id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
spir-12258	1	1	microsoft	microsoft	PROPN
spir-12258	1	2	word	word	PROPN
spir-12258	1	3	vinhas	vinha	VERB
spir-12258	1	4	-	-	PUNCT
spir-12258	1	5	the	the	DET
spir-12258	1	6	limits	limit	NOUN
spir-12258	1	7	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	1	8	fact	fact	NOUN
spir-12258	1	9	checking	checking	NOUN
spir-12258	1	10	-	-	PUNCT
spir-12258	1	11	the	the	DET
spir-12258	1	12	limits	limit	NOUN
spir-12258	1	13	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	1	14	fact	fact	NOUN
spir-12258	1	15	checking.docx	checking.docx	NUM
spir-12258	1	16	selected	select	VERB
spir-12258	1	17	papers	paper	NOUN
spir-12258	1	18	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	1	19	#	#	SYM
spir-12258	1	20	aoir2021	aoir2021	NOUN
spir-12258	1	21	:	:	PUNCT
spir-12258	1	22	the	the	DET
spir-12258	1	23	22nd	22nd	ADJ
spir-12258	1	24	annual	annual	ADJ
spir-12258	1	25	conference	conference	NOUN
spir-12258	1	26	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	1	27	the	the	DET
spir-12258	1	28	association	association	NOUN
spir-12258	1	29	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	1	30	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-12258	1	31	researchers	researcher	NOUN
spir-12258	1	32	virtual	virtual	ADJ
spir-12258	1	33	event	event	NOUN
spir-12258	1	34	/	/	SYM
spir-12258	1	35	13	13	NUM
spir-12258	1	36	-	-	SYM
spir-12258	1	37	16	16	NUM
spir-12258	1	38	oct	oct	PROPN
spir-12258	1	39	2021	2021	NUM
spir-12258	1	40	suggested	suggest	VERB
spir-12258	1	41	citation	citation	NOUN
spir-12258	1	42	(	(	PUNCT
spir-12258	1	43	apa	apa	PROPN
spir-12258	1	44	):	):	PUNCT
spir-12258	1	45	lastname	lastname	PROPN
spir-12258	1	46	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	1	47	firstinitial	firstinitial	NOUN
spir-12258	1	48	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	2	1	(	(	PUNCT
spir-12258	2	2	2021	2021	NUM
spir-12258	2	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	2	4	october	october	PROPN
spir-12258	2	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	2	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	3	1	the	the	DET
spir-12258	3	2	limits	limit	NOUN
spir-12258	3	3	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	3	4	fact	fact	NOUN
spir-12258	3	5	-	-	PUNCT
spir-12258	3	6	checking	checking	NOUN
spir-12258	3	7	:	:	PUNCT
spir-12258	3	8	eight	eight	NUM
spir-12258	3	9	notes	note	NOUN
spir-12258	3	10	on	on	ADP
spir-12258	3	11	consensus	consensus	NOUN
spir-12258	3	12	reality	reality	NOUN
spir-12258	3	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	4	1	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-12258	4	2	presented	present	VERB
spir-12258	4	3	at	at	ADP
spir-12258	4	4	aoir	aoir	NOUN
spir-12258	4	5	2021	2021	NUM
spir-12258	4	6	:	:	PUNCT
spir-12258	4	7	the	the	DET
spir-12258	4	8	22nd	22nd	ADJ
spir-12258	4	9	annual	annual	ADJ
spir-12258	4	10	conference	conference	NOUN
spir-12258	4	11	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	4	12	the	the	DET
spir-12258	4	13	association	association	NOUN
spir-12258	4	14	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	4	15	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-12258	4	16	researchers	researcher	NOUN
spir-12258	4	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	5	1	virtual	virtual	ADJ
spir-12258	5	2	event	event	NOUN
spir-12258	5	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-12258	5	4	aoir	aoir	NOUN
spir-12258	5	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	5	6	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
spir-12258	5	7	from	from	ADP
spir-12258	5	8	http://spir.aoir.org	http://spir.aoir.org	PROPN
spir-12258	5	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	6	1	the	the	DET
spir-12258	6	2	limits	limit	NOUN
spir-12258	6	3	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	6	4	fact	fact	NOUN
spir-12258	6	5	-	-	PUNCT
spir-12258	6	6	checking	checking	NOUN
spir-12258	6	7	:	:	PUNCT
spir-12258	6	8	eight	eight	NUM
spir-12258	6	9	notes	note	NOUN
spir-12258	6	10	on	on	ADP
spir-12258	6	11	consensus	consensus	NOUN
spir-12258	6	12	reality	reality	NOUN
spir-12258	6	13	otávio	otávio	NOUN
spir-12258	6	14	vinhas	vinhas	PROPN
spir-12258	6	15	university	university	PROPN
spir-12258	6	16	college	college	PROPN
spir-12258	6	17	dublin	dublin	PROPN
spir-12258	6	18	marco	marco	PROPN
spir-12258	6	19	bastos	bastos	PROPN
spir-12258	6	20	university	university	PROPN
spir-12258	6	21	college	college	PROPN
spir-12258	6	22	dublin	dublin	PROPN
spir-12258	6	23	;	;	PUNCT
spir-12258	6	24	city	city	NOUN
spir-12258	6	25	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	6	26	university	university	PROPN
spir-12258	6	27	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	6	28	london	london	PROPN
spir-12258	6	29	introduction	introduction	NOUN
spir-12258	6	30	considerable	considerable	ADJ
spir-12258	6	31	efforts	effort	NOUN
spir-12258	6	32	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	6	33	resources	resource	NOUN
spir-12258	6	34	have	have	AUX
spir-12258	6	35	been	be	AUX
spir-12258	6	36	allocated	allocate	VERB
spir-12258	6	37	to	to	ADP
spir-12258	6	38	the	the	DET
spir-12258	6	39	fact	fact	NOUN
spir-12258	6	40	-	-	PUNCT
spir-12258	6	41	checking	check	VERB
spir-12258	6	42	industry	industry	NOUN
spir-12258	6	43	as	as	ADP
spir-12258	6	44	a	a	DET
spir-12258	6	45	potential	potential	ADJ
spir-12258	6	46	solution	solution	NOUN
spir-12258	6	47	to	to	ADP
spir-12258	6	48	correcting	correct	VERB
spir-12258	6	49	prior	prior	ADJ
spir-12258	6	50	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
spir-12258	6	51	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	6	52	offsetting	offset	VERB
spir-12258	6	53	the	the	DET
spir-12258	6	54	upsurge	upsurge	NOUN
spir-12258	6	55	in	in	ADP
spir-12258	6	56	hyperpartisanship	hyperpartisanship	NOUN
spir-12258	6	57	that	that	PRON
spir-12258	6	58	nurtures	nurture	VERB
spir-12258	6	59	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN
spir-12258	6	60	(	(	PUNCT
spir-12258	6	61	marietta	marietta	PROPN
spir-12258	6	62	&	&	CCONJ
spir-12258	6	63	barker	barker	PROPN
spir-12258	6	64	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	6	65	2019	2019	NUM
spir-12258	6	66	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	6	67	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	7	1	the	the	DET
spir-12258	7	2	expansion	expansion	NOUN
spir-12258	7	3	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	7	4	this	this	DET
spir-12258	7	5	industry	industry	NOUN
spir-12258	7	6	is	be	AUX
spir-12258	7	7	associated	associate	VERB
spir-12258	7	8	with	with	ADP
spir-12258	7	9	a	a	DET
spir-12258	7	10	political	political	ADJ
spir-12258	7	11	context	context	NOUN
spir-12258	7	12	marked	mark	VERB
spir-12258	7	13	by	by	ADP
spir-12258	7	14	the	the	DET
spir-12258	7	15	spread	spread	NOUN
spir-12258	7	16	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	7	17	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN
spir-12258	7	18	(	(	PUNCT
spir-12258	7	19	lewandowsky	lewandowsky	ADJ
spir-12258	7	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	7	21	ecker	ecker	PROPN
spir-12258	7	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	7	23	seifert	seifert	PROPN
spir-12258	7	24	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	7	25	schwarz	schwarz	PROPN
spir-12258	7	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	7	27	&	&	CCONJ
spir-12258	7	28	cook	cook	PROPN
spir-12258	7	29	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	7	30	2012	2012	NUM
spir-12258	7	31	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	7	32	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	7	33	where	where	SCONJ
spir-12258	7	34	trust	trust	NOUN
spir-12258	7	35	in	in	ADP
spir-12258	7	36	government	government	NOUN
spir-12258	7	37	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	7	38	institutions	institution	NOUN
spir-12258	7	39	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	7	40	including	include	VERB
spir-12258	7	41	news	news	NOUN
spir-12258	7	42	organizations	organization	NOUN
spir-12258	7	43	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	7	44	have	have	AUX
spir-12258	7	45	markedly	markedly	ADV
spir-12258	7	46	decreased	decrease	VERB
spir-12258	7	47	(	(	PUNCT
spir-12258	7	48	amazeen	amazeen	ADV
spir-12258	7	49	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	7	50	2020	2020	NUM
spir-12258	7	51	;	;	PUNCT
spir-12258	7	52	zuckerman	zuckerman	NOUN
spir-12258	7	53	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	7	54	2017	2017	NUM
spir-12258	7	55	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	7	56	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	8	1	several	several	ADJ
spir-12258	8	2	organizations	organization	NOUN
spir-12258	8	3	emerged	emerge	VERB
spir-12258	8	4	that	that	PRON
spir-12258	8	5	envisioned	envision	VERB
spir-12258	8	6	an	an	DET
spir-12258	8	7	expansion	expansion	NOUN
spir-12258	8	8	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	8	9	journalistic	journalistic	ADJ
spir-12258	8	10	practices	practice	NOUN
spir-12258	8	11	devoted	devote	VERB
spir-12258	8	12	not	not	PART
spir-12258	8	13	only	only	ADV
spir-12258	8	14	to	to	ADP
spir-12258	8	15	selecting	select	VERB
spir-12258	8	16	information	information	NOUN
spir-12258	8	17	but	but	CCONJ
spir-12258	8	18	actively	actively	ADV
spir-12258	8	19	classifying	classify	VERB
spir-12258	8	20	information	information	NOUN
spir-12258	8	21	that	that	PRON
spir-12258	8	22	is	be	AUX
spir-12258	8	23	deemed	deem	VERB
spir-12258	8	24	to	to	PART
spir-12258	8	25	be	be	AUX
spir-12258	8	26	true	true	ADJ
spir-12258	8	27	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	8	28	therefore	therefore	ADV
spir-12258	8	29	trustworthy	trustworthy	ADJ
spir-12258	8	30	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	8	31	information	information	NOUN
spir-12258	8	32	that	that	PRON
spir-12258	8	33	is	be	AUX
spir-12258	8	34	false	false	ADJ
spir-12258	8	35	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	8	36	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	8	37	consequently	consequently	ADV
spir-12258	8	38	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	8	39	harmful	harmful	ADJ
spir-12258	8	40	to	to	ADP
spir-12258	8	41	the	the	DET
spir-12258	8	42	public	public	ADJ
spir-12258	8	43	debate	debate	NOUN
spir-12258	8	44	(	(	PUNCT
spir-12258	8	45	graves	grave	NOUN
spir-12258	8	46	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	8	47	2016	2016	NUM
spir-12258	8	48	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	8	49	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	9	1	the	the	DET
spir-12258	9	2	number	number	NOUN
spir-12258	9	3	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	9	4	fact	fact	NOUN
spir-12258	9	5	-	-	PUNCT
spir-12258	9	6	checking	check	VERB
spir-12258	9	7	organizations	organization	NOUN
spir-12258	9	8	more	more	ADV
spir-12258	9	9	than	than	ADP
spir-12258	9	10	doubled	double	VERB
spir-12258	9	11	since	since	SCONJ
spir-12258	9	12	2016	2016	NUM
spir-12258	9	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	9	14	reaching	reach	VERB
spir-12258	9	15	304	304	NUM
spir-12258	9	16	organizations	organization	NOUN
spir-12258	9	17	in	in	ADP
spir-12258	9	18	84	84	NUM
spir-12258	9	19	different	different	ADJ
spir-12258	9	20	countries	country	NOUN
spir-12258	9	21	worldwide	worldwide	ADV
spir-12258	9	22	(	(	PUNCT
spir-12258	9	23	stencel	stencel	PROPN
spir-12258	9	24	&	&	CCONJ
spir-12258	9	25	luther	luther	PROPN
spir-12258	9	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	9	27	2020	2020	NUM
spir-12258	9	28	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	9	29	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	10	1	as	as	SCONJ
spir-12258	10	2	the	the	DET
spir-12258	10	3	industry	industry	NOUN
spir-12258	10	4	expands	expand	VERB
spir-12258	10	5	as	as	ADP
spir-12258	10	6	a	a	DET
spir-12258	10	7	partial	partial	ADJ
spir-12258	10	8	solution	solution	NOUN
spir-12258	10	9	to	to	PART
spir-12258	10	10	mitigate	mitigate	VERB
spir-12258	10	11	informational	informational	ADJ
spir-12258	10	12	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
spir-12258	10	13	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	10	14	institutional	institutional	ADJ
spir-12258	10	15	distrust	distrust	NOUN
spir-12258	10	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	10	17	its	its	PRON
spir-12258	10	18	capabilities	capability	NOUN
spir-12258	10	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	10	20	limitations	limitation	NOUN
spir-12258	10	21	to	to	PART
spir-12258	10	22	counter	counter	VERB
spir-12258	10	23	the	the	DET
spir-12258	10	24	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN
spir-12258	10	25	landscape	landscape	NOUN
spir-12258	10	26	should	should	AUX
spir-12258	10	27	be	be	AUX
spir-12258	10	28	reviewed	review	VERB
spir-12258	10	29	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	11	1	the	the	DET
spir-12258	11	2	main	main	ADJ
spir-12258	11	3	tenet	tenet	NOUN
spir-12258	11	4	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	11	5	fact	fact	NOUN
spir-12258	11	6	-	-	PUNCT
spir-12258	11	7	checking	check	VERB
spir-12258	11	8	consists	consist	NOUN
spir-12258	11	9	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	11	10	verifying	verifying	NOUN
spir-12258	11	11	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	11	12	correcting	correct	VERB
spir-12258	11	13	false	false	ADJ
spir-12258	11	14	claims	claim	NOUN
spir-12258	11	15	to	to	PART
spir-12258	11	16	protect	protect	VERB
spir-12258	11	17	the	the	DET
spir-12258	11	18	democratic	democratic	ADJ
spir-12258	11	19	principles	principle	NOUN
spir-12258	11	20	underpinning	underpin	VERB
spir-12258	11	21	political	political	ADJ
spir-12258	11	22	deliberation	deliberation	NOUN
spir-12258	11	23	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	12	1	the	the	DET
spir-12258	12	2	practice	practice	NOUN
spir-12258	12	3	is	be	AUX
spir-12258	12	4	posited	posit	VERB
spir-12258	12	5	as	as	ADP
spir-12258	12	6	the	the	DET
spir-12258	12	7	diametrical	diametrical	ADJ
spir-12258	12	8	opposite	opposite	NOUN
spir-12258	12	9	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	12	10	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN
spir-12258	12	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	12	12	providing	provide	VERB
spir-12258	12	13	evidence	evidence	NOUN
spir-12258	12	14	to	to	PART
spir-12258	12	15	rebut	rebut	VERB
spir-12258	12	16	the	the	DET
spir-12258	12	17	inaccuracies	inaccuracy	NOUN
spir-12258	12	18	advanced	advanced	ADJ
spir-12258	12	19	to	to	PART
spir-12258	12	20	mislead	mislead	VERB
spir-12258	12	21	individuals	individual	NOUN
spir-12258	12	22	(	(	PUNCT
spir-12258	12	23	jiang	jiang	PROPN
spir-12258	12	24	&	&	CCONJ
spir-12258	12	25	wilson	wilson	PROPN
spir-12258	12	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	12	27	2018	2018	NUM
spir-12258	12	28	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	12	29	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	13	1	however	however	ADV
spir-12258	13	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	13	3	while	while	SCONJ
spir-12258	13	4	the	the	DET
spir-12258	13	5	fact	fact	NOUN
spir-12258	13	6	-	-	PUNCT
spir-12258	13	7	checking	check	VERB
spir-12258	13	8	movement	movement	NOUN
spir-12258	13	9	arises	arise	VERB
spir-12258	13	10	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	13	11	establishes	establish	VERB
spir-12258	13	12	partnerships	partnership	NOUN
spir-12258	13	13	with	with	ADP
spir-12258	13	14	social	social	ADJ
spir-12258	13	15	media	medium	NOUN
spir-12258	13	16	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-12258	13	17	(	(	PUNCT
spir-12258	13	18	facebook	facebook	NOUN
spir-12258	13	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	13	20	2018a	2018a	NUM
spir-12258	13	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	13	22	2018b	2018b	NUM
spir-12258	13	23	;	;	PUNCT
spir-12258	13	24	twitter	twitter	NOUN
spir-12258	13	25	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	13	26	2019	2019	NUM
spir-12258	13	27	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	13	28	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	13	29	practitioners	practitioner	NOUN
spir-12258	13	30	are	be	AUX
spir-12258	13	31	also	also	ADV
spir-12258	13	32	shifting	shift	VERB
spir-12258	13	33	their	their	PRON
spir-12258	13	34	focus	focus	NOUN
spir-12258	13	35	to	to	PART
spir-12258	13	36	combat	combat	VERB
spir-12258	13	37	online	online	ADJ
spir-12258	13	38	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN
spir-12258	13	39	(	(	PUNCT
spir-12258	13	40	graves	grave	NOUN
spir-12258	13	41	&	&	CCONJ
spir-12258	13	42	mantzarlis	mantzarlis	PROPN
spir-12258	13	43	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	13	44	2020	2020	NUM
spir-12258	13	45	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	13	46	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	14	1	this	this	DET
spir-12258	14	2	expansion	expansion	NOUN
spir-12258	14	3	is	be	AUX
spir-12258	14	4	also	also	ADV
spir-12258	14	5	designed	design	VERB
spir-12258	14	6	to	to	PART
spir-12258	14	7	counter	counter	VERB
spir-12258	14	8	the	the	DET
spir-12258	14	9	growing	grow	VERB
spir-12258	14	10	distrust	distrust	NOUN
spir-12258	14	11	in	in	ADP
spir-12258	14	12	democratic	democratic	ADJ
spir-12258	14	13	institutions	institution	NOUN
spir-12258	14	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	14	15	particularly	particularly	ADV
spir-12258	14	16	the	the	DET
spir-12258	14	17	government	government	NOUN
spir-12258	14	18	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	14	19	mainstream	mainstream	NOUN
spir-12258	14	20	media	medium	NOUN
spir-12258	14	21	(	(	PUNCT
spir-12258	14	22	amazeen	amazeen	VERB
spir-12258	14	23	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	14	24	2020	2020	NUM
spir-12258	14	25	;	;	PUNCT
spir-12258	14	26	zuckerman	zuckerman	NOUN
spir-12258	14	27	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	14	28	2017	2017	NUM
spir-12258	14	29	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	14	30	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	14	31	while	while	SCONJ
spir-12258	14	32	also	also	ADV
spir-12258	14	33	offsetting	offset	VERB
spir-12258	14	34	the	the	DET
spir-12258	14	35	growing	grow	VERB
spir-12258	14	36	epistemic	epistemic	ADJ
spir-12258	14	37	crisis	crisis	NOUN
spir-12258	14	38	manifested	manifest	VERB
spir-12258	14	39	in	in	ADP
spir-12258	14	40	reports	report	NOUN
spir-12258	14	41	about	about	ADP
spir-12258	14	42	information	information	NOUN
spir-12258	14	43	disorders	disorder	NOUN
spir-12258	14	44	(	(	PUNCT
spir-12258	14	45	wardle	wardle	NOUN
spir-12258	14	46	&	&	CCONJ
spir-12258	14	47	derakhshan	derakhshan	PROPN
spir-12258	14	48	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	14	49	2017	2017	NUM
spir-12258	14	50	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	14	51	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	15	1	yet	yet	ADV
spir-12258	15	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	15	3	the	the	DET
spir-12258	15	4	rampant	rampant	ADJ
spir-12258	15	5	distribution	distribution	NOUN
spir-12258	15	6	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	15	7	false	false	ADJ
spir-12258	15	8	content	content	NOUN
spir-12258	15	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	15	10	the	the	DET
spir-12258	15	11	epistemic	epistemic	ADJ
spir-12258	15	12	effects	effect	NOUN
spir-12258	15	13	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	15	14	its	its	PRON
spir-12258	15	15	spreadability	spreadability	NOUN
spir-12258	15	16	across	across	ADP
spir-12258	15	17	social	social	ADJ
spir-12258	15	18	networks	network	NOUN
spir-12258	15	19	poses	pose	VERB
spir-12258	15	20	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ
spir-12258	15	21	questions	question	NOUN
spir-12258	15	22	about	about	ADP
spir-12258	15	23	fact	fact	NOUN
spir-12258	15	24	-	-	PUNCT
spir-12258	15	25	checking	check	VERB
spir-12258	15	26	limitations	limitation	NOUN
spir-12258	15	27	in	in	ADP
spir-12258	15	28	addressing	address	VERB
spir-12258	15	29	problems	problem	NOUN
spir-12258	15	30	that	that	PRON
spir-12258	15	31	do	do	AUX
spir-12258	15	32	not	not	PART
spir-12258	15	33	occur	occur	VERB
spir-12258	15	34	in	in	ADP
spir-12258	15	35	isolation	isolation	NOUN
spir-12258	15	36	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	16	1	instead	instead	ADV
spir-12258	16	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	16	3	these	these	DET
spir-12258	16	4	problems	problem	NOUN
spir-12258	16	5	stem	stem	VERB
spir-12258	16	6	from	from	ADP
spir-12258	16	7	broader	broad	ADJ
spir-12258	16	8	social	social	ADJ
spir-12258	16	9	tensions	tension	NOUN
spir-12258	16	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	16	11	technological	technological	ADJ
spir-12258	16	12	affordances	affordance	NOUN
spir-12258	16	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	16	14	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	16	15	partisan	partisan	ADJ
spir-12258	16	16	arrangements	arrangement	NOUN
spir-12258	16	17	(	(	PUNCT
spir-12258	16	18	benkler	benkler	NOUN
spir-12258	16	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	16	20	faris	faris	PROPN
spir-12258	16	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	16	22	&	&	CCONJ
spir-12258	16	23	roberts	roberts	PROPN
spir-12258	16	24	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	16	25	2018	2018	NUM
spir-12258	16	26	;	;	PUNCT
spir-12258	16	27	bennett	bennett	PROPN
spir-12258	16	28	&	&	CCONJ
spir-12258	16	29	pfetsch	pfetsch	PROPN
spir-12258	16	30	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	16	31	2018	2018	NUM
spir-12258	16	32	;	;	PUNCT
spir-12258	16	33	lewandowsky	lewandowsky	ADJ
spir-12258	16	34	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	16	35	ecker	ecker	NOUN
spir-12258	16	36	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	16	37	&	&	CCONJ
spir-12258	16	38	cook	cook	PROPN
spir-12258	16	39	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	16	40	2017	2017	NUM
spir-12258	16	41	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	16	42	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	17	1	in	in	ADP
spir-12258	17	2	this	this	DET
spir-12258	17	3	study	study	NOUN
spir-12258	17	4	we	we	PRON
spir-12258	17	5	review	review	VERB
spir-12258	17	6	the	the	DET
spir-12258	17	7	literature	literature	NOUN
spir-12258	17	8	on	on	ADP
spir-12258	17	9	fact	fact	NOUN
spir-12258	17	10	-	-	PUNCT
spir-12258	17	11	checking	checking	NOUN
spir-12258	17	12	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	17	13	the	the	DET
spir-12258	17	14	empirical	empirical	ADJ
spir-12258	17	15	evidence	evidence	NOUN
spir-12258	17	16	contending	contend	VERB
spir-12258	17	17	that	that	SCONJ
spir-12258	17	18	it	it	PRON
spir-12258	17	19	can	can	AUX
spir-12258	17	20	correct	correct	VERB
spir-12258	17	21	prior	prior	ADJ
spir-12258	17	22	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
spir-12258	17	23	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	17	24	false	false	ADJ
spir-12258	17	25	information	information	NOUN
spir-12258	17	26	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	18	1	we	we	PRON
spir-12258	18	2	outline	outline	VERB
spir-12258	18	3	eight	eight	NUM
spir-12258	18	4	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ
spir-12258	18	5	problems	problem	NOUN
spir-12258	18	6	with	with	ADP
spir-12258	18	7	fact	fact	NOUN
spir-12258	18	8	-	-	PUNCT
spir-12258	18	9	checking	check	VERB
spir-12258	18	10	revolving	revolve	VERB
spir-12258	18	11	around	around	ADP
spir-12258	18	12	epistemology	epistemology	NOUN
spir-12258	18	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	18	14	methodology	methodology	NOUN
spir-12258	18	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	18	16	implementation	implementation	NOUN
spir-12258	18	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	18	18	polarization	polarization	NOUN
spir-12258	18	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	18	20	bias	bias	NOUN
spir-12258	18	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	18	22	efficacy	efficacy	NOUN
spir-12258	18	23	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	18	24	ambiguity	ambiguity	NOUN
spir-12258	18	25	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	18	26	ephemerality	ephemerality	NOUN
spir-12258	18	27	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	18	28	objectivity	objectivity	NOUN
spir-12258	18	29	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	18	30	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	18	31	criticism	criticism	NOUN
spir-12258	18	32	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	19	1	we	we	PRON
spir-12258	19	2	discuss	discuss	VERB
spir-12258	19	3	these	these	DET
spir-12258	19	4	problems	problem	NOUN
spir-12258	19	5	in	in	ADP
spir-12258	19	6	relation	relation	NOUN
spir-12258	19	7	to	to	ADP
spir-12258	19	8	recent	recent	ADJ
spir-12258	19	9	developments	development	NOUN
spir-12258	19	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	19	11	including	include	VERB
spir-12258	19	12	the	the	DET
spir-12258	19	13	establishment	establishment	NOUN
spir-12258	19	14	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	19	15	fact	fact	NOUN
spir-12258	19	16	-	-	PUNCT
spir-12258	19	17	checking	check	VERB
spir-12258	19	18	agencies	agency	NOUN
spir-12258	19	19	across	across	ADP
spir-12258	19	20	the	the	DET
spir-12258	19	21	world	world	NOUN
spir-12258	19	22	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	19	23	national	national	ADJ
spir-12258	19	24	elections	election	NOUN
spir-12258	19	25	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	19	26	both	both	CCONJ
spir-12258	19	27	in	in	ADP
spir-12258	19	28	western	western	ADJ
spir-12258	19	29	countries	country	NOUN
spir-12258	19	30	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	19	31	in	in	ADP
spir-12258	19	32	the	the	DET
spir-12258	19	33	global	global	ADJ
spir-12258	19	34	south	south	NOUN
spir-12258	19	35	that	that	PRON
spir-12258	19	36	led	lead	VERB
spir-12258	19	37	to	to	ADP
spir-12258	19	38	greater	great	ADJ
spir-12258	19	39	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
spir-12258	19	40	despite	despite	SCONJ
spir-12258	19	41	intense	intense	ADJ
spir-12258	19	42	fact	fact	NOUN
spir-12258	19	43	-	-	PUNCT
spir-12258	19	44	checking	checking	NOUN
spir-12258	19	45	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	20	1	in	in	ADP
spir-12258	20	2	the	the	DET
spir-12258	20	3	following	following	NOUN
spir-12258	20	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	20	5	we	we	PRON
spir-12258	20	6	discuss	discuss	VERB
spir-12258	20	7	in	in	ADP
spir-12258	20	8	detail	detail	NOUN
spir-12258	20	9	the	the	DET
spir-12258	20	10	unsurmountable	unsurmountable	ADJ
spir-12258	20	11	limitations	limitation	NOUN
spir-12258	20	12	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	20	13	fact	fact	NOUN
spir-12258	20	14	-	-	PUNCT
spir-12258	20	15	checking	checking	NOUN
spir-12258	20	16	summarized	summarize	VERB
spir-12258	20	17	in	in	ADP
spir-12258	20	18	eight	eight	NUM
spir-12258	20	19	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ
spir-12258	20	20	limitations	limitation	NOUN
spir-12258	20	21	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	21	1	discussion	discussion	NOUN
spir-12258	21	2	the	the	DET
spir-12258	21	3	four	four	NUM
spir-12258	21	4	case	case	NOUN
spir-12258	21	5	studies	study	NOUN
spir-12258	21	6	discussed	discuss	VERB
spir-12258	21	7	in	in	ADP
spir-12258	21	8	this	this	DET
spir-12258	21	9	study	study	NOUN
spir-12258	21	10	foreground	foreground	VERB
spir-12258	21	11	the	the	DET
spir-12258	21	12	shortcomings	shortcoming	NOUN
spir-12258	21	13	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	21	14	factchecking	factchecke	VERB
spir-12258	21	15	in	in	ADP
spir-12258	21	16	contexts	context	NOUN
spir-12258	21	17	where	where	SCONJ
spir-12258	21	18	contentious	contentious	ADJ
spir-12258	21	19	politics	politic	NOUN
spir-12258	21	20	took	take	VERB
spir-12258	21	21	precedence	precedence	NOUN
spir-12258	21	22	over	over	ADP
spir-12258	21	23	consensual	consensual	ADJ
spir-12258	21	24	reasoning	reasoning	NOUN
spir-12258	21	25	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	22	1	they	they	PRON
spir-12258	22	2	also	also	ADV
spir-12258	22	3	caution	caution	VERB
spir-12258	22	4	against	against	ADP
spir-12258	22	5	normative	normative	ADJ
spir-12258	22	6	parameters	parameter	NOUN
spir-12258	22	7	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	22	8	valid	valid	ADJ
spir-12258	22	9	speech	speech	NOUN
spir-12258	22	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	22	11	particularly	particularly	ADV
spir-12258	22	12	in	in	ADP
spir-12258	22	13	contexts	context	NOUN
spir-12258	22	14	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	22	15	an	an	DET
spir-12258	22	16	institutional	institutional	ADJ
spir-12258	22	17	crisis	crisis	NOUN
spir-12258	22	18	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	22	19	trust	trust	NOUN
spir-12258	22	20	where	where	SCONJ
spir-12258	22	21	hegemonic	hegemonic	ADJ
spir-12258	22	22	narratives	narrative	NOUN
spir-12258	22	23	are	be	AUX
spir-12258	22	24	fraught	fraught	ADJ
spir-12258	22	25	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	22	26	disputed	dispute	VERB
spir-12258	22	27	by	by	ADP
spir-12258	22	28	actors	actor	NOUN
spir-12258	22	29	disengaged	disengage	VERB
spir-12258	22	30	from	from	ADP
spir-12258	22	31	consensus	consensus	NOUN
spir-12258	22	32	reasoning	reasoning	NOUN
spir-12258	22	33	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	23	1	the	the	DET
spir-12258	23	2	case	case	NOUN
spir-12258	23	3	studies	study	NOUN
spir-12258	23	4	also	also	ADV
spir-12258	23	5	show	show	VERB
spir-12258	23	6	that	that	SCONJ
spir-12258	23	7	dissensus	dissensus	NOUN
spir-12258	23	8	reality	reality	NOUN
spir-12258	23	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	23	10	conspiracy	conspiracy	NOUN
spir-12258	23	11	theorizing	theorizing	NOUN
spir-12258	23	12	are	be	AUX
spir-12258	23	13	not	not	PART
spir-12258	23	14	prerogatives	prerogative	NOUN
spir-12258	23	15	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	23	16	the	the	DET
spir-12258	23	17	far	far	ADV
spir-12258	23	18	-	-	PUNCT
spir-12258	23	19	right	right	NOUN
spir-12258	23	20	(	(	PUNCT
spir-12258	23	21	benkler	benkler	NOUN
spir-12258	23	22	et	et	PROPN
spir-12258	23	23	al	al	PROPN
spir-12258	23	24	.	.	PROPN
spir-12258	23	25	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	23	26	2018	2018	NUM
spir-12258	23	27	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	23	28	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	23	29	notwithstanding	notwithstanding	ADP
spir-12258	23	30	conservatives	conservative	NOUN
spir-12258	23	31	being	be	AUX
spir-12258	23	32	reportedly	reportedly	ADV
spir-12258	23	33	more	more	ADV
spir-12258	23	34	hostile	hostile	ADJ
spir-12258	23	35	towards	towards	ADP
spir-12258	23	36	fact	fact	NOUN
spir-12258	23	37	-	-	PUNCT
spir-12258	23	38	checkers	checker	NOUN
spir-12258	23	39	in	in	ADP
spir-12258	23	40	various	various	ADJ
spir-12258	23	41	countries	country	NOUN
spir-12258	23	42	(	(	PUNCT
spir-12258	23	43	lyons	lyons	PROPN
spir-12258	23	44	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	23	45	mérola	mérola	PROPN
spir-12258	23	46	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	23	47	reifler	reifler	PROPN
spir-12258	23	48	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	23	49	&	&	CCONJ
spir-12258	23	50	stoeckel	stoeckel	PROPN
spir-12258	23	51	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	23	52	2020	2020	NUM
spir-12258	23	53	;	;	PUNCT
spir-12258	23	54	shin	shin	PROPN
spir-12258	23	55	&	&	CCONJ
spir-12258	23	56	thorson	thorson	PROPN
spir-12258	23	57	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	23	58	2017	2017	NUM
spir-12258	23	59	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	23	60	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	24	1	the	the	DET
spir-12258	24	2	allegiances	allegiance	NOUN
spir-12258	24	3	that	that	PRON
spir-12258	24	4	underpin	underpin	VERB
spir-12258	24	5	the	the	DET
spir-12258	24	6	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN
spir-12258	24	7	landscape	landscape	NOUN
spir-12258	24	8	may	may	AUX
spir-12258	24	9	be	be	AUX
spir-12258	24	10	detached	detach	VERB
spir-12258	24	11	from	from	ADP
spir-12258	24	12	ideological	ideological	ADJ
spir-12258	24	13	fault	fault	NOUN
spir-12258	24	14	lines	line	NOUN
spir-12258	24	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	24	16	feeding	feed	VERB
spir-12258	24	17	instead	instead	ADV
spir-12258	24	18	on	on	ADP
spir-12258	24	19	epistemological	epistemological	ADJ
spir-12258	24	20	cleavages	cleavage	NOUN
spir-12258	24	21	where	where	SCONJ
spir-12258	24	22	the	the	DET
spir-12258	24	23	establishment	establishment	NOUN
spir-12258	24	24	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	24	25	facts	fact	NOUN
spir-12258	24	26	is	be	AUX
spir-12258	24	27	contingent	contingent	ADJ
spir-12258	24	28	on	on	ADP
spir-12258	24	29	political	political	ADJ
spir-12258	24	30	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	24	31	value	value	NOUN
spir-12258	24	32	-	-	PUNCT
spir-12258	24	33	based	base	VERB
spir-12258	24	34	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
spir-12258	24	35	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	25	1	fact	fact	NOUN
spir-12258	25	2	checks	check	NOUN
spir-12258	25	3	thus	thus	ADV
spir-12258	25	4	reestablish	reestablish	VERB
spir-12258	25	5	the	the	DET
spir-12258	25	6	social	social	ADJ
spir-12258	25	7	order	order	NOUN
spir-12258	25	8	by	by	ADP
spir-12258	25	9	resorting	resort	VERB
spir-12258	25	10	to	to	ADP
spir-12258	25	11	forms	form	NOUN
spir-12258	25	12	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	25	13	universal	universal	ADJ
spir-12258	25	14	demarcation―including	demarcation―include	VERB
spir-12258	25	15	true	true	ADJ
spir-12258	25	16	/	/	SYM
spir-12258	25	17	false	false	ADJ
spir-12258	25	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	25	19	fact	fact	NOUN
spir-12258	25	20	/	/	SYM
spir-12258	25	21	fiction	fiction	NOUN
spir-12258	25	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	25	23	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	25	24	nature	nature	NOUN
spir-12258	25	25	/	/	SYM
spir-12258	25	26	spirit―principles	spirit―principle	NOUN
spir-12258	25	27	that	that	PRON
spir-12258	25	28	continue	continue	VERB
spir-12258	25	29	to	to	PART
spir-12258	25	30	orient	orient	VERB
spir-12258	25	31	journalistic	journalistic	ADJ
spir-12258	25	32	practices	practice	NOUN
spir-12258	25	33	(	(	PUNCT
spir-12258	25	34	waisbord	waisbord	NOUN
spir-12258	25	35	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	25	36	2018	2018	NUM
spir-12258	25	37	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	25	38	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	26	1	however	however	ADV
spir-12258	26	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	26	3	with	with	ADP
spir-12258	26	4	social	social	ADJ
spir-12258	26	5	media	medium	NOUN
spir-12258	26	6	communication	communication	NOUN
spir-12258	26	7	allowing	allow	VERB
spir-12258	26	8	social	social	ADJ
spir-12258	26	9	groups	group	NOUN
spir-12258	26	10	to	to	PART
spir-12258	26	11	insulate	insulate	VERB
spir-12258	26	12	themselves	themselves	PRON
spir-12258	26	13	from	from	ADP
spir-12258	26	14	conflicting	conflict	VERB
spir-12258	26	15	information	information	NOUN
spir-12258	26	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	26	17	it	it	PRON
spir-12258	26	18	may	may	AUX
spir-12258	26	19	not	not	PART
spir-12258	26	20	be	be	AUX
spir-12258	26	21	possible	possible	ADJ
spir-12258	26	22	for	for	SCONJ
spir-12258	26	23	individuals	individual	NOUN
spir-12258	26	24	to	to	PART
spir-12258	26	25	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
spir-12258	26	26	news	news	NOUN
spir-12258	26	27	or	or	CCONJ
spir-12258	26	28	rely	rely	VERB
spir-12258	26	29	on	on	ADP
spir-12258	26	30	factchecks	factcheck	NOUN
spir-12258	26	31	based	base	VERB
spir-12258	26	32	on	on	ADP
spir-12258	26	33	the	the	DET
spir-12258	26	34	trust	trust	NOUN
spir-12258	26	35	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	26	36	authority	authority	NOUN
spir-12258	26	37	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	26	38	the	the	DET
spir-12258	26	39	original	original	ADJ
spir-12258	26	40	producer	producer	NOUN
spir-12258	26	41	if	if	SCONJ
spir-12258	26	42	they	they	PRON
spir-12258	26	43	sit	sit	VERB
spir-12258	26	44	in	in	ADP
spir-12258	26	45	opposition	opposition	NOUN
spir-12258	26	46	to	to	ADP
spir-12258	26	47	their	their	PRON
spir-12258	26	48	own	own	ADJ
spir-12258	26	49	modes	mode	NOUN
spir-12258	26	50	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	26	51	justification	justification	NOUN
spir-12258	26	52	(	(	PUNCT
spir-12258	26	53	ekström	ekström	NOUN
spir-12258	26	54	&	&	CCONJ
spir-12258	26	55	westlund	westlund	PROPN
spir-12258	26	56	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	26	57	2019	2019	NUM
spir-12258	26	58	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	26	59	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	27	1	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
spir-12258	27	2	we	we	PRON
spir-12258	27	3	reviewed	review	VERB
spir-12258	27	4	the	the	DET
spir-12258	27	5	literature	literature	NOUN
spir-12258	27	6	in	in	ADP
spir-12258	27	7	the	the	DET
spir-12258	27	8	area	area	NOUN
spir-12258	27	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	27	10	argued	argue	VERB
spir-12258	27	11	that	that	SCONJ
spir-12258	27	12	the	the	DET
spir-12258	27	13	central	central	ADJ
spir-12258	27	14	problem	problem	NOUN
spir-12258	27	15	with	with	ADP
spir-12258	27	16	factchecking	factchecking	NOUN
spir-12258	27	17	is	be	AUX
spir-12258	27	18	the	the	DET
spir-12258	27	19	premise	premise	NOUN
spir-12258	27	20	that	that	SCONJ
spir-12258	27	21	false	false	ADJ
spir-12258	27	22	information	information	NOUN
spir-12258	27	23	can	can	AUX
spir-12258	27	24	be	be	AUX
spir-12258	27	25	offset	offset	VERB
spir-12258	27	26	with	with	ADP
spir-12258	27	27	more	more	ADJ
spir-12258	27	28	information	information	NOUN
spir-12258	27	29	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	27	30	that	that	SCONJ
spir-12258	27	31	facts	fact	NOUN
spir-12258	27	32	are	be	AUX
spir-12258	27	33	events	event	NOUN
spir-12258	27	34	universally	universally	ADV
spir-12258	27	35	agreed	agree	VERB
spir-12258	27	36	upon	upon	SCONJ
spir-12258	27	37	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	28	1	we	we	PRON
spir-12258	28	2	posit	posit	VERB
spir-12258	28	3	that	that	SCONJ
spir-12258	28	4	the	the	DET
spir-12258	28	5	growing	grow	VERB
spir-12258	28	6	fact	fact	NOUN
spir-12258	28	7	-	-	PUNCT
spir-12258	28	8	checking	check	VERB
spir-12258	28	9	industry	industry	NOUN
spir-12258	28	10	is	be	AUX
spir-12258	28	11	detached	detach	VERB
spir-12258	28	12	from	from	ADP
spir-12258	28	13	the	the	DET
spir-12258	28	14	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN
spir-12258	28	15	landscape	landscape	NOUN
spir-12258	28	16	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	28	17	outline	outline	VERB
spir-12258	28	18	eight	eight	NUM
spir-12258	28	19	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ
spir-12258	28	20	problems	problem	NOUN
spir-12258	28	21	with	with	ADP
spir-12258	28	22	fact	fact	NOUN
spir-12258	28	23	-	-	PUNCT
spir-12258	28	24	checking	check	VERB
spir-12258	28	25	revolving	revolve	VERB
spir-12258	28	26	around	around	ADP
spir-12258	28	27	epistemology	epistemology	NOUN
spir-12258	28	28	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	28	29	implementation	implementation	NOUN
spir-12258	28	30	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	28	31	bias	bias	NOUN
spir-12258	28	32	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	28	33	efficacy	efficacy	NOUN
spir-12258	28	34	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	28	35	ambiguity	ambiguity	NOUN
spir-12258	28	36	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	28	37	objectivity	objectivity	NOUN
spir-12258	28	38	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	28	39	ephemerality	ephemerality	NOUN
spir-12258	28	40	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	28	41	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	28	42	criticism	criticism	NOUN
spir-12258	28	43	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	29	1	we	we	PRON
spir-12258	29	2	discuss	discuss	VERB
spir-12258	29	3	these	these	DET
spir-12258	29	4	shortcomings	shortcoming	NOUN
spir-12258	29	5	in	in	ADP
spir-12258	29	6	relation	relation	NOUN
spir-12258	29	7	to	to	ADP
spir-12258	29	8	the	the	DET
spir-12258	29	9	establishment	establishment	NOUN
spir-12258	29	10	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	29	11	fact	fact	NOUN
spir-12258	29	12	-	-	PUNCT
spir-12258	29	13	checking	check	VERB
spir-12258	29	14	agencies	agency	NOUN
spir-12258	29	15	across	across	ADP
spir-12258	29	16	the	the	DET
spir-12258	29	17	world	world	NOUN
spir-12258	29	18	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	29	19	their	their	PRON
spir-12258	29	20	role	role	NOUN
spir-12258	29	21	in	in	ADP
spir-12258	29	22	national	national	ADJ
spir-12258	29	23	elections	election	NOUN
spir-12258	29	24	in	in	ADP
spir-12258	29	25	the	the	DET
spir-12258	29	26	united	united	PROPN
spir-12258	29	27	kingdom	kingdom	PROPN
spir-12258	29	28	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	29	29	united	united	PROPN
spir-12258	29	30	states	states	PROPN
spir-12258	29	31	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	29	32	malaysia	malaysia	PROPN
spir-12258	29	33	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	29	34	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	29	35	brazil	brazil	PROPN
spir-12258	29	36	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	30	1	the	the	DET
spir-12258	30	2	article	article	NOUN
spir-12258	30	3	concludes	conclude	VERB
spir-12258	30	4	with	with	ADP
spir-12258	30	5	a	a	DET
spir-12258	30	6	discussion	discussion	NOUN
spir-12258	30	7	on	on	ADP
spir-12258	30	8	the	the	DET
spir-12258	30	9	extent	extent	NOUN
spir-12258	30	10	to	to	PART
spir-12258	30	11	which	which	PRON
spir-12258	30	12	fact	fact	NOUN
spir-12258	30	13	-	-	PUNCT
spir-12258	30	14	checking	checking	NOUN
spir-12258	30	15	may	may	AUX
spir-12258	30	16	be	be	AUX
spir-12258	30	17	effective	effective	ADJ
spir-12258	30	18	against	against	ADP
spir-12258	30	19	false	false	ADJ
spir-12258	30	20	information	information	NOUN
spir-12258	30	21	in	in	ADP
spir-12258	30	22	a	a	DET
spir-12258	30	23	context	context	NOUN
spir-12258	30	24	where	where	SCONJ
spir-12258	30	25	consensus	consensus	NOUN
spir-12258	30	26	reality	reality	NOUN
spir-12258	30	27	has	have	AUX
spir-12258	30	28	been	be	AUX
spir-12258	30	29	super	super	ADJ
spir-12258	30	30	-	-	VERB
spir-12258	30	31	imposed	impose	VERB
spir-12258	30	32	by	by	ADP
spir-12258	30	33	individual	individual	ADJ
spir-12258	30	34	reality	reality	NOUN
spir-12258	30	35	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	31	1	references	reference	NOUN
spir-12258	31	2	amazeen	amazeen	VERB
spir-12258	31	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	31	4	m.	m.	NOUN
spir-12258	31	5	a.	a.	NOUN
spir-12258	31	6	(	(	PUNCT
spir-12258	31	7	2020	2020	NUM
spir-12258	31	8	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	31	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	32	1	journalistic	journalistic	ADJ
spir-12258	32	2	interventions	intervention	NOUN
spir-12258	32	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-12258	32	4	the	the	DET
spir-12258	32	5	structural	structural	ADJ
spir-12258	32	6	factors	factor	NOUN
spir-12258	32	7	affecting	affect	VERB
spir-12258	32	8	the	the	DET
spir-12258	32	9	global	global	ADJ
spir-12258	32	10	emergence	emergence	NOUN
spir-12258	32	11	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	32	12	fact	fact	NOUN
spir-12258	32	13	-	-	PUNCT
spir-12258	32	14	checking	checking	NOUN
spir-12258	32	15	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	33	1	journalism	journalism	NOUN
spir-12258	33	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	33	3	21(1	21(1	NUM
spir-12258	33	4	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	33	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	33	6	95	95	NUM
spir-12258	33	7	-	-	SYM
spir-12258	33	8	111	111	NUM
spir-12258	33	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	34	1	benkler	benkler	NOUN
spir-12258	34	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	34	3	y.	y.	PROPN
spir-12258	34	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	34	5	faris	faris	PROPN
spir-12258	34	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	34	7	r.	r.	PROPN
spir-12258	34	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	34	9	&	&	CCONJ
spir-12258	34	10	roberts	roberts	PROPN
spir-12258	34	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	34	12	h.	h.	PROPN
spir-12258	34	13	(	(	PUNCT
spir-12258	34	14	2018	2018	NUM
spir-12258	34	15	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	34	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	35	1	network	network	NOUN
spir-12258	35	2	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
spir-12258	35	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-12258	35	4	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
spir-12258	35	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	35	6	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-12258	35	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	35	8	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	35	9	radicalization	radicalization	NOUN
spir-12258	35	10	in	in	ADP
spir-12258	35	11	american	american	ADJ
spir-12258	35	12	politics	politic	NOUN
spir-12258	35	13	:	:	PUNCT
spir-12258	35	14	oxford	oxford	PROPN
spir-12258	35	15	university	university	PROPN
spir-12258	35	16	press	press	NOUN
spir-12258	35	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	36	1	bennett	bennett	PROPN
spir-12258	36	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	36	3	w.	w.	PROPN
spir-12258	36	4	l.	l.	PROPN
spir-12258	36	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	36	6	&	&	CCONJ
spir-12258	36	7	pfetsch	pfetsch	PROPN
spir-12258	36	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	36	9	b.	b.	PROPN
spir-12258	36	10	(	(	PUNCT
spir-12258	36	11	2018	2018	NUM
spir-12258	36	12	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	36	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	37	1	rethinking	rethink	VERB
spir-12258	37	2	political	political	ADJ
spir-12258	37	3	communication	communication	NOUN
spir-12258	37	4	in	in	ADP
spir-12258	37	5	a	a	DET
spir-12258	37	6	time	time	NOUN
spir-12258	37	7	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	37	8	disrupted	disrupt	VERB
spir-12258	37	9	public	public	ADJ
spir-12258	37	10	spheres	sphere	NOUN
spir-12258	37	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	38	1	journal	journal	PROPN
spir-12258	38	2	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	38	3	communication	communication	NOUN
spir-12258	38	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	38	5	68(2	68(2	NOUN
spir-12258	38	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	38	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	38	8	243	243	NUM
spir-12258	38	9	-	-	SYM
spir-12258	38	10	253	253	NUM
spir-12258	38	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	39	1	doi:10.1093	doi:10.1093	PROPN
spir-12258	39	2	/	/	SYM
spir-12258	39	3	joc	joc	PROPN
spir-12258	39	4	/	/	SYM
spir-12258	39	5	jqx017	jqx017	PROPN
spir-12258	39	6	ekström	ekström	ADJ
spir-12258	39	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	39	8	m.	m.	NOUN
spir-12258	39	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	39	10	&	&	CCONJ
spir-12258	39	11	westlund	westlund	VERB
spir-12258	39	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	39	13	o.	o.	PROPN
spir-12258	39	14	(	(	PUNCT
spir-12258	39	15	2019	2019	NUM
spir-12258	39	16	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	39	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	40	1	the	the	DET
spir-12258	40	2	dislocation	dislocation	NOUN
spir-12258	40	3	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	40	4	news	news	NOUN
spir-12258	40	5	journalism	journalism	NOUN
spir-12258	40	6	:	:	PUNCT
spir-12258	40	7	a	a	DET
spir-12258	40	8	conceptual	conceptual	ADJ
spir-12258	40	9	framework	framework	NOUN
spir-12258	40	10	for	for	ADP
spir-12258	40	11	the	the	DET
spir-12258	40	12	study	study	NOUN
spir-12258	40	13	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	40	14	epistemologies	epistemology	NOUN
spir-12258	40	15	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	40	16	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-12258	40	17	journalism	journalism	NOUN
spir-12258	40	18	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	41	1	media	medium	NOUN
spir-12258	41	2	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	41	3	communication	communication	NOUN
spir-12258	41	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	41	5	7(1	7(1	NUM
spir-12258	41	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	41	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	41	8	259	259	NUM
spir-12258	41	9	-	-	SYM
spir-12258	41	10	270	270	NUM
spir-12258	41	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	42	1	doi:10.17645	doi:10.17645	PROPN
spir-12258	42	2	/	/	SYM
spir-12258	42	3	mac.v7i1.1763	mac.v7i1.1763	PROPN
spir-12258	42	4	community	community	NOUN
spir-12258	42	5	standards	standard	NOUN
spir-12258	42	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	42	7	(	(	PUNCT
spir-12258	42	8	2018a	2018a	NUM
spir-12258	42	9	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	42	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	43	1	understanding	understand	VERB
spir-12258	43	2	the	the	DET
spir-12258	43	3	facebook	facebook	NOUN
spir-12258	43	4	:	:	PUNCT
spir-12258	43	5	community	community	NOUN
spir-12258	43	6	standards	standard	NOUN
spir-12258	43	7	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
spir-12258	43	8	report	report	NOUN
spir-12258	43	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	43	10	(	(	PUNCT
spir-12258	43	11	2018b	2018b	NUM
spir-12258	43	12	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	43	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	44	1	graves	grave	NOUN
spir-12258	44	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	44	3	l.	l.	PROPN
spir-12258	44	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-12258	44	5	2016	2016	NUM
spir-12258	44	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	44	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	45	1	deciding	decide	VERB
spir-12258	45	2	what	what	PRON
spir-12258	45	3	’s	’	VERB
spir-12258	45	4	true	true	ADJ
spir-12258	45	5	:	:	PUNCT
spir-12258	45	6	the	the	DET
spir-12258	45	7	rise	rise	NOUN
spir-12258	45	8	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	45	9	political	political	ADJ
spir-12258	45	10	fact	fact	NOUN
spir-12258	45	11	-	-	PUNCT
spir-12258	45	12	checking	checking	NOUN
spir-12258	45	13	in	in	ADP
spir-12258	45	14	american	american	ADJ
spir-12258	45	15	journalism	journalism	NOUN
spir-12258	45	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	46	1	new	new	PROPN
spir-12258	46	2	york	york	PROPN
spir-12258	46	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-12258	46	4	columbia	columbia	PROPN
spir-12258	46	5	university	university	PROPN
spir-12258	46	6	press	press	NOUN
spir-12258	46	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	47	1	graves	grave	NOUN
spir-12258	47	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	47	3	l.	l.	PROPN
spir-12258	47	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	47	5	&	&	CCONJ
spir-12258	47	6	mantzarlis	mantzarlis	PROPN
spir-12258	47	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	47	8	a.	a.	NOUN
spir-12258	47	9	(	(	PUNCT
spir-12258	47	10	2020	2020	NUM
spir-12258	47	11	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	47	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	48	1	amid	amid	ADP
spir-12258	48	2	political	political	ADJ
spir-12258	48	3	spin	spin	NOUN
spir-12258	48	4	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	48	5	online	online	ADJ
spir-12258	48	6	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN
spir-12258	48	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	48	8	fact	fact	NOUN
spir-12258	48	9	checking	checking	NOUN
spir-12258	48	10	adapts	adapt	VERB
spir-12258	48	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	49	1	the	the	DET
spir-12258	49	2	political	political	ADJ
spir-12258	49	3	quarterly	quarterly	NOUN
spir-12258	49	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	49	5	91	91	NUM
spir-12258	49	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	49	7	585	585	NUM
spir-12258	49	8	-	-	SYM
spir-12258	49	9	591	591	NUM
spir-12258	49	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	50	1	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-12258	50	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-12258	50	3	https://doi.org/10.1111/1467	https://doi.org/10.1111/1467	ADJ
spir-12258	50	4	-	-	PUNCT
spir-12258	50	5	923x.12896	923x.12896	NUM
spir-12258	50	6	jiang	jiang	PROPN
spir-12258	50	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	50	8	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-12258	50	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	50	10	&	&	CCONJ
spir-12258	50	11	wilson	wilson	PROPN
spir-12258	50	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	50	13	c.	c.	PROPN
spir-12258	50	14	(	(	PUNCT
spir-12258	50	15	2018	2018	NUM
spir-12258	50	16	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	50	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	51	1	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
spir-12258	51	2	signals	signal	NOUN
spir-12258	51	3	under	under	ADP
spir-12258	51	4	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN
spir-12258	51	5	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	51	6	factchecking	factchecking	NOUN
spir-12258	51	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	52	1	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
spir-12258	52	2	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	52	3	the	the	DET
spir-12258	52	4	acm	acm	NOUN
spir-12258	52	5	on	on	ADP
spir-12258	52	6	human	human	ADJ
spir-12258	52	7	-	-	PUNCT
spir-12258	52	8	computer	computer	NOUN
spir-12258	52	9	interaction	interaction	NOUN
spir-12258	52	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	52	11	2(cscw	2(cscw	NOUN
spir-12258	52	12	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	52	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	52	14	1	1	NUM
spir-12258	52	15	-	-	SYM
spir-12258	52	16	23	23	NUM
spir-12258	52	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	53	1	doi:10.1145/3274351	doi:10.1145/3274351	PROPN
spir-12258	53	2	lewandowsky	lewandowsky	PROPN
spir-12258	53	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	53	4	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-12258	53	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	53	6	ecker	ecker	PROPN
spir-12258	53	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	53	8	u.	u.	PROPN
spir-12258	53	9	k.	k.	PROPN
spir-12258	53	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	53	11	&	&	CCONJ
spir-12258	53	12	cook	cook	PROPN
spir-12258	53	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	53	14	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-12258	53	15	(	(	PUNCT
spir-12258	53	16	2017	2017	NUM
spir-12258	53	17	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	53	18	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	54	1	beyond	beyond	ADP
spir-12258	54	2	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN
spir-12258	54	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-12258	54	4	understanding	understanding	NOUN
spir-12258	54	5	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	54	6	coping	cope	VERB
spir-12258	54	7	with	with	ADP
spir-12258	54	8	the	the	DET
spir-12258	54	9	“	"	PUNCT
spir-12258	54	10	post	post	ADJ
spir-12258	54	11	-	-	ADJ
spir-12258	54	12	truth	truth	ADJ
spir-12258	54	13	”	"	PUNCT
spir-12258	54	14	era	era	NOUN
spir-12258	54	15	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	55	1	journal	journal	NOUN
spir-12258	55	2	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	55	3	applied	apply	VERB
spir-12258	55	4	research	research	NOUN
spir-12258	55	5	in	in	ADP
spir-12258	55	6	memory	memory	NOUN
spir-12258	55	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	55	8	cognition	cognition	NOUN
spir-12258	55	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	55	10	6(4	6(4	NUM
spir-12258	55	11	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	55	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	55	13	353	353	NUM
spir-12258	55	14	-	-	SYM
spir-12258	55	15	369	369	NUM
spir-12258	55	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	56	1	lewandowsky	lewandowsky	PROPN
spir-12258	56	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	56	3	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-12258	56	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	56	5	ecker	ecker	PROPN
spir-12258	56	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	56	7	u.	u.	PROPN
spir-12258	56	8	k.	k.	PROPN
spir-12258	56	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	56	10	seifert	seifert	PROPN
spir-12258	56	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	56	12	c.	c.	PROPN
spir-12258	56	13	m.	m.	NOUN
spir-12258	56	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	56	15	schwarz	schwarz	NOUN
spir-12258	56	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	56	17	n.	n.	NOUN
spir-12258	56	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	56	19	&	&	CCONJ
spir-12258	56	20	cook	cook	PROPN
spir-12258	56	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	56	22	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-12258	56	23	(	(	PUNCT
spir-12258	56	24	2012	2012	NUM
spir-12258	56	25	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	56	26	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	57	1	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN
spir-12258	57	2	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	57	3	its	its	PRON
spir-12258	57	4	correction	correction	NOUN
spir-12258	57	5	:	:	PUNCT
spir-12258	57	6	continued	continue	VERB
spir-12258	57	7	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-12258	57	8	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	57	9	successful	successful	ADJ
spir-12258	57	10	debiasing	debiasing	NOUN
spir-12258	57	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	58	1	psychological	psychological	ADJ
spir-12258	58	2	science	science	NOUN
spir-12258	58	3	in	in	ADP
spir-12258	58	4	the	the	DET
spir-12258	58	5	public	public	ADJ
spir-12258	58	6	interest	interest	NOUN
spir-12258	58	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	58	8	13(3	13(3	NUM
spir-12258	58	9	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	58	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	58	11	106	106	NUM
spir-12258	58	12	-	-	SYM
spir-12258	58	13	131	131	NUM
spir-12258	58	14	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	59	1	lyons	lyons	PROPN
spir-12258	59	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	59	3	b.	b.	PROPN
spir-12258	59	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	59	5	mérola	mérola	PROPN
spir-12258	59	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	59	7	v.	v.	PROPN
spir-12258	59	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	59	9	reifler	reifler	PROPN
spir-12258	59	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	59	11	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-12258	59	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	59	13	&	&	CCONJ
spir-12258	59	14	stoeckel	stoeckel	PROPN
spir-12258	59	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	59	16	f.	f.	PROPN
spir-12258	59	17	(	(	PUNCT
spir-12258	59	18	2020	2020	NUM
spir-12258	59	19	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	59	20	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	60	1	how	how	SCONJ
spir-12258	60	2	politics	politic	NOUN
spir-12258	60	3	shape	shape	VERB
spir-12258	60	4	views	view	NOUN
spir-12258	60	5	toward	toward	ADP
spir-12258	60	6	fact	fact	NOUN
spir-12258	60	7	-	-	PUNCT
spir-12258	60	8	checking	checking	NOUN
spir-12258	60	9	:	:	PUNCT
spir-12258	60	10	evidence	evidence	NOUN
spir-12258	60	11	from	from	ADP
spir-12258	60	12	six	six	NUM
spir-12258	60	13	european	european	ADJ
spir-12258	60	14	countries	country	NOUN
spir-12258	60	15	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	61	1	the	the	DET
spir-12258	61	2	international	international	ADJ
spir-12258	61	3	journal	journal	NOUN
spir-12258	61	4	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	61	5	press	press	NOUN
spir-12258	61	6	/	/	SYM
spir-12258	61	7	politics	politic	NOUN
spir-12258	61	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	61	9	25(3	25(3	NUM
spir-12258	61	10	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	61	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	61	12	469	469	NUM
spir-12258	61	13	-	-	NUM
spir-12258	61	14	492	492	NUM
spir-12258	61	15	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	62	1	doi:10.1177/1940161220921732	doi:10.1177/1940161220921732	NOUN
spir-12258	62	2	marietta	marietta	PROPN
spir-12258	62	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	62	4	m.	m.	NOUN
spir-12258	62	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	62	6	&	&	CCONJ
spir-12258	62	7	barker	barker	PROPN
spir-12258	62	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	62	9	d.	d.	PROPN
spir-12258	62	10	c.	c.	PROPN
spir-12258	62	11	(	(	PUNCT
spir-12258	62	12	2019	2019	NUM
spir-12258	62	13	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	62	14	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	63	1	one	one	NUM
spir-12258	63	2	nation	nation	NOUN
spir-12258	63	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	63	4	two	two	NUM
spir-12258	63	5	realities	reality	NOUN
spir-12258	63	6	:	:	PUNCT
spir-12258	63	7	dueling	duel	VERB
spir-12258	63	8	facts	fact	NOUN
spir-12258	63	9	in	in	ADP
spir-12258	63	10	american	american	ADJ
spir-12258	63	11	democracy	democracy	NOUN
spir-12258	63	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	64	1	oxford	oxford	NOUN
spir-12258	64	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-12258	64	3	oxford	oxford	PROPN
spir-12258	64	4	university	university	PROPN
spir-12258	64	5	press	press	NOUN
spir-12258	64	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	65	1	shin	shin	PROPN
spir-12258	65	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	65	3	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-12258	65	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	65	5	&	&	CCONJ
spir-12258	65	6	thorson	thorson	PROPN
spir-12258	65	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	65	8	k.	k.	PROPN
spir-12258	65	9	(	(	PUNCT
spir-12258	65	10	2017	2017	NUM
spir-12258	65	11	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	65	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	66	1	partisan	partisan	ADJ
spir-12258	66	2	selective	selective	ADJ
spir-12258	66	3	sharing	sharing	NOUN
spir-12258	66	4	:	:	PUNCT
spir-12258	66	5	the	the	DET
spir-12258	66	6	biased	biased	ADJ
spir-12258	66	7	diffusion	diffusion	NOUN
spir-12258	66	8	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	66	9	factchecking	factchecke	VERB
spir-12258	66	10	messages	message	NOUN
spir-12258	66	11	on	on	ADP
spir-12258	66	12	social	social	ADJ
spir-12258	66	13	media	medium	NOUN
spir-12258	66	14	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	67	1	journal	journal	NOUN
spir-12258	67	2	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	67	3	communication	communication	NOUN
spir-12258	67	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	68	1	doi:10.1111	doi:10.1111	ADJ
spir-12258	68	2	/	/	SYM
spir-12258	68	3	jcom.12284	jcom.12284	PROPN
spir-12258	68	4	stencel	stencel	PROPN
spir-12258	68	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	68	6	m.	m.	NOUN
spir-12258	68	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	68	8	&	&	CCONJ
spir-12258	68	9	luther	luther	PROPN
spir-12258	68	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	68	11	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-12258	68	12	(	(	PUNCT
spir-12258	68	13	2020	2020	NUM
spir-12258	68	14	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	68	15	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	69	1	fact	fact	NOUN
spir-12258	69	2	-	-	PUNCT
spir-12258	69	3	checking	check	VERB
spir-12258	69	4	count	count	NOUN
spir-12258	69	5	tops	top	VERB
spir-12258	69	6	300	300	NUM
spir-12258	69	7	for	for	ADP
spir-12258	69	8	the	the	DET
spir-12258	69	9	first	first	ADJ
spir-12258	69	10	time	time	NOUN
spir-12258	69	11	[	[	X
spir-12258	69	12	the	the	DET
spir-12258	69	13	reporters	reporter	NOUN
spir-12258	69	14	'	'	PART
spir-12258	69	15	lab	lab	NOUN
spir-12258	69	16	finds	find	VERB
spir-12258	69	17	fact	fact	NOUN
spir-12258	69	18	-	-	PUNCT
spir-12258	69	19	checkers	checker	NOUN
spir-12258	69	20	at	at	ADP
spir-12258	69	21	work	work	NOUN
spir-12258	69	22	in	in	ADP
spir-12258	69	23	84	84	NUM
spir-12258	69	24	countries	country	NOUN
spir-12258	69	25	-but	-but	PUNCT
spir-12258	69	26	growth	growth	NOUN
spir-12258	69	27	in	in	ADP
spir-12258	69	28	the	the	DET
spir-12258	69	29	u.s	u.s	PROPN
spir-12258	69	30	.	.	PROPN
spir-12258	69	31	has	have	AUX
spir-12258	69	32	slowed	slow	VERB
spir-12258	69	33	]	]	PUNCT
spir-12258	69	34	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	70	1	political	political	ADJ
spir-12258	70	2	content	content	NOUN
spir-12258	70	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	70	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-12258	70	5	2019	2019	NUM
spir-12258	70	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	70	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	71	1	waisbord	waisbord	PROPN
spir-12258	71	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	71	3	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-12258	71	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-12258	71	5	2018	2018	NUM
spir-12258	71	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	71	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	72	1	truth	truth	NOUN
spir-12258	72	2	is	be	AUX
spir-12258	72	3	what	what	PRON
spir-12258	72	4	happens	happen	VERB
spir-12258	72	5	to	to	ADP
spir-12258	72	6	news	news	NOUN
spir-12258	72	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	73	1	journalism	journalism	NOUN
spir-12258	73	2	studies	study	NOUN
spir-12258	73	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	73	4	19(13	19(13	NUM
spir-12258	73	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	73	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	73	7	1866	1866	NUM
spir-12258	73	8	-	-	SYM
spir-12258	73	9	1878	1878	NUM
spir-12258	73	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	74	1	doi:10.1080/1461670x.2018.1492881	doi:10.1080/1461670x.2018.1492881	NOUN
spir-12258	74	2	wardle	wardle	NOUN
spir-12258	74	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	74	4	c.	c.	PROPN
spir-12258	74	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	74	6	&	&	CCONJ
spir-12258	74	7	derakhshan	derakhshan	PROPN
spir-12258	74	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	74	9	h.	h.	PROPN
spir-12258	74	10	(	(	PUNCT
spir-12258	74	11	2017	2017	NUM
spir-12258	74	12	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	74	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	75	1	information	information	NOUN
spir-12258	75	2	disorder	disorder	NOUN
spir-12258	75	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-12258	75	4	toward	toward	ADP
spir-12258	75	5	an	an	DET
spir-12258	75	6	interdisciplinary	interdisciplinary	ADJ
spir-12258	75	7	framework	framework	NOUN
spir-12258	75	8	for	for	ADP
spir-12258	75	9	research	research	NOUN
spir-12258	75	10	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	75	11	policy	policy	NOUN
spir-12258	75	12	making	making	NOUN
spir-12258	75	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	76	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
spir-12258	76	2	from	from	ADP
spir-12258	76	3	https://shorensteincenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/information-disordertoward-an-interdisciplinary-framework.pdf?x78124	https://shorensteincenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/information-disordertoward-an-interdisciplinary-framework.pdf?x78124	PROPN
spir-12258	76	4	zuckerman	zuckerman	PROPN
spir-12258	76	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	76	6	e.	e.	PROPN
spir-12258	76	7	(	(	PUNCT
spir-12258	76	8	2017	2017	NUM
spir-12258	76	9	)	)	PUNCT
spir-12258	76	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-12258	77	1	mistrust	mistrust	NOUN
spir-12258	77	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-12258	77	3	efficacy	efficacy	NOUN
spir-12258	77	4	and	and	CCONJ
spir-12258	77	5	the	the	DET
spir-12258	77	6	new	new	ADJ
spir-12258	77	7	civics	civic	NOUN
spir-12258	77	8	:	:	PUNCT
spir-12258	77	9	understanding	understand	VERB
spir-12258	77	10	the	the	DET
spir-12258	77	11	deep	deep	ADJ
spir-12258	77	12	roots	root	NOUN
spir-12258	77	13	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	77	14	the	the	DET
spir-12258	77	15	crisis	crisis	NOUN
spir-12258	77	16	of	of	ADP
spir-12258	77	17	faith	faith	NOUN
spir-12258	77	18	in	in	ADP
spir-12258	77	19	journalism	journalism	NOUN
spir-12258	77	20	.	.	PUNCT