id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
spir-13448	1	1	aoir2023	aoir2023	PROPN
spir-13448	1	2	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13448	1	3	submission	submission	NOUN
spir-13448	1	4	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13448	1	5	hui	hui	PROPN
spir-13448	1	6	lin	lin	PROPN
spir-13448	1	7	selected	select	VERB
spir-13448	1	8	papers	paper	NOUN
spir-13448	1	9	of	of	ADP
spir-13448	1	10	#	#	SYM
spir-13448	1	11	aoir2023	aoir2023	PROPN
spir-13448	1	12	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13448	1	13	the	the	DET
spir-13448	1	14	24th	24th	ADJ
spir-13448	1	15	annual	annual	ADJ
spir-13448	1	16	conference	conference	NOUN
spir-13448	1	17	of	of	ADP
spir-13448	1	18	the	the	DET
spir-13448	1	19	association	association	NOUN
spir-13448	1	20	of	of	ADP
spir-13448	1	21	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-13448	1	22	researchers	researcher	NOUN
spir-13448	1	23	philadelphia	philadelphia	PROPN
spir-13448	1	24	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	1	25	pa	pa	PROPN
spir-13448	1	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	1	27	usa	usa	PROPN
spir-13448	1	28	/	/	SYM
spir-13448	1	29	18	18	NUM
spir-13448	1	30	-	-	SYM
spir-13448	1	31	21	21	NUM
spir-13448	1	32	oct	oct	PROPN
spir-13448	1	33	2023	2023	NUM
spir-13448	1	34	suggested	suggest	VERB
spir-13448	1	35	citation	citation	NOUN
spir-13448	1	36	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13448	1	37	apa	apa	PROPN
spir-13448	1	38	):	):	PUNCT
spir-13448	1	39	lastname	lastname	PROPN
spir-13448	1	40	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	1	41	firstinitial	firstinitial	NOUN
spir-13448	1	42	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	2	1	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13448	2	2	2023	2023	NUM
spir-13448	2	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	2	4	october	october	PROPN
spir-13448	2	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13448	2	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	3	1	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-13448	3	2	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13448	3	3	or	or	CCONJ
spir-13448	3	4	panel	panel	NOUN
spir-13448	3	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13448	3	6	title	title	NOUN
spir-13448	3	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	4	1	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-13448	4	2	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13448	4	3	or	or	CCONJ
spir-13448	4	4	panel	panel	NOUN
spir-13448	4	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13448	4	6	presented	present	VERB
spir-13448	4	7	at	at	ADP
spir-13448	4	8	aoir2023	aoir2023	PROPN
spir-13448	4	9	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13448	4	10	the	the	DET
spir-13448	4	11	24th	24th	ADJ
spir-13448	4	12	annual	annual	ADJ
spir-13448	4	13	conference	conference	NOUN
spir-13448	4	14	of	of	ADP
spir-13448	4	15	the	the	DET
spir-13448	4	16	association	association	NOUN
spir-13448	4	17	of	of	ADP
spir-13448	4	18	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-13448	4	19	researchers	researcher	NOUN
spir-13448	4	20	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	5	1	philadelphia	philadelphia	PROPN
spir-13448	5	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	5	3	pa	pa	PROPN
spir-13448	5	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	5	5	usa	usa	PROPN
spir-13448	5	6	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13448	5	7	aoir	aoir	NOUN
spir-13448	5	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	5	9	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
spir-13448	5	10	from	from	ADP
spir-13448	5	11	http://spir.aoir.org	http://spir.aoir.org	PROPN
spir-13448	5	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	6	1	civic	civic	ADJ
spir-13448	6	2	participation	participation	NOUN
spir-13448	6	3	in	in	ADP
spir-13448	6	4	china	china	PROPN
spir-13448	6	5	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13448	6	6	a	a	DET
spir-13448	6	7	comparative	comparative	ADJ
spir-13448	6	8	study	study	NOUN
spir-13448	6	9	between	between	ADP
spir-13448	6	10	wechat	wechat	PROPN
spir-13448	6	11	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13448	6	12	douyin	douyin	PROPN
spir-13448	6	13	as	as	ADP
spir-13448	6	14	a	a	DET
spir-13448	6	15	democratic	democratic	ADJ
spir-13448	6	16	arena	arena	NOUN
spir-13448	6	17	hui	hui	PROPN
spir-13448	6	18	lin	lin	PROPN
spir-13448	6	19	king	king	PROPN
spir-13448	6	20	’s	’s	PART
spir-13448	6	21	college	college	PROPN
spir-13448	6	22	london	london	PROPN
spir-13448	6	23	online	online	ADJ
spir-13448	6	24	media	medium	NOUN
spir-13448	6	25	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-13448	6	26	have	have	AUX
spir-13448	6	27	become	become	VERB
spir-13448	6	28	an	an	DET
spir-13448	6	29	arena	arena	NOUN
spir-13448	6	30	for	for	SCONJ
spir-13448	6	31	activists	activist	NOUN
spir-13448	6	32	to	to	PART
spir-13448	6	33	engage	engage	VERB
spir-13448	6	34	with	with	ADP
spir-13448	6	35	political	political	ADJ
spir-13448	6	36	discourses	discourse	NOUN
spir-13448	6	37	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	7	1	since	since	SCONJ
spir-13448	7	2	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
spir-13448	7	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	7	4	an	an	DET
spir-13448	7	5	increasing	increase	VERB
spir-13448	7	6	number	number	NOUN
spir-13448	7	7	of	of	ADP
spir-13448	7	8	citizens	citizen	NOUN
spir-13448	7	9	have	have	AUX
spir-13448	7	10	begun	begin	VERB
spir-13448	7	11	to	to	PART
spir-13448	7	12	actively	actively	ADV
spir-13448	7	13	participate	participate	VERB
spir-13448	7	14	online	online	ADV
spir-13448	7	15	to	to	PART
spir-13448	7	16	express	express	VERB
spir-13448	7	17	their	their	PRON
spir-13448	7	18	ideas	idea	NOUN
spir-13448	7	19	towards	towards	ADP
spir-13448	7	20	political	political	ADJ
spir-13448	7	21	issues	issue	NOUN
spir-13448	7	22	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	8	1	various	various	ADJ
spir-13448	8	2	types	type	NOUN
spir-13448	8	3	of	of	ADP
spir-13448	8	4	usergenerated	usergenerated	ADJ
spir-13448	8	5	content	content	NOUN
spir-13448	8	6	were	be	AUX
spir-13448	8	7	circulated	circulate	VERB
spir-13448	8	8	on	on	ADP
spir-13448	8	9	various	various	ADJ
spir-13448	8	10	social	social	ADJ
spir-13448	8	11	media	medium	NOUN
spir-13448	8	12	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-13448	8	13	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13448	8	14	they	they	PRON
spir-13448	8	15	wrote	write	VERB
spir-13448	8	16	textual	textual	ADJ
spir-13448	8	17	content	content	NOUN
spir-13448	8	18	on	on	ADP
spir-13448	8	19	wechat	wechat	NOUN
spir-13448	8	20	with	with	ADP
spir-13448	8	21	various	various	ADJ
spir-13448	8	22	metaphors	metaphor	NOUN
spir-13448	8	23	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13448	8	24	created	create	VERB
spir-13448	8	25	user	user	NOUN
spir-13448	8	26	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13448	8	27	generated	generate	VERB
spir-13448	8	28	videos	video	NOUN
spir-13448	8	29	on	on	ADP
spir-13448	8	30	videostreaming	videostreame	VERB
spir-13448	8	31	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-13448	8	32	to	to	PART
spir-13448	8	33	express	express	VERB
spir-13448	8	34	their	their	PRON
spir-13448	8	35	opinions	opinion	NOUN
spir-13448	8	36	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	9	1	after	after	ADP
spir-13448	9	2	an	an	DET
spir-13448	9	3	apartment	apartment	NOUN
spir-13448	9	4	fire	fire	NOUN
spir-13448	9	5	in	in	ADP
spir-13448	9	6	the	the	DET
spir-13448	9	7	city	city	NOUN
spir-13448	9	8	of	of	ADP
spir-13448	9	9	urumqi	urumqi	PROPN
spir-13448	9	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	9	11	an	an	DET
spir-13448	9	12	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
spir-13448	9	13	number	number	NOUN
spir-13448	9	14	of	of	ADP
spir-13448	9	15	citizens	citizen	NOUN
spir-13448	9	16	actively	actively	ADV
spir-13448	9	17	engage	engage	VERB
spir-13448	9	18	with	with	ADP
spir-13448	9	19	political	political	ADJ
spir-13448	9	20	issues	issue	NOUN
spir-13448	9	21	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13448	9	22	national	national	ADJ
spir-13448	9	23	events	event	NOUN
spir-13448	9	24	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	10	1	as	as	SCONJ
spir-13448	10	2	social	social	ADJ
spir-13448	10	3	media	medium	NOUN
spir-13448	10	4	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-13448	10	5	in	in	ADP
spir-13448	10	6	china	china	PROPN
spir-13448	10	7	are	be	AUX
spir-13448	10	8	highly	highly	ADV
spir-13448	10	9	censored	censor	VERB
spir-13448	10	10	by	by	ADP
spir-13448	10	11	the	the	DET
spir-13448	10	12	government	government	NOUN
spir-13448	10	13	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13448	10	14	have	have	AUX
spir-13448	10	15	followed	follow	VERB
spir-13448	10	16	the	the	DET
spir-13448	10	17	state	state	NOUN
spir-13448	10	18	’s	’s	PART
spir-13448	10	19	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-13448	10	20	regulations	regulation	NOUN
spir-13448	10	21	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13448	10	22	chen	chen	PROPN
spir-13448	10	23	et	et	PROPN
spir-13448	10	24	al	al	PROPN
spir-13448	10	25	.	.	PROPN
spir-13448	10	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	10	27	2021	2021	NUM
spir-13448	10	28	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13448	10	29	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	10	30	how	how	SCONJ
spir-13448	10	31	does	do	AUX
spir-13448	10	32	democratic	democratic	ADJ
spir-13448	10	33	civic	civic	ADJ
spir-13448	10	34	participation	participation	NOUN
spir-13448	10	35	develop	develop	VERB
spir-13448	10	36	in	in	ADP
spir-13448	10	37	the	the	DET
spir-13448	10	38	chinese	chinese	ADJ
spir-13448	10	39	media	medium	NOUN
spir-13448	10	40	landscape	landscape	NOUN
spir-13448	10	41	?	?	PUNCT
spir-13448	11	1	this	this	DET
spir-13448	11	2	question	question	NOUN
spir-13448	11	3	needs	need	VERB
spir-13448	11	4	to	to	PART
spir-13448	11	5	be	be	AUX
spir-13448	11	6	answered	answer	VERB
spir-13448	11	7	because	because	SCONJ
spir-13448	11	8	the	the	DET
spir-13448	11	9	2022	2022	NUM
spir-13448	11	10	witnessed	witness	VERB
spir-13448	11	11	the	the	DET
spir-13448	11	12	most	most	ADV
spir-13448	11	13	active	active	ADJ
spir-13448	11	14	political	political	ADJ
spir-13448	11	15	participation	participation	NOUN
spir-13448	11	16	among	among	ADP
spir-13448	11	17	citizens	citizen	NOUN
spir-13448	11	18	in	in	ADP
spir-13448	11	19	the	the	DET
spir-13448	11	20	new	new	ADJ
spir-13448	11	21	media	medium	NOUN
spir-13448	11	22	era	era	NOUN
spir-13448	11	23	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	12	1	to	to	PART
spir-13448	12	2	answer	answer	VERB
spir-13448	12	3	this	this	DET
spir-13448	12	4	question	question	NOUN
spir-13448	12	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	12	6	this	this	DET
spir-13448	12	7	study	study	NOUN
spir-13448	12	8	examines	examine	VERB
spir-13448	12	9	how	how	SCONJ
spir-13448	12	10	citizens	citizen	NOUN
spir-13448	12	11	express	express	VERB
spir-13448	12	12	democratic	democratic	ADJ
spir-13448	12	13	opinions	opinion	NOUN
spir-13448	12	14	against	against	ADP
spir-13448	12	15	dominant	dominant	ADJ
spir-13448	12	16	interpretations	interpretation	NOUN
spir-13448	12	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	12	18	what	what	DET
spir-13448	12	19	role	role	NOUN
spir-13448	12	20	social	social	ADJ
spir-13448	12	21	media	medium	NOUN
spir-13448	12	22	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-13448	12	23	play	play	VERB
spir-13448	12	24	as	as	ADP
spir-13448	12	25	an	an	DET
spir-13448	12	26	arena	arena	NOUN
spir-13448	12	27	for	for	ADP
spir-13448	12	28	activists	activist	NOUN
spir-13448	12	29	’	'	PUNCT
spir-13448	12	30	participation	participation	NOUN
spir-13448	12	31	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	12	32	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13448	12	33	what	what	DET
spir-13448	12	34	social	social	ADJ
spir-13448	12	35	media	medium	NOUN
spir-13448	12	36	factors	factor	NOUN
spir-13448	12	37	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
spir-13448	12	38	active	active	ADJ
spir-13448	12	39	online	online	ADJ
spir-13448	12	40	civic	civic	ADJ
spir-13448	12	41	participation	participation	NOUN
spir-13448	12	42	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13448	12	43	influence	influence	VERB
spir-13448	12	44	it	it	PRON
spir-13448	12	45	to	to	PART
spir-13448	12	46	be	be	AUX
spir-13448	12	47	translated	translate	VERB
spir-13448	12	48	into	into	ADP
spir-13448	12	49	offline	offline	ADJ
spir-13448	12	50	activities	activity	NOUN
spir-13448	12	51	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	13	1	many	many	ADJ
spir-13448	13	2	existing	exist	VERB
spir-13448	13	3	studies	study	NOUN
spir-13448	13	4	have	have	AUX
spir-13448	13	5	concentrated	concentrate	VERB
spir-13448	13	6	on	on	ADP
spir-13448	13	7	civic	civic	ADJ
spir-13448	13	8	participation	participation	NOUN
spir-13448	13	9	on	on	ADP
spir-13448	13	10	a	a	DET
spir-13448	13	11	single	single	ADJ
spir-13448	13	12	social	social	ADJ
spir-13448	13	13	media	medium	NOUN
spir-13448	13	14	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-13448	13	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	13	16	overlooking	overlook	VERB
spir-13448	13	17	the	the	DET
spir-13448	13	18	patterns	pattern	NOUN
spir-13448	13	19	of	of	ADP
spir-13448	13	20	cross	cross	ADJ
spir-13448	13	21	-	-	ADJ
spir-13448	13	22	media	media	ADJ
spir-13448	13	23	use	use	NOUN
spir-13448	13	24	that	that	DET
spir-13448	13	25	shape	shape	NOUN
spir-13448	13	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	13	27	motivate	motivate	ADJ
spir-13448	13	28	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	13	29	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13448	13	30	limit	limit	VERB
spir-13448	13	31	political	political	ADJ
spir-13448	13	32	participation	participation	NOUN
spir-13448	13	33	among	among	ADP
spir-13448	13	34	citizens	citizen	NOUN
spir-13448	13	35	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	14	1	for	for	ADP
spir-13448	14	2	example	example	NOUN
spir-13448	14	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	14	4	jonathan	jonathan	PROPN
spir-13448	14	5	hassid	hassid	PROPN
spir-13448	14	6	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13448	14	7	2012	2012	NUM
spir-13448	14	8	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13448	14	9	examined	examine	VERB
spir-13448	14	10	the	the	DET
spir-13448	14	11	effect	effect	NOUN
spir-13448	14	12	of	of	ADP
spir-13448	14	13	microblogs	microblog	NOUN
spir-13448	14	14	on	on	ADP
spir-13448	14	15	political	political	ADJ
spir-13448	14	16	participation	participation	NOUN
spir-13448	14	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	15	1	hua	hua	PROPN
spir-13448	15	2	pang	pang	PROPN
spir-13448	15	3	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13448	15	4	2022	2022	NUM
spir-13448	15	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13448	15	6	suggested	suggest	VERB
spir-13448	15	7	that	that	SCONJ
spir-13448	15	8	wechat	wechat	NOUN
spir-13448	15	9	usage	usage	NOUN
spir-13448	15	10	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13448	15	11	a	a	DET
spir-13448	15	12	social	social	ADJ
spir-13448	15	13	networking	network	VERB
spir-13448	15	14	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-13448	15	15	equivalent	equivalent	ADJ
spir-13448	15	16	to	to	PART
spir-13448	15	17	facebook	facebook	VERB
spir-13448	15	18	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13448	15	19	is	be	AUX
spir-13448	15	20	positively	positively	ADV
spir-13448	15	21	related	relate	VERB
spir-13448	15	22	to	to	ADP
spir-13448	15	23	people	people	NOUN
spir-13448	15	24	’s	’s	PART
spir-13448	15	25	online	online	ADJ
spir-13448	15	26	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13448	15	27	offline	offline	ADJ
spir-13448	15	28	civic	civic	ADJ
spir-13448	15	29	engagement	engagement	NOUN
spir-13448	15	30	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	16	1	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13448	16	2	chen	chen	PROPN
spir-13448	16	3	et	et	PROPN
spir-13448	16	4	al	al	PROPN
spir-13448	16	5	.	.	PROPN
spir-13448	16	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	16	7	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13448	16	8	2021	2021	NUM
spir-13448	16	9	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13448	16	10	concentrate	concentrate	VERB
spir-13448	16	11	on	on	ADP
spir-13448	16	12	douyin	douyin	PROPN
spir-13448	16	13	to	to	PART
spir-13448	16	14	examine	examine	VERB
spir-13448	16	15	how	how	SCONJ
spir-13448	16	16	the	the	DET
spir-13448	16	17	government	government	NOUN
spir-13448	16	18	playfully	playfully	ADV
spir-13448	16	19	engages	engage	VERB
spir-13448	16	20	the	the	DET
spir-13448	16	21	public	public	NOUN
spir-13448	16	22	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	17	1	however	however	ADV
spir-13448	17	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	17	3	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ
spir-13448	17	4	studies	study	NOUN
spir-13448	17	5	assess	assess	VERB
spir-13448	17	6	the	the	DET
spir-13448	17	7	role	role	NOUN
spir-13448	17	8	of	of	ADP
spir-13448	17	9	media	medium	NOUN
spir-13448	17	10	multiplicity	multiplicity	NOUN
spir-13448	17	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	17	12	which	which	PRON
spir-13448	17	13	refers	refer	VERB
spir-13448	17	14	to	to	ADP
spir-13448	17	15	using	use	VERB
spir-13448	17	16	multiple	multiple	ADJ
spir-13448	17	17	types	type	NOUN
spir-13448	17	18	of	of	ADP
spir-13448	17	19	online	online	ADJ
spir-13448	17	20	media	medium	NOUN
spir-13448	17	21	for	for	ADP
spir-13448	17	22	social	social	ADJ
spir-13448	17	23	interaction	interaction	NOUN
spir-13448	17	24	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13448	17	25	political	political	ADJ
spir-13448	17	26	participation	participation	NOUN
spir-13448	17	27	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	18	1	although	although	SCONJ
spir-13448	18	2	some	some	DET
spir-13448	18	3	researchers	researcher	NOUN
spir-13448	18	4	have	have	AUX
spir-13448	18	5	evaluated	evaluate	VERB
spir-13448	18	6	the	the	DET
spir-13448	18	7	relationship	relationship	NOUN
spir-13448	18	8	between	between	ADP
spir-13448	18	9	media	medium	NOUN
spir-13448	18	10	multiplicity	multiplicity	NOUN
spir-13448	18	11	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13448	18	12	online	online	ADJ
spir-13448	18	13	expressive	expressive	ADJ
spir-13448	18	14	political	political	ADJ
spir-13448	18	15	participation	participation	NOUN
spir-13448	18	16	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13448	18	17	xenos	xenos	PROPN
spir-13448	18	18	&	&	CCONJ
spir-13448	18	19	moy	moy	PROPN
spir-13448	18	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	18	21	2007	2007	NUM
spir-13448	18	22	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13448	18	23	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	18	24	these	these	DET
spir-13448	18	25	studies	study	NOUN
spir-13448	18	26	analysed	analyse	VERB
spir-13448	18	27	the	the	DET
spir-13448	18	28	role	role	NOUN
spir-13448	18	29	of	of	ADP
spir-13448	18	30	social	social	ADJ
spir-13448	18	31	media	medium	NOUN
spir-13448	18	32	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-13448	18	33	in	in	ADP
spir-13448	18	34	civic	civic	ADJ
spir-13448	18	35	participation	participation	NOUN
spir-13448	18	36	as	as	ADP
spir-13448	18	37	a	a	DET
spir-13448	18	38	whole	whole	NOUN
spir-13448	18	39	instead	instead	ADV
spir-13448	18	40	of	of	ADP
spir-13448	18	41	comparing	compare	VERB
spir-13448	18	42	how	how	SCONJ
spir-13448	18	43	different	different	ADJ
spir-13448	18	44	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-13448	18	45	social	social	ADJ
spir-13448	18	46	media	medium	NOUN
spir-13448	18	47	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-13448	18	48	contribute	contribute	VERB
spir-13448	18	49	to	to	ADP
spir-13448	18	50	resistant	resistant	ADJ
spir-13448	18	51	participation	participation	NOUN
spir-13448	18	52	to	to	ADP
spir-13448	18	53	the	the	DET
spir-13448	18	54	state	state	NOUN
spir-13448	18	55	discourses	discourse	NOUN
spir-13448	18	56	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	19	1	indeed	indeed	ADV
spir-13448	19	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	19	3	each	each	DET
spir-13448	19	4	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-13448	19	5	exhibits	exhibit	VERB
spir-13448	19	6	suggested	suggest	VERB
spir-13448	19	7	citation	citation	NOUN
spir-13448	19	8	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13448	19	9	apa	apa	PROPN
spir-13448	19	10	):	):	PUNCT
spir-13448	19	11	lin	lin	PROPN
spir-13448	19	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	19	13	h.	h.	PROPN
spir-13448	19	14	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13448	19	15	2023	2023	NUM
spir-13448	19	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	19	17	october	october	PROPN
spir-13448	19	18	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13448	19	19	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	20	1	civic	civic	ADJ
spir-13448	20	2	participation	participation	NOUN
spir-13448	20	3	in	in	ADP
spir-13448	20	4	china	china	PROPN
spir-13448	20	5	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13448	20	6	a	a	DET
spir-13448	20	7	comparative	comparative	ADJ
spir-13448	20	8	study	study	NOUN
spir-13448	20	9	between	between	ADP
spir-13448	20	10	wechat	wechat	PROPN
spir-13448	20	11	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13448	20	12	douyin	douyin	PROPN
spir-13448	20	13	as	as	ADP
spir-13448	20	14	a	a	DET
spir-13448	20	15	democratic	democratic	ADJ
spir-13448	20	16	arena	arena	NOUN
spir-13448	20	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	21	1	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-13448	21	2	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13448	21	3	or	or	CCONJ
spir-13448	21	4	panel	panel	NOUN
spir-13448	21	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13448	21	6	presented	present	VERB
spir-13448	21	7	at	at	ADP
spir-13448	21	8	aoir2023	aoir2023	PROPN
spir-13448	21	9	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13448	21	10	the	the	DET
spir-13448	21	11	24th	24th	ADJ
spir-13448	21	12	annual	annual	ADJ
spir-13448	21	13	conference	conference	NOUN
spir-13448	21	14	of	of	ADP
spir-13448	21	15	the	the	DET
spir-13448	21	16	association	association	NOUN
spir-13448	21	17	of	of	ADP
spir-13448	21	18	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-13448	21	19	researchers	researcher	NOUN
spir-13448	21	20	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	22	1	philadelphia	philadelphia	PROPN
spir-13448	22	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	22	3	pa	pa	PROPN
spir-13448	22	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	22	5	usa	usa	PROPN
spir-13448	22	6	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13448	22	7	aoir	aoir	NOUN
spir-13448	22	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	22	9	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
spir-13448	22	10	from	from	ADP
spir-13448	22	11	http://spir.aoir.org	http://spir.aoir.org	PROPN
spir-13448	22	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	23	1	particular	particular	ADJ
spir-13448	23	2	effects	effect	NOUN
spir-13448	23	3	that	that	PRON
spir-13448	23	4	influence	influence	VERB
spir-13448	23	5	people	people	NOUN
spir-13448	23	6	’s	’s	PART
spir-13448	23	7	online	online	ADJ
spir-13448	23	8	participation	participation	NOUN
spir-13448	23	9	through	through	ADP
spir-13448	23	10	different	different	ADJ
spir-13448	23	11	technological	technological	ADJ
spir-13448	23	12	features	feature	NOUN
spir-13448	23	13	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13448	23	14	pearce	pearce	PROPN
spir-13448	23	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	23	16	et	et	PROPN
spir-13448	23	17	al	al	PROPN
spir-13448	23	18	.	.	PROPN
spir-13448	23	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	23	20	2020	2020	NUM
spir-13448	23	21	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13448	23	22	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	24	1	thus	thus	ADV
spir-13448	24	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	24	3	this	this	DET
spir-13448	24	4	study	study	NOUN
spir-13448	24	5	adopts	adopt	VERB
spir-13448	24	6	a	a	DET
spir-13448	24	7	cross	cross	ADJ
spir-13448	24	8	-	-	ADJ
spir-13448	24	9	platform	platform	ADJ
spir-13448	24	10	perspective	perspective	NOUN
spir-13448	24	11	to	to	PART
spir-13448	24	12	compare	compare	VERB
spir-13448	24	13	how	how	SCONJ
spir-13448	24	14	users	user	NOUN
spir-13448	24	15	resist	resist	VERB
spir-13448	24	16	the	the	DET
spir-13448	24	17	mainstream	mainstream	NOUN
spir-13448	24	18	discourse	discourse	NOUN
spir-13448	24	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13448	24	20	express	express	VERB
spir-13448	24	21	counternarratives	counternarrative	NOUN
spir-13448	24	22	on	on	ADP
spir-13448	24	23	different	different	ADJ
spir-13448	24	24	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-13448	24	25	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	25	1	the	the	DET
spir-13448	25	2	comparative	comparative	ADJ
spir-13448	25	3	study	study	NOUN
spir-13448	25	4	focuses	focus	VERB
spir-13448	25	5	on	on	ADP
spir-13448	25	6	wechat	wechat	PROPN
spir-13448	25	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13448	25	8	douyin	douyin	PROPN
spir-13448	25	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	26	1	national	national	ADJ
spir-13448	26	2	statistics	statistic	NOUN
spir-13448	26	3	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
spir-13448	26	4	that	that	SCONJ
spir-13448	26	5	most	most	ADJ
spir-13448	26	6	people	people	NOUN
spir-13448	26	7	are	be	AUX
spir-13448	26	8	likely	likely	ADJ
spir-13448	26	9	to	to	PART
spir-13448	26	10	consume	consume	VERB
spir-13448	26	11	news	news	NOUN
spir-13448	26	12	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13448	26	13	political	political	ADJ
spir-13448	26	14	content	content	NOUN
spir-13448	26	15	on	on	ADP
spir-13448	26	16	douyin	douyin	PROPN
spir-13448	26	17	in	in	ADP
spir-13448	26	18	a	a	DET
spir-13448	26	19	playful	playful	ADJ
spir-13448	26	20	way	way	NOUN
spir-13448	26	21	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	27	1	in	in	ADP
spir-13448	27	2	this	this	DET
spir-13448	27	3	sense	sense	NOUN
spir-13448	27	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	27	5	citizens	citizen	NOUN
spir-13448	27	6	are	be	AUX
spir-13448	27	7	likely	likely	ADJ
spir-13448	27	8	to	to	PART
spir-13448	27	9	be	be	AUX
spir-13448	27	10	influenced	influence	VERB
spir-13448	27	11	by	by	ADP
spir-13448	27	12	dominant	dominant	ADJ
spir-13448	27	13	discourses	discourse	NOUN
spir-13448	27	14	from	from	ADP
spir-13448	27	15	the	the	DET
spir-13448	27	16	state	state	NOUN
spir-13448	27	17	because	because	SCONJ
spir-13448	27	18	douyin	douyin	PROPN
spir-13448	27	19	has	have	AUX
spir-13448	27	20	become	become	AUX
spir-13448	27	21	used	use	VERB
spir-13448	27	22	by	by	ADP
spir-13448	27	23	the	the	DET
spir-13448	27	24	government	government	NOUN
spir-13448	27	25	as	as	ADP
spir-13448	27	26	a	a	DET
spir-13448	27	27	crucial	crucial	ADJ
spir-13448	27	28	tool	tool	NOUN
spir-13448	27	29	to	to	PART
spir-13448	27	30	promote	promote	VERB
spir-13448	27	31	state	state	NOUN
spir-13448	27	32	ideology	ideology	NOUN
spir-13448	27	33	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13448	27	34	express	express	VERB
spir-13448	27	35	mainstream	mainstream	NOUN
spir-13448	27	36	discourses	discourse	NOUN
spir-13448	27	37	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	28	1	they	they	PRON
spir-13448	28	2	may	may	AUX
spir-13448	28	3	also	also	ADV
spir-13448	28	4	release	release	VERB
spir-13448	28	5	their	their	PRON
spir-13448	28	6	anger	anger	NOUN
spir-13448	28	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13448	28	8	give	give	VERB
spir-13448	28	9	up	up	ADP
spir-13448	28	10	resistant	resistant	ADJ
spir-13448	28	11	behaviours	behaviour	NOUN
spir-13448	28	12	towards	towards	ADP
spir-13448	28	13	the	the	DET
spir-13448	28	14	government	government	NOUN
spir-13448	28	15	because	because	SCONJ
spir-13448	28	16	hassid	hassid	PROPN
spir-13448	28	17	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13448	28	18	2012	2012	NUM
spir-13448	28	19	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13448	28	20	suggested	suggest	VERB
spir-13448	28	21	that	that	SCONJ
spir-13448	28	22	if	if	SCONJ
spir-13448	28	23	newspapers	newspaper	NOUN
spir-13448	28	24	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13448	28	25	the	the	DET
spir-13448	28	26	mainstream	mainstream	NOUN
spir-13448	28	27	media	medium	NOUN
spir-13448	28	28	set	set	VERB
spir-13448	28	29	the	the	DET
spir-13448	28	30	agenda	agenda	NOUN
spir-13448	28	31	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	28	32	the	the	DET
spir-13448	28	33	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-13448	28	34	can	can	AUX
spir-13448	28	35	serve	serve	VERB
spir-13448	28	36	as	as	ADP
spir-13448	28	37	a	a	DET
spir-13448	28	38	"	"	PUNCT
spir-13448	28	39	safety	safety	NOUN
spir-13448	28	40	valve	valve	NOUN
spir-13448	28	41	"	"	PUNCT
spir-13448	28	42	to	to	PART
spir-13448	28	43	ease	ease	VERB
spir-13448	28	44	anger	anger	NOUN
spir-13448	28	45	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	29	1	however	however	ADV
spir-13448	29	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	29	3	active	active	ADJ
spir-13448	29	4	civic	civic	ADJ
spir-13448	29	5	participation	participation	NOUN
spir-13448	29	6	still	still	ADV
spir-13448	29	7	arises	arise	VERB
spir-13448	29	8	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13448	29	9	some	some	PRON
spir-13448	29	10	have	have	AUX
spir-13448	29	11	been	be	AUX
spir-13448	29	12	translated	translate	VERB
spir-13448	29	13	into	into	ADP
spir-13448	29	14	the	the	DET
spir-13448	29	15	large	large	ADJ
spir-13448	29	16	offline	offline	ADJ
spir-13448	29	17	political	political	ADJ
spir-13448	29	18	participation	participation	NOUN
spir-13448	29	19	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	30	1	it	it	PRON
spir-13448	30	2	seems	seem	VERB
spir-13448	30	3	that	that	SCONJ
spir-13448	30	4	although	although	SCONJ
spir-13448	30	5	more	more	ADJ
spir-13448	30	6	people	people	NOUN
spir-13448	30	7	participate	participate	VERB
spir-13448	30	8	in	in	ADP
spir-13448	30	9	political	political	ADJ
spir-13448	30	10	content	content	NOUN
spir-13448	30	11	on	on	ADP
spir-13448	30	12	douyin	douyin	PROPN
spir-13448	30	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	30	14	they	they	PRON
spir-13448	30	15	are	be	AUX
spir-13448	30	16	less	less	ADV
spir-13448	30	17	likely	likely	ADJ
spir-13448	30	18	to	to	PART
spir-13448	30	19	accept	accept	VERB
spir-13448	30	20	ideological	ideological	ADJ
spir-13448	30	21	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
spir-13448	30	22	but	but	CCONJ
spir-13448	30	23	to	to	PART
spir-13448	30	24	take	take	VERB
spir-13448	30	25	actions	action	NOUN
spir-13448	30	26	to	to	PART
spir-13448	30	27	resist	resist	VERB
spir-13448	30	28	these	these	DET
spir-13448	30	29	state	state	NOUN
spir-13448	30	30	interpretations	interpretation	NOUN
spir-13448	30	31	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	31	1	in	in	ADP
spir-13448	31	2	this	this	DET
spir-13448	31	3	sense	sense	NOUN
spir-13448	31	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	31	5	media	medium	NOUN
spir-13448	31	6	multiplicity	multiplicity	NOUN
spir-13448	31	7	should	should	AUX
spir-13448	31	8	be	be	AUX
spir-13448	31	9	examined	examine	VERB
spir-13448	31	10	because	because	SCONJ
spir-13448	31	11	citizens	citizen	NOUN
spir-13448	31	12	do	do	AUX
spir-13448	31	13	not	not	PART
spir-13448	31	14	adopt	adopt	VERB
spir-13448	31	15	one	one	NUM
spir-13448	31	16	social	social	ADJ
spir-13448	31	17	media	medium	NOUN
spir-13448	31	18	in	in	ADP
spir-13448	31	19	political	political	ADJ
spir-13448	31	20	participation	participation	NOUN
spir-13448	31	21	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	32	1	before	before	ADP
spir-13448	32	2	on	on	ADP
spir-13448	32	3	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13448	32	4	street	street	NOUN
spir-13448	32	5	political	political	ADJ
spir-13448	32	6	participation	participation	NOUN
spir-13448	32	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	32	8	there	there	PRON
spir-13448	32	9	were	be	VERB
spir-13448	32	10	a	a	DET
spir-13448	32	11	great	great	ADJ
spir-13448	32	12	number	number	NOUN
spir-13448	32	13	of	of	ADP
spir-13448	32	14	videos	video	NOUN
spir-13448	32	15	to	to	PART
spir-13448	32	16	mourn	mourn	VERB
spir-13448	32	17	victims	victim	NOUN
spir-13448	32	18	on	on	ADP
spir-13448	32	19	douyin	douyin	PROPN
spir-13448	32	20	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13448	32	21	plenty	plenty	NOUN
spir-13448	32	22	of	of	ADP
spir-13448	32	23	articles	article	NOUN
spir-13448	32	24	on	on	ADP
spir-13448	32	25	wechat	wechat	NOUN
spir-13448	32	26	to	to	PART
spir-13448	32	27	criticise	criticise	VERB
spir-13448	32	28	the	the	DET
spir-13448	32	29	government	government	NOUN
spir-13448	32	30	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	32	31	from	from	ADP
spir-13448	32	32	strict	strict	ADJ
spir-13448	32	33	top	top	ADJ
spir-13448	32	34	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13448	32	35	down	down	ADP
spir-13448	32	36	policies	policy	NOUN
spir-13448	32	37	to	to	ADP
spir-13448	32	38	centered	center	VERB
spir-13448	32	39	power	power	NOUN
spir-13448	32	40	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	33	1	thus	thus	ADV
spir-13448	33	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	33	3	this	this	DET
spir-13448	33	4	article	article	NOUN
spir-13448	33	5	investigates	investigate	VERB
spir-13448	33	6	how	how	SCONJ
spir-13448	33	7	douyin	douyin	ADV
spir-13448	33	8	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13448	33	9	wechat	wechat	ADP
spir-13448	33	10	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
spir-13448	33	11	civic	civic	ADJ
spir-13448	33	12	participation	participation	NOUN
spir-13448	33	13	differently	differently	ADV
spir-13448	33	14	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13448	33	15	how	how	SCONJ
spir-13448	33	16	people	people	NOUN
spir-13448	33	17	engage	engage	VERB
spir-13448	33	18	with	with	ADP
spir-13448	33	19	political	political	ADJ
spir-13448	33	20	content	content	NOUN
spir-13448	33	21	differently	differently	ADV
spir-13448	33	22	on	on	ADP
spir-13448	33	23	these	these	DET
spir-13448	33	24	two	two	NUM
spir-13448	33	25	different	different	ADJ
spir-13448	33	26	media	medium	NOUN
spir-13448	33	27	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-13448	33	28	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	34	1	i	i	PRON
spir-13448	34	2	employed	employ	VERB
spir-13448	34	3	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-13448	34	4	ethnography	ethnography	NOUN
spir-13448	34	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	34	6	augmented	augment	VERB
spir-13448	34	7	by	by	ADP
spir-13448	34	8	the	the	DET
spir-13448	34	9	walkthrough	walkthrough	NOUN
spir-13448	34	10	method	method	NOUN
spir-13448	34	11	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13448	34	12	light	light	NOUN
spir-13448	34	13	et	et	PROPN
spir-13448	34	14	al	al	PROPN
spir-13448	34	15	.	.	PROPN
spir-13448	34	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	34	17	2018	2018	NUM
spir-13448	34	18	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13448	34	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	34	20	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13448	34	21	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
spir-13448	34	22	content	content	NOUN
spir-13448	34	23	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-13448	34	24	to	to	PART
spir-13448	34	25	examine	examine	VERB
spir-13448	34	26	how	how	SCONJ
spir-13448	34	27	wechat	wechat	PRON
spir-13448	34	28	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13448	34	29	douyin	douyin	AUX
spir-13448	34	30	play	play	VERB
spir-13448	34	31	different	different	ADJ
spir-13448	34	32	roles	role	NOUN
spir-13448	34	33	in	in	ADP
spir-13448	34	34	civic	civic	ADJ
spir-13448	34	35	participation	participation	NOUN
spir-13448	34	36	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	35	1	i	i	PRON
spir-13448	35	2	began	begin	VERB
spir-13448	35	3	this	this	DET
spir-13448	35	4	study	study	NOUN
spir-13448	35	5	by	by	ADP
spir-13448	35	6	using	use	VERB
spir-13448	35	7	the	the	DET
spir-13448	35	8	walkthrough	walkthrough	NOUN
spir-13448	35	9	method	method	NOUN
spir-13448	35	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	35	11	engaging	engage	VERB
spir-13448	35	12	directly	directly	ADV
spir-13448	35	13	with	with	ADP
spir-13448	35	14	the	the	DET
spir-13448	35	15	interfaces	interface	NOUN
spir-13448	35	16	of	of	ADP
spir-13448	35	17	two	two	NUM
spir-13448	35	18	appliances	appliance	NOUN
spir-13448	35	19	to	to	PART
spir-13448	35	20	examine	examine	VERB
spir-13448	35	21	how	how	SCONJ
spir-13448	35	22	their	their	PRON
spir-13448	35	23	technological	technological	ADJ
spir-13448	35	24	features	feature	NOUN
spir-13448	35	25	affect	affect	VERB
spir-13448	35	26	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13448	35	27	shape	shape	VERB
spir-13448	35	28	the	the	DET
spir-13448	35	29	way	way	NOUN
spir-13448	35	30	citizens	citizen	NOUN
spir-13448	35	31	engage	engage	VERB
spir-13448	35	32	with	with	ADP
spir-13448	35	33	political	political	ADJ
spir-13448	35	34	content	content	NOUN
spir-13448	35	35	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13448	35	36	light	light	NOUN
spir-13448	35	37	et	et	PROPN
spir-13448	35	38	al	al	PROPN
spir-13448	35	39	.	.	PROPN
spir-13448	35	40	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	35	41	2018	2018	NUM
spir-13448	35	42	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13448	35	43	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	36	1	then	then	ADV
spir-13448	36	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	36	3	focusing	focus	VERB
spir-13448	36	4	on	on	ADP
spir-13448	36	5	activities	activity	NOUN
spir-13448	36	6	rather	rather	ADV
spir-13448	36	7	than	than	ADP
spir-13448	36	8	just	just	ADV
spir-13448	36	9	technologies	technology	NOUN
spir-13448	36	10	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13448	36	11	pink	pink	ADJ
spir-13448	36	12	et	et	PROPN
spir-13448	36	13	al	al	PROPN
spir-13448	36	14	.	.	PROPN
spir-13448	36	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	36	16	2016	2016	NUM
spir-13448	36	17	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13448	36	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	36	19	i	i	PRON
spir-13448	36	20	observed	observe	VERB
spir-13448	36	21	two	two	NUM
spir-13448	36	22	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-13448	36	23	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	36	24	each	each	PRON
spir-13448	36	25	for	for	ADP
spir-13448	36	26	three	three	NUM
spir-13448	36	27	hours	hour	NOUN
spir-13448	36	28	over	over	ADP
spir-13448	36	29	the	the	DET
spir-13448	36	30	course	course	NOUN
spir-13448	36	31	of	of	ADP
spir-13448	36	32	two	two	NUM
spir-13448	36	33	weeks	week	NOUN
spir-13448	36	34	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	36	35	to	to	PART
spir-13448	36	36	investigate	investigate	VERB
spir-13448	36	37	the	the	DET
spir-13448	36	38	various	various	ADJ
spir-13448	36	39	modes	mode	NOUN
spir-13448	36	40	of	of	ADP
spir-13448	36	41	citizen	citizen	NOUN
spir-13448	36	42	participation	participation	NOUN
spir-13448	36	43	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	37	1	besides	besides	SCONJ
spir-13448	37	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	37	3	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
spir-13448	37	4	content	content	NOUN
spir-13448	37	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-13448	37	6	was	be	AUX
spir-13448	37	7	used	use	VERB
spir-13448	37	8	to	to	PART
spir-13448	37	9	compare	compare	VERB
spir-13448	37	10	users	user	NOUN
spir-13448	37	11	’	'	PUNCT
spir-13448	37	12	comments	comment	NOUN
spir-13448	37	13	with	with	ADP
spir-13448	37	14	articles	article	NOUN
spir-13448	37	15	on	on	ADP
spir-13448	37	16	wechat	wechat	PROPN
spir-13448	37	17	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13448	37	18	with	with	ADP
spir-13448	37	19	video	video	NOUN
spir-13448	37	20	content	content	NOUN
spir-13448	37	21	on	on	ADP
spir-13448	37	22	douyin	douyin	PROPN
spir-13448	37	23	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	38	1	this	this	PRON
spir-13448	38	2	is	be	AUX
spir-13448	38	3	because	because	SCONJ
spir-13448	38	4	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
spir-13448	38	5	content	content	NOUN
spir-13448	38	6	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-13448	38	7	pays	pay	VERB
spir-13448	38	8	attention	attention	NOUN
spir-13448	38	9	to	to	ADP
spir-13448	38	10	the	the	DET
spir-13448	38	11	meanings	meaning	NOUN
spir-13448	38	12	underlying	underlie	VERB
spir-13448	38	13	the	the	DET
spir-13448	38	14	physical	physical	ADJ
spir-13448	38	15	messages	message	NOUN
spir-13448	38	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	38	17	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13448	38	18	activists	activist	NOUN
spir-13448	38	19	often	often	ADV
spir-13448	38	20	use	use	VERB
spir-13448	38	21	metaphors	metaphor	NOUN
spir-13448	38	22	to	to	PART
spir-13448	38	23	express	express	VERB
spir-13448	38	24	resistive	resistive	ADJ
spir-13448	38	25	comments	comment	NOUN
spir-13448	38	26	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13448	38	27	counter	counter	ADJ
spir-13448	38	28	-	-	ADJ
spir-13448	38	29	dominant	dominant	ADJ
spir-13448	38	30	expressions	expression	NOUN
spir-13448	38	31	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	38	32	making	make	VERB
spir-13448	38	33	messages	message	NOUN
spir-13448	38	34	obscure	obscure	ADJ
spir-13448	38	35	for	for	ADP
spir-13448	38	36	censorship	censorship	NOUN
spir-13448	38	37	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
spir-13448	38	38	to	to	PART
spir-13448	38	39	detect	detect	VERB
spir-13448	38	40	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13448	38	41	wasserstrom	wasserstrom	NOUN
spir-13448	38	42	&	&	CCONJ
spir-13448	38	43	perry	perry	PROPN
spir-13448	38	44	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	38	45	2018	2018	NUM
spir-13448	38	46	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13448	38	47	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	39	1	this	this	DET
spir-13448	39	2	study	study	NOUN
spir-13448	39	3	argues	argue	VERB
spir-13448	39	4	that	that	SCONJ
spir-13448	39	5	the	the	DET
spir-13448	39	6	social	social	ADJ
spir-13448	39	7	networking	networking	NOUN
spir-13448	39	8	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-13448	39	9	wechat	wechat	PROPN
spir-13448	39	10	provides	provide	VERB
spir-13448	39	11	more	more	ADJ
spir-13448	39	12	in	in	ADP
spir-13448	39	13	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13448	39	14	depth	depth	NOUN
spir-13448	39	15	participation	participation	NOUN
spir-13448	39	16	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13448	39	17	has	have	VERB
spir-13448	39	18	more	more	ADJ
spir-13448	39	19	democratic	democratic	ADJ
spir-13448	39	20	forms	form	NOUN
spir-13448	39	21	than	than	ADP
spir-13448	39	22	douyin	douyin	ADV
spir-13448	39	23	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	39	24	especially	especially	ADV
spir-13448	39	25	for	for	ADP
spir-13448	39	26	expressing	express	VERB
spir-13448	39	27	counter	counter	ADJ
spir-13448	39	28	narratives	narrative	NOUN
spir-13448	39	29	to	to	ADP
spir-13448	39	30	mainstream	mainstream	NOUN
spir-13448	39	31	discourses	discourse	NOUN
spir-13448	39	32	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	40	1	it	it	PRON
spir-13448	40	2	found	find	VERB
spir-13448	40	3	that	that	SCONJ
spir-13448	40	4	users	user	NOUN
spir-13448	40	5	are	be	AUX
spir-13448	40	6	more	more	ADV
spir-13448	40	7	likely	likely	ADJ
spir-13448	40	8	to	to	PART
spir-13448	40	9	express	express	VERB
spir-13448	40	10	opposite	opposite	ADJ
spir-13448	40	11	views	view	NOUN
spir-13448	40	12	from	from	ADP
spir-13448	40	13	mainstream	mainstream	NOUN
spir-13448	40	14	discourses	discourse	NOUN
spir-13448	40	15	on	on	ADP
spir-13448	40	16	wechat	wechat	NOUN
spir-13448	40	17	than	than	ADP
spir-13448	40	18	douyin	douyin	PROPN
spir-13448	40	19	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	41	1	from	from	ADP
spir-13448	41	2	a	a	DET
spir-13448	41	3	technological	technological	ADJ
spir-13448	41	4	perspective	perspective	NOUN
spir-13448	41	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	41	6	one	one	NUM
spir-13448	41	7	of	of	ADP
spir-13448	41	8	the	the	DET
spir-13448	41	9	reasons	reason	NOUN
spir-13448	41	10	for	for	ADP
spir-13448	41	11	this	this	PRON
spir-13448	41	12	is	be	AUX
spir-13448	41	13	that	that	SCONJ
spir-13448	41	14	wechat	wechat	NOUN
spir-13448	41	15	allows	allow	VERB
spir-13448	41	16	people	people	NOUN
spir-13448	41	17	to	to	PART
spir-13448	41	18	express	express	VERB
spir-13448	41	19	longer	long	ADJ
spir-13448	41	20	words	word	NOUN
spir-13448	41	21	than	than	ADP
spir-13448	41	22	douyin	douyin	PROPN
spir-13448	41	23	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	41	24	according	accord	VERB
spir-13448	41	25	to	to	ADP
spir-13448	41	26	the	the	DET
spir-13448	41	27	walkthrough	walkthrough	NOUN
spir-13448	41	28	method	method	NOUN
spir-13448	41	29	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	42	1	another	another	DET
spir-13448	42	2	reason	reason	NOUN
spir-13448	42	3	for	for	ADP
spir-13448	42	4	this	this	PRON
spir-13448	42	5	is	be	AUX
spir-13448	42	6	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
spir-13448	42	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	43	1	as	as	SCONJ
spir-13448	43	2	the	the	DET
spir-13448	43	3	two	two	NUM
spir-13448	43	4	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-13448	43	5	adopt	adopt	VERB
spir-13448	43	6	different	different	ADJ
spir-13448	43	7	systems	system	NOUN
spir-13448	43	8	to	to	PART
spir-13448	43	9	censor	censor	VERB
spir-13448	43	10	content	content	NOUN
spir-13448	43	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	43	12	the	the	DET
spir-13448	43	13	moderation	moderation	NOUN
spir-13448	43	14	of	of	ADP
spir-13448	43	15	content	content	NOUN
spir-13448	43	16	is	be	AUX
spir-13448	43	17	quicker	quick	ADJ
spir-13448	43	18	on	on	ADP
spir-13448	43	19	douyin	douyin	NOUN
spir-13448	43	20	than	than	ADP
spir-13448	43	21	on	on	ADP
spir-13448	43	22	wechat	wechat	NOUN
spir-13448	43	23	because	because	SCONJ
spir-13448	43	24	douyin	douyin	PROPN
spir-13448	43	25	uses	use	VERB
spir-13448	43	26	algorithmic	algorithmic	ADJ
spir-13448	43	27	filter	filter	NOUN
spir-13448	43	28	bubbles	bubble	NOUN
spir-13448	43	29	to	to	PART
spir-13448	43	30	censor	censor	VERB
spir-13448	43	31	content	content	NOUN
spir-13448	43	32	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13448	43	33	eliminate	eliminate	VERB
spir-13448	43	34	sensitive	sensitive	ADJ
spir-13448	43	35	words	word	NOUN
spir-13448	43	36	immediately	immediately	ADV
spir-13448	43	37	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	43	38	whereas	whereas	SCONJ
spir-13448	43	39	wechat	wechat	NOUN
spir-13448	43	40	takes	take	VERB
spir-13448	43	41	some	some	DET
spir-13448	43	42	time	time	NOUN
spir-13448	43	43	to	to	PART
spir-13448	43	44	detect	detect	VERB
spir-13448	43	45	sensitive	sensitive	ADJ
spir-13448	43	46	metaphors	metaphor	NOUN
spir-13448	43	47	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13448	43	48	underlying	underlying	ADJ
spir-13448	43	49	meanings	meaning	NOUN
spir-13448	43	50	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	44	1	after	after	ADP
spir-13448	44	2	analysing	analyse	VERB
spir-13448	44	3	the	the	DET
spir-13448	44	4	content	content	NOUN
spir-13448	44	5	of	of	ADP
spir-13448	44	6	over	over	ADP
spir-13448	44	7	500	500	NUM
spir-13448	44	8	accounts	account	NOUN
spir-13448	44	9	on	on	ADP
spir-13448	44	10	each	each	DET
spir-13448	44	11	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-13448	44	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	44	13	the	the	DET
spir-13448	44	14	resistant	resistant	ADJ
spir-13448	44	15	comments	comment	NOUN
spir-13448	44	16	associated	associate	VERB
spir-13448	44	17	with	with	ADP
spir-13448	44	18	wechat	wechat	NOUN
spir-13448	44	19	articles	article	NOUN
spir-13448	44	20	are	be	AUX
spir-13448	44	21	more	more	ADV
spir-13448	44	22	insightful	insightful	ADJ
spir-13448	44	23	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13448	44	24	critical	critical	ADJ
spir-13448	44	25	than	than	ADP
spir-13448	44	26	comments	comment	NOUN
spir-13448	44	27	on	on	ADP
spir-13448	44	28	douyin	douyin	PROPN
spir-13448	44	29	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	45	1	when	when	SCONJ
spir-13448	45	2	comparing	compare	VERB
spir-13448	45	3	various	various	ADJ
spir-13448	45	4	types	type	NOUN
spir-13448	45	5	of	of	ADP
spir-13448	45	6	democratic	democratic	ADJ
spir-13448	45	7	participation	participation	NOUN
spir-13448	45	8	on	on	ADP
spir-13448	45	9	these	these	DET
spir-13448	45	10	two	two	NUM
spir-13448	45	11	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-13448	45	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	45	13	sharing	share	VERB
spir-13448	45	14	articles	article	NOUN
spir-13448	45	15	written	write	VERB
spir-13448	45	16	by	by	ADP
spir-13448	45	17	official	official	ADJ
spir-13448	45	18	accounts	account	NOUN
spir-13448	45	19	on	on	ADP
spir-13448	45	20	wechat	wechat	NOUN
spir-13448	45	21	is	be	AUX
spir-13448	45	22	a	a	DET
spir-13448	45	23	prominent	prominent	ADJ
spir-13448	45	24	resistive	resistive	ADJ
spir-13448	45	25	action	action	NOUN
spir-13448	45	26	among	among	ADP
spir-13448	45	27	activists	activist	NOUN
spir-13448	45	28	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	46	1	when	when	SCONJ
spir-13448	46	2	engage	engage	VERB
spir-13448	46	3	with	with	ADP
spir-13448	46	4	political	political	ADJ
spir-13448	46	5	issues	issue	NOUN
spir-13448	46	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	46	7	many	many	ADJ
spir-13448	46	8	people	people	NOUN
spir-13448	46	9	shared	share	VERB
spir-13448	46	10	"	"	PUNCT
spir-13448	46	11	no	no	DET
spir-13448	46	12	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13448	46	13	word	word	NOUN
spir-13448	46	14	articles	article	NOUN
spir-13448	46	15	"	"	PUNCT
spir-13448	46	16	on	on	ADP
spir-13448	46	17	wechat	wechat	NOUN
spir-13448	46	18	to	to	PART
spir-13448	46	19	call	call	VERB
spir-13448	46	20	for	for	ADP
spir-13448	46	21	free	free	ADJ
spir-13448	46	22	speech	speech	NOUN
spir-13448	46	23	on	on	ADP
spir-13448	46	24	the	the	DET
spir-13448	46	25	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-13448	46	26	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	47	1	by	by	ADP
spir-13448	47	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
spir-13448	47	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	47	4	users	user	NOUN
spir-13448	47	5	of	of	ADP
spir-13448	47	6	douyin	douyin	PROPN
spir-13448	47	7	can	can	AUX
spir-13448	47	8	merely	merely	ADV
spir-13448	47	9	express	express	VERB
spir-13448	47	10	ideas	idea	NOUN
spir-13448	47	11	through	through	ADP
spir-13448	47	12	comments	comment	NOUN
spir-13448	47	13	which	which	PRON
spir-13448	47	14	can	can	AUX
spir-13448	47	15	be	be	AUX
spir-13448	47	16	easier	easier	ADV
spir-13448	47	17	moderated	moderate	VERB
spir-13448	47	18	by	by	ADP
spir-13448	47	19	the	the	DET
spir-13448	47	20	algorithmic	algorithmic	ADJ
spir-13448	47	21	system	system	NOUN
spir-13448	47	22	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	48	1	references	reference	NOUN
spir-13448	48	2	references	reference	NOUN
spir-13448	48	3	chen	chen	PROPN
spir-13448	48	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	48	5	x.	x.	PROPN
spir-13448	48	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	48	7	valdovinos	valdovinos	PROPN
spir-13448	48	8	kaye	kaye	PROPN
spir-13448	48	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	48	10	d.	d.	PROPN
spir-13448	48	11	b.	b.	PROPN
spir-13448	48	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	48	13	&	&	CCONJ
spir-13448	48	14	zeng	zeng	PROPN
spir-13448	48	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	48	16	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-13448	48	17	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13448	48	18	2021	2021	NUM
spir-13448	48	19	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13448	48	20	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	49	1	#	#	ADJ
spir-13448	49	2	positiveenergy	positiveenergy	NOUN
spir-13448	49	3	douyin	douyin	ADV
spir-13448	49	4	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13448	49	5	constructing	construct	VERB
spir-13448	49	6	“	"	PUNCT
spir-13448	49	7	playful	playful	ADJ
spir-13448	49	8	patriotism	patriotism	NOUN
spir-13448	49	9	”	"	PUNCT
spir-13448	49	10	in	in	ADP
spir-13448	49	11	a	a	DET
spir-13448	49	12	chinese	chinese	ADJ
spir-13448	49	13	short	short	ADJ
spir-13448	49	14	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13448	49	15	video	video	NOUN
spir-13448	49	16	application	application	NOUN
spir-13448	49	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	50	1	chinese	chinese	ADJ
spir-13448	50	2	journal	journal	PROPN
spir-13448	50	3	of	of	ADP
spir-13448	50	4	communication	communication	NOUN
spir-13448	50	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	50	6	14(1	14(1	NUM
spir-13448	50	7	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13448	50	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	50	9	97–117	97–117	NUM
spir-13448	50	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	51	1	https://doi.org/10.1080/17544750.2020.1761848	https://doi.org/10.1080/17544750.2020.1761848	PUNCT
spir-13448	51	2	hassid	hassid	PROPN
spir-13448	51	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	51	4	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-13448	51	5	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13448	51	6	2012	2012	NUM
spir-13448	51	7	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13448	51	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	52	1	safety	safety	NOUN
spir-13448	52	2	valve	valve	NOUN
spir-13448	52	3	or	or	CCONJ
spir-13448	52	4	pressure	pressure	NOUN
spir-13448	52	5	cooker	cooker	NOUN
spir-13448	52	6	?	?	PUNCT
spir-13448	53	1	blogs	blog	NOUN
spir-13448	53	2	in	in	ADP
spir-13448	53	3	chinese	chinese	ADJ
spir-13448	53	4	political	political	ADJ
spir-13448	53	5	life	life	NOUN
spir-13448	53	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	54	1	journal	journal	NOUN
spir-13448	54	2	of	of	ADP
spir-13448	54	3	communication	communication	NOUN
spir-13448	54	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	54	5	62(2	62(2	NUM
spir-13448	54	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13448	54	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	54	8	212–230	212–230	NUM
spir-13448	54	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	55	1	https://doi.org/10.1111/j.14602466.2012.01634.x	https://doi.org/10.1111/j.14602466.2012.01634.x	X
spir-13448	55	2	ho	ho	PROPN
spir-13448	55	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	55	4	p.	p.	NOUN
spir-13448	55	5	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13448	55	6	2018	2018	NUM
spir-13448	55	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	55	8	april	april	PROPN
spir-13448	55	9	12	12	NUM
spir-13448	55	10	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13448	55	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	56	1	jokes	joke	NOUN
spir-13448	56	2	app	app	PROPN
spir-13448	56	3	neihan	neihan	PROPN
spir-13448	56	4	duanzi	duanzi	PROPN
spir-13448	56	5	shuttered	shuttered	ADJ
spir-13448	56	6	by	by	ADP
spir-13448	56	7	china	china	PROPN
spir-13448	56	8	’s	’s	PART
spir-13448	56	9	media	medium	NOUN
spir-13448	56	10	regulator	regulator	NOUN
spir-13448	56	11	for	for	ADP
spir-13448	56	12	“	"	PUNCT
spir-13448	56	13	vulgarity	vulgarity	NOUN
spir-13448	56	14	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	56	15	”	"	PUNCT
spir-13448	57	1	sup	sup	PROPN
spir-13448	57	2	china	china	PROPN
spir-13448	57	3	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	58	1	https://supchina.com/2018/04/12/jokes-app-neihan-duanzi	https://supchina.com/2018/04/12/jokes-app-neihan-duanzi	PROPN
spir-13448	58	2	shuttered	shutter	VERB
spir-13448	58	3	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13448	58	4	by	by	ADP
spir-13448	58	5	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13448	58	6	chinas	chinas	NOUN
spir-13448	58	7	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13448	58	8	media	medium	NOUN
spir-13448	58	9	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13448	58	10	regulator	regulator	NOUN
spir-13448	58	11	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13448	58	12	for	for	ADP
spir-13448	58	13	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13448	58	14	vulgarity/	vulgarity/	NUM
spir-13448	58	15	light	light	NOUN
spir-13448	58	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	58	17	b.	b.	PROPN
spir-13448	58	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	58	19	burgess	burgess	PROPN
spir-13448	58	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	58	21	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-13448	58	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	58	23	&	&	CCONJ
spir-13448	58	24	duguay	duguay	PROPN
spir-13448	58	25	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	58	26	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-13448	58	27	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13448	58	28	2018	2018	NUM
spir-13448	58	29	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13448	58	30	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	59	1	the	the	DET
spir-13448	59	2	walkthrough	walkthrough	NOUN
spir-13448	59	3	method	method	NOUN
spir-13448	59	4	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13448	59	5	an	an	DET
spir-13448	59	6	approach	approach	NOUN
spir-13448	59	7	to	to	ADP
spir-13448	59	8	the	the	DET
spir-13448	59	9	study	study	NOUN
spir-13448	59	10	of	of	ADP
spir-13448	59	11	apps	app	NOUN
spir-13448	59	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	60	1	new	new	ADJ
spir-13448	60	2	media	medium	NOUN
spir-13448	60	3	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13448	60	4	society	society	NOUN
spir-13448	60	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	60	6	20(3	20(3	NOUN
spir-13448	60	7	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13448	60	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	60	9	881–900	881–900	NUM
spir-13448	60	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	61	1	https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444816675438	https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444816675438	PROPN
spir-13448	61	2	pang	pang	NOUN
spir-13448	61	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	61	4	h.	h.	PROPN
spir-13448	61	5	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13448	61	6	2022	2022	NUM
spir-13448	61	7	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13448	61	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	62	1	can	can	AUX
spir-13448	62	2	wechat	wechat	PRON
spir-13448	62	3	really	really	ADV
spir-13448	62	4	foster	foster	VERB
spir-13448	62	5	young	young	ADJ
spir-13448	62	6	people	people	NOUN
spir-13448	62	7	’s	’s	PART
spir-13448	62	8	civic	civic	ADJ
spir-13448	62	9	engagement	engagement	NOUN
spir-13448	62	10	?	?	PUNCT
spir-13448	63	1	unraveling	unravel	VERB
spir-13448	63	2	an	an	DET
spir-13448	63	3	underlying	underlying	ADJ
spir-13448	63	4	mechanism	mechanism	NOUN
spir-13448	63	5	from	from	ADP
spir-13448	63	6	the	the	DET
spir-13448	63	7	social	social	ADJ
spir-13448	63	8	capital	capital	NOUN
spir-13448	63	9	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
spir-13448	63	10	perspective	perspective	NOUN
spir-13448	63	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	64	1	aslib	aslib	PROPN
spir-13448	64	2	journal	journal	PROPN
spir-13448	64	3	of	of	ADP
spir-13448	64	4	information	information	NOUN
spir-13448	64	5	management	management	NOUN
spir-13448	64	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	65	1	https://doi.org/10.1108/ajim-07-2021-0204	https://doi.org/10.1108/ajim-07-2021-0204	PROPN
spir-13448	65	2	pearce	pearce	PROPN
spir-13448	65	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	65	4	özkula	özkula	NOUN
spir-13448	65	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	65	6	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-13448	65	7	m.	m.	PROPN
spir-13448	65	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	65	9	greene	greene	PROPN
spir-13448	65	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	65	11	a.	a.	PROPN
spir-13448	65	12	k.	k.	PROPN
spir-13448	65	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	65	14	teeling	teeling	ADJ
spir-13448	65	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	65	16	l.	l.	PROPN
spir-13448	65	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	65	18	bansard	bansard	NOUN
spir-13448	65	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	65	20	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-13448	65	21	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-13448	65	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	65	23	omena	omena	PROPN
spir-13448	65	24	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	65	25	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-13448	65	26	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-13448	65	27	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	65	28	&	&	CCONJ
spir-13448	65	29	rabello	rabello	PROPN
spir-13448	65	30	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	65	31	e.	e.	PROPN
spir-13448	65	32	t.	t.	PROPN
spir-13448	65	33	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13448	65	34	2020	2020	NUM
spir-13448	65	35	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13448	65	36	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	66	1	visual	visual	ADJ
spir-13448	66	2	cross	cross	ADJ
spir-13448	66	3	-	-	ADJ
spir-13448	66	4	platform	platform	ADJ
spir-13448	66	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-13448	66	6	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13448	66	7	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-13448	66	8	methods	method	NOUN
spir-13448	66	9	to	to	PART
spir-13448	66	10	research	research	VERB
spir-13448	66	11	social	social	ADJ
spir-13448	66	12	media	medium	NOUN
spir-13448	66	13	images	image	NOUN
spir-13448	66	14	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	67	1	information	information	NOUN
spir-13448	67	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	67	3	communication	communication	NOUN
spir-13448	67	4	&	&	CCONJ
spir-13448	67	5	society	society	NOUN
spir-13448	67	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	67	7	23(2	23(2	NOUN
spir-13448	67	8	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13448	67	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	67	10	161–180	161–180	NUM
spir-13448	67	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	68	1	pink	pink	ADJ
spir-13448	68	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	69	1	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-13448	69	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	69	3	horst	horst	PROPN
spir-13448	69	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	69	5	h.	h.	PROPN
spir-13448	69	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	69	7	postill	postill	PROPN
spir-13448	69	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	69	9	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-13448	69	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	69	11	hjorth	hjorth	PROPN
spir-13448	69	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	69	13	l.	l.	PROPN
spir-13448	69	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	69	15	levis	levis	PROPN
spir-13448	69	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	69	17	t.	t.	PROPN
spir-13448	69	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	69	19	tacchi	tacchi	PROPN
spir-13448	69	20	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	69	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	69	22	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-13448	69	23	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13448	69	24	2016	2016	NUM
spir-13448	69	25	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13448	69	26	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	70	1	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-13448	70	2	ethnograpy	ethnograpy	NOUN
spir-13448	70	3	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	71	1	sage	sage	NOUN
spir-13448	71	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	72	1	wasserstrom	wasserstrom	PROPN
spir-13448	72	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	72	3	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-13448	72	4	n.	n.	PROPN
spir-13448	72	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	72	6	&	&	CCONJ
spir-13448	72	7	perry	perry	PROPN
spir-13448	72	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	72	9	e.	e.	PROPN
spir-13448	72	10	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-13448	72	11	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13448	72	12	2018	2018	NUM
spir-13448	72	13	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13448	72	14	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	73	1	popular	popular	ADJ
spir-13448	73	2	protest	protest	NOUN
spir-13448	73	3	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13448	73	4	political	political	ADJ
spir-13448	73	5	culture	culture	NOUN
spir-13448	73	6	in	in	ADP
spir-13448	73	7	modern	modern	ADJ
spir-13448	73	8	china	china	PROPN
spir-13448	73	9	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13448	73	10	second	second	ADJ
spir-13448	73	11	edition	edition	NOUN
spir-13448	73	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	73	13	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13448	73	14	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	74	1	routledge	routledge	PROPN
spir-13448	74	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	75	1	xenos	xenos	PROPN
spir-13448	75	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	75	3	m.	m.	NOUN
spir-13448	75	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	75	5	&	&	CCONJ
spir-13448	75	6	moy	moy	PROPN
spir-13448	75	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	75	8	p.	p.	NOUN
spir-13448	75	9	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13448	75	10	2007	2007	NUM
spir-13448	75	11	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13448	75	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	76	1	direct	direct	ADJ
spir-13448	76	2	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13448	76	3	differential	differential	ADJ
spir-13448	76	4	effects	effect	NOUN
spir-13448	76	5	of	of	ADP
spir-13448	76	6	the	the	DET
spir-13448	76	7	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-13448	76	8	on	on	ADP
spir-13448	76	9	political	political	ADJ
spir-13448	76	10	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13448	76	11	civic	civic	ADJ
spir-13448	76	12	engagement	engagement	NOUN
spir-13448	76	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	77	1	journal	journal	NOUN
spir-13448	77	2	of	of	ADP
spir-13448	77	3	communication	communication	NOUN
spir-13448	77	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	77	5	57(4	57(4	NUM
spir-13448	77	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13448	77	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13448	77	8	704–718	704–718	NUM
spir-13448	77	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13448	78	1	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-13448	78	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13448	78	3	10.1111	10.1111	NUM
spir-13448	78	4	/	/	SYM
spir-13448	78	5	j.14602466.2007.00364	j.14602466.2007.00364	PROPN
spir-13448	78	6	.	.	PUNCT