id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
spir-13519	1	1	selected	select	VERB
spir-13519	1	2	papers	paper	NOUN
spir-13519	1	3	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	1	4	#	#	SYM
spir-13519	1	5	aoir2023	aoir2023	PROPN
spir-13519	1	6	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13519	1	7	the	the	DET
spir-13519	1	8	24th	24th	ADJ
spir-13519	1	9	annual	annual	ADJ
spir-13519	1	10	conference	conference	NOUN
spir-13519	1	11	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	1	12	the	the	DET
spir-13519	1	13	association	association	NOUN
spir-13519	1	14	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	1	15	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-13519	1	16	researchers	researcher	NOUN
spir-13519	1	17	philadelphia	philadelphia	PROPN
spir-13519	1	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	1	19	pa	pa	PROPN
spir-13519	1	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	1	21	usa	usa	PROPN
spir-13519	1	22	/	/	SYM
spir-13519	1	23	18	18	NUM
spir-13519	1	24	-	-	SYM
spir-13519	1	25	21	21	NUM
spir-13519	1	26	oct	oct	PROPN
spir-13519	1	27	2023	2023	NUM
spir-13519	1	28	suggested	suggest	VERB
spir-13519	1	29	citation	citation	NOUN
spir-13519	1	30	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	1	31	apa	apa	PROPN
spir-13519	1	32	):	):	PUNCT
spir-13519	1	33	zhu	zhu	PROPN
spir-13519	1	34	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	1	35	g.	g.	PROPN
spir-13519	1	36	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	1	37	graham	graham	PROPN
spir-13519	1	38	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	1	39	t.	t.	PROPN
spir-13519	1	40	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	1	41	whelan	whelan	PROPN
spir-13519	1	42	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	1	43	shamy	shamy	PROPN
spir-13519	1	44	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	1	45	d.	d.	PROPN
spir-13519	1	46	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	1	47	fleet	fleet	PROPN
spir-13519	1	48	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	1	49	r.	r.	PROPN
spir-13519	1	50	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	1	51	2023	2023	NUM
spir-13519	1	52	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	1	53	october	october	PROPN
spir-13519	1	54	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	1	55	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	2	1	revealing	reveal	VERB
spir-13519	2	2	image	image	NOUN
spir-13519	2	3	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	2	4	based	base	VERB
spir-13519	2	5	coordination	coordination	NOUN
spir-13519	2	6	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	2	7	social	social	ADJ
spir-13519	2	8	media	medium	NOUN
spir-13519	2	9	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13519	2	10	a	a	DET
spir-13519	2	11	case	case	NOUN
spir-13519	2	12	study	study	NOUN
spir-13519	2	13	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	2	14	pro	pro	ADJ
spir-13519	2	15	-	-	ADJ
spir-13519	2	16	russian	russian	ADJ
spir-13519	2	17	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-13519	2	18	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
spir-13519	2	19	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	3	1	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-13519	3	2	presented	present	VERB
spir-13519	3	3	at	at	ADP
spir-13519	3	4	aoir2023	aoir2023	PROPN
spir-13519	3	5	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13519	3	6	the	the	DET
spir-13519	3	7	24th	24th	ADJ
spir-13519	3	8	annual	annual	ADJ
spir-13519	3	9	conference	conference	NOUN
spir-13519	3	10	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	3	11	the	the	DET
spir-13519	3	12	association	association	NOUN
spir-13519	3	13	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	3	14	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-13519	3	15	researchers	researcher	NOUN
spir-13519	3	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	4	1	philadelphia	philadelphia	PROPN
spir-13519	4	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	4	3	pa	pa	PROPN
spir-13519	4	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	4	5	usa	usa	PROPN
spir-13519	4	6	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13519	4	7	aoir	aoir	NOUN
spir-13519	4	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	4	9	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
spir-13519	4	10	from	from	ADP
spir-13519	4	11	http://spir.aoir.org	http://spir.aoir.org	ADJ
spir-13519	4	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	5	1	revealing	reveal	VERB
spir-13519	5	2	multimodal	multimodal	NOUN
spir-13519	5	3	coordination	coordination	NOUN
spir-13519	5	4	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	5	5	social	social	ADJ
spir-13519	5	6	media	medium	NOUN
spir-13519	5	7	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13519	5	8	a	a	DET
spir-13519	5	9	case	case	NOUN
spir-13519	5	10	study	study	NOUN
spir-13519	5	11	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	5	12	pro	pro	ADJ
spir-13519	5	13	-	-	ADJ
spir-13519	5	14	russian	russian	ADJ
spir-13519	5	15	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-13519	5	16	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
spir-13519	5	17	revealing	reveal	VERB
spir-13519	5	18	multimodal	multimodal	ADJ
spir-13519	5	19	guangnan	guangnan	NOUN
spir-13519	5	20	zhu	zhu	PROPN
spir-13519	5	21	queensland	queensland	PROPN
spir-13519	5	22	university	university	PROPN
spir-13519	5	23	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	5	24	technology	technology	PROPN
spir-13519	5	25	timothy	timothy	PROPN
spir-13519	5	26	graham	graham	PROPN
spir-13519	5	27	queensland	queensland	PROPN
spir-13519	5	28	university	university	PROPN
spir-13519	5	29	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	5	30	technology	technology	PROPN
spir-13519	5	31	daniel	daniel	PROPN
spir-13519	5	32	whelan	whelan	PROPN
spir-13519	5	33	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	5	34	shamy	shamy	PROPN
spir-13519	5	35	queensland	queensland	PROPN
spir-13519	5	36	university	university	PROPN
spir-13519	5	37	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	5	38	technology	technology	PROPN
spir-13519	5	39	robert	robert	PROPN
spir-13519	5	40	fleet	fleet	PROPN
spir-13519	5	41	queensland	queensland	PROPN
spir-13519	5	42	university	university	PROPN
spir-13519	5	43	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	5	44	technology	technology	NOUN
spir-13519	5	45	abstract	abstract	PROPN
spir-13519	5	46	coordinated	coordinate	VERB
spir-13519	5	47	online	online	ADJ
spir-13519	5	48	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-13519	5	49	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
spir-13519	5	50	are	be	AUX
spir-13519	5	51	by	by	ADP
spir-13519	5	52	nature	nature	NOUN
spir-13519	5	53	difficult	difficult	ADJ
spir-13519	5	54	to	to	PART
spir-13519	5	55	detect	detect	VERB
spir-13519	5	56	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	6	1	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	6	2	response	response	NOUN
spir-13519	6	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	6	4	communication	communication	NOUN
spir-13519	6	5	scholars	scholar	NOUN
spir-13519	6	6	have	have	AUX
spir-13519	6	7	developed	develop	VERB
spir-13519	6	8	a	a	DET
spir-13519	6	9	range	range	NOUN
spir-13519	6	10	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	6	11	methods	method	NOUN
spir-13519	6	12	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	6	13	analytical	analytical	ADJ
spir-13519	6	14	frameworks	framework	NOUN
spir-13519	6	15	to	to	PART
spir-13519	6	16	discover	discover	VERB
spir-13519	6	17	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	6	18	analyse	analyse	VERB
spir-13519	6	19	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-13519	6	20	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
spir-13519	6	21	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	7	1	the	the	DET
spir-13519	7	2	use	use	NOUN
spir-13519	7	3	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	7	4	social	social	ADJ
spir-13519	7	5	network	network	NOUN
spir-13519	7	6	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-13519	7	7	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	7	8	sna	sna	PROPN
spir-13519	7	9	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	7	10	to	to	PART
spir-13519	7	11	find	find	VERB
spir-13519	7	12	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	7	13	map	map	VERB
spir-13519	7	14	coordinated	coordinated	ADJ
spir-13519	7	15	behavioural	behavioural	ADJ
spir-13519	7	16	patterns	pattern	NOUN
spir-13519	7	17	has	have	AUX
spir-13519	7	18	become	become	VERB
spir-13519	7	19	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
spir-13519	7	20	popular	popular	ADJ
spir-13519	7	21	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	7	22	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
spir-13519	7	23	effective	effective	ADJ
spir-13519	7	24	results	result	NOUN
spir-13519	7	25	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	8	1	however	however	ADV
spir-13519	8	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	8	3	these	these	DET
spir-13519	8	4	methods	method	NOUN
spir-13519	8	5	are	be	AUX
spir-13519	8	6	designed	design	VERB
spir-13519	8	7	for	for	ADP
spir-13519	8	8	text	text	NOUN
spir-13519	8	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	8	10	behavioural	behavioural	ADJ
spir-13519	8	11	but	but	CCONJ
spir-13519	8	12	miss	miss	VERB
spir-13519	8	13	an	an	DET
spir-13519	8	14	important	important	ADJ
spir-13519	8	15	aspect	aspect	NOUN
spir-13519	8	16	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	8	17	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-13519	8	18	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
spir-13519	8	19	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13519	8	20	image	image	NOUN
spir-13519	8	21	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	8	22	based	base	VERB
spir-13519	8	23	coordination	coordination	NOUN
spir-13519	8	24	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	9	1	this	this	DET
spir-13519	9	2	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-13519	9	3	examines	examine	VERB
spir-13519	9	4	this	this	DET
spir-13519	9	5	gap	gap	NOUN
spir-13519	9	6	by	by	ADP
spir-13519	9	7	introducing	introduce	VERB
spir-13519	9	8	a	a	DET
spir-13519	9	9	multimodal	multimodal	ADJ
spir-13519	9	10	network	network	NOUN
spir-13519	9	11	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-13519	9	12	framework	framework	NOUN
spir-13519	9	13	to	to	PART
spir-13519	9	14	map	map	VERB
spir-13519	9	15	coordinated	coordinated	ADJ
spir-13519	9	16	retweeting	retweete	VERB
spir-13519	9	17	behaviour	behaviour	NOUN
spir-13519	9	18	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	9	19	coordinated	coordinated	ADJ
spir-13519	9	20	image	image	NOUN
spir-13519	9	21	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	9	22	sharing	sharing	NOUN
spir-13519	9	23	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	10	1	we	we	PRON
spir-13519	10	2	show	show	VERB
spir-13519	10	3	that	that	SCONJ
spir-13519	10	4	image	image	NOUN
spir-13519	10	5	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	10	6	based	base	VERB
spir-13519	10	7	coordination	coordination	NOUN
spir-13519	10	8	is	be	AUX
spir-13519	10	9	both	both	CCONJ
spir-13519	10	10	widespread	widespread	ADJ
spir-13519	10	11	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	10	12	different	different	ADJ
spir-13519	10	13	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	10	14	structure	structure	NOUN
spir-13519	10	15	to	to	ADP
spir-13519	10	16	other	other	ADJ
spir-13519	10	17	forms	form	NOUN
spir-13519	10	18	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	10	19	coordination	coordination	NOUN
spir-13519	10	20	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	11	1	this	this	PRON
spir-13519	11	2	is	be	AUX
spir-13519	11	3	important	important	ADJ
spir-13519	11	4	because	because	SCONJ
spir-13519	11	5	it	it	PRON
spir-13519	11	6	highlights	highlight	VERB
spir-13519	11	7	a	a	DET
spir-13519	11	8	major	major	ADJ
spir-13519	11	9	gap	gap	NOUN
spir-13519	11	10	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	11	11	research	research	NOUN
spir-13519	11	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	11	13	where	where	SCONJ
spir-13519	11	14	text	text	NOUN
spir-13519	11	15	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	11	16	based	base	VERB
spir-13519	11	17	computational	computational	ADJ
spir-13519	11	18	methods	method	NOUN
spir-13519	11	19	are	be	AUX
spir-13519	11	20	not	not	PART
spir-13519	11	21	suited	suit	VERB
spir-13519	11	22	to	to	ADP
spir-13519	11	23	detecting	detect	VERB
spir-13519	11	24	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	11	25	analysing	analyse	VERB
spir-13519	11	26	the	the	DET
spir-13519	11	27	scale	scale	NOUN
spir-13519	11	28	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	11	29	scope	scope	NOUN
spir-13519	11	30	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	11	31	visual	visual	ADJ
spir-13519	11	32	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-13519	11	33	on	on	ADP
spir-13519	11	34	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-13519	11	35	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	12	1	to	to	PART
spir-13519	12	2	address	address	VERB
spir-13519	12	3	this	this	PRON
spir-13519	12	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	12	5	we	we	PRON
spir-13519	12	6	suggest	suggest	VERB
spir-13519	12	7	new	new	ADJ
spir-13519	12	8	methods	method	NOUN
spir-13519	12	9	to	to	PART
spir-13519	12	10	complement	complement	VERB
spir-13519	12	11	existing	exist	VERB
spir-13519	12	12	approaches	approach	NOUN
spir-13519	12	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	12	14	using	use	VERB
spir-13519	12	15	deep	deep	ADJ
spir-13519	12	16	learning	learning	NOUN
spir-13519	12	17	models	model	NOUN
spir-13519	12	18	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	12	19	advanced	advance	VERB
spir-13519	12	20	sna	sna	PROPN
spir-13519	12	21	to	to	PART
spir-13519	12	22	detect	detect	VERB
spir-13519	12	23	image	image	NOUN
spir-13519	12	24	similarity	similarity	NOUN
spir-13519	12	25	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	13	1	the	the	DET
spir-13519	13	2	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-13519	13	3	concludes	conclude	VERB
spir-13519	13	4	with	with	ADP
spir-13519	13	5	a	a	DET
spir-13519	13	6	reflection	reflection	NOUN
spir-13519	13	7	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	13	8	limitations	limitation	NOUN
spir-13519	13	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	13	10	suggestions	suggestion	NOUN
spir-13519	13	11	for	for	ADP
spir-13519	13	12	the	the	DET
spir-13519	13	13	next	next	ADJ
spir-13519	13	14	steps	step	NOUN
spir-13519	13	15	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	14	1	introduction	introduction	NOUN
spir-13519	14	2	the	the	DET
spir-13519	14	3	growing	grow	VERB
spir-13519	14	4	prevalence	prevalence	NOUN
spir-13519	14	5	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	14	6	online	online	ADJ
spir-13519	14	7	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-13519	14	8	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
spir-13519	14	9	that	that	PRON
spir-13519	14	10	spread	spread	VERB
spir-13519	14	11	false	false	ADJ
spir-13519	14	12	or	or	CCONJ
spir-13519	14	13	misleading	misleading	ADJ
spir-13519	14	14	information	information	NOUN
spir-13519	14	15	on	on	ADP
spir-13519	14	16	social	social	ADJ
spir-13519	14	17	media	medium	NOUN
spir-13519	14	18	has	have	AUX
spir-13519	14	19	become	become	VERB
spir-13519	14	20	one	one	NUM
spir-13519	14	21	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	14	22	the	the	DET
spir-13519	14	23	main	main	ADJ
spir-13519	14	24	threats	threat	NOUN
spir-13519	14	25	to	to	ADP
spir-13519	14	26	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-13519	14	27	integrity	integrity	NOUN
spir-13519	14	28	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	14	29	trust	trust	NOUN
spir-13519	14	30	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	14	31	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	14	32	safety	safety	NOUN
spir-13519	14	33	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	15	1	new	new	ADJ
spir-13519	15	2	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	15	3	emerging	emerge	VERB
spir-13519	15	4	scholarship	scholarship	NOUN
spir-13519	15	5	has	have	AUX
spir-13519	15	6	begun	begin	VERB
spir-13519	15	7	to	to	PART
spir-13519	15	8	focus	focus	VERB
spir-13519	15	9	on	on	ADP
spir-13519	15	10	the	the	DET
spir-13519	15	11	group	group	NOUN
spir-13519	15	12	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	15	13	wise	wise	ADJ
spir-13519	15	14	interactions	interaction	NOUN
spir-13519	15	15	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	15	16	organizational	organizational	ADJ
spir-13519	15	17	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
spir-13519	15	18	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	15	19	these	these	DET
spir-13519	15	20	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-13519	15	21	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
spir-13519	15	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	15	23	which	which	DET
spir-13519	15	24	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-13519	15	25	characterize	characterize	VERB
spir-13519	15	26	as	as	ADP
spir-13519	15	27	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-13519	15	28	coordinated	coordinated	ADJ
spir-13519	15	29	inauthentic	inauthentic	ADJ
spir-13519	15	30	behaviour	behaviour	NOUN
spir-13519	15	31	’	'	PUNCT
spir-13519	15	32	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	15	33	cib	cib	PROPN
spir-13519	15	34	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	15	35	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	15	36	gleicher	gleicher	NOUN
spir-13519	15	37	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	15	38	2019	2019	NUM
spir-13519	15	39	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	15	40	a	a	DET
spir-13519	15	41	group	group	NOUN
spir-13519	15	42	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	15	43	diverse	diverse	ADJ
spir-13519	15	44	actors	actor	NOUN
spir-13519	15	45	act	act	VERB
spir-13519	15	46	together	together	ADV
spir-13519	15	47	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	15	48	organized	organized	ADJ
spir-13519	15	49	ways	way	NOUN
spir-13519	15	50	to	to	PART
spir-13519	15	51	exert	exert	VERB
spir-13519	15	52	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	15	53	amplify	amplify	VERB
spir-13519	15	54	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-13519	15	55	on	on	ADP
spir-13519	15	56	a	a	DET
spir-13519	15	57	large	large	ADJ
spir-13519	15	58	number	number	NOUN
spir-13519	15	59	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	15	60	targeted	target	VERB
spir-13519	15	61	users	user	NOUN
spir-13519	15	62	on	on	ADP
spir-13519	15	63	online	online	ADJ
spir-13519	15	64	social	social	ADJ
spir-13519	15	65	media	medium	NOUN
spir-13519	15	66	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	16	1	nevertheless	nevertheless	ADV
spir-13519	16	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	16	3	previous	previous	ADJ
spir-13519	16	4	studies	study	NOUN
spir-13519	16	5	on	on	ADP
spir-13519	16	6	cib	cib	PROPN
spir-13519	16	7	mainly	mainly	ADV
spir-13519	16	8	focus	focus	VERB
spir-13519	16	9	on	on	ADP
spir-13519	16	10	text	text	NOUN
spir-13519	16	11	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	16	12	based	base	VERB
spir-13519	16	13	coordinated	coordinated	ADJ
spir-13519	16	14	behaviour	behaviour	NOUN
spir-13519	16	15	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	16	16	ignore	ignore	VERB
spir-13519	16	17	the	the	DET
spir-13519	16	18	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-13519	16	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	16	20	harms	harm	NOUN
spir-13519	16	21	driven	drive	VERB
spir-13519	16	22	by	by	ADP
spir-13519	16	23	the	the	DET
spir-13519	16	24	semantic	semantic	ADJ
spir-13519	16	25	false	false	ADJ
spir-13519	16	26	content	content	NOUN
spir-13519	16	27	embedded	embed	VERB
spir-13519	16	28	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	16	29	images	image	NOUN
spir-13519	16	30	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	17	1	figure	figure	NOUN
spir-13519	17	2	1	1	NUM
spir-13519	17	3	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	18	1	pro	pro	ADJ
spir-13519	18	2	-	-	ADJ
spir-13519	18	3	russian	russian	ADJ
spir-13519	18	4	images	image	NOUN
spir-13519	18	5	shared	share	VERB
spir-13519	18	6	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	18	7	the	the	DET
spir-13519	18	8	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-13519	18	9	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
spir-13519	18	10	from	from	ADP
spir-13519	18	11	the	the	DET
spir-13519	18	12	russiaukraine	russiaukraine	PROPN
spir-13519	18	13	war	war	NOUN
spir-13519	18	14	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	19	1	this	this	PRON
spir-13519	19	2	is	be	AUX
spir-13519	19	3	problematic	problematic	ADJ
spir-13519	19	4	given	give	VERB
spir-13519	19	5	that	that	SCONJ
spir-13519	19	6	images	image	NOUN
spir-13519	19	7	nowadays	nowadays	ADV
spir-13519	19	8	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
spir-13519	19	9	play	play	VERB
spir-13519	19	10	a	a	DET
spir-13519	19	11	dominant	dominant	ADJ
spir-13519	19	12	role	role	NOUN
spir-13519	19	13	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	19	14	political	political	ADJ
spir-13519	19	15	mobilisation	mobilisation	NOUN
spir-13519	19	16	as	as	SCONJ
spir-13519	19	17	image	image	NOUN
spir-13519	19	18	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	19	19	based	base	VERB
spir-13519	19	20	content	content	NOUN
spir-13519	19	21	more	more	ADV
spir-13519	19	22	easily	easily	ADV
spir-13519	19	23	conveys	convey	VERB
spir-13519	19	24	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	19	25	expresses	express	VERB
spir-13519	19	26	people	people	NOUN
spir-13519	19	27	’s	’s	PART
spir-13519	19	28	sentiments	sentiment	NOUN
spir-13519	19	29	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	19	30	opinions	opinion	NOUN
spir-13519	19	31	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	19	32	johnson	johnson	PROPN
spir-13519	19	33	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	19	34	2007	2007	NUM
spir-13519	19	35	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	19	36	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	19	37	the	the	DET
spir-13519	19	38	context	context	NOUN
spir-13519	19	39	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	19	40	the	the	DET
spir-13519	19	41	current	current	ADJ
spir-13519	19	42	online	online	ADJ
spir-13519	19	43	sphere	sphere	NOUN
spir-13519	19	44	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	19	45	heiskanen	heiskanen	NOUN
spir-13519	19	46	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	19	47	2017	2017	NUM
spir-13519	19	48	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	19	49	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	20	1	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	20	2	fact	fact	NOUN
spir-13519	20	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	20	4	images	image	NOUN
spir-13519	20	5	are	be	AUX
spir-13519	20	6	easy	easy	ADJ
spir-13519	20	7	o	o	X
spir-13519	20	8	manipulate	manipulate	NOUN
spir-13519	20	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	20	10	those	those	PRON
spir-13519	20	11	that	that	PRON
spir-13519	20	12	contain	contain	VERB
spir-13519	20	13	problematic	problematic	ADJ
spir-13519	20	14	and/or	and/or	CCONJ
spir-13519	20	15	false	false	ADJ
spir-13519	20	16	content	content	NOUN
spir-13519	20	17	often	often	ADV
spir-13519	20	18	escape	escape	VERB
spir-13519	20	19	traditional	traditional	ADJ
spir-13519	20	20	detection	detection	NOUN
spir-13519	20	21	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	20	22	thomson	thomson	NOUN
spir-13519	20	23	et	et	PROPN
spir-13519	20	24	al	al	PROPN
spir-13519	20	25	.	.	PROPN
spir-13519	20	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	20	27	2022	2022	NUM
spir-13519	20	28	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	20	29	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	21	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
spir-13519	21	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	21	3	images	image	NOUN
spir-13519	21	4	that	that	PRON
spir-13519	21	5	do	do	AUX
spir-13519	21	6	not	not	PART
spir-13519	21	7	represent	represent	VERB
spir-13519	21	8	false	false	ADJ
spir-13519	21	9	or	or	CCONJ
spir-13519	21	10	misleading	misleading	ADJ
spir-13519	21	11	information	information	NOUN
spir-13519	21	12	can	can	AUX
spir-13519	21	13	be	be	AUX
spir-13519	21	14	deor	deor	VERB
spir-13519	21	15	re	re	VERB
spir-13519	21	16	-	-	VERB
spir-13519	21	17	contextualized	contextualized	ADJ
spir-13519	21	18	to	to	PART
spir-13519	21	19	support	support	VERB
spir-13519	21	20	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	21	21	spread	spread	ADJ
spir-13519	21	22	malinformation	malinformation	NOUN
spir-13519	21	23	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	21	24	wardle	wardle	NOUN
spir-13519	21	25	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	21	26	2022	2022	NUM
spir-13519	21	27	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	21	28	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	21	29	evading	evade	VERB
spir-13519	21	30	the	the	DET
spir-13519	21	31	detection	detection	NOUN
spir-13519	21	32	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	21	33	both	both	DET
spir-13519	21	34	researchers	researcher	NOUN
spir-13519	21	35	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	21	36	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-13519	21	37	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	22	1	the	the	DET
spir-13519	22	2	widespread	widespread	ADJ
spir-13519	22	3	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	22	4	visual	visual	ADJ
spir-13519	22	5	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-13519	22	6	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
spir-13519	22	7	such	such	ADJ
spir-13519	22	8	as	as	ADP
spir-13519	22	9	meme	meme	NOUN
spir-13519	22	10	warfare	warfare	NOUN
spir-13519	22	11	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	22	12	merrin	merrin	NOUN
spir-13519	22	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	22	14	2019	2019	NUM
spir-13519	22	15	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	22	16	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	22	17	fake	fake	ADJ
spir-13519	22	18	'	'	PUNCT
spir-13519	22	19	fact	fact	NOUN
spir-13519	22	20	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	22	21	checking	checking	NOUN
spir-13519	22	22	'	'	PUNCT
spir-13519	22	23	infographics	infographic	NOUN
spir-13519	22	24	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	22	25	romero	romero	NOUN
spir-13519	22	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	22	27	2022	2022	NUM
spir-13519	22	28	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	22	29	are	be	AUX
spir-13519	22	30	frequent	frequent	ADJ
spir-13519	22	31	practices	practice	NOUN
spir-13519	22	32	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	22	33	coordinated	coordinate	VERB
spir-13519	22	34	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-13519	22	35	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
spir-13519	22	36	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	22	37	conspiracy	conspiracy	NOUN
spir-13519	22	38	theory	theory	NOUN
spir-13519	22	39	groups	group	NOUN
spir-13519	22	40	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	22	41	krafft	krafft	PROPN
spir-13519	22	42	&	&	CCONJ
spir-13519	22	43	donovan	donovan	PROPN
spir-13519	22	44	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	22	45	2019	2019	NUM
spir-13519	22	46	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	22	47	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	23	1	for	for	ADP
spir-13519	23	2	instance	instance	NOUN
spir-13519	23	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	23	4	several	several	ADJ
spir-13519	23	5	pro	pro	ADJ
spir-13519	23	6	-	-	ADJ
spir-13519	23	7	russia	russia	ADJ
spir-13519	23	8	images	image	NOUN
spir-13519	23	9	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	23	10	the	the	DET
spir-13519	23	11	form	form	NOUN
spir-13519	23	12	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	23	13	memes	meme	NOUN
spir-13519	23	14	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	23	15	infograph	infograph	NOUN
spir-13519	23	16	are	be	AUX
spir-13519	23	17	posted	post	VERB
spir-13519	23	18	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	23	19	shared	share	VERB
spir-13519	23	20	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	23	21	the	the	DET
spir-13519	23	22	pro	pro	ADJ
spir-13519	23	23	-	-	ADJ
spir-13519	23	24	putin	putin	ADJ
spir-13519	23	25	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	23	26	#	#	NOUN
spir-13519	23	27	istandwithputin	istandwithputin	NOUN
spir-13519	23	28	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	23	29	communities	community	NOUN
spir-13519	23	30	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	23	31	figure	figure	NOUN
spir-13519	23	32	1	1	NUM
spir-13519	23	33	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	23	34	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	24	1	this	this	DET
spir-13519	24	2	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-13519	24	3	presents	present	VERB
spir-13519	24	4	a	a	DET
spir-13519	24	5	novel	novel	ADJ
spir-13519	24	6	study	study	NOUN
spir-13519	24	7	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	24	8	studying	study	VERB
spir-13519	24	9	image	image	NOUN
spir-13519	24	10	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	24	11	based	base	VERB
spir-13519	24	12	coordination	coordination	NOUN
spir-13519	24	13	network	network	NOUN
spir-13519	24	14	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	25	1	we	we	PRON
spir-13519	25	2	examine	examine	VERB
spir-13519	25	3	the	the	DET
spir-13519	25	4	recent	recent	ADJ
spir-13519	25	5	breakthroughs	breakthrough	NOUN
spir-13519	25	6	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	25	7	social	social	ADJ
spir-13519	25	8	network	network	NOUN
spir-13519	25	9	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-13519	25	10	for	for	ADP
spir-13519	25	11	detecting	detect	VERB
spir-13519	25	12	coordinated	coordinated	ADJ
spir-13519	25	13	activity	activity	NOUN
spir-13519	25	14	on	on	ADP
spir-13519	25	15	social	social	ADJ
spir-13519	25	16	media	medium	NOUN
spir-13519	25	17	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-13519	25	18	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	25	19	keller	keller	PROPN
spir-13519	25	20	et	et	PROPN
spir-13519	25	21	al	al	PROPN
spir-13519	25	22	.	.	PROPN
spir-13519	25	23	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	25	24	2019	2019	NUM
spir-13519	25	25	;	;	PUNCT
spir-13519	25	26	schoch	schoch	PROPN
spir-13519	25	27	et	et	PROPN
spir-13519	25	28	al	al	PROPN
spir-13519	25	29	.	.	PROPN
spir-13519	25	30	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	25	31	2022	2022	NUM
spir-13519	25	32	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	25	33	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	25	34	opensource	opensource	NOUN
spir-13519	25	35	toolkits	toolkit	NOUN
spir-13519	25	36	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	25	37	giglietto	giglietto	PROPN
spir-13519	25	38	et	et	PROPN
spir-13519	25	39	al	al	PROPN
spir-13519	25	40	.	.	PROPN
spir-13519	25	41	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	25	42	2020	2020	NUM
spir-13519	25	43	;	;	PUNCT
spir-13519	25	44	graham	graham	PROPN
spir-13519	25	45	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	25	46	2020	2020	NUM
spir-13519	25	47	;	;	PUNCT
spir-13519	25	48	righetti	righetti	VERB
spir-13519	25	49	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	25	50	2021	2021	NUM
spir-13519	25	51	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	25	52	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	26	1	given	give	VERB
spir-13519	26	2	these	these	DET
spir-13519	26	3	approaches	approach	NOUN
spir-13519	26	4	only	only	ADV
spir-13519	26	5	make	make	VERB
spir-13519	26	6	use	use	NOUN
spir-13519	26	7	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	26	8	text	text	NOUN
spir-13519	26	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	26	10	url	url	NOUN
spir-13519	26	11	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	26	12	based	base	VERB
spir-13519	26	13	data	datum	NOUN
spir-13519	26	14	as	as	ADV
spir-13519	26	15	well	well	ADV
spir-13519	26	16	as	as	ADP
spir-13519	26	17	behavioural	behavioural	ADJ
spir-13519	26	18	activities	activity	NOUN
spir-13519	26	19	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	26	20	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
spir-13519	26	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	26	22	retweeting	retweete	VERB
spir-13519	26	23	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	26	24	replying	replying	NOUN
spir-13519	26	25	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	26	26	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	26	27	are	be	AUX
spir-13519	26	28	poorly	poorly	ADV
spir-13519	26	29	suited	suit	VERB
spir-13519	26	30	to	to	ADP
spir-13519	26	31	image	image	NOUN
spir-13519	26	32	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	26	33	based	base	VERB
spir-13519	26	34	content	content	NOUN
spir-13519	26	35	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	26	36	online	online	ADJ
spir-13519	26	37	image	image	NOUN
spir-13519	26	38	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	26	39	sharing	share	VERB
spir-13519	26	40	behaviours	behaviour	NOUN
spir-13519	26	41	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	26	42	this	this	DET
spir-13519	26	43	study	study	NOUN
spir-13519	26	44	poses	pose	VERB
spir-13519	26	45	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	26	46	answers	answer	VERB
spir-13519	26	47	three	three	NUM
spir-13519	26	48	research	research	NOUN
spir-13519	26	49	questions	question	NOUN
spir-13519	26	50	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13519	27	1	1	1	X
spir-13519	27	2	.	.	X
spir-13519	27	3	how	how	SCONJ
spir-13519	27	4	can	can	AUX
spir-13519	27	5	coordination	coordination	NOUN
spir-13519	27	6	network	network	NOUN
spir-13519	27	7	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-13519	27	8	be	be	AUX
spir-13519	27	9	modified	modify	VERB
spir-13519	27	10	to	to	PART
spir-13519	27	11	incorporate	incorporate	VERB
spir-13519	27	12	image	image	NOUN
spir-13519	27	13	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	27	14	based	base	VERB
spir-13519	27	15	content	content	NOUN
spir-13519	27	16	?	?	PUNCT
spir-13519	28	1	2	2	X
spir-13519	28	2	.	.	X
spir-13519	28	3	how	how	SCONJ
spir-13519	28	4	does	do	AUX
spir-13519	28	5	the	the	DET
spir-13519	28	6	volume	volume	NOUN
spir-13519	28	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	28	8	network	network	NOUN
spir-13519	28	9	structure	structure	NOUN
spir-13519	28	10	differ	differ	VERB
spir-13519	28	11	between	between	ADP
spir-13519	28	12	coordinated	coordinated	ADJ
spir-13519	28	13	image	image	NOUN
spir-13519	28	14	sharing	sharing	NOUN
spir-13519	28	15	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	28	16	text	text	NOUN
spir-13519	28	17	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	28	18	based	base	VERB
spir-13519	28	19	tweeting	tweet	VERB
spir-13519	28	20	network	network	NOUN
spir-13519	28	21	?	?	PUNCT
spir-13519	29	1	3	3	X
spir-13519	29	2	.	.	X
spir-13519	29	3	how	how	SCONJ
spir-13519	29	4	can	can	AUX
spir-13519	29	5	we	we	PRON
spir-13519	29	6	develop	develop	VERB
spir-13519	29	7	methods	method	NOUN
spir-13519	29	8	for	for	ADP
spir-13519	29	9	detecting	detect	VERB
spir-13519	29	10	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	29	11	analysing	analyse	VERB
spir-13519	29	12	sets	set	NOUN
spir-13519	29	13	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	29	14	similar	similar	ADJ
spir-13519	29	15	images	image	NOUN
spir-13519	29	16	shared	share	VERB
spir-13519	29	17	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	29	18	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-13519	29	19	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
spir-13519	29	20	?	?	PUNCT
spir-13519	30	1	methods	method	NOUN
spir-13519	30	2	to	to	PART
spir-13519	30	3	address	address	VERB
spir-13519	30	4	our	our	PRON
spir-13519	30	5	research	research	NOUN
spir-13519	30	6	question	question	NOUN
spir-13519	30	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	30	8	construct	construct	VERB
spir-13519	30	9	image	image	NOUN
spir-13519	30	10	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	30	11	based	base	VERB
spir-13519	30	12	coordinated	coordinate	VERB
spir-13519	30	13	networks	network	NOUN
spir-13519	30	14	for	for	ADP
spir-13519	30	15	social	social	ADJ
spir-13519	30	16	network	network	NOUN
spir-13519	30	17	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-13519	30	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	30	19	we	we	PRON
spir-13519	30	20	have	have	AUX
spir-13519	30	21	enhanced	enhance	VERB
spir-13519	30	22	existing	exist	VERB
spir-13519	30	23	'	'	PUNCT
spir-13519	30	24	coordination	coordination	NOUN
spir-13519	30	25	network	network	NOUN
spir-13519	30	26	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-13519	30	27	'	'	PART
spir-13519	30	28	methodologies	methodology	NOUN
spir-13519	30	29	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	31	1	our	our	PRON
spir-13519	31	2	extension	extension	NOUN
spir-13519	31	3	allows	allow	VERB
spir-13519	31	4	for	for	ADP
spir-13519	31	5	the	the	DET
spir-13519	31	6	identification	identification	NOUN
spir-13519	31	7	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	31	8	accounts	account	NOUN
spir-13519	31	9	that	that	PRON
spir-13519	31	10	post	post	VERB
spir-13519	31	11	not	not	PART
spir-13519	31	12	only	only	ADV
spir-13519	31	13	similar	similar	ADJ
spir-13519	31	14	textual	textual	ADJ
spir-13519	31	15	content	content	NOUN
spir-13519	31	16	but	but	CCONJ
spir-13519	31	17	also	also	ADV
spir-13519	31	18	share	share	VERB
spir-13519	31	19	visual	visual	ADJ
spir-13519	31	20	content	content	NOUN
spir-13519	31	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	31	22	all	all	PRON
spir-13519	31	23	within	within	ADP
spir-13519	31	24	a	a	DET
spir-13519	31	25	short	short	ADJ
spir-13519	31	26	time	time	NOUN
spir-13519	31	27	frame	frame	NOUN
spir-13519	31	28	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	31	29	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
spir-13519	31	30	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	31	31	within	within	ADP
spir-13519	31	32	60	60	NUM
spir-13519	31	33	seconds	second	NOUN
spir-13519	31	34	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	31	35	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	32	1	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	32	2	our	our	PRON
spir-13519	32	3	approach	approach	NOUN
spir-13519	32	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	32	5	we	we	PRON
spir-13519	32	6	process	process	VERB
spir-13519	32	7	both	both	DET
spir-13519	32	8	textual	textual	ADJ
spir-13519	32	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	32	10	visual	visual	ADJ
spir-13519	32	11	data	datum	NOUN
spir-13519	32	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	32	13	converting	convert	VERB
spir-13519	32	14	them	they	PRON
spir-13519	32	15	into	into	ADP
spir-13519	32	16	embedding	embed	VERB
spir-13519	32	17	feature	feature	NOUN
spir-13519	32	18	vectors	vector	NOUN
spir-13519	32	19	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	33	1	for	for	ADP
spir-13519	33	2	the	the	DET
spir-13519	33	3	textual	textual	ADJ
spir-13519	33	4	data	datum	NOUN
spir-13519	33	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	33	6	we	we	PRON
spir-13519	33	7	utilize	utilize	VERB
spir-13519	33	8	a	a	DET
spir-13519	33	9	pretrained	pretraine	VERB
spir-13519	33	10	bert	bert	NOUN
spir-13519	33	11	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	33	12	based	base	VERB
spir-13519	33	13	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	33	14	bidirectional	bidirectional	ADJ
spir-13519	33	15	encoder	encoder	NOUN
spir-13519	33	16	representations	representation	VERB
spir-13519	33	17	from	from	ADP
spir-13519	33	18	transformers	transformer	NOUN
spir-13519	33	19	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	33	20	text	text	NOUN
spir-13519	33	21	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	33	22	embedding	embed	VERB
spir-13519	33	23	model	model	NOUN
spir-13519	33	24	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	34	1	for	for	ADP
spir-13519	34	2	the	the	DET
spir-13519	34	3	visual	visual	ADJ
spir-13519	34	4	data	datum	NOUN
spir-13519	34	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	34	6	we	we	PRON
spir-13519	34	7	employ	employ	VERB
spir-13519	34	8	a	a	DET
spir-13519	34	9	pretrained	pretraine	VERB
spir-13519	34	10	vgg16	vgg16	NOUN
spir-13519	34	11	model	model	NOUN
spir-13519	34	12	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	34	13	pretrained	pretraine	VERB
spir-13519	34	14	on	on	ADP
spir-13519	34	15	the	the	DET
spir-13519	34	16	imagenet	imagenet	NOUN
spir-13519	34	17	dataset	dataset	NOUN
spir-13519	34	18	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	34	19	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	35	1	to	to	PART
spir-13519	35	2	integrate	integrate	VERB
spir-13519	35	3	these	these	DET
spir-13519	35	4	two	two	NUM
spir-13519	35	5	types	type	NOUN
spir-13519	35	6	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	35	7	data	datum	NOUN
spir-13519	35	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	35	9	we	we	PRON
spir-13519	35	10	deploy	deploy	VERB
spir-13519	35	11	a	a	DET
spir-13519	35	12	multimodal	multimodal	ADJ
spir-13519	35	13	model	model	NOUN
spir-13519	35	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	35	15	fusing	fuse	VERB
spir-13519	35	16	the	the	DET
spir-13519	35	17	two	two	NUM
spir-13519	35	18	embeddings	embedding	NOUN
spir-13519	35	19	into	into	ADP
spir-13519	35	20	a	a	DET
spir-13519	35	21	single	single	ADJ
spir-13519	35	22	joint	joint	ADJ
spir-13519	35	23	multimodal	multimodal	NOUN
spir-13519	35	24	vector	vector	NOUN
spir-13519	35	25	that	that	PRON
spir-13519	35	26	represents	represent	VERB
spir-13519	35	27	the	the	DET
spir-13519	35	28	original	original	ADJ
spir-13519	35	29	posts	post	NOUN
spir-13519	35	30	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	36	1	this	this	DET
spir-13519	36	2	method	method	NOUN
spir-13519	36	3	addresses	address	VERB
spir-13519	36	4	the	the	DET
spir-13519	36	5	limitation	limitation	NOUN
spir-13519	36	6	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	36	7	previous	previous	ADJ
spir-13519	36	8	rgb	rgb	PROPN
spir-13519	36	9	histogram	histogram	NOUN
spir-13519	36	10	feature	feature	NOUN
spir-13519	36	11	vectors	vector	NOUN
spir-13519	36	12	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	36	13	pacheco	pacheco	PROPN
spir-13519	36	14	et	et	PROPN
spir-13519	36	15	al	al	PROPN
spir-13519	36	16	.	.	PROPN
spir-13519	36	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	36	18	2020	2020	NUM
spir-13519	36	19	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	36	20	by	by	ADP
spir-13519	36	21	obtaining	obtain	VERB
spir-13519	36	22	more	more	ADV
spir-13519	36	23	hierarchical	hierarchical	ADJ
spir-13519	36	24	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	36	25	no	no	DET
spir-13519	36	26	hand	hand	NOUN
spir-13519	36	27	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	36	28	crafted	craft	VERB
spir-13519	36	29	features	feature	NOUN
spir-13519	36	30	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	37	1	following	follow	VERB
spir-13519	37	2	this	this	PRON
spir-13519	37	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	37	4	we	we	PRON
spir-13519	37	5	calculate	calculate	VERB
spir-13519	37	6	the	the	DET
spir-13519	37	7	cosine	cosine	NOUN
spir-13519	37	8	similarity	similarity	NOUN
spir-13519	37	9	between	between	ADP
spir-13519	37	10	vectors	vector	NOUN
spir-13519	37	11	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	37	12	each	each	DET
spir-13519	37	13	pair	pair	NOUN
spir-13519	37	14	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	37	15	posts	post	NOUN
spir-13519	37	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	38	1	actors	actor	NOUN
spir-13519	38	2	with	with	ADP
spir-13519	38	3	higher	high	ADJ
spir-13519	38	4	similarity	similarity	NOUN
spir-13519	38	5	values	value	NOUN
spir-13519	38	6	that	that	PRON
spir-13519	38	7	also	also	ADV
spir-13519	38	8	meet	meet	VERB
spir-13519	38	9	our	our	PRON
spir-13519	38	10	extended	extended	ADJ
spir-13519	38	11	criteria	criterion	NOUN
spir-13519	38	12	for	for	ADP
spir-13519	38	13	coordination	coordination	NOUN
spir-13519	38	14	are	be	AUX
spir-13519	38	15	then	then	ADV
spir-13519	38	16	connected	connect	VERB
spir-13519	38	17	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	38	18	mapped	map	VERB
spir-13519	38	19	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	39	1	the	the	DET
spir-13519	39	2	final	final	ADJ
spir-13519	39	3	step	step	NOUN
spir-13519	39	4	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	39	5	our	our	PRON
spir-13519	39	6	process	process	NOUN
spir-13519	39	7	is	be	AUX
spir-13519	39	8	achieved	achieve	VERB
spir-13519	39	9	through	through	ADP
spir-13519	39	10	the	the	DET
spir-13519	39	11	use	use	NOUN
spir-13519	39	12	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	39	13	a	a	DET
spir-13519	39	14	toolkit	toolkit	NOUN
spir-13519	39	15	developed	develop	VERB
spir-13519	39	16	by	by	ADP
spir-13519	39	17	graham	graham	PROPN
spir-13519	39	18	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	39	19	2020	2020	NUM
spir-13519	39	20	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	39	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	39	22	ensuring	ensure	VERB
spir-13519	39	23	a	a	DET
spir-13519	39	24	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
spir-13519	39	25	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	39	26	robust	robust	ADJ
spir-13519	39	27	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-13519	39	28	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	39	29	coordinated	coordinated	ADJ
spir-13519	39	30	network	network	NOUN
spir-13519	39	31	activities	activity	NOUN
spir-13519	39	32	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	40	1	we	we	PRON
spir-13519	40	2	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
spir-13519	40	3	our	our	PRON
spir-13519	40	4	methods	method	NOUN
spir-13519	40	5	through	through	ADP
spir-13519	40	6	a	a	DET
spir-13519	40	7	case	case	NOUN
spir-13519	40	8	study	study	NOUN
spir-13519	40	9	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	40	10	russian	russian	ADJ
spir-13519	40	11	visual	visual	ADJ
spir-13519	40	12	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-13519	40	13	sharing	sharing	NOUN
spir-13519	40	14	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	40	15	a	a	DET
spir-13519	40	16	coordinated	coordinated	ADJ
spir-13519	40	17	fashion	fashion	NOUN
spir-13519	40	18	on	on	ADP
spir-13519	40	19	twitter	twitter	NOUN
spir-13519	40	20	by	by	ADP
spir-13519	40	21	over	over	ADP
spir-13519	40	22	78487	78487	NUM
spir-13519	40	23	pro	pro	ADJ
spir-13519	40	24	-	-	ADJ
spir-13519	40	25	russia	russia	ADJ
spir-13519	40	26	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	40	27	pro	pro	ADJ
spir-13519	40	28	-	-	ADJ
spir-13519	40	29	putin	putin	ADJ
spir-13519	40	30	accounts	account	NOUN
spir-13519	40	31	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	40	32	as	as	ADV
spir-13519	40	33	well	well	ADV
spir-13519	40	34	as	as	ADP
spir-13519	40	35	fringe	fringe	NOUN
spir-13519	40	36	botand	botand	NOUN
spir-13519	40	37	troll	troll	NOUN
spir-13519	40	38	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	40	39	like	like	ADJ
spir-13519	40	40	accounts	account	NOUN
spir-13519	40	41	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	40	42	on	on	ADP
spir-13519	40	43	twitter	twitter	NOUN
spir-13519	40	44	that	that	PRON
spir-13519	40	45	posted	post	VERB
spir-13519	40	46	text	text	NOUN
spir-13519	40	47	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	40	48	only	only	ADV
spir-13519	40	49	or	or	CCONJ
spir-13519	40	50	image	image	NOUN
spir-13519	40	51	content	content	NOUN
spir-13519	40	52	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	40	53	n=13140	n=13140	PROPN
spir-13519	40	54	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	40	55	with	with	ADP
spir-13519	40	56	the	the	DET
spir-13519	40	57	hashtag	hashtag	NOUN
spir-13519	40	58	#	#	NOUN
spir-13519	40	59	istandwithputin	istandwithputin	NOUN
spir-13519	40	60	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	40	61	2022	2022	NUM
spir-13519	40	62	during	during	ADP
spir-13519	40	63	the	the	DET
spir-13519	40	64	start	start	NOUN
spir-13519	40	65	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	40	66	the	the	DET
spir-13519	40	67	russia	russia	PROPN
spir-13519	40	68	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	40	69	ukraine	ukraine	PROPN
spir-13519	40	70	war	war	PROPN
spir-13519	40	71	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	41	1	figure	figure	NOUN
spir-13519	41	2	2	2	NUM
spir-13519	41	3	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	41	4	comparison	comparison	NOUN
spir-13519	41	5	on	on	ADP
spir-13519	41	6	number	number	NOUN
spir-13519	41	7	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	41	8	posted	post	VERB
spir-13519	41	9	tweets	tweet	NOUN
spir-13519	41	10	among	among	ADP
spir-13519	41	11	text	text	NOUN
spir-13519	41	12	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	41	13	only	only	ADV
spir-13519	41	14	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	41	15	yellow	yellow	ADJ
spir-13519	41	16	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	41	17	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	41	18	multimodal	multimodal	NOUN
spir-13519	41	19	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	41	20	orange	orange	ADJ
spir-13519	41	21	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	41	22	content	content	NOUN
spir-13519	41	23	results	result	VERB
spir-13519	41	24	the	the	DET
spir-13519	41	25	descriptive	descriptive	ADJ
spir-13519	41	26	comparison	comparison	NOUN
spir-13519	41	27	figure	figure	NOUN
spir-13519	41	28	2	2	NUM
spir-13519	41	29	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
spir-13519	41	30	the	the	DET
spir-13519	41	31	obvious	obvious	ADJ
spir-13519	41	32	difference	difference	NOUN
spir-13519	41	33	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	41	34	number	number	NOUN
spir-13519	41	35	between	between	ADP
spir-13519	41	36	text	text	NOUN
spir-13519	41	37	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	41	38	only	only	ADJ
spir-13519	41	39	tweets	tweet	NOUN
spir-13519	41	40	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	41	41	ones	one	NOUN
spir-13519	41	42	containing	contain	VERB
spir-13519	41	43	images	image	NOUN
spir-13519	41	44	during	during	ADP
spir-13519	41	45	the	the	DET
spir-13519	41	46	period	period	NOUN
spir-13519	41	47	at	at	ADP
spir-13519	41	48	the	the	DET
spir-13519	41	49	start	start	NOUN
spir-13519	41	50	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	41	51	the	the	DET
spir-13519	41	52	russian	russian	ADJ
spir-13519	41	53	invasion	invasion	NOUN
spir-13519	41	54	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	42	1	we	we	PRON
spir-13519	42	2	generate	generate	VERB
spir-13519	42	3	two	two	NUM
spir-13519	42	4	coordination	coordination	NOUN
spir-13519	42	5	networks	network	NOUN
spir-13519	42	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	42	7	one	one	NUM
spir-13519	42	8	text	text	NOUN
spir-13519	42	9	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	42	10	based	base	VERB
spir-13519	42	11	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	42	12	one	one	NUM
spir-13519	42	13	multimodal	multimodal	NOUN
spir-13519	42	14	network	network	NOUN
spir-13519	42	15	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	43	1	we	we	PRON
spir-13519	43	2	define	define	VERB
spir-13519	43	3	the	the	DET
spir-13519	43	4	similarity	similarity	NOUN
spir-13519	43	5	threshold	threshold	NOUN
spir-13519	43	6	as	as	ADP
spir-13519	43	7	0.9	0.9	NUM
spir-13519	43	8	for	for	SCONJ
spir-13519	43	9	both	both	DET
spir-13519	43	10	networks	network	NOUN
spir-13519	43	11	to	to	PART
spir-13519	43	12	indicate	indicate	VERB
spir-13519	43	13	the	the	DET
spir-13519	43	14	highly	highly	ADV
spir-13519	43	15	similar	similar	ADJ
spir-13519	43	16	pairs	pair	NOUN
spir-13519	43	17	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	43	18	posts	post	NOUN
spir-13519	43	19	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	44	1	we	we	PRON
spir-13519	44	2	also	also	ADV
spir-13519	44	3	define	define	VERB
spir-13519	44	4	the	the	DET
spir-13519	44	5	time	time	NOUN
spir-13519	44	6	window	window	NOUN
spir-13519	44	7	as	as	ADP
spir-13519	44	8	60	60	NUM
spir-13519	44	9	seconds	second	NOUN
spir-13519	44	10	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	44	11	edge	edge	VERB
spir-13519	44	12	weight	weight	NOUN
spir-13519	44	13	larger	large	ADJ
spir-13519	44	14	than	than	ADP
spir-13519	44	15	2	2	NUM
spir-13519	44	16	to	to	PART
spir-13519	44	17	detect	detect	VERB
spir-13519	44	18	pairs	pair	NOUN
spir-13519	44	19	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	44	20	nodes	node	NOUN
spir-13519	44	21	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	44	22	accounts	account	NOUN
spir-13519	44	23	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	44	24	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	44	25	the	the	DET
spir-13519	44	26	network	network	NOUN
spir-13519	44	27	who	who	PRON
spir-13519	44	28	must	must	AUX
spir-13519	44	29	have	have	AUX
spir-13519	44	30	posted	post	VERB
spir-13519	44	31	similar	similar	ADJ
spir-13519	44	32	images	image	NOUN
spir-13519	44	33	at	at	ADV
spir-13519	44	34	least	least	ADJ
spir-13519	44	35	twice	twice	ADV
spir-13519	44	36	within	within	ADP
spir-13519	44	37	60	60	NUM
spir-13519	44	38	seconds	second	NOUN
spir-13519	44	39	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	44	40	each	each	DET
spir-13519	44	41	other	other	ADJ
spir-13519	44	42	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	45	1	all	all	DET
spir-13519	45	2	colored	colored	ADJ
spir-13519	45	3	clusters	cluster	NOUN
spir-13519	45	4	within	within	ADP
spir-13519	45	5	the	the	DET
spir-13519	45	6	multimodal	multimodal	NOUN
spir-13519	45	7	coordination	coordination	NOUN
spir-13519	45	8	network	network	NOUN
spir-13519	45	9	share	share	VERB
spir-13519	45	10	a	a	DET
spir-13519	45	11	pro	pro	ADJ
spir-13519	45	12	-	-	ADJ
spir-13519	45	13	russian	russian	ADJ
spir-13519	45	14	sentiment	sentiment	NOUN
spir-13519	45	15	while	while	SCONJ
spir-13519	45	16	the	the	DET
spir-13519	45	17	sentiment	sentiment	NOUN
spir-13519	45	18	within	within	ADP
spir-13519	45	19	the	the	DET
spir-13519	45	20	text	text	NOUN
spir-13519	45	21	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	45	22	based	base	VERB
spir-13519	45	23	network	network	NOUN
spir-13519	45	24	is	be	AUX
spir-13519	45	25	much	much	ADV
spir-13519	45	26	the	the	DET
spir-13519	45	27	same	same	ADJ
spir-13519	45	28	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	46	1	the	the	DET
spir-13519	46	2	text	text	NOUN
spir-13519	46	3	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	46	4	based	base	VERB
spir-13519	46	5	coordination	coordination	NOUN
spir-13519	46	6	network	network	NOUN
spir-13519	46	7	consists	consist	VERB
spir-13519	46	8	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	46	9	322	322	NUM
spir-13519	46	10	nodes	node	NOUN
spir-13519	46	11	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	46	12	320	320	NUM
spir-13519	46	13	edges	edge	NOUN
spir-13519	46	14	while	while	SCONJ
spir-13519	46	15	the	the	DET
spir-13519	46	16	multimodal	multimodal	NOUN
spir-13519	46	17	coordination	coordination	NOUN
spir-13519	46	18	network	network	NOUN
spir-13519	46	19	consists	consist	VERB
spir-13519	46	20	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	46	21	188	188	NUM
spir-13519	46	22	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	46	23	286	286	NUM
spir-13519	46	24	extra	extra	ADJ
spir-13519	46	25	nodes	node	NOUN
spir-13519	46	26	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	46	27	edges	edge	NOUN
spir-13519	46	28	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	46	29	respectively	respectively	ADV
spir-13519	46	30	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	47	1	the	the	DET
spir-13519	47	2	accounts	account	NOUN
spir-13519	47	3	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	47	4	the	the	DET
spir-13519	47	5	multimodal	multimodal	NOUN
spir-13519	47	6	network	network	NOUN
spir-13519	47	7	are	be	AUX
spir-13519	47	8	more	more	ADV
spir-13519	47	9	likely	likely	ADJ
spir-13519	47	10	to	to	PART
spir-13519	47	11	share	share	VERB
spir-13519	47	12	media	medium	NOUN
spir-13519	47	13	content	content	NOUN
spir-13519	47	14	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	47	15	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
spir-13519	47	16	images	image	NOUN
spir-13519	47	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	47	18	videos	video	NOUN
spir-13519	47	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	47	20	etc	etc	X
spir-13519	47	21	.	.	X
spir-13519	47	22	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	47	23	than	than	ADP
spir-13519	47	24	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	47	25	the	the	DET
spir-13519	47	26	text	text	NOUN
spir-13519	47	27	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	47	28	based	base	VERB
spir-13519	47	29	network	network	NOUN
spir-13519	47	30	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	48	1	the	the	DET
spir-13519	48	2	results	result	NOUN
spir-13519	48	3	illustrate	illustrate	VERB
spir-13519	48	4	that	that	SCONJ
spir-13519	48	5	the	the	DET
spir-13519	48	6	multimodal	multimodal	NOUN
spir-13519	48	7	method	method	NOUN
spir-13519	48	8	effectively	effectively	ADV
spir-13519	48	9	supplements	supplement	VERB
spir-13519	48	10	the	the	DET
spir-13519	48	11	text	text	NOUN
spir-13519	48	12	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	48	13	based	base	VERB
spir-13519	48	14	detection	detection	NOUN
spir-13519	48	15	method	method	NOUN
spir-13519	48	16	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	48	17	expands	expand	VERB
spir-13519	48	18	the	the	DET
spir-13519	48	19	original	original	ADJ
spir-13519	48	20	method	method	NOUN
spir-13519	48	21	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	48	22	detecting	detect	VERB
spir-13519	48	23	image	image	NOUN
spir-13519	48	24	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	48	25	based	base	VERB
spir-13519	48	26	coordination	coordination	NOUN
spir-13519	48	27	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	48	28	more	more	ADV
spir-13519	48	29	importantly	importantly	ADV
spir-13519	48	30	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	48	31	the	the	DET
spir-13519	48	32	multimodal	multimodal	ADJ
spir-13519	48	33	level	level	NOUN
spir-13519	48	34	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	49	1	figure	figure	NOUN
spir-13519	49	2	3	3	NUM
spir-13519	49	3	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	50	1	a	a	DET
spir-13519	50	2	text	text	NOUN
spir-13519	50	3	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	50	4	based	base	VERB
spir-13519	50	5	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	50	6	a	a	DET
spir-13519	50	7	multimodal	multimodal	NOUN
spir-13519	50	8	coordination	coordination	NOUN
spir-13519	50	9	network	network	NOUN
spir-13519	50	10	generated	generate	VERB
spir-13519	50	11	from	from	ADP
spir-13519	50	12	the	the	DET
spir-13519	50	13	#	#	PUNCT
spir-13519	50	14	istandwithputin	istandwithputin	NOUN
spir-13519	50	15	dataset	dataset	NOUN
spir-13519	50	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	51	1	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
spir-13519	51	2	image	image	NOUN
spir-13519	51	3	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	51	4	based	base	VERB
spir-13519	51	5	online	online	ADJ
spir-13519	51	6	communication	communication	NOUN
spir-13519	51	7	by	by	ADP
spir-13519	51	8	posting	post	VERB
spir-13519	51	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	51	10	sharing	share	VERB
spir-13519	51	11	on	on	ADP
spir-13519	51	12	social	social	ADJ
spir-13519	51	13	media	medium	NOUN
spir-13519	51	14	has	have	AUX
spir-13519	51	15	become	become	VERB
spir-13519	51	16	an	an	DET
spir-13519	51	17	important	important	ADJ
spir-13519	51	18	mechanism	mechanism	NOUN
spir-13519	51	19	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	51	20	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-13519	51	21	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
spir-13519	51	22	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	52	1	the	the	DET
spir-13519	52	2	new	new	ADJ
spir-13519	52	3	multimodal	multimodal	NOUN
spir-13519	52	4	coordination	coordination	NOUN
spir-13519	52	5	detection	detection	NOUN
spir-13519	52	6	method	method	NOUN
spir-13519	52	7	utilises	utilise	VERB
spir-13519	52	8	non	non	ADJ
spir-13519	52	9	-	-	ADJ
spir-13519	52	10	textual	textual	ADJ
spir-13519	52	11	modes	mode	NOUN
spir-13519	52	12	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	52	13	data	datum	NOUN
spir-13519	52	14	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	52	15	information	information	NOUN
spir-13519	52	16	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	52	17	introduces	introduce	NOUN
spir-13519	52	18	network	network	NOUN
spir-13519	52	19	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	52	20	based	base	VERB
spir-13519	52	21	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-13519	52	22	methods	method	NOUN
spir-13519	52	23	for	for	ADP
spir-13519	52	24	detecting	detect	VERB
spir-13519	52	25	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	52	26	studying	study	VERB
spir-13519	52	27	multimodal	multimodal	ADJ
spir-13519	52	28	content	content	NOUN
spir-13519	52	29	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	53	1	although	although	SCONJ
spir-13519	53	2	it	it	PRON
spir-13519	53	3	is	be	AUX
spir-13519	53	4	an	an	DET
spir-13519	53	5	ongoing	ongoing	ADJ
spir-13519	53	6	project	project	NOUN
spir-13519	53	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	53	8	the	the	DET
spir-13519	53	9	results	result	NOUN
spir-13519	53	10	illustrate	illustrate	VERB
spir-13519	53	11	the	the	DET
spir-13519	53	12	irreplaceable	irreplaceable	ADJ
spir-13519	53	13	key	key	ADJ
spir-13519	53	14	role	role	NOUN
spir-13519	53	15	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	53	16	multimodal	multimodal	ADJ
spir-13519	53	17	methods	method	NOUN
spir-13519	53	18	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	53	19	the	the	DET
spir-13519	53	20	practice	practice	NOUN
spir-13519	53	21	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	53	22	more	more	ADV
spir-13519	53	23	complete	complete	ADJ
spir-13519	53	24	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	53	25	multimodal	multimodal	ADJ
spir-13519	53	26	social	social	ADJ
spir-13519	53	27	media	medium	NOUN
spir-13519	53	28	network	network	NOUN
spir-13519	53	29	studies	study	NOUN
spir-13519	53	30	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	53	31	also	also	ADV
spir-13519	53	32	serve	serve	VERB
spir-13519	53	33	to	to	PART
spir-13519	53	34	further	far	ADV
spir-13519	53	35	improve	improve	VERB
spir-13519	53	36	coordination	coordination	NOUN
spir-13519	53	37	detection	detection	NOUN
spir-13519	53	38	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	53	39	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-13519	53	40	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
spir-13519	53	41	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	54	1	we	we	PRON
spir-13519	54	2	also	also	ADV
spir-13519	54	3	suggest	suggest	AUX
spir-13519	54	4	deploying	deploy	VERB
spir-13519	54	5	the	the	DET
spir-13519	54	6	image	image	NOUN
spir-13519	54	7	clustering	clustering	NOUN
spir-13519	54	8	method	method	NOUN
spir-13519	54	9	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	54	10	future	future	ADJ
spir-13519	54	11	work	work	NOUN
spir-13519	54	12	to	to	PART
spir-13519	54	13	partition	partition	VERB
spir-13519	54	14	the	the	DET
spir-13519	54	15	images	image	NOUN
spir-13519	54	16	into	into	ADP
spir-13519	54	17	semantically	semantically	ADV
spir-13519	54	18	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
spir-13519	54	19	clusters	cluster	NOUN
spir-13519	54	20	to	to	PART
spir-13519	54	21	interpret	interpret	VERB
spir-13519	54	22	their	their	PRON
spir-13519	54	23	implicit	implicit	ADJ
spir-13519	54	24	relationship	relationship	NOUN
spir-13519	54	25	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	54	26	use	use	VERB
spir-13519	54	27	clusters	cluster	NOUN
spir-13519	54	28	as	as	ADP
spir-13519	54	29	the	the	DET
spir-13519	54	30	indicator	indicator	NOUN
spir-13519	54	31	for	for	ADP
spir-13519	54	32	sameness	sameness	NOUN
spir-13519	54	33	instead	instead	ADV
spir-13519	54	34	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	54	35	explicit	explicit	ADJ
spir-13519	54	36	similarity	similarity	NOUN
spir-13519	54	37	measurement	measurement	NOUN
spir-13519	54	38	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	55	1	this	this	DET
spir-13519	55	2	method	method	NOUN
spir-13519	55	3	can	can	AUX
spir-13519	55	4	help	help	VERB
spir-13519	55	5	us	we	PRON
spir-13519	55	6	conduct	conduct	VERB
spir-13519	55	7	the	the	DET
spir-13519	55	8	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-13519	55	9	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	55	10	memetic	memetic	ADJ
spir-13519	55	11	templates	template	NOUN
spir-13519	55	12	such	such	ADJ
spir-13519	55	13	as	as	ADP
spir-13519	55	14	image	image	NOUN
spir-13519	55	15	macros	macro	NOUN
spir-13519	55	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	56	1	apart	apart	ADV
spir-13519	56	2	from	from	ADP
spir-13519	56	3	image	image	NOUN
spir-13519	56	4	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	56	5	text	text	NOUN
spir-13519	56	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	56	7	there	there	PRON
spir-13519	56	8	are	be	VERB
spir-13519	56	9	more	more	ADV
spir-13519	56	10	unexplored	unexplored	ADJ
spir-13519	56	11	forms	form	NOUN
spir-13519	56	12	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	56	13	modes	mode	NOUN
spir-13519	56	14	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	56	15	information	information	NOUN
spir-13519	56	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	56	17	where	where	SCONJ
spir-13519	56	18	we	we	PRON
spir-13519	56	19	look	look	VERB
spir-13519	56	20	forward	forward	ADV
spir-13519	56	21	to	to	ADP
spir-13519	56	22	future	future	ADJ
spir-13519	56	23	work	work	NOUN
spir-13519	56	24	leveraging	leverage	VERB
spir-13519	56	25	more	more	ADV
spir-13519	56	26	advanced	advanced	ADJ
spir-13519	56	27	methods	method	NOUN
spir-13519	56	28	to	to	PART
spir-13519	56	29	study	study	VERB
spir-13519	56	30	more	more	ADV
spir-13519	56	31	diverse	diverse	ADJ
spir-13519	56	32	coordinated	coordinated	ADJ
spir-13519	56	33	activities	activity	NOUN
spir-13519	56	34	such	such	ADJ
spir-13519	56	35	as	as	ADP
spir-13519	56	36	online	online	ADJ
spir-13519	56	37	activism	activism	NOUN
spir-13519	56	38	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	56	39	participatory	participatory	ADJ
spir-13519	56	40	culture	culture	NOUN
spir-13519	56	41	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	57	1	references	reference	NOUN
spir-13519	57	2	giglietto	giglietto	PROPN
spir-13519	57	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	57	4	f.	f.	PROPN
spir-13519	57	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	57	6	righetti	righetti	PROPN
spir-13519	57	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	57	8	n.	n.	NOUN
spir-13519	57	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	57	10	&	&	CCONJ
spir-13519	57	11	marino	marino	PROPN
spir-13519	57	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	57	13	g.	g.	PROPN
spir-13519	57	14	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	57	15	2019	2019	NUM
spir-13519	57	16	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	57	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	58	1	understanding	understand	VERB
spir-13519	58	2	coordinated	coordinated	ADJ
spir-13519	58	3	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	58	4	inauthentic	inauthentic	ADJ
spir-13519	58	5	link	link	NOUN
spir-13519	58	6	sharing	share	VERB
spir-13519	58	7	behavior	behavior	NOUN
spir-13519	58	8	on	on	ADP
spir-13519	58	9	facebook	facebook	PROPN
spir-13519	58	10	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	58	11	the	the	DET
spir-13519	58	12	run	run	NOUN
spir-13519	58	13	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	58	14	up	up	NOUN
spir-13519	58	15	to	to	PART
spir-13519	58	16	2018	2018	NUM
spir-13519	58	17	general	general	ADJ
spir-13519	58	18	election	election	NOUN
spir-13519	58	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	58	20	2019	2019	NUM
spir-13519	58	21	european	european	ADJ
spir-13519	58	22	election	election	NOUN
spir-13519	58	23	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	58	24	italy	italy	PROPN
spir-13519	58	25	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	59	1	gleicher	gleicher	PROPN
spir-13519	59	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	60	1	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	60	2	2018	2018	NUM
spir-13519	60	3	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	60	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	61	1	coordinated	coordinate	VERB
spir-13519	61	2	inauthentic	inauthentic	ADJ
spir-13519	61	3	behavior	behavior	NOUN
spir-13519	61	4	explained	explain	VERB
spir-13519	61	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	62	1	https://newsroom.fb	https://newsroom.fb	PROPN
spir-13519	62	2	.com	.com	PROPN
spir-13519	62	3	/	/	SYM
spir-13519	62	4	news/2019/08	news/2019/08	PROPN
spir-13519	62	5	/	/	SYM
spir-13519	62	6	cib	cib	PROPN
spir-13519	62	7	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	62	8	uae	uae	PROPN
spir-13519	62	9	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	62	10	egypt	egypt	PROPN
spir-13519	62	11	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	62	12	saudi	saudi	NOUN
spir-13519	62	13	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	62	14	arabia/.	arabia/.	PROPN
spir-13519	62	15	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	62	16	accessed	access	VERB
spir-13519	62	17	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13519	62	18	2021	2021	NUM
spir-13519	62	19	-	-	SYM
spir-13519	62	20	10	10	NUM
spir-13519	62	21	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	62	22	15	15	NUM
spir-13519	62	23	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	62	24	graham	graham	PROPN
spir-13519	62	25	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	62	26	t.	t.	PROPN
spir-13519	62	27	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	62	28	2020	2020	NUM
spir-13519	62	29	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	62	30	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	63	1	coordination	coordination	NOUN
spir-13519	63	2	network	network	NOUN
spir-13519	63	3	toolkit	toolkit	NOUN
spir-13519	63	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	64	1	queensland	queensland	PROPN
spir-13519	64	2	university	university	PROPN
spir-13519	64	3	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	64	4	technology	technology	NOUN
spir-13519	64	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	65	1	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	65	2	software	software	NOUN
spir-13519	65	3	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	65	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	66	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
spir-13519	66	2	from	from	ADP
spir-13519	66	3	ttps://doi.org/10.25912/rdf	ttps://doi.org/10.25912/rdf	NOUN
spir-13519	66	4	1632782596538	1632782596538	NUM
spir-13519	66	5	heiskanen	heiskanen	PROPN
spir-13519	66	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	66	7	b.	b.	PROPN
spir-13519	66	8	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	66	9	2017	2017	NUM
spir-13519	66	10	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	66	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	67	1	meme	meme	NOUN
spir-13519	67	2	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	67	3	ing	ing	ADJ
spir-13519	67	4	electoral	electoral	ADJ
spir-13519	67	5	participation	participation	NOUN
spir-13519	67	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	68	1	european	european	ADJ
spir-13519	68	2	journal	journal	PROPN
spir-13519	68	3	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	68	4	american	american	PROPN
spir-13519	68	5	studies	study	NOUN
spir-13519	68	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	68	7	12(12	12(12	NUM
spir-13519	68	8	-	-	SYM
spir-13519	68	9	2	2	NUM
spir-13519	68	10	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	68	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	69	1	keller	keller	PROPN
spir-13519	69	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	69	3	f.	f.	PROPN
spir-13519	69	4	b.	b.	PROPN
spir-13519	69	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	69	6	schoch	schoch	PROPN
spir-13519	69	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	69	8	d.	d.	PROPN
spir-13519	69	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	69	10	stier	stier	PROPN
spir-13519	69	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	69	12	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-13519	69	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	69	14	&	&	CCONJ
spir-13519	69	15	yang	yang	PROPN
spir-13519	69	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	69	17	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-13519	69	18	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	69	19	2020	2020	NUM
spir-13519	69	20	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	69	21	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	70	1	political	political	ADJ
spir-13519	70	2	astroturfing	astroturfing	NOUN
spir-13519	70	3	on	on	ADP
spir-13519	70	4	twitter	twitter	NOUN
spir-13519	70	5	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13519	70	6	how	how	SCONJ
spir-13519	70	7	to	to	PART
spir-13519	70	8	coordinate	coordinate	VERB
spir-13519	70	9	a	a	DET
spir-13519	70	10	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-13519	70	11	campaign	campaign	NOUN
spir-13519	70	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	71	1	political	political	ADJ
spir-13519	71	2	communication	communication	NOUN
spir-13519	71	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	71	4	37(2	37(2	NOUN
spir-13519	71	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	71	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	71	7	256–280	256–280	NUM
spir-13519	71	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	72	1	krafft	krafft	PROPN
spir-13519	72	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	72	3	p.	p.	NOUN
spir-13519	72	4	m.	m.	NOUN
spir-13519	72	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	72	6	&	&	CCONJ
spir-13519	72	7	donovan	donovan	PROPN
spir-13519	72	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	72	9	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-13519	72	10	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	72	11	2020	2020	NUM
spir-13519	72	12	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	72	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	73	1	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-13519	73	2	by	by	ADP
spir-13519	73	3	design	design	NOUN
spir-13519	73	4	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13519	73	5	the	the	DET
spir-13519	73	6	use	use	NOUN
spir-13519	73	7	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	73	8	evidence	evidence	NOUN
spir-13519	73	9	collages	collage	NOUN
spir-13519	73	10	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	73	11	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-13519	73	12	filtering	filtering	NOUN
spir-13519	73	13	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	73	14	a	a	DET
spir-13519	73	15	media	medium	NOUN
spir-13519	73	16	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
spir-13519	73	17	campaign	campaign	NOUN
spir-13519	73	18	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	74	1	political	political	ADJ
spir-13519	74	2	communication	communication	NOUN
spir-13519	74	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	74	4	37(2	37(2	PROPN
spir-13519	74	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	74	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	74	7	194	194	NUM
spir-13519	74	8	-	-	SYM
spir-13519	74	9	214	214	NUM
spir-13519	74	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	75	1	merrin	merrin	PROPN
spir-13519	75	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	75	3	w.	w.	PROPN
spir-13519	75	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	75	5	2019	2019	NUM
spir-13519	75	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	75	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	76	1	president	president	PROPN
spir-13519	76	2	troll	troll	PROPN
spir-13519	76	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13519	76	4	trump	trump	NOUN
spir-13519	76	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	76	6	4chan	4chan	NUM
spir-13519	76	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	76	8	memetic	memetic	ADJ
spir-13519	76	9	warfare	warfare	NOUN
spir-13519	76	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	77	1	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	77	2	trump	trump	NOUN
spir-13519	77	3	's	's	PART
spir-13519	77	4	media	media	NOUN
spir-13519	77	5	war	war	NOUN
spir-13519	77	6	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	77	7	pp	pp	ADJ
spir-13519	77	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	77	9	201	201	NUM
spir-13519	77	10	-	-	SYM
spir-13519	77	11	226	226	NUM
spir-13519	77	12	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	77	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	78	1	palgrave	palgrave	PROPN
spir-13519	78	2	macmillan	macmillan	PROPN
spir-13519	78	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	78	4	cham	cham	PROPN
spir-13519	78	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	79	1	pacheco	pacheco	PROPN
spir-13519	79	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	79	3	d.	d.	PROPN
spir-13519	79	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	79	5	flammini	flammini	PROPN
spir-13519	79	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	79	7	a.	a.	NOUN
spir-13519	79	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	79	9	&	&	CCONJ
spir-13519	79	10	menczer	menczer	NOUN
spir-13519	79	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	79	12	f.	f.	PROPN
spir-13519	79	13	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	79	14	2020	2020	NUM
spir-13519	79	15	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	79	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	80	1	unveiling	unveil	VERB
spir-13519	80	2	coordinated	coordinate	VERB
spir-13519	80	3	groups	group	NOUN
spir-13519	80	4	behind	behind	ADP
spir-13519	80	5	white	white	ADJ
spir-13519	80	6	helmets	helmet	NOUN
spir-13519	80	7	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-13519	80	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	81	1	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	81	2	companion	companion	ADJ
spir-13519	81	3	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
spir-13519	81	4	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	81	5	the	the	DET
spir-13519	81	6	web	web	NOUN
spir-13519	81	7	conference	conference	NOUN
spir-13519	81	8	2020	2020	NUM
spir-13519	81	9	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	81	10	pp	pp	ADJ
spir-13519	81	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	82	1	611–616	611–616	NUM
spir-13519	82	2	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	82	3	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	83	1	righetti	righetti	PROPN
spir-13519	83	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	83	3	n.	n.	NOUN
spir-13519	83	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	83	5	2021	2021	NUM
spir-13519	83	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	83	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	84	1	coortweet	coortweet	NOUN
spir-13519	84	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13519	84	3	an	an	DET
spir-13519	84	4	r	r	NOUN
spir-13519	84	5	package	package	NOUN
spir-13519	84	6	to	to	PART
spir-13519	84	7	detect	detect	VERB
spir-13519	84	8	coordinated	coordinated	ADJ
spir-13519	84	9	behavior	behavior	NOUN
spir-13519	84	10	on	on	ADP
spir-13519	84	11	twitter	twitter	NOUN
spir-13519	84	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	85	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
spir-13519	85	2	from	from	ADP
spir-13519	85	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13519	85	4	https://www.nicolarighetti.net/digital-media/coortweet-an-rpackage-to-detect-coordinated-behavior-on-twitter/	https://www.nicolarighetti.net/digital-media/coortweet-an-rpackage-to-detect-coordinated-behavior-on-twitter/	PROPN
spir-13519	85	5	romero	romero	PROPN
spir-13519	85	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	85	7	l.	l.	PROPN
spir-13519	85	8	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	85	9	2022	2022	NUM
spir-13519	85	10	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	85	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	86	1	how	how	SCONJ
spir-13519	86	2	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-13519	86	3	war	war	NOUN
spir-13519	86	4	on	on	ADP
spir-13519	86	5	fakes	fake	NOUN
spir-13519	86	6	’	'	PUNCT
spir-13519	86	7	uses	use	VERB
spir-13519	86	8	fact	fact	NOUN
spir-13519	86	9	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	86	10	checking	checking	NOUN
spir-13519	86	11	to	to	PART
spir-13519	86	12	spread	spread	VERB
spir-13519	86	13	pro	pro	ADJ
spir-13519	86	14	-	-	ADJ
spir-13519	86	15	russia	russia	ADJ
spir-13519	86	16	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
spir-13519	86	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	87	1	politifact	politifact	PROPN
spir-13519	87	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	88	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
spir-13519	88	2	from	from	ADP
spir-13519	88	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13519	88	4	https://www.politifact.com/article/2022/aug/08/how-war-fakes-uses-fact-checkingspread-pro-russia/	https://www.politifact.com/article/2022/aug/08/how-war-fakes-uses-fact-checkingspread-pro-russia/	PROPN
spir-13519	88	5	schoch	schoch	PROPN
spir-13519	88	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	88	7	d.	d.	PROPN
spir-13519	88	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	88	9	keller	keller	PROPN
spir-13519	88	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	88	11	f.	f.	PROPN
spir-13519	88	12	b.	b.	PROPN
spir-13519	88	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	88	14	stier	stier	PROPN
spir-13519	88	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	88	16	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-13519	88	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	88	18	&	&	CCONJ
spir-13519	88	19	yang	yang	PROPN
spir-13519	88	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	88	21	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-13519	88	22	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	88	23	2022	2022	NUM
spir-13519	88	24	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	88	25	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	89	1	coordination	coordination	NOUN
spir-13519	89	2	patterns	pattern	NOUN
spir-13519	89	3	reveal	reveal	VERB
spir-13519	89	4	online	online	ADJ
spir-13519	89	5	political	political	ADJ
spir-13519	89	6	astroturfing	astroturfing	NOUN
spir-13519	89	7	across	across	ADP
spir-13519	89	8	the	the	DET
spir-13519	89	9	world	world	NOUN
spir-13519	89	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	90	1	scientific	scientific	ADJ
spir-13519	90	2	reports	report	NOUN
spir-13519	90	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	90	4	12(1	12(1	NUM
spir-13519	90	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	90	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	90	7	1–10	1–10	NOUN
spir-13519	90	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	90	9	starbird	starbird	PROPN
spir-13519	90	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	90	11	k.	k.	PROPN
spir-13519	90	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	90	13	arif	arif	PROPN
spir-13519	90	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	90	15	a.	a.	PROPN
spir-13519	90	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	90	17	&	&	CCONJ
spir-13519	90	18	wilson	wilson	PROPN
spir-13519	90	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	90	20	t.	t.	PROPN
spir-13519	90	21	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	90	22	2019	2019	NUM
spir-13519	90	23	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	90	24	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	91	1	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-13519	91	2	as	as	ADP
spir-13519	91	3	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
spir-13519	91	4	work	work	NOUN
spir-13519	91	5	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13519	91	6	surfacing	surface	VERB
spir-13519	91	7	the	the	DET
spir-13519	91	8	participatory	participatory	ADJ
spir-13519	91	9	nature	nature	NOUN
spir-13519	91	10	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	91	11	strategic	strategic	ADJ
spir-13519	91	12	information	information	NOUN
spir-13519	91	13	operations	operation	NOUN
spir-13519	91	14	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	92	1	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
spir-13519	92	2	of	of	ADP
spir-13519	92	3	the	the	DET
spir-13519	92	4	acm	acm	NOUN
spir-13519	92	5	on	on	ADP
spir-13519	92	6	human	human	ADJ
spir-13519	92	7	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13519	92	8	computer	computer	NOUN
spir-13519	92	9	interaction	interaction	NOUN
spir-13519	92	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	92	11	3(cscw	3(cscw	NUM
spir-13519	92	12	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	92	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	92	14	1–26	1–26	NOUN
spir-13519	92	15	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	93	1	t.j	t.j	PROPN
spir-13519	93	2	.	.	PROPN
spir-13519	93	3	thomson	thomson	PROPN
spir-13519	93	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	93	5	daniel	daniel	PROPN
spir-13519	93	6	angus	angus	PROPN
spir-13519	93	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	93	8	paula	paula	PROPN
spir-13519	93	9	dootson	dootson	PROPN
spir-13519	93	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	93	11	edward	edward	PROPN
spir-13519	93	12	hurcombe	hurcombe	PROPN
spir-13519	93	13	&	&	CCONJ
spir-13519	93	14	adam	adam	PROPN
spir-13519	93	15	smith	smith	PROPN
spir-13519	93	16	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	93	17	2022	2022	NUM
spir-13519	93	18	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	93	19	visual	visual	ADJ
spir-13519	93	20	mis	mis	X
spir-13519	93	21	/	/	SYM
spir-13519	93	22	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
spir-13519	93	23	in	in	ADP
spir-13519	93	24	journalism	journalism	NOUN
spir-13519	93	25	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	93	26	public	public	ADJ
spir-13519	93	27	communications	communication	NOUN
spir-13519	93	28	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13519	93	29	current	current	ADJ
spir-13519	93	30	verification	verification	NOUN
spir-13519	93	31	practices	practice	NOUN
spir-13519	93	32	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	93	33	challenges	challenge	NOUN
spir-13519	93	34	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	93	35	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13519	93	36	future	future	ADJ
spir-13519	93	37	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
spir-13519	93	38	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	93	39	journalism	journalism	NOUN
spir-13519	93	40	practice	practice	NOUN
spir-13519	93	41	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	93	42	16:5	16:5	NUM
spir-13519	93	43	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	93	44	938	938	NUM
spir-13519	93	45	-	-	SYM
spir-13519	93	46	962	962	NUM
spir-13519	93	47	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	93	48	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-13519	93	49	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13519	93	50	10.1080/17512786.2020.1832139	10.1080/17512786.2020.1832139	NUM
spir-13519	93	51	wardle	wardle	NOUN
spir-13519	93	52	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	93	53	c.	c.	PROPN
spir-13519	93	54	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13519	93	55	2020	2020	NUM
spir-13519	93	56	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13519	93	57	sep	sep	PROPN
spir-13519	93	58	22	22	NUM
spir-13519	93	59	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13519	93	60	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	94	1	understanding	understand	VERB
spir-13519	94	2	information	information	NOUN
spir-13519	94	3	disorder	disorder	NOUN
spir-13519	94	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	95	1	first	first	ADJ
spir-13519	95	2	draft	draft	NOUN
spir-13519	95	3	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13519	96	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
spir-13519	96	2	from	from	ADP
spir-13519	96	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13519	96	4	https://firstdraftnews.org/long-form-article/understanding-information-disorder/	https://firstdraftnews.org/long-form-article/understanding-information-disorder/	NOUN
spir-13519	96	5	https://firstdraftnews.org/long-form-article/understanding-information-disorder/	https://firstdraftnews.org/long-form-article/understanding-information-disorder/	NOUN