id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
spir-14020	1	1	selected	select	VERB
spir-14020	1	2	papers	paper	NOUN
spir-14020	1	3	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	1	4	#	#	SYM
spir-14020	1	5	aoir2024	aoir2024	PROPN
spir-14020	1	6	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14020	1	7	the	the	DET
spir-14020	1	8	25th	25th	ADJ
spir-14020	1	9	annual	annual	ADJ
spir-14020	1	10	conference	conference	NOUN
spir-14020	1	11	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	1	12	the	the	DET
spir-14020	1	13	association	association	NOUN
spir-14020	1	14	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	1	15	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-14020	1	16	researchers	researcher	NOUN
spir-14020	1	17	sheffield	sheffield	PROPN
spir-14020	1	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	1	19	uk	uk	PROPN
spir-14020	1	20	/	/	SYM
spir-14020	1	21	30	30	NUM
spir-14020	1	22	oct	oct	NOUN
spir-14020	1	23	2	2	NUM
spir-14020	1	24	nov	nov	PROPN
spir-14020	1	25	2024	2024	NUM
spir-14020	1	26	suggested	suggest	VERB
spir-14020	1	27	citation	citation	NOUN
spir-14020	1	28	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14020	1	29	apa	apa	PROPN
spir-14020	1	30	):	):	PUNCT
spir-14020	1	31	nikunen	nikunen	PROPN
spir-14020	1	32	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	1	33	k.	k.	PROPN
spir-14020	1	34	&	&	CCONJ
spir-14020	1	35	valtonen	valtonen	PROPN
spir-14020	1	36	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	1	37	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-14020	1	38	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14020	1	39	2024	2024	NUM
spir-14020	1	40	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	1	41	october	october	PROPN
spir-14020	1	42	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14020	1	43	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	2	1	platformization	platformization	NOUN
spir-14020	2	2	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	2	3	the	the	DET
spir-14020	2	4	indusrty	indusrty	NOUN
spir-14020	2	5	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	2	6	human	human	ADJ
spir-14020	2	7	smuggling	smuggling	NOUN
spir-14020	2	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	3	1	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-14020	3	2	presented	present	VERB
spir-14020	3	3	at	at	ADP
spir-14020	3	4	aoir2024	aoir2024	PROPN
spir-14020	3	5	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14020	3	6	the	the	DET
spir-14020	3	7	25th	25th	ADJ
spir-14020	3	8	annual	annual	ADJ
spir-14020	3	9	conference	conference	NOUN
spir-14020	3	10	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	3	11	the	the	DET
spir-14020	3	12	association	association	NOUN
spir-14020	3	13	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	3	14	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-14020	3	15	researchers	researcher	NOUN
spir-14020	3	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	4	1	sheffield	sheffield	PROPN
spir-14020	4	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	4	3	uk	uk	PROPN
spir-14020	4	4	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14020	4	5	aoir	aoir	NOUN
spir-14020	4	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	4	7	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
spir-14020	4	8	from	from	ADP
spir-14020	4	9	http://spir.aoir.org	http://spir.aoir.org	PROPN
spir-14020	4	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	4	11	platformization	platformization	NOUN
spir-14020	4	12	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	4	13	the	the	DET
spir-14020	4	14	industry	industry	NOUN
spir-14020	4	15	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	4	16	human	human	ADJ
spir-14020	4	17	smuggling	smuggling	PROPN
spir-14020	4	18	kaarina	kaarina	PROPN
spir-14020	4	19	nikunen	nikunen	PROPN
spir-14020	4	20	tampere	tampere	PROPN
spir-14020	4	21	university	university	NOUN
spir-14020	4	22	sanna	sanna	NOUN
spir-14020	4	23	valtonen	valtonen	PROPN
spir-14020	4	24	tampere	tampere	PROPN
spir-14020	4	25	university	university	PROPN
spir-14020	4	26	introduction	introduction	NOUN
spir-14020	4	27	in	in	ADP
spir-14020	4	28	recent	recent	ADJ
spir-14020	4	29	years	year	NOUN
spir-14020	4	30	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	4	31	europe	europe	PROPN
spir-14020	4	32	has	have	AUX
spir-14020	4	33	hardened	harden	VERB
spir-14020	4	34	its	its	PRON
spir-14020	4	35	border	border	NOUN
spir-14020	4	36	practices	practice	NOUN
spir-14020	4	37	to	to	ADP
spir-14020	4	38	the	the	DET
spir-14020	4	39	extent	extent	NOUN
spir-14020	4	40	that	that	SCONJ
spir-14020	4	41	it	it	PRON
spir-14020	4	42	has	have	AUX
spir-14020	4	43	become	become	VERB
spir-14020	4	44	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
spir-14020	4	45	difficult	difficult	ADJ
spir-14020	4	46	to	to	PART
spir-14020	4	47	enter	enter	VERB
spir-14020	4	48	europe	europe	PROPN
spir-14020	4	49	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	4	50	request	request	VERB
spir-14020	4	51	asylum	asylum	NOUN
spir-14020	4	52	through	through	ADP
spir-14020	4	53	legal	legal	ADJ
spir-14020	4	54	avenues	avenue	NOUN
spir-14020	4	55	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	5	1	in	in	ADP
spir-14020	5	2	this	this	DET
spir-14020	5	3	situation	situation	NOUN
spir-14020	5	4	migrants	migrant	NOUN
spir-14020	5	5	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	5	6	asylum	asylum	NOUN
spir-14020	5	7	seekers	seeker	NOUN
spir-14020	5	8	entering	enter	VERB
spir-14020	5	9	europe	europe	PROPN
spir-14020	5	10	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
spir-14020	5	11	rely	rely	VERB
spir-14020	5	12	on	on	ADP
spir-14020	5	13	information	information	NOUN
spir-14020	5	14	about	about	ADP
spir-14020	5	15	alternative	alternative	ADJ
spir-14020	5	16	routes	route	NOUN
spir-14020	5	17	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	5	18	smuggling	smuggling	NOUN
spir-14020	5	19	services	service	NOUN
spir-14020	5	20	shared	share	VERB
spir-14020	5	21	on	on	ADP
spir-14020	5	22	various	various	ADJ
spir-14020	5	23	social	social	ADJ
spir-14020	5	24	media	medium	NOUN
spir-14020	5	25	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14020	5	26	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	6	1	our	our	PRON
spir-14020	6	2	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-14020	6	3	explores	explore	VERB
spir-14020	6	4	the	the	DET
spir-14020	6	5	emergence	emergence	NOUN
spir-14020	6	6	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	6	7	the	the	DET
spir-14020	6	8	industry	industry	NOUN
spir-14020	6	9	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	6	10	human	human	ADJ
spir-14020	6	11	smuggling	smuggling	NOUN
spir-14020	6	12	that	that	PRON
spir-14020	6	13	operates	operate	VERB
spir-14020	6	14	on	on	ADP
spir-14020	6	15	social	social	ADJ
spir-14020	6	16	media	medium	NOUN
spir-14020	6	17	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14020	6	18	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	7	1	based	base	VERB
spir-14020	7	2	on	on	ADP
spir-14020	7	3	interviews	interview	NOUN
spir-14020	7	4	with	with	ADP
spir-14020	7	5	migrants	migrant	NOUN
spir-14020	7	6	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	7	7	refugees	refugee	NOUN
spir-14020	7	8	in	in	ADP
spir-14020	7	9	finland	finland	PROPN
spir-14020	7	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	7	11	we	we	PRON
spir-14020	7	12	describe	describe	VERB
spir-14020	7	13	both	both	PRON
spir-14020	7	14	the	the	DET
spir-14020	7	15	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14020	7	16	for	for	ADP
spir-14020	7	17	exchanging	exchange	VERB
spir-14020	7	18	information	information	NOUN
spir-14020	7	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	7	20	their	their	PRON
spir-14020	7	21	logics	logic	NOUN
spir-14020	7	22	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	7	23	the	the	DET
spir-14020	7	24	concerns	concern	NOUN
spir-14020	7	25	raised	raise	VERB
spir-14020	7	26	on	on	ADP
spir-14020	7	27	them	they	PRON
spir-14020	7	28	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	7	29	about	about	ADP
spir-14020	7	30	them	they	PRON
spir-14020	7	31	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	8	1	while	while	SCONJ
spir-14020	8	2	previous	previous	ADJ
spir-14020	8	3	research	research	NOUN
spir-14020	8	4	has	have	AUX
spir-14020	8	5	focused	focus	VERB
spir-14020	8	6	on	on	ADP
spir-14020	8	7	connectivity	connectivity	NOUN
spir-14020	8	8	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	8	9	securitization	securitization	NOUN
spir-14020	8	10	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	8	11	mobility	mobility	NOUN
spir-14020	8	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	8	13	we	we	PRON
spir-14020	8	14	focus	focus	VERB
spir-14020	8	15	on	on	ADP
spir-14020	8	16	the	the	DET
spir-14020	8	17	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-14020	8	18	markets	market	NOUN
spir-14020	8	19	that	that	PRON
spir-14020	8	20	are	be	AUX
spir-14020	8	21	connected	connect	VERB
spir-14020	8	22	to	to	ADP
spir-14020	8	23	mobility	mobility	NOUN
spir-14020	8	24	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	8	25	migration	migration	NOUN
spir-14020	8	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	8	27	mainly	mainly	ADV
spir-14020	8	28	around	around	ADP
spir-14020	8	29	smuggling	smuggling	NOUN
spir-14020	8	30	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	8	31	trafficking	trafficking	NOUN
spir-14020	8	32	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	9	1	this	this	DET
spir-14020	9	2	area	area	NOUN
spir-14020	9	3	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	9	4	research	research	NOUN
spir-14020	9	5	is	be	AUX
spir-14020	9	6	often	often	ADV
spir-14020	9	7	discussed	discuss	VERB
spir-14020	9	8	with	with	ADP
spir-14020	9	9	the	the	DET
spir-14020	9	10	prefix	prefix	NOUN
spir-14020	9	11	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14020	9	12	dark	dark	ADJ
spir-14020	9	13	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14020	9	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	9	15	connected	connect	VERB
spir-14020	9	16	to	to	ADP
spir-14020	9	17	issues	issue	NOUN
spir-14020	9	18	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	9	19	illegality	illegality	NOUN
spir-14020	9	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	9	21	crisis	crisis	NOUN
spir-14020	9	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	9	23	conflicts	conflict	NOUN
spir-14020	9	24	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	9	25	death	death	NOUN
spir-14020	9	26	such	such	ADJ
spir-14020	9	27	as	as	ADP
spir-14020	9	28	in	in	ADP
spir-14020	9	29	dark	dark	ADJ
spir-14020	9	30	tourism	tourism	NOUN
spir-14020	9	31	to	to	ADP
spir-14020	9	32	sites	site	NOUN
spir-14020	9	33	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	9	34	death	death	NOUN
spir-14020	9	35	or	or	CCONJ
spir-14020	9	36	catastrophe	catastrophe	NOUN
spir-14020	9	37	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14020	9	38	stone	stone	NOUN
spir-14020	9	39	2013	2013	NUM
spir-14020	9	40	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14020	9	41	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	9	42	or	or	CCONJ
spir-14020	9	43	as	as	ADP
spir-14020	9	44	in	in	ADP
spir-14020	9	45	dark	dark	PROPN
spir-14020	9	46	web	web	NOUN
spir-14020	9	47	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	9	48	a	a	DET
spir-14020	9	49	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-14020	9	50	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14020	9	51	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	9	52	criminal	criminal	ADJ
spir-14020	9	53	activities	activity	NOUN
spir-14020	9	54	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14020	9	55	gehl	gehl	PROPN
spir-14020	9	56	2018	2018	NUM
spir-14020	9	57	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14020	9	58	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	10	1	the	the	DET
spir-14020	10	2	aim	aim	NOUN
spir-14020	10	3	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	10	4	our	our	PRON
spir-14020	10	5	research	research	NOUN
spir-14020	10	6	is	be	AUX
spir-14020	10	7	not	not	PART
spir-14020	10	8	to	to	PART
spir-14020	10	9	demonize	demonize	VERB
spir-14020	10	10	smuggling	smuggling	NOUN
spir-14020	10	11	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14020	10	12	augustova	augustova	X
spir-14020	10	13	et	et	PROPN
spir-14020	10	14	al	al	PROPN
spir-14020	10	15	.	.	PROPN
spir-14020	10	16	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14020	10	17	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14020	10	18	but	but	CCONJ
spir-14020	10	19	rather	rather	ADV
spir-14020	10	20	to	to	PART
spir-14020	10	21	gain	gain	VERB
spir-14020	10	22	a	a	DET
spir-14020	10	23	more	more	ADV
spir-14020	10	24	nuanced	nuanced	ADJ
spir-14020	10	25	understanding	understanding	NOUN
spir-14020	10	26	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	10	27	the	the	DET
spir-14020	10	28	complications	complication	NOUN
spir-14020	10	29	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	10	30	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-14020	10	31	markets	market	NOUN
spir-14020	10	32	around	around	ADP
spir-14020	10	33	mobility	mobility	NOUN
spir-14020	10	34	for	for	ADP
spir-14020	10	35	the	the	DET
spir-14020	10	36	people	people	NOUN
spir-14020	10	37	concerned	concern	VERB
spir-14020	10	38	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	10	39	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	10	40	most	most	ADV
spir-14020	10	41	importantly	importantly	ADV
spir-14020	10	42	offer	offer	VERB
spir-14020	10	43	insight	insight	NOUN
spir-14020	10	44	into	into	ADP
spir-14020	10	45	the	the	DET
spir-14020	10	46	ways	way	NOUN
spir-14020	10	47	in	in	ADP
spir-14020	10	48	which	which	PRON
spir-14020	10	49	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14020	10	50	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14020	10	51	shapes	shape	VERB
spir-14020	10	52	migrant	migrant	ADJ
spir-14020	10	53	mobility	mobility	NOUN
spir-14020	10	54	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	10	55	safety	safety	NOUN
spir-14020	10	56	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	10	57	migrants	migrant	NOUN
spir-14020	10	58	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	11	1	method	method	NOUN
spir-14020	11	2	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	11	3	data	datum	NOUN
spir-14020	11	4	our	our	PRON
spir-14020	11	5	research	research	NOUN
spir-14020	11	6	is	be	AUX
spir-14020	11	7	based	base	VERB
spir-14020	11	8	on	on	ADP
spir-14020	11	9	interviews	interview	NOUN
spir-14020	11	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	11	11	diaries	diary	NOUN
spir-14020	11	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	11	13	workshops	workshop	NOUN
spir-14020	11	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	11	15	documents	document	NOUN
spir-14020	11	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	11	17	case	case	NOUN
spir-14020	11	18	observations	observation	NOUN
spir-14020	11	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	11	20	social	social	ADJ
spir-14020	11	21	media	medium	NOUN
spir-14020	11	22	sites	site	NOUN
spir-14020	11	23	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	11	24	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-14020	11	25	marketplaces	marketplace	NOUN
spir-14020	11	26	shared	share	VERB
spir-14020	11	27	by	by	ADP
spir-14020	11	28	migrants	migrant	NOUN
spir-14020	11	29	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	11	30	refugees	refugee	NOUN
spir-14020	11	31	who	who	PRON
spir-14020	11	32	participated	participate	VERB
spir-14020	11	33	in	in	ADP
spir-14020	11	34	the	the	DET
spir-14020	11	35	study	study	NOUN
spir-14020	11	36	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	12	1	with	with	ADP
spir-14020	12	2	a	a	DET
spir-14020	12	3	combination	combination	NOUN
spir-14020	12	4	participatory	participatory	ADJ
spir-14020	12	5	research	research	NOUN
spir-14020	12	6	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	12	7	virtual	virtual	ADJ
spir-14020	12	8	ethnography	ethnography	NOUN
spir-14020	12	9	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14020	12	10	hine	hine	PROPN
spir-14020	12	11	2015	2015	NUM
spir-14020	12	12	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14020	12	13	we	we	PRON
spir-14020	12	14	map	map	VERB
spir-14020	12	15	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-14020	12	16	sites	site	NOUN
spir-14020	12	17	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	12	18	smuggling	smuggling	NOUN
spir-14020	12	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	12	20	explore	explore	VERB
spir-14020	12	21	the	the	DET
spir-14020	12	22	ways	way	NOUN
spir-14020	12	23	in	in	ADP
spir-14020	12	24	which	which	PRON
spir-14020	12	25	the	the	DET
spir-14020	12	26	research	research	NOUN
spir-14020	12	27	participants	participant	NOUN
spir-14020	12	28	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	12	29	in	in	ADP
spir-14020	12	30	their	their	PRON
spir-14020	12	31	highly	highly	ADV
spir-14020	12	32	precarious	precarious	ADJ
spir-14020	12	33	situation	situation	NOUN
spir-14020	12	34	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	12	35	engaged	engage	VERB
spir-14020	12	36	with	with	ADP
spir-14020	12	37	smuggling	smuggling	NOUN
spir-14020	12	38	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	12	39	dealt	deal	VERB
spir-14020	12	40	with	with	ADP
spir-14020	12	41	the	the	DET
spir-14020	12	42	challenges	challenge	NOUN
spir-14020	12	43	they	they	PRON
spir-14020	12	44	faced	face	VERB
spir-14020	12	45	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	13	1	our	our	PRON
spir-14020	13	2	research	research	NOUN
spir-14020	13	3	focuses	focus	VERB
spir-14020	13	4	on	on	ADP
spir-14020	13	5	how	how	SCONJ
spir-14020	13	6	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-14020	13	7	markets	market	NOUN
spir-14020	13	8	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	13	9	smuggling	smuggling	NOUN
spir-14020	13	10	operate	operate	VERB
spir-14020	13	11	in	in	ADP
spir-14020	13	12	the	the	DET
spir-14020	13	13	context	context	NOUN
spir-14020	13	14	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	13	15	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14020	13	16	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14020	13	17	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	13	18	who	who	PRON
spir-14020	13	19	benefits	benefit	VERB
spir-14020	13	20	from	from	ADP
spir-14020	13	21	it	it	PRON
spir-14020	13	22	in	in	ADP
spir-14020	13	23	the	the	DET
spir-14020	13	24	end	end	NOUN
spir-14020	13	25	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	14	1	we	we	PRON
spir-14020	14	2	explore	explore	VERB
spir-14020	14	3	the	the	DET
spir-14020	14	4	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14020	14	5	travel	travel	NOUN
spir-14020	14	6	agencies	agency	NOUN
spir-14020	14	7	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14020	14	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	14	9	route	route	NOUN
spir-14020	14	10	guides	guide	NOUN
spir-14020	14	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	14	12	advertisements	advertisement	NOUN
spir-14020	14	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	14	14	documents	document	NOUN
spir-14020	14	15	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	14	16	the	the	DET
spir-14020	14	17	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-14020	14	18	architecture	architecture	NOUN
spir-14020	14	19	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	14	20	information	information	NOUN
spir-14020	14	21	flows	flow	VERB
spir-14020	14	22	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	15	1	as	as	SCONJ
spir-14020	15	2	argued	argue	VERB
spir-14020	15	3	by	by	ADP
spir-14020	15	4	borkert	borkert	PROPN
spir-14020	15	5	et	et	PROPN
spir-14020	15	6	al	al	PROPN
spir-14020	15	7	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14020	15	8	2018	2018	NUM
spir-14020	15	9	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14020	15	10	for	for	ADP
spir-14020	15	11	internationally	internationally	ADV
spir-14020	15	12	displaced	displace	VERB
spir-14020	15	13	persons	person	NOUN
spir-14020	15	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	15	15	migrating	migrate	VERB
spir-14020	15	16	into	into	ADP
spir-14020	15	17	europe	europe	PROPN
spir-14020	15	18	is	be	AUX
spir-14020	15	19	associated	associate	VERB
spir-14020	15	20	with	with	ADP
spir-14020	15	21	severe	severe	ADJ
spir-14020	15	22	risks	risk	NOUN
spir-14020	15	23	that	that	PRON
spir-14020	15	24	may	may	AUX
spir-14020	15	25	lead	lead	VERB
spir-14020	15	26	to	to	ADP
spir-14020	15	27	financial	financial	ADJ
spir-14020	15	28	ruin	ruin	NOUN
spir-14020	15	29	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	15	30	loss	loss	NOUN
spir-14020	15	31	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	15	32	family	family	NOUN
spir-14020	15	33	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	15	34	injury	injury	NOUN
spir-14020	15	35	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	15	36	even	even	ADV
spir-14020	15	37	death	death	NOUN
spir-14020	15	38	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	16	1	we	we	PRON
spir-14020	16	2	acknowledge	acknowledge	VERB
spir-14020	16	3	that	that	SCONJ
spir-14020	16	4	researching	research	VERB
spir-14020	16	5	people	people	NOUN
spir-14020	16	6	in	in	ADP
spir-14020	16	7	such	such	DET
spir-14020	16	8	a	a	DET
spir-14020	16	9	vulnerable	vulnerable	ADJ
spir-14020	16	10	situation	situation	NOUN
spir-14020	16	11	requires	require	VERB
spir-14020	16	12	a	a	DET
spir-14020	16	13	particular	particular	ADJ
spir-14020	16	14	attention	attention	NOUN
spir-14020	16	15	to	to	ADP
spir-14020	16	16	ethical	ethical	ADJ
spir-14020	16	17	guidelines	guideline	NOUN
spir-14020	16	18	throughout	throughout	ADP
spir-14020	16	19	the	the	DET
spir-14020	16	20	research	research	NOUN
spir-14020	16	21	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	16	22	commitment	commitment	NOUN
spir-14020	16	23	to	to	ADP
spir-14020	16	24	the	the	DET
spir-14020	16	25	principles	principle	NOUN
spir-14020	16	26	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	16	27	confidentiality	confidentiality	NOUN
spir-14020	16	28	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	16	29	doing	do	VERB
spir-14020	16	30	no	no	DET
spir-14020	16	31	harm	harm	NOUN
spir-14020	16	32	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14020	16	33	black	black	ADJ
spir-14020	16	34	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	16	35	2003	2003	NUM
spir-14020	16	36	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14020	16	37	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	17	1	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-14020	17	2	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	17	3	findings	finding	VERB
spir-14020	17	4	social	social	ADJ
spir-14020	17	5	media	medium	NOUN
spir-14020	17	6	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14020	17	7	such	such	ADJ
spir-14020	17	8	as	as	ADP
spir-14020	17	9	tiktok	tiktok	NOUN
spir-14020	17	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	17	11	facebook	facebook	NOUN
spir-14020	17	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	17	13	telegram	telegram	NOUN
spir-14020	17	14	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	17	15	whatsapp	whatsapp	NOUN
spir-14020	17	16	have	have	AUX
spir-14020	17	17	become	become	VERB
spir-14020	17	18	important	important	ADJ
spir-14020	17	19	marketplaces	marketplace	NOUN
spir-14020	17	20	for	for	ADP
spir-14020	17	21	human	human	ADJ
spir-14020	17	22	traffickers	trafficker	NOUN
spir-14020	17	23	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	17	24	smugglers	smuggler	NOUN
spir-14020	17	25	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14020	17	26	gopalan	gopalan	PROPN
spir-14020	17	27	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14020	17	28	;	;	PUNCT
spir-14020	17	29	raets	raet	NOUN
spir-14020	17	30	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	17	31	janssens	janssen	NOUN
spir-14020	17	32	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14020	17	33	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14020	17	34	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	18	1	in	in	ADP
spir-14020	18	2	the	the	DET
spir-14020	18	3	context	context	NOUN
spir-14020	18	4	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	18	5	human	human	ADJ
spir-14020	18	6	smuggling	smuggling	NOUN
spir-14020	18	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	18	8	succesful	succesful	ADJ
spir-14020	18	9	routes	route	NOUN
spir-14020	18	10	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	18	11	activities	activity	NOUN
spir-14020	18	12	are	be	AUX
spir-14020	18	13	marketed	market	VERB
spir-14020	18	14	openly	openly	ADV
spir-14020	18	15	on	on	ADP
spir-14020	18	16	social	social	ADJ
spir-14020	18	17	media	medium	NOUN
spir-14020	18	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	18	19	particularly	particularly	ADV
spir-14020	18	20	on	on	ADP
spir-14020	18	21	tiktok	tiktok	NOUN
spir-14020	18	22	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	19	1	the	the	DET
spir-14020	19	2	platformed	platformed	ADJ
spir-14020	19	3	smuggling	smuggling	NOUN
spir-14020	19	4	industry	industry	NOUN
spir-14020	19	5	follows	follow	VERB
spir-14020	19	6	the	the	DET
spir-14020	19	7	logics	logic	NOUN
spir-14020	19	8	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	19	9	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-14020	19	10	markets	market	NOUN
spir-14020	19	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	19	12	such	such	ADJ
spir-14020	19	13	as	as	ADP
spir-14020	19	14	airbnb	airbnb	PROPN
spir-14020	19	15	or	or	CCONJ
spir-14020	19	16	tripadvisor	tripadvisor	NOUN
spir-14020	19	17	in	in	ADP
spir-14020	19	18	the	the	DET
spir-14020	19	19	sense	sense	NOUN
spir-14020	19	20	that	that	SCONJ
spir-14020	19	21	migrants	migrant	NOUN
spir-14020	19	22	who	who	PRON
spir-14020	19	23	have	have	AUX
spir-14020	19	24	used	use	VERB
spir-14020	19	25	smuggling	smuggling	NOUN
spir-14020	19	26	routes	route	NOUN
spir-14020	19	27	or	or	CCONJ
spir-14020	19	28	services	service	NOUN
spir-14020	19	29	are	be	AUX
spir-14020	19	30	guided	guide	VERB
spir-14020	19	31	to	to	PART
spir-14020	19	32	give	give	VERB
spir-14020	19	33	feedback	feedback	NOUN
spir-14020	19	34	within	within	ADP
spir-14020	19	35	the	the	DET
spir-14020	19	36	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14020	19	37	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14020	19	38	campana	campana	PROPN
spir-14020	19	39	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	19	40	gelsthorpe	gelsthorpe	PROPN
spir-14020	19	41	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14020	19	42	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14020	19	43	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	20	1	often	often	ADV
spir-14020	20	2	this	this	PRON
spir-14020	20	3	requires	require	VERB
spir-14020	20	4	forced	force	VERB
spir-14020	20	5	visibility	visibility	NOUN
spir-14020	20	6	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	20	7	participation	participation	NOUN
spir-14020	20	8	on	on	ADP
spir-14020	20	9	travel	travel	NOUN
spir-14020	20	10	videos	video	NOUN
spir-14020	20	11	shared	share	VERB
spir-14020	20	12	by	by	ADP
spir-14020	20	13	the	the	DET
spir-14020	20	14	smugglers	smuggler	NOUN
spir-14020	20	15	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	21	1	for	for	ADP
spir-14020	21	2	the	the	DET
spir-14020	21	3	smugglers	smuggler	NOUN
spir-14020	21	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	21	5	online	online	ADV
spir-14020	21	6	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14020	21	7	based	base	VERB
spir-14020	21	8	feedback	feedback	NOUN
spir-14020	21	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	21	10	reviews	review	NOUN
spir-14020	21	11	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	21	12	experience	experience	NOUN
spir-14020	21	13	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14020	21	14	sharing	sharing	NOUN
spir-14020	21	15	are	be	AUX
spir-14020	21	16	an	an	DET
spir-14020	21	17	important	important	ADJ
spir-14020	21	18	part	part	NOUN
spir-14020	21	19	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	21	20	crafting	craft	VERB
spir-14020	21	21	professional	professional	ADJ
spir-14020	21	22	image	image	NOUN
spir-14020	21	23	as	as	ADP
spir-14020	21	24	reliable	reliable	ADJ
spir-14020	21	25	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	22	1	however	however	ADV
spir-14020	22	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	22	3	from	from	ADP
spir-14020	22	4	the	the	DET
spir-14020	22	5	point	point	NOUN
spir-14020	22	6	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	22	7	view	view	NOUN
spir-14020	22	8	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	22	9	a	a	DET
spir-14020	22	10	migrant	migrant	NOUN
spir-14020	22	11	or	or	CCONJ
spir-14020	22	12	refugee	refugee	NOUN
spir-14020	22	13	using	use	VERB
spir-14020	22	14	the	the	DET
spir-14020	22	15	routes	route	NOUN
spir-14020	22	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	22	17	trust	trust	NOUN
spir-14020	22	18	is	be	AUX
spir-14020	22	19	not	not	PART
spir-14020	22	20	only	only	ADV
spir-14020	22	21	related	relate	VERB
spir-14020	22	22	to	to	ADP
spir-14020	22	23	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14020	22	24	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	22	25	technology	technology	NOUN
spir-14020	22	26	or	or	CCONJ
spir-14020	22	27	a	a	DET
spir-14020	22	28	professional	professional	ADJ
spir-14020	22	29	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	22	30	industry	industry	NOUN
spir-14020	22	31	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14020	22	32	like	like	ADJ
spir-14020	22	33	way	way	NOUN
spir-14020	22	34	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	22	35	operating	operate	VERB
spir-14020	22	36	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	22	37	but	but	CCONJ
spir-14020	22	38	also	also	ADV
spir-14020	22	39	to	to	ADP
spir-14020	22	40	social	social	ADJ
spir-14020	22	41	networks	network	NOUN
spir-14020	22	42	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	22	43	the	the	DET
spir-14020	22	44	structures	structure	NOUN
spir-14020	22	45	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	22	46	belonging	belong	VERB
spir-14020	22	47	that	that	DET
spir-14020	22	48	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-14020	22	49	them	they	PRON
spir-14020	22	50	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	23	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
spir-14020	23	2	the	the	DET
spir-14020	23	3	trust	trust	NOUN
spir-14020	23	4	is	be	AUX
spir-14020	23	5	constantly	constantly	ADV
spir-14020	23	6	uncertain	uncertain	ADJ
spir-14020	23	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	23	8	requires	require	VERB
spir-14020	23	9	forced	force	VERB
spir-14020	23	10	visibility	visibility	NOUN
spir-14020	23	11	on	on	ADP
spir-14020	23	12	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14020	23	13	in	in	ADP
spir-14020	23	14	ways	way	NOUN
spir-14020	23	15	that	that	PRON
spir-14020	23	16	deepen	deepen	VERB
spir-14020	23	17	vulnerability	vulnerability	NOUN
spir-14020	23	18	in	in	ADP
spir-14020	23	19	a	a	DET
spir-14020	23	20	highly	highly	ADV
spir-14020	23	21	precarious	precarious	ADJ
spir-14020	23	22	life	life	NOUN
spir-14020	23	23	situation	situation	NOUN
spir-14020	23	24	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	24	1	the	the	DET
spir-14020	24	2	research	research	NOUN
spir-14020	24	3	shows	show	VERB
spir-14020	24	4	the	the	DET
spir-14020	24	5	significance	significance	NOUN
spir-14020	24	6	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	24	7	the	the	DET
spir-14020	24	8	role	role	NOUN
spir-14020	24	9	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	24	10	migrants	migrant	NOUN
spir-14020	24	11	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14020	24	12	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	24	13	refugees	refugee	NOUN
spir-14020	24	14	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14020	24	15	affective	affective	NOUN
spir-14020	24	16	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14020	24	17	forced	forced	ADJ
spir-14020	24	18	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14020	24	19	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-14020	24	20	labor	labor	NOUN
spir-14020	24	21	in	in	ADP
spir-14020	24	22	sharing	share	VERB
spir-14020	24	23	experiences	experience	NOUN
spir-14020	24	24	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	24	25	rating	rating	NOUN
spir-14020	24	26	services	service	NOUN
spir-14020	24	27	on	on	ADP
spir-14020	24	28	these	these	DET
spir-14020	24	29	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14020	24	30	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	25	1	however	however	ADV
spir-14020	25	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	25	3	at	at	ADP
spir-14020	25	4	the	the	DET
spir-14020	25	5	same	same	ADJ
spir-14020	25	6	time	time	NOUN
spir-14020	25	7	the	the	DET
spir-14020	25	8	social	social	ADJ
spir-14020	25	9	network	network	NOUN
spir-14020	25	10	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	25	11	peers	peer	NOUN
spir-14020	25	12	enables	enable	VERB
spir-14020	25	13	filtering	filter	VERB
spir-14020	25	14	safe	safe	ADJ
spir-14020	25	15	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	25	16	trustworthy	trustworthy	ADJ
spir-14020	25	17	services	service	NOUN
spir-14020	25	18	from	from	ADP
spir-14020	25	19	those	those	PRON
spir-14020	25	20	that	that	PRON
spir-14020	25	21	are	be	AUX
spir-14020	25	22	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ
spir-14020	25	23	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	25	24	overpriced	overpriced	ADJ
spir-14020	25	25	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	25	26	predatory	predatory	NOUN
spir-14020	25	27	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	26	1	thus	thus	ADV
spir-14020	26	2	sharing	share	VERB
spir-14020	26	3	experiences	experience	NOUN
spir-14020	26	4	with	with	ADP
spir-14020	26	5	others	other	NOUN
spir-14020	26	6	has	have	AUX
spir-14020	26	7	become	become	VERB
spir-14020	26	8	central	central	ADJ
spir-14020	26	9	in	in	ADP
spir-14020	26	10	tackling	tackle	VERB
spir-14020	26	11	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN
spir-14020	26	12	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	26	13	reducing	reduce	VERB
spir-14020	26	14	risks	risk	NOUN
spir-14020	26	15	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	27	1	overall	overall	ADJ
spir-14020	27	2	the	the	DET
spir-14020	27	3	research	research	NOUN
spir-14020	27	4	shows	show	VERB
spir-14020	27	5	how	how	SCONJ
spir-14020	27	6	the	the	DET
spir-14020	27	7	industry	industry	NOUN
spir-14020	27	8	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	27	9	human	human	ADJ
spir-14020	27	10	smuggling	smuggling	NOUN
spir-14020	27	11	operates	operate	VERB
spir-14020	27	12	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
spir-14020	27	13	on	on	ADP
spir-14020	27	14	social	social	ADJ
spir-14020	27	15	media	medium	NOUN
spir-14020	27	16	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	27	17	follows	follow	VERB
spir-14020	27	18	the	the	DET
spir-14020	27	19	logics	logic	NOUN
spir-14020	27	20	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	27	21	platformization	platformization	NOUN
spir-14020	27	22	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14020	27	23	helmond	helmond	NOUN
spir-14020	27	24	2015	2015	NUM
spir-14020	27	25	;	;	PUNCT
spir-14020	27	26	van	van	PROPN
spir-14020	27	27	dijck	dijck	NOUN
spir-14020	27	28	et	et	PROPN
spir-14020	27	29	al	al	PROPN
spir-14020	27	30	2018	2018	NUM
spir-14020	27	31	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14020	27	32	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	28	1	it	it	PRON
spir-14020	28	2	is	be	AUX
spir-14020	28	3	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14020	28	4	informal	informal	ADJ
spir-14020	28	5	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	28	6	irregular	irregular	ADJ
spir-14020	28	7	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14020	28	8	work	work	NOUN
spir-14020	28	9	that	that	PRON
spir-14020	28	10	is	be	AUX
spir-14020	28	11	facilitated	facilitate	VERB
spir-14020	28	12	by	by	ADP
spir-14020	28	13	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14020	28	14	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14020	28	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	28	16	organized	organize	VERB
spir-14020	28	17	via	via	ADP
spir-14020	28	18	online	online	ADV
spir-14020	28	19	but	but	CCONJ
spir-14020	28	20	requires	require	VERB
spir-14020	28	21	spatial	spatial	ADJ
spir-14020	28	22	proximity	proximity	NOUN
spir-14020	28	23	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	28	24	temporal	temporal	ADJ
spir-14020	28	25	synchronicity	synchronicity	NOUN
spir-14020	28	26	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14020	28	27	kluzik	kluzik	NOUN
spir-14020	28	28	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14020	28	29	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14020	28	30	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	28	31	relies	rely	VERB
spir-14020	28	32	on	on	ADP
spir-14020	28	33	the	the	DET
spir-14020	28	34	affective	affective	NOUN
spir-14020	28	35	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	28	36	forced	force	VERB
spir-14020	28	37	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-14020	28	38	labor	labor	NOUN
spir-14020	28	39	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	28	40	people	people	NOUN
spir-14020	28	41	in	in	ADP
spir-14020	28	42	precarious	precarious	ADJ
spir-14020	28	43	life	life	NOUN
spir-14020	28	44	situations	situation	NOUN
spir-14020	28	45	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	29	1	while	while	SCONJ
spir-14020	29	2	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14020	29	3	benefit	benefit	VERB
spir-14020	29	4	from	from	ADP
spir-14020	29	5	the	the	DET
spir-14020	29	6	traffic	traffic	NOUN
spir-14020	29	7	on	on	ADP
spir-14020	29	8	these	these	DET
spir-14020	29	9	sites	site	NOUN
spir-14020	29	10	they	they	PRON
spir-14020	29	11	may	may	AUX
spir-14020	29	12	claim	claim	VERB
spir-14020	29	13	ignorance	ignorance	NOUN
spir-14020	29	14	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	29	15	the	the	DET
spir-14020	29	16	risks	risk	NOUN
spir-14020	29	17	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	29	18	illegal	illegal	ADJ
spir-14020	29	19	nature	nature	NOUN
spir-14020	29	20	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	29	21	the	the	DET
spir-14020	29	22	markets	market	NOUN
spir-14020	29	23	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	29	24	at	at	ADP
spir-14020	29	25	the	the	DET
spir-14020	29	26	same	same	ADJ
spir-14020	29	27	time	time	NOUN
spir-14020	29	28	render	render	VERB
spir-14020	29	29	all	all	DET
spir-14020	29	30	parties	party	NOUN
spir-14020	29	31	involved	involve	VERB
spir-14020	29	32	prone	prone	ADJ
spir-14020	29	33	to	to	ADP
spir-14020	29	34	data	datum	NOUN
spir-14020	29	35	surveillance	surveillance	NOUN
spir-14020	29	36	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	29	37	control	control	NOUN
spir-14020	29	38	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	30	1	the	the	DET
spir-14020	30	2	rise	rise	NOUN
spir-14020	30	3	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	30	4	such	such	ADJ
spir-14020	30	5	industry	industry	NOUN
spir-14020	30	6	without	without	ADP
spir-14020	30	7	regulation	regulation	NOUN
spir-14020	30	8	or	or	CCONJ
spir-14020	30	9	safety	safety	NOUN
spir-14020	30	10	can	can	AUX
spir-14020	30	11	be	be	AUX
spir-14020	30	12	seen	see	VERB
spir-14020	30	13	highly	highly	ADV
spir-14020	30	14	problematic	problematic	ADJ
spir-14020	30	15	in	in	ADP
spir-14020	30	16	making	make	VERB
spir-14020	30	17	profit	profit	NOUN
spir-14020	30	18	on	on	ADP
spir-14020	30	19	people	people	NOUN
spir-14020	30	20	in	in	ADP
spir-14020	30	21	precarious	precarious	ADJ
spir-14020	30	22	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	30	23	often	often	ADV
spir-14020	30	24	desperate	desperate	ADJ
spir-14020	30	25	situations	situation	NOUN
spir-14020	30	26	as	as	ADV
spir-14020	30	27	well	well	ADV
spir-14020	30	28	as	as	ADP
spir-14020	30	29	offering	offer	VERB
spir-14020	30	30	space	space	NOUN
spir-14020	30	31	for	for	ADP
spir-14020	30	32	potentially	potentially	ADV
spir-14020	30	33	risky	risky	ADJ
spir-14020	30	34	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	30	35	predatory	predatory	ADJ
spir-14020	30	36	entrepreneurship	entrepreneurship	NOUN
spir-14020	30	37	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	31	1	however	however	ADV
spir-14020	31	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	31	3	at	at	ADP
spir-14020	31	4	the	the	DET
spir-14020	31	5	same	same	ADJ
spir-14020	31	6	time	time	NOUN
spir-14020	31	7	the	the	DET
spir-14020	31	8	transition	transition	NOUN
spir-14020	31	9	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	31	10	smuggling	smuggling	NOUN
spir-14020	31	11	markets	market	NOUN
spir-14020	31	12	to	to	ADP
spir-14020	31	13	social	social	ADJ
spir-14020	31	14	media	medium	NOUN
spir-14020	31	15	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14020	31	16	can	can	AUX
spir-14020	31	17	also	also	ADV
spir-14020	31	18	be	be	AUX
spir-14020	31	19	considered	consider	VERB
spir-14020	31	20	at	at	ADP
spir-14020	31	21	some	some	DET
spir-14020	31	22	level	level	NOUN
spir-14020	31	23	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	31	24	to	to	PART
spir-14020	31	25	increase	increase	VERB
spir-14020	31	26	the	the	DET
spir-14020	31	27	safety	safety	NOUN
spir-14020	31	28	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	31	29	migrants	migrant	NOUN
spir-14020	31	30	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	31	31	refugees	refugee	NOUN
spir-14020	31	32	due	due	ADJ
spir-14020	31	33	to	to	ADP
spir-14020	31	34	information	information	NOUN
spir-14020	31	35	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	31	36	evaluations	evaluation	NOUN
spir-14020	31	37	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	31	38	reviews	review	NOUN
spir-14020	31	39	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	31	40	recommendations	recommendation	NOUN
spir-14020	31	41	shared	share	VERB
spir-14020	31	42	among	among	ADP
spir-14020	31	43	peers	peer	NOUN
spir-14020	31	44	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	32	1	the	the	DET
spir-14020	32	2	implications	implication	NOUN
spir-14020	32	3	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	32	4	the	the	DET
spir-14020	32	5	platformization	platformization	NOUN
spir-14020	32	6	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	32	7	the	the	DET
spir-14020	32	8	smuggling	smuggling	NOUN
spir-14020	32	9	industry	industry	NOUN
spir-14020	32	10	are	be	AUX
spir-14020	32	11	complex	complex	ADJ
spir-14020	32	12	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	32	13	echo	echo	VERB
spir-14020	32	14	the	the	DET
spir-14020	32	15	ambivalent	ambivalent	ADJ
spir-14020	32	16	consequences	consequence	NOUN
spir-14020	32	17	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	32	18	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14020	32	19	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14020	32	20	at	at	ADP
spir-14020	32	21	large	large	ADJ
spir-14020	32	22	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	33	1	markets	market	NOUN
spir-14020	33	2	that	that	PRON
spir-14020	33	3	are	be	AUX
spir-14020	33	4	born	bear	VERB
spir-14020	33	5	under	under	ADP
spir-14020	33	6	crisis	crisis	NOUN
spir-14020	33	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	33	8	in	in	ADP
spir-14020	33	9	deeply	deeply	ADV
spir-14020	33	10	unequal	unequal	ADJ
spir-14020	33	11	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
spir-14020	33	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	33	13	when	when	SCONJ
spir-14020	33	14	merging	merge	VERB
spir-14020	33	15	with	with	ADP
spir-14020	33	16	inequalities	inequality	NOUN
spir-14020	33	17	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	33	18	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14020	33	19	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14020	33	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	33	21	are	be	AUX
spir-14020	33	22	not	not	PART
spir-14020	33	23	likely	likely	ADJ
spir-14020	33	24	to	to	PART
spir-14020	33	25	turn	turn	VERB
spir-14020	33	26	fair	fair	ADJ
spir-14020	33	27	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	33	28	safe	safe	ADJ
spir-14020	33	29	yet	yet	CCONJ
spir-14020	33	30	some	some	DET
spir-14020	33	31	unexpected	unexpected	ADJ
spir-14020	33	32	beneficial	beneficial	ADJ
spir-14020	33	33	consequences	consequence	NOUN
spir-14020	33	34	may	may	AUX
spir-14020	33	35	arise	arise	VERB
spir-14020	33	36	in	in	ADP
spir-14020	33	37	these	these	DET
spir-14020	33	38	emergent	emergent	ADJ
spir-14020	33	39	contexts	contexts	NOUN
spir-14020	33	40	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	34	1	the	the	DET
spir-14020	34	2	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-14020	34	3	further	far	ADV
spir-14020	34	4	discusses	discuss	VERB
spir-14020	34	5	the	the	DET
spir-14020	34	6	social	social	ADJ
spir-14020	34	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	34	8	political	political	ADJ
spir-14020	34	9	implications	implication	NOUN
spir-14020	34	10	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	34	11	the	the	DET
spir-14020	34	12	platformization	platformization	NOUN
spir-14020	34	13	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	34	14	migration	migration	NOUN
spir-14020	34	15	mobility	mobility	NOUN
spir-14020	34	16	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	34	17	the	the	DET
spir-14020	34	18	role	role	NOUN
spir-14020	34	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	34	20	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN
spir-14020	34	21	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	34	22	eu	eu	PROPN
spir-14020	34	23	policy	policy	NOUN
spir-14020	34	24	in	in	ADP
spir-14020	34	25	the	the	DET
spir-14020	34	26	advent	advent	NOUN
spir-14020	34	27	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	34	28	it	it	PRON
spir-14020	34	29	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	35	1	references	reference	NOUN
spir-14020	35	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14020	35	3	augustova	augustova	PROPN
spir-14020	35	4	k.	k.	PROPN
spir-14020	35	5	,carrapico	,carrapico	PROPN
spir-14020	35	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	35	7	h.	h.	PROPN
spir-14020	35	8	&	&	CCONJ
spir-14020	35	9	obradović	obradović	PROPN
spir-14020	35	10	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14020	35	11	wochnik	wochnik	X
spir-14020	35	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	35	13	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-14020	35	14	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14020	35	15	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14020	35	16	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14020	35	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	36	1	becoming	become	VERB
spir-14020	36	2	a	a	DET
spir-14020	36	3	smuggler	smuggler	NOUN
spir-14020	36	4	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14020	36	5	migration	migration	NOUN
spir-14020	36	6	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	36	7	violence	violence	NOUN
spir-14020	36	8	at	at	ADP
spir-14020	36	9	eu	eu	PROPN
spir-14020	36	10	external	external	ADJ
spir-14020	36	11	borders	border	NOUN
spir-14020	36	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	36	13	geopolitics	geopolitic	NOUN
spir-14020	36	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	36	15	28:2	28:2	NUM
spir-14020	36	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	36	17	619	619	NUM
spir-14020	36	18	-	-	SYM
spir-14020	36	19	640	640	NUM
spir-14020	36	20	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	37	1	black	black	ADJ
spir-14020	37	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	37	3	r.	r.	PROPN
spir-14020	37	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14020	37	5	2003	2003	NUM
spir-14020	37	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14020	37	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	38	1	breaking	break	VERB
spir-14020	38	2	the	the	DET
spir-14020	38	3	convention	convention	NOUN
spir-14020	38	4	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14020	38	5	researching	research	VERB
spir-14020	38	6	the	the	DET
spir-14020	38	7	“	"	PUNCT
spir-14020	38	8	illegal	illegal	ADJ
spir-14020	38	9	”	"	PUNCT
spir-14020	38	10	migration	migration	NOUN
spir-14020	38	11	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	38	12	refugees	refugee	NOUN
spir-14020	38	13	to	to	ADP
spir-14020	38	14	europe	europe	PROPN
spir-14020	38	15	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	39	1	antipode	antipode	PROPN
spir-14020	39	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	39	3	35(1	35(1	NUM
spir-14020	39	4	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14020	39	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	39	6	34–54	34–54	NUM
spir-14020	39	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	39	8	borkert	borkert	PROPN
spir-14020	39	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	39	10	m.	m.	NOUN
spir-14020	39	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	39	12	fisher	fisher	PROPN
spir-14020	39	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	39	14	k.	k.	PROPN
spir-14020	39	15	e.	e.	PROPN
spir-14020	39	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	39	17	&	&	CCONJ
spir-14020	39	18	yafi	yafi	PROPN
spir-14020	39	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	39	20	e.	e.	PROPN
spir-14020	39	21	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14020	39	22	2018	2018	NUM
spir-14020	39	23	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14020	39	24	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	40	1	the	the	DET
spir-14020	40	2	best	good	ADJ
spir-14020	40	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	40	4	the	the	DET
spir-14020	40	5	worst	bad	ADJ
spir-14020	40	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	40	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	40	8	the	the	DET
spir-14020	40	9	hardest	hard	ADJ
spir-14020	40	10	to	to	PART
spir-14020	40	11	find	find	VERB
spir-14020	40	12	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14020	40	13	how	how	SCONJ
spir-14020	40	14	people	people	NOUN
spir-14020	40	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	40	16	mobiles	mobile	NOUN
spir-14020	40	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	40	18	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	40	19	social	social	ADJ
spir-14020	40	20	media	medium	NOUN
spir-14020	40	21	connect	connect	VERB
spir-14020	40	22	migrants	migrant	NOUN
spir-14020	40	23	in(to	in(to	NOUN
spir-14020	40	24	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14020	40	25	europe	europe	PROPN
spir-14020	40	26	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	41	1	social	social	ADJ
spir-14020	41	2	media	medium	NOUN
spir-14020	41	3	+	+	CCONJ
spir-14020	41	4	society	society	NOUN
spir-14020	41	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	41	6	4(1	4(1	NUM
spir-14020	41	7	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14020	41	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	42	1	campana	campana	PROPN
spir-14020	42	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	42	3	p.	p.	NOUN
spir-14020	42	4	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	42	5	gelsthorpe	gelsthorpe	PROPN
spir-14020	42	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	42	7	l.	l.	PROPN
spir-14020	42	8	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14020	42	9	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14020	42	10	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14020	42	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	43	1	choosing	choose	VERB
spir-14020	43	2	a	a	DET
spir-14020	43	3	smuggler	smuggler	NOUN
spir-14020	43	4	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14020	43	5	decision	decision	NOUN
spir-14020	43	6	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14020	43	7	making	making	NOUN
spir-14020	43	8	amongst	amongst	ADP
spir-14020	43	9	migrants	migrant	NOUN
spir-14020	43	10	smuggled	smuggle	VERB
spir-14020	43	11	to	to	ADP
spir-14020	43	12	europe	europe	PROPN
spir-14020	43	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	44	1	european	european	PROPN
spir-14020	44	2	journal	journal	PROPN
spir-14020	44	3	on	on	ADP
spir-14020	44	4	criminal	criminal	ADJ
spir-14020	44	5	policy	policy	NOUN
spir-14020	44	6	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	44	7	research	research	NOUN
spir-14020	44	8	27:5	27:5	NUM
spir-14020	44	9	-	-	SYM
spir-14020	44	10	21	21	NUM
spir-14020	44	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	45	1	gehl	gehl	PROPN
spir-14020	45	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	45	3	r.	r.	PROPN
spir-14020	45	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14020	45	5	2018	2018	NUM
spir-14020	45	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14020	45	7	weaving	weave	VERB
spir-14020	45	8	the	the	DET
spir-14020	45	9	dark	dark	ADJ
spir-14020	45	10	web	web	NOUN
spir-14020	45	11	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14020	45	12	legitimacy	legitimacy	NOUN
spir-14020	45	13	on	on	ADP
spir-14020	45	14	freenet	freenet	PROPN
spir-14020	45	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	45	16	tor	tor	PROPN
spir-14020	45	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	45	18	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	45	19	i2p	i2p	PROPN
spir-14020	45	20	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	45	21	mit	mit	PROPN
spir-14020	45	22	press	press	NOUN
spir-14020	45	23	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	46	1	gopalan	gopalan	ADJ
spir-14020	46	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	46	3	r	r	NOUN
spir-14020	46	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14020	46	5	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14020	46	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14020	46	7	social	social	ADJ
spir-14020	46	8	networks	network	NOUN
spir-14020	46	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	46	10	human	human	ADJ
spir-14020	46	11	trafficking	trafficking	NOUN
spir-14020	46	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	47	1	in	in	ADP
spir-14020	47	2	boskovic	boskovic	ADJ
spir-14020	47	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	47	4	m	m	PRON
spir-14020	47	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	47	6	misev	misev	VERB
spir-14020	47	7	g	g	PROPN
spir-14020	47	8	&	&	CCONJ
spir-14020	47	9	putnik	putnik	PROPN
spir-14020	47	10	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14020	47	11	eds	ed	NOUN
spir-14020	47	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	47	13	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14020	48	1	analyzing	analyze	VERB
spir-14020	48	2	new	new	ADJ
spir-14020	48	3	forms	form	NOUN
spir-14020	48	4	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	48	5	social	social	ADJ
spir-14020	48	6	disorders	disorder	NOUN
spir-14020	48	7	in	in	ADP
spir-14020	48	8	modern	modern	ADJ
spir-14020	48	9	virtual	virtual	ADJ
spir-14020	48	10	environments	environment	NOUN
spir-14020	48	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	49	1	igi	igi	ADJ
spir-14020	49	2	-	-	ADJ
spir-14020	49	3	global	global	ADJ
spir-14020	49	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	50	1	helmond	helmond	PROPN
spir-14020	50	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	50	3	a.	a.	NOUN
spir-14020	50	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14020	50	5	2015	2015	NUM
spir-14020	50	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14020	50	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	51	1	the	the	DET
spir-14020	51	2	platformization	platformization	NOUN
spir-14020	51	3	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	51	4	the	the	DET
spir-14020	51	5	web	web	NOUN
spir-14020	51	6	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14020	51	7	making	make	VERB
spir-14020	51	8	web	web	NOUN
spir-14020	51	9	data	datum	NOUN
spir-14020	51	10	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14020	51	11	ready	ready	ADJ
spir-14020	51	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	52	1	social	social	ADJ
spir-14020	52	2	media	medium	NOUN
spir-14020	52	3	+	+	CCONJ
spir-14020	52	4	society	society	NOUN
spir-14020	52	5	july	july	PROPN
spir-14020	52	6	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14020	52	7	december	december	PROPN
spir-14020	52	8	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14020	53	1	1–11	1–11	PROPN
spir-14020	53	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	53	3	hine	hine	PROPN
spir-14020	53	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	53	5	c.	c.	PROPN
spir-14020	53	6	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14020	53	7	2000	2000	NUM
spir-14020	53	8	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14020	53	9	virtual	virtual	ADJ
spir-14020	53	10	ethnography	ethnography	NOUN
spir-14020	53	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	54	1	thousand	thousand	NUM
spir-14020	54	2	oaks	oak	NOUN
spir-14020	54	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	54	4	ca	can	AUX
spir-14020	54	5	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14020	54	6	sage	sage	VERB
spir-14020	54	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	55	1	kluzik	kluzik	PROPN
spir-14020	55	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	55	3	v.	v.	PROPN
spir-14020	55	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14020	55	5	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14020	55	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14020	55	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	56	1	governing	govern	VERB
spir-14020	56	2	invisibility	invisibility	NOUN
spir-14020	56	3	in	in	ADP
spir-14020	56	4	the	the	DET
spir-14020	56	5	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14020	56	6	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14020	56	7	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14020	56	8	excavating	excavate	VERB
spir-14020	56	9	the	the	DET
spir-14020	56	10	logics	logic	NOUN
spir-14020	56	11	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	56	12	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14020	56	13	care	care	NOUN
spir-14020	56	14	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	57	1	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-14020	57	2	policy	policy	NOUN
spir-14020	57	3	review	review	NOUN
spir-14020	57	4	11(1	11(1	NUM
spir-14020	57	5	):	):	PUNCT
spir-14020	57	6	1	1	NUM
spir-14020	57	7	-	-	SYM
spir-14020	57	8	21	21	NUM
spir-14020	57	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	58	1	raets	raet	NOUN
spir-14020	58	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	58	3	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-14020	58	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	58	5	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	58	6	janssens	janssen	NOUN
spir-14020	58	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	58	8	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-14020	58	9	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14020	58	10	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14020	58	11	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14020	58	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	59	1	trafficking	trafficking	NOUN
spir-14020	59	2	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	59	3	technology	technology	NOUN
spir-14020	59	4	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14020	59	5	exploring	explore	VERB
spir-14020	59	6	the	the	DET
spir-14020	59	7	role	role	NOUN
spir-14020	59	8	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	59	9	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-14020	59	10	communication	communication	NOUN
spir-14020	59	11	technologies	technology	NOUN
spir-14020	59	12	in	in	ADP
spir-14020	59	13	the	the	DET
spir-14020	59	14	belgian	belgian	ADJ
spir-14020	59	15	human	human	ADJ
spir-14020	59	16	trafficking	trafficking	NOUN
spir-14020	59	17	business	business	NOUN
spir-14020	59	18	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	60	1	eur	eur	PROPN
spir-14020	60	2	j	j	PROPN
spir-14020	60	3	crim	crim	PROPN
spir-14020	60	4	policy	policy	PROPN
spir-14020	60	5	res	re	VERB
spir-14020	60	6	27	27	NUM
spir-14020	60	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	60	8	215–238	215–238	NUM
spir-14020	60	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	61	1	stone	stone	NOUN
spir-14020	61	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	61	3	p.	p.	NOUN
spir-14020	61	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14020	61	5	2013	2013	NUM
spir-14020	61	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14020	61	7	dark	dark	ADJ
spir-14020	61	8	tourism	tourism	NOUN
spir-14020	61	9	scholarship	scholarship	NOUN
spir-14020	61	10	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14020	61	11	a	a	DET
spir-14020	61	12	critical	critical	ADJ
spir-14020	61	13	review	review	NOUN
spir-14020	61	14	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	62	1	international	international	ADJ
spir-14020	62	2	journal	journal	PROPN
spir-14020	62	3	of	of	ADP
spir-14020	62	4	culture	culture	NOUN
spir-14020	62	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	62	6	tourism	tourism	NOUN
spir-14020	62	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14020	62	8	hospitality	hospitality	NOUN
spir-14020	62	9	research	research	NOUN
spir-14020	62	10	7(3	7(3	NUM
spir-14020	62	11	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14020	62	12	307	307	NUM
spir-14020	62	13	-	-	SYM
spir-14020	62	14	318	318	NUM
spir-14020	62	15	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	63	1	van	van	PROPN
spir-14020	63	2	dijck	dijck	PROPN
spir-14020	63	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	63	4	j.	j.	PROPN
spir-14020	63	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	63	6	poell	poell	PROPN
spir-14020	63	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	63	8	t.	t.	PROPN
spir-14020	63	9	&	&	CCONJ
spir-14020	63	10	de	de	PROPN
spir-14020	63	11	wall	wall	PROPN
spir-14020	63	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14020	63	13	m.	m.	NOUN
spir-14020	63	14	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14020	63	15	2018	2018	NUM
spir-14020	63	16	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14020	63	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	64	1	the	the	DET
spir-14020	64	2	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14020	64	3	society	society	NOUN
spir-14020	64	4	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14020	64	5	public	public	ADJ
spir-14020	64	6	values	value	NOUN
spir-14020	64	7	in	in	ADP
spir-14020	64	8	a	a	DET
spir-14020	64	9	connective	connective	ADJ
spir-14020	64	10	world	world	NOUN
spir-14020	64	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	65	1	oxford	oxford	PROPN
spir-14020	65	2	university	university	PROPN
spir-14020	65	3	press	press	NOUN
spir-14020	65	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14020	66	1	https://www.igi-global.com/book/analyzing-new-forms-social-disorders/297131	https://www.igi-global.com/book/analyzing-new-forms-social-disorders/297131	X