	NOUN
spir-11119	177	24	governance	governance	NOUN
spir-11119	177	25	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	177	26	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	178	1	data	datum	NOUN
spir-11119	178	2	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	178	3	collected	collect	VERB
spir-11119	178	4	based	base	VERB
spir-11119	178	5	on	on	ADP
spir-11119	178	6	secondary	secondary	ADJ
spir-11119	178	7	sources	source	NOUN
spir-11119	178	8	which	which	PRON
spir-11119	178	9	follows	follow	VERB
spir-11119	178	10	prior	prior	ADJ
spir-11119	178	11	empirical	empirical	ADJ
spir-11119	178	12	research	research	NOUN
spir-11119	178	13	on	on	ADP
spir-11119	178	14	business	business	NOUN
spir-11119	178	15	models	model	NOUN
spir-11119	178	16	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	179	1	cf	cf	NOUN
spir-11119	179	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	180	1	zott	zott	PROPN
spir-11119	180	2	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	180	3	amit	amit	PROPN
spir-11119	180	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	180	5	2008	2008	NUM
spir-11119	180	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	180	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	181	1	cases	case	NOUN
spir-11119	181	2	'	'	PART
spir-11119	181	3	business	business	NOUN
spir-11119	181	4	models	model	NOUN
spir-11119	181	5	are	be	AUX
spir-11119	181	6	positioned	position	VERB
spir-11119	181	7	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	181	8	the	the	DET
spir-11119	181	9	proposed	propose	VERB
spir-11119	181	10	framework	framework	NOUN
spir-11119	181	11	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	181	12	then	then	ADV
spir-11119	181	13	the	the	DET
spir-11119	181	14	gathered	gather	VERB
spir-11119	181	15	data	datum	NOUN
spir-11119	181	16	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	181	17	analyzed	analyze	VERB
spir-11119	181	18	with	with	ADP
spir-11119	181	19	cluster	cluster	NOUN
spir-11119	181	20	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-11119	181	21	techniques	technique	NOUN
spir-11119	181	22	to	to	PART
spir-11119	181	23	develop	develop	VERB
spir-11119	181	24	a	a	DET
spir-11119	181	25	taxonomy	taxonomy	NOUN
spir-11119	181	26	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	181	27	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	181	28	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	181	29	governance	governance	NOUN
spir-11119	181	30	through	through	ADP
spir-11119	181	31	identifying	identify	VERB
spir-11119	181	32	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	181	33	classifying	classify	VERB
spir-11119	181	34	their	their	PRON
spir-11119	181	35	open	open	ADJ
spir-11119	181	36	business	business	NOUN
spir-11119	181	37	models	model	NOUN
spir-11119	181	38	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	182	1	accepting	accept	VERB
spir-11119	182	2	this	this	PRON
spir-11119	182	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	182	4	the	the	DET
spir-11119	182	5	findings	finding	NOUN
spir-11119	182	6	subscribe	subscribe	VERB
spir-11119	182	7	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	182	8	a	a	DET
spir-11119	182	9	distributed	distribute	VERB
spir-11119	182	10	accomplishment	accomplishment	NOUN
spir-11119	182	11	perspective	perspective	NOUN
spir-11119	182	12	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	182	13	multistakeholder	multistakeholder	NOUN
spir-11119	182	14	practices	practice	NOUN
spir-11119	182	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	182	16	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	182	17	self)-governance	self)-governance	NOUN
spir-11119	182	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	182	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	182	20	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	182	21	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	182	22	politics	politic	NOUN
spir-11119	182	23	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	182	24	underpinned	underpin	VERB
spir-11119	182	25	by	by	ADP
spir-11119	182	26	the	the	DET
spir-11119	182	27	objective	objective	NOUN
spir-11119	182	28	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	182	29	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN
spir-11119	182	30	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	182	31	sustainability	sustainability	NOUN
spir-11119	182	32	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
spir-11119	182	33	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	182	34	the	the	DET
spir-11119	182	35	role	role	NOUN
spir-11119	182	36	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	182	37	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	182	38	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	182	39	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	182	40	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	182	41	public	public	ADJ
spir-11119	182	42	service	service	NOUN
spir-11119	182	43	delivery	delivery	NOUN
spir-11119	182	44	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	183	1	references	reference	NOUN
spir-11119	183	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	183	3	barns	barn	NOUN
spir-11119	183	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	183	5	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-11119	183	6	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	183	7	2020	2020	NUM
spir-11119	183	8	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	183	9	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	183	10	urbanism	urbanism	NOUN
spir-11119	183	11	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	183	12	negotiating	negotiate	VERB
spir-11119	183	13	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	183	14	ecosystems	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-11119	183	15	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	183	16	connected	connected	ADJ
spir-11119	183	17	cities	city	NOUN
spir-11119	183	18	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	184	1	singapore	singapore	PROPN
spir-11119	184	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	184	3	palgrave	palgrave	PROPN
spir-11119	184	4	macmillan	macmillan	PROPN
spir-11119	184	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	185	1	chesbrough	chesbrough	PROPN
spir-11119	185	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	185	3	h.	h.	PROPN
spir-11119	185	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	185	5	2006	2006	NUM
spir-11119	185	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	185	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	186	1	open	open	ADJ
spir-11119	186	2	business	business	NOUN
spir-11119	186	3	models	model	NOUN
spir-11119	186	4	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	186	5	how	how	SCONJ
spir-11119	186	6	to	to	PART
spir-11119	186	7	thrive	thrive	VERB
spir-11119	186	8	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	186	9	the	the	DET
spir-11119	186	10	new	new	ADJ
spir-11119	186	11	innovation	innovation	NOUN
spir-11119	186	12	landscape	landscape	NOUN
spir-11119	186	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	187	1	harvard	harvard	PROPN
spir-11119	187	2	business	business	PROPN
spir-11119	187	3	press	press	PROPN
spir-11119	187	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	188	1	coletta	coletta	PROPN
spir-11119	188	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	188	3	c.	c.	NOUN
spir-11119	188	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	188	5	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	188	6	kitchin	kitchin	PROPN
spir-11119	188	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	188	8	r.	r.	PROPN
spir-11119	188	9	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	188	10	2017	2017	NUM
spir-11119	188	11	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	188	12	algorithmic	algorithmic	ADJ
spir-11119	188	13	governance	governance	NOUN
spir-11119	188	14	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	188	15	regulating	regulate	VERB
spir-11119	188	16	the	the	DET
spir-11119	188	17	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	188	18	heartbeat	heartbeat	NOUN
spir-11119	188	19	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	188	20	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	188	21	a	a	DET
spir-11119	188	22	city	city	NOUN
spir-11119	188	23	using	use	VERB
spir-11119	188	24	the	the	DET
spir-11119	188	25	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-11119	188	26	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	188	27	things	thing	NOUN
spir-11119	188	28	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	189	1	big	big	ADJ
spir-11119	189	2	data	datum	NOUN
spir-11119	189	3	&	&	CCONJ
spir-11119	189	4	society	society	NOUN
spir-11119	189	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	189	6	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-11119	189	7	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	189	8	10.1177/2053951717742418	10.1177/2053951717742418	NUM
spir-11119	189	9	cusumano	cusumano	NOUN
spir-11119	189	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	189	11	m.a	m.a	PROPN
spir-11119	189	12	.	.	PROPN
spir-11119	189	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	189	14	gawer	gawer	NOUN
spir-11119	189	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	189	16	a.	a.	NOUN
spir-11119	189	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	189	18	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	189	19	yoffie	yoffie	PROPN
spir-11119	189	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	189	21	d.b	d.b	PROPN
spir-11119	189	22	.	.	PROPN
spir-11119	189	23	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	189	24	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	189	25	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	189	26	the	the	DET
spir-11119	189	27	business	business	NOUN
spir-11119	189	28	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	189	29	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	189	30	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	189	31	strategy	strategy	NOUN
spir-11119	189	32	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	189	33	the	the	DET
spir-11119	189	34	age	age	NOUN
spir-11119	189	35	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	189	36	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-11119	189	37	competition	competition	NOUN
spir-11119	189	38	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	189	39	innovation	innovation	NOUN
spir-11119	189	40	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	189	41	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	189	42	power	power	NOUN
spir-11119	189	43	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	190	1	new	new	PROPN
spir-11119	190	2	york	york	PROPN
spir-11119	190	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	190	4	harper	harper	NOUN
spir-11119	190	5	business	business	PROPN
spir-11119	190	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	191	1	fehrer	fehrer	PROPN
spir-11119	191	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	191	3	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-11119	191	4	a.	a.	PROPN
spir-11119	191	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	191	6	woratschek	woratschek	PROPN
spir-11119	191	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	191	8	h.	h.	PROPN
spir-11119	191	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	191	10	&	&	CCONJ
spir-11119	191	11	brodie	brodie	PROPN
spir-11119	191	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	191	13	r.	r.	PROPN
spir-11119	191	14	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-11119	191	15	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	191	16	2018	2018	NUM
spir-11119	191	17	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	191	18	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	192	1	a	a	DET
spir-11119	192	2	systemic	systemic	ADJ
spir-11119	192	3	logic	logic	NOUN
spir-11119	192	4	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	192	5	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	192	6	business	business	NOUN
spir-11119	192	7	models	model	NOUN
spir-11119	192	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	193	1	journal	journal	NOUN
spir-11119	193	2	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	193	3	service	service	NOUN
spir-11119	193	4	management	management	NOUN
spir-11119	193	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	194	1	frankenberger	frankenberger	PROPN
spir-11119	194	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	194	3	k.	k.	PROPN
spir-11119	194	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	194	5	weiblen	weiblen	PROPN
spir-11119	194	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	194	7	t.	t.	PROPN
spir-11119	194	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	194	9	&	&	CCONJ
spir-11119	194	10	gassmann	gassmann	PROPN
spir-11119	194	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	194	12	o.	o.	PROPN
spir-11119	194	13	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	194	14	2013	2013	NUM
spir-11119	194	15	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	194	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	195	1	network	network	NOUN
spir-11119	195	2	configuration	configuration	NOUN
spir-11119	195	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	195	4	customer	customer	NOUN
spir-11119	195	5	centricity	centricity	NOUN
spir-11119	195	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	195	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	195	8	performance	performance	NOUN
spir-11119	195	9	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	195	10	open	open	ADJ
spir-11119	195	11	business	business	NOUN
spir-11119	195	12	models	model	NOUN
spir-11119	195	13	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	195	14	a	a	DET
spir-11119	195	15	solution	solution	NOUN
spir-11119	195	16	provider	provider	NOUN
spir-11119	195	17	perspective	perspective	NOUN
spir-11119	195	18	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	196	1	industrial	industrial	ADJ
spir-11119	196	2	marketing	marketing	NOUN
spir-11119	196	3	management	management	NOUN
spir-11119	196	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	196	5	42(5	42(5	NUM
spir-11119	196	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	196	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	196	8	671	671	NUM
spir-11119	196	9	-	-	SYM
spir-11119	196	10	682	682	NUM
spir-11119	196	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	197	1	gillespie	gillespie	PROPN
spir-11119	197	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	197	3	t.	t.	PROPN
spir-11119	197	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	197	5	2010	2010	NUM
spir-11119	197	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	197	7	politics	politic	NOUN
spir-11119	197	8	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	197	9	“	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	197	10	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	197	11	”	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	197	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	198	1	new	new	ADJ
spir-11119	198	2	media	medium	NOUN
spir-11119	198	3	&	&	CCONJ
spir-11119	198	4	society	society	NOUN
spir-11119	198	5	12(3	12(3	PROPN
spir-11119	198	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	198	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	198	8	pp	pp	ADP
spir-11119	198	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	199	1	347–364	347–364	NUM
spir-11119	199	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	199	3	doi:10.1177/1461444809342738	doi:10.1177/1461444809342738	NOUN
spir-11119	199	4	gillespie	gillespie	PROPN
spir-11119	199	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	199	6	t.	t.	NOUN
spir-11119	199	7	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	199	8	2018	2018	NUM
spir-11119	199	9	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	199	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	200	1	regulation	regulation	NOUN
spir-11119	200	2	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	200	3	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	200	4	by	by	ADP
spir-11119	200	5	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	200	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	201	1	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	201	2	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-11119	201	3	burgessa	burgessa	PROPN
spir-11119	201	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	202	1	marwick	marwick	PROPN
spir-11119	202	2	&	&	CCONJ
spir-11119	202	3	t.	t.	PROPN
spir-11119	202	4	poell	poell	PROPN
spir-11119	202	5	the	the	DET
spir-11119	202	6	sage	sage	NOUN
spir-11119	202	7	handbook	handbook	NOUN
spir-11119	202	8	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	202	9	social	social	ADJ
spir-11119	202	10	media	medium	NOUN
spir-11119	202	11	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	202	12	pp	pp	ADJ
spir-11119	202	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	203	1	254	254	NUM
spir-11119	203	2	-	-	SYM
spir-11119	203	3	278	278	NUM
spir-11119	203	4	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	203	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	204	1	55	55	NUM
spir-11119	204	2	city	city	NOUN
spir-11119	204	3	road	road	NOUN
spir-11119	204	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	204	5	london	london	PROPN
spir-11119	204	6	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	204	7	sage	sage	NOUN
spir-11119	204	8	publications	publication	NOUN
spir-11119	204	9	ltd	ltd	PROPN
spir-11119	204	10	doi	doi	PROPN
spir-11119	204	11	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	204	12	10.4135/9781473984066.n15	10.4135/9781473984066.n15	NUM
spir-11119	204	13	graham	graham	PROPN
spir-11119	204	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	204	15	m.	m.	NOUN
spir-11119	204	16	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	204	17	2020	2020	NUM
spir-11119	204	18	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	204	19	regulate	regulate	VERB
spir-11119	204	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	204	21	replicate	replicate	VERB
spir-11119	204	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	204	23	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	204	24	resist	resist	VERB
spir-11119	204	25	–	–	PUNCT
spir-11119	204	26	the	the	DET
spir-11119	204	27	conjunctural	conjunctural	ADJ
spir-11119	204	28	geographies	geography	NOUN
spir-11119	204	29	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	204	30	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	204	31	urbanism	urbanism	NOUN
spir-11119	204	32	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	204	33	urban	urban	ADJ
spir-11119	204	34	geography	geography	NOUN
spir-11119	204	35	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	204	36	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-11119	204	37	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	204	38	10.1080/02723638.2020.1717028	10.1080/02723638.2020.1717028	NUM
spir-11119	204	39	katz	katz	PROPN
spir-11119	204	40	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	204	41	e.	e.	PROPN
spir-11119	204	42	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	204	43	1980	1980	NUM
spir-11119	204	44	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	204	45	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	205	1	on	on	ADP
spir-11119	205	2	conceptualising	conceptualise	VERB
spir-11119	205	3	media	medium	NOUN
spir-11119	205	4	effects	effect	NOUN
spir-11119	205	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	206	1	studies	study	NOUN
spir-11119	206	2	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	206	3	communication	communication	NOUN
spir-11119	206	4	1	1	NUM
spir-11119	206	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	206	6	pp	pp	ADJ
spir-11119	206	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	207	1	119–41	119–41	X
spir-11119	207	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	208	1	kitchin	kitchin	PROPN
spir-11119	208	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	208	3	r.	r.	PROPN
spir-11119	208	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	208	5	cardullo	cardullo	PROPN
spir-11119	208	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	208	7	p.	p.	NOUN
spir-11119	208	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	208	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	208	10	di	di	NOUN
spir-11119	208	11	feliciantonio	feliciantonio	PROPN
spir-11119	208	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	208	13	c.	c.	PROPN
spir-11119	208	14	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	208	15	2018	2018	NUM
spir-11119	208	16	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	208	17	citizenship	citizenship	NOUN
spir-11119	208	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	208	19	justice	justice	NOUN
spir-11119	208	20	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	208	21	the	the	DET
spir-11119	208	22	right	right	NOUN
spir-11119	208	23	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	208	24	the	the	DET
spir-11119	208	25	smart	smart	ADJ
spir-11119	208	26	city	city	NOUN
spir-11119	208	27	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	208	28	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-11119	208	29	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	208	30	10.31235	10.31235	NUM
spir-11119	208	31	/	/	SYM
spir-11119	208	32	osf.io	osf.io	PROPN
spir-11119	208	33	/	/	SYM
spir-11119	208	34	b8aq5	b8aq5	NOUN
spir-11119	208	35	kortmann	kortmann	PROPN
spir-11119	208	36	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	208	37	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-11119	208	38	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	208	39	&	&	CCONJ
spir-11119	208	40	piller	piller	PROPN
spir-11119	208	41	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	208	42	f.	f.	PROPN
spir-11119	208	43	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	208	44	2016	2016	NUM
spir-11119	208	45	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	208	46	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	209	1	open	open	ADJ
spir-11119	209	2	business	business	NOUN
spir-11119	209	3	models	model	NOUN
spir-11119	209	4	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	209	5	closed	closed	ADJ
spir-11119	209	6	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	209	7	loop	loop	NOUN
spir-11119	209	8	value	value	NOUN
spir-11119	209	9	chains	chain	NOUN
spir-11119	209	10	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	209	11	redefining	redefine	VERB
spir-11119	209	12	the	the	DET
spir-11119	209	13	firm	firm	ADJ
spir-11119	209	14	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	209	15	consumer	consumer	NOUN
spir-11119	209	16	relationship	relationship	NOUN
spir-11119	209	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	210	1	california	california	PROPN
spir-11119	210	2	management	management	PROPN
spir-11119	210	3	review	review	PROPN
spir-11119	210	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	210	5	58(3	58(3	NUM
spir-11119	210	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	210	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	210	8	88108	88108	NUM
spir-11119	210	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	211	1	livingstone	livingstone	PROPN
spir-11119	211	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	211	3	l.	l.	PROPN
spir-11119	211	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	211	5	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	211	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	211	7	audiences	audience	NOUN
spir-11119	211	8	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	211	9	an	an	DET
spir-11119	211	10	age	age	NOUN
spir-11119	211	11	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	211	12	datafication	datafication	NOUN
spir-11119	211	13	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	211	14	critical	critical	ADJ
spir-11119	211	15	questions	question	NOUN
spir-11119	211	16	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	211	17	media	medium	NOUN
spir-11119	211	18	research	research	NOUN
spir-11119	211	19	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	212	1	television	television	NOUN
spir-11119	212	2	&	&	CCONJ
spir-11119	212	3	new	new	ADJ
spir-11119	212	4	media	medium	NOUN
spir-11119	212	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	212	6	20(2	20(2	NUM
spir-11119	212	7	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	212	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	212	9	pp	pp	ADP
spir-11119	212	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	213	1	170–183	170–183	NUM
spir-11119	213	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	214	1	magretta	magretta	PROPN
spir-11119	214	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	214	3	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-11119	214	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	214	5	2002	2002	NUM
spir-11119	214	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	214	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	215	1	why	why	SCONJ
spir-11119	215	2	business	business	NOUN
spir-11119	215	3	models	model	NOUN
spir-11119	215	4	matter	matter	VERB
spir-11119	215	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	216	1	harvard	harvard	PROPN
spir-11119	216	2	business	business	PROPN
spir-11119	216	3	review	review	PROPN
spir-11119	216	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	216	5	80(5	80(5	PROPN
spir-11119	216	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	216	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	216	8	8692	8692	NUM
spir-11119	216	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	217	1	mansell	mansell	PROPN
spir-11119	217	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	217	3	r.	r.	PROPN
spir-11119	217	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	217	5	&	&	CCONJ
spir-11119	217	6	steinmueller	steinmueller	NOUN
spir-11119	217	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	217	8	w.	w.	PROPN
spir-11119	217	9	e.	e.	PROPN
spir-11119	217	10	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	217	11	2020	2020	NUM
spir-11119	217	12	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	217	13	advanced	advanced	ADJ
spir-11119	217	14	introduction	introduction	NOUN
spir-11119	217	15	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	217	16	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	217	17	economics	economic	NOUN
spir-11119	217	18	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	218	1	elgar	elgar	PROPN
spir-11119	218	2	advanced	advanced	PROPN
spir-11119	218	3	introductions	introduction	NOUN
spir-11119	218	4	series	series	PROPN
spir-11119	218	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	219	1	edward	edward	PROPN
spir-11119	219	2	elgar	elgar	PROPN
spir-11119	219	3	publishing	publishing	PROPN
spir-11119	219	4	ltd	ltd	PROPN
spir-11119	219	5	.	.	PROPN
spir-11119	219	6	isbn	isbn	PROPN
spir-11119	219	7	9781789900620	9781789900620	NUM
spir-11119	219	8	mattern	mattern	PROPN
spir-11119	219	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	219	10	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-11119	219	11	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	219	12	2017	2017	NUM
spir-11119	219	13	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	219	14	code	code	NOUN
spir-11119	219	15	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	219	16	clay	clay	NOUN
spir-11119	219	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	219	18	data	datum	NOUN
spir-11119	219	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	219	20	dirt	dirt	NOUN
spir-11119	219	21	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	219	22	five	five	NUM
spir-11119	219	23	thousand	thousand	NUM
spir-11119	219	24	years	year	NOUN
spir-11119	219	25	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	219	26	urban	urban	ADJ
spir-11119	219	27	media	medium	NOUN
spir-11119	219	28	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	220	1	minneapolis	minneapolis	PROPN
spir-11119	220	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	221	1	london	london	PROPN
spir-11119	221	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	221	3	university	university	NOUN
spir-11119	221	4	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	221	5	minnesota	minnesota	PROPN
spir-11119	221	6	press	press	PROPN
spir-11119	221	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	222	1	mazzucato	mazzucato	PROPN
spir-11119	222	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	222	3	m.	m.	NOUN
spir-11119	222	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	222	5	&	&	CCONJ
spir-11119	222	6	ryan	ryan	PROPN
spir-11119	222	7	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	222	8	collins	collins	PROPN
spir-11119	222	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	222	10	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-11119	222	11	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	222	12	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	222	13	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	222	14	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	223	1	putting	put	VERB
spir-11119	223	2	value	value	NOUN
spir-11119	223	3	creation	creation	NOUN
spir-11119	223	4	back	back	ADV
spir-11119	223	5	into	into	ADP
spir-11119	223	6	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	223	7	public	public	ADJ
spir-11119	223	8	value	value	NOUN
spir-11119	223	9	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	223	10	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	223	11	from	from	ADP
spir-11119	223	12	market	market	NOUN
spir-11119	223	13	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	223	14	fixing	fixing	NOUN
spir-11119	223	15	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	223	16	market	market	NOUN
spir-11119	223	17	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	223	18	shaping	shaping	NOUN
spir-11119	223	19	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	224	1	ucl	ucl	PROPN
spir-11119	224	2	institute	institute	PROPN
spir-11119	224	3	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	224	4	innovation	innovation	NOUN
spir-11119	224	5	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	224	6	public	public	ADJ
spir-11119	224	7	purpose	purpose	NOUN
spir-11119	224	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	224	9	24	24	NUM
spir-11119	224	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	224	11	rossi	rossi	PROPN
spir-11119	224	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	224	13	u.	u.	PROPN
spir-11119	224	14	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	224	15	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	224	16	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	224	17	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	224	18	fake	fake	ADJ
spir-11119	224	19	friends	friend	NOUN
spir-11119	224	20	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	224	21	the	the	DET
spir-11119	224	22	illusionist	illusionist	NOUN
spir-11119	224	23	revision	revision	NOUN
spir-11119	224	24	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	224	25	western	western	ADJ
spir-11119	224	26	urbanology	urbanology	NOUN
spir-11119	224	27	at	at	ADP
spir-11119	224	28	the	the	DET
spir-11119	224	29	time	time	NOUN
spir-11119	224	30	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	224	31	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	224	32	capitalism	capitalism	NOUN
spir-11119	224	33	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	224	34	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	224	35	urban	urban	ADJ
spir-11119	224	36	studies	study	NOUN
spir-11119	224	37	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	225	1	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-11119	225	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	225	3	10.1177/0042098018821581	10.1177/0042098018821581	NUM
spir-11119	225	4	.	.	X
spir-11119	225	5	srnicek	srnicek	NOUN
spir-11119	225	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	225	7	n.	n.	NOUN
spir-11119	225	8	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	225	9	2017	2017	NUM
spir-11119	225	10	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	225	11	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	225	12	capitalism	capitalism	NOUN
spir-11119	225	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	226	1	cambridge	cambridge	NOUN
spir-11119	226	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	226	3	polity	polity	NOUN
spir-11119	226	4	press	press	NOUN
spir-11119	226	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	227	1	tashakkori	tashakkori	PROPN
spir-11119	227	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	227	3	a.	a.	PROPN
spir-11119	227	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	227	5	&	&	CCONJ
spir-11119	227	6	teddlie	teddlie	PROPN
spir-11119	227	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	227	8	c.	c.	PROPN
spir-11119	227	9	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	227	10	eds	eds	PROPN
spir-11119	227	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	227	12	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	227	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	228	1	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	228	2	2010	2010	NUM
spir-11119	228	3	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	228	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	229	1	sage	sage	NOUN
spir-11119	229	2	handbook	handbook	NOUN
spir-11119	229	3	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	229	4	mixed	mixed	ADJ
spir-11119	229	5	methods	method	NOUN
spir-11119	229	6	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	229	7	social	social	ADJ
spir-11119	229	8	&	&	CCONJ
spir-11119	229	9	behavioral	behavioral	ADJ
spir-11119	229	10	research	research	NOUN
spir-11119	229	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	230	1	sage	sage	NOUN
spir-11119	230	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	231	1	van	van	PROPN
spir-11119	231	2	der	der	PROPN
spir-11119	231	3	graaf	graaf	PROPN
spir-11119	231	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	231	5	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-11119	231	6	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	231	7	ballon	ballon	PROPN
spir-11119	231	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	231	9	p.	p.	NOUN
spir-11119	231	10	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	231	11	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	231	12	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	231	13	navigating	navigate	VERB
spir-11119	231	14	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	231	15	urbanism	urbanism	NOUN
spir-11119	231	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	232	1	technological	technological	ADJ
spir-11119	232	2	forecasting	forecasting	NOUN
spir-11119	232	3	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	232	4	social	social	ADJ
spir-11119	232	5	change	change	NOUN
spir-11119	232	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	232	7	142	142	NUM
spir-11119	232	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	232	9	pp.364	pp.364	NOUN
spir-11119	232	10	-	-	SYM
spir-11119	232	11	372	372	NUM
spir-11119	232	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	233	1	van	van	PROPN
spir-11119	233	2	dijck	dijck	PROPN
spir-11119	233	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	233	4	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-11119	233	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	233	6	poell	poell	NOUN
spir-11119	233	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	233	8	t.	t.	NOUN
spir-11119	233	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	233	10	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	233	11	de	de	PROPN
spir-11119	233	12	waal	waal	PROPN
spir-11119	233	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	233	14	m.	m.	NOUN
spir-11119	233	15	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	233	16	2018	2018	NUM
spir-11119	233	17	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	233	18	the	the	DET
spir-11119	233	19	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	233	20	society	society	NOUN
spir-11119	233	21	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	233	22	public	public	ADJ
spir-11119	233	23	values	value	NOUN
spir-11119	233	24	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	233	25	a	a	DET
spir-11119	233	26	connective	connective	ADJ
spir-11119	233	27	world	world	NOUN
spir-11119	233	28	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	234	1	oxford	oxford	NOUN
spir-11119	234	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	234	3	oxford	oxford	PROPN
spir-11119	234	4	university	university	PROPN
spir-11119	234	5	press	press	NOUN
spir-11119	234	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	235	1	zott	zott	PROPN
spir-11119	235	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	235	3	c.	c.	PROPN
spir-11119	235	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	235	5	&	&	CCONJ
spir-11119	235	6	amit	amit	PROPN
spir-11119	235	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	235	8	r.	r.	PROPN
spir-11119	235	9	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	235	10	2008	2008	NUM
spir-11119	235	11	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	235	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	236	1	the	the	DET
spir-11119	236	2	fit	fit	NOUN
spir-11119	236	3	between	between	ADP
spir-11119	236	4	product	product	NOUN
spir-11119	236	5	market	market	NOUN
spir-11119	236	6	strategy	strategy	NOUN
spir-11119	236	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	236	8	business	business	NOUN
spir-11119	236	9	model	model	NOUN
spir-11119	236	10	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	236	11	implications	implication	NOUN
spir-11119	236	12	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	236	13	firm	firm	ADJ
spir-11119	236	14	performance	performance	NOUN
spir-11119	236	15	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	237	1	strategic	strategic	ADJ
spir-11119	237	2	management	management	NOUN
spir-11119	237	3	journal	journal	NOUN
spir-11119	237	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	237	5	29(1	29(1	NUM
spir-11119	237	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	237	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	237	8	1	1	NUM
spir-11119	237	9	-	-	SYM
spir-11119	237	10	26	26	NUM
spir-11119	237	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	238	1	infrastructural	infrastructural	ADJ
spir-11119	238	2	socialism	socialism	NOUN
spir-11119	238	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	238	4	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-11119	238	5	feedback	feedback	NOUN
spir-11119	238	6	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	238	7	nonmarkets	nonmarket	NOUN
spir-11119	238	8	alex	alex	PROPN
spir-11119	238	9	gekker	gekker	PROPN
spir-11119	238	10	university	university	PROPN
spir-11119	238	11	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	238	12	amsterdam	amsterdam	PROPN
spir-11119	238	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	238	14	netherlands	netherlands	PROPN
spir-11119	238	15	sam	sam	PROPN
spir-11119	238	16	hind	hind	PROPN
spir-11119	238	17	siegen	siegen	PROPN
spir-11119	238	18	university	university	PROPN
spir-11119	238	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	238	20	germany	germany	PROPN
spir-11119	238	21	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	238	22	this	this	DET
spir-11119	238	23	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-11119	238	24	we	we	PRON
spir-11119	238	25	address	address	VERB
spir-11119	238	26	the	the	DET
spir-11119	238	27	growing	grow	VERB
spir-11119	238	28	interest	interest	NOUN
spir-11119	238	29	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	238	30	the	the	DET
spir-11119	238	31	socialist	socialist	ADJ
spir-11119	238	32	calculation	calculation	NOUN
spir-11119	238	33	debate	debate	NOUN
spir-11119	238	34	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	238	35	davies	davy	NOUN
spir-11119	238	36	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	238	37	;	;	PUNCT
spir-11119	238	38	morozov	morozov	NOUN
spir-11119	238	39	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	238	40	;	;	PUNCT
spir-11119	238	41	cottrell	cottrell	PROPN
spir-11119	238	42	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	238	43	cockshott	cockshott	PROPN
spir-11119	238	44	1993	1993	NUM
spir-11119	238	45	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	238	46	by	by	ADP
spir-11119	238	47	proposing	propose	VERB
spir-11119	238	48	the	the	DET
spir-11119	238	49	notion	notion	NOUN
spir-11119	238	50	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	238	51	infrastructural	infrastructural	ADJ
spir-11119	238	52	socialism	socialism	NOUN
spir-11119	238	53	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	239	1	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	239	2	an	an	DET
spir-11119	239	3	age	age	NOUN
spir-11119	239	4	variously	variously	ADV
spir-11119	239	5	characterized	characterize	VERB
spir-11119	239	6	by	by	ADP
spir-11119	239	7	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	239	8	capitalism	capitalism	NOUN
spir-11119	239	9	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	239	10	srnicek	srnicek	NOUN
spir-11119	239	11	2016	2016	NUM
spir-11119	239	12	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	239	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	239	14	surveillance	surveillance	NOUN
spir-11119	239	15	capitalism	capitalism	NOUN
spir-11119	239	16	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	239	17	zuboff	zuboff	NOUN
spir-11119	239	18	2015	2015	NUM
spir-11119	239	19	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	239	20	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	239	21	infrastructural	infrastructural	ADJ
spir-11119	239	22	surveillance	surveillance	NOUN
spir-11119	239	23	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	239	24	gekker	gekker	NOUN
spir-11119	239	25	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	239	26	hind	hind	NOUN
spir-11119	239	27	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	239	28	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	239	29	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	239	30	we	we	PRON
spir-11119	239	31	propose	propose	VERB
spir-11119	239	32	to	to	PART
spir-11119	239	33	move	move	VERB
spir-11119	239	34	on	on	ADP
spir-11119	239	35	from	from	ADP
spir-11119	239	36	diagnosing	diagnose	VERB
spir-11119	239	37	the	the	DET
spir-11119	239	38	present	present	ADJ
spir-11119	239	39	condition	condition	NOUN
spir-11119	239	40	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	239	41	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	239	42	articulating	articulate	VERB
spir-11119	239	43	a	a	DET
spir-11119	239	44	possible	possible	ADJ
spir-11119	239	45	future	future	NOUN
spir-11119	239	46	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	240	1	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	240	2	this	this	PRON
spir-11119	240	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	240	4	we	we	PRON
spir-11119	240	5	discuss	discuss	VERB
spir-11119	240	6	the	the	DET
spir-11119	240	7	potential	potential	NOUN
spir-11119	240	8	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	240	9	leveraging	leverage	VERB
spir-11119	240	10	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-11119	240	11	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-11119	240	12	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	240	13	major	major	ADJ
spir-11119	240	14	technology	technology	NOUN
spir-11119	240	15	companies	company	NOUN
spir-11119	240	16	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	240	17	the	the	DET
spir-11119	240	18	public	public	ADJ
spir-11119	240	19	good	good	NOUN
spir-11119	240	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	240	21	beyond	beyond	ADP
spir-11119	240	22	narrow	narrow	ADJ
spir-11119	240	23	usership	usership	NOUN
spir-11119	240	24	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	240	25	customer	customer	NOUN
spir-11119	240	26	base	base	NOUN
spir-11119	240	27	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	241	1	this	this	DET
spir-11119	241	2	article	article	NOUN
spir-11119	241	3	adds	add	VERB
spir-11119	241	4	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	241	5	wider	wide	ADJ
spir-11119	241	6	discussion	discussion	NOUN
spir-11119	241	7	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	241	8	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-11119	241	9	rights	right	NOUN
spir-11119	241	10	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	241	11	the	the	DET
spir-11119	241	12	city	city	NOUN
spir-11119	241	13	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	241	14	shaw	shaw	PROPN
spir-11119	241	15	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	241	16	graham	graham	PROPN
spir-11119	241	17	2017	2017	NUM
spir-11119	241	18	;	;	PUNCT
spir-11119	241	19	cardullo	cardullo	PROPN
spir-11119	241	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	241	21	di	di	NOUN
spir-11119	241	22	feliciantonio	feliciantonio	PROPN
spir-11119	241	23	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	241	24	kitchin	kitchin	PROPN
spir-11119	241	25	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	241	26	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	241	27	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	241	28	the	the	DET
spir-11119	241	29	rise	rise	NOUN
spir-11119	241	30	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	241	31	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	241	32	urbanism	urbanism	NOUN
spir-11119	241	33	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	241	34	barns	barn	NOUN
spir-11119	241	35	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	241	36	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	241	37	;	;	PUNCT
spir-11119	241	38	2020	2020	NUM
spir-11119	241	39	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	241	40	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	241	41	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	241	42	more	more	ADV
spir-11119	241	43	specifically	specifically	ADV
spir-11119	241	44	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	241	45	the	the	DET
spir-11119	241	46	provision	provision	NOUN
spir-11119	241	47	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	241	48	common	common	ADJ
spir-11119	241	49	ownership	ownership	NOUN
spir-11119	241	50	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	241	51	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-11119	241	52	data	datum	NOUN
spir-11119	241	53	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	241	54	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	241	55	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	241	56	de	de	X
spir-11119	241	57	lange	lange	NOUN
spir-11119	241	58	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	241	59	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	241	60	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	242	1	however	however	ADV
spir-11119	242	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	242	3	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	242	4	distinction	distinction	NOUN
spir-11119	242	5	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	242	6	the	the	DET
spir-11119	242	7	valorization	valorization	NOUN
spir-11119	242	8	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	242	9	decentralized	decentralized	ADJ
spir-11119	242	10	forms	form	NOUN
spir-11119	242	11	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	242	12	data	datum	NOUN
spir-11119	242	13	production	production	NOUN
spir-11119	242	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	242	15	sharing	sharing	NOUN
spir-11119	242	16	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	242	17	use	use	VERB
spir-11119	242	18	typical	typical	ADJ
spir-11119	242	19	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	242	20	debates	debate	NOUN
spir-11119	242	21	around	around	ADP
spir-11119	242	22	open	open	ADJ
spir-11119	242	23	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	242	24	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	242	25	initiatives	initiative	NOUN
spir-11119	242	26	such	such	ADJ
spir-11119	242	27	as	as	ADP
spir-11119	242	28	wikipedia	wikipedia	PROPN
spir-11119	242	29	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	242	30	openstreetmap	openstreetmap	NUM
spir-11119	242	31	;	;	PUNCT
spir-11119	242	32	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	242	33	the	the	DET
spir-11119	242	34	advancing	advancing	NOUN
spir-11119	242	35	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	242	36	experimental	experimental	ADJ
spir-11119	242	37	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	242	38	partial	partial	ADJ
spir-11119	242	39	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	242	40	otherwise	otherwise	ADV
spir-11119	242	41	liberal	liberal	ADJ
spir-11119	242	42	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	242	43	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	242	44	weak	weak	ADJ
spir-11119	242	45	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	242	46	articulations	articulation	NOUN
spir-11119	242	47	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	242	48	citizenship	citizenship	NOUN
spir-11119	242	49	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	242	50	common	common	ADJ
spir-11119	242	51	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	242	52	ing	ing	NOUN
spir-11119	242	53	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	242	54	this	this	DET
spir-11119	242	55	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-11119	242	56	returns	return	NOUN
spir-11119	242	57	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	242	58	the	the	DET
spir-11119	242	59	question	question	NOUN
spir-11119	242	60	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	242	61	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	242	62	possibility	possibility	NOUN
spir-11119	242	63	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	242	64	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	242	65	centralized	centralized	ADJ
spir-11119	242	66	planning	planning	NOUN
spir-11119	242	67	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	242	68	decision	decision	NOUN
spir-11119	242	69	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	242	70	making	making	NOUN
spir-11119	242	71	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	243	1	thus	thus	ADV
spir-11119	243	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	243	3	it	it	PRON
spir-11119	243	4	speaks	speak	VERB
spir-11119	243	5	directly	directly	ADV
spir-11119	243	6	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	243	7	recent	recent	ADJ
spir-11119	243	8	polemical	polemical	ADJ
spir-11119	243	9	work	work	NOUN
spir-11119	243	10	on	on	ADP
spir-11119	243	11	the	the	DET
spir-11119	243	12	unintentionally	unintentionally	ADV
spir-11119	243	13	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	243	14	socialist	socialist	ADJ
spir-11119	243	15	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	243	16	underpinning	underpinning	NOUN
spir-11119	243	17	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	243	18	corporate	corporate	ADJ
spir-11119	243	19	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-11119	243	20	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	243	21	logistics	logistic	NOUN
spir-11119	243	22	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	243	23	phillips	phillip	NOUN
spir-11119	243	24	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	243	25	rozworski	rozworski	NOUN
spir-11119	243	26	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	243	27	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	243	28	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	244	1	we	we	PRON
spir-11119	244	2	attempt	attempt	VERB
spir-11119	244	3	to	to	PART
spir-11119	244	4	explicate	explicate	VERB
spir-11119	244	5	these	these	DET
spir-11119	244	6	abstract	abstract	ADJ
spir-11119	244	7	concerns	concern	NOUN
spir-11119	244	8	with	with	ADP
spir-11119	244	9	reference	reference	NOUN
spir-11119	244	10	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	244	11	traffic	traffic	NOUN
spir-11119	244	12	congestion	congestion	NOUN
spir-11119	244	13	as	as	SCONJ
spir-11119	244	14	precipitated	precipitate	VERB
spir-11119	244	15	by	by	ADP
spir-11119	244	16	the	the	DET
spir-11119	244	17	burgeoning	burgeon	VERB
spir-11119	244	18	use	use	NOUN
spir-11119	244	19	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	244	20	ridesharing	ridesharing	NOUN
spir-11119	244	21	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	244	22	navigation	navigation	NOUN
spir-11119	244	23	apps	app	NOUN
spir-11119	244	24	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	244	25	bliss	bliss	PROPN
spir-11119	244	26	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	244	27	;	;	PUNCT
spir-11119	244	28	macfarlane	macfarlane	NOUN
spir-11119	244	29	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	244	30	;	;	PUNCT
spir-11119	244	31	brown	brown	NOUN
spir-11119	244	32	2020	2020	NUM
spir-11119	244	33	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	244	34	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	245	1	particularly	particularly	ADV
spir-11119	245	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	245	3	following	follow	VERB
spir-11119	245	4	morozov	morozov	PROPN
spir-11119	245	5	’s	’s	PART
spir-11119	245	6	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	245	7	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	245	8	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	245	9	call	call	NOUN
spir-11119	245	10	to	to	AUX
spir-11119	245	11	design	design	VERB
spir-11119	245	12	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	245	13	non	non	NOUN
spir-11119	245	14	-	-	NOUN
spir-11119	245	15	markets	market	NOUN
spir-11119	245	16	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	245	17	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	245	18	develop	develop	VERB
spir-11119	245	19	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-11119	245	20	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	245	21	feed	feed	NOUN
spir-11119	245	22	back	back	ADV
spir-11119	245	23	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-11119	245	24	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	245	25	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	245	26	we	we	PRON
spir-11119	245	27	examine	examine	VERB
spir-11119	245	28	uber	uber	PROPN
spir-11119	245	29	’s	’s	PART
spir-11119	245	30	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	245	31	surge	surge	ADJ
spir-11119	245	32	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	245	33	pricing	pricing	NOUN
spir-11119	245	34	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	245	35	mechanism	mechanism	NOUN
spir-11119	245	36	as	as	ADP
spir-11119	245	37	a	a	DET
spir-11119	245	38	possible	possible	ADJ
spir-11119	245	39	locus	locus	NOUN
spir-11119	245	40	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	245	41	the	the	DET
spir-11119	245	42	non	non	ADJ
spir-11119	245	43	-	-	ADJ
spir-11119	245	44	profit	profit	ADJ
spir-11119	245	45	allocation	allocation	NOUN
spir-11119	245	46	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	245	47	resources	resource	NOUN
spir-11119	245	48	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	245	49	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	245	50	with	with	ADP
spir-11119	245	51	it	it	PRON
spir-11119	245	52	a	a	DET
spir-11119	245	53	re	re	ADJ
spir-11119	245	54	-	-	ADJ
spir-11119	245	55	centralized	centralized	ADJ
spir-11119	245	56	public	public	ADJ
spir-11119	245	57	transportation	transportation	NOUN
spir-11119	245	58	system	system	NOUN
spir-11119	245	59	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	246	1	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	246	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	246	3	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	246	4	other	other	ADJ
spir-11119	246	5	words	word	NOUN
spir-11119	246	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	246	7	the	the	DET
spir-11119	246	8	possibility	possibility	NOUN
spir-11119	246	9	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	246	10	bringing	bring	VERB
spir-11119	246	11	data	datum	NOUN
spir-11119	246	12	streams	stream	NOUN
spir-11119	246	13	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	246	14	their	their	PRON
spir-11119	246	15	associated	associated	ADJ
spir-11119	246	16	distributive	distributive	ADJ
spir-11119	246	17	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
spir-11119	246	18	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	246	19	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	246	20	house	house	NOUN
spir-11119	246	21	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	246	22	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	247	1	this	this	PRON
spir-11119	247	2	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	247	3	not	not	PART
spir-11119	247	4	to	to	PART
spir-11119	247	5	advocate	advocate	VERB
spir-11119	247	6	a	a	DET
spir-11119	247	7	version	version	NOUN
spir-11119	247	8	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	247	9	an	an	DET
spir-11119	247	10	“	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	247	11	ubercity	ubercity	NOUN
spir-11119	247	12	”	"	PUNCT
spir-11119	247	13	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	247	14	leszczynski	leszczynski	NOUN
spir-11119	247	15	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	247	16	kitchin	kitchin	PROPN
spir-11119	247	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	247	18	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	247	19	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	247	20	where	where	SCONJ
spir-11119	247	21	speculative	speculative	ADJ
spir-11119	247	22	market	market	NOUN
spir-11119	247	23	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
spir-11119	247	24	redefine	redefine	VERB
spir-11119	247	25	citizenship	citizenship	NOUN
spir-11119	247	26	into	into	ADP
spir-11119	247	27	consumerism	consumerism	NOUN
spir-11119	247	28	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	247	29	but	but	CCONJ
spir-11119	247	30	rather	rather	ADV
spir-11119	247	31	raising	raise	VERB
spir-11119	247	32	the	the	DET
spir-11119	247	33	possibility	possibility	NOUN
spir-11119	247	34	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	247	35	using	use	VERB
spir-11119	247	36	such	such	ADJ
spir-11119	247	37	data	datum	NOUN
spir-11119	247	38	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	247	39	streams	stream	NOUN
spir-11119	247	40	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	247	41	non	non	ADJ
spir-11119	247	42	-	-	ADJ
spir-11119	247	43	market	market	ADJ
spir-11119	247	44	setting	setting	NOUN
spir-11119	247	45	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	248	1	our	our	PRON
spir-11119	248	2	departure	departure	NOUN
spir-11119	248	3	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	248	4	the	the	DET
spir-11119	248	5	automation	automation	NOUN
spir-11119	248	6	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	248	7	labour	labour	NOUN
spir-11119	248	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	248	9	logistics	logistic	NOUN
spir-11119	248	10	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	248	11	monetary	monetary	ADJ
spir-11119	248	12	flows	flow	NOUN
spir-11119	248	13	exhibited	exhibit	VERB
spir-11119	248	14	by	by	ADP
spir-11119	248	15	the	the	DET
spir-11119	248	16	most	most	ADV
spir-11119	248	17	successful	successful	ADJ
spir-11119	248	18	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-11119	248	19	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	248	20	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	249	1	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	249	2	particular	particular	ADJ
spir-11119	249	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	249	4	gafam	gafam	NOUN
spir-11119	249	5	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	249	6	google	google	PROPN
spir-11119	249	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	249	8	amazon	amazon	PROPN
spir-11119	249	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	249	10	facebook	facebook	NOUN
spir-11119	249	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	249	12	apple	apple	PROPN
spir-11119	249	13	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	249	14	microsoft	microsoft	PROPN
spir-11119	249	15	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	249	16	have	have	AUX
spir-11119	249	17	utilized	utilize	VERB
spir-11119	249	18	a	a	DET
spir-11119	249	19	combination	combination	NOUN
spir-11119	249	20	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	249	21	massive	massive	ADJ
spir-11119	249	22	data	datum	NOUN
spir-11119	249	23	collection	collection	NOUN
spir-11119	249	24	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	249	25	personalization	personalization	NOUN
spir-11119	249	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	249	27	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	249	28	machine	machine	NOUN
spir-11119	249	29	learning	learn	VERB
spir-11119	249	30	to	to	PART
spir-11119	249	31	effectively	effectively	ADV
spir-11119	249	32	anticipate	anticipate	VERB
spir-11119	249	33	user	user	NOUN
spir-11119	249	34	desires	desire	NOUN
spir-11119	249	35	;	;	PUNCT
spir-11119	249	36	acting	act	VERB
spir-11119	249	37	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	249	38	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	249	39	semi-)monopolistic	semi-)monopolistic	ADJ
spir-11119	249	40	fashion	fashion	NOUN
spir-11119	249	41	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	249	42	comprising	comprising	NOUN
spir-11119	249	43	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	249	44	the	the	DET
spir-11119	249	45	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	249	46	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	249	47	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	249	48	a	a	DET
spir-11119	249	49	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	249	50	market	market	NOUN
spir-11119	249	51	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	249	52	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	249	53	totality	totality	NOUN
spir-11119	249	54	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	249	55	nieborg	nieborg	ADJ
spir-11119	249	56	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	249	57	helmond	helmond	ADJ
spir-11119	249	58	2018	2018	NUM
spir-11119	249	59	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	249	60	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	250	1	as	as	ADP
spir-11119	250	2	phillips	phillip	NOUN
spir-11119	250	3	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	250	4	rozworski	rozworski	NOUN
spir-11119	250	5	point	point	NOUN
spir-11119	250	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	250	7	the	the	DET
spir-11119	250	8	calculative	calculative	ADJ
spir-11119	250	9	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-11119	250	10	that	that	PRON
spir-11119	250	11	underpin	underpin	VERB
spir-11119	250	12	gafam	gafam	NOUN
spir-11119	250	13	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	250	14	reminiscent	reminiscent	ADJ
spir-11119	250	15	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	250	16	the	the	DET
spir-11119	250	17	socialist	socialist	ADJ
spir-11119	250	18	experiments	experiment	NOUN
spir-11119	250	19	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	250	20	planned	plan	VERB
spir-11119	250	21	economies	economy	NOUN
spir-11119	250	22	but	but	CCONJ
spir-11119	250	23	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	250	24	the	the	DET
spir-11119	250	25	fact	fact	NOUN
spir-11119	250	26	it	it	PRON
spir-11119	250	27	seems	seem	VERB
spir-11119	250	28	to	to	PART
spir-11119	250	29	be	be	AUX
spir-11119	250	30	working	work	VERB
spir-11119	250	31	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	251	1	one	one	NUM
spir-11119	251	2	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	251	3	the	the	DET
spir-11119	251	4	principal	principal	ADJ
spir-11119	251	5	hurdles	hurdle	NOUN
spir-11119	251	6	identified	identify	VERB
spir-11119	251	7	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	251	8	the	the	DET
spir-11119	251	9	1920s	1920s	NUM
spir-11119	251	10	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	251	11	centrally	centrally	ADV
spir-11119	251	12	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	251	13	planned	plan	VERB
spir-11119	251	14	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	251	15	i.e.	i.e.	X
spir-11119	251	16	non	non	ADJ
spir-11119	251	17	-	-	ADJ
spir-11119	251	18	market	market	ADJ
spir-11119	251	19	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	251	20	economies	economy	NOUN
spir-11119	251	21	was	be	AUX
spir-11119	251	22	the	the	DET
spir-11119	251	23	practical	practical	ADJ
spir-11119	251	24	impossibility	impossibility	NOUN
spir-11119	251	25	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	251	26	communicating	communicate	VERB
spir-11119	251	27	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	251	28	calculating	calculate	VERB
spir-11119	251	29	inputs	input	NOUN
spir-11119	251	30	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	251	31	raw	raw	ADJ
spir-11119	251	32	materials	material	NOUN
spir-11119	251	33	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	251	34	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	251	35	outputs	output	NOUN
spir-11119	251	36	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	251	37	finished	finish	VERB
spir-11119	251	38	goods	good	NOUN
spir-11119	251	39	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	251	40	across	across	ADP
spir-11119	251	41	all	all	DET
spir-11119	251	42	industries	industry	NOUN
spir-11119	251	43	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	251	44	instantly	instantly	ADV
spir-11119	251	45	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	251	46	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	251	47	automatically	automatically	ADV
spir-11119	251	48	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	251	49	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	252	1	arguments	argument	NOUN
spir-11119	252	2	advanced	advance	VERB
spir-11119	252	3	by	by	ADP
spir-11119	252	4	liberal	liberal	ADJ
spir-11119	252	5	economists	economist	NOUN
spir-11119	252	6	at	at	ADP
spir-11119	252	7	the	the	DET
spir-11119	252	8	time	time	NOUN
spir-11119	252	9	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	252	10	mises	mise	NOUN
spir-11119	252	11	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	252	12	hayek	hayek	NOUN
spir-11119	252	13	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	252	14	suggested	suggest	VERB
spir-11119	252	15	that	that	SCONJ
spir-11119	252	16	the	the	DET
spir-11119	252	17	market	market	NOUN
spir-11119	252	18	was	be	AUX
spir-11119	252	19	best	well	ADV
spir-11119	252	20	able	able	ADJ
spir-11119	252	21	to	to	PART
spir-11119	252	22	reflect	reflect	VERB
spir-11119	252	23	the	the	DET
spir-11119	252	24	value	value	NOUN
spir-11119	252	25	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	252	26	goods	good	NOUN
spir-11119	252	27	automatically	automatically	ADV
spir-11119	252	28	through	through	ADP
spir-11119	252	29	a	a	DET
spir-11119	252	30	simple	simple	ADJ
spir-11119	252	31	price	price	NOUN
spir-11119	252	32	mechanism	mechanism	NOUN
spir-11119	252	33	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	252	34	predicated	predicate	VERB
spir-11119	252	35	on	on	ADP
spir-11119	252	36	competition	competition	NOUN
spir-11119	252	37	between	between	ADP
spir-11119	252	38	market	market	NOUN
spir-11119	252	39	actors	actor	NOUN
spir-11119	252	40	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	253	1	the	the	DET
spir-11119	253	2	central	central	ADJ
spir-11119	253	3	claim	claim	NOUN
spir-11119	253	4	was	be	AUX
spir-11119	253	5	that	that	SCONJ
spir-11119	253	6	this	this	DET
spir-11119	253	7	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	253	8	true	true	ADJ
spir-11119	253	9	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	253	10	valuation	valuation	NOUN
spir-11119	253	11	could	could	AUX
spir-11119	253	12	only	only	ADV
spir-11119	253	13	be	be	AUX
spir-11119	253	14	communicated	communicate	VERB
spir-11119	253	15	quickly	quickly	ADV
spir-11119	253	16	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	253	17	confidently	confidently	ADV
spir-11119	253	18	through	through	ADP
spir-11119	253	19	the	the	DET
spir-11119	253	20	market	market	NOUN
spir-11119	253	21	;	;	PUNCT
spir-11119	253	22	any	any	DET
spir-11119	253	23	centralized	centralized	ADJ
spir-11119	253	24	planning	planning	NOUN
spir-11119	253	25	system	system	NOUN
spir-11119	253	26	was	be	AUX
spir-11119	253	27	technologically	technologically	ADV
spir-11119	253	28	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	253	29	computationally	computationally	ADV
spir-11119	253	30	impossible	impossible	ADJ
spir-11119	253	31	;	;	PUNCT
spir-11119	253	32	at	at	ADP
spir-11119	253	33	least	least	ADJ
spir-11119	253	34	within	within	ADP
spir-11119	253	35	any	any	DET
spir-11119	253	36	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
spir-11119	253	37	timeframe	timeframe	NOUN
spir-11119	253	38	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	254	1	yet	yet	CCONJ
spir-11119	254	2	real	real	ADJ
spir-11119	254	3	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	254	4	time	time	NOUN
spir-11119	254	5	proprietary	proprietary	ADJ
spir-11119	254	6	data	data	NOUN
spir-11119	254	7	streams	stream	NOUN
spir-11119	254	8	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	254	9	user	user	NOUN
spir-11119	254	10	data	data	PROPN
spir-11119	254	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	254	12	sensor	sensor	NOUN
spir-11119	254	13	data	datum	NOUN
spir-11119	254	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	254	15	object	object	VERB
spir-11119	254	16	data	datum	NOUN
spir-11119	254	17	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	254	18	enable	enable	VERB
spir-11119	254	19	gafam	gafam	NOUN
spir-11119	254	20	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	254	21	others	other	NOUN
spir-11119	254	22	to	to	PART
spir-11119	254	23	deliver	deliver	VERB
spir-11119	254	24	a	a	DET
spir-11119	254	25	range	range	NOUN
spir-11119	254	26	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	254	27	services	service	NOUN
spir-11119	254	28	;	;	PUNCT
spir-11119	254	29	enabling	enable	VERB
spir-11119	254	30	the	the	DET
spir-11119	254	31	communication	communication	NOUN
spir-11119	254	32	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	254	33	various	various	ADJ
spir-11119	254	34	kinds	kind	NOUN
spir-11119	254	35	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	254	36	information	information	NOUN
spir-11119	254	37	automatically	automatically	ADV
spir-11119	254	38	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	255	1	this	this	DET
spir-11119	255	2	data	data	NOUN
spir-11119	255	3	informs	inform	VERB
spir-11119	255	4	the	the	DET
spir-11119	255	5	allocation	allocation	NOUN
spir-11119	255	6	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	255	7	resources	resource	NOUN
spir-11119	255	8	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	255	9	raw	raw	ADJ
spir-11119	255	10	materials	material	NOUN
spir-11119	255	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	255	12	labor	labor	NOUN
spir-11119	255	13	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	255	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	255	15	the	the	DET
spir-11119	255	16	distribution	distribution	NOUN
spir-11119	255	17	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	255	18	goods	good	NOUN
spir-11119	255	19	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	255	20	consumer	consumer	NOUN
spir-11119	255	21	products	product	NOUN
spir-11119	255	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	255	23	machine	machine	NOUN
spir-11119	255	24	parts	part	NOUN
spir-11119	255	25	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	255	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	255	27	the	the	DET
spir-11119	255	28	optimization	optimization	NOUN
spir-11119	255	29	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	255	30	processes	process	NOUN
spir-11119	255	31	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	255	32	user	user	NOUN
spir-11119	255	33	identification	identification	NOUN
spir-11119	255	34	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	255	35	payment	payment	NOUN
spir-11119	255	36	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	255	37	inventory	inventory	NOUN
spir-11119	255	38	updates	update	NOUN
spir-11119	255	39	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	255	40	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	255	41	the	the	DET
spir-11119	255	42	streamlining	streamlining	NOUN
spir-11119	255	43	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	255	44	operations	operation	NOUN
spir-11119	255	45	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	255	46	production	production	NOUN
spir-11119	255	47	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	255	48	quality	quality	NOUN
spir-11119	255	49	control	control	NOUN
spir-11119	255	50	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	255	51	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	255	52	as	as	ADV
spir-11119	255	53	well	well	ADV
spir-11119	255	54	as	as	ADP
spir-11119	255	55	the	the	DET
spir-11119	255	56	general	general	ADJ
spir-11119	255	57	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
spir-11119	255	58	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	255	59	the	the	DET
spir-11119	255	60	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-11119	255	61	themselves	themselves	PRON
spir-11119	255	62	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	256	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
spir-11119	256	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	256	3	the	the	DET
spir-11119	256	4	delivery	delivery	NOUN
spir-11119	256	5	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	256	6	these	these	DET
spir-11119	256	7	services	service	NOUN
spir-11119	256	8	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	256	9	actually	actually	ADV
spir-11119	256	10	dependent	dependent	ADJ
spir-11119	256	11	on	on	ADP
spir-11119	256	12	internal	internal	ADJ
spir-11119	256	13	centralized	centralize	VERB
spir-11119	256	14	decision	decision	NOUN
spir-11119	256	15	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	256	16	making	making	NOUN
spir-11119	256	17	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	256	18	planning	planning	NOUN
spir-11119	256	19	;	;	PUNCT
spir-11119	256	20	not	not	PART
spir-11119	256	21	the	the	DET
spir-11119	256	22	market	market	NOUN
spir-11119	256	23	or	or	CCONJ
spir-11119	256	24	market	market	NOUN
spir-11119	256	25	actors	actor	NOUN
spir-11119	256	26	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	257	1	this	this	PRON
spir-11119	257	2	challenges	challenge	VERB
spir-11119	257	3	the	the	DET
spir-11119	257	4	liberal	liberal	ADJ
spir-11119	257	5	argument	argument	NOUN
spir-11119	257	6	made	make	VERB
spir-11119	257	7	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	257	8	the	the	DET
spir-11119	257	9	1920s	1920s	NUM
spir-11119	257	10	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	257	11	support	support	NOUN
spir-11119	257	12	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	257	13	market	market	NOUN
spir-11119	257	14	pricing	pricing	NOUN
spir-11119	257	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	257	16	raising	raise	VERB
spir-11119	257	17	the	the	DET
spir-11119	257	18	question	question	NOUN
spir-11119	257	19	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	257	20	whether	whether	SCONJ
spir-11119	257	21	they	they	PRON
spir-11119	257	22	can	can	AUX
spir-11119	257	23	be	be	AUX
spir-11119	257	24	turned	turn	VERB
spir-11119	257	25	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	257	26	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	257	27	good	good	ADJ
spir-11119	257	28	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	257	29	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	257	30	daly	daly	PROPN
spir-11119	257	31	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	257	32	devitt	devitt	PROPN
spir-11119	257	33	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	257	34	mann	mann	PROPN
spir-11119	257	35	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	257	36	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	257	37	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	258	1	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	258	2	this	this	DET
spir-11119	258	3	regard	regard	NOUN
spir-11119	258	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	258	5	morozov	morozov	NOUN
spir-11119	258	6	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	258	7	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	258	8	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	258	9	suggests	suggest	VERB
spir-11119	258	10	that	that	SCONJ
spir-11119	258	11	the	the	DET
spir-11119	258	12	two	two	NUM
spir-11119	258	13	main	main	ADJ
spir-11119	258	14	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
spir-11119	258	15	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	258	16	data	datum	NOUN
spir-11119	258	17	feedback	feedback	NOUN
spir-11119	258	18	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	258	19	the	the	DET
spir-11119	258	20	optimization	optimization	NOUN
spir-11119	258	21	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	258	22	existing	exist	VERB
spir-11119	258	23	markets	market	NOUN
spir-11119	258	24	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	258	25	the	the	DET
spir-11119	258	26	solving	solving	NOUN
spir-11119	258	27	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	258	28	social	social	ADJ
spir-11119	258	29	problems	problem	NOUN
spir-11119	258	30	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	258	31	housing	housing	NOUN
spir-11119	258	32	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	258	33	transportation	transportation	NOUN
spir-11119	258	34	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	258	35	employment	employment	NOUN
spir-11119	258	36	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	258	37	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	259	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
spir-11119	259	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	259	3	andrejevic	andrejevic	INTJ
spir-11119	259	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	259	5	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	259	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	259	7	emphasizes	emphasize	VERB
spir-11119	259	8	the	the	DET
spir-11119	259	9	necessary	necessary	ADJ
spir-11119	259	10	surveillant	surveillant	ADJ
spir-11119	259	11	component	component	NOUN
spir-11119	259	12	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	259	13	data	datum	NOUN
spir-11119	259	14	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-11119	259	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	259	16	allowing	allow	VERB
spir-11119	259	17	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	259	18	control	control	NOUN
spir-11119	259	19	through	through	ADP
spir-11119	259	20	prediction	prediction	NOUN
spir-11119	259	21	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	259	22	mitigation	mitigation	NOUN
spir-11119	259	23	rather	rather	ADV
spir-11119	259	24	than	than	ADP
spir-11119	259	25	coercion	coercion	NOUN
spir-11119	259	26	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	259	27	punishment	punishment	NOUN
spir-11119	259	28	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	260	1	our	our	PRON
spir-11119	260	2	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-11119	260	3	asks	ask	VERB
spir-11119	260	4	whether	whether	SCONJ
spir-11119	260	5	the	the	DET
spir-11119	260	6	optimization	optimization	NOUN
spir-11119	260	7	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	260	8	existing	exist	VERB
spir-11119	260	9	data	datum	NOUN
spir-11119	260	10	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	260	11	loops	loop	NOUN
spir-11119	260	12	’	'	PUNCT
spir-11119	260	13	can	can	AUX
spir-11119	260	14	be	be	AUX
spir-11119	260	15	detached	detach	VERB
spir-11119	260	16	from	from	ADP
spir-11119	260	17	their	their	PRON
spir-11119	260	18	current	current	ADJ
spir-11119	260	19	function	function	NOUN
spir-11119	260	20	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	260	21	generating	generate	VERB
spir-11119	260	22	profit	profit	NOUN
spir-11119	260	23	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	260	24	monopoly	monopoly	NOUN
spir-11119	260	25	tech	tech	NOUN
spir-11119	260	26	firms	firm	NOUN
spir-11119	260	27	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	260	28	to	to	PART
spir-11119	260	29	communicate	communicate	VERB
spir-11119	260	30	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	260	31	calculate	calculate	VERB
spir-11119	260	32	other	other	ADJ
spir-11119	260	33	forms	form	NOUN
spir-11119	260	34	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	260	35	value	value	NOUN
spir-11119	260	36	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	260	37	gerlitz	gerlitz	PROPN
spir-11119	260	38	2016	2016	NUM
spir-11119	260	39	;	;	PUNCT
spir-11119	260	40	stark	stark	ADJ
spir-11119	260	41	2009	2009	NUM
spir-11119	260	42	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	260	43	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	260	44	while	while	SCONJ
spir-11119	260	45	avoiding	avoid	VERB
spir-11119	260	46	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-11119	260	47	manifestations	manifestation	NOUN
spir-11119	260	48	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	260	49	20th	20th	ADJ
spir-11119	260	50	century	century	NOUN
spir-11119	260	51	state	state	NOUN
spir-11119	260	52	surveillance	surveillance	NOUN
spir-11119	260	53	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	261	1	references	reference	NOUN
spir-11119	261	2	andejevic	andejevic	ADJ
spir-11119	261	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	261	4	m.	m.	NOUN
spir-11119	261	5	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	261	6	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	261	7	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	261	8	automating	automate	VERB
spir-11119	261	9	surveillance	surveillance	NOUN
spir-11119	261	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	262	1	surveillance	surveillance	NOUN
spir-11119	262	2	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	262	3	society	society	NOUN
spir-11119	262	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	263	1	17	17	NUM
spir-11119	263	2	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	263	3	1/2	1/2	NUM
spir-11119	263	4	):	):	PUNCT
spir-11119	263	5	7	7	NUM
spir-11119	263	6	-	-	SYM
spir-11119	263	7	13	13	NUM
spir-11119	263	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	264	1	barns	barn	NOUN
spir-11119	264	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	264	3	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-11119	264	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	264	5	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	264	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	264	7	negotiating	negotiate	VERB
spir-11119	264	8	the	the	DET
spir-11119	264	9	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	264	10	pivot	pivot	NOUN
spir-11119	264	11	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	264	12	from	from	ADP
spir-11119	264	13	participatory	participatory	ADJ
spir-11119	264	14	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-11119	264	15	ecosystems	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-11119	264	16	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	264	17	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-11119	264	18	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	264	19	everyday	everyday	ADJ
spir-11119	264	20	life	life	NOUN
spir-11119	264	21	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	265	1	geography	geography	NOUN
spir-11119	265	2	compass	compass	PROPN
spir-11119	265	3	13(9	13(9	NUM
spir-11119	265	4	):	):	PUNCT
spir-11119	265	5	e12464	e12464	NOUN
spir-11119	265	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	266	1	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-11119	266	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	266	3	10.1111	10.1111	NUM
spir-11119	266	4	/	/	SYM
spir-11119	266	5	gec3.12464	gec3.12464	NOUN
spir-11119	266	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	267	1	barns	barn	NOUN
spir-11119	267	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	267	3	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-11119	267	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	267	5	2020	2020	NUM
spir-11119	267	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	267	7	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	267	8	urbanism	urbanism	NOUN
spir-11119	267	9	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	267	10	negotiating	negotiate	VERB
spir-11119	267	11	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	267	12	ecosystems	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-11119	267	13	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	267	14	connected	connected	ADJ
spir-11119	267	15	cities	city	NOUN
spir-11119	267	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	268	1	geographies	geography	NOUN
spir-11119	268	2	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	268	3	media	medium	NOUN
spir-11119	268	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	269	1	palgrave	palgrave	PROPN
spir-11119	269	2	macmillan	macmillan	PROPN
spir-11119	269	3	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	270	1	doi	doi	PROPN
spir-11119	270	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	270	3	10.1007/978	10.1007/978	NUM
spir-11119	270	4	-	-	SYM
spir-11119	270	5	981	981	NUM
spir-11119	270	6	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	270	7	32	32	NUM
spir-11119	270	8	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	270	9	9725	9725	NUM
spir-11119	270	10	-	-	SYM
spir-11119	270	11	8	8	NUM
spir-11119	270	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	271	1	bliss	bliss	ADJ
spir-11119	271	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	271	3	l.	l.	PROPN
spir-11119	271	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	272	1	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	272	2	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	272	3	navigation	navigation	NOUN
spir-11119	272	4	apps	app	NOUN
spir-11119	272	5	changed	change	VERB
spir-11119	272	6	the	the	DET
spir-11119	272	7	politics	politic	NOUN
spir-11119	272	8	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	272	9	traffic	traffic	NOUN
spir-11119	272	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	273	1	citylab	citylab	PROPN
spir-11119	273	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	274	1	available	available	ADJ
spir-11119	274	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	275	1	https://www.citylab.com/transportation/2019/11/future-of-transportation-trafficnavigation-apps-google-maps/601684	https://www.citylab.com/transportation/2019/11/future-of-transportation-trafficnavigation-apps-google-maps/601684	PROPN
spir-11119	276	1	[	[	X
spir-11119	276	2	accessed	access	VERB
spir-11119	276	3	20	20	NUM
spir-11119	276	4	february	february	NOUN
spir-11119	276	5	2020	2020	NUM
spir-11119	276	6	]	]	PUNCT
spir-11119	276	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	277	1	brown	brown	PROPN
spir-11119	277	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	277	3	e.	e.	PROPN
spir-11119	277	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	277	5	2020	2020	NUM
spir-11119	277	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	277	7	the	the	DET
spir-11119	277	8	ride	ride	NOUN
spir-11119	277	9	-	-	PUNCT
spir-11119	277	10	hail	hail	NOUN
spir-11119	277	11	utopia	utopia	NOUN
spir-11119	277	12	that	that	PRON
spir-11119	277	13	got	get	AUX
spir-11119	277	14	stuck	stick	VERB
spir-11119	277	15	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	277	16	traffic	traffic	NOUN
spir-11119	277	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	278	1	the	the	DET
spir-11119	278	2	wall	wall	PROPN
spir-11119	278	3	street	street	PROPN
spir-11119	278	4	journal	journal	PROPN
spir-11119	278	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	279	1	available	available	ADJ
spir-11119	279	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	279	3	https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-ride-hail-utopia-that-got-stuck-in-traffic11581742802	https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-ride-hail-utopia-that-got-stuck-in-traffic11581742802	NUM
spir-11119	280	1	[	[	X
spir-11119	280	2	accessed	access	VERB
spir-11119	280	3	20	20	NUM
spir-11119	280	4	february	february	NOUN
spir-11119	280	5	2020	2020	NUM
spir-11119	280	6	]	]	PUNCT
spir-11119	280	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	281	1	cardullo	cardullo	PROPN
spir-11119	281	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	281	3	p.	p.	PROPN
spir-11119	281	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	281	5	c.	c.	PROPN
spir-11119	281	6	di	di	PROPN
spir-11119	281	7	feliciantonio	feliciantonio	PROPN
spir-11119	281	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	281	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	281	10	r.	r.	PROPN
spir-11119	281	11	kitchin	kitchin	PROPN
spir-11119	281	12	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	281	13	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	281	14	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	281	15	the	the	DET
spir-11119	281	16	right	right	NOUN
spir-11119	281	17	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	281	18	the	the	DET
spir-11119	281	19	smart	smart	ADJ
spir-11119	281	20	city	city	NOUN
spir-11119	281	21	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	282	1	bingley	bingley	PROPN
spir-11119	282	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	282	3	emerald	emerald	PROPN
spir-11119	282	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	283	1	cottrell	cottrell	PROPN
spir-11119	283	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	283	3	a.	a.	PROPN
spir-11119	283	4	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	283	5	w.	w.	PROPN
spir-11119	283	6	p.	p.	PROPN
spir-11119	283	7	cockshott	cockshott	PROPN
spir-11119	283	8	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	283	9	1993	1993	NUM
spir-11119	283	10	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	283	11	calculation	calculation	NOUN
spir-11119	283	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	283	13	complexity	complexity	NOUN
spir-11119	283	14	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	283	15	planning	planning	NOUN
spir-11119	283	16	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	283	17	the	the	DET
spir-11119	283	18	socialist	socialist	ADJ
spir-11119	283	19	calculation	calculation	NOUN
spir-11119	283	20	debate	debate	NOUN
spir-11119	283	21	once	once	ADV
spir-11119	283	22	again	again	ADV
spir-11119	283	23	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	284	1	review	review	NOUN
spir-11119	284	2	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	284	3	political	political	ADJ
spir-11119	284	4	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-11119	284	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	285	1	5	5	NUM
spir-11119	285	2	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	285	3	1	1	NUM
spir-11119	285	4	):	):	PUNCT
spir-11119	285	5	73	73	NUM
spir-11119	285	6	-	-	SYM
spir-11119	285	7	112	112	NUM
spir-11119	285	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	285	9	de	de	X
spir-11119	285	10	lange	lange	NOUN
spir-11119	285	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	285	12	m.	m.	NOUN
spir-11119	285	13	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	285	14	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	285	15	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	285	16	the	the	DET
spir-11119	285	17	right	right	NOUN
spir-11119	285	18	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	285	19	the	the	DET
spir-11119	285	20	datafied	datafied	ADJ
spir-11119	285	21	city	city	NOUN
spir-11119	285	22	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	285	23	interfacing	interface	VERB
spir-11119	285	24	the	the	DET
spir-11119	285	25	urban	urban	ADJ
spir-11119	285	26	data	data	PROPN
spir-11119	285	27	commons	common	NOUN
spir-11119	285	28	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	286	1	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	286	2	p.	p.	PROPN
spir-11119	286	3	cardullo	cardullo	PROPN
spir-11119	286	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	286	5	c.	c.	PROPN
spir-11119	286	6	di	di	PROPN
spir-11119	286	7	feliciantonio	feliciantonio	PROPN
spir-11119	286	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	286	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	286	10	r.	r.	PROPN
spir-11119	286	11	kitchin	kitchin	PROPN
spir-11119	286	12	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	286	13	eds	eds	PROPN
spir-11119	286	14	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	286	15	the	the	DET
spir-11119	286	16	right	right	NOUN
spir-11119	286	17	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	286	18	the	the	DET
spir-11119	286	19	smart	smart	ADJ
spir-11119	286	20	city	city	NOUN
spir-11119	286	21	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	287	1	bingley	bingley	PROPN
spir-11119	287	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	287	3	emerald	emerald	NOUN
spir-11119	287	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	287	5	71	71	NUM
spir-11119	287	6	-	-	SYM
spir-11119	287	7	83	83	NUM
spir-11119	287	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	288	1	daly	daly	PROPN
spir-11119	288	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	288	3	a.	a.	PROPN
spir-11119	288	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	288	5	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-11119	288	6	k.	k.	PROPN
spir-11119	288	7	devitt	devitt	PROPN
spir-11119	288	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	288	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	288	10	m.	m.	NOUN
spir-11119	288	11	mann	mann	PROPN
spir-11119	288	12	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	288	13	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	288	14	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	288	15	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	288	16	eds	ed	NOUN
spir-11119	288	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	288	18	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	289	1	good	good	ADJ
spir-11119	289	2	data	datum	NOUN
spir-11119	289	3	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	290	1	amsterdam	amsterdam	PROPN
spir-11119	290	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	290	3	institute	institute	PROPN
spir-11119	290	4	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	290	5	network	network	NOUN
spir-11119	290	6	cultures	culture	NOUN
spir-11119	290	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	291	1	davies	davy	NOUN
spir-11119	291	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	291	3	w.	w.	NOUN
spir-11119	291	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	291	5	2018	2018	NUM
spir-11119	291	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	291	7	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	291	8	ed	ed	NOUN
spir-11119	291	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	291	10	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	292	1	economic	economic	ADJ
spir-11119	292	2	science	science	NOUN
spir-11119	292	3	fictions	fiction	NOUN
spir-11119	292	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	293	1	london	london	PROPN
spir-11119	293	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	293	3	goldsmiths	goldsmith	NOUN
spir-11119	293	4	press	press	PROPN
spir-11119	293	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	294	1	gekker	gekker	NOUN
spir-11119	294	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	294	3	a.	a.	NOUN
spir-11119	294	4	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	294	5	hind	hind	PROPN
spir-11119	294	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	294	7	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-11119	294	8	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	294	9	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	294	10	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	294	11	infrastructural	infrastructural	ADJ
spir-11119	294	12	surveillance	surveillance	NOUN
spir-11119	294	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	295	1	new	new	ADJ
spir-11119	295	2	media	medium	NOUN
spir-11119	295	3	&	&	CCONJ
spir-11119	295	4	society	society	NOUN
spir-11119	295	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	295	6	0	0	PUNCT
spir-11119	296	1	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	296	2	0	0	NUM
spir-11119	296	3	):	):	PUNCT
spir-11119	296	4	1	1	NUM
spir-11119	296	5	-	-	SYM
spir-11119	296	6	23	23	NUM
spir-11119	296	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	297	1	gerlitz	gerlitz	PROPN
spir-11119	297	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	297	3	c.	c.	PROPN
spir-11119	297	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	297	5	2016	2016	NUM
spir-11119	297	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	297	7	what	what	PRON
spir-11119	297	8	counts	count	VERB
spir-11119	297	9	?	?	PUNCT
spir-11119	298	1	reflections	reflection	NOUN
spir-11119	298	2	on	on	ADP
spir-11119	298	3	the	the	DET
spir-11119	298	4	multivalence	multivalence	NOUN
spir-11119	298	5	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	298	6	social	social	ADJ
spir-11119	298	7	media	medium	NOUN
spir-11119	298	8	data	datum	NOUN
spir-11119	298	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	299	1	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-11119	299	2	culture	culture	NOUN
spir-11119	299	3	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	299	4	society	society	NOUN
spir-11119	299	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	300	1	2	2	NUM
spir-11119	300	2	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	300	3	2	2	NUM
spir-11119	300	4	):	):	PUNCT
spir-11119	300	5	19	19	NUM
spir-11119	300	6	-	-	SYM
spir-11119	300	7	38	38	NUM
spir-11119	300	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	301	1	leszczynski	leszczynski	PROPN
spir-11119	301	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	301	3	a.	a.	NOUN
spir-11119	301	4	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	301	5	kitchin	kitchin	PROPN
spir-11119	301	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	301	7	r.	r.	PROPN
spir-11119	301	8	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	301	9	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	301	10	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	301	11	the	the	DET
spir-11119	301	12	seduction	seduction	NOUN
spir-11119	301	13	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	301	14	ubercity	ubercity	NOUN
spir-11119	301	15	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	302	1	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	302	2	m.	m.	PROPN
spir-11119	302	3	graham	graham	PROPN
spir-11119	302	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	302	5	r.	r.	PROPN
spir-11119	302	6	kitchin	kitchin	PROPN
spir-11119	302	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	302	8	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-11119	302	9	mattern	mattern	PROPN
spir-11119	302	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	302	11	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	302	12	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-11119	302	13	shaw	shaw	PROPN
spir-11119	302	14	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	302	15	eds	eds	PROPN
spir-11119	302	16	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	302	17	how	how	SCONJ
spir-11119	302	18	to	to	PART
spir-11119	302	19	run	run	VERB
spir-11119	302	20	a	a	DET
spir-11119	302	21	city	city	NOUN
spir-11119	302	22	like	like	ADP
spir-11119	302	23	amazon	amazon	NOUN
spir-11119	302	24	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	302	25	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	302	26	other	other	ADJ
spir-11119	302	27	fables	fable	NOUN
spir-11119	302	28	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	303	1	meatspace	meatspace	PROPN
spir-11119	303	2	press	press	PROPN
spir-11119	303	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	303	4	1179	1179	NUM
spir-11119	303	5	-	-	SYM
spir-11119	303	6	1195	1195	NUM
spir-11119	303	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	304	1	macfarlane	macfarlane	PROPN
spir-11119	304	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	304	3	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-11119	304	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	304	5	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	304	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	304	7	your	your	PRON
spir-11119	304	8	navigation	navigation	NOUN
spir-11119	304	9	app	app	NOUN
spir-11119	304	10	is	be	AUX
spir-11119	304	11	making	make	VERB
spir-11119	304	12	traffic	traffic	NOUN
spir-11119	304	13	unmanageable	unmanageable	ADJ
spir-11119	304	14	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	305	1	ieee	ieee	NOUN
spir-11119	305	2	spectrum	spectrum	PROPN
spir-11119	305	3	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	306	1	available	available	ADJ
spir-11119	306	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	307	1	https://spectrum.ieee.org/computing/hardware/your-navigationapp-is-making-traffic-unmanageable	https://spectrum.ieee.org/computing/hardware/your-navigationapp-is-making-traffic-unmanageable	NUM
spir-11119	307	2	[	[	PUNCT
spir-11119	307	3	accessed	access	VERB
spir-11119	307	4	20	20	NUM
spir-11119	307	5	february	february	NOUN
spir-11119	307	6	2020	2020	NUM
spir-11119	307	7	]	]	PUNCT
spir-11119	307	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	307	9	morozov	morozov	PROPN
spir-11119	307	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	307	11	e.	e.	PROPN
spir-11119	307	12	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	307	13	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	307	14	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	307	15	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-11119	307	16	socialism	socialism	NOUN
spir-11119	307	17	?	?	PUNCT
spir-11119	308	1	the	the	DET
spir-11119	308	2	socialist	socialist	ADJ
spir-11119	308	3	calculation	calculation	NOUN
spir-11119	308	4	debate	debate	NOUN
spir-11119	308	5	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	308	6	the	the	DET
spir-11119	308	7	age	age	NOUN
spir-11119	308	8	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	308	9	big	big	ADJ
spir-11119	308	10	data	datum	NOUN
spir-11119	308	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	309	1	new	new	ADJ
spir-11119	309	2	left	left	ADJ
spir-11119	309	3	review	review	NOUN
spir-11119	309	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	310	1	116/11	116/11	NUM
spir-11119	310	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	310	3	33	33	NUM
spir-11119	310	4	-	-	SYM
spir-11119	310	5	67	67	NUM
spir-11119	310	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	311	1	nieborg	nieborg	PROPN
spir-11119	311	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	311	3	d.	d.	PROPN
spir-11119	311	4	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	311	5	a.	a.	NOUN
spir-11119	311	6	helmond	helmond	NOUN
spir-11119	311	7	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	311	8	2018	2018	NUM
spir-11119	311	9	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	311	10	the	the	DET
spir-11119	311	11	political	political	ADJ
spir-11119	311	12	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-11119	311	13	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	311	14	facebook	facebook	PROPN
spir-11119	311	15	’s	’s	PART
spir-11119	311	16	platformization	platformization	NOUN
spir-11119	311	17	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	311	18	the	the	DET
spir-11119	311	19	mobile	mobile	ADJ
spir-11119	311	20	ecosystem	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-11119	311	21	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	311	22	facebook	facebook	NOUN
spir-11119	311	23	messenger	messenger	NOUN
spir-11119	311	24	as	as	ADP
spir-11119	311	25	a	a	DET
spir-11119	311	26	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	311	27	instance	instance	NOUN
spir-11119	311	28	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	312	1	media	medium	NOUN
spir-11119	312	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	312	3	culture	culture	NOUN
spir-11119	312	4	&	&	CCONJ
spir-11119	312	5	society	society	NOUN
spir-11119	312	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	313	1	41	41	NUM
spir-11119	313	2	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	313	3	2	2	NUM
spir-11119	313	4	):	):	PUNCT
spir-11119	313	5	196	196	NUM
spir-11119	313	6	-	-	SYM
spir-11119	313	7	218	218	NUM
spir-11119	313	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	313	9	philips	philips	PROPN
spir-11119	313	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	313	11	l.	l.	PROPN
spir-11119	313	12	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	313	13	m.	m.	NOUN
spir-11119	313	14	rozworski	rozworski	PROPN
spir-11119	313	15	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	313	16	2019	2019	NUM
spir-11119	313	17	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	313	18	people	people	NOUN
spir-11119	313	19	’s	’s	PART
spir-11119	313	20	republic	republic	NOUN
spir-11119	313	21	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	313	22	walmart	walmart	PROPN
spir-11119	313	23	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	313	24	how	how	SCONJ
spir-11119	313	25	the	the	DET
spir-11119	313	26	world	world	NOUN
spir-11119	313	27	’s	’s	PART
spir-11119	313	28	biggest	big	ADJ
spir-11119	313	29	corporation	corporation	NOUN
spir-11119	313	30	are	be	AUX
spir-11119	313	31	laying	lay	VERB
spir-11119	313	32	the	the	DET
spir-11119	313	33	foundations	foundation	NOUN
spir-11119	313	34	for	for	ADP
spir-11119	313	35	socialism	socialism	NOUN
spir-11119	313	36	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	314	1	london	london	PROPN
spir-11119	314	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	314	3	verso	verso	PROPN
spir-11119	314	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	315	1	shaw	shaw	PROPN
spir-11119	315	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	315	3	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-11119	315	4	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	315	5	m.	m.	PROPN
spir-11119	315	6	graham	graham	PROPN
spir-11119	315	7	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	315	8	2017	2017	NUM
spir-11119	315	9	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	315	10	our	our	PRON
spir-11119	315	11	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-11119	315	12	rights	right	NOUN
spir-11119	315	13	to	to	ADP
spir-11119	315	14	the	the	DET
spir-11119	315	15	city	city	NOUN
spir-11119	315	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	316	1	london	london	PROPN
spir-11119	316	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	316	3	meatspace	meatspace	PROPN
spir-11119	316	4	press	press	PROPN
spir-11119	316	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	317	1	srnicek	srnicek	NOUN
spir-11119	317	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	317	3	n.	n.	PROPN
spir-11119	317	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	317	5	2016	2016	NUM
spir-11119	317	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	317	7	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-11119	317	8	capitalism	capitalism	NOUN
spir-11119	317	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	318	1	cambridge	cambridge	NOUN
spir-11119	318	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	318	3	polity	polity	NOUN
spir-11119	318	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	319	1	stark	stark	PROPN
spir-11119	319	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	319	3	d.	d.	PROPN
spir-11119	319	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	319	5	2009	2009	NUM
spir-11119	319	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	319	7	the	the	DET
spir-11119	319	8	sense	sense	NOUN
spir-11119	319	9	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	319	10	dissonance	dissonance	NOUN
spir-11119	319	11	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	319	12	accounts	account	NOUN
spir-11119	319	13	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	319	14	worth	worth	NOUN
spir-11119	319	15	in	in	ADP
spir-11119	319	16	economic	economic	ADJ
spir-11119	319	17	life	life	NOUN
spir-11119	319	18	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	320	1	princeton	princeton	PROPN
spir-11119	320	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	320	3	nj	nj	PROPN
spir-11119	320	4	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	320	5	princeton	princeton	PROPN
spir-11119	320	6	university	university	PROPN
spir-11119	320	7	press	press	NOUN
spir-11119	320	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	321	1	zuboff	zuboff	PROPN
spir-11119	321	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-11119	321	3	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-11119	321	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	321	5	2015	2015	NUM
spir-11119	321	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-11119	321	7	big	big	ADJ
spir-11119	321	8	other	other	ADJ
spir-11119	321	9	:	:	PUNCT
spir-11119	321	10	surveillance	surveillance	NOUN
spir-11119	321	11	capitalism	capitalism	NOUN
spir-11119	321	12	and	and	CCONJ
spir-11119	321	13	the	the	DET
spir-11119	321	14	prospects	prospect	NOUN
spir-11119	321	15	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	321	16	an	an	DET
spir-11119	321	17	information	information	NOUN
spir-11119	321	18	civilization	civilization	NOUN
spir-11119	321	19	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	322	1	journal	journal	NOUN
spir-11119	322	2	of	of	ADP
spir-11119	322	3	information	information	NOUN
spir-11119	322	4	technology	technology	NOUN
spir-11119	322	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-11119	323	1	30	30	NUM
spir-11119	323	2	(	(	PUNCT
spir-11119	323	3	1	1	NUM
spir-11119	323	4	):	):	PUNCT
spir-11119	323	5	75	75	NUM
spir-11119	323	6	-	-	SYM
spir-11119	323	7	89	89	NUM
spir-11119	323	8	.	.	PUNCT