id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
spir-13913	1	1	selected	select	VERB
spir-13913	1	2	papers	paper	NOUN
spir-13913	1	3	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	1	4	#	#	SYM
spir-13913	1	5	aoir2024	aoir2024	PROPN
spir-13913	1	6	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13913	1	7	the	the	DET
spir-13913	1	8	25th	25th	ADJ
spir-13913	1	9	annual	annual	ADJ
spir-13913	1	10	conference	conference	NOUN
spir-13913	1	11	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	1	12	the	the	DET
spir-13913	1	13	association	association	NOUN
spir-13913	1	14	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	1	15	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-13913	1	16	researchers	researcher	NOUN
spir-13913	1	17	sheffield	sheffield	PROPN
spir-13913	1	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	1	19	uk	uk	PROPN
spir-13913	1	20	/	/	SYM
spir-13913	1	21	30	30	NUM
spir-13913	1	22	oct	oct	NOUN
spir-13913	1	23	2	2	NUM
spir-13913	1	24	nov	nov	PROPN
spir-13913	1	25	2024	2024	NUM
spir-13913	1	26	suggested	suggest	VERB
spir-13913	1	27	citation	citation	NOUN
spir-13913	1	28	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13913	1	29	apa	apa	PROPN
spir-13913	1	30	):	):	PUNCT
spir-13913	1	31	cabbuag	cabbuag	PROPN
spir-13913	1	32	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	1	33	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-13913	1	34	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	1	35	abidin	abidin	PROPN
spir-13913	1	36	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	1	37	c.	c.	PROPN
spir-13913	1	38	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13913	1	39	2024	2024	NUM
spir-13913	1	40	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	1	41	october	october	PROPN
spir-13913	1	42	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13913	1	43	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	2	1	tiktok	tiktok	ADJ
spir-13913	2	2	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-13913	2	3	dogshows	dogshow	NOUN
spir-13913	2	4	’	'	PUNCT
spir-13913	2	5	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	2	6	the	the	DET
spir-13913	2	7	amplification	amplification	NOUN
spir-13913	2	8	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	2	9	online	online	ADJ
spir-13913	2	10	incivility	incivility	NOUN
spir-13913	2	11	among	among	ADP
spir-13913	2	12	gen	gen	PROPN
spir-13913	2	13	z	z	NOUN
spir-13913	2	14	influencers	influencer	NOUN
spir-13913	2	15	in	in	ADP
spir-13913	2	16	the	the	DET
spir-13913	2	17	philippines	philippine	NOUN
spir-13913	2	18	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	3	1	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-13913	3	2	presented	present	VERB
spir-13913	3	3	at	at	ADP
spir-13913	3	4	aoir2024	aoir2024	PROPN
spir-13913	3	5	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13913	3	6	the	the	DET
spir-13913	3	7	25th	25th	ADJ
spir-13913	3	8	annual	annual	ADJ
spir-13913	3	9	conference	conference	NOUN
spir-13913	3	10	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	3	11	the	the	DET
spir-13913	3	12	association	association	NOUN
spir-13913	3	13	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	3	14	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-13913	3	15	researchers	researcher	NOUN
spir-13913	3	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	4	1	sheffield	sheffield	PROPN
spir-13913	4	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	4	3	uk	uk	PROPN
spir-13913	4	4	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13913	4	5	aoir	aoir	NOUN
spir-13913	4	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	4	7	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
spir-13913	4	8	from	from	ADP
spir-13913	4	9	http://spir.aoir.org	http://spir.aoir.org	PROPN
spir-13913	4	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	4	11	tiktok	tiktok	ADJ
spir-13913	4	12	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-13913	4	13	dogshows	dogshow	NOUN
spir-13913	4	14	’	'	PUNCT
spir-13913	4	15	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	4	16	the	the	DET
spir-13913	4	17	amplification	amplification	NOUN
spir-13913	4	18	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	4	19	online	online	ADJ
spir-13913	4	20	incivility	incivility	NOUN
spir-13913	4	21	among	among	ADP
spir-13913	4	22	gen	gen	PROPN
spir-13913	4	23	z	z	NOUN
spir-13913	4	24	influencers	influencer	NOUN
spir-13913	4	25	in	in	ADP
spir-13913	4	26	the	the	DET
spir-13913	4	27	philippines	philippine	NOUN
spir-13913	4	28	samuel	samuel	PROPN
spir-13913	4	29	i.	i.	PROPN
spir-13913	4	30	cabbuag	cabbuag	PROPN
spir-13913	4	31	university	university	PROPN
spir-13913	4	32	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	4	33	the	the	DET
spir-13913	4	34	philippines	philippines	PROPN
spir-13913	4	35	diliman	diliman	PROPN
spir-13913	4	36	;	;	PUNCT
spir-13913	4	37	hong	hong	PROPN
spir-13913	4	38	kong	kong	PROPN
spir-13913	4	39	baptist	baptist	PROPN
spir-13913	4	40	university	university	PROPN
spir-13913	4	41	crystal	crystal	PROPN
spir-13913	4	42	abidin	abidin	PROPN
spir-13913	4	43	curtin	curtin	PROPN
spir-13913	4	44	university	university	PROPN
spir-13913	4	45	introduction	introduction	NOUN
spir-13913	4	46	this	this	DET
spir-13913	4	47	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-13913	4	48	seeks	seek	VERB
spir-13913	4	49	to	to	PART
spir-13913	4	50	explore	explore	VERB
spir-13913	4	51	the	the	DET
spir-13913	4	52	origins	origin	NOUN
spir-13913	4	53	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	4	54	phenomena	phenomenon	NOUN
spir-13913	4	55	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	4	56	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	4	57	implications	implication	NOUN
spir-13913	4	58	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	4	59	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-13913	4	60	dogshows	dogshow	NOUN
spir-13913	4	61	’	'	PUNCT
spir-13913	4	62	on	on	ADP
spir-13913	4	63	tiktok	tiktok	ADJ
spir-13913	4	64	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	4	65	especially	especially	ADV
spir-13913	4	66	as	as	SCONJ
spir-13913	4	67	they	they	PRON
spir-13913	4	68	play	play	VERB
spir-13913	4	69	out	out	ADP
spir-13913	4	70	as	as	ADP
spir-13913	4	71	forms	form	NOUN
spir-13913	4	72	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	4	73	online	online	ADJ
spir-13913	4	74	incivility	incivility	NOUN
spir-13913	4	75	that	that	PRON
spir-13913	4	76	are	be	AUX
spir-13913	4	77	amplified	amplify	VERB
spir-13913	4	78	by	by	ADP
spir-13913	4	79	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	4	80	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	4	81	even	even	ADV
spir-13913	4	82	applied	apply	VERB
spir-13913	4	83	to	to	ADP
spir-13913	4	84	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	4	85	gen	gen	PROPN
spir-13913	4	86	z	z	PROPN
spir-13913	4	87	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13913	4	88	11	11	NUM
spir-13913	4	89	to	to	PART
spir-13913	4	90	26	26	NUM
spir-13913	4	91	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13913	4	92	years	year	NOUN
spir-13913	4	93	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13913	4	94	old	old	ADJ
spir-13913	4	95	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13913	4	96	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	4	97	young	young	ADJ
spir-13913	4	98	children	child	NOUN
spir-13913	4	99	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13913	4	100	under	under	ADP
spir-13913	4	101	10	10	NUM
spir-13913	4	102	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13913	4	103	years	year	NOUN
spir-13913	4	104	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13913	4	105	old	old	ADJ
spir-13913	4	106	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13913	4	107	on	on	ADP
spir-13913	4	108	tiktok	tiktok	NOUN
spir-13913	4	109	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	5	1	we	we	PRON
spir-13913	5	2	historicise	historicise	VERB
spir-13913	5	3	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	5	4	explore	explore	VERB
spir-13913	5	5	tiktok	tiktok	ADJ
spir-13913	5	6	dogshows	dogshow	NOUN
spir-13913	5	7	in	in	ADP
spir-13913	5	8	the	the	DET
spir-13913	5	9	context	context	NOUN
spir-13913	5	10	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	5	11	the	the	DET
spir-13913	5	12	philippines	philippine	NOUN
spir-13913	5	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	5	14	beginning	begin	VERB
spir-13913	5	15	with	with	ADP
spir-13913	5	16	setting	set	VERB
spir-13913	5	17	the	the	DET
spir-13913	5	18	local	local	ADJ
spir-13913	5	19	context	context	NOUN
spir-13913	5	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	5	21	reviewing	review	VERB
spir-13913	5	22	relevant	relevant	ADJ
spir-13913	5	23	scholarship	scholarship	NOUN
spir-13913	5	24	on	on	ADP
spir-13913	5	25	tiktok	tiktok	ADJ
spir-13913	5	26	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	5	27	online	online	ADJ
spir-13913	5	28	incivility	incivility	NOUN
spir-13913	5	29	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	5	30	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	5	31	considering	consider	VERB
spir-13913	5	32	how	how	SCONJ
spir-13913	5	33	our	our	PRON
spir-13913	5	34	study	study	NOUN
spir-13913	5	35	contributes	contribute	VERB
spir-13913	5	36	to	to	ADP
spir-13913	5	37	age	age	NOUN
spir-13913	5	38	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13913	5	39	based	base	VERB
spir-13913	5	40	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	5	41	culturallyspecific	culturallyspecific	ADJ
spir-13913	5	42	developments	development	NOUN
spir-13913	5	43	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	5	44	emergent	emergent	ADJ
spir-13913	5	45	tiktok	tiktok	ADJ
spir-13913	5	46	cultures	culture	NOUN
spir-13913	5	47	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	6	1	we	we	PRON
spir-13913	6	2	close	close	VERB
spir-13913	6	3	with	with	ADP
spir-13913	6	4	some	some	DET
spir-13913	6	5	insights	insight	NOUN
spir-13913	6	6	on	on	ADP
spir-13913	6	7	how	how	SCONJ
spir-13913	6	8	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-13913	6	9	can	can	AUX
spir-13913	6	10	be	be	AUX
spir-13913	6	11	more	more	ADV
spir-13913	6	12	proactive	proactive	ADJ
spir-13913	6	13	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	6	14	reflexive	reflexive	ADJ
spir-13913	6	15	in	in	ADP
spir-13913	6	16	their	their	PRON
spir-13913	6	17	content	content	NOUN
spir-13913	6	18	moderation	moderation	NOUN
spir-13913	6	19	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	7	1	tiktok	tiktok	ADJ
spir-13913	7	2	dogshows	dogshow	NOUN
spir-13913	7	3	in	in	ADP
spir-13913	7	4	the	the	DET
spir-13913	7	5	philippines	philippine	NOUN
spir-13913	7	6	in	in	ADP
spir-13913	7	7	the	the	DET
spir-13913	7	8	philippines	philippine	NOUN
spir-13913	7	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	7	10	dogshows	dogshow	NOUN
spir-13913	7	11	are	be	AUX
spir-13913	7	12	a	a	DET
spir-13913	7	13	staple	staple	NOUN
spir-13913	7	14	in	in	ADP
spir-13913	7	15	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ
spir-13913	7	16	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-13913	7	17	culture	culture	NOUN
spir-13913	7	18	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	8	1	on	on	ADP
spir-13913	8	2	urban	urban	PROPN
spir-13913	8	3	dictionary	dictionary	PROPN
spir-13913	8	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	8	5	the	the	DET
spir-13913	8	6	online	online	ADJ
spir-13913	8	7	user	user	NOUN
spir-13913	8	8	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13913	8	9	generated	generate	VERB
spir-13913	8	10	dictionary	dictionary	NOUN
spir-13913	8	11	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	8	12	contemporary	contemporary	PROPN
spir-13913	8	13	slang	slang	PROPN
spir-13913	8	14	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	8	15	vernacular	vernacular	ADJ
spir-13913	8	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	8	17	the	the	DET
spir-13913	8	18	definition	definition	NOUN
spir-13913	8	19	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	8	20	dogshows	dogshow	NOUN
spir-13913	8	21	is	be	AUX
spir-13913	8	22	corroborated	corroborate	VERB
spir-13913	8	23	as	as	ADP
spir-13913	8	24	“	"	PUNCT
spir-13913	8	25	satirically	satirically	ADV
spir-13913	8	26	mocking	mock	VERB
spir-13913	8	27	a	a	DET
spir-13913	8	28	celebrity	celebrity	NOUN
spir-13913	8	29	or	or	CCONJ
spir-13913	8	30	any	any	DET
spir-13913	8	31	other	other	ADJ
spir-13913	8	32	famous	famous	ADJ
spir-13913	8	33	person	person	NOUN
spir-13913	8	34	through	through	ADP
spir-13913	8	35	memes	meme	NOUN
spir-13913	8	36	or	or	CCONJ
spir-13913	8	37	jokes	joke	NOUN
spir-13913	8	38	”	"	PUNCT
spir-13913	8	39	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13913	8	40	gloria	gloria	PROPN
spir-13913	8	41	’s	’s	PART
spir-13913	8	42	talking	talk	VERB
spir-13913	8	43	neckbrace	neckbrace	NOUN
spir-13913	8	44	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	8	45	2022	2022	NUM
spir-13913	8	46	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13913	8	47	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	9	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
spir-13913	9	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	9	3	this	this	DET
spir-13913	9	4	entry	entry	NOUN
spir-13913	9	5	stated	state	VERB
spir-13913	9	6	that	that	SCONJ
spir-13913	9	7	dogshows	dogshow	NOUN
spir-13913	9	8	do	do	AUX
spir-13913	9	9	not	not	PART
spir-13913	9	10	intend	intend	VERB
spir-13913	9	11	to	to	PART
spir-13913	9	12	cause	cause	VERB
spir-13913	9	13	actual	actual	ADJ
spir-13913	9	14	harm	harm	NOUN
spir-13913	9	15	to	to	ADP
spir-13913	9	16	a	a	DET
spir-13913	9	17	person	person	NOUN
spir-13913	9	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	9	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	9	20	are	be	AUX
spir-13913	9	21	usually	usually	ADV
spir-13913	9	22	provoked	provoke	VERB
spir-13913	9	23	by	by	ADP
spir-13913	9	24	enthusiastic	enthusiastic	ADJ
spir-13913	9	25	fan	fan	NOUN
spir-13913	9	26	bases	basis	NOUN
spir-13913	9	27	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	9	28	celebrity	celebrity	NOUN
spir-13913	9	29	figures	figure	NOUN
spir-13913	9	30	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	10	1	as	as	ADP
spir-13913	10	2	such	such	ADJ
spir-13913	10	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	10	4	while	while	SCONJ
spir-13913	10	5	the	the	DET
spir-13913	10	6	literal	literal	ADJ
spir-13913	10	7	meaning	meaning	NOUN
spir-13913	10	8	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	10	9	translation	translation	NOUN
spir-13913	10	10	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	10	11	dogshows	dogshow	NOUN
spir-13913	10	12	refer	refer	VERB
spir-13913	10	13	to	to	ADP
spir-13913	10	14	events	event	NOUN
spir-13913	10	15	where	where	SCONJ
spir-13913	10	16	people	people	NOUN
spir-13913	10	17	judge	judge	VERB
spir-13913	10	18	the	the	DET
spir-13913	10	19	overall	overall	ADJ
spir-13913	10	20	performance	performance	NOUN
spir-13913	10	21	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	10	22	dogs	dog	NOUN
spir-13913	10	23	according	accord	VERB
spir-13913	10	24	to	to	ADP
spir-13913	10	25	a	a	DET
spir-13913	10	26	specific	specific	ADJ
spir-13913	10	27	standard	standard	NOUN
spir-13913	10	28	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	10	29	in	in	ADP
spir-13913	10	30	the	the	DET
spir-13913	10	31	context	context	NOUN
spir-13913	10	32	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	10	33	slang	slang	PROPN
spir-13913	10	34	in	in	ADP
spir-13913	10	35	the	the	DET
spir-13913	10	36	philippines	philippine	NOUN
spir-13913	10	37	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	10	38	dogshows	dogshow	NOUN
spir-13913	10	39	on	on	ADP
spir-13913	10	40	social	social	ADJ
spir-13913	10	41	media	medium	NOUN
spir-13913	10	42	are	be	AUX
spir-13913	10	43	when	when	SCONJ
spir-13913	10	44	individuals	individual	NOUN
spir-13913	10	45	are	be	AUX
spir-13913	10	46	placed	place	VERB
spir-13913	10	47	in	in	ADP
spir-13913	10	48	the	the	DET
spir-13913	10	49	spotlight	spotlight	NOUN
spir-13913	10	50	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	10	51	evaluated	evaluate	VERB
spir-13913	10	52	through	through	ADP
spir-13913	10	53	a	a	DET
spir-13913	10	54	mass	mass	NOUN
spir-13913	10	55	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	10	56	commentators	commentator	NOUN
spir-13913	10	57	who	who	PRON
spir-13913	10	58	usually	usually	ADV
spir-13913	10	59	deploy	deploy	VERB
spir-13913	10	60	derogatory	derogatory	ADJ
spir-13913	10	61	humour	humour	NOUN
spir-13913	10	62	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	10	63	provocative	provocative	ADJ
spir-13913	10	64	memes	meme	NOUN
spir-13913	10	65	in	in	ADP
spir-13913	10	66	their	their	PRON
spir-13913	10	67	discourse	discourse	NOUN
spir-13913	10	68	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	10	69	thus	thus	ADV
spir-13913	10	70	inviting	invite	VERB
spir-13913	10	71	other	other	ADJ
spir-13913	10	72	spectators	spectator	NOUN
spir-13913	10	73	to	to	PART
spir-13913	10	74	join	join	VERB
spir-13913	10	75	in	in	ADP
spir-13913	10	76	to	to	PART
spir-13913	10	77	throw	throw	VERB
spir-13913	10	78	jabs	jab	NOUN
spir-13913	10	79	at	at	ADP
spir-13913	10	80	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	10	81	tease	tease	VERB
spir-13913	10	82	the	the	DET
spir-13913	10	83	individual	individual	NOUN
spir-13913	10	84	“	"	PUNCT
spir-13913	10	85	on	on	ADP
spir-13913	10	86	display	display	NOUN
spir-13913	10	87	”	"	PUNCT
spir-13913	10	88	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	11	1	these	these	DET
spir-13913	11	2	commentators	commentator	NOUN
spir-13913	11	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	11	4	who	who	PRON
spir-13913	11	5	are	be	AUX
spir-13913	11	6	mainly	mainly	ADV
spir-13913	11	7	gen	gen	PROPN
spir-13913	11	8	z	z	PROPN
spir-13913	11	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	11	10	younger	young	ADJ
spir-13913	11	11	people	people	NOUN
spir-13913	11	12	including	include	VERB
spir-13913	11	13	children	child	NOUN
spir-13913	11	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	11	15	may	may	AUX
spir-13913	11	16	engage	engage	VERB
spir-13913	11	17	in	in	ADP
spir-13913	11	18	text	text	NOUN
spir-13913	11	19	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13913	11	20	based	base	VERB
spir-13913	11	21	conversations	conversation	NOUN
spir-13913	11	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	11	23	or	or	CCONJ
spir-13913	11	24	use	use	VERB
spir-13913	11	25	social	social	ADJ
spir-13913	11	26	media	medium	NOUN
spir-13913	11	27	pop	pop	NOUN
spir-13913	11	28	cultures	culture	NOUN
spir-13913	11	29	like	like	ADP
spir-13913	11	30	reaction	reaction	NOUN
spir-13913	11	31	gifs	gifs	PROPN
spir-13913	11	32	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	11	33	emoji	emoji	PROPN
spir-13913	11	34	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	11	35	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	11	36	pictures	picture	NOUN
spir-13913	11	37	in	in	ADP
spir-13913	11	38	their	their	PRON
spir-13913	11	39	jabs	jab	NOUN
spir-13913	11	40	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	12	1	many	many	ADJ
spir-13913	12	2	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	12	3	these	these	DET
spir-13913	12	4	commentators	commentator	NOUN
spir-13913	12	5	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	12	6	videos	video	NOUN
spir-13913	12	7	would	would	AUX
spir-13913	12	8	say	say	VERB
spir-13913	12	9	that	that	SCONJ
spir-13913	12	10	this	this	PRON
spir-13913	12	11	is	be	AUX
spir-13913	12	12	a	a	DET
spir-13913	12	13	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-13913	12	14	gen	gen	PROPN
spir-13913	12	15	z	z	NOUN
spir-13913	12	16	’	'	PUNCT
spir-13913	12	17	type	type	NOUN
spir-13913	12	18	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	12	19	humor	humor	NOUN
spir-13913	12	20	as	as	SCONJ
spir-13913	12	21	dogshows	dogshow	NOUN
spir-13913	12	22	are	be	AUX
spir-13913	12	23	commonly	commonly	ADV
spir-13913	12	24	found	find	VERB
spir-13913	12	25	among	among	ADP
spir-13913	12	26	younger	young	ADJ
spir-13913	12	27	people	people	NOUN
spir-13913	12	28	’s	’s	PART
spir-13913	12	29	content	content	NOUN
spir-13913	12	30	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	12	31	since	since	SCONJ
spir-13913	12	32	they	they	PRON
spir-13913	12	33	are	be	AUX
spir-13913	12	34	often	often	ADV
spir-13913	12	35	the	the	DET
spir-13913	12	36	ones	one	NOUN
spir-13913	12	37	participating	participate	VERB
spir-13913	12	38	in	in	ADP
spir-13913	12	39	the	the	DET
spir-13913	12	40	dogshows	dogshow	NOUN
spir-13913	12	41	or	or	CCONJ
spir-13913	12	42	are	be	AUX
spir-13913	12	43	the	the	DET
spir-13913	12	44	subject	subject	NOUN
spir-13913	12	45	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	12	46	the	the	DET
spir-13913	12	47	dogshows	dogshow	NOUN
spir-13913	12	48	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	13	1	framework	framework	NOUN
spir-13913	13	2	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	13	3	rqs	rqs	NOUN
spir-13913	13	4	we	we	PRON
spir-13913	13	5	engage	engage	VERB
spir-13913	13	6	with	with	ADP
spir-13913	13	7	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-13913	13	8	media	medium	NOUN
spir-13913	13	9	scholars	scholar	NOUN
spir-13913	13	10	ariadna	ariadna	PROPN
spir-13913	13	11	matamoros	matamoros	PROPN
spir-13913	13	12	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13913	13	13	fernández	fernández	PROPN
spir-13913	13	14	et	et	PROPN
spir-13913	13	15	al	al	PROPN
spir-13913	13	16	.	.	PROPN
spir-13913	13	17	’s	’s	PART
spir-13913	13	18	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13913	13	19	2023	2023	NUM
spir-13913	13	20	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13913	13	21	5	5	NUM
spir-13913	13	22	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13913	13	23	framing	framing	NOUN
spir-13913	13	24	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	13	25	“	"	PUNCT
spir-13913	13	26	legal	legal	ADJ
spir-13913	13	27	but	but	CCONJ
spir-13913	13	28	harmful	harmful	ADJ
spir-13913	13	29	humour	humour	NOUN
spir-13913	13	30	”	"	PUNCT
spir-13913	13	31	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	13	32	which	which	PRON
spir-13913	13	33	refers	refer	VERB
spir-13913	13	34	to	to	ADP
spir-13913	13	35	“	"	PUNCT
spir-13913	13	36	any	any	DET
spir-13913	13	37	humorous	humorous	ADJ
spir-13913	13	38	communication	communication	NOUN
spir-13913	13	39	that	that	PRON
spir-13913	13	40	targets	target	VERB
spir-13913	13	41	historically	historically	ADV
spir-13913	13	42	marginalised	marginalise	VERB
spir-13913	13	43	individuals	individual	NOUN
spir-13913	13	44	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	13	45	groups	group	NOUN
spir-13913	13	46	in	in	ADP
spir-13913	13	47	a	a	DET
spir-13913	13	48	way	way	NOUN
spir-13913	13	49	that	that	PRON
spir-13913	13	50	undermines	undermine	VERB
spir-13913	13	51	their	their	PRON
spir-13913	13	52	assurance	assurance	NOUN
spir-13913	13	53	as	as	ADP
spir-13913	13	54	to	to	PART
spir-13913	13	55	equal	equal	ADJ
spir-13913	13	56	status	status	NOUN
spir-13913	13	57	in	in	ADP
spir-13913	13	58	the	the	DET
spir-13913	13	59	community	community	NOUN
spir-13913	13	60	”	"	PUNCT
spir-13913	13	61	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	14	1	in	in	ADP
spir-13913	14	2	studies	study	NOUN
spir-13913	14	3	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	14	4	incivility	incivility	NOUN
spir-13913	14	5	on	on	ADP
spir-13913	14	6	tiktok	tiktok	NOUN
spir-13913	14	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	14	8	we	we	PRON
spir-13913	14	9	see	see	VERB
spir-13913	14	10	how	how	SCONJ
spir-13913	14	11	harmful	harmful	ADJ
spir-13913	14	12	videos	video	NOUN
spir-13913	14	13	maneuvered	maneuver	VERB
spir-13913	14	14	around	around	ADP
spir-13913	14	15	tiktok	tiktok	NOUN
spir-13913	14	16	’s	’s	PART
spir-13913	14	17	community	community	NOUN
spir-13913	14	18	guidelines	guideline	NOUN
spir-13913	14	19	even	even	ADV
spir-13913	14	20	though	though	SCONJ
spir-13913	14	21	the	the	DET
spir-13913	14	22	app	app	NOUN
spir-13913	14	23	also	also	ADV
spir-13913	14	24	consists	consist	VERB
spir-13913	14	25	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	14	26	a	a	DET
spir-13913	14	27	large	large	ADJ
spir-13913	14	28	user	user	NOUN
spir-13913	14	29	base	base	NOUN
spir-13913	14	30	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	14	31	gen	gen	PROPN
spir-13913	14	32	z	z	PROPN
spir-13913	14	33	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	14	34	young	young	ADJ
spir-13913	14	35	children	child	NOUN
spir-13913	14	36	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	15	1	scholars	scholar	NOUN
spir-13913	15	2	on	on	ADP
spir-13913	15	3	trolling	trolling	NOUN
spir-13913	15	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	15	5	online	online	ADJ
spir-13913	15	6	hate	hate	NOUN
spir-13913	15	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	15	8	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	15	9	networked	network	VERB
spir-13913	15	10	harassment	harassment	NOUN
spir-13913	15	11	such	such	ADJ
spir-13913	15	12	as	as	ADP
spir-13913	15	13	rebecca	rebecca	PROPN
spir-13913	15	14	lewis	lewis	PROPN
spir-13913	15	15	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13913	15	16	2018	2018	NUM
spir-13913	15	17	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13913	15	18	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	15	19	whitney	whitney	PROPN
spir-13913	15	20	phillips	phillips	PROPN
spir-13913	15	21	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13913	15	22	2018	2018	NUM
spir-13913	15	23	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13913	15	24	have	have	AUX
spir-13913	15	25	explored	explore	VERB
spir-13913	15	26	how	how	SCONJ
spir-13913	15	27	social	social	ADJ
spir-13913	15	28	media	media	NOUN
spir-13913	15	29	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-13913	15	30	can	can	AUX
spir-13913	15	31	be	be	AUX
spir-13913	15	32	responsible	responsible	ADJ
spir-13913	15	33	for	for	ADP
spir-13913	15	34	multiplying	multiply	VERB
spir-13913	15	35	negative	negative	ADJ
spir-13913	15	36	effects	effect	NOUN
spir-13913	15	37	such	such	ADJ
spir-13913	15	38	as	as	ADP
spir-13913	15	39	hate	hate	NOUN
spir-13913	15	40	through	through	ADP
spir-13913	15	41	its	its	PRON
spir-13913	15	42	features	feature	NOUN
spir-13913	15	43	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	15	44	affordances	affordance	NOUN
spir-13913	15	45	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	16	1	in	in	ADP
spir-13913	16	2	the	the	DET
spir-13913	16	3	philippine	philippine	ADJ
spir-13913	16	4	context	context	NOUN
spir-13913	16	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	16	6	there	there	PRON
spir-13913	16	7	are	be	VERB
spir-13913	16	8	available	available	ADJ
spir-13913	16	9	studies	study	NOUN
spir-13913	16	10	on	on	ADP
spir-13913	16	11	harmful	harmful	ADJ
spir-13913	16	12	humour	humour	NOUN
spir-13913	16	13	such	such	ADJ
spir-13913	16	14	as	as	ADP
spir-13913	16	15	how	how	SCONJ
spir-13913	16	16	tiktok	tiktok	NOUN
spir-13913	16	17	was	be	AUX
spir-13913	16	18	seeded	seed	VERB
spir-13913	16	19	with	with	ADP
spir-13913	16	20	political	political	ADJ
spir-13913	16	21	messaging	messaging	NOUN
spir-13913	16	22	directed	direct	VERB
spir-13913	16	23	to	to	ADP
spir-13913	16	24	youths	youth	NOUN
spir-13913	16	25	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13913	16	26	ong	ong	INTJ
spir-13913	16	27	et	et	PROPN
spir-13913	16	28	al	al	PROPN
spir-13913	16	29	.	.	PROPN
spir-13913	16	30	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	16	31	2022	2022	NUM
spir-13913	16	32	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13913	16	33	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	17	1	yet	yet	ADV
spir-13913	17	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	17	3	studies	study	NOUN
spir-13913	17	4	on	on	ADP
spir-13913	17	5	filipino	filipino	PROPN
spir-13913	17	6	gen	gen	PROPN
spir-13913	17	7	z	z	NOUN
spir-13913	17	8	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	17	9	young	young	ADJ
spir-13913	17	10	children	child	NOUN
spir-13913	17	11	are	be	AUX
spir-13913	17	12	less	less	ADV
spir-13913	17	13	explored	explore	VERB
spir-13913	17	14	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	18	1	given	give	VERB
spir-13913	18	2	these	these	PRON
spir-13913	18	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	18	4	we	we	PRON
spir-13913	18	5	ask	ask	VERB
spir-13913	18	6	the	the	DET
spir-13913	18	7	following	follow	VERB
spir-13913	18	8	research	research	NOUN
spir-13913	18	9	questions	question	NOUN
spir-13913	18	10	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13913	18	11	rq	rq	VERB
spir-13913	18	12	1	1	NUM
spir-13913	18	13	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13913	18	14	how	how	SCONJ
spir-13913	18	15	do	do	AUX
spir-13913	18	16	influencers	influencer	NOUN
spir-13913	18	17	deploy	deploy	VERB
spir-13913	18	18	dogshows	dogshow	NOUN
spir-13913	18	19	to	to	PART
spir-13913	18	20	negotiate	negotiate	VERB
spir-13913	18	21	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	18	22	capitalise	capitalise	VERB
spir-13913	18	23	on	on	ADP
spir-13913	18	24	incivility	incivility	NOUN
spir-13913	18	25	for	for	ADP
spir-13913	18	26	online	online	ADJ
spir-13913	18	27	fame	fame	NOUN
spir-13913	18	28	?	?	PUNCT
spir-13913	19	1	rq	rq	VERB
spir-13913	19	2	2	2	NUM
spir-13913	19	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13913	19	4	how	how	SCONJ
spir-13913	19	5	do	do	AUX
spir-13913	19	6	gen	gen	PROPN
spir-13913	19	7	z	z	NOUN
spir-13913	19	8	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	19	9	young	young	ADJ
spir-13913	19	10	child	child	NOUN
spir-13913	19	11	audiences	audience	NOUN
spir-13913	19	12	respond	respond	VERB
spir-13913	19	13	to	to	ADP
spir-13913	19	14	influencers	influencer	NOUN
spir-13913	19	15	who	who	PRON
spir-13913	19	16	engage	engage	VERB
spir-13913	19	17	in	in	ADP
spir-13913	19	18	such	such	ADJ
spir-13913	19	19	forms	form	NOUN
spir-13913	19	20	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	19	21	incivility	incivility	NOUN
spir-13913	19	22	?	?	PUNCT
spir-13913	20	1	methodology	methodology	NOUN
spir-13913	20	2	this	this	DET
spir-13913	20	3	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-13913	20	4	adopts	adopt	VERB
spir-13913	20	5	purposive	purposive	ADJ
spir-13913	20	6	sampling	sampling	NOUN
spir-13913	20	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	20	8	online	online	ADJ
spir-13913	20	9	observation	observation	NOUN
spir-13913	20	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	20	11	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	20	12	case	case	NOUN
spir-13913	20	13	study	study	NOUN
spir-13913	20	14	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-13913	20	15	to	to	PART
spir-13913	20	16	understand	understand	VERB
spir-13913	20	17	the	the	DET
spir-13913	20	18	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN
spir-13913	20	19	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	20	20	dogshows	dogshow	NOUN
spir-13913	20	21	on	on	ADP
spir-13913	20	22	tiktok	tiktok	NOUN
spir-13913	20	23	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	21	1	we	we	PRON
spir-13913	21	2	identified	identify	VERB
spir-13913	21	3	10	10	NUM
spir-13913	21	4	gen	gen	PROPN
spir-13913	21	5	z	z	NOUN
spir-13913	21	6	tiktokers	tiktoker	NOUN
spir-13913	21	7	aged	age	VERB
spir-13913	21	8	18	18	NUM
spir-13913	21	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	21	10	above	above	ADV
spir-13913	21	11	who	who	PRON
spir-13913	21	12	have	have	VERB
spir-13913	21	13	at	at	ADV
spir-13913	21	14	least	least	ADV
spir-13913	21	15	10,000	10,000	NUM
spir-13913	21	16	followers	follower	NOUN
spir-13913	21	17	as	as	ADP
spir-13913	21	18	the	the	DET
spir-13913	21	19	threshold	threshold	NOUN
spir-13913	21	20	for	for	ADP
spir-13913	21	21	who	who	PRON
spir-13913	21	22	constitutes	constitute	VERB
spir-13913	21	23	a	a	DET
spir-13913	21	24	public	public	ADJ
spir-13913	21	25	figure	figure	NOUN
spir-13913	21	26	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13913	21	27	c.f	c.f	PROPN
spir-13913	21	28	.	.	PROPN
spir-13913	21	29	marwick	marwick	PROPN
spir-13913	21	30	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	21	31	2015	2015	NUM
spir-13913	21	32	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13913	21	33	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	22	1	we	we	PRON
spir-13913	22	2	checked	check	VERB
spir-13913	22	3	whether	whether	SCONJ
spir-13913	22	4	the	the	DET
spir-13913	22	5	term	term	NOUN
spir-13913	22	6	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-13913	22	7	dogshow	dogshow	NOUN
spir-13913	22	8	’	'	PUNCT
spir-13913	22	9	is	be	AUX
spir-13913	22	10	mentioned	mention	VERB
spir-13913	22	11	by	by	ADP
spir-13913	22	12	the	the	DET
spir-13913	22	13	influencer	influencer	NOUN
spir-13913	22	14	in	in	ADP
spir-13913	22	15	the	the	DET
spir-13913	22	16	video	video	NOUN
spir-13913	22	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	22	18	or	or	CCONJ
spir-13913	22	19	by	by	ADP
spir-13913	22	20	followers	follower	NOUN
spir-13913	22	21	in	in	ADP
spir-13913	22	22	the	the	DET
spir-13913	22	23	comments	comment	NOUN
spir-13913	22	24	sections	section	NOUN
spir-13913	22	25	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	23	1	we	we	PRON
spir-13913	23	2	were	be	AUX
spir-13913	23	3	able	able	ADJ
spir-13913	23	4	to	to	PART
spir-13913	23	5	find	find	VERB
spir-13913	23	6	220	220	NUM
spir-13913	23	7	videos	video	NOUN
spir-13913	23	8	that	that	PRON
spir-13913	23	9	are	be	AUX
spir-13913	23	10	considered	consider	VERB
spir-13913	23	11	viral	viral	ADJ
spir-13913	23	12	videos	video	NOUN
spir-13913	23	13	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13913	23	14	averaging	average	VERB
spir-13913	23	15	between	between	ADP
spir-13913	23	16	100k	100k	PROPN
spir-13913	23	17	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	23	18	1	1	NUM
spir-13913	23	19	m	m	NOUN
spir-13913	23	20	views	view	NOUN
spir-13913	23	21	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13913	23	22	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	24	1	we	we	PRON
spir-13913	24	2	analyzed	analyze	VERB
spir-13913	24	3	these	these	DET
spir-13913	24	4	videos	video	NOUN
spir-13913	24	5	inductively	inductively	ADV
spir-13913	24	6	via	via	ADP
spir-13913	24	7	grounded	ground	VERB
spir-13913	24	8	theory	theory	NOUN
spir-13913	24	9	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13913	24	10	charmaz	charmaz	PROPN
spir-13913	24	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	24	12	2014	2014	NUM
spir-13913	24	13	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13913	24	14	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	24	15	our	our	PRON
spir-13913	24	16	fieldnotes	fieldnote	NOUN
spir-13913	24	17	included	include	VERB
spir-13913	24	18	details	detail	NOUN
spir-13913	24	19	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	24	20	the	the	DET
spir-13913	24	21	dogshow	dogshow	ADJ
spir-13913	24	22	post	post	NOUN
spir-13913	24	23	by	by	ADP
spir-13913	24	24	the	the	DET
spir-13913	24	25	tiktoker	tiktoker	NOUN
spir-13913	24	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	24	27	screenshots	screenshot	NOUN
spir-13913	24	28	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	24	29	the	the	DET
spir-13913	24	30	top	top	ADJ
spir-13913	24	31	comments	comment	NOUN
spir-13913	24	32	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	24	33	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	24	34	engagement	engagement	NOUN
spir-13913	24	35	metrics	metric	NOUN
spir-13913	24	36	such	such	ADJ
spir-13913	24	37	as	as	ADP
spir-13913	24	38	the	the	DET
spir-13913	24	39	number	number	NOUN
spir-13913	24	40	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	24	41	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-13913	24	42	likes	like	NOUN
spir-13913	24	43	’	'	PUNCT
spir-13913	24	44	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	24	45	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-13913	24	46	comments	comment	NOUN
spir-13913	24	47	’	'	PUNCT
spir-13913	24	48	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	24	49	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-13913	24	50	saves	save	NOUN
spir-13913	24	51	’	'	PUNCT
spir-13913	24	52	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	24	53	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	24	54	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-13913	24	55	shares	share	NOUN
spir-13913	24	56	’	'	PUNCT
spir-13913	24	57	on	on	ADP
spir-13913	24	58	the	the	DET
spir-13913	24	59	video	video	NOUN
spir-13913	24	60	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	25	1	as	as	ADP
spir-13913	25	2	an	an	DET
spir-13913	25	3	ethical	ethical	ADJ
spir-13913	25	4	practice	practice	NOUN
spir-13913	25	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	25	6	we	we	PRON
spir-13913	25	7	followed	follow	VERB
spir-13913	25	8	markham	markham	PROPN
spir-13913	25	9	’s	’s	PART
spir-13913	25	10	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13913	25	11	2012	2012	NUM
spir-13913	25	12	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13913	25	13	practice	practice	NOUN
spir-13913	25	14	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	25	15	fabrication	fabrication	NOUN
spir-13913	25	16	by	by	ADP
spir-13913	25	17	providing	provide	VERB
spir-13913	25	18	pseudonyms	pseudonym	NOUN
spir-13913	25	19	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	25	20	the	the	DET
spir-13913	25	21	influencers	influencer	NOUN
spir-13913	25	22	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	25	23	we	we	PRON
spir-13913	25	24	will	will	AUX
spir-13913	25	25	not	not	PART
spir-13913	25	26	quote	quote	VERB
spir-13913	25	27	any	any	DET
spir-13913	25	28	comments	comment	NOUN
spir-13913	25	29	to	to	PART
spir-13913	25	30	minimise	minimise	VERB
spir-13913	25	31	traceability	traceability	NOUN
spir-13913	25	32	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	26	1	concepts	concept	NOUN
spir-13913	26	2	we	we	PRON
spir-13913	26	3	highlight	highlight	VERB
spir-13913	26	4	the	the	DET
spir-13913	26	5	affordances	affordance	NOUN
spir-13913	26	6	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	26	7	audiencing	audiencing	NOUN
spir-13913	26	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	26	9	or	or	CCONJ
spir-13913	26	10	how	how	SCONJ
spir-13913	26	11	images	image	NOUN
spir-13913	26	12	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	26	13	their	their	PRON
spir-13913	26	14	meanings	meaning	NOUN
spir-13913	26	15	are	be	AUX
spir-13913	26	16	renegotiated	renegotiate	VERB
spir-13913	26	17	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	26	18	even	even	ADV
spir-13913	26	19	rejected	reject	VERB
spir-13913	26	20	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13913	26	21	fiske	fiske	PROPN
spir-13913	26	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	26	23	1994	1994	NUM
spir-13913	26	24	in	in	ADP
spir-13913	26	25	rose	rose	NOUN
spir-13913	26	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	26	27	2016	2016	NUM
spir-13913	26	28	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13913	26	29	;	;	PUNCT
spir-13913	26	30	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	26	31	silosociality	silosociality	NOUN
spir-13913	26	32	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	26	33	or	or	CCONJ
spir-13913	26	34	how	how	SCONJ
spir-13913	26	35	increased	increase	VERB
spir-13913	26	36	visibility	visibility	NOUN
spir-13913	26	37	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	26	38	content	content	NOUN
spir-13913	26	39	is	be	AUX
spir-13913	26	40	communal	communal	ADJ
spir-13913	26	41	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13913	26	42	tiidenberg	tiidenberg	PROPN
spir-13913	26	43	et	et	PROPN
spir-13913	26	44	al	al	PROPN
spir-13913	26	45	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	26	46	2021	2021	NUM
spir-13913	26	47	;	;	PUNCT
spir-13913	26	48	abidin	abidin	PROPN
spir-13913	26	49	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	26	50	2021	2021	NUM
spir-13913	26	51	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13913	26	52	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	27	1	through	through	ADP
spir-13913	27	2	audiencing	audiencing	NOUN
spir-13913	27	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	27	4	tiktok	tiktok	ADJ
spir-13913	27	5	creators	creator	NOUN
spir-13913	27	6	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	27	7	audiences	audience	NOUN
spir-13913	27	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	27	9	including	include	VERB
spir-13913	27	10	gen	gen	PROPN
spir-13913	27	11	z	z	NOUN
spir-13913	27	12	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	27	13	young	young	ADJ
spir-13913	27	14	children	child	NOUN
spir-13913	27	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	27	16	can	can	AUX
spir-13913	27	17	engage	engage	VERB
spir-13913	27	18	with	with	ADP
spir-13913	27	19	various	various	ADJ
spir-13913	27	20	contents	content	NOUN
spir-13913	27	21	presented	present	VERB
spir-13913	27	22	to	to	ADP
spir-13913	27	23	them	they	PRON
spir-13913	27	24	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	27	25	creatively	creatively	ADV
spir-13913	27	26	deploy	deploy	VERB
spir-13913	27	27	them	they	PRON
spir-13913	27	28	to	to	PART
spir-13913	27	29	reflect	reflect	VERB
spir-13913	27	30	their	their	PRON
spir-13913	27	31	opinions	opinion	NOUN
spir-13913	27	32	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	27	33	interject	interject	VERB
spir-13913	27	34	with	with	ADP
spir-13913	27	35	resistance	resistance	NOUN
spir-13913	27	36	or	or	CCONJ
spir-13913	27	37	criticism	criticism	NOUN
spir-13913	27	38	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	27	39	or	or	CCONJ
spir-13913	27	40	simply	simply	ADV
spir-13913	27	41	amplify	amplify	VERB
spir-13913	27	42	the	the	DET
spir-13913	27	43	sentiment	sentiment	NOUN
spir-13913	27	44	by	by	ADP
spir-13913	27	45	re	re	VERB
spir-13913	27	46	-	-	VERB
spir-13913	27	47	platforming	platforme	VERB
spir-13913	27	48	the	the	DET
spir-13913	27	49	content	content	NOUN
spir-13913	27	50	through	through	ADP
spir-13913	27	51	the	the	DET
spir-13913	27	52	extended	extended	ADJ
spir-13913	27	53	exposure	exposure	NOUN
spir-13913	27	54	warranted	warrant	VERB
spir-13913	27	55	by	by	ADP
spir-13913	27	56	duets	duet	NOUN
spir-13913	27	57	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	27	58	stitches	stitch	NOUN
spir-13913	27	59	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	27	60	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	27	61	parodies	parody	NOUN
spir-13913	27	62	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	28	1	on	on	ADP
spir-13913	28	2	the	the	DET
spir-13913	28	3	other	other	ADJ
spir-13913	28	4	hand	hand	NOUN
spir-13913	28	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	28	6	silosociality	silosociality	NOUN
spir-13913	28	7	allows	allow	VERB
spir-13913	28	8	the	the	DET
spir-13913	28	9	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN
spir-13913	28	10	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	28	11	dogshows	dogshow	NOUN
spir-13913	28	12	to	to	PART
spir-13913	28	13	be	be	AUX
spir-13913	28	14	cultivated	cultivate	VERB
spir-13913	28	15	by	by	ADP
spir-13913	28	16	gen	gen	PROPN
spir-13913	28	17	z	z	PROPN
spir-13913	28	18	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	28	19	young	young	ADJ
spir-13913	28	20	children	child	NOUN
spir-13913	28	21	who	who	PRON
spir-13913	28	22	adapt	adapt	VERB
spir-13913	28	23	the	the	DET
spir-13913	28	24	practice	practice	NOUN
spir-13913	28	25	in	in	ADP
spir-13913	28	26	the	the	DET
spir-13913	28	27	vein	vein	NOUN
spir-13913	28	28	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	28	29	their	their	PRON
spir-13913	28	30	vernacular	vernacular	ADJ
spir-13913	28	31	registers	register	NOUN
spir-13913	28	32	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	28	33	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	28	34	invite	invite	VERB
spir-13913	28	35	other	other	ADJ
spir-13913	28	36	users	user	NOUN
spir-13913	28	37	from	from	ADP
spir-13913	28	38	their	their	PRON
spir-13913	28	39	cohort	cohort	NOUN
spir-13913	28	40	to	to	PART
spir-13913	28	41	participate	participate	VERB
spir-13913	28	42	within	within	ADP
spir-13913	28	43	their	their	PRON
spir-13913	28	44	silos	silo	NOUN
spir-13913	28	45	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	29	1	thus	thus	ADV
spir-13913	29	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	29	3	if	if	SCONJ
spir-13913	29	4	a	a	DET
spir-13913	29	5	minor	minor	ADJ
spir-13913	29	6	or	or	CCONJ
spir-13913	29	7	child	child	NOUN
spir-13913	29	8	enters	enter	VERB
spir-13913	29	9	the	the	DET
spir-13913	29	10	space	space	NOUN
spir-13913	29	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	29	12	there	there	PRON
spir-13913	29	13	is	be	VERB
spir-13913	29	14	a	a	DET
spir-13913	29	15	very	very	ADV
spir-13913	29	16	low	low	ADJ
spir-13913	29	17	likelihood	likelihood	NOUN
spir-13913	29	18	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	29	19	external	external	ADJ
spir-13913	29	20	intervention	intervention	NOUN
spir-13913	29	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	29	22	the	the	DET
spir-13913	29	23	possibility	possibility	NOUN
spir-13913	29	24	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	29	25	a	a	DET
spir-13913	29	26	voice	voice	NOUN
spir-13913	29	27	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	29	28	reason	reason	NOUN
spir-13913	29	29	from	from	ADP
spir-13913	29	30	outside	outside	ADP
spir-13913	29	31	the	the	DET
spir-13913	29	32	silo	silo	NOUN
spir-13913	29	33	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	29	34	or	or	CCONJ
spir-13913	29	35	general	general	ADJ
spir-13913	29	36	moderation	moderation	NOUN
spir-13913	29	37	to	to	PART
spir-13913	29	38	guide	guide	VERB
spir-13913	29	39	or	or	CCONJ
spir-13913	29	40	caution	caution	VERB
spir-13913	29	41	them	they	PRON
spir-13913	29	42	against	against	ADP
spir-13913	29	43	the	the	DET
spir-13913	29	44	more	more	ADV
spir-13913	29	45	harmful	harmful	ADJ
spir-13913	29	46	values	value	NOUN
spir-13913	29	47	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	29	48	consequences	consequence	NOUN
spir-13913	29	49	surrounding	surround	VERB
spir-13913	29	50	dogshows	dogshow	NOUN
spir-13913	29	51	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	30	1	sample	sample	NOUN
spir-13913	30	2	case	case	NOUN
spir-13913	30	3	study	study	VERB
spir-13913	30	4	an	an	DET
spir-13913	30	5	example	example	NOUN
spir-13913	30	6	is	be	AUX
spir-13913	30	7	gen	gen	PROPN
spir-13913	30	8	z	z	PROPN
spir-13913	30	9	creator	creator	NOUN
spir-13913	30	10	francine	francine	NOUN
spir-13913	30	11	with	with	ADP
spir-13913	30	12	over	over	ADP
spir-13913	30	13	2.6	2.6	NUM
spir-13913	30	14	million	million	NUM
spir-13913	30	15	followers	follower	NOUN
spir-13913	30	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	31	1	francine	francine	PROPN
spir-13913	31	2	used	use	VERB
spir-13913	31	3	a	a	DET
spir-13913	31	4	trendy	trendy	ADJ
spir-13913	31	5	tiktok	tiktok	ADJ
spir-13913	31	6	randomizer	randomizer	NOUN
spir-13913	31	7	filter	filter	NOUN
spir-13913	31	8	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-13913	31	9	what	what	PRON
spir-13913	31	10	kind	kind	NOUN
spir-13913	31	11	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	31	12	barbie	barbie	NOUN
spir-13913	31	13	you	you	PRON
spir-13913	31	14	are	be	AUX
spir-13913	31	15	’	'	PUNCT
spir-13913	31	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	32	1	when	when	SCONJ
spir-13913	32	2	francine	francine	PROPN
spir-13913	32	3	was	be	AUX
spir-13913	32	4	offered	offer	VERB
spir-13913	32	5	the	the	DET
spir-13913	32	6	response	response	NOUN
spir-13913	32	7	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-13913	32	8	oversized	oversized	ADJ
spir-13913	32	9	barbie	barbie	NOUN
spir-13913	32	10	’	'	PUNCT
spir-13913	32	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	32	12	she	she	PRON
spir-13913	32	13	sarcastically	sarcastically	ADV
spir-13913	32	14	thanks	thank	NOUN
spir-13913	32	15	tiktok	tiktok	NOUN
spir-13913	32	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	32	17	released	release	VERB
spir-13913	32	18	a	a	DET
spir-13913	32	19	string	string	NOUN
spir-13913	32	20	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	32	21	curse	curse	ADJ
spir-13913	32	22	words	word	NOUN
spir-13913	32	23	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	32	24	then	then	ADV
spir-13913	32	25	comforted	comfort	VERB
spir-13913	32	26	herself	herself	PRON
spir-13913	32	27	by	by	ADP
spir-13913	32	28	exclaiming	exclaim	VERB
spir-13913	32	29	that	that	SCONJ
spir-13913	32	30	“	"	PUNCT
spir-13913	32	31	at	at	ADP
spir-13913	32	32	least	least	ADJ
spir-13913	32	33	she	she	PRON
spir-13913	32	34	was	be	AUX
spir-13913	32	35	still	still	ADV
spir-13913	32	36	a	a	DET
spir-13913	32	37	barbie	barbie	NOUN
spir-13913	32	38	”	"	PUNCT
spir-13913	32	39	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	32	40	albeit	albeit	SCONJ
spir-13913	32	41	a	a	DET
spir-13913	32	42	“	"	PUNCT
spir-13913	32	43	barbie	barbie	NOUN
spir-13913	32	44	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13913	32	45	cue	cue	NOUN
spir-13913	32	46	”	"	PUNCT
spir-13913	33	1	[	[	X
spir-13913	33	2	a	a	DET
spir-13913	33	3	homonym	homonym	NOUN
spir-13913	33	4	for	for	ADP
spir-13913	33	5	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-13913	33	6	barbecue	barbecue	NOUN
spir-13913	33	7	’	'	PUNCT
spir-13913	33	8	]	]	PUNCT
spir-13913	33	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	34	1	gen	gen	PROPN
spir-13913	34	2	z	z	NOUN
spir-13913	34	3	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	34	4	young	young	ADJ
spir-13913	34	5	children	child	NOUN
spir-13913	34	6	tiktokers	tiktoker	NOUN
spir-13913	34	7	will	will	AUX
spir-13913	34	8	often	often	ADV
spir-13913	34	9	add	add	VERB
spir-13913	34	10	to	to	ADP
spir-13913	34	11	this	this	DET
spir-13913	34	12	self	self	NOUN
spir-13913	34	13	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13913	34	14	inflicting	inflict	VERB
spir-13913	34	15	dogshows	dogshow	NOUN
spir-13913	34	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	34	17	as	as	SCONJ
spir-13913	34	18	evidenced	evidence	VERB
spir-13913	34	19	from	from	ADP
spir-13913	34	20	our	our	PRON
spir-13913	34	21	corpus	corpu	NOUN
spir-13913	34	22	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	34	23	comments	comment	NOUN
spir-13913	34	24	where	where	SCONJ
spir-13913	34	25	underaged	underaged	ADJ
spir-13913	34	26	tiktokers	tiktoker	NOUN
spir-13913	34	27	were	be	AUX
spir-13913	34	28	chiming	chime	VERB
spir-13913	34	29	in	in	ADP
spir-13913	34	30	with	with	ADP
spir-13913	34	31	more	more	ADJ
spir-13913	34	32	pig	pig	NOUN
spir-13913	34	33	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13913	34	34	related	relate	VERB
spir-13913	34	35	puns	pun	NOUN
spir-13913	34	36	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	34	37	such	such	ADJ
spir-13913	34	38	as	as	ADP
spir-13913	34	39	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-13913	34	40	barbie	barbie	NOUN
spir-13913	34	41	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13913	34	42	ik	ik	NOUN
spir-13913	34	43	’	'	PUNCT
spir-13913	34	44	[	[	X
spir-13913	34	45	a	a	DET
spir-13913	34	46	homonym	homonym	NOUN
spir-13913	34	47	for	for	ADP
spir-13913	34	48	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-13913	34	49	biik	biik	VERB
spir-13913	34	50	’	'	PUNCT
spir-13913	34	51	or	or	CCONJ
spir-13913	34	52	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-13913	34	53	piglet	piglet	NOUN
spir-13913	34	54	’	'	PUNCT
spir-13913	34	55	]	]	PUNCT
spir-13913	34	56	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	35	1	this	this	DET
spir-13913	35	2	kind	kind	NOUN
spir-13913	35	3	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	35	4	humor	humor	NOUN
spir-13913	35	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	35	6	while	while	SCONJ
spir-13913	35	7	strategic	strategic	ADJ
spir-13913	35	8	in	in	ADP
spir-13913	35	9	this	this	DET
spir-13913	35	10	case	case	NOUN
spir-13913	35	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	35	12	can	can	AUX
spir-13913	35	13	evoke	evoke	VERB
spir-13913	35	14	similar	similar	ADJ
spir-13913	35	15	humor	humor	NOUN
spir-13913	35	16	on	on	ADP
spir-13913	35	17	body	body	NOUN
spir-13913	35	18	image	image	NOUN
spir-13913	35	19	that	that	PRON
spir-13913	35	20	can	can	AUX
spir-13913	35	21	be	be	AUX
spir-13913	35	22	harmful	harmful	ADJ
spir-13913	35	23	to	to	ADP
spir-13913	35	24	children	child	NOUN
spir-13913	35	25	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	35	26	teenagers	teenager	NOUN
spir-13913	35	27	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13913	35	28	pryde	pryde	NOUN
spir-13913	35	29	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	35	30	prichard	prichard	NOUN
spir-13913	35	31	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	35	32	2022	2022	NUM
spir-13913	35	33	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13913	35	34	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	36	1	summary	summary	NOUN
spir-13913	36	2	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	36	3	findings	finding	NOUN
spir-13913	36	4	we	we	PRON
spir-13913	36	5	found	find	VERB
spir-13913	36	6	two	two	NUM
spir-13913	36	7	types	type	NOUN
spir-13913	36	8	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	36	9	dogshow	dogshow	NOUN
spir-13913	36	10	content	content	NOUN
spir-13913	36	11	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13913	36	12	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13913	36	13	1	1	X
spir-13913	36	14	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13913	36	15	egging	egg	VERB
spir-13913	36	16	on	on	ADP
spir-13913	36	17	dogshows	dogshow	NOUN
spir-13913	36	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	36	19	where	where	SCONJ
spir-13913	36	20	the	the	DET
spir-13913	36	21	influencer	influencer	NOUN
spir-13913	36	22	provokes	provoke	VERB
spir-13913	36	23	or	or	CCONJ
spir-13913	36	24	promotes	promote	VERB
spir-13913	36	25	the	the	DET
spir-13913	36	26	dogshow	dogshow	NOUN
spir-13913	36	27	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	36	28	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	36	29	thus	thus	ADV
spir-13913	36	30	invites	invite	VERB
spir-13913	36	31	the	the	DET
spir-13913	36	32	audience	audience	NOUN
spir-13913	36	33	to	to	PART
spir-13913	36	34	contribute	contribute	VERB
spir-13913	36	35	to	to	ADP
spir-13913	36	36	the	the	DET
spir-13913	36	37	flaming	flaming	NOUN
spir-13913	36	38	;	;	PUNCT
spir-13913	36	39	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	36	40	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13913	36	41	2	2	X
spir-13913	36	42	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13913	36	43	self	self	NOUN
spir-13913	36	44	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13913	36	45	inflicting	inflict	VERB
spir-13913	36	46	dogshows	dogshow	NOUN
spir-13913	36	47	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	36	48	where	where	SCONJ
spir-13913	36	49	the	the	DET
spir-13913	36	50	influencer	influencer	NOUN
spir-13913	36	51	willingly	willingly	ADV
spir-13913	36	52	places	place	VERB
spir-13913	36	53	themselves	themselves	PRON
spir-13913	36	54	as	as	ADP
spir-13913	36	55	the	the	DET
spir-13913	36	56	victim	victim	NOUN
spir-13913	36	57	in	in	ADP
spir-13913	36	58	the	the	DET
spir-13913	36	59	dogshow	dogshow	NOUN
spir-13913	36	60	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	37	1	while	while	SCONJ
spir-13913	37	2	these	these	PRON
spir-13913	37	3	may	may	AUX
spir-13913	37	4	appear	appear	VERB
spir-13913	37	5	as	as	ADP
spir-13913	37	6	instances	instance	NOUN
spir-13913	37	7	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	37	8	mere	mere	ADJ
spir-13913	37	9	frivolity	frivolity	NOUN
spir-13913	37	10	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	37	11	humour	humour	NOUN
spir-13913	37	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	37	13	we	we	PRON
spir-13913	37	14	found	find	VERB
spir-13913	37	15	that	that	SCONJ
spir-13913	37	16	gen	gen	PROPN
spir-13913	37	17	z	z	NOUN
spir-13913	37	18	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	37	19	children	child	NOUN
spir-13913	37	20	feature	feature	VERB
spir-13913	37	21	heavily	heavily	ADV
spir-13913	37	22	in	in	ADP
spir-13913	37	23	the	the	DET
spir-13913	37	24	incivility	incivility	NOUN
spir-13913	37	25	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	37	26	dogshows	dogshow	NOUN
spir-13913	37	27	on	on	ADP
spir-13913	37	28	tiktok	tiktok	NOUN
spir-13913	37	29	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	37	30	by	by	ADP
spir-13913	37	31	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13913	37	32	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13913	37	33	1	1	X
spir-13913	37	34	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13913	37	35	piling	pile	VERB
spir-13913	37	36	on	on	ADP
spir-13913	37	37	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	37	38	further	far	ADV
spir-13913	37	39	encouraging	encouraging	ADJ
spir-13913	37	40	dogshows	dogshow	NOUN
spir-13913	37	41	;	;	PUNCT
spir-13913	37	42	or	or	CCONJ
spir-13913	37	43	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13913	37	44	2	2	X
spir-13913	37	45	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13913	37	46	cautioning	caution	VERB
spir-13913	37	47	users	user	NOUN
spir-13913	37	48	to	to	PART
spir-13913	37	49	cease	cease	VERB
spir-13913	37	50	the	the	DET
spir-13913	37	51	dogshow	dogshow	NOUN
spir-13913	37	52	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	38	1	we	we	PRON
spir-13913	38	2	note	note	VERB
spir-13913	38	3	that	that	SCONJ
spir-13913	38	4	when	when	SCONJ
spir-13913	38	5	gen	gen	PROPN
spir-13913	38	6	z	z	NOUN
spir-13913	38	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	38	8	young	young	ADJ
spir-13913	38	9	children	child	NOUN
spir-13913	38	10	became	become	VERB
spir-13913	38	11	the	the	DET
spir-13913	38	12	objects	object	NOUN
spir-13913	38	13	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	38	14	purveyors	purveyor	NOUN
spir-13913	38	15	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	38	16	dogshows	dogshow	NOUN
spir-13913	38	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	38	18	or	or	CCONJ
spir-13913	38	19	even	even	ADV
spir-13913	38	20	start	start	VERB
spir-13913	38	21	inflicting	inflict	VERB
spir-13913	38	22	dogshows	dogshow	NOUN
spir-13913	38	23	upon	upon	SCONJ
spir-13913	38	24	themselves	themselves	PRON
spir-13913	38	25	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	38	26	they	they	PRON
spir-13913	38	27	become	become	VERB
spir-13913	38	28	more	more	ADV
spir-13913	38	29	prone	prone	ADJ
spir-13913	38	30	to	to	ADP
spir-13913	38	31	the	the	DET
spir-13913	38	32	legal	legal	ADJ
spir-13913	38	33	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13913	38	34	but	but	CCONJ
spir-13913	38	35	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13913	38	36	harmful	harmful	ADJ
spir-13913	38	37	humour	humour	NOUN
spir-13913	38	38	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13913	38	39	matamoros	matamoros	PROPN
spir-13913	38	40	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13913	38	41	fernández	fernández	PROPN
spir-13913	38	42	et	et	PROPN
spir-13913	38	43	al	al	PROPN
spir-13913	38	44	.	.	PROPN
spir-13913	38	45	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	38	46	2023	2023	NUM
spir-13913	38	47	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13913	38	48	from	from	ADP
spir-13913	38	49	other	other	ADJ
spir-13913	38	50	users	user	NOUN
spir-13913	38	51	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	39	1	we	we	PRON
spir-13913	39	2	conclude	conclude	VERB
spir-13913	39	3	with	with	ADP
spir-13913	39	4	recommendations	recommendation	NOUN
spir-13913	39	5	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	39	6	how	how	SCONJ
spir-13913	39	7	tiktok	tiktok	NOUN
spir-13913	39	8	can	can	AUX
spir-13913	39	9	explore	explore	VERB
spir-13913	39	10	more	more	ADJ
spir-13913	39	11	conversations	conversation	NOUN
spir-13913	39	12	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	39	13	deliberations	deliberation	NOUN
spir-13913	39	14	with	with	ADP
spir-13913	39	15	different	different	ADJ
spir-13913	39	16	community	community	NOUN
spir-13913	39	17	groups	group	NOUN
spir-13913	39	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	39	19	especially	especially	ADV
spir-13913	39	20	if	if	SCONJ
spir-13913	39	21	they	they	PRON
spir-13913	39	22	hail	hail	VERB
spir-13913	39	23	from	from	ADP
spir-13913	39	24	at	at	ADP
spir-13913	39	25	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13913	39	26	risk	risk	NOUN
spir-13913	39	27	or	or	CCONJ
spir-13913	39	28	marginalized	marginalize	VERB
spir-13913	39	29	demographics	demographic	NOUN
spir-13913	39	30	such	such	ADJ
spir-13913	39	31	as	as	ADP
spir-13913	39	32	gen	gen	PROPN
spir-13913	39	33	z	z	NOUN
spir-13913	39	34	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	39	35	young	young	ADJ
spir-13913	39	36	children	child	NOUN
spir-13913	39	37	to	to	PART
spir-13913	39	38	bring	bring	VERB
spir-13913	39	39	more	more	ADJ
spir-13913	39	40	specific	specific	ADJ
spir-13913	39	41	sensibilities	sensibility	NOUN
spir-13913	39	42	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	39	43	reflexivity	reflexivity	NOUN
spir-13913	39	44	in	in	ADP
spir-13913	39	45	content	content	NOUN
spir-13913	39	46	moderation	moderation	NOUN
spir-13913	39	47	strategies	strategy	NOUN
spir-13913	39	48	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	40	1	references	reference	NOUN
spir-13913	40	2	charmaz	charmaz	PROPN
spir-13913	40	3	k	k	PROPN
spir-13913	40	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13913	40	5	2014	2014	NUM
spir-13913	40	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13913	40	7	constructing	construct	VERB
spir-13913	40	8	grounded	ground	VERB
spir-13913	40	9	theory	theory	NOUN
spir-13913	40	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	41	1	2nd	2nd	PROPN
spir-13913	41	2	edition	edition	PROPN
spir-13913	41	3	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	42	1	london	london	PROPN
spir-13913	42	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13913	42	3	sage	sage	NOUN
spir-13913	42	4	publications	publication	NOUN
spir-13913	42	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	43	1	fiske	fiske	PROPN
spir-13913	43	2	j	j	PROPN
spir-13913	43	3	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13913	43	4	1994	1994	NUM
spir-13913	43	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13913	43	6	audiencing	audiencing	NOUN
spir-13913	43	7	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13913	43	8	cultural	cultural	ADJ
spir-13913	43	9	practice	practice	NOUN
spir-13913	43	10	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	43	11	cultural	cultural	ADJ
spir-13913	43	12	studies	study	NOUN
spir-13913	43	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	44	1	in	in	ADP
spir-13913	44	2	n.	n.	PROPN
spir-13913	44	3	k.	k.	PROPN
spir-13913	44	4	denzin	denzin	PROPN
spir-13913	44	5	&	&	CCONJ
spir-13913	44	6	y.	y.	PROPN
spir-13913	44	7	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-13913	44	8	lincoln	lincoln	PROPN
spir-13913	44	9	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13913	44	10	eds	eds	PROPN
spir-13913	44	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	44	12	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13913	44	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	44	14	the	the	DET
spir-13913	44	15	handbook	handbook	NOUN
spir-13913	44	16	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	44	17	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
spir-13913	44	18	research	research	NOUN
spir-13913	44	19	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13913	44	20	pp	pp	ADJ
spir-13913	44	21	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	44	22	189–198	189–198	NUM
spir-13913	44	23	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13913	44	24	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	45	1	thousand	thousand	NUM
spir-13913	45	2	oaks	oak	NOUN
spir-13913	45	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	45	4	ca	can	AUX
spir-13913	45	5	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13913	45	6	sage	sage	VERB
spir-13913	45	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	46	1	gloria	gloria	PROPN
spir-13913	46	2	’s	’s	PART
spir-13913	46	3	talking	talk	VERB
spir-13913	46	4	bracelet	bracelet	NOUN
spir-13913	46	5	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13913	46	6	n.d	n.d	PROPN
spir-13913	46	7	.	.	PROPN
spir-13913	46	8	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13913	46	9	dogshow	dogshow	NOUN
spir-13913	46	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	47	1	urban	urban	PROPN
spir-13913	47	2	dictionary	dictionary	PROPN
spir-13913	47	3	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	48	1	available	available	ADJ
spir-13913	48	2	from	from	ADP
spir-13913	48	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13913	48	4	https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=dogshow	https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=dogshow	X
spir-13913	48	5	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13913	48	6	accessed	access	VERB
spir-13913	48	7	1	1	NUM
spir-13913	48	8	august	august	PROPN
spir-13913	48	9	2023	2023	NUM
spir-13913	48	10	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13913	48	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	49	1	lewis	lewis	PROPN
spir-13913	49	2	r	r	PROPN
spir-13913	49	3	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13913	49	4	2018	2018	NUM
spir-13913	49	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13913	49	6	alternate	alternate	ADJ
spir-13913	49	7	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-13913	49	8	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13913	49	9	broadcasting	broadcast	VERB
spir-13913	49	10	the	the	DET
spir-13913	49	11	reactionary	reactionary	ADJ
spir-13913	49	12	right	right	NOUN
spir-13913	49	13	on	on	ADP
spir-13913	49	14	youtube	youtube	NOUN
spir-13913	49	15	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	50	1	18	18	NUM
spir-13913	50	2	september	september	PROPN
spir-13913	50	3	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	51	1	data	data	PROPN
spir-13913	51	2	&	&	CCONJ
spir-13913	51	3	society	society	PROPN
spir-13913	51	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	52	1	available	available	ADJ
spir-13913	52	2	at	at	ADP
spir-13913	52	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13913	52	4	https://datasociety.net/library/alternativeinfluence/.	https://datasociety.net/library/alternativeinfluence/.	PROPN
spir-13913	52	5	markham	markham	PROPN
spir-13913	52	6	a	a	DET
spir-13913	52	7	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13913	52	8	2012	2012	NUM
spir-13913	52	9	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13913	52	10	fabrication	fabrication	NOUN
spir-13913	52	11	as	as	ADP
spir-13913	52	12	ethical	ethical	ADJ
spir-13913	52	13	practice	practice	NOUN
spir-13913	52	14	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13913	52	15	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
spir-13913	52	16	inquiry	inquiry	NOUN
spir-13913	52	17	in	in	ADP
spir-13913	52	18	ambiguous	ambiguous	ADJ
spir-13913	52	19	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-13913	52	20	contexts	contexts	NOUN
spir-13913	52	21	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	53	1	information	information	NOUN
spir-13913	53	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	53	3	communication	communication	NOUN
spir-13913	53	4	&	&	CCONJ
spir-13913	53	5	society	society	NOUN
spir-13913	53	6	15(3	15(3	NUM
spir-13913	53	7	):	):	PUNCT
spir-13913	53	8	334–353	334–353	NUM
spir-13913	53	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	54	1	https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118x.2011.641993	https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118x.2011.641993	PROPN
spir-13913	54	2	marwick	marwick	PROPN
spir-13913	54	3	ae	ae	PROPN
spir-13913	54	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13913	54	5	2015	2015	NUM
spir-13913	54	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13913	54	7	instafame	instafame	NOUN
spir-13913	54	8	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13913	54	9	luxury	luxury	NOUN
spir-13913	54	10	selfies	selfie	NOUN
spir-13913	54	11	in	in	ADP
spir-13913	54	12	the	the	DET
spir-13913	54	13	attention	attention	NOUN
spir-13913	54	14	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-13913	54	15	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	55	1	public	public	ADJ
spir-13913	55	2	culture	culture	NOUN
spir-13913	55	3	27(1	27(1	NUM
spir-13913	55	4	):	):	PUNCT
spir-13913	55	5	137–160	137–160	NUM
spir-13913	55	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	56	1	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-13913	56	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13913	56	3	10.1215/08992363	10.1215/08992363	NUM
spir-13913	56	4	-	-	SYM
spir-13913	56	5	2798379	2798379	NUM
spir-13913	56	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	57	1	https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=dogshow	https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=dogshow	PUNCT
spir-13913	57	2	https://datasociety.net/library/alternative-influence/	https://datasociety.net/library/alternative-influence/	X
spir-13913	57	3	https://datasociety.net/library/alternative-influence/	https://datasociety.net/library/alternative-influence/	X
spir-13913	57	4	https://datasociety.net/library/alternative-influence/	https://datasociety.net/library/alternative-influence/	PUNCT
spir-13913	57	5	https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118x.2011.641993	https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118x.2011.641993	PRON
spir-13913	57	6	https://doi.org/10.1215/08992363-2798379	https://doi.org/10.1215/08992363-2798379	PROPN
spir-13913	57	7	https://doi.org/10.1215/08992363-2798379	https://doi.org/10.1215/08992363-2798379	PROPN
spir-13913	57	8	matamoros	matamoros	PROPN
spir-13913	57	9	-	-	PUNCT
spir-13913	57	10	fernández	fernández	PROPN
spir-13913	57	11	a	a	PRON
spir-13913	57	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	57	13	bartolo	bartolo	PROPN
spir-13913	57	14	l	l	PROPN
spir-13913	57	15	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	57	16	troynar	troynar	PROPN
spir-13913	57	17	l	l	NOUN
spir-13913	57	18	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13913	57	19	2023	2023	NUM
spir-13913	57	20	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13913	57	21	humour	humour	NOUN
spir-13913	57	22	as	as	ADP
spir-13913	57	23	an	an	DET
spir-13913	57	24	online	online	ADJ
spir-13913	57	25	safety	safety	NOUN
spir-13913	57	26	issue	issue	NOUN
spir-13913	57	27	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13913	57	28	exploring	explore	VERB
spir-13913	57	29	solutions	solution	NOUN
spir-13913	57	30	to	to	PART
spir-13913	57	31	help	help	VERB
spir-13913	57	32	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-13913	57	33	better	well	ADJ
spir-13913	57	34	address	address	VERB
spir-13913	57	35	this	this	DET
spir-13913	57	36	form	form	NOUN
spir-13913	57	37	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	57	38	expression	expression	NOUN
spir-13913	57	39	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	58	1	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-13913	58	2	policy	policy	NOUN
spir-13913	58	3	review	review	NOUN
spir-13913	58	4	12(1	12(1	NUM
spir-13913	58	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13913	58	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	59	1	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-13913	59	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13913	59	3	10.14763/2023.1.1677	10.14763/2023.1.1677	NUM
spir-13913	59	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	60	1	ong	ong	PROPN
spir-13913	60	2	jc	jc	PROPN
spir-13913	60	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	60	4	fallorina	fallorina	PROPN
spir-13913	60	5	r	r	PROPN
spir-13913	60	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	60	7	lanuza	lanuza	PROPN
spir-13913	60	8	jm	jm	PROPN
spir-13913	60	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	60	10	sanchez	sanchez	PROPN
spir-13913	60	11	ii	ii	PROPN
spir-13913	60	12	f	f	X
spir-13913	60	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	60	14	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	60	15	curato	curato	VERB
spir-13913	60	16	n	n	CCONJ
spir-13913	60	17	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13913	60	18	2022	2022	NUM
spir-13913	60	19	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13913	60	20	parallel	parallel	ADJ
spir-13913	60	21	public	public	ADJ
spir-13913	60	22	spheres	sphere	NOUN
spir-13913	60	23	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13913	60	24	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-13913	60	25	operations	operation	NOUN
spir-13913	60	26	in	in	ADP
spir-13913	60	27	the	the	DET
spir-13913	60	28	2022	2022	NUM
spir-13913	60	29	philippine	philippine	ADJ
spir-13913	60	30	elections	election	NOUN
spir-13913	60	31	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	61	1	the	the	DET
spir-13913	61	2	media	medium	NOUN
spir-13913	61	3	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
spir-13913	61	4	case	case	NOUN
spir-13913	61	5	book	book	NOUN
spir-13913	61	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	62	1	internews	internew	NOUN
spir-13913	62	2	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	62	3	harvard	harvard	PROPN
spir-13913	62	4	kennedy	kennedy	PROPN
spir-13913	62	5	school	school	PROPN
spir-13913	62	6	shorenstein	shorenstein	PROPN
spir-13913	62	7	center	center	PROPN
spir-13913	62	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	63	1	available	available	ADJ
spir-13913	63	2	at	at	ADP
spir-13913	63	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13913	63	4	https://mediamanipulation.org/research/unmasking-influence-operations-in-thephilippines	https://mediamanipulation.org/research/unmasking-influence-operations-in-thephilippines	PROPN
spir-13913	63	5	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13913	63	6	accessed	access	VERB
spir-13913	63	7	3	3	NUM
spir-13913	63	8	august	august	PROPN
spir-13913	63	9	2023	2023	NUM
spir-13913	63	10	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13913	63	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	64	1	phillips	phillips	PROPN
spir-13913	64	2	w	w	PROPN
spir-13913	64	3	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13913	64	4	2018	2018	NUM
spir-13913	64	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13913	64	6	the	the	DET
spir-13913	64	7	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN
spir-13913	64	8	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	64	9	amplification	amplification	NOUN
spir-13913	64	10	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13913	64	11	better	well	ADJ
spir-13913	64	12	practices	practice	NOUN
spir-13913	64	13	for	for	ADP
spir-13913	64	14	reporting	report	VERB
spir-13913	64	15	on	on	ADP
spir-13913	64	16	extremists	extremist	NOUN
spir-13913	64	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	64	18	antagonists	antagonist	NOUN
spir-13913	64	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-13913	64	20	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	64	21	manipulators	manipulator	NOUN
spir-13913	64	22	online	online	ADV
spir-13913	64	23	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	65	1	22	22	NUM
spir-13913	65	2	may	may	NOUN
spir-13913	65	3	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	66	1	data	data	PROPN
spir-13913	66	2	&	&	CCONJ
spir-13913	66	3	society	society	PROPN
spir-13913	66	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	67	1	available	available	ADJ
spir-13913	67	2	at	at	ADP
spir-13913	67	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13913	67	4	https://datasociety.net/library/oxygen-of-amplification/.	https://datasociety.net/library/oxygen-of-amplification/.	PROPN
spir-13913	67	5	pryde	pryde	PROPN
spir-13913	67	6	s	s	PART
spir-13913	67	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-13913	67	8	prichard	prichard	NOUN
spir-13913	67	9	i	i	PRON
spir-13913	67	10	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13913	67	11	2022	2022	NUM
spir-13913	67	12	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13913	67	13	tiktok	tiktok	NOUN
spir-13913	67	14	on	on	ADP
spir-13913	67	15	the	the	DET
spir-13913	67	16	clock	clock	NOUN
spir-13913	67	17	but	but	CCONJ
spir-13913	67	18	the	the	DET
spir-13913	67	19	#	#	NOUN
spir-13913	67	20	fitspo	fitspo	PROPN
spir-13913	67	21	do	do	AUX
spir-13913	67	22	n’t	not	PART
spir-13913	67	23	stop	stop	VERB
spir-13913	67	24	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13913	67	25	the	the	DET
spir-13913	67	26	impact	impact	NOUN
spir-13913	67	27	of	of	ADP
spir-13913	67	28	tiktok	tiktok	ADJ
spir-13913	67	29	fitspiration	fitspiration	NOUN
spir-13913	67	30	videos	video	NOUN
spir-13913	67	31	on	on	ADP
spir-13913	67	32	women	woman	NOUN
spir-13913	67	33	’s	’s	PART
spir-13913	67	34	body	body	NOUN
spir-13913	67	35	image	image	NOUN
spir-13913	67	36	concerns	concern	NOUN
spir-13913	67	37	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	68	1	body	body	NOUN
spir-13913	68	2	image	image	NOUN
spir-13913	68	3	43	43	NUM
spir-13913	68	4	:	:	SYM
spir-13913	68	5	244	244	NUM
spir-13913	68	6	–	–	PUNCT
spir-13913	68	7	252	252	NUM
spir-13913	68	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	68	9	rose	rise	VERB
spir-13913	68	10	g	g	PROPN
spir-13913	68	11	(	(	PUNCT
spir-13913	68	12	2016	2016	NUM
spir-13913	68	13	)	)	PUNCT
spir-13913	68	14	visual	visual	ADJ
spir-13913	68	15	methodologies	methodology	NOUN
spir-13913	68	16	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13913	68	17	an	an	DET
spir-13913	68	18	introduction	introduction	NOUN
spir-13913	68	19	to	to	ADP
spir-13913	68	20	researching	research	VERB
spir-13913	68	21	with	with	ADP
spir-13913	68	22	visual	visual	ADJ
spir-13913	68	23	materials	material	NOUN
spir-13913	68	24	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	69	1	4th	4th	ADJ
spir-13913	69	2	edition	edition	PROPN
spir-13913	69	3	.	.	PUNCT
spir-13913	70	1	london	london	PROPN
spir-13913	70	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-13913	70	3	sage	sage	NOUN
spir-13913	70	4	publications	publications	PROPN
spir-13913	70	5	ltd	ltd	PROPN
spir-13913	70	6	.	.	PROPN
spir-13913	71	1	https://doi.org/10.14763/2023.1.1677	https://doi.org/10.14763/2023.1.1677	PROPN
spir-13913	71	2	https://doi.org/10.14763/2023.1.1677	https://doi.org/10.14763/2023.1.1677	PROPN
spir-13913	71	3	https://mediamanipulation.org/research/unmasking-influence-operations-in-the-philippines	https://mediamanipulation.org/research/unmasking-influence-operations-in-the-philippine	VERB
spir-13913	71	4	https://mediamanipulation.org/research/unmasking-influence-operations-in-the-philippines	https://mediamanipulation.org/research/unmasking-influence-operations-in-the-philippine	NOUN
spir-13913	71	5	https://datasociety.net/library/oxygen-of-amplification/	https://datasociety.net/library/oxygen-of-amplification/	PROPN
spir-13913	71	6	https://datasociety.net/library/oxygen-of-amplification/	https://datasociety.net/library/oxygen-of-amplification/	PROPN
spir-13913	71	7	https://datasociety.net/library/oxygen-of-amplification/	https://datasociety.net/library/oxygen-of-amplification/	PROPN