id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
spir-14088	1	1	selected	select	VERB
spir-14088	1	2	papers	paper	NOUN
spir-14088	1	3	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	1	4	#	#	SYM
spir-14088	1	5	aoir2024	aoir2024	PROPN
spir-14088	1	6	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	1	7	the	the	DET
spir-14088	1	8	25th	25th	ADJ
spir-14088	1	9	annual	annual	ADJ
spir-14088	1	10	conference	conference	NOUN
spir-14088	1	11	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	1	12	the	the	DET
spir-14088	1	13	association	association	NOUN
spir-14088	1	14	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	1	15	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-14088	1	16	researchers	researcher	NOUN
spir-14088	1	17	sheffield	sheffield	PROPN
spir-14088	1	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	1	19	uk	uk	PROPN
spir-14088	1	20	/	/	SYM
spir-14088	1	21	30	30	NUM
spir-14088	1	22	oct	oct	NOUN
spir-14088	1	23	2	2	NUM
spir-14088	1	24	nov	nov	PROPN
spir-14088	1	25	2024	2024	NUM
spir-14088	1	26	suggested	suggest	VERB
spir-14088	1	27	citation	citation	NOUN
spir-14088	1	28	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	1	29	apa	apa	PROPN
spir-14088	1	30	):	):	PUNCT
spir-14088	1	31	van	van	PROPN
spir-14088	1	32	der	der	PROPN
spir-14088	1	33	vlist	vlist	PROPN
spir-14088	1	34	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	1	35	f.	f.	PROPN
spir-14088	1	36	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	1	37	helmond	helmond	PROPN
spir-14088	1	38	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	1	39	a.	a.	NOUN
spir-14088	1	40	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	1	41	luitse	luitse	ADJ
spir-14088	1	42	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	1	43	d.	d.	PROPN
spir-14088	1	44	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	1	45	rieder	rieder	NOUN
spir-14088	1	46	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	1	47	b.	b.	PROPN
spir-14088	1	48	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	1	49	hind	hind	PROPN
spir-14088	1	50	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	1	51	s.	s.	PROPN
spir-14088	1	52	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	1	53	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	1	54	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	1	55	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	2	1	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	2	2	2024	2024	NUM
spir-14088	2	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	2	4	october	october	PROPN
spir-14088	2	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	2	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	3	1	the	the	DET
spir-14088	3	2	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	3	3	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	3	4	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	3	5	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	3	6	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	3	7	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	3	8	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	3	9	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	3	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	3	11	power	power	NOUN
spir-14088	3	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	3	13	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	3	14	the	the	DET
spir-14088	3	15	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	3	16	industry	industry	NOUN
spir-14088	3	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	4	1	panel	panel	NOUN
spir-14088	4	2	presented	present	VERB
spir-14088	4	3	at	at	ADP
spir-14088	4	4	aoir2024	aoir2024	PROPN
spir-14088	4	5	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	4	6	the	the	DET
spir-14088	4	7	25th	25th	ADJ
spir-14088	4	8	annual	annual	ADJ
spir-14088	4	9	conference	conference	NOUN
spir-14088	4	10	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	4	11	the	the	DET
spir-14088	4	12	association	association	NOUN
spir-14088	4	13	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	4	14	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-14088	4	15	researchers	researcher	NOUN
spir-14088	4	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	5	1	sheffield	sheffield	PROPN
spir-14088	5	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	5	3	uk	uk	PROPN
spir-14088	5	4	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	5	5	aoir	aoir	NOUN
spir-14088	5	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	5	7	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
spir-14088	5	8	from	from	ADP
spir-14088	5	9	http://spir.aoir.org	http://spir.aoir.org	PROPN
spir-14088	5	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	6	1	the	the	DET
spir-14088	6	2	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	6	3	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	6	4	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	6	5	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	6	6	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	6	7	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	6	8	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	6	9	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	6	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	6	11	power	power	NOUN
spir-14088	6	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	6	13	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	6	14	the	the	DET
spir-14088	6	15	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	6	16	industry	industry	NOUN
spir-14088	6	17	fernando	fernando	PROPN
spir-14088	6	18	van	van	PROPN
spir-14088	6	19	der	der	PROPN
spir-14088	6	20	vlist	vlist	PROPN
spir-14088	6	21	university	university	PROPN
spir-14088	6	22	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	6	23	amsterdam	amsterdam	PROPN
spir-14088	6	24	anne	anne	PROPN
spir-14088	6	25	helmond	helmond	PROPN
spir-14088	6	26	utrecht	utrecht	PROPN
spir-14088	6	27	university	university	PROPN
spir-14088	6	28	dieuwertje	dieuwertje	PROPN
spir-14088	6	29	maria	maria	PROPN
spir-14088	6	30	rebecca	rebecca	PROPN
spir-14088	6	31	luitse	luitse	PROPN
spir-14088	6	32	university	university	PROPN
spir-14088	6	33	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	6	34	amsterdam	amsterdam	PROPN
spir-14088	6	35	bernhard	bernhard	PROPN
spir-14088	6	36	rieder	rieder	PROPN
spir-14088	6	37	university	university	PROPN
spir-14088	6	38	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	6	39	amsterdam	amsterdam	PROPN
spir-14088	6	40	sam	sam	PROPN
spir-14088	6	41	hind	hind	PROPN
spir-14088	6	42	university	university	PROPN
spir-14088	6	43	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	6	44	manchester	manchester	PROPN
spir-14088	6	45	max	max	PROPN
spir-14088	6	46	kanderske	kanderske	PROPN
spir-14088	6	47	university	university	PROPN
spir-14088	6	48	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	6	49	siegen	siegen	PROPN
spir-14088	6	50	the	the	DET
spir-14088	6	51	artificial	artificial	ADJ
spir-14088	6	52	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
spir-14088	6	53	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	6	54	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	6	55	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	6	56	sector	sector	NOUN
spir-14088	6	57	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	6	58	experiencing	experience	VERB
spir-14088	6	59	rapid	rapid	ADJ
spir-14088	6	60	growth	growth	NOUN
spir-14088	6	61	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	6	62	with	with	ADP
spir-14088	6	63	a	a	DET
spir-14088	6	64	projected	project	VERB
spir-14088	6	65	market	market	NOUN
spir-14088	6	66	size	size	NOUN
spir-14088	6	67	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	6	68	$	$	SYM
spir-14088	6	69	1.3	1.3	NUM
spir-14088	6	70	trillion	trillion	NUM
spir-14088	6	71	by	by	ADP
spir-14088	6	72	2032	2032	NUM
spir-14088	6	73	according	accord	VERB
spir-14088	6	74	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	6	75	industry	industry	NOUN
spir-14088	6	76	reports	report	NOUN
spir-14088	6	77	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	6	78	bloomberg	bloomberg	NOUN
spir-14088	6	79	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	6	80	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14088	6	81	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	6	82	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	7	1	the	the	DET
spir-14088	7	2	landscape	landscape	NOUN
spir-14088	7	3	shifted	shift	VERB
spir-14088	7	4	significantly	significantly	ADV
spir-14088	7	5	with	with	ADP
spir-14088	7	6	the	the	DET
spir-14088	7	7	launch	launch	NOUN
spir-14088	7	8	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	7	9	chatgpt	chatgpt	NOUN
spir-14088	7	10	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	7	11	late	late	ADJ
spir-14088	7	12	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	7	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	7	14	prompting	prompt	VERB
spir-14088	7	15	major	major	ADJ
spir-14088	7	16	players	player	NOUN
spir-14088	7	17	like	like	ADP
spir-14088	7	18	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	7	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	7	20	amazon	amazon	PROPN
spir-14088	7	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	7	22	microsoft	microsoft	PROPN
spir-14088	7	23	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	7	24	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	7	25	meta	meta	ADJ
spir-14088	7	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	7	27	alongside	alongside	ADP
spir-14088	7	28	popular	popular	ADJ
spir-14088	7	29	apps	app	NOUN
spir-14088	7	30	such	such	ADJ
spir-14088	7	31	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	7	32	tiktok	tiktok	NOUN
spir-14088	7	33	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	7	34	snapchat	snapchat	PROPN
spir-14088	7	35	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	7	36	to	to	PART
spir-14088	7	37	make	make	VERB
spir-14088	7	38	substantial	substantial	ADJ
spir-14088	7	39	investments	investment	NOUN
spir-14088	7	40	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	7	41	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	7	42	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	8	1	there	there	PRON
spir-14088	8	2	has	have	AUX
spir-14088	8	3	been	be	AUX
spir-14088	8	4	an	an	DET
spir-14088	8	5	influx	influx	NOUN
spir-14088	8	6	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	8	7	new	new	ADJ
spir-14088	8	8	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	8	9	products	product	NOUN
spir-14088	8	10	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	8	11	updates	update	NOUN
spir-14088	8	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	8	13	reshaping	reshape	VERB
spir-14088	8	14	the	the	DET
spir-14088	8	15	industry	industry	NOUN
spir-14088	8	16	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	8	17	structure	structure	NOUN
spir-14088	8	18	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	8	19	scale	scale	NOUN
spir-14088	8	20	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	9	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
spir-14088	9	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	9	3	there	there	PRON
spir-14088	9	4	has	have	AUX
spir-14088	9	5	been	be	AUX
spir-14088	9	6	a	a	DET
spir-14088	9	7	surge	surge	NOUN
spir-14088	9	8	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	9	9	acquisitions	acquisition	NOUN
spir-14088	9	10	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	9	11	investments	investment	NOUN
spir-14088	9	12	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	9	13	ai	ai	INTJ
spir-14088	9	14	startups	startup	NOUN
spir-14088	9	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	9	16	particularly	particularly	ADV
spir-14088	9	17	by	by	ADP
spir-14088	9	18	big	big	ADJ
spir-14088	9	19	tech	tech	NOUN
spir-14088	9	20	firms	firm	NOUN
spir-14088	9	21	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	9	22	alcantara	alcantara	PROPN
spir-14088	9	23	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	9	24	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	9	25	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	9	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	9	27	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14088	9	28	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	9	29	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	10	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
spir-14088	10	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	10	3	partnerships	partnership	NOUN
spir-14088	10	4	between	between	ADP
spir-14088	10	5	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	10	6	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	10	7	major	major	ADJ
spir-14088	10	8	tech	tech	NOUN
spir-14088	10	9	companies	company	NOUN
spir-14088	10	10	have	have	AUX
spir-14088	10	11	proliferated	proliferate	VERB
spir-14088	10	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	10	13	solidifying	solidify	VERB
spir-14088	10	14	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	10	15	dominant	dominant	ADJ
spir-14088	10	16	positions	position	NOUN
spir-14088	10	17	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	10	18	kak	kak	PROPN
spir-14088	10	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	10	20	myers	myers	PROPN
spir-14088	10	21	west	west	PROPN
spir-14088	10	22	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14088	10	23	;	;	PUNCT
spir-14088	10	24	jacobides	jacobide	NOUN
spir-14088	10	25	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	10	26	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	10	27	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	10	28	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	10	29	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	10	30	;	;	PUNCT
spir-14088	10	31	van	van	PROPN
spir-14088	10	32	der	der	NOUN
spir-14088	10	33	vlist	vlist	VERB
spir-14088	10	34	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	10	35	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	10	36	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	10	37	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	10	38	2024	2024	NUM
spir-14088	10	39	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	10	40	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	11	1	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	11	2	fact	fact	NOUN
spir-14088	11	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	11	4	as	as	SCONJ
spir-14088	11	5	kak	kak	PROPN
spir-14088	11	6	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	11	7	myers	myers	PROPN
spir-14088	11	8	west	west	PROPN
spir-14088	11	9	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	11	10	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14088	11	11	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	11	12	5	5	NUM
spir-14088	11	13	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	11	14	succinctly	succinctly	ADV
spir-14088	11	15	state	state	NOUN
spir-14088	11	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	11	17	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	11	18	there	there	PRON
spir-14088	11	19	is	be	VERB
spir-14088	11	20	no	no	DET
spir-14088	11	21	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	11	22	without	without	ADP
spir-14088	11	23	big	big	ADJ
spir-14088	11	24	tech	tech	NOUN
spir-14088	11	25	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	11	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	11	27	raising	raise	VERB
spir-14088	11	28	critical	critical	ADJ
spir-14088	11	29	issues	issue	NOUN
spir-14088	11	30	around	around	ADP
spir-14088	11	31	industry	industry	NOUN
spir-14088	11	32	concentration	concentration	NOUN
spir-14088	11	33	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	11	34	the	the	DET
spir-14088	11	35	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	11	36	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	11	37	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	11	38	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	11	39	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	11	40	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
spir-14088	11	41	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	11	42	crawford	crawford	PROPN
spir-14088	11	43	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	11	44	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	11	45	;	;	PUNCT
spir-14088	11	46	ferrari	ferrari	PROPN
spir-14088	11	47	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	11	48	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14088	11	49	;	;	PUNCT
spir-14088	11	50	luitse	luitse	ADJ
spir-14088	11	51	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	11	52	denkena	denkena	NOUN
spir-14088	11	53	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	11	54	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	11	55	;	;	PUNCT
spir-14088	11	56	mackenzie	mackenzie	NOUN
spir-14088	11	57	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	11	58	2019	2019	NUM
spir-14088	11	59	;	;	PUNCT
spir-14088	11	60	narayan	narayan	NOUN
spir-14088	11	61	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	11	62	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	11	63	;	;	PUNCT
spir-14088	11	64	rieder	rieder	NOUN
spir-14088	11	65	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	11	66	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	11	67	;	;	PUNCT
spir-14088	11	68	widder	widder	X
spir-14088	11	69	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	11	70	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	11	71	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	11	72	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	11	73	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14088	11	74	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	11	75	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	12	1	this	this	DET
spir-14088	12	2	panel	panel	NOUN
spir-14088	12	3	posits	posit	VERB
spir-14088	12	4	that	that	SCONJ
spir-14088	12	5	the	the	DET
spir-14088	12	6	driving	drive	VERB
spir-14088	12	7	force	force	NOUN
spir-14088	12	8	behind	behind	ADP
spir-14088	12	9	these	these	DET
spir-14088	12	10	transformative	transformative	ADJ
spir-14088	12	11	shifts	shift	NOUN
spir-14088	12	12	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	12	13	the	the	DET
spir-14088	12	14	evolution	evolution	NOUN
spir-14088	12	15	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	12	16	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	12	17	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	12	18	a	a	DET
spir-14088	12	19	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	12	20	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	13	1	this	this	DET
spir-14088	13	2	evolution	evolution	NOUN
spir-14088	13	3	effectively	effectively	ADV
spir-14088	13	4	propels	propel	VERB
spir-14088	13	5	the	the	DET
spir-14088	13	6	platformisation	platformisation	NOUN
spir-14088	13	7	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	13	8	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	13	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	13	10	facilitating	facilitate	VERB
spir-14088	13	11	the	the	DET
spir-14088	13	12	integration	integration	NOUN
spir-14088	13	13	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	13	14	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	13	15	across	across	ADP
spir-14088	13	16	diverse	diverse	ADJ
spir-14088	13	17	industry	industry	NOUN
spir-14088	13	18	sectors	sector	NOUN
spir-14088	13	19	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	13	20	cf	cf	NOUN
spir-14088	13	21	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	14	1	helmond	helmond	NOUN
spir-14088	14	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	14	3	2015	2015	NUM
spir-14088	14	4	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	14	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	15	1	the	the	DET
spir-14088	15	2	resultant	resultant	NOUN
spir-14088	15	3	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	15	4	industrialisation	industrialisation	NOUN
spir-14088	15	5	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	15	6	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	15	7	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	15	8	marks	mark	NOUN
spir-14088	15	9	the	the	DET
spir-14088	15	10	expansion	expansion	NOUN
spir-14088	15	11	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	15	12	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	15	13	systems	system	NOUN
spir-14088	15	14	across	across	ADP
spir-14088	15	15	various	various	ADJ
spir-14088	15	16	sectors	sector	NOUN
spir-14088	15	17	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	15	18	industries	industry	NOUN
spir-14088	15	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	15	20	triggering	trigger	VERB
spir-14088	15	21	investments	investment	NOUN
spir-14088	15	22	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	15	23	necessary	necessary	ADJ
spir-14088	15	24	computational	computational	ADJ
spir-14088	15	25	resources	resource	NOUN
spir-14088	15	26	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	15	27	posing	pose	VERB
spir-14088	15	28	challenges	challenge	NOUN
spir-14088	15	29	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	15	30	governing	govern	VERB
spir-14088	15	31	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	15	32	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	15	33	van	van	PROPN
spir-14088	15	34	der	der	PROPN
spir-14088	15	35	vlist	vlist	VERB
spir-14088	15	36	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	15	37	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	15	38	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	15	39	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	15	40	2024	2024	NUM
spir-14088	15	41	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	15	42	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	16	1	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	16	2	short	short	ADJ
spir-14088	16	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	16	4	this	this	PRON
spir-14088	16	5	underscores	underscore	VERB
spir-14088	16	6	that	that	SCONJ
spir-14088	16	7	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	16	8	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	16	9	much	much	ADV
spir-14088	16	10	more	more	ADJ
spir-14088	16	11	than	than	ADP
spir-14088	16	12	just	just	ADV
spir-14088	16	13	a	a	DET
spir-14088	16	14	standalone	standalone	ADJ
spir-14088	16	15	application	application	NOUN
spir-14088	16	16	or	or	CCONJ
spir-14088	16	17	tool	tool	NOUN
spir-14088	16	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	16	19	such	such	ADJ
spir-14088	16	20	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	16	21	chatgpt	chatgpt	NOUN
spir-14088	16	22	;	;	PUNCT
spir-14088	16	23	it	it	PRON
spir-14088	16	24	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	16	25	a	a	DET
spir-14088	16	26	foundational	foundational	ADJ
spir-14088	16	27	technical	technical	ADJ
spir-14088	16	28	system	system	NOUN
spir-14088	16	29	that	that	PRON
spir-14088	16	30	underpins	underpin	VERB
spir-14088	16	31	a	a	DET
spir-14088	16	32	broad	broad	ADJ
spir-14088	16	33	array	array	NOUN
spir-14088	16	34	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	16	35	apps	app	NOUN
spir-14088	16	36	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	16	37	services	service	NOUN
spir-14088	16	38	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	17	1	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	17	2	this	this	DET
spir-14088	17	3	context	context	NOUN
spir-14088	17	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	17	5	the	the	DET
spir-14088	17	6	panel	panel	NOUN
spir-14088	17	7	recognises	recognise	VERB
spir-14088	17	8	the	the	DET
spir-14088	17	9	recent	recent	ADJ
spir-14088	17	10	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	17	11	infrastructural	infrastructural	ADJ
spir-14088	17	12	turn	turn	NOUN
spir-14088	17	13	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	17	14	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	17	15	media	medium	NOUN
spir-14088	17	16	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	17	17	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-14088	17	18	studies	study	NOUN
spir-14088	17	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	17	20	deliberately	deliberately	ADV
spir-14088	17	21	steering	steer	VERB
spir-14088	17	22	away	away	ADV
spir-14088	17	23	from	from	ADP
spir-14088	17	24	speculative	speculative	ADJ
spir-14088	17	25	discussions	discussion	NOUN
spir-14088	17	26	about	about	ADP
spir-14088	17	27	the	the	DET
spir-14088	17	28	future	future	ADJ
spir-14088	17	29	impacts	impact	NOUN
spir-14088	17	30	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	17	31	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	17	32	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	18	1	instead	instead	ADV
spir-14088	18	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	18	3	the	the	DET
spir-14088	18	4	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
spir-14088	18	5	shifts	shift	NOUN
spir-14088	18	6	towards	towards	ADP
spir-14088	18	7	a	a	DET
spir-14088	18	8	focus	focus	NOUN
spir-14088	18	9	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	18	10	the	the	DET
spir-14088	18	11	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	18	12	mundanity	mundanity	NOUN
spir-14088	18	13	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	18	14	ordinariness	ordinariness	NOUN
spir-14088	18	15	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	18	16	existing	exist	VERB
spir-14088	18	17	systems	system	NOUN
spir-14088	18	18	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	18	19	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	18	20	hesmondhalgh	hesmondhalgh	NOUN
spir-14088	18	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	18	22	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	18	23	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	18	24	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	19	1	this	this	PRON
spir-14088	19	2	highlights	highlight	VERB
spir-14088	19	3	the	the	DET
spir-14088	19	4	importance	importance	NOUN
spir-14088	19	5	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	19	6	studying	study	VERB
spir-14088	19	7	the	the	DET
spir-14088	19	8	foundational	foundational	ADJ
spir-14088	19	9	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	19	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	19	11	tools	tool	NOUN
spir-14088	19	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	19	13	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	19	14	frameworks	framework	NOUN
spir-14088	19	15	that	that	PRON
spir-14088	19	16	shape	shape	VERB
spir-14088	19	17	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	19	18	development	development	NOUN
spir-14088	19	19	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	20	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
spir-14088	20	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	20	3	it	it	PRON
spir-14088	20	4	requires	require	VERB
spir-14088	20	5	an	an	DET
spir-14088	20	6	understanding	understanding	NOUN
spir-14088	20	7	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	20	8	the	the	DET
spir-14088	20	9	associated	associated	ADJ
spir-14088	20	10	supply	supply	NOUN
spir-14088	20	11	chains	chain	NOUN
spir-14088	20	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	20	13	investments	investment	NOUN
spir-14088	20	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	20	15	acquisitions	acquisition	NOUN
spir-14088	20	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	20	17	forms	form	NOUN
spir-14088	20	18	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	20	19	ownership	ownership	NOUN
spir-14088	20	20	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	20	21	support	support	NOUN
spir-14088	20	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	20	23	control	control	NOUN
spir-14088	20	24	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
spir-14088	20	25	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	20	26	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	20	27	the	the	DET
spir-14088	20	28	broader	broad	ADJ
spir-14088	20	29	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	20	30	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	20	31	surrounding	surround	VERB
spir-14088	20	32	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	20	33	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	21	1	such	such	ADJ
spir-14088	21	2	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
spir-14088	21	3	have	have	AUX
spir-14088	21	4	been	be	AUX
spir-14088	21	5	developed	develop	VERB
spir-14088	21	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	21	7	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	21	8	example	example	NOUN
spir-14088	21	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	21	10	to	to	PART
spir-14088	21	11	study	study	VERB
spir-14088	21	12	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	21	13	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	21	14	industry	industry	NOUN
spir-14088	21	15	relations	relation	NOUN
spir-14088	21	16	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	21	17	healthcare	healthcare	NOUN
spir-14088	21	18	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	21	19	luitse	luitse	VERB
spir-14088	21	20	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	21	21	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	21	22	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	21	23	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	21	24	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14088	21	25	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	21	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	21	27	the	the	DET
spir-14088	21	28	global	global	ADJ
spir-14088	21	29	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-14088	21	30	marketing	marketing	NOUN
spir-14088	21	31	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	21	32	advertising	advertising	NOUN
spir-14088	21	33	industries	industry	NOUN
spir-14088	21	34	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	21	35	van	van	PROPN
spir-14088	21	36	der	der	PROPN
spir-14088	21	37	vlist	vlist	VERB
spir-14088	21	38	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	21	39	helmond	helmond	NOUN
spir-14088	21	40	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	21	41	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	21	42	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	21	43	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	21	44	journalism	journalism	NOUN
spir-14088	21	45	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	21	46	rieder	rieder	NOUN
spir-14088	21	47	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	21	48	skop	skop	NOUN
spir-14088	21	49	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	21	50	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	21	51	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	21	52	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	21	53	or	or	CCONJ
spir-14088	21	54	the	the	DET
spir-14088	21	55	automotive	automotive	ADJ
spir-14088	21	56	industry	industry	NOUN
spir-14088	21	57	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	21	58	hind	hind	NOUN
spir-14088	21	59	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	21	60	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	21	61	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	21	62	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	21	63	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	21	64	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	21	65	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	22	1	the	the	DET
spir-14088	22	2	panellists	panellist	NOUN
spir-14088	22	3	examine	examine	VERB
spir-14088	22	4	how	how	SCONJ
spir-14088	22	5	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	22	6	may	may	AUX
spir-14088	22	7	be	be	AUX
spir-14088	22	8	viewed	view	VERB
spir-14088	22	9	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	22	10	a	a	DET
spir-14088	22	11	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	22	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	22	13	presenting	present	VERB
spir-14088	22	14	critical	critical	ADJ
spir-14088	22	15	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
spir-14088	22	16	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	22	17	the	the	DET
spir-14088	22	18	platformisation	platformisation	NOUN
spir-14088	22	19	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	22	20	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	22	21	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	22	22	its	its	PRON
spir-14088	22	23	implications	implication	NOUN
spir-14088	22	24	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	22	25	industry	industry	NOUN
spir-14088	22	26	relations	relation	NOUN
spir-14088	22	27	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	22	28	the	the	DET
spir-14088	22	29	media	medium	NOUN
spir-14088	22	30	landscape	landscape	NOUN
spir-14088	22	31	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	23	1	through	through	ADP
spir-14088	23	2	four	four	NUM
spir-14088	23	3	distinct	distinct	ADJ
spir-14088	23	4	studies	study	NOUN
spir-14088	23	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	23	6	they	they	PRON
spir-14088	23	7	highlight	highlight	VERB
spir-14088	23	8	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	23	9	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	23	10	1	1	X
spir-14088	23	11	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	23	12	the	the	DET
spir-14088	23	13	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-14088	23	14	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	23	15	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	23	16	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	23	17	the	the	DET
spir-14088	23	18	emerging	emerge	VERB
spir-14088	23	19	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	23	20	ecosystem	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-14088	23	21	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	23	22	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	23	23	consolidation	consolidation	NOUN
spir-14088	23	24	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	23	25	power	power	NOUN
spir-14088	23	26	through	through	ADP
spir-14088	23	27	reliance	reliance	NOUN
spir-14088	23	28	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	23	29	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	23	30	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	23	31	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	23	32	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	23	33	2	2	X
spir-14088	23	34	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	23	35	the	the	DET
spir-14088	23	36	evolution	evolution	NOUN
spir-14088	23	37	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	23	38	cloud	cloud	ADJ
spir-14088	23	39	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	23	40	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	23	41	the	the	DET
spir-14088	23	42	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	23	43	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	23	44	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	23	45	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	23	46	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	23	47	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	23	48	3	3	X
spir-14088	23	49	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	23	50	the	the	DET
spir-14088	23	51	actualisation	actualisation	NOUN
spir-14088	23	52	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	23	53	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	23	54	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	23	55	a	a	DET
spir-14088	23	56	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	23	57	with	with	ADP
spir-14088	23	58	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	23	59	general	general	ADJ
spir-14088	23	60	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	23	61	purpose	purpose	NOUN
spir-14088	23	62	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	23	63	applications	application	NOUN
spir-14088	23	64	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	23	65	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	23	66	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	23	67	4	4	X
spir-14088	23	68	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	23	69	how	how	SCONJ
spir-14088	23	70	challenges	challenge	NOUN
spir-14088	23	71	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	23	72	machine	machine	NOUN
spir-14088	23	73	vision	vision	NOUN
spir-14088	23	74	shape	shape	NOUN
spir-14088	23	75	innovation	innovation	NOUN
spir-14088	23	76	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	23	77	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	23	78	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	24	1	each	each	DET
spir-14088	24	2	contribution	contribution	NOUN
spir-14088	24	3	revolves	revolve	VERB
spir-14088	24	4	around	around	ADP
spir-14088	24	5	a	a	DET
spir-14088	24	6	central	central	ADJ
spir-14088	24	7	question	question	NOUN
spir-14088	24	8	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	24	9	how	how	SCONJ
spir-14088	24	10	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	24	11	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	24	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	24	13	particularly	particularly	ADV
spir-14088	24	14	within	within	ADP
spir-14088	24	15	the	the	DET
spir-14088	24	16	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	24	17	sector	sector	NOUN
spir-14088	24	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	24	19	evolving	evolve	VERB
spir-14088	24	20	under	under	ADP
spir-14088	24	21	the	the	DET
spir-14088	24	22	influence	influence	NOUN
spir-14088	24	23	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	24	24	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	24	25	logic	logic	NOUN
spir-14088	24	26	?	?	PUNCT
spir-14088	25	1	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	25	2	doing	do	VERB
spir-14088	25	3	so	so	ADV
spir-14088	25	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	25	5	the	the	DET
spir-14088	25	6	panellists	panellist	NOUN
spir-14088	25	7	offer	offer	VERB
spir-14088	25	8	valuable	valuable	ADJ
spir-14088	25	9	insights	insight	NOUN
spir-14088	25	10	informed	inform	VERB
spir-14088	25	11	by	by	ADP
spir-14088	25	12	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	25	13	theory	theory	NOUN
spir-14088	25	14	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	25	15	methodologies	methodology	NOUN
spir-14088	25	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	25	17	exploring	explore	VERB
spir-14088	25	18	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	25	19	relevance	relevance	NOUN
spir-14088	25	20	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	25	21	a	a	DET
spir-14088	25	22	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
spir-14088	25	23	examination	examination	NOUN
spir-14088	25	24	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	25	25	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	25	26	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	25	27	the	the	DET
spir-14088	25	28	broader	broad	ADJ
spir-14088	25	29	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	25	30	sector	sector	NOUN
spir-14088	25	31	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	26	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
spir-14088	26	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	26	3	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	26	4	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
spir-14088	26	5	provide	provide	VERB
spir-14088	26	6	methodological	methodological	ADJ
spir-14088	26	7	insights	insight	NOUN
spir-14088	26	8	into	into	ADP
spir-14088	26	9	understanding	understand	VERB
spir-14088	26	10	the	the	DET
spir-14088	26	11	material	material	NOUN
spir-14088	26	12	conditions	condition	NOUN
spir-14088	26	13	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	26	14	critical	critical	ADJ
spir-14088	26	15	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	26	16	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	26	17	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	26	18	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	26	19	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	26	20	a	a	DET
spir-14088	26	21	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	26	22	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	27	1	collectively	collectively	ADV
spir-14088	27	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	27	3	these	these	DET
spir-14088	27	4	studies	study	NOUN
spir-14088	27	5	seek	seek	VERB
spir-14088	27	6	to	to	PART
spir-14088	27	7	advance	advance	VERB
spir-14088	27	8	the	the	DET
spir-14088	27	9	critical	critical	ADJ
spir-14088	27	10	discourse	discourse	NOUN
spir-14088	27	11	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	27	12	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	27	13	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	27	14	its	its	PRON
spir-14088	27	15	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	27	16	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	27	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	27	18	with	with	ADP
spir-14088	27	19	a	a	DET
spir-14088	27	20	specific	specific	ADJ
spir-14088	27	21	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
spir-14088	27	22	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	27	23	the	the	DET
spir-14088	27	24	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	27	25	industry	industry	NOUN
spir-14088	27	26	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	28	1	they	they	PRON
spir-14088	28	2	shed	shed	VERB
spir-14088	28	3	light	light	NOUN
spir-14088	28	4	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	28	5	the	the	DET
spir-14088	28	6	evolving	evolve	VERB
spir-14088	28	7	landscape	landscape	NOUN
spir-14088	28	8	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	28	9	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	28	10	industry	industry	NOUN
spir-14088	28	11	relations	relation	NOUN
spir-14088	28	12	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	28	13	dependencies	dependency	NOUN
spir-14088	28	14	within	within	ADP
spir-14088	28	15	the	the	DET
spir-14088	28	16	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	28	17	ecosystem	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-14088	28	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	28	19	tracing	trace	VERB
spir-14088	28	20	how	how	SCONJ
spir-14088	28	21	these	these	DET
spir-14088	28	22	relationships	relationship	NOUN
spir-14088	28	23	have	have	AUX
spir-14088	28	24	transformed	transform	VERB
spir-14088	28	25	over	over	ADP
spir-14088	28	26	time	time	NOUN
spir-14088	28	27	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	29	1	references	reference	NOUN
spir-14088	29	2	alcantara	alcantara	VERB
spir-14088	29	3	c	c	NOUN
spir-14088	29	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	29	5	schaul	schaul	PROPN
spir-14088	29	6	k	k	PROPN
spir-14088	29	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	29	8	de	de	X
spir-14088	29	9	vynck	vynck	NOUN
spir-14088	29	10	g	g	NOUN
spir-14088	29	11	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	29	12	albergotti	albergotti	ADJ
spir-14088	29	13	r	r	NOUN
spir-14088	29	14	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	29	15	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14088	29	16	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	29	17	how	how	SCONJ
spir-14088	29	18	big	big	ADJ
spir-14088	29	19	tech	tech	NOUN
spir-14088	29	20	got	get	VERB
spir-14088	29	21	so	so	ADV
spir-14088	29	22	big	big	ADJ
spir-14088	29	23	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	29	24	hundreds	hundred	NOUN
spir-14088	29	25	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	29	26	acquisitions	acquisition	NOUN
spir-14088	29	27	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	30	1	the	the	DET
spir-14088	30	2	washington	washington	PROPN
spir-14088	30	3	post	post	PROPN
spir-14088	30	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	30	5	26	26	NUM
spir-14088	30	6	september	september	NOUN
spir-14088	30	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	31	1	available	available	ADJ
spir-14088	31	2	at	at	ADP
spir-14088	31	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	31	4	https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/interactive/2021/amazon-apple-facebookgoogle-acquisitions/.	https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/interactive/2021/amazon-apple-facebookgoogle-acquisitions/.	PROPN
spir-14088	31	5	bloomberg	bloomberg	PROPN
spir-14088	31	6	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	31	7	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14088	31	8	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	31	9	generative	generative	NOUN
spir-14088	31	10	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	31	11	to	to	PART
spir-14088	31	12	become	become	VERB
spir-14088	31	13	a	a	DET
spir-14088	31	14	$	$	SYM
spir-14088	31	15	1.3	1.3	NUM
spir-14088	31	16	trillion	trillion	NUM
spir-14088	31	17	market	market	NOUN
spir-14088	31	18	by	by	ADP
spir-14088	31	19	2032	2032	NUM
spir-14088	31	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	31	21	research	research	NOUN
spir-14088	31	22	finds	find	VERB
spir-14088	31	23	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	32	1	bloomberg	bloomberg	PROPN
spir-14088	32	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	32	3	1	1	NUM
spir-14088	32	4	june	june	PROPN
spir-14088	32	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	33	1	available	available	ADJ
spir-14088	33	2	at	at	ADP
spir-14088	33	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	33	4	https://www.bloomberg.com/company/press/generative-ai-to-become-a-1-3-trillionmarket-by-2032-research-finds/.	https://www.bloomberg.com/company/press/generative-ai-to-become-a-1-3-trillionmarket-by-2032-research-finds/.	PROPN
spir-14088	33	5	crawford	crawford	PROPN
spir-14088	33	6	k	k	PROPN
spir-14088	33	7	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	33	8	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	33	9	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	33	10	atlas	atlas	PROPN
spir-14088	33	11	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	33	12	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	33	13	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	33	14	power	power	NOUN
spir-14088	33	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	33	16	politics	politic	NOUN
spir-14088	33	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	33	18	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	33	19	the	the	DET
spir-14088	33	20	planetary	planetary	ADJ
spir-14088	33	21	costs	cost	NOUN
spir-14088	33	22	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	33	23	artificial	artificial	ADJ
spir-14088	33	24	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
spir-14088	33	25	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	34	1	yale	yale	PROPN
spir-14088	34	2	university	university	PROPN
spir-14088	34	3	press	press	NOUN
spir-14088	34	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	35	1	ferrari	ferrari	PROPN
spir-14088	35	2	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	35	3	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14088	35	4	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	35	5	neural	neural	ADJ
spir-14088	35	6	production	production	NOUN
spir-14088	35	7	networks	network	NOUN
spir-14088	35	8	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	35	9	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	35	10	’s	’s	ADJ
spir-14088	35	11	infrastructural	infrastructural	ADJ
spir-14088	35	12	geographies	geography	NOUN
spir-14088	35	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	36	1	environment	environment	NOUN
spir-14088	36	2	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	36	3	planning	plan	VERB
spir-14088	36	4	f	f	PROPN
spir-14088	36	5	2(4	2(4	NUM
spir-14088	36	6	):	):	PUNCT
spir-14088	36	7	459–476	459–476	NUM
spir-14088	36	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	37	1	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-14088	37	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	37	3	10.1177/26349825231193226	10.1177/26349825231193226	X
spir-14088	37	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	37	5	helmond	helmond	ADV
spir-14088	38	1	a	a	DET
spir-14088	38	2	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	38	3	2015	2015	NUM
spir-14088	38	4	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	38	5	the	the	DET
spir-14088	38	6	platformization	platformization	NOUN
spir-14088	38	7	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	38	8	the	the	DET
spir-14088	38	9	web	web	NOUN
spir-14088	38	10	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	38	11	making	make	VERB
spir-14088	38	12	web	web	NOUN
spir-14088	38	13	data	datum	NOUN
spir-14088	38	14	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	38	15	ready	ready	ADJ
spir-14088	38	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	39	1	social	social	ADJ
spir-14088	39	2	media	medium	NOUN
spir-14088	39	3	+	+	CCONJ
spir-14088	39	4	society	society	NOUN
spir-14088	39	5	1(2	1(2	NUM
spir-14088	39	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	39	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	40	1	https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305115603080	https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305115603080	NOUN
spir-14088	40	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	40	3	hesmondhalgh	hesmondhalgh	PROPN
spir-14088	40	4	d	d	PROPN
spir-14088	40	5	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	40	6	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	40	7	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	40	8	the	the	DET
spir-14088	40	9	infrastructural	infrastructural	ADJ
spir-14088	40	10	turn	turn	NOUN
spir-14088	40	11	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	40	12	media	medium	NOUN
spir-14088	40	13	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	40	14	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-14088	40	15	research	research	NOUN
spir-14088	40	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	41	1	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	41	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	41	3	mcdonald	mcdonald	PROPN
spir-14088	41	4	p	p	PROPN
spir-14088	41	5	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	41	6	eds	ed	NOUN
spir-14088	41	7	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	41	8	the	the	DET
spir-14088	41	9	routledge	routledge	PROPN
spir-14088	41	10	companion	companion	NOUN
spir-14088	41	11	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	41	12	media	media	NOUN
spir-14088	41	13	industries	industry	NOUN
spir-14088	41	14	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	42	1	palgrave	palgrave	PROPN
spir-14088	42	2	macmillan	macmillan	PROPN
spir-14088	42	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	42	4	pp	pp	X
spir-14088	42	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	43	1	132–142	132–142	NUM
spir-14088	43	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	44	1	hind	hind	PROPN
spir-14088	44	2	s	s	PROPN
spir-14088	44	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	44	4	kanderske	kanderske	PROPN
spir-14088	44	5	m	m	PROPN
spir-14088	44	6	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	44	7	van	van	PROPN
spir-14088	44	8	der	der	PROPN
spir-14088	44	9	vlist	vlist	VERB
spir-14088	44	10	fn	fn	PROPN
spir-14088	44	11	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	44	12	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	44	13	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	44	14	making	make	VERB
spir-14088	44	15	the	the	DET
spir-14088	44	16	car	car	NOUN
spir-14088	44	17	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	44	18	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	44	19	ready	ready	ADJ
spir-14088	44	20	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	44	21	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	44	22	how	how	SCONJ
spir-14088	44	23	big	big	ADJ
spir-14088	44	24	tech	tech	NOUN
spir-14088	44	25	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	44	26	driving	drive	VERB
spir-14088	44	27	the	the	DET
spir-14088	44	28	platformisation	platformisation	NOUN
spir-14088	44	29	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	44	30	automobility	automobility	NOUN
spir-14088	44	31	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	45	1	social	social	ADJ
spir-14088	45	2	media	medium	NOUN
spir-14088	45	3	+	+	CCONJ
spir-14088	45	4	society	society	NOUN
spir-14088	45	5	8(2	8(2	NUM
spir-14088	45	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	45	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	46	1	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-14088	46	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	46	3	10.1177/20563051221098697	10.1177/20563051221098697	NUM
spir-14088	46	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	47	1	jacobides	jacobides	PROPN
spir-14088	47	2	mg	mg	PROPN
spir-14088	47	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	47	4	brusoni	brusoni	NOUN
spir-14088	47	5	s	s	NOUN
spir-14088	47	6	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	47	7	candelon	candelon	NOUN
spir-14088	47	8	f	f	PROPN
spir-14088	47	9	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	47	10	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	47	11	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	47	12	the	the	DET
spir-14088	47	13	evolutionary	evolutionary	ADJ
spir-14088	47	14	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
spir-14088	47	15	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	47	16	the	the	DET
spir-14088	47	17	artificial	artificial	ADJ
spir-14088	47	18	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
spir-14088	47	19	ecosystem	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-14088	47	20	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	48	1	strategy	strategy	NOUN
spir-14088	48	2	science	science	PROPN
spir-14088	48	3	6(4	6(4	PROPN
spir-14088	48	4	):	):	PUNCT
spir-14088	49	1	412–435	412–435	NUM
spir-14088	49	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	49	3	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-14088	49	4	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	49	5	10.1287	10.1287	NUM
spir-14088	49	6	/	/	SYM
spir-14088	49	7	stsc.2021.0148	stsc.2021.0148	NOUN
spir-14088	49	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	50	1	kak	kak	PROPN
spir-14088	50	2	a	a	PROPN
spir-14088	50	3	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	50	4	myers	myers	PROPN
spir-14088	50	5	west	west	PROPN
spir-14088	50	6	s	s	PROPN
spir-14088	50	7	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	50	8	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14088	50	9	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	50	10	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14088	50	11	landscape	landscape	NOUN
spir-14088	50	12	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	50	13	confronting	confront	VERB
spir-14088	50	14	tech	tech	NOUN
spir-14088	50	15	power	power	NOUN
spir-14088	50	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	51	1	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	51	2	now	now	ADV
spir-14088	51	3	institute	institute	PROPN
spir-14088	51	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	52	1	luitse	luitse	PROPN
spir-14088	52	2	d	d	PROPN
spir-14088	52	3	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	52	4	denkena	denkena	PROPN
spir-14088	52	5	w	w	PROPN
spir-14088	52	6	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	52	7	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	52	8	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	52	9	the	the	DET
spir-14088	52	10	great	great	ADJ
spir-14088	52	11	transformer	transformer	NOUN
spir-14088	52	12	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	52	13	examining	examine	VERB
spir-14088	52	14	the	the	DET
spir-14088	52	15	role	role	NOUN
spir-14088	52	16	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	52	17	large	large	ADJ
spir-14088	52	18	language	language	NOUN
spir-14088	52	19	models	model	NOUN
spir-14088	52	20	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	52	21	the	the	DET
spir-14088	52	22	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	52	23	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	52	24	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	52	25	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	52	26	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	53	1	big	big	ADJ
spir-14088	53	2	data	datum	NOUN
spir-14088	53	3	&	&	CCONJ
spir-14088	53	4	society	society	NOUN
spir-14088	53	5	8(2	8(2	NUM
spir-14088	53	6	):	):	PUNCT
spir-14088	53	7	1–14	1–14	PROPN
spir-14088	53	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	53	9	doi	doi	PROPN
spir-14088	53	10	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	54	1	10.1177/20539517211047734	10.1177/20539517211047734	NUM
spir-14088	54	2	.	.	X
spir-14088	54	3	luitse	luitse	PROPN
spir-14088	54	4	dmr	dmr	PROPN
spir-14088	54	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	54	6	blanke	blanke	PROPN
spir-14088	54	7	t	t	PROPN
spir-14088	54	8	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	54	9	poell	poell	PROPN
spir-14088	54	10	t	t	PROPN
spir-14088	54	11	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	54	12	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14088	54	13	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	54	14	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	54	15	competitions	competition	NOUN
spir-14088	54	16	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	54	17	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	54	18	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	54	19	examining	examine	VERB
spir-14088	54	20	power	power	NOUN
spir-14088	54	21	relations	relation	NOUN
spir-14088	54	22	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	54	23	kaggle	kaggle	ADJ
spir-14088	54	24	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	54	25	grand	grand	ADJ
spir-14088	54	26	challenge	challenge	NOUN
spir-14088	54	27	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	54	28	ai	ai	ADJ
spir-14088	54	29	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	54	30	driven	drive	VERB
spir-14088	54	31	medical	medical	ADJ
spir-14088	54	32	imaging	imaging	NOUN
spir-14088	54	33	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	55	1	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	55	2	aoir	aoir	NOUN
spir-14088	55	3	selected	select	VERB
spir-14088	55	4	papers	paper	NOUN
spir-14088	55	5	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	55	6	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-14088	55	7	research	research	NOUN
spir-14088	55	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	56	1	https://doi.org/10.5210/spir.v2022i0.13044	https://doi.org/10.5210/spir.v2022i0.13044	PROPN
spir-14088	56	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	57	1	mackenzie	mackenzie	PROPN
spir-14088	57	2	a	a	PRON
spir-14088	57	3	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	57	4	2019	2019	NUM
spir-14088	57	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	57	6	from	from	ADP
spir-14088	57	7	api	api	NOUN
spir-14088	57	8	to	to	PART
spir-14088	57	9	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	57	10	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	57	11	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	57	12	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	57	13	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	57	14	opacities	opacity	NOUN
spir-14088	57	15	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	58	1	information	information	NOUN
spir-14088	58	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	58	3	communication	communication	NOUN
spir-14088	58	4	&	&	CCONJ
spir-14088	58	5	society	society	NOUN
spir-14088	58	6	22(13	22(13	NUM
spir-14088	58	7	):	):	PUNCT
spir-14088	58	8	1989–2006	1989–2006	NUM
spir-14088	58	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	59	1	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-14088	59	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	59	3	10.1080/1369118x.2018.1476569	10.1080/1369118x.2018.1476569	PROPN
spir-14088	59	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	60	1	narayan	narayan	PROPN
spir-14088	61	1	d	d	X
spir-14088	61	2	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	61	3	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	61	4	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	61	5	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	61	6	capitalism	capitalism	NOUN
spir-14088	61	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	61	8	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	61	9	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	61	10	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	61	11	theorizing	theorize	VERB
spir-14088	61	12	a	a	DET
spir-14088	61	13	hyperscalable	hyperscalable	ADJ
spir-14088	61	14	computing	computing	NOUN
spir-14088	61	15	regime	regime	NOUN
spir-14088	61	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	62	1	environment	environment	NOUN
spir-14088	62	2	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	62	3	planning	plan	VERB
spir-14088	62	4	a	a	DET
spir-14088	62	5	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	62	6	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	62	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	62	8	space	space	NOUN
spir-14088	62	9	54(5	54(5	NUM
spir-14088	62	10	):	):	PUNCT
spir-14088	62	11	911–929	911–929	NUM
spir-14088	62	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	63	1	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-14088	63	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	63	3	10.1177/0308518x221094028	10.1177/0308518x221094028	PROPN
spir-14088	63	4	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	63	5	https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/interactive/2021/amazon-apple-facebook-google-acquisitions/	https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/interactive/2021/amazon-apple-facebook-google-acquisitions/	PROPN
spir-14088	63	6	https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/interactive/2021/amazon-apple-facebook-google-acquisitions/	https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/interactive/2021/amazon-apple-facebook-google-acquisitions/	PROPN
spir-14088	63	7	https://www.bloomberg.com/company/press/generative-ai-to-become-a-1-3-trillion-market-by-2032-research-finds/	https://www.bloomberg.com/company/press/generative-ai-to-become-a-1-3-trillion-market-by-2032-research-finds/	PROPN
spir-14088	63	8	https://www.bloomberg.com/company/press/generative-ai-to-become-a-1-3-trillion-market-by-2032-research-finds/	https://www.bloomberg.com/company/press/generative-ai-to-become-a-1-3-trillion-market-by-2032-research-finds/	X
spir-14088	63	9	https://doi.org/10.1177/26349825231193226	https://doi.org/10.1177/26349825231193226	NOUN
spir-14088	63	10	https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305115603080	https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305115603080	NOUN
spir-14088	63	11	https://doi.org/10.1177/20563051221098697	https://doi.org/10.1177/20563051221098697	ADP
spir-14088	64	1	https://doi.org/10.1287/stsc.2021.0148	https://doi.org/10.1287/stsc.2021.0148	PROPN
spir-14088	64	2	https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517211047734	https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517211047734	PRON
spir-14088	64	3	https://doi.org/10.5210/spir.v2022i0.13044	https://doi.org/10.5210/spir.v2022i0.13044	PROPN
spir-14088	64	4	https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118x.2018.1476569	https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118x.2018.1476569	PROPN
spir-14088	64	5	https://doi.org/10.1177/0308518x221094028	https://doi.org/10.1177/0308518x221094028	PROPN
spir-14088	64	6	rieder	rieder	PROPN
spir-14088	64	7	b	b	PROPN
spir-14088	64	8	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	64	9	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	64	10	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	64	11	towards	towards	ADP
spir-14088	64	12	a	a	DET
spir-14088	64	13	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	64	14	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	64	15	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	64	16	technical	technical	ADJ
spir-14088	64	17	systems	system	NOUN
spir-14088	64	18	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	64	19	the	the	DET
spir-14088	64	20	case	case	NOUN
spir-14088	64	21	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	64	22	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	64	23	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	65	1	big	big	ADJ
spir-14088	65	2	data	datum	NOUN
spir-14088	65	3	&	&	CCONJ
spir-14088	65	4	society	society	NOUN
spir-14088	65	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	66	1	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-14088	66	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	66	3	10.1177/2053951722113516	10.1177/2053951722113516	NUM
spir-14088	66	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	67	1	rieder	rieder	PROPN
spir-14088	67	2	b	b	PROPN
spir-14088	67	3	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	67	4	skop	skop	PROPN
spir-14088	67	5	y	y	PROPN
spir-14088	67	6	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	67	7	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	67	8	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	67	9	the	the	DET
spir-14088	67	10	fabrics	fabric	NOUN
spir-14088	67	11	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	67	12	machine	machine	NOUN
spir-14088	67	13	moderation	moderation	NOUN
spir-14088	67	14	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	67	15	studying	study	VERB
spir-14088	67	16	the	the	DET
spir-14088	67	17	technical	technical	ADJ
spir-14088	67	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	67	19	normative	normative	ADJ
spir-14088	67	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	67	21	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	67	22	organizational	organizational	ADJ
spir-14088	67	23	structure	structure	NOUN
spir-14088	67	24	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	67	25	perspective	perspective	ADJ
spir-14088	67	26	api	api	NOUN
spir-14088	67	27	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	68	1	big	big	ADJ
spir-14088	68	2	data	datum	NOUN
spir-14088	68	3	&	&	CCONJ
spir-14088	68	4	society	society	NOUN
spir-14088	68	5	8(2	8(2	NUM
spir-14088	68	6	):	):	PUNCT
spir-14088	68	7	1	1	NUM
spir-14088	68	8	–	–	PUNCT
spir-14088	68	9	16	16	NUM
spir-14088	68	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	69	1	10.1177/20539517211046181	10.1177/20539517211046181	X
spir-14088	69	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	70	1	van	van	PROPN
spir-14088	70	2	der	der	PROPN
spir-14088	70	3	vlist	vlist	VERB
spir-14088	70	4	fn	fn	ADV
spir-14088	70	5	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	70	6	helmond	helmond	ADV
spir-14088	70	7	a	a	PRON
spir-14088	70	8	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	70	9	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	70	10	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	70	11	how	how	SCONJ
spir-14088	70	12	partners	partner	NOUN
spir-14088	70	13	mediate	mediate	VERB
spir-14088	70	14	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	70	15	power	power	NOUN
spir-14088	70	16	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	70	17	mapping	map	VERB
spir-14088	70	18	business	business	NOUN
spir-14088	70	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	70	20	data	datum	NOUN
spir-14088	70	21	partnerships	partnership	NOUN
spir-14088	70	22	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	70	23	the	the	DET
spir-14088	70	24	social	social	ADJ
spir-14088	70	25	media	medium	NOUN
spir-14088	70	26	ecosystem	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-14088	70	27	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	71	1	big	big	ADJ
spir-14088	71	2	data	datum	NOUN
spir-14088	71	3	&	&	CCONJ
spir-14088	71	4	society	society	NOUN
spir-14088	71	5	8(1	8(1	NOUN
spir-14088	71	6	):	):	PUNCT
spir-14088	71	7	1–16	1–16	PROPN
spir-14088	71	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	72	1	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-14088	72	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	73	1	10.1177/20539517211025061	10.1177/20539517211025061	X
spir-14088	73	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	74	1	van	van	PROPN
spir-14088	74	2	der	der	PROPN
spir-14088	74	3	vlist	vlist	VERB
spir-14088	74	4	fn	fn	PROPN
spir-14088	74	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	74	6	helmond	helmond	ADV
spir-14088	74	7	a	a	PRON
spir-14088	74	8	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	74	9	ferrari	ferrari	ADJ
spir-14088	74	10	fl	fl	PROPN
spir-14088	74	11	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	74	12	2024	2024	NUM
spir-14088	74	13	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	74	14	big	big	ADJ
spir-14088	74	15	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	74	16	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	74	17	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	74	18	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	74	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	74	20	the	the	DET
spir-14088	74	21	industrialisation	industrialisation	NOUN
spir-14088	74	22	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	74	23	artificial	artificial	ADJ
spir-14088	74	24	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
spir-14088	74	25	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	75	1	big	big	ADJ
spir-14088	75	2	data	data	PROPN
spir-14088	75	3	&	&	CCONJ
spir-14088	75	4	society	society	NOUN
spir-14088	75	5	11(1	11(1	NUM
spir-14088	75	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	75	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	76	1	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-14088	76	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	76	3	10.1177/20539517241232630	10.1177/20539517241232630	NUM
spir-14088	76	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	76	5	widder	widder	PROPN
spir-14088	76	6	dg	dg	PROPN
spir-14088	76	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	76	8	west	west	PROPN
spir-14088	76	9	s	s	PROPN
spir-14088	76	10	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	76	11	whittaker	whittaker	PROPN
spir-14088	76	12	m	m	PROPN
spir-14088	76	13	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	76	14	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14088	76	15	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	76	16	open	open	ADJ
spir-14088	76	17	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	76	18	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	76	19	business	business	NOUN
spir-14088	76	20	):	):	PUNCT
spir-14088	76	21	big	big	ADJ
spir-14088	76	22	tech	tech	NOUN
spir-14088	76	23	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	76	24	concentrated	concentrated	ADJ
spir-14088	76	25	power	power	NOUN
spir-14088	76	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	76	27	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	76	28	the	the	DET
spir-14088	76	29	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	76	30	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	76	31	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	76	32	open	open	ADJ
spir-14088	76	33	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	76	34	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	76	35	available	available	ADJ
spir-14088	76	36	at	at	ADP
spir-14088	76	37	ssrn	ssrn	NOUN
spir-14088	76	38	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	76	39	https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4543807	https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4543807	X
spir-14088	76	40	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	77	1	https://doi.org/10.1177/2053951722113516	https://doi.org/10.1177/2053951722113516	PROPN
spir-14088	77	2	https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517211046181	https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517211046181	VERB
spir-14088	77	3	https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517211025061	https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517211025061	VERB
spir-14088	77	4	https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517241232630	https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517241232630	NOUN
spir-14088	77	5	https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4543807	https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4543807	ADJ
spir-14088	77	6	convening	convening	NOUN
spir-14088	77	7	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	77	8	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	77	9	how	how	SCONJ
spir-14088	77	10	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	77	11	shape	shape	VERB
spir-14088	77	12	the	the	DET
spir-14088	77	13	evolution	evolution	NOUN
spir-14088	77	14	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	77	15	the	the	DET
spir-14088	77	16	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	77	17	ecosystem	ecosystem	PROPN
spir-14088	77	18	fernando	fernando	PROPN
spir-14088	77	19	van	van	PROPN
spir-14088	77	20	der	der	PROPN
spir-14088	77	21	vlist	vlist	PROPN
spir-14088	77	22	university	university	PROPN
spir-14088	77	23	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	77	24	amsterdam	amsterdam	PROPN
spir-14088	77	25	anne	anne	PROPN
spir-14088	77	26	helmond	helmond	PROPN
spir-14088	77	27	utrecht	utrecht	PROPN
spir-14088	77	28	university	university	PROPN
spir-14088	77	29	introduction	introduction	NOUN
spir-14088	77	30	the	the	DET
spir-14088	77	31	competition	competition	NOUN
spir-14088	77	32	among	among	ADP
spir-14088	77	33	leading	lead	VERB
spir-14088	77	34	technology	technology	NOUN
spir-14088	77	35	companies	company	NOUN
spir-14088	77	36	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	77	37	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	77	38	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	77	39	based	base	VERB
spir-14088	77	40	artificial	artificial	ADJ
spir-14088	77	41	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
spir-14088	77	42	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	77	43	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	77	44	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	77	45	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	77	46	known	know	VERB
spir-14088	77	47	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	77	48	the	the	DET
spir-14088	77	49	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	77	50	cloud	cloud	ADJ
spir-14088	77	51	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	77	52	wars	war	NOUN
spir-14088	77	53	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	77	54	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	77	55	goldman	goldman	NOUN
spir-14088	77	56	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	77	57	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	77	58	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	77	59	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	77	60	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	77	61	gaining	gain	VERB
spir-14088	77	62	momentum	momentum	NOUN
spir-14088	77	63	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	77	64	with	with	ADP
spir-14088	77	65	industry	industry	NOUN
spir-14088	77	66	leaders	leader	NOUN
spir-14088	77	67	proclaiming	proclaim	VERB
spir-14088	77	68	a	a	DET
spir-14088	77	69	transformative	transformative	ADJ
spir-14088	77	70	era	era	NOUN
spir-14088	77	71	driven	drive	VERB
spir-14088	77	72	by	by	ADP
spir-14088	77	73	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	77	74	technologies	technology	NOUN
spir-14088	77	75	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	78	1	this	this	DET
spir-14088	78	2	shift	shift	NOUN
spir-14088	78	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	78	4	dominated	dominate	VERB
spir-14088	78	5	by	by	ADP
spir-14088	78	6	amazon	amazon	PROPN
spir-14088	78	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	78	8	microsoft	microsoft	PROPN
spir-14088	78	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	78	10	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	78	11	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	78	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	78	13	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	78	14	closely	closely	ADV
spir-14088	78	15	linked	link	VERB
spir-14088	78	16	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	78	17	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	78	18	control	control	NOUN
spir-14088	78	19	over	over	ADP
spir-14088	78	20	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	78	21	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	78	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	78	23	significantly	significantly	ADV
spir-14088	78	24	influencing	influence	VERB
spir-14088	78	25	the	the	DET
spir-14088	78	26	development	development	NOUN
spir-14088	78	27	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	78	28	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	78	29	across	across	ADP
spir-14088	78	30	various	various	ADJ
spir-14088	78	31	industries	industry	NOUN
spir-14088	78	32	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	79	1	this	this	DET
spir-14088	79	2	merger	merger	NOUN
spir-14088	79	3	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	79	4	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	79	5	innovation	innovation	NOUN
spir-14088	79	6	with	with	ADP
spir-14088	79	7	the	the	DET
spir-14088	79	8	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	79	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	79	10	investments	investment	NOUN
spir-14088	79	11	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	79	12	major	major	ADJ
spir-14088	79	13	tech	tech	NOUN
spir-14088	79	14	giants	giant	NOUN
spir-14088	79	15	marks	mark	VERB
spir-14088	79	16	the	the	DET
spir-14088	79	17	rise	rise	NOUN
spir-14088	79	18	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	79	19	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	79	20	big	big	ADJ
spir-14088	79	21	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	79	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	79	23	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	79	24	shaping	shape	VERB
spir-14088	79	25	not	not	PART
spir-14088	79	26	only	only	ADV
spir-14088	79	27	the	the	DET
spir-14088	79	28	development	development	NOUN
spir-14088	79	29	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	79	30	deployment	deployment	NOUN
spir-14088	79	31	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	79	32	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	79	33	but	but	CCONJ
spir-14088	79	34	also	also	ADV
spir-14088	79	35	its	its	PRON
spir-14088	79	36	commercialisation	commercialisation	NOUN
spir-14088	79	37	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	79	38	van	van	PROPN
spir-14088	79	39	der	der	PROPN
spir-14088	79	40	vlist	vlist	VERB
spir-14088	79	41	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	79	42	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	79	43	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	79	44	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	79	45	2024	2024	NUM
spir-14088	79	46	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	79	47	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	80	1	this	this	DET
spir-14088	80	2	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-14088	80	3	critically	critically	ADV
spir-14088	80	4	explores	explore	VERB
spir-14088	80	5	cloud	cloud	PROPN
spir-14088	80	6	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	80	7	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	80	8	a	a	DET
spir-14088	80	9	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	80	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	80	11	emphasising	emphasise	VERB
spir-14088	80	12	the	the	DET
spir-14088	80	13	critical	critical	ADJ
spir-14088	80	14	roles	role	NOUN
spir-14088	80	15	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	80	16	amazon	amazon	NOUN
spir-14088	80	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	80	18	microsoft	microsoft	PROPN
spir-14088	80	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	80	20	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	80	21	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	80	22	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	81	1	it	it	PRON
spir-14088	81	2	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
spir-14088	81	3	how	how	SCONJ
spir-14088	81	4	these	these	DET
spir-14088	81	5	companies	company	NOUN
spir-14088	81	6	not	not	PART
spir-14088	81	7	only	only	ADV
spir-14088	81	8	provide	provide	VERB
spir-14088	81	9	essential	essential	ADJ
spir-14088	81	10	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	81	11	services	service	NOUN
spir-14088	81	12	but	but	CCONJ
spir-14088	81	13	also	also	ADV
spir-14088	81	14	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	81	15	convene	convene	NOUN
spir-14088	81	16	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	81	17	enterprises	enterprise	NOUN
spir-14088	81	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	81	19	organisations	organisation	NOUN
spir-14088	81	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	81	21	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	81	22	developers	developer	NOUN
spir-14088	81	23	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	81	24	the	the	DET
spir-14088	81	25	development	development	NOUN
spir-14088	81	26	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	81	27	commercialisation	commercialisation	NOUN
spir-14088	81	28	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	81	29	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	81	30	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	82	1	these	these	DET
spir-14088	82	2	convening	convene	VERB
spir-14088	82	3	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
spir-14088	82	4	encapsulate	encapsulate	VERB
spir-14088	82	5	what	what	PRON
spir-14088	82	6	we	we	PRON
spir-14088	82	7	refer	refer	VERB
spir-14088	82	8	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	82	9	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	82	10	the	the	DET
spir-14088	82	11	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	82	12	ecosystem	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-14088	82	13	logic	logic	NOUN
spir-14088	82	14	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	82	15	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	82	16	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	83	1	through	through	ADP
spir-14088	83	2	a	a	DET
spir-14088	83	3	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	83	4	technographic	technographic	ADJ
spir-14088	83	5	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	83	6	approach	approach	NOUN
spir-14088	83	7	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	83	8	bucher	bucher	NOUN
spir-14088	83	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	83	10	2016	2016	NUM
spir-14088	83	11	;	;	PUNCT
spir-14088	83	12	mackenzie	mackenzie	NOUN
spir-14088	83	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	83	14	2019	2019	NUM
spir-14088	83	15	;	;	PUNCT
spir-14088	83	16	van	van	PROPN
spir-14088	83	17	der	der	NOUN
spir-14088	83	18	vlist	vlist	VERB
spir-14088	83	19	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	83	20	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	83	21	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	83	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	83	23	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	83	24	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	83	25	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	83	26	we	we	PRON
spir-14088	83	27	examine	examine	VERB
spir-14088	83	28	the	the	DET
spir-14088	83	29	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	83	30	support	support	NOUN
spir-14088	83	31	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	83	32	investments	investment	NOUN
spir-14088	83	33	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	83	34	partnerships	partnership	NOUN
spir-14088	83	35	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	83	36	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	83	37	product	product	NOUN
spir-14088	83	38	offerings	offering	NOUN
spir-14088	83	39	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	83	40	these	these	DET
spir-14088	83	41	companies	company	NOUN
spir-14088	83	42	’	’	PART
spir-14088	83	43	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	83	44	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	83	45	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	84	1	this	this	PRON
spir-14088	84	2	shows	show	VERB
spir-14088	84	3	the	the	DET
spir-14088	84	4	emergence	emergence	NOUN
spir-14088	84	5	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	84	6	new	new	ADJ
spir-14088	84	7	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	84	8	ecosystems	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-14088	84	9	around	around	ADP
spir-14088	84	10	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	84	11	ai	ai	ADJ
spir-14088	84	12	products	product	NOUN
spir-14088	84	13	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	84	14	services	service	NOUN
spir-14088	84	15	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	85	1	we	we	PRON
spir-14088	85	2	show	show	VERB
spir-14088	85	3	how	how	SCONJ
spir-14088	85	4	the	the	DET
spir-14088	85	5	transformation	transformation	NOUN
spir-14088	85	6	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	85	7	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	85	8	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	85	9	into	into	ADP
spir-14088	85	10	a	a	DET
spir-14088	85	11	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	85	12	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	85	13	based	base	VERB
spir-14088	85	14	model	model	NOUN
spir-14088	85	15	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	85	16	platformisation	platformisation	NOUN
spir-14088	85	17	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	85	18	manifests	manifest	NOUN
spir-14088	85	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	85	20	how	how	SCONJ
spir-14088	85	21	big	big	ADJ
spir-14088	85	22	tech	tech	NOUN
spir-14088	85	23	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	85	24	convenes	convene	NOUN
spir-14088	85	25	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	85	26	third	third	ADJ
spir-14088	85	27	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	85	28	party	party	NOUN
spir-14088	85	29	businesses	business	NOUN
spir-14088	85	30	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	85	31	developers	developer	NOUN
spir-14088	85	32	to	to	PART
spir-14088	85	33	cultivate	cultivate	VERB
spir-14088	85	34	an	an	DET
spir-14088	85	35	ecosystem	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-14088	85	36	around	around	ADP
spir-14088	85	37	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	85	38	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	85	39	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	85	40	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	85	41	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	85	42	discuss	discuss	VERB
spir-14088	85	43	the	the	DET
spir-14088	85	44	consequences	consequence	NOUN
spir-14088	85	45	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	85	46	this	this	DET
spir-14088	85	47	emerging	emerge	VERB
spir-14088	85	48	ecosystem	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-14088	85	49	logic	logic	NOUN
spir-14088	85	50	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	85	51	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	85	52	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	85	53	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	85	54	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	85	55	the	the	DET
spir-14088	85	56	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	85	57	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	85	58	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	85	59	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	85	60	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	85	61	this	this	DET
spir-14088	85	62	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-14088	85	63	builds	build	VERB
spir-14088	85	64	upon	upon	SCONJ
spir-14088	85	65	existing	exist	VERB
spir-14088	85	66	critical	critical	ADJ
spir-14088	85	67	research	research	NOUN
spir-14088	85	68	concerning	concern	VERB
spir-14088	85	69	the	the	DET
spir-14088	85	70	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	85	71	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	85	72	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	85	73	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	85	74	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	85	75	platformisation	platformisation	NOUN
spir-14088	85	76	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	85	77	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	85	78	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	85	79	studies	study	NOUN
spir-14088	85	80	from	from	ADP
spir-14088	85	81	an	an	DET
spir-14088	85	82	interdisciplinary	interdisciplinary	ADJ
spir-14088	85	83	perspective	perspective	NOUN
spir-14088	85	84	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	86	1	the	the	DET
spir-14088	86	2	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	86	3	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	86	4	involves	involve	VERB
spir-14088	86	5	examining	examine	VERB
spir-14088	86	6	how	how	SCONJ
spir-14088	86	7	the	the	DET
spir-14088	86	8	development	development	NOUN
spir-14088	86	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	86	10	deployment	deployment	NOUN
spir-14088	86	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	86	12	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	86	13	impact	impact	NOUN
spir-14088	86	14	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	86	15	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	86	16	technologies	technology	NOUN
spir-14088	86	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	86	18	as	as	ADV
spir-14088	86	19	well	well	ADV
spir-14088	86	20	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	86	21	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	86	22	integration	integration	NOUN
spir-14088	86	23	into	into	ADP
spir-14088	86	24	broader	broad	ADJ
spir-14088	86	25	economic	economic	ADJ
spir-14088	86	26	systems	system	NOUN
spir-14088	86	27	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	86	28	structures	structure	NOUN
spir-14088	86	29	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	86	30	shape	shape	VERB
spir-14088	86	31	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	86	32	are	be	AUX
spir-14088	86	33	shaped	shape	VERB
spir-14088	86	34	by	by	ADP
spir-14088	86	35	major	major	ADJ
spir-14088	86	36	technology	technology	NOUN
spir-14088	86	37	corporations	corporation	NOUN
spir-14088	86	38	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	87	1	research	research	NOUN
spir-14088	87	2	shows	show	VERB
spir-14088	87	3	that	that	SCONJ
spir-14088	87	4	the	the	DET
spir-14088	87	5	development	development	NOUN
spir-14088	87	6	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	87	7	foundational	foundational	ADJ
spir-14088	87	8	models	model	NOUN
spir-14088	87	9	like	like	ADP
spir-14088	87	10	gpt	gpt	NOUN
spir-14088	87	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	87	12	which	which	PRON
spir-14088	87	13	use	use	VERB
spir-14088	87	14	a	a	DET
spir-14088	87	15	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	87	16	bigger	big	ADJ
spir-14088	87	17	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	87	18	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	87	19	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	87	20	better	well	ADJ
spir-14088	87	21	approach	approach	NOUN
spir-14088	87	22	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	87	23	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	87	24	economist	economist	NOUN
spir-14088	87	25	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	87	26	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14088	87	27	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	87	28	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	87	29	requires	require	VERB
spir-14088	87	30	substantial	substantial	ADJ
spir-14088	87	31	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	87	32	computing	compute	VERB
spir-14088	87	33	resources	resource	NOUN
spir-14088	87	34	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	87	35	thus	thus	ADV
spir-14088	87	36	favouring	favour	VERB
spir-14088	87	37	larger	large	ADJ
spir-14088	87	38	companies	company	NOUN
spir-14088	87	39	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	87	40	ferrari	ferrari	PROPN
spir-14088	87	41	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	87	42	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14088	87	43	;	;	PUNCT
spir-14088	87	44	jacobides	jacobide	NOUN
spir-14088	87	45	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	87	46	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	87	47	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	87	48	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	87	49	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	87	50	;	;	PUNCT
spir-14088	87	51	kak	kak	PROPN
spir-14088	87	52	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	87	53	myers	myers	PROPN
spir-14088	87	54	west	west	PROPN
spir-14088	87	55	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	87	56	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14088	87	57	;	;	PUNCT
spir-14088	87	58	luitse	luitse	ADJ
spir-14088	87	59	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	87	60	denkena	denkena	NOUN
spir-14088	87	61	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	87	62	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	87	63	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	87	64	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	88	1	the	the	DET
spir-14088	88	2	unparalleled	unparalleled	ADJ
spir-14088	88	3	scalability	scalability	NOUN
spir-14088	88	4	offered	offer	VERB
spir-14088	88	5	by	by	ADP
spir-14088	88	6	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	88	7	computing	computing	NOUN
spir-14088	88	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	88	9	along	along	ADP
spir-14088	88	10	with	with	ADP
spir-14088	88	11	the	the	DET
spir-14088	88	12	incorporation	incorporation	NOUN
spir-14088	88	13	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	88	14	customised	customised	ADJ
spir-14088	88	15	hardware	hardware	NOUN
spir-14088	88	16	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	88	17	software	software	NOUN
spir-14088	88	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	88	19	emerges	emerge	VERB
spir-14088	88	20	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	88	21	a	a	DET
spir-14088	88	22	defining	define	VERB
spir-14088	88	23	feature	feature	NOUN
spir-14088	88	24	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	88	25	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	88	26	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	88	27	material	material	ADJ
spir-14088	88	28	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	88	29	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	88	30	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	88	31	narayan	narayan	NOUN
spir-14088	88	32	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	88	33	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	88	34	;	;	PUNCT
spir-14088	88	35	rieder	rieder	NOUN
spir-14088	88	36	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	88	37	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	88	38	;	;	PUNCT
spir-14088	88	39	raley	raley	NOUN
spir-14088	88	40	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	88	41	rhee	rhee	NOUN
spir-14088	88	42	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	88	43	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14088	88	44	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	88	45	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	88	46	leading	lead	VERB
spir-14088	88	47	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	88	48	new	new	ADJ
spir-14088	88	49	dependencies	dependency	NOUN
spir-14088	88	50	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	88	51	corresponding	correspond	VERB
spir-14088	88	52	investments	investment	NOUN
spir-14088	88	53	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	88	54	computational	computational	ADJ
spir-14088	88	55	resources	resource	NOUN
spir-14088	88	56	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	88	57	van	van	PROPN
spir-14088	88	58	der	der	PROPN
spir-14088	88	59	vlist	vlist	VERB
spir-14088	88	60	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	88	61	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	88	62	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	88	63	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	88	64	2024	2024	NUM
spir-14088	88	65	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	88	66	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	89	1	the	the	DET
spir-14088	89	2	platformisation	platformisation	NOUN
spir-14088	89	3	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	89	4	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	89	5	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	89	6	rooted	root	VERB
spir-14088	89	7	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	89	8	big	big	ADJ
spir-14088	89	9	tech	tech	NOUN
spir-14088	89	10	companies	company	NOUN
spir-14088	89	11	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	89	12	control	control	NOUN
spir-14088	89	13	over	over	ADP
spir-14088	89	14	essential	essential	ADJ
spir-14088	89	15	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	89	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	89	17	echoing	echo	VERB
spir-14088	89	18	the	the	DET
spir-14088	89	19	statement	statement	NOUN
spir-14088	89	20	that	that	SCONJ
spir-14088	89	21	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	89	22	there	there	PRON
spir-14088	89	23	is	be	VERB
spir-14088	89	24	no	no	DET
spir-14088	89	25	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	89	26	without	without	ADP
spir-14088	89	27	big	big	ADJ
spir-14088	89	28	tech	tech	NOUN
spir-14088	89	29	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	89	30	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	89	31	kak	kak	PROPN
spir-14088	89	32	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	89	33	myers	myers	PROPN
spir-14088	89	34	west	west	PROPN
spir-14088	89	35	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	89	36	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14088	89	37	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	89	38	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	90	1	this	this	DET
spir-14088	90	2	platformisation	platformisation	NOUN
spir-14088	90	3	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	90	4	further	far	ADV
spir-14088	90	5	facilitated	facilitate	VERB
spir-14088	90	6	by	by	ADP
spir-14088	90	7	developers	developer	NOUN
spir-14088	90	8	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	90	9	partners	partner	NOUN
spir-14088	90	10	who	who	PRON
spir-14088	90	11	build	build	VERB
spir-14088	90	12	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	90	13	integrate	integrate	VERB
spir-14088	90	14	new	new	ADJ
spir-14088	90	15	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	90	16	apps	app	NOUN
spir-14088	90	17	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	90	18	services	service	NOUN
spir-14088	90	19	atop	atop	ADP
spir-14088	90	20	big	big	ADJ
spir-14088	90	21	tech	tech	NOUN
spir-14088	90	22	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	90	23	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	90	24	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	90	25	van	van	PROPN
spir-14088	90	26	der	der	PROPN
spir-14088	90	27	vlist	vlist	VERB
spir-14088	90	28	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	90	29	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	90	30	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	90	31	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	90	32	2024	2024	NUM
spir-14088	90	33	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	90	34	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	91	1	the	the	DET
spir-14088	91	2	platformisation	platformisation	NOUN
spir-14088	91	3	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	91	4	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	91	5	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	91	6	also	also	ADV
spir-14088	91	7	marked	mark	VERB
spir-14088	91	8	by	by	ADP
spir-14088	91	9	its	its	PRON
spir-14088	91	10	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	91	11	industrialisation	industrialisation	NOUN
spir-14088	91	12	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	91	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	91	14	representing	represent	VERB
spir-14088	91	15	the	the	DET
spir-14088	91	16	transition	transition	NOUN
spir-14088	91	17	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	91	18	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	91	19	systems	system	NOUN
spir-14088	91	20	from	from	ADP
spir-14088	91	21	research	research	NOUN
spir-14088	91	22	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	91	23	development	development	NOUN
spir-14088	91	24	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	91	25	practical	practical	ADJ
spir-14088	91	26	applications	application	NOUN
spir-14088	91	27	across	across	ADP
spir-14088	91	28	diverse	diverse	ADJ
spir-14088	91	29	industries	industry	NOUN
spir-14088	91	30	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	91	31	including	include	VERB
spir-14088	91	32	governments	government	NOUN
spir-14088	91	33	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	91	34	public	public	ADJ
spir-14088	91	35	sectors	sector	NOUN
spir-14088	91	36	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	91	37	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-14088	91	38	sectors	sector	NOUN
spir-14088	91	39	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	91	40	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	91	41	traditional	traditional	ADJ
spir-14088	91	42	industries	industry	NOUN
spir-14088	91	43	worldwide	worldwide	ADV
spir-14088	91	44	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	91	45	van	van	PROPN
spir-14088	91	46	der	der	PROPN
spir-14088	91	47	vlist	vlist	VERB
spir-14088	91	48	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	91	49	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	91	50	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	91	51	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	91	52	2024	2024	NUM
spir-14088	91	53	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	91	54	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	92	1	leading	lead	VERB
spir-14088	92	2	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	92	3	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	92	4	service	service	NOUN
spir-14088	92	5	providers	provider	NOUN
spir-14088	92	6	like	like	ADP
spir-14088	92	7	amazon	amazon	PROPN
spir-14088	92	8	web	web	NOUN
spir-14088	92	9	services	service	NOUN
spir-14088	92	10	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	92	11	aws	aw	NOUN
spir-14088	92	12	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	92	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	92	14	microsoft	microsoft	PROPN
spir-14088	92	15	azure	azure	NOUN
spir-14088	92	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	92	17	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	92	18	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	92	19	cloud	cloud	PROPN
spir-14088	92	20	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	92	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	92	22	through	through	ADP
spir-14088	92	23	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	92	24	offerings	offering	NOUN
spir-14088	92	25	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	92	26	boundary	boundary	ADJ
spir-14088	92	27	resources	resource	NOUN
spir-14088	92	28	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	92	29	have	have	AUX
spir-14088	92	30	emerged	emerge	VERB
spir-14088	92	31	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	92	32	the	the	DET
spir-14088	92	33	material	material	NOUN
spir-14088	92	34	bedrock	bedrock	NOUN
spir-14088	92	35	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	92	36	this	this	DET
spir-14088	92	37	industrialisation	industrialisation	NOUN
spir-14088	92	38	process	process	NOUN
spir-14088	92	39	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	93	1	big	big	ADJ
spir-14088	93	2	tech	tech	NOUN
spir-14088	93	3	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	93	4	ambitions	ambition	NOUN
spir-14088	93	5	to	to	PART
spir-14088	93	6	expand	expand	VERB
spir-14088	93	7	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	93	8	offerings	offering	NOUN
spir-14088	93	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	93	10	assume	assume	VERB
spir-14088	93	11	a	a	DET
spir-14088	93	12	central	central	ADJ
spir-14088	93	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	93	14	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	93	15	infrastructural	infrastructural	ADJ
spir-14088	93	16	role	role	NOUN
spir-14088	93	17	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	93	18	within	within	ADP
spir-14088	93	19	society	society	NOUN
spir-14088	93	20	are	be	AUX
spir-14088	93	21	evidenced	evidence	VERB
spir-14088	93	22	by	by	ADP
spir-14088	93	23	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	93	24	attempts	attempt	NOUN
spir-14088	93	25	to	to	PART
spir-14088	93	26	consolidate	consolidate	VERB
spir-14088	93	27	complementors	complementor	NOUN
spir-14088	93	28	through	through	ADP
spir-14088	93	29	acquisitions	acquisition	NOUN
spir-14088	93	30	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	93	31	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	93	32	convene	convene	NOUN
spir-14088	93	33	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	93	34	third	third	ADJ
spir-14088	93	35	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	93	36	party	party	NOUN
spir-14088	93	37	businesses	business	NOUN
spir-14088	93	38	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	93	39	developers	developer	NOUN
spir-14088	93	40	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	93	41	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	93	42	expand	expand	VERB
spir-14088	93	43	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	93	44	ecosystems	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-14088	93	45	by	by	ADP
spir-14088	93	46	enhancing	enhance	VERB
spir-14088	93	47	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	93	48	programmability	programmability	NOUN
spir-14088	93	49	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	93	50	egliston	egliston	NOUN
spir-14088	93	51	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	93	52	carter	carter	PROPN
spir-14088	93	53	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	93	54	;	;	PUNCT
spir-14088	93	55	helmond	helmond	X
spir-14088	93	56	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	93	57	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	93	58	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	93	59	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	93	60	2019	2019	NUM
spir-14088	93	61	;	;	PUNCT
spir-14088	93	62	van	van	PROPN
spir-14088	93	63	der	der	NOUN
spir-14088	93	64	vlist	vlist	VERB
spir-14088	93	65	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	93	66	helmond	helmond	NOUN
spir-14088	93	67	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	93	68	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	93	69	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	93	70	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	94	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
spir-14088	94	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	94	3	partner	partner	NOUN
spir-14088	94	4	programmes	programme	NOUN
spir-14088	94	5	play	play	VERB
spir-14088	94	6	a	a	DET
spir-14088	94	7	crucial	crucial	ADJ
spir-14088	94	8	role	role	NOUN
spir-14088	94	9	for	for	SCONJ
spir-14088	94	10	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	94	11	to	to	PART
spir-14088	94	12	grow	grow	VERB
spir-14088	94	13	into	into	ADP
spir-14088	94	14	new	new	ADJ
spir-14088	94	15	markets	market	NOUN
spir-14088	94	16	or	or	CCONJ
spir-14088	94	17	industry	industry	NOUN
spir-14088	94	18	sectors	sector	NOUN
spir-14088	94	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	94	20	expand	expand	VERB
spir-14088	94	21	beyond	beyond	ADP
spir-14088	94	22	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	94	23	current	current	ADJ
spir-14088	94	24	boundaries	boundary	NOUN
spir-14088	94	25	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	94	26	helmond	helmond	ADV
spir-14088	94	27	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	94	28	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	94	29	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	94	30	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	94	31	2019	2019	NUM
spir-14088	94	32	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	94	33	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	94	34	using	use	VERB
spir-14088	94	35	partnerships	partnership	NOUN
spir-14088	94	36	to	to	PART
spir-14088	94	37	solidify	solidify	VERB
spir-14088	94	38	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	94	39	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	94	40	infrastructural	infrastructural	ADJ
spir-14088	94	41	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	94	42	strategic	strategic	ADJ
spir-14088	94	43	power	power	NOUN
spir-14088	94	44	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	94	45	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	94	46	the	the	DET
spir-14088	94	47	larger	large	ADJ
spir-14088	94	48	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	94	49	business	business	NOUN
spir-14088	94	50	ecosystem	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-14088	94	51	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	94	52	van	van	PROPN
spir-14088	94	53	der	der	PROPN
spir-14088	94	54	vlist	vlist	VERB
spir-14088	94	55	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	94	56	helmond	helmond	NOUN
spir-14088	94	57	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	94	58	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	94	59	;	;	PUNCT
spir-14088	94	60	van	van	PROPN
spir-14088	94	61	der	der	PROPN
spir-14088	94	62	vlist	vlist	NOUN
spir-14088	94	63	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	94	64	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	94	65	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	94	66	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	95	1	these	these	DET
spir-14088	95	2	studies	study	NOUN
spir-14088	95	3	emphasise	emphasise	VERB
spir-14088	95	4	the	the	DET
spir-14088	95	5	critical	critical	ADJ
spir-14088	95	6	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
spir-14088	95	7	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	95	8	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	95	9	convening	convening	NOUN
spir-14088	95	10	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	95	11	complementors	complementor	NOUN
spir-14088	95	12	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	95	13	egliston	egliston	NOUN
spir-14088	95	14	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	95	15	carter	carter	PROPN
spir-14088	95	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	95	17	2022)—initially	2022)—initially	PROPN
spir-14088	95	18	developers	developer	NOUN
spir-14088	95	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	95	20	businesses	business	NOUN
spir-14088	95	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	95	22	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	95	23	later	later	ADV
spir-14088	95	24	extending	extend	VERB
spir-14088	95	25	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	95	26	media	medium	NOUN
spir-14088	95	27	publishers	publisher	NOUN
spir-14088	95	28	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	95	29	creators	creator	NOUN
spir-14088	95	30	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	95	31	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	95	32	others	other	NOUN
spir-14088	95	33	—	—	PUNCT
spir-14088	95	34	to	to	PART
spir-14088	95	35	actively	actively	ADV
spir-14088	95	36	contribute	contribute	VERB
spir-14088	95	37	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	95	38	the	the	DET
spir-14088	95	39	development	development	NOUN
spir-14088	95	40	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	95	41	capture	capture	NOUN
spir-14088	95	42	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	95	43	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	95	44	commercialisation	commercialisation	NOUN
spir-14088	95	45	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	95	46	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	95	47	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	96	1	three	three	NUM
spir-14088	96	2	ways	way	NOUN
spir-14088	96	3	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	96	4	seeing	see	VERB
spir-14088	96	5	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	96	6	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	96	7	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	96	8	a	a	DET
spir-14088	96	9	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	96	10	drawing	draw	VERB
spir-14088	96	11	from	from	ADP
spir-14088	96	12	our	our	PRON
spir-14088	96	13	technographic	technographic	ADJ
spir-14088	96	14	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-14088	96	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	96	16	this	this	DET
spir-14088	96	17	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-14088	96	18	views	view	VERB
spir-14088	96	19	the	the	DET
spir-14088	96	20	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	96	21	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	96	22	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	96	23	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	96	24	through	through	ADP
spir-14088	96	25	the	the	DET
spir-14088	96	26	critical	critical	ADJ
spir-14088	96	27	lens	lens	NOUN
spir-14088	96	28	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	96	29	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	96	30	ecosystems	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-14088	96	31	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	96	32	characterised	characterise	VERB
spir-14088	96	33	by	by	ADP
spir-14088	96	34	the	the	DET
spir-14088	96	35	combination	combination	NOUN
spir-14088	96	36	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	96	37	a	a	DET
spir-14088	96	38	central	central	ADJ
spir-14088	96	39	technical	technical	ADJ
spir-14088	96	40	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	96	41	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	96	42	the	the	DET
spir-14088	96	43	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	96	44	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	96	45	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	96	46	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	96	47	accessible	accessible	ADJ
spir-14088	96	48	via	via	ADP
spir-14088	96	49	application	application	NOUN
spir-14088	96	50	programming	programming	NOUN
spir-14088	96	51	interfaces	interface	NOUN
spir-14088	96	52	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	96	53	other	other	ADJ
spir-14088	96	54	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	96	55	boundary	boundary	ADJ
spir-14088	96	56	resources	resource	NOUN
spir-14088	96	57	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	96	58	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	96	59	a	a	DET
spir-14088	96	60	network	network	NOUN
spir-14088	96	61	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	96	62	complements	complement	NOUN
spir-14088	96	63	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	96	64	applications	application	NOUN
spir-14088	96	65	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	96	66	services	service	NOUN
spir-14088	96	67	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	96	68	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	96	69	complementors	complementor	NOUN
spir-14088	96	70	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	96	71	the	the	DET
spir-14088	96	72	businesses	business	NOUN
spir-14088	96	73	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	96	74	developers	developer	NOUN
spir-14088	96	75	behind	behind	ADP
spir-14088	96	76	these	these	DET
spir-14088	96	77	applications	application	NOUN
spir-14088	96	78	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	96	79	services	service	NOUN
spir-14088	96	80	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	96	81	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	96	82	van	van	PROPN
spir-14088	96	83	der	der	PROPN
spir-14088	96	84	vlist	vlist	NOUN
spir-14088	96	85	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	96	86	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	96	87	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	96	88	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	97	1	this	this	DET
spir-14088	97	2	framework	framework	NOUN
spir-14088	97	3	illustrates	illustrate	VERB
spir-14088	97	4	how	how	SCONJ
spir-14088	97	5	application	application	NOUN
spir-14088	97	6	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	97	7	development	development	NOUN
spir-14088	97	8	tools	tool	NOUN
spir-14088	97	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	97	10	partner	partner	NOUN
spir-14088	97	11	programmes	programme	NOUN
spir-14088	97	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	97	13	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	97	14	investments	investment	NOUN
spir-14088	97	15	form	form	VERB
spir-14088	97	16	a	a	DET
spir-14088	97	17	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
spir-14088	97	18	collection	collection	NOUN
spir-14088	97	19	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	97	20	boundary	boundary	ADJ
spir-14088	97	21	resources	resource	NOUN
spir-14088	97	22	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	98	1	these	these	DET
spir-14088	98	2	resources	resource	NOUN
spir-14088	98	3	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	98	4	convene	convene	NOUN
spir-14088	98	5	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	98	6	third	third	ADJ
spir-14088	98	7	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	98	8	party	party	NOUN
spir-14088	98	9	businesses	business	NOUN
spir-14088	98	10	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	98	11	developers	developer	NOUN
spir-14088	98	12	to	to	PART
spir-14088	98	13	build	build	VERB
spir-14088	98	14	an	an	DET
spir-14088	98	15	ecosystem	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-14088	98	16	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	98	17	new	new	ADJ
spir-14088	98	18	products	product	NOUN
spir-14088	98	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	98	20	services	service	NOUN
spir-14088	98	21	around	around	ADP
spir-14088	98	22	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	98	23	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	98	24	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	98	25	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	98	26	providers	provider	NOUN
spir-14088	98	27	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	99	1	the	the	DET
spir-14088	99	2	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-14088	99	3	examines	examine	VERB
spir-14088	99	4	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	99	5	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	99	6	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	99	7	a	a	DET
spir-14088	99	8	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	99	9	from	from	ADP
spir-14088	99	10	three	three	NUM
spir-14088	99	11	distinct	distinct	ADJ
spir-14088	99	12	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
spir-14088	99	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	100	1	first	first	ADV
spir-14088	100	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	100	3	it	it	PRON
spir-14088	100	4	explores	explore	VERB
spir-14088	100	5	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	100	6	support	support	NOUN
spir-14088	100	7	relationships	relationship	NOUN
spir-14088	100	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	100	9	such	such	ADJ
spir-14088	100	10	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	100	11	partnerships	partnership	NOUN
spir-14088	100	12	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	100	13	investments	investment	NOUN
spir-14088	100	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	100	15	which	which	PRON
spir-14088	100	16	often	often	ADV
spir-14088	100	17	evolve	evolve	VERB
spir-14088	100	18	into	into	ADP
spir-14088	100	19	dependencies	dependency	NOUN
spir-14088	100	20	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	100	21	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	100	22	over	over	ADP
spir-14088	100	23	time	time	NOUN
spir-14088	100	24	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	101	1	second	second	ADJ
spir-14088	101	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	101	3	it	it	PRON
spir-14088	101	4	analyses	analyse	VERB
spir-14088	101	5	the	the	DET
spir-14088	101	6	existing	exist	VERB
spir-14088	101	7	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	101	8	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	101	9	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	101	10	products	product	NOUN
spir-14088	101	11	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	101	12	services	service	NOUN
spir-14088	101	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	101	14	showing	show	VERB
spir-14088	101	15	how	how	SCONJ
spir-14088	101	16	they	they	PRON
spir-14088	101	17	target	target	VERB
spir-14088	101	18	the	the	DET
spir-14088	101	19	diverse	diverse	NOUN
spir-14088	101	20	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	101	21	needs	need	NOUN
spir-14088	101	22	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	101	23	various	various	ADJ
spir-14088	101	24	organisations	organisation	NOUN
spir-14088	101	25	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	101	26	industry	industry	NOUN
spir-14088	101	27	sectors	sector	NOUN
spir-14088	101	28	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	102	1	third	third	ADJ
spir-14088	102	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	102	3	it	it	PRON
spir-14088	102	4	examines	examine	VERB
spir-14088	102	5	the	the	DET
spir-14088	102	6	ecosystems	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-14088	102	7	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	102	8	applications	application	NOUN
spir-14088	102	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	102	10	solutions	solution	NOUN
spir-14088	102	11	developed	develop	VERB
spir-14088	102	12	by	by	ADP
spir-14088	102	13	third	third	ADJ
spir-14088	102	14	parties	party	NOUN
spir-14088	102	15	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	102	16	top	top	NOUN
spir-14088	102	17	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	102	18	microsoft	microsoft	PROPN
spir-14088	102	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	102	20	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	102	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	102	22	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	102	23	amazon	amazon	NOUN
spir-14088	102	24	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	102	25	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	102	26	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	102	27	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	102	28	accessible	accessible	ADJ
spir-14088	102	29	via	via	ADP
spir-14088	102	30	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	102	31	cloud	cloud	ADJ
spir-14088	102	32	app	app	NOUN
spir-14088	102	33	stores	store	NOUN
spir-14088	102	34	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	102	35	marketplaces	marketplace	NOUN
spir-14088	102	36	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	103	1	these	these	DET
spir-14088	103	2	viewpoints	viewpoint	NOUN
spir-14088	103	3	show	show	VERB
spir-14088	103	4	the	the	DET
spir-14088	103	5	material	material	NOUN
spir-14088	103	6	conditions	condition	NOUN
spir-14088	103	7	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	103	8	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	103	9	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	103	10	a	a	DET
spir-14088	103	11	development	development	NOUN
spir-14088	103	12	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	103	13	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	103	14	highlight	highlight	VERB
spir-14088	103	15	the	the	DET
spir-14088	103	16	importance	importance	NOUN
spir-14088	103	17	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	103	18	analysing	analyse	VERB
spir-14088	103	19	its	its	PRON
spir-14088	103	20	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	103	21	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	103	22	from	from	ADP
spir-14088	103	23	a	a	DET
spir-14088	103	24	critical	critical	ADJ
spir-14088	103	25	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	103	26	ecosystem	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-14088	103	27	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	103	28	perspective	perspective	NOUN
spir-14088	103	29	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	103	30	van	van	PROPN
spir-14088	103	31	der	der	PROPN
spir-14088	103	32	vlist	vlist	NOUN
spir-14088	103	33	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	103	34	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	103	35	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	103	36	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	104	1	shaping	shape	VERB
spir-14088	104	2	the	the	DET
spir-14088	104	3	evolution	evolution	NOUN
spir-14088	104	4	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	104	5	the	the	DET
spir-14088	104	6	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	104	7	ecosystem	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-14088	104	8	the	the	DET
spir-14088	104	9	study	study	NOUN
spir-14088	104	10	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
spir-14088	104	11	how	how	SCONJ
spir-14088	104	12	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	104	13	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	104	14	not	not	PART
spir-14088	104	15	merely	merely	ADV
spir-14088	104	16	an	an	DET
spir-14088	104	17	emerging	emerge	VERB
spir-14088	104	18	discursive	discursive	ADJ
spir-14088	104	19	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN
spir-14088	104	20	but	but	CCONJ
spir-14088	104	21	also	also	ADV
spir-14088	104	22	comprises	comprise	VERB
spir-14088	104	23	extensive	extensive	ADJ
spir-14088	104	24	suites	suite	NOUN
spir-14088	104	25	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	104	26	tools	tool	NOUN
spir-14088	104	27	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	104	28	products	product	NOUN
spir-14088	104	29	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	104	30	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	104	31	services	service	NOUN
spir-14088	104	32	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	104	33	along	along	ADP
spir-14088	104	34	with	with	ADP
spir-14088	104	35	respective	respective	ADJ
spir-14088	104	36	documentation	documentation	NOUN
spir-14088	104	37	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	104	38	external	external	ADJ
spir-14088	104	39	stakeholders	stakeholder	NOUN
spir-14088	104	40	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	104	41	intended	intend	VERB
spir-14088	104	42	to	to	PART
spir-14088	104	43	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
spir-14088	104	44	an	an	DET
spir-14088	104	45	ecosystem	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-14088	104	46	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	104	47	complementors	complementor	NOUN
spir-14088	104	48	atop	atop	ADP
spir-14088	104	49	microsoft	microsoft	PROPN
spir-14088	104	50	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	104	51	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	104	52	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	104	53	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	104	54	amazon	amazon	NOUN
spir-14088	104	55	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	104	56	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	104	57	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	105	1	crucially	crucially	ADV
spir-14088	105	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	105	3	these	these	DET
spir-14088	105	4	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	105	5	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	105	6	ecosystems	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-14088	105	7	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	105	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	105	9	as	as	SCONJ
spir-14088	105	10	proposed	propose	VERB
spir-14088	105	11	by	by	ADP
spir-14088	105	12	van	van	PROPN
spir-14088	105	13	der	der	PROPN
spir-14088	105	14	vlist	vlist	NOUN
spir-14088	105	15	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	105	16	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	105	17	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	105	18	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	105	19	illustrated	illustrate	VERB
spir-14088	105	20	by	by	ADP
spir-14088	105	21	egliston	egliston	NOUN
spir-14088	105	22	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	105	23	carter	carter	PROPN
spir-14088	105	24	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	105	25	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	105	26	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	105	27	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	105	28	are	be	AUX
spir-14088	105	29	not	not	PART
spir-14088	105	30	static	static	ADJ
spir-14088	105	31	or	or	CCONJ
spir-14088	105	32	passive	passive	ADJ
spir-14088	105	33	entities	entity	NOUN
spir-14088	105	34	but	but	CCONJ
spir-14088	105	35	are	be	AUX
spir-14088	105	36	actively	actively	ADV
spir-14088	105	37	cultivated	cultivate	VERB
spir-14088	105	38	through	through	ADP
spir-14088	105	39	strategic	strategic	ADJ
spir-14088	105	40	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	105	41	infrastructural	infrastructural	ADJ
spir-14088	105	42	initiatives	initiative	NOUN
spir-14088	105	43	by	by	ADP
spir-14088	105	44	leading	lead	VERB
spir-14088	105	45	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	105	46	companies	company	NOUN
spir-14088	105	47	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	106	1	central	central	ADJ
spir-14088	106	2	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	106	3	this	this	DET
spir-14088	106	4	cultivation	cultivation	NOUN
spir-14088	106	5	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	106	6	the	the	DET
spir-14088	106	7	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	106	8	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	106	9	ability	ability	NOUN
spir-14088	106	10	to	to	PART
spir-14088	106	11	convene	convene	VERB
spir-14088	106	12	external	external	ADJ
spir-14088	106	13	stakeholders	stakeholder	NOUN
spir-14088	106	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	106	15	such	such	ADJ
spir-14088	106	16	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	106	17	partners	partner	NOUN
spir-14088	106	18	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	106	19	developers	developer	NOUN
spir-14088	106	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	106	21	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	106	22	orchestrate	orchestrate	VERB
spir-14088	106	23	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	106	24	contributions	contribution	NOUN
spir-14088	106	25	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	106	26	the	the	DET
spir-14088	106	27	ecosystem	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-14088	106	28	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	106	29	value	value	NOUN
spir-14088	106	30	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	107	1	essentially	essentially	ADV
spir-14088	107	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	107	3	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	107	4	owners	owner	NOUN
spir-14088	107	5	seek	seek	VERB
spir-14088	107	6	to	to	PART
spir-14088	107	7	wield	wield	VERB
spir-14088	107	8	what	what	PRON
spir-14088	107	9	the	the	DET
spir-14088	107	10	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-14088	107	11	conceptualises	conceptualise	VERB
spir-14088	107	12	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	107	13	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	107	14	convening	convene	VERB
spir-14088	107	15	power	power	NOUN
spir-14088	107	16	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	107	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	107	18	aligning	align	VERB
spir-14088	107	19	participants	participant	NOUN
spir-14088	107	20	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	107	21	interests	interest	NOUN
spir-14088	107	22	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	107	23	business	business	NOUN
spir-14088	107	24	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	107	25	development	development	NOUN
spir-14088	107	26	activities	activity	NOUN
spir-14088	107	27	to	to	PART
spir-14088	107	28	reinforce	reinforce	VERB
spir-14088	107	29	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	107	30	vision	vision	NOUN
spir-14088	107	31	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	108	1	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	108	2	visions	vision	NOUN
spir-14088	108	3	range	range	VERB
spir-14088	108	4	from	from	ADP
spir-14088	108	5	meta	meta	PROPN
spir-14088	108	6	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	108	7	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	108	8	future	future	NOUN
spir-14088	108	9	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	108	10	connection	connection	NOUN
spir-14088	108	11	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	108	12	the	the	DET
spir-14088	108	13	metaverse	metaverse	NOUN
spir-14088	108	14	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	108	15	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	108	16	meta	meta	X
spir-14088	108	17	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	108	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	108	19	microsoft	microsoft	PROPN
spir-14088	108	20	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	108	21	vision	vision	NOUN
spir-14088	108	22	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	108	23	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	108	24	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	108	25	the	the	DET
spir-14088	108	26	enterprise	enterprise	NOUN
spir-14088	108	27	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	108	28	microsoft	microsoft	PROPN
spir-14088	108	29	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	108	30	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	108	31	amazon	amazon	NOUN
spir-14088	108	32	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	108	33	ambition	ambition	NOUN
spir-14088	108	34	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	108	35	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	108	36	ai	ai	AUX
spir-14088	108	37	becoming	become	VERB
spir-14088	108	38	the	the	DET
spir-14088	108	39	new	new	ADJ
spir-14088	108	40	electricity	electricity	NOUN
spir-14088	108	41	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	108	42	our	our	PRON
spir-14088	108	43	homes	home	NOUN
spir-14088	108	44	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	108	45	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	108	46	zeghari	zeghari	X
spir-14088	108	47	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	108	48	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14088	108	49	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	108	50	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	108	51	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	108	52	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	108	53	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	108	54	portrayal	portrayal	NOUN
spir-14088	108	55	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	108	56	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	108	57	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	108	58	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	108	59	a	a	DET
spir-14088	108	60	foundational	foundational	ADJ
spir-14088	108	61	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	108	62	transformational	transformational	ADJ
spir-14088	108	63	technology	technology	NOUN
spir-14088	108	64	that	that	PRON
spir-14088	108	65	will	will	AUX
spir-14088	108	66	provide	provide	VERB
spir-14088	108	67	compelling	compelling	ADJ
spir-14088	108	68	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	108	69	helpful	helpful	ADJ
spir-14088	108	70	benefits	benefit	NOUN
spir-14088	108	71	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	108	72	people	people	NOUN
spir-14088	108	73	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	108	74	society	society	NOUN
spir-14088	108	75	through	through	ADP
spir-14088	108	76	its	its	PRON
spir-14088	108	77	capacity	capacity	NOUN
spir-14088	108	78	to	to	PART
spir-14088	108	79	assist	assist	VERB
spir-14088	108	80	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	108	81	complement	complement	NOUN
spir-14088	108	82	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	108	83	empower	empower	NOUN
spir-14088	108	84	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	108	85	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	108	86	inspire	inspire	VERB
spir-14088	108	87	people	people	NOUN
spir-14088	108	88	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	108	89	almost	almost	ADV
spir-14088	108	90	every	every	PRON
spir-14088	108	91	field	field	NOUN
spir-14088	108	92	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	108	93	human	human	ADJ
spir-14088	108	94	endeavor	endeavor	NOUN
spir-14088	108	95	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	108	96	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	108	97	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	108	98	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	108	99	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	108	100	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	109	1	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	109	2	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
spir-14088	109	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	109	4	this	this	DET
spir-14088	109	5	research	research	NOUN
spir-14088	109	6	offers	offer	VERB
spir-14088	109	7	insights	insight	NOUN
spir-14088	109	8	into	into	ADP
spir-14088	109	9	the	the	DET
spir-14088	109	10	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	109	11	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	109	12	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	109	13	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	109	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	109	15	viewed	view	VERB
spir-14088	109	16	through	through	ADP
spir-14088	109	17	the	the	DET
spir-14088	109	18	critical	critical	ADJ
spir-14088	109	19	lens	lens	NOUN
spir-14088	109	20	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	109	21	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	109	22	ecosystems	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-14088	109	23	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	109	24	highlighting	highlight	VERB
spir-14088	109	25	the	the	DET
spir-14088	109	26	pivotal	pivotal	ADJ
spir-14088	109	27	role	role	NOUN
spir-14088	109	28	played	play	VERB
spir-14088	109	29	by	by	ADP
spir-14088	109	30	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	109	31	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	109	32	service	service	NOUN
spir-14088	109	33	providers	provider	NOUN
spir-14088	109	34	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	109	35	shaping	shape	VERB
spir-14088	109	36	the	the	DET
spir-14088	109	37	industrialisation	industrialisation	NOUN
spir-14088	109	38	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	109	39	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	109	40	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	110	1	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	110	2	this	this	DET
spir-14088	110	3	context	context	NOUN
spir-14088	110	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	110	5	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	110	6	big	big	ADJ
spir-14088	110	7	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	110	8	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	110	9	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	110	10	reshaping	reshape	VERB
spir-14088	110	11	traditional	traditional	ADJ
spir-14088	110	12	industries	industry	NOUN
spir-14088	110	13	ranging	range	VERB
spir-14088	110	14	from	from	ADP
spir-14088	110	15	healthcare	healthcare	NOUN
spir-14088	110	16	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	110	17	the	the	DET
spir-14088	110	18	public	public	ADJ
spir-14088	110	19	sector	sector	NOUN
spir-14088	110	20	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	110	21	manufacturing	manufacturing	NOUN
spir-14088	110	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	110	23	automotive	automotive	ADJ
spir-14088	110	24	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	110	25	retail	retail	ADJ
spir-14088	110	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	110	27	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	110	28	energy	energy	NOUN
spir-14088	110	29	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	111	1	this	this	DET
spir-14088	111	2	process	process	NOUN
spir-14088	111	3	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	111	4	not	not	PART
spir-14088	111	5	only	only	ADV
spir-14088	111	6	influencing	influence	VERB
spir-14088	111	7	market	market	NOUN
spir-14088	111	8	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
spir-14088	111	9	but	but	CCONJ
spir-14088	111	10	also	also	ADV
spir-14088	111	11	raising	raise	VERB
spir-14088	111	12	critical	critical	ADJ
spir-14088	111	13	questions	question	NOUN
spir-14088	111	14	about	about	ADP
spir-14088	111	15	governance	governance	NOUN
spir-14088	111	16	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	111	17	control	control	NOUN
spir-14088	111	18	within	within	ADP
spir-14088	111	19	the	the	DET
spir-14088	111	20	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	111	21	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	111	22	ecosystem	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-14088	111	23	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	112	1	references	reference	NOUN
spir-14088	112	2	economist	economist	NOUN
spir-14088	112	3	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	112	4	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14088	112	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	112	6	the	the	DET
spir-14088	112	7	bigger	big	ADJ
spir-14088	112	8	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	112	9	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	112	10	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	112	11	better	well	ADJ
spir-14088	112	12	approach	approach	NOUN
spir-14088	112	13	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	112	14	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	112	15	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	112	16	running	run	VERB
spir-14088	112	17	out	out	ADP
spir-14088	112	18	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	112	19	road	road	NOUN
spir-14088	112	20	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	113	1	available	available	ADJ
spir-14088	113	2	at	at	ADP
spir-14088	113	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	113	4	https://www.economist.com/science-and-technology/2023/06/21/the-bigger-is-betterapproach-to-ai-is-running-out-of-road	https://www.economist.com/science-and-technology/2023/06/21/the-bigger-is-betterapproach-to-ai-is-running-out-of-road	X
spir-14088	113	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	114	1	egliston	egliston	PROPN
spir-14088	114	2	b	b	PROPN
spir-14088	114	3	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	114	4	carter	carter	PROPN
spir-14088	114	5	m	m	PROPN
spir-14088	114	6	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	114	7	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	114	8	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	114	9	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	114	10	the	the	DET
spir-14088	114	11	metaverse	metaverse	NOUN
spir-14088	114	12	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	114	13	how	how	SCONJ
spir-14088	114	14	we	we	PRON
spir-14088	114	15	’ll	’ll	AUX
spir-14088	114	16	build	build	VERB
spir-14088	114	17	it	it	PRON
spir-14088	114	18	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	114	19	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	114	20	the	the	DET
spir-14088	114	21	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	114	22	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	114	23	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	114	24	meta	meta	PROPN
spir-14088	114	25	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	114	26	reality	reality	NOUN
spir-14088	114	27	labs	lab	NOUN
spir-14088	114	28	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	115	1	new	new	ADJ
spir-14088	115	2	media	medium	NOUN
spir-14088	115	3	&	&	CCONJ
spir-14088	115	4	society	society	NOUN
spir-14088	115	5	0(0	0(0	PROPN
spir-14088	115	6	):	):	PUNCT
spir-14088	115	7	1–25	1–25	PROPN
spir-14088	115	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	116	1	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-14088	116	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	116	3	https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448221119785	https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448221119785	X
spir-14088	116	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	117	1	ferrari	ferrari	PROPN
spir-14088	117	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	117	3	f	f	PROPN
spir-14088	117	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	117	5	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14088	117	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	117	7	neural	neural	ADJ
spir-14088	117	8	production	production	NOUN
spir-14088	117	9	networks	network	NOUN
spir-14088	117	10	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	117	11	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	117	12	’s	’s	ADJ
spir-14088	117	13	infrastructural	infrastructural	ADJ
spir-14088	117	14	geographies	geography	NOUN
spir-14088	117	15	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	118	1	environment	environment	NOUN
spir-14088	118	2	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	118	3	planning	plan	VERB
spir-14088	118	4	f	f	PROPN
spir-14088	118	5	2(4	2(4	NUM
spir-14088	118	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	118	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	118	8	459–476	459–476	NUM
spir-14088	118	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	119	1	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-14088	119	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	119	3	10.1177/26349825231193226	10.1177/26349825231193226	NUM
spir-14088	119	4	.	.	NUM
spir-14088	119	5	https://www.economist.com/science-and-technology/2023/06/21/the-bigger-is-better-approach-to-ai-is-running-out-of-road	https://www.economist.com/science-and-technology/2023/06/21/the-bigger-is-better-approach-to-ai-is-running-out-of-road	PROPN
spir-14088	119	6	https://www.economist.com/science-and-technology/2023/06/21/the-bigger-is-better-approach-to-ai-is-running-out-of-road	https://www.economist.com/science-and-technology/2023/06/21/the-bigger-is-better-approach-to-ai-is-running-out-of-road	NOUN
spir-14088	119	7	https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448221119785	https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448221119785	NOUN
spir-14088	119	8	https://doi.org/10.1177/26349825231193226	https://doi.org/10.1177/26349825231193226	VERB
spir-14088	119	9	goldman	goldman	PROPN
spir-14088	119	10	s	s	X
spir-14088	119	11	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	119	12	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	119	13	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	119	14	big	big	ADJ
spir-14088	119	15	tech	tech	NOUN
spir-14088	119	16	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	119	17	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	119	18	wars	war	NOUN
spir-14088	119	19	heat	heat	VERB
spir-14088	119	20	up	up	ADP
spir-14088	119	21	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	120	1	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	120	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	120	3	venturebeat	venturebeat	NOUN
spir-14088	120	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	120	5	14	14	NUM
spir-14088	120	6	october	october	NOUN
spir-14088	120	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	120	8	available	available	ADJ
spir-14088	120	9	at	at	ADP
spir-14088	120	10	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	120	11	https://venturebeat.com/ai/the-ai-beat-big-tech-cloud-ai-wars-heat-up/.	https://venturebeat.com/ai/the-ai-beat-big-tech-cloud-ai-wars-heat-up/.	PROPN
spir-14088	120	12	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	120	13	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	120	14	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	120	15	n.d	n.d	PROPN
spir-14088	120	16	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	120	17	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	121	1	why	why	SCONJ
spir-14088	121	2	we	we	PRON
spir-14088	121	3	focus	focus	VERB
spir-14088	121	4	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	121	5	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	121	6	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	121	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	121	8	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	121	9	what	what	DET
spir-14088	121	10	end	end	NOUN
spir-14088	121	11	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	121	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	122	1	available	available	ADJ
spir-14088	122	2	at	at	ADP
spir-14088	122	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	122	4	https://ai.google/why-ai/.	https://ai.google/why-ai/.	NOUN
spir-14088	122	5	helmond	helmond	ADV
spir-14088	122	6	a	a	DET
spir-14088	122	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	122	8	nieborg	nieborg	X
spir-14088	122	9	db	db	PROPN
spir-14088	122	10	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	122	11	van	van	PROPN
spir-14088	122	12	der	der	PROPN
spir-14088	122	13	vlist	vlist	VERB
spir-14088	122	14	fn	fn	PROPN
spir-14088	122	15	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	122	16	2019	2019	NUM
spir-14088	122	17	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	122	18	facebook	facebook	PROPN
spir-14088	122	19	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	122	20	evolution	evolution	NOUN
spir-14088	122	21	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	122	22	development	development	NOUN
spir-14088	122	23	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	122	24	a	a	DET
spir-14088	122	25	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	122	26	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	122	27	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	122	28	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	122	29	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	122	30	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	123	1	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-14088	123	2	histories	history	NOUN
spir-14088	123	3	3(2	3(2	NUM
spir-14088	123	4	):	):	PUNCT
spir-14088	123	5	123–146	123–146	NUM
spir-14088	123	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	123	7	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-14088	123	8	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	123	9	10.1080/24701475.2019.1593667	10.1080/24701475.2019.1593667	NUM
spir-14088	123	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	124	1	jacobides	jacobide	NOUN
spir-14088	124	2	mg	mg	PROPN
spir-14088	124	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	124	4	brusoni	brusoni	NOUN
spir-14088	124	5	s	s	NOUN
spir-14088	124	6	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	124	7	candelon	candelon	NOUN
spir-14088	124	8	f	f	PROPN
spir-14088	124	9	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	124	10	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	124	11	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	124	12	the	the	DET
spir-14088	124	13	evolutionary	evolutionary	ADJ
spir-14088	124	14	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
spir-14088	124	15	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	124	16	the	the	DET
spir-14088	124	17	artificial	artificial	ADJ
spir-14088	124	18	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
spir-14088	124	19	ecosystem	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-14088	124	20	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	125	1	strategy	strategy	NOUN
spir-14088	125	2	science	science	PROPN
spir-14088	125	3	6(4	6(4	PROPN
spir-14088	125	4	):	):	PUNCT
spir-14088	126	1	412–435	412–435	NUM
spir-14088	126	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	126	3	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-14088	126	4	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	126	5	10.1287	10.1287	NUM
spir-14088	126	6	/	/	SYM
spir-14088	126	7	stsc.2021.0148	stsc.2021.0148	NOUN
spir-14088	126	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	127	1	kak	kak	PROPN
spir-14088	127	2	a	a	PROPN
spir-14088	127	3	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	127	4	myers	myers	PROPN
spir-14088	127	5	west	west	PROPN
spir-14088	127	6	s	s	PROPN
spir-14088	127	7	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	127	8	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14088	127	9	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	127	10	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14088	127	11	landscape	landscape	NOUN
spir-14088	127	12	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	127	13	confronting	confront	VERB
spir-14088	127	14	tech	tech	NOUN
spir-14088	127	15	power	power	NOUN
spir-14088	127	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	128	1	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	128	2	now	now	ADV
spir-14088	128	3	institute	institute	PROPN
spir-14088	128	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	129	1	available	available	ADJ
spir-14088	129	2	at	at	ADP
spir-14088	129	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	129	4	https://ainowinstitute.org/2023-landscape	https://ainowinstitute.org/2023-landscape	NOUN
spir-14088	129	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	130	1	luitse	luitse	PROPN
spir-14088	130	2	d	d	PROPN
spir-14088	130	3	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	130	4	denkena	denkena	PROPN
spir-14088	130	5	w	w	PROPN
spir-14088	130	6	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	130	7	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	130	8	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	130	9	the	the	DET
spir-14088	130	10	great	great	ADJ
spir-14088	130	11	transformer	transformer	NOUN
spir-14088	130	12	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	130	13	examining	examine	VERB
spir-14088	130	14	the	the	DET
spir-14088	130	15	role	role	NOUN
spir-14088	130	16	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	130	17	large	large	ADJ
spir-14088	130	18	language	language	NOUN
spir-14088	130	19	models	model	NOUN
spir-14088	130	20	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	130	21	the	the	DET
spir-14088	130	22	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	130	23	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	130	24	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	130	25	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	130	26	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	131	1	big	big	ADJ
spir-14088	131	2	data	datum	NOUN
spir-14088	131	3	&	&	CCONJ
spir-14088	131	4	society	society	NOUN
spir-14088	131	5	8(2	8(2	NUM
spir-14088	131	6	):	):	PUNCT
spir-14088	131	7	1–14	1–14	PROPN
spir-14088	131	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	131	9	doi	doi	PROPN
spir-14088	131	10	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	132	1	10.1177/20539517211047734	10.1177/20539517211047734	NUM
spir-14088	132	2	.	.	X
spir-14088	133	1	meta	meta	X
spir-14088	133	2	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	133	3	n.d	n.d	PROPN
spir-14088	133	4	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	133	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	134	1	the	the	DET
spir-14088	134	2	metaverse	metaverse	NOUN
spir-14088	134	3	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	134	4	the	the	DET
spir-14088	134	5	future	future	NOUN
spir-14088	134	6	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	134	7	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-14088	134	8	connection	connection	NOUN
spir-14088	134	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	135	1	available	available	ADJ
spir-14088	135	2	at	at	ADP
spir-14088	135	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	135	4	https://about.meta.com/metaverse/.	https://about.meta.com/metaverse/.	PROPN
spir-14088	135	5	microsoft	microsoft	PROPN
spir-14088	135	6	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	135	7	n.d	n.d	PROPN
spir-14088	135	8	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	135	9	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	136	1	microsoft	microsoft	PROPN
spir-14088	136	2	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	136	3	vision	vision	NOUN
spir-14088	136	4	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	136	5	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	136	6	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	136	7	the	the	DET
spir-14088	136	8	enterprise	enterprise	NOUN
spir-14088	136	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	137	1	available	available	ADJ
spir-14088	137	2	at	at	ADP
spir-14088	137	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	137	4	https://info.microsoft.com/rs/157-gqe382/images/microsoft%20enterprise%20ai%20white%20paper.pdf	https://info.microsoft.com/rs/157-gqe382/images/microsoft%20enterprise%20ai%20white%20paper.pdf	PROPN
spir-14088	137	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	138	1	narayan	narayan	PROPN
spir-14088	138	2	d	d	X
spir-14088	138	3	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	138	4	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	138	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	138	6	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	138	7	capitalism	capitalism	NOUN
spir-14088	138	8	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	138	9	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	138	10	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	138	11	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	138	12	theorizing	theorize	VERB
spir-14088	138	13	a	a	DET
spir-14088	138	14	hyperscalable	hyperscalable	ADJ
spir-14088	138	15	computing	computing	NOUN
spir-14088	138	16	regime	regime	NOUN
spir-14088	138	17	.	.	PUNCT
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spir-14088	139	2	and	and	CCONJ
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spir-14088	139	4	a	a	DET
spir-14088	139	5	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	139	6	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	139	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	139	8	space	space	NOUN
spir-14088	139	9	54(5	54(5	NUM
spir-14088	139	10	):	):	PUNCT
spir-14088	139	11	911–929	911–929	NUM
spir-14088	139	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	140	1	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-14088	140	2	:	:	PUNCT
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spir-14088	140	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	140	5	raley	raley	NOUN
spir-14088	140	6	r	r	PROPN
spir-14088	140	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	140	8	rhee	rhee	PROPN
spir-14088	140	9	j	j	PROPN
spir-14088	140	10	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	140	11	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14088	140	12	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	140	13	critical	critical	ADJ
spir-14088	140	14	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	140	15	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	140	16	a	a	DET
spir-14088	140	17	field	field	NOUN
spir-14088	140	18	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	140	19	formation	formation	NOUN
spir-14088	140	20	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	141	1	american	american	PROPN
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spir-14088	141	3	95(2	95(2	PROPN
spir-14088	141	4	):	):	PUNCT
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spir-14088	141	6	.	.	PUNCT
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spir-14088	142	2	b	b	PROPN
spir-14088	142	3	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	142	4	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	142	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	142	6	towards	towards	ADP
spir-14088	142	7	a	a	DET
spir-14088	142	8	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	142	9	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	142	10	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	142	11	technical	technical	ADJ
spir-14088	142	12	systems	system	NOUN
spir-14088	142	13	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	142	14	the	the	DET
spir-14088	142	15	case	case	NOUN
spir-14088	142	16	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	142	17	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	142	18	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	143	1	big	big	ADJ
spir-14088	143	2	data	datum	NOUN
spir-14088	143	3	&	&	CCONJ
spir-14088	143	4	society	society	NOUN
spir-14088	143	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	144	1	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-14088	144	2	:	:	PUNCT
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spir-14088	144	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	145	1	van	van	PROPN
spir-14088	145	2	der	der	PROPN
spir-14088	145	3	vlist	vlist	VERB
spir-14088	145	4	fn	fn	PROPN
spir-14088	145	5	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	145	6	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	145	7	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	145	8	the	the	DET
spir-14088	145	9	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	145	10	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	145	11	ecosystem	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-14088	145	12	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	145	13	configurations	configuration	NOUN
spir-14088	145	14	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	145	15	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
spir-14088	145	16	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	145	17	governance	governance	NOUN
spir-14088	145	18	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	145	19	power	power	NOUN
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spir-14088	147	1	doi	doi	PROPN
spir-14088	147	2	:	:	PUNCT
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spir-14088	147	4	.	.	PUNCT
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spir-14088	148	4	fn	fn	ADV
spir-14088	148	5	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	148	6	helmond	helmond	ADV
spir-14088	148	7	a	a	PRON
spir-14088	148	8	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	148	9	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	148	10	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	148	11	how	how	SCONJ
spir-14088	148	12	partners	partner	NOUN
spir-14088	148	13	mediate	mediate	VERB
spir-14088	148	14	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	148	15	power	power	NOUN
spir-14088	148	16	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	148	17	mapping	map	VERB
spir-14088	148	18	business	business	NOUN
spir-14088	148	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	148	20	data	datum	NOUN
spir-14088	148	21	partnerships	partnership	NOUN
spir-14088	148	22	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	148	23	the	the	DET
spir-14088	148	24	social	social	ADJ
spir-14088	148	25	media	medium	NOUN
spir-14088	148	26	ecosystem	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-14088	148	27	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	149	1	big	big	ADJ
spir-14088	149	2	data	datum	NOUN
spir-14088	149	3	&	&	CCONJ
spir-14088	149	4	society	society	NOUN
spir-14088	149	5	8(1	8(1	NOUN
spir-14088	149	6	):	):	PUNCT
spir-14088	149	7	1–16	1–16	PROPN
spir-14088	149	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	150	1	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-14088	150	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	150	3	10.1177/20539517211025061	10.1177/20539517211025061	NUM
spir-14088	150	4	.	.	PUNCT
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spir-14088	151	7	https://doi.org/10.1177/0308518x221094028	https://doi.org/10.1177/0308518x221094028	PROPN
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spir-14088	152	1	van	van	PROPN
spir-14088	152	2	der	der	PROPN
spir-14088	152	3	vlist	vlist	VERB
spir-14088	152	4	fn	fn	PROPN
spir-14088	152	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	152	6	helmond	helmond	ADV
spir-14088	152	7	a	a	PRON
spir-14088	152	8	and	and	CCONJ
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spir-14088	152	10	fl	fl	PROPN
spir-14088	152	11	(	(	PUNCT
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spir-14088	152	13	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	152	14	big	big	ADJ
spir-14088	152	15	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	152	16	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	152	17	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	152	18	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	152	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	152	20	the	the	DET
spir-14088	152	21	industrialisation	industrialisation	NOUN
spir-14088	152	22	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	152	23	artificial	artificial	ADJ
spir-14088	152	24	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
spir-14088	152	25	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	153	1	big	big	ADJ
spir-14088	153	2	data	data	PROPN
spir-14088	153	3	&	&	CCONJ
spir-14088	153	4	society	society	NOUN
spir-14088	153	5	11(1	11(1	NUM
spir-14088	153	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	153	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	154	1	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-14088	154	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	154	3	10.1177/20539517241232630	10.1177/20539517241232630	NUM
spir-14088	154	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	155	1	zeghari	zeghari	PROPN
spir-14088	155	2	a	a	DET
spir-14088	155	3	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	155	4	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14088	155	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	155	6	amazon	amazon	NOUN
spir-14088	155	7	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	155	8	vision	vision	NOUN
spir-14088	155	9	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	155	10	ai	ai	AUX
spir-14088	155	11	becoming	become	VERB
spir-14088	155	12	the	the	DET
spir-14088	155	13	new	new	ADJ
spir-14088	155	14	electricity	electricity	NOUN
spir-14088	155	15	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	155	16	our	our	PRON
spir-14088	155	17	homes	home	NOUN
spir-14088	155	18	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	156	1	medium	medium	ADJ
spir-14088	156	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	156	3	23	23	NUM
spir-14088	156	4	june	june	PROPN
spir-14088	156	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	157	1	available	available	ADJ
spir-14088	157	2	at	at	ADP
spir-14088	157	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	157	4	https://medium.com/@ayoub.zeghari/amazons-vision-aibecoming-the-new-electricity-in-our-homes-b120bb0ed1	https://medium.com/@ayoub.zeghari/amazons-vision-aibecoming-the-new-electricity-in-our-homes-b120bb0ed1	NOUN
spir-14088	157	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	158	1	https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517241232630	https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517241232630	PROPN
spir-14088	158	2	https://medium.com/@ayoub.zeghari/amazons-vision-ai-becoming-the-new-electricity-in-our-homes-b120bb0ed1	https://medium.com/@ayoub.zeghari/amazons-vision-ai-becoming-the-new-electricity-in-our-homes-b120bb0ed1	PROPN
spir-14088	158	3	https://medium.com/@ayoub.zeghari/amazons-vision-ai-becoming-the-new-electricity-in-our-homes-b120bb0ed1	https://medium.com/@ayoub.zeghari/amazons-vision-ai-becoming-the-new-electricity-in-our-homes-b120bb0ed1	PROPN
spir-14088	158	4	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	158	5	power	power	NOUN
spir-14088	158	6	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	158	7	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	158	8	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	158	9	the	the	DET
spir-14088	158	10	evolution	evolution	NOUN
spir-14088	158	11	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	158	12	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	158	13	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	158	14	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	158	15	the	the	DET
spir-14088	158	16	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	158	17	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	158	18	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	158	19	artificial	artificial	ADJ
spir-14088	158	20	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
spir-14088	158	21	dieuwertje	dieuwertje	PROPN
spir-14088	158	22	maria	maria	PROPN
spir-14088	158	23	rebecca	rebecca	PROPN
spir-14088	158	24	luitse	luitse	PROPN
spir-14088	158	25	university	university	PROPN
spir-14088	158	26	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	158	27	amsterdam	amsterdam	PROPN
spir-14088	158	28	introduction	introduction	NOUN
spir-14088	158	29	powered	power	VERB
spir-14088	158	30	by	by	ADP
spir-14088	158	31	the	the	DET
spir-14088	158	32	promise	promise	NOUN
spir-14088	158	33	that	that	PRON
spir-14088	158	34	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	158	35	ceo	ceo	PROPN
spir-14088	158	36	sundar	sundar	PROPN
spir-14088	158	37	pichai	pichai	PROPN
spir-14088	158	38	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	158	39	2017	2017	NUM
spir-14088	158	40	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	158	41	declared	declare	VERB
spir-14088	158	42	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	158	43	the	the	DET
spir-14088	158	44	shift	shift	NOUN
spir-14088	158	45	from	from	ADP
spir-14088	158	46	a	a	DET
spir-14088	158	47	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	158	48	mobile	mobile	NOUN
spir-14088	158	49	first	first	ADJ
spir-14088	158	50	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	158	51	an	an	DET
spir-14088	158	52	ai	ai	ADJ
spir-14088	158	53	first	first	ADJ
spir-14088	158	54	world	world	NOUN
spir-14088	158	55	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	158	56	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	158	57	amazon	amazon	PROPN
spir-14088	158	58	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	158	59	microsoft	microsoft	PROPN
spir-14088	158	60	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	158	61	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	158	62	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	158	63	have	have	AUX
spir-14088	158	64	become	become	VERB
spir-14088	158	65	the	the	DET
spir-14088	158	66	three	three	NUM
spir-14088	158	67	dominant	dominant	ADJ
spir-14088	158	68	developers	developer	NOUN
spir-14088	158	69	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	158	70	artificial	artificial	ADJ
spir-14088	158	71	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
spir-14088	158	72	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	158	73	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	158	74	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	158	75	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	158	76	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	158	77	services	service	NOUN
spir-14088	158	78	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	158	79	srnicek	srnicek	NOUN
spir-14088	158	80	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	158	81	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	158	82	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	158	83	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	159	1	beyond	beyond	ADP
spir-14088	159	2	leveraging	leverage	VERB
spir-14088	159	3	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	159	4	vast	vast	ADJ
spir-14088	159	5	amounts	amount	NOUN
spir-14088	159	6	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	159	7	data	datum	NOUN
spir-14088	159	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	159	9	these	these	DET
spir-14088	159	10	corporations	corporation	NOUN
spir-14088	159	11	have	have	AUX
spir-14088	159	12	equipped	equip	VERB
spir-14088	159	13	themselves	themselves	PRON
spir-14088	159	14	with	with	ADP
spir-14088	159	15	technical	technical	ADJ
spir-14088	159	16	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
spir-14088	159	17	through	through	ADP
spir-14088	159	18	the	the	DET
spir-14088	159	19	attraction	attraction	NOUN
spir-14088	159	20	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	159	21	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	159	22	expertise	expertise	NOUN
spir-14088	159	23	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	159	24	the	the	DET
spir-14088	159	25	acquisitions	acquisition	NOUN
spir-14088	159	26	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	159	27	ai	ai	INTJ
spir-14088	159	28	startups	startup	NOUN
spir-14088	159	29	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	159	30	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
spir-14088	159	31	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	159	32	google	google	NOUN
spir-14088	159	33	/	/	SYM
spir-14088	159	34	deepmind	deepmind	NOUN
spir-14088	159	35	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	159	36	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	159	37	extensive	extensive	ADJ
spir-14088	159	38	business	business	NOUN
spir-14088	159	39	partnerships	partnership	NOUN
spir-14088	159	40	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	159	41	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
spir-14088	159	42	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	159	43	brockman	brockman	PROPN
spir-14088	159	44	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	159	45	2019	2019	NUM
spir-14088	159	46	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	159	47	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	160	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
spir-14088	160	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	160	3	the	the	DET
spir-14088	160	4	last	last	ADJ
spir-14088	160	5	years	year	NOUN
spir-14088	160	6	have	have	AUX
spir-14088	160	7	seen	see	VERB
spir-14088	160	8	significant	significant	ADJ
spir-14088	160	9	investments	investment	NOUN
spir-14088	160	10	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	160	11	the	the	DET
spir-14088	160	12	infrastructural	infrastructural	ADJ
spir-14088	160	13	expansion	expansion	NOUN
spir-14088	160	14	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	160	15	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	160	16	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	160	17	computing	computing	NOUN
spir-14088	160	18	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	160	19	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	160	20	amazon	amazon	PROPN
spir-14088	160	21	web	web	NOUN
spir-14088	160	22	services	service	NOUN
spir-14088	160	23	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	160	24	aws	aw	NOUN
spir-14088	160	25	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	160	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	160	27	microsoft	microsoft	PROPN
spir-14088	160	28	azure	azure	NOUN
spir-14088	160	29	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	160	30	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	160	31	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	160	32	cloud	cloud	PROPN
spir-14088	160	33	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	161	1	these	these	DET
spir-14088	161	2	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	161	3	now	now	ADV
spir-14088	161	4	provide	provide	VERB
spir-14088	161	5	full	full	ADJ
spir-14088	161	6	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	161	7	stack	stack	NOUN
spir-14088	161	8	tools	tool	NOUN
spir-14088	161	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	161	10	services	service	NOUN
spir-14088	161	11	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	161	12	the	the	DET
spir-14088	161	13	production	production	NOUN
spir-14088	161	14	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	161	15	deployment	deployment	NOUN
spir-14088	161	16	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	161	17	machine	machine	NOUN
spir-14088	161	18	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	161	19	learning	learn	VERB
spir-14088	161	20	systems	system	NOUN
spir-14088	161	21	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	161	22	applications	application	NOUN
spir-14088	161	23	thriving	thrive	VERB
spir-14088	161	24	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	161	25	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	161	26	proprietary	proprietary	ADJ
spir-14088	161	27	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	161	28	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	161	29	computing	compute	VERB
spir-14088	161	30	power	power	NOUN
spir-14088	161	31	at	at	ADP
spir-14088	161	32	scale	scale	NOUN
spir-14088	161	33	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	161	34	luitse	luitse	ADJ
spir-14088	161	35	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	161	36	denkena	denkena	NOUN
spir-14088	161	37	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	161	38	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	161	39	;	;	PUNCT
spir-14088	161	40	van	van	PROPN
spir-14088	161	41	der	der	NOUN
spir-14088	161	42	vlist	vlist	VERB
spir-14088	161	43	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	161	44	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	161	45	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	161	46	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	161	47	2024	2024	NUM
spir-14088	161	48	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	161	49	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	162	1	the	the	DET
spir-14088	162	2	most	most	ADV
spir-14088	162	3	recent	recent	ADJ
spir-14088	162	4	developments	development	NOUN
spir-14088	162	5	include	include	VERB
spir-14088	162	6	the	the	DET
spir-14088	162	7	provision	provision	NOUN
spir-14088	162	8	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	162	9	foundation	foundation	NOUN
spir-14088	162	10	models	model	NOUN
spir-14088	162	11	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	162	12	bommasani	bommasani	NOUN
spir-14088	162	13	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	162	14	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	162	15	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	162	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	162	17	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	162	18	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	162	19	such	such	ADJ
spir-14088	162	20	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	162	21	openai	openai	NOUN
spir-14088	162	22	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	162	23	dall·e	dall·e	PROPN
spir-14088	162	24	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	162	25	ramesh	ramesh	PROPN
spir-14088	162	26	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	162	27	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	162	28	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	162	29	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	162	30	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	162	31	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	162	32	or	or	CCONJ
spir-14088	162	33	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	162	34	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	162	35	palm	palm	NOUN
spir-14088	162	36	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	162	37	chowdhery	chowdhery	NOUN
spir-14088	162	38	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	162	39	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	162	40	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	162	41	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	162	42	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	162	43	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	162	44	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	163	1	driven	drive	VERB
spir-14088	163	2	by	by	ADP
spir-14088	163	3	ai	ai	PRON
spir-14088	163	4	hype	hype	NOUN
spir-14088	163	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	163	6	corporate	corporate	ADJ
spir-14088	163	7	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	163	8	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	163	9	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	163	10	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	163	11	services	service	NOUN
spir-14088	163	12	are	be	AUX
spir-14088	163	13	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
spir-14088	163	14	implemented	implement	VERB
spir-14088	163	15	across	across	ADP
spir-14088	163	16	industries	industry	NOUN
spir-14088	163	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	164	1	following	follow	VERB
spir-14088	164	2	research	research	NOUN
spir-14088	164	3	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	164	4	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	164	5	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	164	6	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	164	7	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	164	8	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	164	9	luitse	luitse	ADJ
spir-14088	164	10	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	164	11	denkena	denkena	NOUN
spir-14088	164	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	164	13	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	164	14	;	;	PUNCT
spir-14088	164	15	widder	widder	X
spir-14088	164	16	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	164	17	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	164	18	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	164	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	164	20	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14088	164	21	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	164	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	164	23	this	this	PRON
spir-14088	164	24	has	have	AUX
spir-14088	164	25	allowed	allow	VERB
spir-14088	164	26	aws	aw	NOUN
spir-14088	164	27	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	164	28	microsoft	microsoft	PROPN
spir-14088	164	29	azure	azure	NOUN
spir-14088	164	30	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	164	31	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	164	32	cloud	cloud	PROPN
spir-14088	164	33	to	to	PART
spir-14088	164	34	leverage	leverage	VERB
spir-14088	164	35	them	they	PRON
spir-14088	164	36	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	164	37	core	core	NOUN
spir-14088	164	38	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	164	39	commercial	commercial	ADJ
spir-14088	164	40	computing	compute	VERB
spir-14088	164	41	assets	asset	NOUN
spir-14088	164	42	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	164	43	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	164	44	narayan	narayan	NOUN
spir-14088	164	45	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	164	46	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	164	47	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	164	48	resulting	result	VERB
spir-14088	164	49	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	164	50	a	a	DET
spir-14088	164	51	rapid	rapid	ADJ
spir-14088	164	52	concentration	concentration	NOUN
spir-14088	164	53	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	164	54	economic	economic	ADJ
spir-14088	164	55	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	164	56	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	164	57	power	power	NOUN
spir-14088	164	58	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	164	59	monopolisation	monopolisation	NOUN
spir-14088	164	60	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	164	61	toward	toward	ADP
spir-14088	164	62	these	these	DET
spir-14088	164	63	corporations	corporation	NOUN
spir-14088	164	64	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	164	65	kak	kak	PROPN
spir-14088	164	66	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	164	67	myers	myers	PROPN
spir-14088	164	68	west	west	PROPN
spir-14088	164	69	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	164	70	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14088	164	71	;	;	PUNCT
spir-14088	164	72	srnicek	srnicek	NOUN
spir-14088	164	73	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	164	74	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	164	75	;	;	PUNCT
spir-14088	164	76	whittaker	whittaker	NOUN
spir-14088	164	77	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	164	78	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	164	79	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	164	80	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	165	1	building	build	VERB
spir-14088	165	2	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	165	3	this	this	DET
spir-14088	165	4	body	body	NOUN
spir-14088	165	5	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	165	6	work	work	NOUN
spir-14088	165	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	165	8	this	this	DET
spir-14088	165	9	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-14088	165	10	provides	provide	VERB
spir-14088	165	11	a	a	DET
spir-14088	165	12	case	case	NOUN
spir-14088	165	13	study	study	NOUN
spir-14088	165	14	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	165	15	how	how	SCONJ
spir-14088	165	16	these	these	DET
spir-14088	165	17	three	three	NUM
spir-14088	165	18	dominant	dominant	ADJ
spir-14088	165	19	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	165	20	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	165	21	have	have	AUX
spir-14088	165	22	strategically	strategically	ADV
spir-14088	165	23	been	be	AUX
spir-14088	165	24	operationalising	operationalise	VERB
spir-14088	165	25	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	165	26	power	power	NOUN
spir-14088	165	27	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	165	28	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	165	29	production	production	NOUN
spir-14088	165	30	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	165	31	deployment	deployment	NOUN
spir-14088	165	32	through	through	ADP
spir-14088	165	33	the	the	DET
spir-14088	165	34	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	165	35	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	165	36	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	165	37	services	service	NOUN
spir-14088	165	38	they	they	PRON
spir-14088	165	39	operate	operate	VERB
spir-14088	165	40	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	166	1	the	the	DET
spir-14088	166	2	critical	critical	ADJ
spir-14088	166	3	analyses	analysis	NOUN
spir-14088	166	4	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	166	5	big	big	ADJ
spir-14088	166	6	tech	tech	NOUN
spir-14088	166	7	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	166	8	monopoly	monopoly	NOUN
spir-14088	166	9	power	power	NOUN
spir-14088	166	10	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	166	11	ai	ai	INTJ
spir-14088	166	12	have	have	AUX
spir-14088	166	13	put	put	VERB
spir-14088	166	14	forward	forward	ADV
spir-14088	166	15	valuable	valuable	ADJ
spir-14088	166	16	macro	macro	ADJ
spir-14088	166	17	-	-	NOUN
spir-14088	166	18	level	level	NOUN
spir-14088	166	19	insights	insight	NOUN
spir-14088	166	20	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	167	1	however	however	ADV
spir-14088	167	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	167	3	relatively	relatively	ADV
spir-14088	167	4	little	little	ADJ
spir-14088	167	5	attention	attention	NOUN
spir-14088	167	6	has	have	AUX
spir-14088	167	7	been	be	AUX
spir-14088	167	8	paid	pay	VERB
spir-14088	167	9	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	167	10	specific	specific	ADJ
spir-14088	167	11	micromaterial	micromaterial	ADJ
spir-14088	167	12	ways	way	NOUN
spir-14088	167	13	power	power	NOUN
spir-14088	167	14	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	167	15	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	167	16	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	167	17	operationalised	operationalise	VERB
spir-14088	167	18	by	by	ADP
spir-14088	167	19	aws	aw	NOUN
spir-14088	167	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	167	21	microsoft	microsoft	PROPN
spir-14088	167	22	azure	azure	NOUN
spir-14088	167	23	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	167	24	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	167	25	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	167	26	through	through	ADP
spir-14088	167	27	the	the	DET
spir-14088	167	28	evolution	evolution	NOUN
spir-14088	167	29	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	167	30	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	167	31	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	167	32	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	167	33	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	167	34	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	167	35	services	service	NOUN
spir-14088	167	36	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	168	1	such	such	ADJ
spir-14088	168	2	research	research	NOUN
spir-14088	168	3	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	168	4	important	important	ADJ
spir-14088	168	5	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	168	6	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	168	7	cloud	cloud	ADJ
spir-14088	168	8	computing	computing	NOUN
spir-14088	168	9	arrangements	arrangement	NOUN
spir-14088	168	10	[	[	X
spir-14088	168	11	…	…	X
spir-14088	168	12	]	]	X
spir-14088	168	13	are	be	AUX
spir-14088	168	14	foundational	foundational	ADJ
spir-14088	168	15	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	168	16	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	168	17	expansion	expansion	NOUN
spir-14088	168	18	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	168	19	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	168	20	narayan	narayan	NOUN
spir-14088	168	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	168	22	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	168	23	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	168	24	915	915	NUM
spir-14088	168	25	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	168	26	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	169	1	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	169	2	evolving	evolve	VERB
spir-14088	169	3	assemblages	assemblage	NOUN
spir-14088	169	4	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	169	5	infrastructural	infrastructural	ADJ
spir-14088	169	6	hardware	hardware	NOUN
spir-14088	169	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	169	8	software	software	NOUN
spir-14088	169	9	services	service	NOUN
spir-14088	169	10	they	they	PRON
spir-14088	169	11	set	set	VERB
spir-14088	169	12	the	the	DET
spir-14088	169	13	conditions	condition	NOUN
spir-14088	169	14	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	169	15	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	169	16	production	production	NOUN
spir-14088	169	17	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	169	18	deployment	deployment	NOUN
spir-14088	169	19	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	169	20	jacobides	jacobide	NOUN
spir-14088	169	21	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	169	22	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	169	23	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	169	24	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	169	25	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	169	26	;	;	PUNCT
spir-14088	169	27	rieder	rieder	NOUN
spir-14088	169	28	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	169	29	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	169	30	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	169	31	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	169	32	shaping	shape	VERB
spir-14088	169	33	the	the	DET
spir-14088	169	34	present	present	NOUN
spir-14088	169	35	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	169	36	terms	term	NOUN
spir-14088	169	37	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	169	38	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	169	39	what	what	PRON
spir-14088	169	40	we	we	PRON
spir-14088	169	41	do	do	AUX
spir-14088	169	42	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	169	43	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	169	44	do	do	AUX
spir-14088	169	45	not	not	PART
spir-14088	169	46	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	169	47	know	know	VERB
spir-14088	169	48	about	about	ADP
spir-14088	169	49	[	[	X
spir-14088	169	50	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	169	51	]	]	PUNCT
spir-14088	169	52	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	169	53	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	169	54	whittaker	whittaker	NOUN
spir-14088	169	55	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	169	56	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	169	57	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	169	58	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	170	1	these	these	DET
spir-14088	170	2	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	170	3	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	170	4	therefore	therefore	ADV
spir-14088	170	5	warrant	warrant	VERB
spir-14088	170	6	a	a	DET
spir-14088	170	7	deeper	deep	ADJ
spir-14088	170	8	examination	examination	NOUN
spir-14088	170	9	into	into	ADP
spir-14088	170	10	the	the	DET
spir-14088	170	11	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	170	12	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	170	13	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	170	14	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	170	15	services	service	NOUN
spir-14088	170	16	they	they	PRON
spir-14088	170	17	have	have	AUX
spir-14088	170	18	developed	develop	VERB
spir-14088	170	19	over	over	ADP
spir-14088	170	20	time	time	NOUN
spir-14088	170	21	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	171	1	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	171	2	such	such	ADJ
spir-14088	171	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	171	4	we	we	PRON
spir-14088	171	5	can	can	AUX
spir-14088	171	6	better	well	ADV
spir-14088	171	7	understand	understand	VERB
spir-14088	171	8	the	the	DET
spir-14088	171	9	ways	way	NOUN
spir-14088	171	10	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	171	11	which	which	PRON
spir-14088	171	12	these	these	DET
spir-14088	171	13	companies	company	NOUN
spir-14088	171	14	have	have	AUX
spir-14088	171	15	strategically	strategically	ADV
spir-14088	171	16	manifested	manifest	VERB
spir-14088	171	17	themselves	themselves	PRON
spir-14088	171	18	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	171	19	the	the	DET
spir-14088	171	20	field	field	NOUN
spir-14088	171	21	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	171	22	attempt	attempt	VERB
spir-14088	171	23	to	to	PART
spir-14088	171	24	exercise	exercise	VERB
spir-14088	171	25	power	power	NOUN
spir-14088	171	26	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	171	27	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	171	28	through	through	ADP
spir-14088	171	29	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	171	30	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	171	31	ecosystems	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-14088	171	32	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	172	1	this	this	DET
spir-14088	172	2	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-14088	172	3	provides	provide	VERB
spir-14088	172	4	such	such	DET
spir-14088	172	5	an	an	DET
spir-14088	172	6	inquiry	inquiry	NOUN
spir-14088	172	7	through	through	ADP
spir-14088	172	8	a	a	DET
spir-14088	172	9	critical	critical	ADJ
spir-14088	172	10	empirical	empirical	ADJ
spir-14088	172	11	investigation	investigation	NOUN
spir-14088	172	12	into	into	ADP
spir-14088	172	13	the	the	DET
spir-14088	172	14	evolution	evolution	NOUN
spir-14088	172	15	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	172	16	aws	aws	PROPN
spir-14088	172	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	172	18	microsoft	microsoft	PROPN
spir-14088	172	19	azure	azure	NOUN
spir-14088	172	20	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	172	21	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	172	22	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	172	23	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	172	24	the	the	DET
spir-14088	172	25	context	context	NOUN
spir-14088	172	26	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	172	27	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	172	28	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	172	29	the	the	DET
spir-14088	172	30	run	run	NOUN
spir-14088	172	31	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	172	32	up	up	NOUN
spir-14088	172	33	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	172	34	the	the	DET
spir-14088	172	35	current	current	ADJ
spir-14088	172	36	shift	shift	NOUN
spir-14088	172	37	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	172	38	foundation	foundation	NOUN
spir-14088	172	39	models	model	NOUN
spir-14088	172	40	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	173	1	that	that	PRON
spir-14088	173	2	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	173	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	173	4	primarily	primarily	ADV
spir-14088	173	5	since	since	SCONJ
spir-14088	173	6	sundar	sundar	PROPN
spir-14088	173	7	pichai	pichai	PROPN
spir-14088	173	8	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	173	9	2017	2017	NUM
spir-14088	173	10	defining	define	VERB
spir-14088	173	11	proclamation	proclamation	NOUN
spir-14088	173	12	up	up	ADP
spir-14088	173	13	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	173	14	april	april	PROPN
spir-14088	173	15	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	173	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	174	1	following	follow	VERB
spir-14088	174	2	a	a	DET
spir-14088	174	3	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	174	4	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	174	5	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	174	6	evolutionary	evolutionary	ADJ
spir-14088	174	7	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	174	8	studies	study	NOUN
spir-14088	174	9	research	research	NOUN
spir-14088	174	10	approach	approach	NOUN
spir-14088	174	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	174	12	i	i	PRON
spir-14088	174	13	investigate	investigate	VERB
spir-14088	174	14	the	the	DET
spir-14088	174	15	development	development	NOUN
spir-14088	174	16	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	174	17	aws	aws	PROPN
spir-14088	174	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	174	19	microsoft	microsoft	PROPN
spir-14088	174	20	azure	azure	NOUN
spir-14088	174	21	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	174	22	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	174	23	cloud	cloud	PROPN
spir-14088	174	24	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	174	25	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	174	26	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	174	27	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	174	28	services	service	NOUN
spir-14088	174	29	over	over	ADP
spir-14088	174	30	this	this	DET
spir-14088	174	31	period	period	NOUN
spir-14088	174	32	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	174	33	time	time	NOUN
spir-14088	174	34	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	174	35	show	show	VERB
spir-14088	174	36	how	how	SCONJ
spir-14088	174	37	these	these	DET
spir-14088	174	38	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	174	39	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	174	40	operationalise	operationalise	VERB
spir-14088	174	41	specific	specific	ADJ
spir-14088	174	42	forms	form	NOUN
spir-14088	174	43	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	174	44	infrastructural	infrastructural	ADJ
spir-14088	174	45	power	power	NOUN
spir-14088	174	46	to	to	PART
spir-14088	174	47	further	far	ADV
spir-14088	174	48	solidify	solidify	VERB
spir-14088	174	49	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	174	50	position	position	NOUN
spir-14088	174	51	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	175	1	evolutionary	evolutionary	ADJ
spir-14088	175	2	technographic	technographic	ADJ
spir-14088	175	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-14088	175	4	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	175	5	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	175	6	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	175	7	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	175	8	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	175	9	to	to	PART
spir-14088	175	10	conduct	conduct	VERB
spir-14088	175	11	this	this	DET
spir-14088	175	12	study	study	NOUN
spir-14088	175	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	175	14	i	i	PRON
spir-14088	175	15	developed	develop	VERB
spir-14088	175	16	a	a	DET
spir-14088	175	17	methodological	methodological	ADJ
spir-14088	175	18	approach	approach	NOUN
spir-14088	175	19	that	that	PRON
spir-14088	175	20	i	i	PRON
spir-14088	175	21	call	call	VERB
spir-14088	175	22	evolutionary	evolutionary	ADJ
spir-14088	175	23	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	175	24	technography	technography	NOUN
spir-14088	175	25	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	176	1	adapted	adapt	VERB
spir-14088	176	2	from	from	ADP
spir-14088	176	3	bucher	bucher	PROPN
spir-14088	176	4	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	176	5	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	176	6	2018	2018	NUM
spir-14088	176	7	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	176	8	notion	notion	NOUN
spir-14088	176	9	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	176	10	technography	technography	NOUN
spir-14088	176	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	176	12	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	176	13	helmond	helmond	NOUN
spir-14088	176	14	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	176	15	van	van	PROPN
spir-14088	176	16	der	der	PROPN
spir-14088	176	17	vlist	vlist	PROPN
spir-14088	176	18	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	176	19	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	176	20	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	176	21	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	176	22	work	work	NOUN
spir-14088	176	23	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	176	24	historical	historical	ADJ
spir-14088	176	25	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	176	26	studies	study	NOUN
spir-14088	176	27	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	176	28	this	this	DET
spir-14088	176	29	method	method	NOUN
spir-14088	176	30	draws	draw	VERB
spir-14088	176	31	from	from	ADP
spir-14088	176	32	a	a	DET
spir-14088	176	33	wide	wide	ADJ
spir-14088	176	34	variety	variety	NOUN
spir-14088	176	35	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	176	36	sources	source	NOUN
spir-14088	176	37	including	include	VERB
spir-14088	176	38	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	176	39	1	1	X
spir-14088	176	40	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	176	41	archived	archive	VERB
spir-14088	176	42	product	product	NOUN
spir-14088	176	43	pages	page	NOUN
spir-14088	176	44	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	176	45	documentation	documentation	NOUN
spir-14088	176	46	from	from	ADP
spir-14088	176	47	each	each	DET
spir-14088	176	48	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	176	49	available	available	ADJ
spir-14088	176	50	through	through	ADP
spir-14088	176	51	the	the	DET
spir-14088	176	52	internet	internet	NOUN
spir-14088	176	53	archive	archive	NOUN
spir-14088	176	54	wayback	wayback	NOUN
spir-14088	176	55	machine	machine	NOUN
spir-14088	176	56	;	;	PUNCT
spir-14088	176	57	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	176	58	2	2	X
spir-14088	176	59	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	176	60	aws	aw	NOUN
spir-14088	176	61	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	176	62	azure	azure	NOUN
spir-14088	176	63	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	176	64	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	176	65	cloud	cloud	PROPN
spir-14088	176	66	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	176	67	corporate	corporate	ADJ
spir-14088	176	68	blog	blog	NOUN
spir-14088	176	69	posts	post	NOUN
spir-14088	176	70	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	176	71	press	press	NOUN
spir-14088	176	72	releases	release	NOUN
spir-14088	176	73	;	;	PUNCT
spir-14088	176	74	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	176	75	3	3	X
spir-14088	176	76	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	176	77	industry	industry	NOUN
spir-14088	176	78	reports	report	NOUN
spir-14088	176	79	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	177	1	the	the	DET
spir-14088	177	2	evolutionary	evolutionary	ADJ
spir-14088	177	3	technographic	technographic	ADJ
spir-14088	177	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-14088	177	5	entailed	entail	VERB
spir-14088	177	6	two	two	NUM
spir-14088	177	7	complementary	complementary	ADJ
spir-14088	177	8	lines	line	NOUN
spir-14088	177	9	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	177	10	inquiry	inquiry	NOUN
spir-14088	177	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	178	1	first	first	ADV
spir-14088	178	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	178	3	i	i	PRON
spir-14088	178	4	examined	examine	VERB
spir-14088	178	5	the	the	DET
spir-14088	178	6	collection	collection	NOUN
spir-14088	178	7	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	178	8	archived	archive	VERB
spir-14088	178	9	product	product	NOUN
spir-14088	178	10	pages	page	NOUN
spir-14088	178	11	to	to	PART
spir-14088	178	12	reconstruct	reconstruct	VERB
spir-14088	178	13	the	the	DET
spir-14088	178	14	development	development	NOUN
spir-14088	178	15	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	178	16	aws	aws	PROPN
spir-14088	178	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	178	18	microsoft	microsoft	PROPN
spir-14088	178	19	azure	azure	NOUN
spir-14088	178	20	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	178	21	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	178	22	cloud	cloud	PROPN
spir-14088	178	23	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	178	24	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	178	25	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	178	26	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	178	27	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	178	28	services	service	NOUN
spir-14088	178	29	over	over	ADP
spir-14088	178	30	time	time	NOUN
spir-14088	178	31	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	179	1	this	this	DET
spir-14088	179	2	mapping	mapping	NOUN
spir-14088	179	3	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	179	4	the	the	DET
spir-14088	179	5	evolution	evolution	NOUN
spir-14088	179	6	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	179	7	these	these	DET
spir-14088	179	8	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	179	9	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	179	10	provides	provide	VERB
spir-14088	179	11	empirical	empirical	ADJ
spir-14088	179	12	insight	insight	NOUN
spir-14088	179	13	into	into	ADP
spir-14088	179	14	how	how	SCONJ
spir-14088	179	15	the	the	DET
spir-14088	179	16	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	179	17	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	179	18	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	179	19	services	service	NOUN
spir-14088	179	20	have	have	AUX
spir-14088	179	21	been	be	AUX
spir-14088	179	22	developed	develop	VERB
spir-14088	179	23	according	accord	VERB
spir-14088	179	24	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	179	25	the	the	DET
spir-14088	179	26	service	service	NOUN
spir-14088	179	27	layers	layer	NOUN
spir-14088	179	28	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	179	29	the	the	DET
spir-14088	179	30	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	179	31	stack	stack	NOUN
spir-14088	179	32	—	—	PUNCT
spir-14088	179	33	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	179	34	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	179	35	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	179	36	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	179	37	a	a	DET
spir-14088	179	38	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	179	39	service	service	NOUN
spir-14088	179	40	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	179	41	iaas	iaas	PROPN
spir-14088	179	42	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	179	43	;	;	PUNCT
spir-14088	179	44	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	179	45	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	179	46	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	179	47	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	179	48	a	a	DET
spir-14088	179	49	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	179	50	service	service	NOUN
spir-14088	179	51	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	179	52	paas	paas	NOUN
spir-14088	179	53	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	179	54	or	or	CCONJ
spir-14088	179	55	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	179	56	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	179	57	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	179	58	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	179	59	a	a	DET
spir-14088	179	60	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	179	61	service	service	NOUN
spir-14088	179	62	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	179	63	aiaas)—as	aiaas)—as	ADV
spir-14088	179	64	well	well	ADV
spir-14088	179	65	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	179	66	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	179	67	application	application	NOUN
spir-14088	179	68	domain	domain	NOUN
spir-14088	179	69	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	180	1	as	as	SCONJ
spir-14088	180	2	technography	technography	NOUN
spir-14088	180	3	requires	require	VERB
spir-14088	180	4	the	the	DET
spir-14088	180	5	critical	critical	ADJ
spir-14088	180	6	observation	observation	NOUN
spir-14088	180	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	180	8	description	description	NOUN
spir-14088	180	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	180	10	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	180	11	interpretation	interpretation	NOUN
spir-14088	180	12	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	180	13	technical	technical	ADJ
spir-14088	180	14	systems	system	NOUN
spir-14088	180	15	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	180	16	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	180	17	own	own	ADJ
spir-14088	180	18	material	material	NOUN
spir-14088	180	19	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	180	20	discursive	discursive	ADJ
spir-14088	180	21	terms	term	NOUN
spir-14088	180	22	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	180	23	bucher	bucher	NOUN
spir-14088	180	24	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	180	25	2012	2012	NUM
spir-14088	180	26	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	180	27	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	180	28	the	the	DET
spir-14088	180	29	second	second	ADJ
spir-14088	180	30	step	step	NOUN
spir-14088	180	31	involved	involve	VERB
spir-14088	180	32	a	a	DET
spir-14088	180	33	document	document	NOUN
spir-14088	180	34	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-14088	180	35	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	180	36	close	close	ADJ
spir-14088	180	37	reading	reading	NOUN
spir-14088	180	38	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	180	39	the	the	DET
spir-14088	180	40	set	set	NOUN
spir-14088	180	41	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	180	42	collected	collect	VERB
spir-14088	180	43	archived	archive	VERB
spir-14088	180	44	product	product	NOUN
spir-14088	180	45	documentations	documentation	NOUN
spir-14088	180	46	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	180	47	blog	blog	NOUN
spir-14088	180	48	posts	post	NOUN
spir-14088	180	49	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	180	50	press	press	NOUN
spir-14088	180	51	releases	release	NOUN
spir-14088	180	52	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	180	53	industry	industry	NOUN
spir-14088	180	54	reports	report	NOUN
spir-14088	180	55	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	181	1	here	here	ADV
spir-14088	181	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	181	3	i	i	PRON
spir-14088	181	4	focused	focus	VERB
spir-14088	181	5	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	181	6	distinguishing	distinguish	VERB
spir-14088	181	7	the	the	DET
spir-14088	181	8	strategic	strategic	ADJ
spir-14088	181	9	positions	position	NOUN
spir-14088	181	10	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	181	11	aws	aw	NOUN
spir-14088	181	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	181	13	microsoft	microsoft	PROPN
spir-14088	181	14	azure	azure	NOUN
spir-14088	181	15	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	181	16	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	181	17	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	181	18	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	181	19	mobilising	mobilise	VERB
spir-14088	181	20	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	181	21	operating	operate	VERB
spir-14088	181	22	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	181	23	growing	grow	VERB
spir-14088	181	24	collection	collection	NOUN
spir-14088	181	25	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	181	26	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	181	27	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	181	28	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	181	29	services	service	NOUN
spir-14088	181	30	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	182	1	by	by	ADP
spir-14088	182	2	outlining	outline	VERB
spir-14088	182	3	these	these	DET
spir-14088	182	4	corporate	corporate	ADJ
spir-14088	182	5	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
spir-14088	182	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	182	7	this	this	DET
spir-14088	182	8	technographic	technographic	ADJ
spir-14088	182	9	exploration	exploration	NOUN
spir-14088	182	10	into	into	ADP
spir-14088	182	11	the	the	DET
spir-14088	182	12	evolution	evolution	NOUN
spir-14088	182	13	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	182	14	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	182	15	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	182	16	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	182	17	specific	specific	ADJ
spir-14088	182	18	operations	operation	NOUN
spir-14088	182	19	allows	allow	VERB
spir-14088	182	20	me	i	PRON
spir-14088	182	21	to	to	PART
spir-14088	182	22	gain	gain	VERB
spir-14088	182	23	empirical	empirical	ADJ
spir-14088	182	24	insight	insight	NOUN
spir-14088	182	25	into	into	ADP
spir-14088	182	26	the	the	DET
spir-14088	182	27	specific	specific	ADJ
spir-14088	182	28	ways	way	NOUN
spir-14088	182	29	aws	aw	NOUN
spir-14088	182	30	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	182	31	microsoft	microsoft	PROPN
spir-14088	182	32	azure	azure	NOUN
spir-14088	182	33	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	182	34	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	182	35	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	182	36	seek	seek	VERB
spir-14088	182	37	to	to	PART
spir-14088	182	38	exert	exert	VERB
spir-14088	182	39	infrastructural	infrastructural	ADJ
spir-14088	182	40	power	power	NOUN
spir-14088	182	41	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	182	42	the	the	DET
spir-14088	182	43	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	182	44	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	182	45	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	182	46	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	182	47	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	183	1	infrastructural	infrastructural	ADJ
spir-14088	183	2	power	power	NOUN
spir-14088	183	3	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	183	4	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	183	5	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	183	6	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	183	7	vertical	vertical	ADJ
spir-14088	183	8	integration	integration	NOUN
spir-14088	183	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	183	10	complementary	complementary	ADJ
spir-14088	183	11	innovation	innovation	NOUN
spir-14088	183	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	183	13	abstraction	abstraction	VERB
spir-14088	183	14	the	the	DET
spir-14088	183	15	evolution	evolution	NOUN
spir-14088	183	16	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	183	17	aws	aws	PROPN
spir-14088	183	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	183	19	microsoft	microsoft	PROPN
spir-14088	183	20	azure	azure	NOUN
spir-14088	183	21	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	183	22	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	183	23	cloud	cloud	PROPN
spir-14088	183	24	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	183	25	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	183	26	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	183	27	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	184	1	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	184	2	shows	show	NOUN
spir-14088	184	3	that	that	SCONJ
spir-14088	184	4	these	these	DET
spir-14088	184	5	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	184	6	strategically	strategically	ADV
spir-14088	184	7	operationalise	operationalise	VERB
spir-14088	184	8	infrastructural	infrastructural	ADJ
spir-14088	184	9	power	power	NOUN
spir-14088	184	10	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	184	11	three	three	NUM
spir-14088	184	12	significant	significant	ADJ
spir-14088	184	13	ways	way	NOUN
spir-14088	184	14	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	184	15	through	through	ADP
spir-14088	184	16	1	1	NUM
spir-14088	184	17	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	184	18	vertical	vertical	ADJ
spir-14088	184	19	integration	integration	NOUN
spir-14088	184	20	;	;	PUNCT
spir-14088	184	21	2	2	X
spir-14088	184	22	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	184	23	complementary	complementary	ADJ
spir-14088	184	24	innovation	innovation	NOUN
spir-14088	184	25	;	;	PUNCT
spir-14088	184	26	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	184	27	3	3	X
spir-14088	184	28	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	184	29	the	the	DET
spir-14088	184	30	power	power	NOUN
spir-14088	184	31	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	184	32	abstraction	abstraction	NOUN
spir-14088	184	33	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	185	1	first	first	ADV
spir-14088	185	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	185	3	the	the	DET
spir-14088	185	4	widespread	widespread	ADJ
spir-14088	185	5	vertical	vertical	ADJ
spir-14088	185	6	integration	integration	NOUN
spir-14088	185	7	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	185	8	resources	resource	NOUN
spir-14088	185	9	across	across	ADP
spir-14088	185	10	the	the	DET
spir-14088	185	11	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	185	12	stack	stack	NOUN
spir-14088	185	13	strengthens	strengthen	VERB
spir-14088	185	14	these	these	DET
spir-14088	185	15	companies	company	NOUN
spir-14088	185	16	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	185	17	attempts	attempt	VERB
spir-14088	185	18	to	to	PART
spir-14088	185	19	privatise	privatise	VERB
spir-14088	185	20	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	185	21	standardise	standardise	VERB
spir-14088	185	22	entire	entire	ADJ
spir-14088	185	23	machine	machine	NOUN
spir-14088	185	24	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	185	25	learning	learn	VERB
spir-14088	185	26	workflows	workflow	NOUN
spir-14088	185	27	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	186	1	this	this	PRON
spir-14088	186	2	creates	create	VERB
spir-14088	186	3	path	path	NOUN
spir-14088	186	4	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	186	5	dependencies	dependency	NOUN
spir-14088	186	6	which	which	PRON
spir-14088	186	7	could	could	AUX
spir-14088	186	8	lead	lead	VERB
spir-14088	186	9	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	186	10	user	user	NOUN
spir-14088	186	11	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	186	12	vendor	vendor	NOUN
spir-14088	186	13	lock	lock	NOUN
spir-14088	186	14	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	186	15	in	in	NOUN
spir-14088	186	16	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	186	17	cf	cf	NOUN
spir-14088	186	18	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	187	1	van	van	PROPN
spir-14088	187	2	dijck	dijck	NOUN
spir-14088	187	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	187	4	2020	2020	NUM
spir-14088	187	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	187	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	188	1	second	second	ADJ
spir-14088	188	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	188	3	because	because	SCONJ
spir-14088	188	4	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	188	5	systems	system	NOUN
spir-14088	188	6	can	can	AUX
spir-14088	188	7	be	be	AUX
spir-14088	188	8	designed	design	VERB
spir-14088	188	9	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	188	10	many	many	ADJ
spir-14088	188	11	different	different	ADJ
spir-14088	188	12	application	application	NOUN
spir-14088	188	13	domains	domain	NOUN
spir-14088	188	14	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	188	15	aradau	aradau	NOUN
spir-14088	188	16	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	188	17	blanke	blanke	ADJ
spir-14088	188	18	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	188	19	;	;	PUNCT
spir-14088	188	20	rieder	rieder	NOUN
spir-14088	188	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	188	22	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	188	23	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	188	24	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	188	25	these	these	DET
spir-14088	188	26	technologies	technology	NOUN
spir-14088	188	27	enable	enable	VERB
spir-14088	188	28	aws	aw	NOUN
spir-14088	188	29	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	188	30	microsoft	microsoft	PROPN
spir-14088	188	31	azure	azure	NOUN
spir-14088	188	32	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	188	33	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	188	34	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	188	35	to	to	PART
spir-14088	188	36	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
spir-14088	188	37	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	188	38	complementary	complementary	ADJ
spir-14088	188	39	innovation	innovation	NOUN
spir-14088	188	40	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	188	41	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	188	42	gawer	gawer	NOUN
spir-14088	188	43	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	188	44	2014	2014	NUM
spir-14088	188	45	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	188	46	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	188	47	two	two	NUM
spir-14088	188	48	directions	direction	NOUN
spir-14088	188	49	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	189	1	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	189	2	the	the	DET
spir-14088	189	3	one	one	NUM
spir-14088	189	4	hand	hand	NOUN
spir-14088	189	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	189	6	this	this	PRON
spir-14088	189	7	facilitates	facilitate	VERB
spir-14088	189	8	the	the	DET
spir-14088	189	9	strategic	strategic	ADJ
spir-14088	189	10	development	development	NOUN
spir-14088	189	11	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	189	12	complementary	complementary	ADJ
spir-14088	189	13	services	service	NOUN
spir-14088	189	14	to	to	PART
spir-14088	189	15	infrastructurally	infrastructurally	ADV
spir-14088	189	16	expand	expand	VERB
spir-14088	189	17	themselves	themselves	PRON
spir-14088	189	18	into	into	ADP
spir-14088	189	19	different	different	ADJ
spir-14088	189	20	application	application	NOUN
spir-14088	189	21	domains	domain	NOUN
spir-14088	189	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	189	23	such	such	ADJ
spir-14088	189	24	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	189	25	healthcare	healthcare	NOUN
spir-14088	189	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	189	27	manufacturing	manufacturing	NOUN
spir-14088	189	28	or	or	CCONJ
spir-14088	189	29	retail	retail	NOUN
spir-14088	189	30	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	189	31	set	set	VERB
spir-14088	189	32	the	the	DET
spir-14088	189	33	conditions	condition	NOUN
spir-14088	189	34	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	189	35	possibility	possibility	NOUN
spir-14088	189	36	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	189	37	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	189	38	development	development	NOUN
spir-14088	189	39	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	189	40	these	these	DET
spir-14088	189	41	respective	respective	ADJ
spir-14088	189	42	areas	area	NOUN
spir-14088	189	43	moving	move	VERB
spir-14088	189	44	forward	forward	ADV
spir-14088	189	45	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	190	1	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	190	2	the	the	DET
spir-14088	190	3	other	other	ADJ
spir-14088	190	4	hand	hand	NOUN
spir-14088	190	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	190	6	the	the	DET
spir-14088	190	7	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-14088	190	8	shows	show	VERB
spir-14088	190	9	that	that	SCONJ
spir-14088	190	10	new	new	ADJ
spir-14088	190	11	machine	machine	NOUN
spir-14088	190	12	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	190	13	learning	learn	VERB
spir-14088	190	14	capabilities	capability	NOUN
spir-14088	190	15	operate	operate	VERB
spir-14088	190	16	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	190	17	complementary	complementary	ADJ
spir-14088	190	18	ways	way	NOUN
spir-14088	190	19	that	that	PRON
spir-14088	190	20	seamlessly	seamlessly	ADV
spir-14088	190	21	align	align	VERB
spir-14088	190	22	with	with	ADP
spir-14088	190	23	other	other	ADJ
spir-14088	190	24	parts	part	NOUN
spir-14088	190	25	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	190	26	the	the	DET
spir-14088	190	27	larger	large	ADJ
spir-14088	190	28	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	190	29	ecosystems	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-14088	190	30	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	190	31	amazon	amazon	NOUN
spir-14088	190	32	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	190	33	microsoft	microsoft	PROPN
spir-14088	190	34	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	190	35	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	190	36	such	such	ADJ
spir-14088	190	37	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	190	38	amazon	amazon	PROPN
spir-14088	190	39	mechanical	mechanical	ADJ
spir-14088	190	40	turk	turk	PROPN
spir-14088	190	41	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	191	1	third	third	ADV
spir-14088	191	2	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	191	3	lastly	lastly	ADV
spir-14088	191	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	191	5	i	i	PRON
spir-14088	191	6	locate	locate	VERB
spir-14088	191	7	that	that	SCONJ
spir-14088	191	8	these	these	DET
spir-14088	191	9	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	191	10	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	191	11	strategically	strategically	ADV
spir-14088	191	12	operationalise	operationalise	VERB
spir-14088	191	13	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	191	14	the	the	DET
spir-14088	191	15	power	power	NOUN
spir-14088	191	16	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	191	17	abstraction	abstraction	NOUN
spir-14088	191	18	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	191	19	to	to	PART
spir-14088	191	20	strengthen	strengthen	VERB
spir-14088	191	21	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	191	22	position	position	NOUN
spir-14088	191	23	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	191	24	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	191	25	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	191	26	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	191	27	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	191	28	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	192	1	while	while	SCONJ
spir-14088	192	2	abstraction	abstraction	NOUN
spir-14088	192	3	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	192	4	considered	consider	VERB
spir-14088	192	5	to	to	PART
spir-14088	192	6	play	play	VERB
spir-14088	192	7	a	a	DET
spir-14088	192	8	central	central	ADJ
spir-14088	192	9	role	role	NOUN
spir-14088	192	10	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	192	11	computer	computer	NOUN
spir-14088	192	12	science	science	NOUN
spir-14088	192	13	practices	practice	NOUN
spir-14088	192	14	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	192	15	selbst	selbst	PROPN
spir-14088	192	16	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	192	17	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	192	18	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	192	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	192	20	2018	2018	NUM
spir-14088	192	21	;	;	PUNCT
spir-14088	192	22	rieder	rieder	NOUN
spir-14088	192	23	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	192	24	2020	2020	NUM
spir-14088	192	25	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	192	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	192	27	the	the	DET
spir-14088	192	28	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-14088	192	29	shows	show	VERB
spir-14088	192	30	how	how	SCONJ
spir-14088	192	31	these	these	DET
spir-14088	192	32	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	192	33	mobilise	mobilise	VERB
spir-14088	192	34	the	the	DET
spir-14088	192	35	ability	ability	NOUN
spir-14088	192	36	to	to	PART
spir-14088	192	37	hide	hide	VERB
spir-14088	192	38	the	the	DET
spir-14088	192	39	complex	complex	ADJ
spir-14088	192	40	operations	operation	NOUN
spir-14088	192	41	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	192	42	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	192	43	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	192	44	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	192	45	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	192	46	services	service	NOUN
spir-14088	192	47	across	across	ADP
spir-14088	192	48	the	the	DET
spir-14088	192	49	layers	layer	NOUN
spir-14088	192	50	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	192	51	the	the	DET
spir-14088	192	52	stack	stack	NOUN
spir-14088	192	53	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	193	1	while	while	SCONJ
spir-14088	193	2	this	this	DET
spir-14088	193	3	simplifies	simplifie	NOUN
spir-14088	193	4	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	193	5	speeds	speed	VERB
spir-14088	193	6	up	up	ADP
spir-14088	193	7	machine	machine	NOUN
spir-14088	193	8	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	193	9	learning	learn	VERB
spir-14088	193	10	development	development	NOUN
spir-14088	193	11	pipelines	pipeline	NOUN
spir-14088	193	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	193	13	it	it	PRON
spir-14088	193	14	also	also	ADV
spir-14088	193	15	creates	create	VERB
spir-14088	193	16	significant	significant	ADJ
spir-14088	193	17	advantages	advantage	NOUN
spir-14088	193	18	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	193	19	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	193	20	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	193	21	to	to	PART
spir-14088	193	22	structure	structure	VERB
spir-14088	193	23	these	these	DET
spir-14088	193	24	practices	practice	NOUN
spir-14088	193	25	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	193	26	ways	way	NOUN
spir-14088	193	27	that	that	PRON
spir-14088	193	28	further	far	ADV
spir-14088	193	29	reinforce	reinforce	VERB
spir-14088	193	30	the	the	DET
spir-14088	193	31	creation	creation	NOUN
spir-14088	193	32	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	193	33	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	193	34	systems	system	NOUN
spir-14088	193	35	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	193	36	applications	application	NOUN
spir-14088	193	37	that	that	PRON
spir-14088	193	38	rely	rely	VERB
spir-14088	193	39	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	193	40	the	the	DET
spir-14088	193	41	data	datum	NOUN
spir-14088	193	42	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	193	43	computing	compute	VERB
spir-14088	193	44	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	193	45	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	193	46	machine	machine	NOUN
spir-14088	193	47	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	193	48	learning	learn	VERB
spir-14088	193	49	expertise	expertise	NOUN
spir-14088	193	50	they	they	PRON
spir-14088	193	51	own	own	VERB
spir-14088	193	52	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	193	53	operate	operate	VERB
spir-14088	193	54	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	194	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
spir-14088	194	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	194	3	the	the	DET
spir-14088	194	4	operationalisation	operationalisation	NOUN
spir-14088	194	5	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	194	6	abstraction	abstraction	NOUN
spir-14088	194	7	thwarts	thwart	VERB
spir-14088	194	8	the	the	DET
spir-14088	194	9	critical	critical	ADJ
spir-14088	194	10	scrutiny	scrutiny	NOUN
spir-14088	194	11	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	194	12	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
spir-14088	194	13	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	194	14	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	194	15	systems	system	NOUN
spir-14088	194	16	even	even	ADV
spir-14088	194	17	though	though	SCONJ
spir-14088	194	18	there	there	PRON
spir-14088	194	19	have	have	AUX
spir-14088	194	20	been	be	AUX
spir-14088	194	21	ever	ever	ADV
spir-14088	194	22	more	more	ADJ
spir-14088	194	23	calls	call	NOUN
spir-14088	194	24	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	194	25	critical	critical	ADJ
spir-14088	194	26	oversight	oversight	NOUN
spir-14088	194	27	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	194	28	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
spir-14088	194	29	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	194	30	buolamwini	buolamwini	NOUN
spir-14088	194	31	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	194	32	gebru	gebru	NOUN
spir-14088	194	33	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	194	34	2018	2018	NUM
spir-14088	194	35	;	;	PUNCT
spir-14088	194	36	bender	bender	PROPN
spir-14088	194	37	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	194	38	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	194	39	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	194	40	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	194	41	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	194	42	;	;	PUNCT
spir-14088	194	43	kak	kak	PROPN
spir-14088	194	44	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	194	45	myers	myers	PROPN
spir-14088	194	46	west	west	PROPN
spir-14088	194	47	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	194	48	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14088	194	49	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	194	50	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	195	1	as	as	SCONJ
spir-14088	195	2	such	such	ADJ
spir-14088	195	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	195	4	abstraction	abstraction	NOUN
spir-14088	195	5	provides	provide	VERB
spir-14088	195	6	aws	aw	NOUN
spir-14088	195	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	195	8	microsoft	microsoft	PROPN
spir-14088	195	9	azure	azure	NOUN
spir-14088	195	10	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	195	11	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	195	12	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	195	13	with	with	ADP
spir-14088	195	14	the	the	DET
spir-14088	195	15	infrastructural	infrastructural	ADJ
spir-14088	195	16	power	power	NOUN
spir-14088	195	17	to	to	PART
spir-14088	195	18	shift	shift	VERB
spir-14088	195	19	the	the	DET
spir-14088	195	20	focus	focus	NOUN
spir-14088	195	21	away	away	ADV
spir-14088	195	22	from	from	ADP
spir-14088	195	23	alternative	alternative	ADJ
spir-14088	195	24	resources	resource	NOUN
spir-14088	195	25	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	195	26	the	the	DET
spir-14088	195	27	development	development	NOUN
spir-14088	195	28	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	195	29	new	new	ADJ
spir-14088	195	30	approaches	approach	NOUN
spir-14088	195	31	that	that	PRON
spir-14088	195	32	contribute	contribute	VERB
spir-14088	195	33	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	195	34	different	different	ADJ
spir-14088	195	35	understandings	understanding	NOUN
spir-14088	195	36	about	about	ADP
spir-14088	195	37	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	195	38	outside	outside	ADP
spir-14088	195	39	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	195	40	the	the	DET
spir-14088	195	41	confining	confine	VERB
spir-14088	195	42	ecosystems	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-14088	195	43	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	195	44	the	the	DET
spir-14088	195	45	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	195	46	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	196	1	references	reference	NOUN
spir-14088	196	2	aradau	aradau	VERB
spir-14088	196	3	c	c	PROPN
spir-14088	196	4	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	196	5	blanke	blanke	PROPN
spir-14088	196	6	t	t	PROPN
spir-14088	196	7	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	196	8	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	196	9	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	196	10	algorithmic	algorithmic	ADJ
spir-14088	196	11	reason	reason	NOUN
spir-14088	196	12	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	196	13	the	the	DET
spir-14088	196	14	new	new	ADJ
spir-14088	196	15	government	government	NOUN
spir-14088	196	16	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	196	17	self	self	NOUN
spir-14088	196	18	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	196	19	other	other	ADJ
spir-14088	196	20	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	197	1	new	new	PROPN
spir-14088	197	2	york	york	PROPN
spir-14088	197	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	197	4	oxford	oxford	PROPN
spir-14088	197	5	university	university	PROPN
spir-14088	197	6	press	press	NOUN
spir-14088	197	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	198	1	bender	bender	PROPN
spir-14088	198	2	em	em	PRON
spir-14088	198	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	198	4	gebru	gebru	PROPN
spir-14088	198	5	t	t	PROPN
spir-14088	198	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	198	7	mcmillan	mcmillan	NOUN
spir-14088	198	8	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	198	9	major	major	PROPN
spir-14088	198	10	a	a	PRON
spir-14088	198	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	198	12	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	198	13	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	198	14	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	199	1	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	199	2	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	199	3	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	199	4	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	199	5	the	the	DET
spir-14088	199	6	dangers	danger	NOUN
spir-14088	199	7	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	199	8	stochastic	stochastic	ADJ
spir-14088	199	9	parrots	parrot	NOUN
spir-14088	199	10	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	199	11	can	can	AUX
spir-14088	199	12	language	language	NOUN
spir-14088	199	13	models	model	NOUN
spir-14088	199	14	be	be	AUX
spir-14088	199	15	too	too	ADV
spir-14088	199	16	big	big	ADJ
spir-14088	199	17	?	?	PUNCT
spir-14088	200	1	&	&	CCONJ
spir-14088	200	2	#	#	VERB
spir-14088	200	3	x1f99c	x1f99c	PROPN
spir-14088	200	4	;	;	PUNCT
spir-14088	200	5	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	200	6	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	200	7	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
spir-14088	200	8	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	200	9	the	the	DET
spir-14088	200	10	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	200	11	acm	acm	NOUN
spir-14088	200	12	conference	conference	NOUN
spir-14088	200	13	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	200	14	fairness	fairness	NOUN
spir-14088	200	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	200	16	accountability	accountability	NOUN
spir-14088	200	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	200	18	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	200	19	transparency	transparency	NOUN
spir-14088	200	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	200	21	new	new	PROPN
spir-14088	200	22	york	york	PROPN
spir-14088	200	23	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	200	24	ny	ny	PROPN
spir-14088	200	25	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	200	26	usa	usa	PROPN
spir-14088	200	27	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	200	28	3	3	NUM
spir-14088	200	29	march	march	NOUN
spir-14088	200	30	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	200	31	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	200	32	pp	pp	ADV
spir-14088	200	33	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	201	1	610–623	610–623	NUM
spir-14088	201	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	202	1	facct	facct	ADJ
spir-14088	202	2	’	’	NUM
spir-14088	202	3	21	21	NUM
spir-14088	202	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	202	5	association	association	NOUN
spir-14088	202	6	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	202	7	computing	compute	VERB
spir-14088	202	8	machinery	machinery	NOUN
spir-14088	202	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	203	1	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-14088	203	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	203	3	10.1145/3442188.3445922	10.1145/3442188.3445922	NUM
spir-14088	203	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	204	1	bommasani	bommasani	PROPN
spir-14088	204	2	r	r	NOUN
spir-14088	204	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	204	4	hudson	hudson	PROPN
spir-14088	204	5	da	da	PROPN
spir-14088	204	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	204	7	adeli	adeli	ADJ
spir-14088	204	8	e	e	NOUN
spir-14088	204	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	204	10	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	204	11	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	204	12	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	204	13	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	204	14	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	204	15	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	204	16	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	204	17	the	the	DET
spir-14088	204	18	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
spir-14088	204	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	204	20	risks	risk	NOUN
spir-14088	204	21	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	204	22	foundation	foundation	NOUN
spir-14088	204	23	models	model	NOUN
spir-14088	204	24	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	205	1	arxiv:2108.07258	arxiv:2108.07258	PROPN
spir-14088	205	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	206	1	arxiv	arxiv	PROPN
spir-14088	206	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	207	1	http://arxiv.org/abs/2108.07258	http://arxiv.org/abs/2108.07258	PROPN
spir-14088	207	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	208	1	https://doi.org/10.1145/3442188.3445922	https://doi.org/10.1145/3442188.3445922	PROPN
spir-14088	208	2	http://arxiv.org/abs/2108.07258	http://arxiv.org/abs/2108.07258	PROPN
spir-14088	208	3	brockman	brockman	PROPN
spir-14088	208	4	g	g	PROPN
spir-14088	208	5	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	208	6	2019	2019	NUM
spir-14088	208	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	208	8	22	22	NUM
spir-14088	208	9	july	july	NOUN
spir-14088	208	10	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	208	11	microsoft	microsoft	PROPN
spir-14088	208	12	invests	invest	NOUN
spir-14088	208	13	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	208	14	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	208	15	partners	partner	NOUN
spir-14088	208	16	with	with	ADP
spir-14088	208	17	openai	openai	NOUN
spir-14088	208	18	to	to	PART
spir-14088	208	19	support	support	VERB
spir-14088	208	20	us	we	PRON
spir-14088	208	21	building	build	VERB
spir-14088	208	22	beneficial	beneficial	ADJ
spir-14088	208	23	agi	agi	PROPN
spir-14088	208	24	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	208	25	available	available	ADJ
spir-14088	208	26	at	at	ADP
spir-14088	208	27	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	208	28	https://openai.com/blog/microsoft-invests-in-andpartners-with-openai	https://openai.com/blog/microsoft-invests-in-andpartners-with-openai	NOUN
spir-14088	208	29	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	209	1	bucher	bucher	PROPN
spir-14088	209	2	t	t	PROPN
spir-14088	209	3	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	209	4	2012	2012	NUM
spir-14088	209	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	209	6	programmed	program	VERB
spir-14088	209	7	sociality	sociality	NOUN
spir-14088	209	8	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	209	9	a	a	DET
spir-14088	209	10	software	software	NOUN
spir-14088	209	11	studies	study	NOUN
spir-14088	209	12	perspective	perspective	VERB
spir-14088	209	13	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	209	14	social	social	ADJ
spir-14088	209	15	networking	network	VERB
spir-14088	209	16	sites	site	NOUN
spir-14088	209	17	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	209	18	doctoral	doctoral	ADJ
spir-14088	209	19	dissertation	dissertation	NOUN
spir-14088	209	20	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	209	21	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	210	1	university	university	PROPN
spir-14088	210	2	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	210	3	oslo	oslo	PROPN
spir-14088	210	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	210	5	oslo	oslo	PROPN
spir-14088	210	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	210	7	norway	norway	PROPN
spir-14088	210	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	211	1	bucher	bucher	PROPN
spir-14088	211	2	t	t	PROPN
spir-14088	211	3	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	211	4	2018	2018	NUM
spir-14088	211	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	211	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	212	1	if	if	SCONJ
spir-14088	212	2	…	…	PUNCT
spir-14088	212	3	then	then	ADV
spir-14088	212	4	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	212	5	algorithmic	algorithmic	ADJ
spir-14088	212	6	power	power	NOUN
spir-14088	212	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	212	8	politics	politic	NOUN
spir-14088	212	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	213	1	new	new	PROPN
spir-14088	213	2	york	york	PROPN
spir-14088	213	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	213	4	oxford	oxford	PROPN
spir-14088	213	5	university	university	PROPN
spir-14088	213	6	press	press	NOUN
spir-14088	213	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	214	1	buolamwini	buolamwini	PROPN
spir-14088	214	2	j	j	PROPN
spir-14088	214	3	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	214	4	gebru	gebru	PROPN
spir-14088	214	5	t	t	PROPN
spir-14088	214	6	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	214	7	2018	2018	NUM
spir-14088	214	8	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	214	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	215	1	gender	gender	NOUN
spir-14088	215	2	shades	shade	NOUN
spir-14088	215	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	215	4	intersectional	intersectional	ADJ
spir-14088	215	5	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
spir-14088	215	6	disparities	disparity	NOUN
spir-14088	215	7	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	215	8	commercial	commercial	ADJ
spir-14088	215	9	gender	gender	NOUN
spir-14088	215	10	classification	classification	NOUN
spir-14088	215	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	216	1	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
spir-14088	216	2	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	216	3	machine	machine	NOUN
spir-14088	216	4	learning	learn	VERB
spir-14088	216	5	research	research	PROPN
spir-14088	216	6	812018	812018	NUM
spir-14088	216	7	conference	conference	NOUN
spir-14088	216	8	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	216	9	fairness	fairness	NOUN
spir-14088	216	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	216	11	accountability	accountability	NOUN
spir-14088	216	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	216	13	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	216	14	transparency	transparency	NOUN
spir-14088	216	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	216	16	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	216	17	1–15	1–15	NUM
spir-14088	216	18	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	216	19	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	217	1	https://proceedings.mlr.press/v81/buolamwini18a/buolamwini18a.pdf	https://proceedings.mlr.press/v81/buolamwini18a/buolamwini18a.pdf	PROPN
spir-14088	217	2	chowdhery	chowdhery	PROPN
spir-14088	217	3	a	a	PROPN
spir-14088	217	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	217	5	narang	narang	PROPN
spir-14088	217	6	s	s	PROPN
spir-14088	217	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	217	8	devlin	devlin	PROPN
spir-14088	217	9	j	j	PROPN
spir-14088	217	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	217	11	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	217	12	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	217	13	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	218	1	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	218	2	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	218	3	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	218	4	palm	palm	NOUN
spir-14088	218	5	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	218	6	scaling	scale	VERB
spir-14088	218	7	language	language	NOUN
spir-14088	218	8	modeling	modeling	NOUN
spir-14088	218	9	with	with	ADP
spir-14088	218	10	pathways	pathway	NOUN
spir-14088	218	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	219	1	arxiv:2204.02311	arxiv:2204.02311	NOUN
spir-14088	219	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	220	1	arxiv	arxiv	PROPN
spir-14088	220	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	221	1	http://arxiv.org/abs/2204.02311	http://arxiv.org/abs/2204.02311	PROPN
spir-14088	221	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	222	1	gawer	gawer	VERB
spir-14088	222	2	a	a	PRON
spir-14088	222	3	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	222	4	2014	2014	NUM
spir-14088	222	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	222	6	bridging	bridge	VERB
spir-14088	222	7	differing	differ	VERB
spir-14088	222	8	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
spir-14088	222	9	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	222	10	technological	technological	ADJ
spir-14088	222	11	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	222	12	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	222	13	toward	toward	ADP
spir-14088	222	14	an	an	DET
spir-14088	222	15	integrative	integrative	ADJ
spir-14088	222	16	framework	framework	NOUN
spir-14088	222	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	223	1	research	research	NOUN
spir-14088	223	2	policy	policy	NOUN
spir-14088	223	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	223	4	43(7	43(7	NUM
spir-14088	223	5	):	):	PUNCT
spir-14088	223	6	1239–1249	1239–1249	NUM
spir-14088	223	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	224	1	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-14088	224	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	224	3	10.1016	10.1016	NUM
spir-14088	224	4	/	/	SYM
spir-14088	224	5	j.respol.2014.03.006	j.respol.2014.03.006	X
spir-14088	224	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	225	1	gray	gray	ADJ
spir-14088	225	2	widder	widder	PROPN
spir-14088	225	3	d	d	NOUN
spir-14088	225	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	225	5	west	west	PROPN
spir-14088	225	6	s	s	PROPN
spir-14088	225	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	225	8	whittaker	whittaker	PROPN
spir-14088	225	9	m	m	PROPN
spir-14088	225	10	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	225	11	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14088	225	12	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	225	13	open	open	ADJ
spir-14088	225	14	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	225	15	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	225	16	business	business	NOUN
spir-14088	225	17	):	):	PUNCT
spir-14088	225	18	big	big	ADJ
spir-14088	225	19	tech	tech	NOUN
spir-14088	225	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	225	21	concentrated	concentrated	ADJ
spir-14088	225	22	power	power	NOUN
spir-14088	225	23	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	225	24	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	225	25	the	the	DET
spir-14088	225	26	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	225	27	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	225	28	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	225	29	open	open	ADJ
spir-14088	225	30	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	225	31	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	226	1	ssrn	ssrn	PROPN
spir-14088	226	2	electronic	electronic	ADJ
spir-14088	226	3	journal	journal	NOUN
spir-14088	226	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	227	1	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-14088	227	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	227	3	10.2139	10.2139	NUM
spir-14088	227	4	/	/	SYM
spir-14088	227	5	ssrn.4543807	ssrn.4543807	PROPN
spir-14088	227	6	.	.	NOUN
spir-14088	227	7	helmond	helmond	PROPN
spir-14088	227	8	a	a	PRON
spir-14088	227	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	227	10	van	van	PROPN
spir-14088	227	11	der	der	PROPN
spir-14088	227	12	vlist	vlist	VERB
spir-14088	227	13	fn	fn	PROPN
spir-14088	227	14	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	227	15	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	227	16	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	227	17	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	227	18	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	227	19	app	app	NOUN
spir-14088	227	20	histories	history	NOUN
spir-14088	227	21	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	227	22	assessing	assess	VERB
spir-14088	227	23	source	source	NOUN
spir-14088	227	24	availability	availability	NOUN
spir-14088	227	25	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	227	26	web	web	NOUN
spir-14088	227	27	archives	archive	NOUN
spir-14088	227	28	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	227	29	app	app	NOUN
spir-14088	227	30	repositories	repository	NOUN
spir-14088	227	31	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	228	1	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	228	2	d	d	PROPN
spir-14088	228	3	gomez	gomez	PROPN
spir-14088	228	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	228	5	e	e	NOUN
spir-14088	228	6	demidova	demidova	PROPN
spir-14088	228	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	228	8	j	j	PROPN
spir-14088	228	9	winters	winter	NOUN
spir-14088	228	10	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	228	11	t	t	PROPN
spir-14088	228	12	risse	risse	PROPN
spir-14088	228	13	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	228	14	eds	ed	NOUN
spir-14088	228	15	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	228	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	228	17	the	the	DET
spir-14088	228	18	past	past	ADJ
spir-14088	228	19	web	web	NOUN
spir-14088	228	20	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	228	21	exploring	explore	VERB
spir-14088	228	22	web	web	NOUN
spir-14088	228	23	archives	archive	NOUN
spir-14088	228	24	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	229	1	cham	cham	PROPN
spir-14088	229	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	229	3	switzerland	switzerland	PROPN
spir-14088	229	4	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	229	5	springer	springer	NOUN
spir-14088	229	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	229	7	pp	pp	X
spir-14088	229	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	230	1	203–214	203–214	NUM
spir-14088	230	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	231	1	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-14088	231	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	231	3	10.1007/978	10.1007/978	NUM
spir-14088	231	4	-	-	SYM
spir-14088	231	5	3	3	NUM
spir-14088	231	6	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	231	7	030	030	NUM
spir-14088	231	8	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	231	9	63291	63291	NUM
spir-14088	231	10	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	231	11	5_16	5_16	NUM
spir-14088	231	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	232	1	jacobides	jacobide	NOUN
spir-14088	232	2	mg	mg	PROPN
spir-14088	232	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	232	4	brusoni	brusoni	NOUN
spir-14088	232	5	s	s	NOUN
spir-14088	232	6	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	232	7	candelon	candelon	NOUN
spir-14088	232	8	f	f	PROPN
spir-14088	232	9	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	232	10	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	232	11	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	232	12	the	the	DET
spir-14088	232	13	evolutionary	evolutionary	ADJ
spir-14088	232	14	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
spir-14088	232	15	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	232	16	the	the	DET
spir-14088	232	17	artificial	artificial	ADJ
spir-14088	232	18	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
spir-14088	232	19	ecosystem	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-14088	232	20	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	233	1	strategy	strategy	NOUN
spir-14088	233	2	science	science	PROPN
spir-14088	233	3	6(4	6(4	PROPN
spir-14088	233	4	):	):	PUNCT
spir-14088	234	1	412–435	412–435	NUM
spir-14088	234	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	234	3	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-14088	234	4	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	234	5	10.1287	10.1287	NUM
spir-14088	234	6	/	/	SYM
spir-14088	234	7	stsc.2021.0148	stsc.2021.0148	NOUN
spir-14088	234	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	235	1	kak	kak	PROPN
spir-14088	235	2	a	a	PROPN
spir-14088	235	3	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	235	4	myers	myers	PROPN
spir-14088	235	5	west	west	PROPN
spir-14088	235	6	s	s	PROPN
spir-14088	235	7	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	235	8	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14088	235	9	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	235	10	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14088	235	11	landscape	landscape	NOUN
spir-14088	235	12	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	235	13	confronting	confront	VERB
spir-14088	235	14	tech	tech	NOUN
spir-14088	235	15	power	power	NOUN
spir-14088	235	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	236	1	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	236	2	now	now	ADV
spir-14088	236	3	institute	institute	PROPN
spir-14088	236	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	237	1	available	available	ADJ
spir-14088	237	2	at	at	ADP
spir-14088	237	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	237	4	https://ainowinstitute.org/2023-landscape	https://ainowinstitute.org/2023-landscape	NOUN
spir-14088	237	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	238	1	luitse	luitse	PROPN
spir-14088	238	2	d	d	PROPN
spir-14088	238	3	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	238	4	denkena	denkena	PROPN
spir-14088	238	5	w	w	PROPN
spir-14088	238	6	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	238	7	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	238	8	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	238	9	the	the	DET
spir-14088	238	10	great	great	ADJ
spir-14088	238	11	transformer	transformer	NOUN
spir-14088	238	12	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	238	13	examining	examine	VERB
spir-14088	238	14	the	the	DET
spir-14088	238	15	role	role	NOUN
spir-14088	238	16	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	238	17	large	large	ADJ
spir-14088	238	18	language	language	NOUN
spir-14088	238	19	models	model	NOUN
spir-14088	238	20	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	238	21	the	the	DET
spir-14088	238	22	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	238	23	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	238	24	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	238	25	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	238	26	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	239	1	big	big	ADJ
spir-14088	239	2	data	datum	NOUN
spir-14088	239	3	&	&	CCONJ
spir-14088	239	4	society	society	NOUN
spir-14088	239	5	8(2	8(2	NUM
spir-14088	239	6	):	):	PUNCT
spir-14088	239	7	1–14	1–14	PROPN
spir-14088	239	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	239	9	doi	doi	PROPN
spir-14088	239	10	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	240	1	10.1177/20539517211047734	10.1177/20539517211047734	NUM
spir-14088	240	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	240	3	narayan	narayan	PROPN
spir-14088	241	1	d	d	X
spir-14088	241	2	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	241	3	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	241	4	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	241	5	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	241	6	capitalism	capitalism	NOUN
spir-14088	241	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	241	8	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	241	9	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	241	10	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	241	11	theorizing	theorize	VERB
spir-14088	241	12	a	a	DET
spir-14088	241	13	hyperscalable	hyperscalable	ADJ
spir-14088	241	14	computing	computing	NOUN
spir-14088	241	15	regime	regime	NOUN
spir-14088	241	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	242	1	environment	environment	NOUN
spir-14088	242	2	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	242	3	planning	plan	VERB
spir-14088	242	4	a	a	DET
spir-14088	242	5	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	242	6	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	242	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	242	8	space	space	NOUN
spir-14088	242	9	54(5	54(5	NUM
spir-14088	242	10	):	):	PUNCT
spir-14088	242	11	911–929	911–929	NUM
spir-14088	242	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	243	1	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-14088	243	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	243	3	10.1177/0308518x221094028	10.1177/0308518x221094028	NUM
spir-14088	243	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	244	1	pichai	pichai	PROPN
spir-14088	244	2	s	s	PROPN
spir-14088	244	3	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	244	4	2017	2017	NUM
spir-14088	244	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	244	6	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	244	7	i	i	PROPN
spir-14088	244	8	/	/	SYM
spir-14088	244	9	o’17	o’17	PROPN
spir-14088	244	10	keynote	keynote	PROPN
spir-14088	244	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	245	1	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	245	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	246	1	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y2vf8tmlfhw	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y2vf8tmlfhw	PROPN
spir-14088	246	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	247	1	https://openai.com/blog/microsoft-invests-in-and-partners-with-openai	https://openai.com/blog/microsoft-invests-in-and-partners-with-openai	PROPN
spir-14088	247	2	https://openai.com/blog/microsoft-invests-in-and-partners-with-openai	https://openai.com/blog/microsoft-invests-in-and-partners-with-openai	PROPN
spir-14088	247	3	https://openai.com/blog/microsoft-invests-in-and-partners-with-openai	https://openai.com/blog/microsoft-invests-in-and-partners-with-openai	ADJ
spir-14088	247	4	https://proceedings.mlr.press/v81/buolamwini18a/buolamwini18a.pdf	https://proceedings.mlr.press/v81/buolamwini18a/buolamwini18a.pdf	PROPN
spir-14088	247	5	http://arxiv.org/abs/2204.02311	http://arxiv.org/abs/2204.02311	ADJ
spir-14088	247	6	https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/s0048733314000456	https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/s0048733314000456	NOUN
spir-14088	247	7	https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4543807	https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4543807	ADJ
spir-14088	247	8	https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4543807	https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4543807	ADJ
spir-14088	247	9	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63291-5_16	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63291-5_16	PROPN
spir-14088	247	10	https://doi.org/10.1287/stsc.2021.0148	https://doi.org/10.1287/stsc.2021.0148	PROPN
spir-14088	247	11	https://ainowinstitute.org/2023-landscape	https://ainowinstitute.org/2023-landscape	NOUN
spir-14088	247	12	https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517211047734	https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517211047734	NUM
spir-14088	247	13	https://doi.org/10.1177/0308518x221094028	https://doi.org/10.1177/0308518x221094028	PROPN
spir-14088	247	14	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y2vf8tmlfhw	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y2vf8tmlfhw	PROPN
spir-14088	247	15	ramesh	ramesh	PROPN
spir-14088	247	16	a	a	PROPN
spir-14088	247	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	247	18	pavlov	pavlov	PROPN
spir-14088	247	19	m	m	PROPN
spir-14088	247	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	247	21	goh	goh	PROPN
spir-14088	247	22	g	g	PROPN
spir-14088	247	23	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	247	24	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	247	25	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	247	26	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	247	27	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	247	28	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	247	29	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	247	30	zero	zero	NUM
spir-14088	247	31	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	247	32	shot	shot	NOUN
spir-14088	247	33	text	text	NOUN
spir-14088	247	34	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	247	35	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	247	36	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	247	37	image	image	NOUN
spir-14088	247	38	generation	generation	NOUN
spir-14088	247	39	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	248	1	arxiv:2102.12092	arxiv:2102.12092	PROPN
spir-14088	248	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	249	1	arxiv	arxiv	PROPN
spir-14088	249	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	250	1	http://arxiv.org/abs/2102.12092	http://arxiv.org/abs/2102.12092	PROPN
spir-14088	250	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	251	1	rieder	rieder	PROPN
spir-14088	251	2	b	b	PROPN
spir-14088	251	3	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	251	4	2020	2020	NUM
spir-14088	251	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	251	6	engines	engine	NOUN
spir-14088	251	7	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	251	8	order	order	NOUN
spir-14088	251	9	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	251	10	a	a	DET
spir-14088	251	11	mechanology	mechanology	NOUN
spir-14088	251	12	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	251	13	algorithmic	algorithmic	ADJ
spir-14088	251	14	techniques	technique	NOUN
spir-14088	251	15	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	252	1	amsterdam	amsterdam	PROPN
spir-14088	252	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	252	3	amsterdam	amsterdam	PROPN
spir-14088	252	4	university	university	PROPN
spir-14088	252	5	press	press	NOUN
spir-14088	252	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	253	1	rieder	rieder	PROPN
spir-14088	253	2	b	b	PROPN
spir-14088	253	3	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	253	4	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	253	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	253	6	towards	towards	ADP
spir-14088	253	7	a	a	DET
spir-14088	253	8	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	253	9	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	253	10	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	253	11	technical	technical	ADJ
spir-14088	253	12	systems	system	NOUN
spir-14088	253	13	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	253	14	the	the	DET
spir-14088	253	15	case	case	NOUN
spir-14088	253	16	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	253	17	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	253	18	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	254	1	big	big	ADJ
spir-14088	254	2	data	datum	NOUN
spir-14088	254	3	&	&	CCONJ
spir-14088	254	4	society	society	NOUN
spir-14088	254	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	255	1	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-14088	255	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	255	3	10.1177/2053951722113516	10.1177/2053951722113516	NUM
spir-14088	255	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	255	5	selbst	selbst	PROPN
spir-14088	255	6	ad	ad	NOUN
spir-14088	255	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	255	8	boyd	boyd	PROPN
spir-14088	255	9	d	d	PROPN
spir-14088	255	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	255	11	friedler	friedler	PROPN
spir-14088	255	12	sa	sa	PROPN
spir-14088	255	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	255	14	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	255	15	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	255	16	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	256	1	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	256	2	2019	2019	NUM
spir-14088	256	3	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	256	4	fairness	fairness	NOUN
spir-14088	256	5	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	256	6	abstraction	abstraction	NOUN
spir-14088	256	7	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	256	8	sociotechnical	sociotechnical	ADJ
spir-14088	256	9	systems	system	NOUN
spir-14088	256	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	257	1	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	257	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	257	3	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
spir-14088	257	4	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	257	5	the	the	DET
spir-14088	257	6	conference	conference	NOUN
spir-14088	257	7	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	257	8	fairness	fairness	NOUN
spir-14088	257	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	257	10	accountability	accountability	NOUN
spir-14088	257	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	257	12	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	257	13	transparency	transparency	NOUN
spir-14088	257	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	257	15	new	new	PROPN
spir-14088	257	16	york	york	PROPN
spir-14088	257	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	257	18	ny	ny	PROPN
spir-14088	257	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	257	20	usa	usa	PROPN
spir-14088	257	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	257	22	29	29	NUM
spir-14088	257	23	january	january	NOUN
spir-14088	257	24	2019	2019	NUM
spir-14088	257	25	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	257	26	pp	pp	ADJ
spir-14088	257	27	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	258	1	59–68	59–68	X
spir-14088	258	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	259	1	fat	fat	PROPN
spir-14088	259	2	*	*	SYM
spir-14088	259	3	’	’	NUM
spir-14088	259	4	19	19	NUM
spir-14088	259	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	259	6	association	association	NOUN
spir-14088	259	7	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	259	8	computing	compute	VERB
spir-14088	259	9	machinery	machinery	NOUN
spir-14088	259	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	260	1	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-14088	260	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	260	3	10.1145/3287560.3287598	10.1145/3287560.3287598	NUM
spir-14088	260	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	261	1	srnicek	srnicek	PROPN
spir-14088	261	2	n	n	CCONJ
spir-14088	261	3	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	261	4	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	261	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	261	6	data	datum	NOUN
spir-14088	261	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	261	8	compute	compute	NOUN
spir-14088	261	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	261	10	labor	labor	NOUN
spir-14088	261	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	262	1	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	262	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	262	3	graham	graham	PROPN
spir-14088	262	4	m	m	PROPN
spir-14088	262	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	262	6	ferrari	ferrari	PROPN
spir-14088	262	7	f	f	PROPN
spir-14088	262	8	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	262	9	eds	ed	NOUN
spir-14088	262	10	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	262	11	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-14088	262	12	work	work	NOUN
spir-14088	262	13	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	262	14	the	the	DET
spir-14088	262	15	planetary	planetary	ADJ
spir-14088	262	16	market	market	NOUN
spir-14088	262	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	263	1	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
spir-14088	263	2	ma	ma	PROPN
spir-14088	263	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	263	4	mit	mit	PROPN
spir-14088	263	5	press	press	NOUN
spir-14088	263	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	263	7	pp	pp	ADJ
spir-14088	263	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	264	1	241–261	241–261	NUM
spir-14088	264	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	265	1	van	van	PROPN
spir-14088	265	2	der	der	PROPN
spir-14088	265	3	vlist	vlist	VERB
spir-14088	265	4	fn	fn	PROPN
spir-14088	265	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	265	6	helmond	helmond	ADV
spir-14088	265	7	a	a	PRON
spir-14088	265	8	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	265	9	ferrari	ferrari	ADJ
spir-14088	265	10	fl	fl	PROPN
spir-14088	265	11	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	265	12	2024	2024	NUM
spir-14088	265	13	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	265	14	big	big	ADJ
spir-14088	265	15	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	265	16	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	265	17	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	265	18	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	265	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	265	20	the	the	DET
spir-14088	265	21	industrialisation	industrialisation	NOUN
spir-14088	265	22	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	265	23	artificial	artificial	ADJ
spir-14088	265	24	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
spir-14088	265	25	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	266	1	big	big	ADJ
spir-14088	266	2	data	data	PROPN
spir-14088	266	3	&	&	CCONJ
spir-14088	266	4	society	society	NOUN
spir-14088	266	5	11(1	11(1	NUM
spir-14088	266	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	266	7	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	267	1	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-14088	267	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	267	3	10.1177/20539517241232630	10.1177/20539517241232630	NUM
spir-14088	267	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	268	1	van	van	PROPN
spir-14088	268	2	dijck	dijck	PROPN
spir-14088	268	3	j	j	PROPN
spir-14088	268	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	268	5	2020	2020	NUM
spir-14088	268	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	269	1	seeing	see	VERB
spir-14088	269	2	the	the	DET
spir-14088	269	3	forest	forest	NOUN
spir-14088	269	4	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	269	5	the	the	DET
spir-14088	269	6	trees	tree	NOUN
spir-14088	269	7	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	269	8	visualizing	visualize	VERB
spir-14088	269	9	platformization	platformization	NOUN
spir-14088	269	10	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	269	11	its	its	PRON
spir-14088	269	12	governance	governance	NOUN
spir-14088	269	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	270	1	new	new	ADJ
spir-14088	270	2	media	medium	NOUN
spir-14088	270	3	&	&	CCONJ
spir-14088	270	4	society	society	NOUN
spir-14088	270	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	270	6	23(9	23(9	NUM
spir-14088	270	7	):	):	PUNCT
spir-14088	270	8	2801	2801	NUM
spir-14088	270	9	-	-	SYM
spir-14088	270	10	2819	2819	NUM
spir-14088	270	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	271	1	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-14088	271	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	271	3	10.1177/1461444820940293	10.1177/1461444820940293	NUM
spir-14088	271	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	272	1	whittaker	whittaker	PROPN
spir-14088	272	2	m	m	PROPN
spir-14088	272	3	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	272	4	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	272	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	272	6	the	the	DET
spir-14088	272	7	steep	steep	ADJ
spir-14088	272	8	cost	cost	NOUN
spir-14088	272	9	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	272	10	capture	capture	NOUN
spir-14088	272	11	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	273	1	interactions	interaction	NOUN
spir-14088	273	2	28(6	28(6	NOUN
spir-14088	273	3	):	):	PUNCT
spir-14088	273	4	50–55	50–55	NUM
spir-14088	273	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	274	1	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-14088	274	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	274	3	10.1145/3488666	10.1145/3488666	NUM
spir-14088	274	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	274	5	http://arxiv.org/abs/2102.12092	http://arxiv.org/abs/2102.12092	VERB
spir-14088	274	6	https://doi.org/10.1177/2053951722113516	https://doi.org/10.1177/2053951722113516	PROPN
spir-14088	274	7	https://doi.org/10.1145/3287560.3287598	https://doi.org/10.1145/3287560.3287598	ADV
spir-14088	274	8	https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517241232630	https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517241232630	NOUN
spir-14088	274	9	https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444820940293	https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444820940293	PRON
spir-14088	274	10	https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444820940293	https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444820940293	NOUN
spir-14088	274	11	https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444820940293	https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444820940293	PRON
spir-14088	274	12	becoming	become	VERB
spir-14088	274	13	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	274	14	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	274	15	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	274	16	the	the	DET
spir-14088	274	17	heterogeneous	heterogeneous	ADJ
spir-14088	274	18	actualisation	actualisation	NOUN
spir-14088	274	19	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	274	20	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	274	21	’s	’s	ADJ
spir-14088	274	22	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	274	23	general	general	ADJ
spir-14088	274	24	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	274	25	purpose	purpose	NOUN
spir-14088	274	26	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	274	27	potential	potential	ADJ
spir-14088	274	28	bernhard	bernhard	PROPN
spir-14088	274	29	rieder	rieder	PROPN
spir-14088	274	30	university	university	PROPN
spir-14088	274	31	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	274	32	amsterdam	amsterdam	PROPN
spir-14088	274	33	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	274	34	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	274	35	artificial	artificial	ADJ
spir-14088	274	36	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
spir-14088	274	37	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	274	38	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	274	39	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	274	40	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	274	41	has	have	AUX
spir-14088	274	42	moved	move	VERB
spir-14088	274	43	into	into	ADP
spir-14088	274	44	various	various	ADJ
spir-14088	274	45	application	application	NOUN
spir-14088	274	46	spaces	space	NOUN
spir-14088	274	47	over	over	ADP
spir-14088	274	48	the	the	DET
spir-14088	274	49	last	last	ADJ
spir-14088	274	50	two	two	NUM
spir-14088	274	51	decades	decade	NOUN
spir-14088	274	52	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	274	53	investigations	investigation	NOUN
spir-14088	274	54	into	into	ADP
spir-14088	274	55	the	the	DET
spir-14088	274	56	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	274	57	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	274	58	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	274	59	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	274	60	have	have	AUX
spir-14088	274	61	proliferated	proliferate	VERB
spir-14088	274	62	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	274	63	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	274	64	the	the	DET
spir-14088	274	65	recent	recent	ADJ
spir-14088	274	66	emergence	emergence	NOUN
spir-14088	274	67	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	274	68	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	274	69	foundation	foundation	NOUN
spir-14088	274	70	models	model	NOUN
spir-14088	274	71	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	274	72	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	274	73	bommasani	bommasani	NOUN
spir-14088	274	74	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	274	75	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	274	76	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	274	77	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	274	78	2021)—large	2021)—large	NUM
spir-14088	274	79	language	language	NOUN
spir-14088	274	80	models	model	NOUN
spir-14088	274	81	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	274	82	llms	llm	NOUN
spir-14088	274	83	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	274	84	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	274	85	large	large	ADJ
spir-14088	274	86	vision	vision	NOUN
spir-14088	274	87	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	274	88	language	language	NOUN
spir-14088	274	89	models	model	NOUN
spir-14088	274	90	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	274	91	vlms	vlm	NOUN
spir-14088	274	92	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	274	93	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	274	94	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	274	95	other	other	ADJ
spir-14088	274	96	large	large	ADJ
spir-14088	274	97	pre	pre	ADJ
spir-14088	274	98	-	-	ADJ
spir-14088	274	99	trained	train	VERB
spir-14088	274	100	models	model	NOUN
spir-14088	274	101	—	—	PUNCT
spir-14088	274	102	has	have	AUX
spir-14088	274	103	added	add	VERB
spir-14088	274	104	fuel	fuel	NOUN
spir-14088	274	105	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	274	106	the	the	DET
spir-14088	274	107	fire	fire	NOUN
spir-14088	274	108	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	275	1	economists	economist	NOUN
spir-14088	275	2	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	275	3	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
spir-14088	275	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	275	5	trajtenberg	trajtenberg	NOUN
spir-14088	275	6	2018	2018	NUM
spir-14088	275	7	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	275	8	have	have	AUX
spir-14088	275	9	described	describe	VERB
spir-14088	275	10	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	275	11	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	275	12	a	a	DET
spir-14088	275	13	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	275	14	general	general	ADJ
spir-14088	275	15	purpose	purpose	NOUN
spir-14088	275	16	technology	technology	NOUN
spir-14088	275	17	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	275	18	that	that	PRON
spir-14088	275	19	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	275	20	adopted	adopt	VERB
spir-14088	275	21	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	275	22	has	have	VERB
spir-14088	275	23	impacts	impact	NOUN
spir-14088	275	24	across	across	ADP
spir-14088	275	25	a	a	DET
spir-14088	275	26	large	large	ADJ
spir-14088	275	27	number	number	NOUN
spir-14088	275	28	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	275	29	economic	economic	ADJ
spir-14088	275	30	sectors	sector	NOUN
spir-14088	275	31	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	276	1	more	more	ADV
spir-14088	276	2	recently	recently	ADV
spir-14088	276	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	276	4	eloundou	eloundou	NOUN
spir-14088	276	5	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	276	6	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	276	7	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	276	8	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	276	9	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14088	276	10	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	276	11	have	have	AUX
spir-14088	276	12	argued	argue	VERB
spir-14088	276	13	that	that	SCONJ
spir-14088	276	14	even	even	ADV
spir-14088	276	15	single	single	ADJ
spir-14088	276	16	llms	llm	NOUN
spir-14088	276	17	like	like	ADP
spir-14088	276	18	openai	openai	PROPN
spir-14088	276	19	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	276	20	gpt-4	gpt-4	PUNCT
spir-14088	276	21	have	have	VERB
spir-14088	276	22	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	276	23	general	general	ADJ
spir-14088	276	24	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	276	25	purpose	purpose	NOUN
spir-14088	276	26	potential	potential	NOUN
spir-14088	276	27	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	276	28	as	as	SCONJ
spir-14088	276	29	they	they	PRON
spir-14088	276	30	are	be	AUX
spir-14088	276	31	applicable	applicable	ADJ
spir-14088	276	32	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	276	33	many	many	ADJ
spir-14088	276	34	different	different	ADJ
spir-14088	276	35	tasks	task	NOUN
spir-14088	276	36	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	276	37	many	many	ADJ
spir-14088	276	38	different	different	ADJ
spir-14088	276	39	application	application	NOUN
spir-14088	276	40	settings	setting	NOUN
spir-14088	276	41	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	277	1	embedded	embed	VERB
spir-14088	277	2	within	within	ADP
spir-14088	277	3	the	the	DET
spir-14088	277	4	broader	broad	ADJ
spir-14088	277	5	rise	rise	NOUN
spir-14088	277	6	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	277	7	dominance	dominance	NOUN
spir-14088	277	8	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	277	9	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	277	10	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	277	11	based	base	VERB
spir-14088	277	12	provisioning	provisioning	NOUN
spir-14088	277	13	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	277	14	computing	computing	NOUN
spir-14088	277	15	services	service	NOUN
spir-14088	277	16	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	277	17	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
spir-14088	277	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	277	19	narayan	narayan	NOUN
spir-14088	277	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	277	21	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	277	22	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	277	23	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	277	24	the	the	DET
spir-14088	277	25	emergence	emergence	NOUN
spir-14088	277	26	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	277	27	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	277	28	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	277	29	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	277	30	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	277	31	a	a	DET
spir-14088	277	32	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	277	33	service	service	NOUN
spir-14088	277	34	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	277	35	aiaas	aiaas	PROPN
spir-14088	277	36	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	277	37	has	have	AUX
spir-14088	277	38	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
spir-14088	277	39	led	lead	VERB
spir-14088	277	40	commentators	commentator	NOUN
spir-14088	277	41	to	to	PART
spir-14088	277	42	think	think	VERB
spir-14088	277	43	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	277	44	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	277	45	more	more	ADV
spir-14088	277	46	generally	generally	ADV
spir-14088	277	47	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	277	48	foundation	foundation	NOUN
spir-14088	277	49	models	model	NOUN
spir-14088	277	50	more	more	ADV
spir-14088	277	51	specifically	specifically	ADV
spir-14088	277	52	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	277	53	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	277	54	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	277	55	both	both	CCONJ
spir-14088	277	56	the	the	DET
spir-14088	277	57	computational	computational	ADJ
spir-14088	277	58	sense	sense	NOUN
spir-14088	277	59	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	277	60	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	277	61	a	a	DET
spir-14088	277	62	computing	compute	VERB
spir-14088	277	63	system	system	NOUN
spir-14088	277	64	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	277	65	any	any	DET
spir-14088	277	66	sort	sort	NOUN
spir-14088	277	67	upon	upon	SCONJ
spir-14088	277	68	which	which	PRON
spir-14088	277	69	further	far	ADV
spir-14088	277	70	computing	compute	VERB
spir-14088	277	71	development	development	NOUN
spir-14088	277	72	can	can	AUX
spir-14088	277	73	be	be	AUX
spir-14088	277	74	done	do	VERB
spir-14088	277	75	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	277	76	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	277	77	bogost	bogost	NOUN
spir-14088	277	78	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	277	79	montfort	montfort	NOUN
spir-14088	277	80	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	277	81	2009	2009	NUM
spir-14088	277	82	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	277	83	2	2	NUM
spir-14088	277	84	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	277	85	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	277	86	a	a	DET
spir-14088	277	87	broader	broad	ADJ
spir-14088	277	88	commercial	commercial	ADJ
spir-14088	277	89	sense	sense	NOUN
spir-14088	277	90	that	that	PRON
spir-14088	277	91	includes	include	VERB
spir-14088	277	92	—	—	PUNCT
spir-14088	277	93	but	but	CCONJ
spir-14088	277	94	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	277	95	not	not	PART
spir-14088	277	96	limited	limit	VERB
spir-14088	277	97	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	277	98	—	—	PUNCT
spir-14088	277	99	the	the	DET
spir-14088	277	100	common	common	ADJ
spir-14088	277	101	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	277	102	multi	multi	ADJ
spir-14088	277	103	-	-	ADJ
spir-14088	277	104	sided	sided	ADJ
spir-14088	277	105	market	market	NOUN
spir-14088	277	106	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	277	107	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	277	108	rochet	rochet	NOUN
spir-14088	277	109	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	277	110	tirole	tirole	PROPN
spir-14088	277	111	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	277	112	2006	2006	NUM
spir-14088	277	113	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	277	114	setting	setting	NOUN
spir-14088	277	115	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	278	1	here	here	ADV
spir-14088	278	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	278	3	attention	attention	NOUN
spir-14088	278	4	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	278	5	paid	pay	VERB
spir-14088	278	6	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	278	7	the	the	DET
spir-14088	278	8	various	various	ADJ
spir-14088	278	9	ways	way	NOUN
spir-14088	278	10	hardware	hardware	NOUN
spir-14088	278	11	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	278	12	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
spir-14088	278	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	278	14	storage	storage	NOUN
spir-14088	278	15	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	278	16	compute	compute	NOUN
spir-14088	278	17	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	278	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	278	19	software	software	NOUN
spir-14088	278	20	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	278	21	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
spir-14088	278	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	278	23	libraries	library	NOUN
spir-14088	278	24	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	278	25	frameworks	framework	NOUN
spir-14088	278	26	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	278	27	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	278	28	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	278	29	higher	high	ADJ
spir-14088	278	30	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	278	31	level	level	NOUN
spir-14088	278	32	services	service	NOUN
spir-14088	278	33	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	278	34	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
spir-14088	278	35	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	278	36	amazon	amazon	PROPN
spir-14088	278	37	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	278	38	business	business	NOUN
spir-14088	278	39	metrics	metric	NOUN
spir-14088	278	40	analysis	analysis	NOUN
spir-14088	278	41	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	278	42	openai	openai	PROPN
spir-14088	278	43	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	278	44	gpt-4	gpt-4	NOUN
spir-14088	278	45	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	278	46	are	be	AUX
spir-14088	278	47	becoming	become	VERB
spir-14088	278	48	key	key	ADJ
spir-14088	278	49	components	component	NOUN
spir-14088	278	50	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	278	51	the	the	DET
spir-14088	278	52	development	development	NOUN
spir-14088	278	53	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	278	54	virtually	virtually	ADV
spir-14088	278	55	any	any	PRON
spir-14088	278	56	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	278	57	application	application	NOUN
spir-14088	278	58	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	278	59	both	both	PRON
spir-14088	278	60	enabling	enable	VERB
spir-14088	278	61	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	278	62	orienting	orient	VERB
spir-14088	278	63	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	278	64	production	production	NOUN
spir-14088	278	65	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	278	66	deployment	deployment	NOUN
spir-14088	278	67	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	279	1	from	from	ADP
spir-14088	279	2	a	a	DET
spir-14088	279	3	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	279	4	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	279	5	perspective	perspective	NOUN
spir-14088	279	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	279	7	this	this	PRON
spir-14088	279	8	sets	set	VERB
spir-14088	279	9	up	up	ADP
spir-14088	279	10	already	already	ADV
spir-14088	279	11	dominant	dominant	ADJ
spir-14088	279	12	technology	technology	NOUN
spir-14088	279	13	companies	company	NOUN
spir-14088	279	14	like	like	ADP
spir-14088	279	15	amazon	amazon	NOUN
spir-14088	279	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	279	17	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	279	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	279	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	279	20	microsoft	microsoft	PROPN
spir-14088	279	21	to	to	PART
spir-14088	279	22	also	also	ADV
spir-14088	279	23	control	control	VERB
spir-14088	279	24	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	279	25	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	279	26	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
spir-14088	279	27	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	279	28	jacobides	jacobide	NOUN
spir-14088	279	29	et	et	NOUN
spir-14088	279	30	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	279	31	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	279	32	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	279	33	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	279	34	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	279	35	burkhardt	burkhardt	NOUN
spir-14088	279	36	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	279	37	rieder	rieder	NOUN
spir-14088	279	38	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	279	39	2024	2024	NUM
spir-14088	279	40	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	279	41	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	279	42	as	as	SCONJ
spir-14088	279	43	they	they	PRON
spir-14088	279	44	can	can	AUX
spir-14088	279	45	build	build	VERB
spir-14088	279	46	upon	upon	SCONJ
spir-14088	279	47	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	279	48	vast	vast	ADJ
spir-14088	279	49	compute	compute	NOUN
spir-14088	279	50	resources	resource	NOUN
spir-14088	279	51	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	279	52	abundant	abundant	ADJ
spir-14088	279	53	data	datum	NOUN
spir-14088	279	54	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	279	55	access	access	NOUN
spir-14088	279	56	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	279	57	users	user	NOUN
spir-14088	279	58	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	279	59	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	279	60	synergies	synergy	NOUN
spir-14088	279	61	with	with	ADP
spir-14088	279	62	existing	exist	VERB
spir-14088	279	63	products	product	NOUN
spir-14088	279	64	to	to	PART
spir-14088	279	65	develop	develop	VERB
spir-14088	279	66	crucial	crucial	ADJ
spir-14088	279	67	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	279	68	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	279	69	themselves	themselves	PRON
spir-14088	279	70	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	279	71	third	third	ADJ
spir-14088	279	72	parties	party	NOUN
spir-14088	279	73	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	280	1	while	while	SCONJ
spir-14088	280	2	this	this	DET
spir-14088	280	3	overall	overall	ADJ
spir-14088	280	4	narrative	narrative	NOUN
spir-14088	280	5	indeed	indeed	ADV
spir-14088	280	6	covers	cover	VERB
spir-14088	280	7	important	important	ADJ
spir-14088	280	8	parts	part	NOUN
spir-14088	280	9	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	280	10	what	what	PRON
spir-14088	280	11	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	280	12	currently	currently	ADV
spir-14088	280	13	playing	play	VERB
spir-14088	280	14	out	out	ADP
spir-14088	280	15	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	280	16	many	many	ADJ
spir-14088	280	17	conceptual	conceptual	ADJ
spir-14088	280	18	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	280	19	practical	practical	ADJ
spir-14088	280	20	questions	question	NOUN
spir-14088	280	21	remain	remain	VERB
spir-14088	280	22	when	when	SCONJ
spir-14088	280	23	we	we	PRON
spir-14088	280	24	talk	talk	VERB
spir-14088	280	25	about	about	ADP
spir-14088	280	26	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	280	27	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	280	28	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	280	29	a	a	DET
spir-14088	280	30	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	280	31	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	280	32	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	281	1	this	this	DET
spir-14088	281	2	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-14088	281	3	seeks	seek	VERB
spir-14088	281	4	to	to	PART
spir-14088	281	5	provide	provide	VERB
spir-14088	281	6	an	an	DET
spir-14088	281	7	overview	overview	NOUN
spir-14088	281	8	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	281	9	critical	critical	ADJ
spir-14088	281	10	investigation	investigation	NOUN
spir-14088	281	11	into	into	ADP
spir-14088	281	12	the	the	DET
spir-14088	281	13	different	different	ADJ
spir-14088	281	14	ways	way	NOUN
spir-14088	281	15	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	281	16	platformisation	platformisation	NOUN
spir-14088	281	17	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	281	18	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	281	19	helmond	helmond	NOUN
spir-14088	281	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	281	21	2015	2015	NUM
spir-14088	281	22	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	281	23	proceeds	proceed	NOUN
spir-14088	281	24	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	281	25	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	281	26	around	around	ADP
spir-14088	281	27	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	281	28	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	281	29	paying	pay	VERB
spir-14088	281	30	specific	specific	ADJ
spir-14088	281	31	attention	attention	NOUN
spir-14088	281	32	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	281	33	the	the	DET
spir-14088	281	34	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	281	35	general	general	ADJ
spir-14088	281	36	purpose	purpose	NOUN
spir-14088	281	37	potential	potential	NOUN
spir-14088	281	38	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	281	39	that	that	PRON
spir-14088	281	40	undergirds	undergird	VERB
spir-14088	281	41	most	most	ADJ
spir-14088	281	42	claims	claim	NOUN
spir-14088	281	43	about	about	ADP
spir-14088	281	44	economic	economic	ADJ
spir-14088	281	45	—	—	PUNCT
spir-14088	281	46	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	281	47	by	by	ADP
spir-14088	281	48	extension	extension	NOUN
spir-14088	281	49	social	social	ADJ
spir-14088	281	50	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	281	51	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	281	52	—	—	PUNCT
spir-14088	281	53	impact	impact	NOUN
spir-14088	281	54	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	282	1	instead	instead	ADV
spir-14088	282	2	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	282	3	taking	take	VERB
spir-14088	282	4	this	this	DET
spir-14088	282	5	potential	potential	NOUN
spir-14088	282	6	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	282	7	granted	grant	VERB
spir-14088	282	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	282	9	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	282	10	simply	simply	ADV
spir-14088	282	11	inherent	inherent	ADJ
spir-14088	282	12	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	282	13	a	a	DET
spir-14088	282	14	technology	technology	NOUN
spir-14088	282	15	or	or	CCONJ
spir-14088	282	16	set	set	NOUN
spir-14088	282	17	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	282	18	technologies	technology	NOUN
spir-14088	282	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	282	20	i	i	PRON
spir-14088	282	21	approach	approach	VERB
spir-14088	282	22	it	it	PRON
spir-14088	282	23	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	282	24	a	a	DET
spir-14088	282	25	technical	technical	ADJ
spir-14088	282	26	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	282	27	not	not	PART
spir-14088	282	28	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	282	29	just	just	ADV
spir-14088	282	30	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	282	31	technical	technical	ADJ
spir-14088	282	32	construct	construct	NOUN
spir-14088	282	33	or	or	CCONJ
spir-14088	282	34	achievement	achievement	NOUN
spir-14088	282	35	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	282	36	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	282	37	something	something	PRON
spir-14088	282	38	that	that	PRON
spir-14088	282	39	must	must	AUX
spir-14088	282	40	be	be	AUX
spir-14088	282	41	produced	produce	VERB
spir-14088	282	42	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	282	43	requiring	require	VERB
spir-14088	282	44	great	great	ADJ
spir-14088	282	45	effort	effort	NOUN
spir-14088	282	46	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	282	47	investment	investment	NOUN
spir-14088	282	48	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	283	1	paying	pay	VERB
spir-14088	283	2	attention	attention	NOUN
spir-14088	283	3	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	283	4	how	how	SCONJ
spir-14088	283	5	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	283	6	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	283	7	composed	compose	VERB
spir-14088	283	8	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	283	9	orchestrated	orchestrate	VERB
spir-14088	283	10	also	also	ADV
spir-14088	283	11	leads	lead	VERB
spir-14088	283	12	us	we	PRON
spir-14088	283	13	away	away	ADV
spir-14088	283	14	from	from	ADP
spir-14088	283	15	the	the	DET
spir-14088	283	16	idea	idea	NOUN
spir-14088	283	17	that	that	PRON
spir-14088	283	18	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	283	19	a	a	DET
spir-14088	283	20	technology	technology	NOUN
spir-14088	283	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	283	22	a	a	DET
spir-14088	283	23	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	283	24	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	284	1	neither	neither	CCONJ
spir-14088	284	2	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	284	3	nor	nor	CCONJ
spir-14088	284	4	even	even	ADV
spir-14088	284	5	foundation	foundation	NOUN
spir-14088	284	6	models	model	NOUN
spir-14088	284	7	are	be	AUX
spir-14088	284	8	singular	singular	ADJ
spir-14088	284	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	284	10	monolithic	monolithic	ADJ
spir-14088	284	11	things	thing	NOUN
spir-14088	284	12	that	that	PRON
spir-14088	284	13	come	come	VERB
spir-14088	284	14	with	with	ADP
spir-14088	284	15	stable	stable	ADJ
spir-14088	284	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	284	17	clearly	clearly	ADV
spir-14088	284	18	defined	define	VERB
spir-14088	284	19	properties	property	NOUN
spir-14088	284	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	284	21	even	even	ADV
spir-14088	284	22	if	if	SCONJ
spir-14088	284	23	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	284	24	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	284	25	transformer	transformer	ADJ
spir-14088	284	26	architecture	architecture	NOUN
spir-14088	284	27	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	284	28	vaswani	vaswani	X
spir-14088	284	29	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	284	30	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	284	31	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	284	32	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	284	33	2017	2017	NUM
spir-14088	284	34	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	284	35	currently	currently	ADV
spir-14088	284	36	captures	capture	VERB
spir-14088	284	37	attention	attention	NOUN
spir-14088	284	38	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	284	39	investment	investment	NOUN
spir-14088	284	40	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	285	1	although	although	SCONJ
spir-14088	285	2	companies	company	NOUN
spir-14088	285	3	like	like	ADP
spir-14088	285	4	amazon	amazon	NOUN
spir-14088	285	5	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	285	6	meta	meta	PRON
spir-14088	285	7	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
spir-14088	285	8	use	use	VERB
spir-14088	285	9	the	the	DET
spir-14088	285	10	moniker	moniker	NOUN
spir-14088	285	11	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	285	12	artificial	artificial	ADJ
spir-14088	285	13	general	general	ADJ
spir-14088	285	14	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
spir-14088	285	15	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	285	16	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	285	17	agi	agi	NOUN
spir-14088	285	18	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	285	19	to	to	PART
spir-14088	285	20	describe	describe	VERB
spir-14088	285	21	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	285	22	research	research	NOUN
spir-14088	285	23	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	285	24	industrialisation	industrialisation	NOUN
spir-14088	285	25	efforts	effort	NOUN
spir-14088	285	26	around	around	ADP
spir-14088	285	27	foundation	foundation	NOUN
spir-14088	285	28	models	model	NOUN
spir-14088	285	29	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	285	30	the	the	DET
spir-14088	285	31	question	question	NOUN
spir-14088	285	32	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	285	33	whether	whether	SCONJ
spir-14088	285	34	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	285	35	systems	system	NOUN
spir-14088	285	36	can	can	AUX
spir-14088	285	37	imitate	imitate	VERB
spir-14088	285	38	human	human	ADJ
spir-14088	285	39	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
spir-14088	285	40	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	285	41	less	less	ADV
spir-14088	285	42	relevant	relevant	ADJ
spir-14088	285	43	from	from	ADP
spir-14088	285	44	a	a	DET
spir-14088	285	45	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	285	46	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	285	47	perspective	perspective	NOUN
spir-14088	285	48	than	than	ADP
spir-14088	285	49	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	285	50	clear	clear	ADJ
spir-14088	285	51	ambition	ambition	NOUN
spir-14088	285	52	to	to	PART
spir-14088	285	53	create	create	VERB
spir-14088	285	54	widely	widely	ADV
spir-14088	285	55	deployable	deployable	ADJ
spir-14088	285	56	means	mean	NOUN
spir-14088	285	57	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	285	58	production	production	NOUN
spir-14088	285	59	that	that	PRON
spir-14088	285	60	justify	justify	VERB
spir-14088	285	61	the	the	DET
spir-14088	285	62	truly	truly	ADV
spir-14088	285	63	colossal	colossal	ADJ
spir-14088	285	64	investments	investment	NOUN
spir-14088	285	65	being	be	AUX
spir-14088	285	66	made	make	VERB
spir-14088	285	67	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	286	1	to	to	PART
spir-14088	286	2	achieve	achieve	VERB
spir-14088	286	3	this	this	PRON
spir-14088	286	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	286	5	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	286	6	providers	provider	NOUN
spir-14088	286	7	—	—	PUNCT
spir-14088	286	8	the	the	DET
spir-14088	286	9	companies	company	NOUN
spir-14088	286	10	that	that	PRON
spir-14088	286	11	build	build	VERB
spir-14088	286	12	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	286	13	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	286	14	for	for	SCONJ
spir-14088	286	15	others	other	NOUN
spir-14088	286	16	to	to	PART
spir-14088	286	17	use	use	VERB
spir-14088	286	18	—	—	PUNCT
spir-14088	286	19	seek	seek	VERB
spir-14088	286	20	not	not	PART
spir-14088	286	21	only	only	ADV
spir-14088	286	22	to	to	PART
spir-14088	286	23	boost	boost	VERB
spir-14088	286	24	the	the	DET
spir-14088	286	25	performance	performance	NOUN
spir-14088	286	26	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	286	27	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	286	28	systems	system	NOUN
spir-14088	286	29	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	286	30	specific	specific	ADJ
spir-14088	286	31	benchmarks	benchmark	NOUN
spir-14088	286	32	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	286	33	to	to	PART
spir-14088	286	34	improve	improve	VERB
spir-14088	286	35	resource	resource	NOUN
spir-14088	286	36	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
spir-14088	286	37	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	286	38	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	286	39	so	so	ADV
spir-14088	286	40	forth	forth	ADV
spir-14088	286	41	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	286	42	but	but	CCONJ
spir-14088	286	43	they	they	PRON
spir-14088	286	44	also	also	ADV
spir-14088	286	45	pursue	pursue	VERB
spir-14088	286	46	breadth	breadth	NOUN
spir-14088	286	47	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	286	48	terms	term	NOUN
spir-14088	286	49	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	286	50	application	application	NOUN
spir-14088	286	51	potential	potential	NOUN
spir-14088	286	52	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	286	53	ease	ease	NOUN
spir-14088	286	54	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	286	55	specification	specification	NOUN
spir-14088	286	56	when	when	SCONJ
spir-14088	286	57	it	it	PRON
spir-14088	286	58	comes	come	VERB
spir-14088	286	59	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	286	60	adapting	adapt	VERB
spir-14088	286	61	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	286	62	actual	actual	ADJ
spir-14088	286	63	production	production	NOUN
spir-14088	286	64	tasks	task	NOUN
spir-14088	286	65	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	287	1	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	287	2	traditional	traditional	ADJ
spir-14088	287	3	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	287	4	machine	machine	NOUN
spir-14088	287	5	learning	learning	NOUN
spir-14088	287	6	has	have	AUX
spir-14088	287	7	already	already	ADV
spir-14088	287	8	allowed	allow	VERB
spir-14088	287	9	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	287	10	the	the	DET
spir-14088	287	11	use	use	NOUN
spir-14088	287	12	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	287	13	the	the	DET
spir-14088	287	14	same	same	ADJ
spir-14088	287	15	hardware	hardware	NOUN
spir-14088	287	16	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	287	17	software	software	NOUN
spir-14088	287	18	across	across	ADP
spir-14088	287	19	many	many	ADJ
spir-14088	287	20	different	different	ADJ
spir-14088	287	21	types	type	NOUN
spir-14088	287	22	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	287	23	domains	domain	NOUN
spir-14088	287	24	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	287	25	chips	chip	NOUN
spir-14088	287	26	suited	suit	VERB
spir-14088	287	27	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	287	28	the	the	DET
spir-14088	287	29	computational	computational	ADJ
spir-14088	287	30	requirements	requirement	NOUN
spir-14088	287	31	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	287	32	ml	ml	ADP
spir-14088	287	33	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	287	34	whether	whether	SCONJ
spir-14088	287	35	they	they	PRON
spir-14088	287	36	are	be	AUX
spir-14088	287	37	produced	produce	VERB
spir-14088	287	38	by	by	ADP
spir-14088	287	39	equipment	equipment	NOUN
spir-14088	287	40	manufacturers	manufacturer	NOUN
spir-14088	287	41	such	such	ADJ
spir-14088	287	42	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	287	43	nvidia	nvidia	PROPN
spir-14088	287	44	or	or	CCONJ
spir-14088	287	45	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	287	46	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	287	47	house	house	NOUN
spir-14088	287	48	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	287	49	are	be	AUX
spir-14088	287	50	largely	largely	ADV
spir-14088	287	51	task	task	NOUN
spir-14088	287	52	-	-	ADJ
spir-14088	287	53	agnostic	agnostic	ADJ
spir-14088	287	54	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	287	55	the	the	DET
spir-14088	287	56	same	same	ADJ
spir-14088	287	57	goes	go	VERB
spir-14088	287	58	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	287	59	software	software	NOUN
spir-14088	287	60	frameworks	framework	NOUN
spir-14088	287	61	such	such	ADJ
spir-14088	287	62	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	287	63	pytorch	pytorch	NOUN
spir-14088	287	64	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	287	65	tensorflow	tensorflow	NOUN
spir-14088	287	66	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	288	1	the	the	DET
spir-14088	288	2	considerable	considerable	ADJ
spir-14088	288	3	breadth	breadth	NOUN
spir-14088	288	4	achievable	achievable	ADJ
spir-14088	288	5	based	base	VERB
spir-14088	288	6	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	288	7	these	these	DET
spir-14088	288	8	two	two	NUM
spir-14088	288	9	layers	layer	NOUN
spir-14088	288	10	explains	explain	VERB
spir-14088	288	11	why	why	SCONJ
spir-14088	288	12	investments	investment	NOUN
spir-14088	288	13	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	288	14	the	the	DET
spir-14088	288	15	pursuit	pursuit	NOUN
spir-14088	288	16	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	288	17	economies	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	288	18	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	288	19	scale	scale	NOUN
spir-14088	288	20	were	be	AUX
spir-14088	288	21	already	already	ADV
spir-14088	288	22	significant	significant	ADJ
spir-14088	288	23	before	before	ADP
spir-14088	288	24	the	the	DET
spir-14088	288	25	latest	late	ADJ
spir-14088	288	26	peak	peak	NOUN
spir-14088	288	27	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	288	28	ai	ai	ADJ
spir-14088	288	29	hype	hype	NOUN
spir-14088	288	30	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	289	1	here	here	ADV
spir-14088	289	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	289	3	platformisation	platformisation	NOUN
spir-14088	289	4	manifests	manifest	VERB
spir-14088	289	5	primarily	primarily	ADV
spir-14088	289	6	as	as	SCONJ
spir-14088	289	7	the	the	DET
spir-14088	289	8	emergence	emergence	NOUN
spir-14088	289	9	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	289	10	compute	compute	NOUN
spir-14088	289	11	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	289	12	that	that	PRON
spir-14088	289	13	hide	hide	VERB
spir-14088	289	14	technical	technical	ADJ
spir-14088	289	15	complexities	complexity	NOUN
spir-14088	289	16	behind	behind	ADP
spir-14088	289	17	easy	easy	ADJ
spir-14088	289	18	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	289	19	to	to	PART
spir-14088	289	20	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	289	21	use	use	VERB
spir-14088	289	22	abstraction	abstraction	NOUN
spir-14088	289	23	layers	layer	NOUN
spir-14088	289	24	but	but	CCONJ
spir-14088	289	25	still	still	ADV
spir-14088	289	26	require	require	VERB
spir-14088	289	27	much	much	ADJ
spir-14088	289	28	work	work	NOUN
spir-14088	289	29	when	when	SCONJ
spir-14088	289	30	it	it	PRON
spir-14088	289	31	comes	come	VERB
spir-14088	289	32	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	289	33	specification	specification	NOUN
spir-14088	289	34	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	289	35	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	289	36	producing	produce	VERB
spir-14088	289	37	task	task	NOUN
spir-14088	289	38	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	289	39	specific	specific	ADJ
spir-14088	289	40	capabilities	capability	NOUN
spir-14088	289	41	involves	involve	VERB
spir-14088	289	42	training	training	NOUN
spir-14088	289	43	models	model	NOUN
spir-14088	289	44	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	289	45	often	often	ADV
spir-14088	289	46	copious	copious	ADJ
spir-14088	289	47	amounts	amount	NOUN
spir-14088	289	48	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	289	49	relevant	relevant	ADJ
spir-14088	289	50	examples	example	NOUN
spir-14088	289	51	that	that	PRON
spir-14088	289	52	may	may	AUX
spir-14088	289	53	be	be	AUX
spir-14088	289	54	very	very	ADV
spir-14088	289	55	costly	costly	ADJ
spir-14088	289	56	to	to	PART
spir-14088	289	57	acquire	acquire	VERB
spir-14088	289	58	or	or	CCONJ
spir-14088	289	59	create	create	VERB
spir-14088	289	60	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	290	1	to	to	PART
spir-14088	290	2	address	address	VERB
spir-14088	290	3	customers	customer	NOUN
spir-14088	290	4	who	who	PRON
spir-14088	290	5	can	can	AUX
spir-14088	290	6	not	not	PART
spir-14088	290	7	afford	afford	VERB
spir-14088	290	8	or	or	CCONJ
spir-14088	290	9	prefer	prefer	VERB
spir-14088	290	10	not	not	PART
spir-14088	290	11	to	to	PART
spir-14088	290	12	pursue	pursue	VERB
spir-14088	290	13	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	290	14	own	own	ADJ
spir-14088	290	15	model	model	NOUN
spir-14088	290	16	training	training	NOUN
spir-14088	290	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	290	18	the	the	DET
spir-14088	290	19	big	big	ADJ
spir-14088	290	20	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	290	21	providers	provider	NOUN
spir-14088	290	22	have	have	AUX
spir-14088	290	23	progressively	progressively	ADV
spir-14088	290	24	added	add	VERB
spir-14088	290	25	service	service	NOUN
spir-14088	290	26	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	290	27	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	290	28	top	top	NOUN
spir-14088	290	29	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	290	30	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	290	31	compute	compute	NOUN
spir-14088	290	32	stacks	stack	NOUN
spir-14088	290	33	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	291	1	these	these	DET
spir-14088	291	2	services	service	NOUN
spir-14088	291	3	provide	provide	VERB
spir-14088	291	4	models	model	NOUN
spir-14088	291	5	trained	train	VERB
spir-14088	291	6	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	291	7	tasks	task	NOUN
spir-14088	291	8	deemed	deem	VERB
spir-14088	291	9	sufficiently	sufficiently	ADV
spir-14088	291	10	common	common	ADJ
spir-14088	291	11	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	291	12	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
spir-14088	291	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	291	14	document	document	NOUN
spir-14088	291	15	classification	classification	NOUN
spir-14088	291	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	291	17	content	content	NOUN
spir-14088	291	18	moderation	moderation	NOUN
spir-14088	291	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	291	20	machine	machine	NOUN
spir-14088	291	21	vision	vision	NOUN
spir-14088	291	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	291	23	etc	etc	X
spir-14088	291	24	.	.	X
spir-14088	291	25	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	291	26	and/or	and/or	CCONJ
spir-14088	291	27	sufficiently	sufficiently	ADV
spir-14088	291	28	valuable	valuable	ADJ
spir-14088	291	29	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	291	30	e.g.	e.g.	ADJ
spir-14088	291	31	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	291	32	medical	medical	ADJ
spir-14088	291	33	diagnosis	diagnosis	NOUN
spir-14088	291	34	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	291	35	fraud	fraud	NOUN
spir-14088	291	36	detection	detection	NOUN
spir-14088	291	37	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	291	38	etc	etc	X
spir-14088	291	39	.	.	X
spir-14088	291	40	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	291	41	to	to	PART
spir-14088	291	42	justify	justify	VERB
spir-14088	291	43	the	the	DET
spir-14088	291	44	investment	investment	NOUN
spir-14088	291	45	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	291	46	domain	domain	NOUN
spir-14088	291	47	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	291	48	specific	specific	ADJ
spir-14088	291	49	data	datum	NOUN
spir-14088	291	50	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	291	51	expertise	expertise	NOUN
spir-14088	291	52	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	292	1	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	292	2	luitse	luitse	ADJ
spir-14088	292	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	292	4	forthcoming	forthcoming	ADJ
spir-14088	292	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	292	6	compute	compute	NOUN
spir-14088	292	7	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	292	8	come	come	VERB
spir-14088	292	9	with	with	ADP
spir-14088	292	10	a	a	DET
spir-14088	292	11	high	high	ADJ
spir-14088	292	12	level	level	NOUN
spir-14088	292	13	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	292	14	general	general	ADJ
spir-14088	292	15	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	292	16	purpose	purpose	NOUN
spir-14088	292	17	potential	potential	NOUN
spir-14088	292	18	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	292	19	thus	thus	ADV
spir-14088	292	20	built	build	VERB
spir-14088	292	21	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	292	22	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	292	23	economies	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	292	24	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	292	25	scale	scale	NOUN
spir-14088	292	26	but	but	CCONJ
spir-14088	292	27	remain	remain	VERB
spir-14088	292	28	at	at	ADP
spir-14088	292	29	the	the	DET
spir-14088	292	30	lower	low	ADJ
spir-14088	292	31	end	end	NOUN
spir-14088	292	32	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	292	33	ai	ai	ADJ
spir-14088	292	34	value	value	NOUN
spir-14088	292	35	chains	chain	NOUN
spir-14088	292	36	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	293	1	service	service	NOUN
spir-14088	293	2	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	293	3	along	along	ADP
spir-14088	293	4	the	the	DET
spir-14088	293	5	lines	line	NOUN
spir-14088	293	6	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	293	7	what	what	PRON
spir-14088	293	8	amazon	amazon	NOUN
spir-14088	293	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	293	10	microsoft	microsoft	PROPN
spir-14088	293	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	293	12	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	293	13	particular	particular	ADJ
spir-14088	293	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	293	15	are	be	AUX
spir-14088	293	16	offering	offer	VERB
spir-14088	293	17	are	be	AUX
spir-14088	293	18	much	much	ADV
spir-14088	293	19	more	more	ADV
spir-14088	293	20	complicated	complicated	ADJ
spir-14088	293	21	to	to	PART
spir-14088	293	22	construct	construct	VERB
spir-14088	293	23	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	293	24	as	as	SCONJ
spir-14088	293	25	each	each	DET
spir-14088	293	26	domain	domain	NOUN
spir-14088	293	27	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	293	28	specific	specific	ADJ
spir-14088	293	29	system	system	NOUN
spir-14088	293	30	comes	come	VERB
spir-14088	293	31	with	with	ADP
spir-14088	293	32	its	its	PRON
spir-14088	293	33	specific	specific	ADJ
spir-14088	293	34	requirements	requirement	NOUN
spir-14088	293	35	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	293	36	caveats	caveat	NOUN
spir-14088	293	37	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	293	38	problems	problem	NOUN
spir-14088	293	39	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	293	40	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	293	41	so	so	ADV
spir-14088	293	42	forth	forth	ADV
spir-14088	293	43	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	293	44	but	but	CCONJ
spir-14088	293	45	reach	reach	VERB
spir-14088	293	46	up	up	ADP
spir-14088	293	47	further	far	ADV
spir-14088	293	48	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	293	49	terms	term	NOUN
spir-14088	293	50	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	293	51	value	value	NOUN
spir-14088	293	52	creation	creation	NOUN
spir-14088	293	53	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	294	1	the	the	DET
spir-14088	294	2	promise	promise	NOUN
spir-14088	294	3	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	294	4	foundation	foundation	NOUN
spir-14088	294	5	models	model	NOUN
spir-14088	294	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	294	7	at	at	ADP
spir-14088	294	8	least	least	ADJ
spir-14088	294	9	to	to	PART
spir-14088	294	10	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	294	11	providers	provider	NOUN
spir-14088	294	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	294	13	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	294	14	the	the	DET
spir-14088	294	15	ability	ability	NOUN
spir-14088	294	16	to	to	PART
spir-14088	294	17	create	create	VERB
spir-14088	294	18	what	what	PRON
spir-14088	294	19	could	could	AUX
spir-14088	294	20	be	be	AUX
spir-14088	294	21	called	call	VERB
spir-14088	294	22	universal	universal	ADJ
spir-14088	294	23	service	service	NOUN
spir-14088	294	24	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	294	25	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	295	1	if	if	SCONJ
spir-14088	295	2	turing	ture	VERB
spir-14088	295	3	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	295	4	universal	universal	ADJ
spir-14088	295	5	machine	machine	NOUN
spir-14088	295	6	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	295	7	capable	capable	ADJ
spir-14088	295	8	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	295	9	simulating	simulate	VERB
spir-14088	295	10	any	any	DET
spir-14088	295	11	other	other	ADJ
spir-14088	295	12	symbol	symbol	NOUN
spir-14088	295	13	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	295	14	manipulating	manipulate	VERB
spir-14088	295	15	device	device	NOUN
spir-14088	295	16	by	by	ADP
spir-14088	295	17	virtue	virtue	NOUN
spir-14088	295	18	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	295	19	being	be	AUX
spir-14088	295	20	programmable	programmable	ADJ
spir-14088	295	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	295	22	foundation	foundation	NOUN
spir-14088	295	23	models	model	NOUN
spir-14088	295	24	show	show	VERB
spir-14088	295	25	the	the	DET
spir-14088	295	26	potential	potential	NOUN
spir-14088	295	27	to	to	PART
spir-14088	295	28	be	be	AUX
spir-14088	295	29	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	295	30	adaptable	adaptable	ADJ
spir-14088	295	31	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	295	32	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	295	33	many	many	ADJ
spir-14088	295	34	downstream	downstream	ADJ
spir-14088	295	35	tasks	task	NOUN
spir-14088	295	36	through	through	ADP
spir-14088	295	37	techniques	technique	NOUN
spir-14088	295	38	like	like	ADP
spir-14088	295	39	fine	fine	ADV
spir-14088	295	40	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	295	41	tuning	tune	VERB
spir-14088	295	42	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	295	43	prompting	prompt	VERB
spir-14088	295	44	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	296	1	while	while	SCONJ
spir-14088	296	2	this	this	DET
spir-14088	296	3	metaphorical	metaphorical	ADJ
spir-14088	296	4	comparison	comparison	NOUN
spir-14088	296	5	only	only	ADV
spir-14088	296	6	goes	go	VERB
spir-14088	296	7	so	so	ADV
spir-14088	296	8	far	far	ADV
spir-14088	296	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	296	10	it	it	PRON
spir-14088	296	11	sheds	shed	VERB
spir-14088	296	12	light	light	NOUN
spir-14088	296	13	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	296	14	why	why	SCONJ
spir-14088	296	15	meta	meta	PROPN
spir-14088	296	16	ordered	order	VERB
spir-14088	296	17	350k	350k	PROPN
spir-14088	296	18	nvidia	nvidia	PROPN
spir-14088	296	19	h100	h100	PROPN
spir-14088	296	20	gpus	gpu	NOUN
spir-14088	296	21	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	296	22	early	early	ADJ
spir-14088	296	23	2024	2024	NUM
spir-14088	296	24	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	296	25	foundation	foundation	NOUN
spir-14088	296	26	models	model	NOUN
spir-14088	296	27	promise	promise	VERB
spir-14088	296	28	both	both	DET
spir-14088	296	29	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	296	30	universal	universal	ADJ
spir-14088	296	31	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	296	32	breadth	breadth	NOUN
spir-14088	296	33	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	296	34	forms	form	NOUN
spir-14088	296	35	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	296	36	specification	specification	NOUN
spir-14088	296	37	that	that	PRON
spir-14088	296	38	are	be	AUX
spir-14088	296	39	more	more	ADV
spir-14088	296	40	lightweight	lightweight	ADJ
spir-14088	296	41	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	296	42	accessible	accessible	ADJ
spir-14088	296	43	than	than	ADP
spir-14088	296	44	traditional	traditional	ADJ
spir-14088	296	45	data	data	NOUN
spir-14088	296	46	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	296	47	heavy	heavy	ADJ
spir-14088	296	48	training	training	NOUN
spir-14088	296	49	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	297	1	while	while	SCONJ
spir-14088	297	2	the	the	DET
spir-14088	297	3	initial	initial	ADJ
spir-14088	297	4	investments	investment	NOUN
spir-14088	297	5	are	be	AUX
spir-14088	297	6	colossal	colossal	ADJ
spir-14088	297	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	297	8	a	a	DET
spir-14088	297	9	single	single	ADJ
spir-14088	297	10	model	model	NOUN
spir-14088	297	11	could	could	AUX
spir-14088	297	12	be	be	AUX
spir-14088	297	13	used	use	VERB
spir-14088	297	14	to	to	PART
spir-14088	297	15	create	create	VERB
spir-14088	297	16	a	a	DET
spir-14088	297	17	very	very	ADV
spir-14088	297	18	large	large	ADJ
spir-14088	297	19	number	number	NOUN
spir-14088	297	20	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	297	21	higher	high	ADJ
spir-14088	297	22	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	297	23	level	level	NOUN
spir-14088	297	24	services	service	NOUN
spir-14088	297	25	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	297	26	allowing	allow	VERB
spir-14088	297	27	providers	provider	NOUN
spir-14088	297	28	to	to	PART
spir-14088	297	29	move	move	VERB
spir-14088	297	30	up	up	ADP
spir-14088	297	31	the	the	DET
spir-14088	297	32	value	value	NOUN
spir-14088	297	33	chain	chain	NOUN
spir-14088	297	34	without	without	ADP
spir-14088	297	35	having	have	VERB
spir-14088	297	36	to	to	PART
spir-14088	297	37	train	train	VERB
spir-14088	297	38	a	a	DET
spir-14088	297	39	separate	separate	ADJ
spir-14088	297	40	model	model	NOUN
spir-14088	297	41	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	297	42	every	every	DET
spir-14088	297	43	task	task	NOUN
spir-14088	297	44	domain	domain	NOUN
spir-14088	297	45	they	they	PRON
spir-14088	297	46	want	want	VERB
spir-14088	297	47	to	to	PART
spir-14088	297	48	tackle	tackle	VERB
spir-14088	297	49	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	298	1	openai	openai	PROPN
spir-14088	298	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	298	3	with	with	ADP
spir-14088	298	4	the	the	DET
spir-14088	298	5	help	help	NOUN
spir-14088	298	6	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	298	7	microsoft	microsoft	PROPN
spir-14088	298	8	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	298	9	money	money	NOUN
spir-14088	298	10	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	298	11	compute	compute	PROPN
spir-14088	298	12	park	park	NOUN
spir-14088	298	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	298	14	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	298	15	currently	currently	ADV
spir-14088	298	16	furthest	furth	ADJ
spir-14088	298	17	along	along	ADP
spir-14088	298	18	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	298	19	this	this	DET
spir-14088	298	20	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	298	21	third	third	ADJ
spir-14088	298	22	wave	wave	NOUN
spir-14088	298	23	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	298	24	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	298	25	platformisation	platformisation	NOUN
spir-14088	298	26	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	298	27	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	298	28	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	298	29	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	298	30	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	298	31	providing	provide	VERB
spir-14088	298	32	several	several	ADJ
spir-14088	298	33	third	third	ADJ
spir-14088	298	34	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	298	35	party	party	NOUN
spir-14088	298	36	interfaces	interface	NOUN
spir-14088	298	37	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	298	38	chatbot	chatbot	NOUN
spir-14088	298	39	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	298	40	apis	apis	ADJ
spir-14088	298	41	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	298	42	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	298	43	custom	custom	ADJ
spir-14088	298	44	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	298	45	gpts	gpt	NOUN
spir-14088	298	46	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	298	47	etc	etc	X
spir-14088	298	48	.	.	X
spir-14088	298	49	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	298	50	to	to	PART
spir-14088	298	51	access	access	VERB
spir-14088	298	52	its	its	PRON
spir-14088	298	53	underlying	underlie	VERB
spir-14088	298	54	models	model	NOUN
spir-14088	298	55	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	299	1	at	at	ADP
spir-14088	299	2	the	the	DET
spir-14088	299	3	same	same	ADJ
spir-14088	299	4	time	time	NOUN
spir-14088	299	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	299	6	success	success	NOUN
spir-14088	299	7	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	299	8	not	not	PART
spir-14088	299	9	guaranteed	guarantee	VERB
spir-14088	299	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	300	1	the	the	DET
spir-14088	300	2	transformer	transformer	NOUN
spir-14088	300	3	architecture	architecture	NOUN
spir-14088	300	4	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	300	5	the	the	DET
spir-14088	300	6	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	300	7	train	train	NOUN
spir-14088	300	8	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	300	9	all	all	DET
spir-14088	300	10	the	the	DET
spir-14088	300	11	data	datum	NOUN
spir-14088	300	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	300	13	then	then	ADV
spir-14088	300	14	adapt	adapt	VERB
spir-14088	300	15	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	300	16	logic	logic	NOUN
spir-14088	300	17	driving	drive	VERB
spir-14088	300	18	foundation	foundation	NOUN
spir-14088	300	19	models	model	NOUN
spir-14088	300	20	are	be	AUX
spir-14088	300	21	giving	give	VERB
spir-14088	300	22	rise	rise	NOUN
spir-14088	300	23	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	300	24	impressive	impressive	ADJ
spir-14088	300	25	technical	technical	ADJ
spir-14088	300	26	objects	object	NOUN
spir-14088	300	27	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	300	28	but	but	CCONJ
spir-14088	300	29	we	we	PRON
spir-14088	300	30	can	can	AUX
spir-14088	300	31	already	already	ADV
spir-14088	300	32	see	see	VERB
spir-14088	300	33	that	that	SCONJ
spir-14088	300	34	the	the	DET
spir-14088	300	35	road	road	NOUN
spir-14088	300	36	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	300	37	becoming	become	VERB
spir-14088	300	38	a	a	DET
spir-14088	300	39	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	300	40	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	300	41	a	a	DET
spir-14088	300	42	more	more	ADV
spir-14088	300	43	commercial	commercial	ADJ
spir-14088	300	44	sense	sense	NOUN
spir-14088	300	45	may	may	AUX
spir-14088	300	46	well	well	ADV
spir-14088	300	47	be	be	AUX
spir-14088	300	48	more	more	ADV
spir-14088	300	49	complicated	complicated	ADJ
spir-14088	300	50	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	300	51	requiring	require	VERB
spir-14088	300	52	—	—	PUNCT
spir-14088	300	53	at	at	ADP
spir-14088	300	54	least	least	ADJ
spir-14088	300	55	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	300	56	part	part	NOUN
spir-14088	300	57	—	—	PUNCT
spir-14088	300	58	the	the	DET
spir-14088	300	59	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	300	60	domain	domain	NOUN
spir-14088	300	61	work	work	NOUN
spir-14088	300	62	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	300	63	we	we	PRON
spir-14088	300	64	know	know	VERB
spir-14088	300	65	from	from	ADP
spir-14088	300	66	more	more	ADV
spir-14088	300	67	traditional	traditional	ADJ
spir-14088	300	68	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	300	69	service	service	NOUN
spir-14088	300	70	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	300	71	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	301	1	this	this	PRON
spir-14088	301	2	includes	include	VERB
spir-14088	301	3	collecting	collecting	NOUN
spir-14088	301	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	301	5	cleaning	cleaning	NOUN
spir-14088	301	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	301	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	301	8	licensing	licensing	NOUN
spir-14088	301	9	data	datum	NOUN
spir-14088	301	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	301	11	various	various	ADJ
spir-14088	301	12	interventions	intervention	NOUN
spir-14088	301	13	to	to	PART
spir-14088	301	14	ensure	ensure	VERB
spir-14088	301	15	security	security	NOUN
spir-14088	301	16	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	301	17	factuality	factuality	NOUN
spir-14088	301	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	301	19	optimising	optimise	VERB
spir-14088	301	20	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	301	21	specific	specific	ADJ
spir-14088	301	22	interaction	interaction	NOUN
spir-14088	301	23	patterns	pattern	NOUN
spir-14088	301	24	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	301	25	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	301	26	other	other	ADJ
spir-14088	301	27	things	thing	NOUN
spir-14088	301	28	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	301	29	but	but	CCONJ
spir-14088	301	30	also	also	ADV
spir-14088	301	31	forms	form	NOUN
spir-14088	301	32	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	301	33	semantic	semantic	ADJ
spir-14088	301	34	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	301	35	cultural	cultural	ADJ
spir-14088	301	36	engineering	engineering	NOUN
spir-14088	301	37	that	that	PRON
spir-14088	301	38	are	be	AUX
spir-14088	301	39	only	only	ADV
spir-14088	301	40	partially	partially	ADV
spir-14088	301	41	captured	capture	VERB
spir-14088	301	42	with	with	ADP
spir-14088	301	43	the	the	DET
spir-14088	301	44	term	term	NOUN
spir-14088	301	45	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	301	46	alignment	alignment	NOUN
spir-14088	301	47	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	301	48	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	301	49	as	as	SCONJ
spir-14088	301	50	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	301	51	recently	recently	ADV
spir-14088	301	52	had	have	VERB
spir-14088	301	53	to	to	PART
spir-14088	301	54	learn	learn	VERB
spir-14088	301	55	when	when	SCONJ
spir-14088	301	56	users	user	NOUN
spir-14088	301	57	asked	ask	VERB
spir-14088	301	58	its	its	PRON
spir-14088	301	59	gemini	gemini	NOUN
spir-14088	301	60	model	model	NOUN
spir-14088	301	61	to	to	PART
spir-14088	301	62	create	create	VERB
spir-14088	301	63	images	image	NOUN
spir-14088	301	64	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	301	65	german	german	ADJ
spir-14088	301	66	soldiers	soldier	NOUN
spir-14088	301	67	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	301	68	1943	1943	NUM
spir-14088	301	69	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	302	1	within	within	ADP
spir-14088	302	2	these	these	DET
spir-14088	302	3	three	three	NUM
spir-14088	302	4	layers	layer	NOUN
spir-14088	302	5	or	or	CCONJ
spir-14088	302	6	vectors	vector	NOUN
spir-14088	302	7	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	302	8	platformisation	platformisation	NOUN
spir-14088	302	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	302	10	there	there	PRON
spir-14088	302	11	is	be	VERB
spir-14088	302	12	considerable	considerable	ADJ
spir-14088	302	13	variation	variation	NOUN
spir-14088	302	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	302	15	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	302	16	there	there	PRON
spir-14088	302	17	are	be	VERB
spir-14088	302	18	many	many	ADJ
spir-14088	302	19	synergies	synergy	NOUN
spir-14088	302	20	between	between	ADP
spir-14088	302	21	them	they	PRON
spir-14088	302	22	that	that	PRON
spir-14088	302	23	go	go	VERB
spir-14088	302	24	far	far	ADV
spir-14088	302	25	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	302	26	explaining	explain	VERB
spir-14088	302	27	why	why	SCONJ
spir-14088	302	28	the	the	DET
spir-14088	302	29	main	main	ADJ
spir-14088	302	30	actors	actor	NOUN
spir-14088	302	31	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	302	32	the	the	DET
spir-14088	302	33	field	field	NOUN
spir-14088	302	34	pursue	pursue	VERB
spir-14088	302	35	all	all	DET
spir-14088	302	36	three	three	NUM
spir-14088	302	37	simultaneously	simultaneously	ADV
spir-14088	302	38	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	303	1	foundation	foundation	NOUN
spir-14088	303	2	models	model	NOUN
spir-14088	303	3	may	may	AUX
spir-14088	303	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	303	5	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	303	6	fact	fact	NOUN
spir-14088	303	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	303	8	not	not	PART
spir-14088	303	9	succeed	succeed	VERB
spir-14088	303	10	or	or	CCONJ
spir-14088	303	11	succeed	succeed	VERB
spir-14088	303	12	only	only	ADV
spir-14088	303	13	partially	partially	ADV
spir-14088	303	14	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	303	15	user	user	NOUN
spir-14088	303	16	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	303	17	facing	face	VERB
spir-14088	303	18	universal	universal	ADJ
spir-14088	303	19	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	303	20	but	but	CCONJ
spir-14088	303	21	still	still	ADV
spir-14088	303	22	play	play	VERB
spir-14088	303	23	a	a	DET
spir-14088	303	24	central	central	ADJ
spir-14088	303	25	role	role	NOUN
spir-14088	303	26	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	303	27	the	the	DET
spir-14088	303	28	creation	creation	NOUN
spir-14088	303	29	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	303	30	taskor	taskor	ADJ
spir-14088	303	31	domain	domain	NOUN
spir-14088	303	32	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	303	33	specific	specific	ADJ
spir-14088	303	34	models	model	NOUN
spir-14088	303	35	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	303	36	similar	similar	ADJ
spir-14088	303	37	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	303	38	the	the	DET
spir-14088	303	39	role	role	NOUN
spir-14088	303	40	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	303	41	bert	bert	PROPN
spir-14088	303	42	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	303	43	nlp	nlp	NOUN
spir-14088	303	44	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	303	45	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	304	1	it	it	PRON
spir-14088	304	2	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	304	3	highly	highly	ADV
spir-14088	304	4	likely	likely	ADJ
spir-14088	304	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	304	6	however	however	ADV
spir-14088	304	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	304	8	that	that	SCONJ
spir-14088	304	9	the	the	DET
spir-14088	304	10	diffusion	diffusion	NOUN
spir-14088	304	11	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	304	12	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	304	13	will	will	AUX
spir-14088	304	14	not	not	PART
spir-14088	304	15	neatly	neatly	ADV
spir-14088	304	16	resemble	resemble	VERB
spir-14088	304	17	previous	previous	ADJ
spir-14088	304	18	general	general	ADJ
spir-14088	304	19	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	304	20	purpose	purpose	NOUN
spir-14088	304	21	technologies	technology	NOUN
spir-14088	304	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	304	23	such	such	ADJ
spir-14088	304	24	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	304	25	electricity	electricity	NOUN
spir-14088	304	26	or	or	CCONJ
spir-14088	304	27	steam	steam	NOUN
spir-14088	304	28	power	power	NOUN
spir-14088	304	29	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	304	30	as	as	SCONJ
spir-14088	304	31	it	it	PRON
spir-14088	304	32	reaches	reach	VERB
spir-14088	304	33	much	much	ADV
spir-14088	304	34	further	far	ADV
spir-14088	304	35	into	into	ADP
spir-14088	304	36	culturally	culturally	ADV
spir-14088	304	37	contested	contest	VERB
spir-14088	304	38	terrain	terrain	NOUN
spir-14088	304	39	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	304	40	making	make	VERB
spir-14088	304	41	fragmentation	fragmentation	NOUN
spir-14088	304	42	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	304	43	diversification	diversification	NOUN
spir-14088	304	44	more	more	ADV
spir-14088	304	45	likely	likely	ADJ
spir-14088	304	46	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	305	1	the	the	DET
spir-14088	305	2	goal	goal	NOUN
spir-14088	305	3	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	305	4	this	this	DET
spir-14088	305	5	paper	paper	NOUN
spir-14088	305	6	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	305	7	thus	thus	ADV
spir-14088	305	8	to	to	PART
spir-14088	305	9	better	well	ADV
spir-14088	305	10	understand	understand	VERB
spir-14088	305	11	how	how	SCONJ
spir-14088	305	12	ai	ai	AUX
spir-14088	305	13	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	305	14	not	not	PART
spir-14088	305	15	becoming	become	VERB
spir-14088	305	16	a	a	DET
spir-14088	305	17	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	305	18	but	but	CCONJ
spir-14088	305	19	giving	give	VERB
spir-14088	305	20	rise	rise	NOUN
spir-14088	305	21	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	305	22	different	different	ADJ
spir-14088	305	23	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	305	24	kinds	kind	NOUN
spir-14088	305	25	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	305	26	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	305	27	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	305	28	that	that	PRON
spir-14088	305	29	produce	produce	VERB
spir-14088	305	30	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	305	31	explore	explore	VERB
spir-14088	305	32	its	its	PRON
spir-14088	305	33	general	general	ADJ
spir-14088	305	34	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	305	35	purpose	purpose	NOUN
spir-14088	305	36	potential	potential	NOUN
spir-14088	305	37	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	305	38	different	different	ADJ
spir-14088	305	39	ways	way	NOUN
spir-14088	305	40	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	305	41	with	with	ADP
spir-14088	305	42	potentially	potentially	ADV
spir-14088	305	43	different	different	ADJ
spir-14088	305	44	effects	effect	NOUN
spir-14088	305	45	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	305	46	power	power	NOUN
spir-14088	305	47	structures	structure	NOUN
spir-14088	305	48	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	306	1	insights	insight	NOUN
spir-14088	306	2	into	into	ADP
spir-14088	306	3	these	these	DET
spir-14088	306	4	variations	variation	NOUN
spir-14088	306	5	are	be	AUX
spir-14088	306	6	necessary	necessary	ADJ
spir-14088	306	7	to	to	PART
spir-14088	306	8	calibrate	calibrate	VERB
spir-14088	306	9	our	our	PRON
spir-14088	306	10	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	306	11	responses	response	NOUN
spir-14088	306	12	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	306	13	complex	complex	ADJ
spir-14088	306	14	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	306	15	contradictory	contradictory	ADJ
spir-14088	306	16	developments	development	NOUN
spir-14088	306	17	that	that	PRON
spir-14088	306	18	do	do	AUX
spir-14088	306	19	not	not	PART
spir-14088	306	20	teleologically	teleologically	ADV
spir-14088	306	21	converge	converge	VERB
spir-14088	306	22	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	306	23	a	a	DET
spir-14088	306	24	single	single	ADJ
spir-14088	306	25	outcome	outcome	NOUN
spir-14088	306	26	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	307	1	references	reference	NOUN
spir-14088	307	2	bogost	bogost	VERB
spir-14088	307	3	i	i	PRON
spir-14088	307	4	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	307	5	montfort	montfort	PROPN
spir-14088	307	6	n	n	PROPN
spir-14088	307	7	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	307	8	2009	2009	NUM
spir-14088	307	9	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	307	10	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	307	11	studies	study	NOUN
spir-14088	307	12	frequently	frequently	ADV
spir-14088	307	13	questioned	question	VERB
spir-14088	307	14	answers	answer	NOUN
spir-14088	307	15	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	308	1	available	available	ADJ
spir-14088	308	2	at	at	ADP
spir-14088	308	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	308	4	https://escholarship.org/uc/item/01r0k9br	https://escholarship.org/uc/item/01r0k9br	X
spir-14088	308	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	309	1	bommasani	bommasani	PROPN
spir-14088	309	2	r	r	PROPN
spir-14088	309	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	309	4	hudson	hudson	PROPN
spir-14088	309	5	da	da	PROPN
spir-14088	309	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	309	7	adeli	adeli	ADJ
spir-14088	309	8	e	e	NOUN
spir-14088	309	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	309	10	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	309	11	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	309	12	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	310	1	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	310	2	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	310	3	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	310	4	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	310	5	the	the	DET
spir-14088	310	6	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
spir-14088	310	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	310	8	risks	risk	NOUN
spir-14088	310	9	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	310	10	foundation	foundation	NOUN
spir-14088	310	11	models	model	NOUN
spir-14088	310	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	311	1	arxiv:2108.07258	arxiv:2108.07258	NOUN
spir-14088	312	1	[	[	X
spir-14088	312	2	cs	cs	X
spir-14088	312	3	]	]	X
spir-14088	312	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	313	1	eloundou	eloundou	PROPN
spir-14088	313	2	t	t	PROPN
spir-14088	313	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	313	4	manning	man	VERB
spir-14088	313	5	s	s	PROPN
spir-14088	313	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	313	7	mishkin	mishkin	NOUN
spir-14088	313	8	p	p	NOUN
spir-14088	313	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	313	10	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	313	11	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	313	12	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	314	1	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	314	2	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14088	314	3	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	314	4	gpts	gpt	NOUN
spir-14088	314	5	are	be	AUX
spir-14088	314	6	gpts	gpt	NOUN
spir-14088	314	7	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	314	8	an	an	DET
spir-14088	314	9	early	early	ADJ
spir-14088	314	10	look	look	NOUN
spir-14088	314	11	at	at	ADP
spir-14088	314	12	the	the	DET
spir-14088	314	13	labor	labor	NOUN
spir-14088	314	14	market	market	NOUN
spir-14088	314	15	impact	impact	NOUN
spir-14088	314	16	potential	potential	NOUN
spir-14088	314	17	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	314	18	large	large	ADJ
spir-14088	314	19	language	language	NOUN
spir-14088	314	20	models	model	NOUN
spir-14088	314	21	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	315	1	arxiv:2303.10130	arxiv:2303.10130	NOUN
spir-14088	315	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	316	1	helmond	helmond	PROPN
spir-14088	316	2	a	a	DET
spir-14088	316	3	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	316	4	2015	2015	NUM
spir-14088	316	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	316	6	the	the	DET
spir-14088	316	7	platformization	platformization	NOUN
spir-14088	316	8	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	316	9	the	the	DET
spir-14088	316	10	web	web	NOUN
spir-14088	316	11	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	316	12	making	make	VERB
spir-14088	316	13	web	web	NOUN
spir-14088	316	14	data	datum	NOUN
spir-14088	316	15	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	316	16	ready	ready	ADJ
spir-14088	316	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	317	1	social	social	ADJ
spir-14088	317	2	media	medium	NOUN
spir-14088	317	3	+	+	CCONJ
spir-14088	317	4	society	society	NOUN
spir-14088	317	5	1(2	1(2	NUM
spir-14088	317	6	):	):	PUNCT
spir-14088	317	7	1–11	1–11	PROPN
spir-14088	317	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	318	1	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-14088	318	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	318	3	10.1177/2056305115603080	10.1177/2056305115603080	NUM
spir-14088	318	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	319	1	jacobides	jacobide	NOUN
spir-14088	319	2	mg	mg	PROPN
spir-14088	319	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	319	4	brusoni	brusoni	NOUN
spir-14088	319	5	s	s	NOUN
spir-14088	319	6	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	319	7	candelon	candelon	NOUN
spir-14088	319	8	f	f	PROPN
spir-14088	319	9	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	319	10	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	319	11	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	319	12	the	the	DET
spir-14088	319	13	evolutionary	evolutionary	ADJ
spir-14088	319	14	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
spir-14088	319	15	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	319	16	the	the	DET
spir-14088	319	17	artificial	artificial	ADJ
spir-14088	319	18	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
spir-14088	319	19	ecosystem	ecosystem	NOUN
spir-14088	319	20	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	320	1	strategy	strategy	NOUN
spir-14088	320	2	science	science	PROPN
spir-14088	320	3	6(4	6(4	PROPN
spir-14088	320	4	):	):	PUNCT
spir-14088	321	1	412–435	412–435	NUM
spir-14088	321	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	321	3	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-14088	321	4	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	321	5	10.1287	10.1287	NUM
spir-14088	321	6	/	/	SYM
spir-14088	321	7	stsc.2021.0148	stsc.2021.0148	NOUN
spir-14088	321	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	322	1	https://escholarship.org/uc/item/01r0k9br	https://escholarship.org/uc/item/01r0k9br	VERB
spir-14088	322	2	https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305115603080	https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305115603080	NOUN
spir-14088	322	3	https://doi.org/10.1287/stsc.2021.0148	https://doi.org/10.1287/stsc.2021.0148	PROPN
spir-14088	322	4	luitse	luitse	ADJ
spir-14088	322	5	d	d	X
spir-14088	322	6	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	322	7	forthcoming	forthcoming	ADJ
spir-14088	322	8	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	322	9	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	322	10	power	power	NOUN
spir-14088	322	11	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	322	12	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	322	13	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	322	14	the	the	DET
spir-14088	322	15	evolution	evolution	NOUN
spir-14088	322	16	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	322	17	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	322	18	infrastructures	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	322	19	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	322	20	the	the	DET
spir-14088	322	21	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	322	22	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	322	23	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	322	24	artificial	artificial	ADJ
spir-14088	322	25	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
spir-14088	322	26	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	323	1	narayan	narayan	PROPN
spir-14088	324	1	d	d	X
spir-14088	324	2	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	324	3	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	324	4	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	324	5	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	324	6	capitalism	capitalism	NOUN
spir-14088	324	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	324	8	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	324	9	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
spir-14088	324	10	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	324	11	theorizing	theorize	VERB
spir-14088	324	12	a	a	DET
spir-14088	324	13	hyperscalable	hyperscalable	ADJ
spir-14088	324	14	computing	computing	NOUN
spir-14088	324	15	regime	regime	NOUN
spir-14088	324	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	325	1	environment	environment	NOUN
spir-14088	325	2	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	325	3	planning	plan	VERB
spir-14088	325	4	a	a	DET
spir-14088	325	5	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	325	6	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	325	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	325	8	space	space	NOUN
spir-14088	325	9	54(5	54(5	NUM
spir-14088	325	10	):	):	PUNCT
spir-14088	325	11	911–929	911–929	NUM
spir-14088	325	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	326	1	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-14088	326	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	326	3	10.1177/0308518x221094028	10.1177/0308518x221094028	NUM
spir-14088	326	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	327	1	rieder	rieder	PROPN
spir-14088	327	2	b	b	PROPN
spir-14088	327	3	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	327	4	burkhardt	burkhardt	NOUN
spir-14088	327	5	s	s	PART
spir-14088	327	6	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	327	7	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14088	327	8	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	327	9	foundation	foundation	NOUN
spir-14088	327	10	models	model	NOUN
spir-14088	327	11	are	be	AUX
spir-14088	327	12	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	327	13	models	model	NOUN
spir-14088	327	14	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	327	15	prompting	prompt	VERB
spir-14088	327	16	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	327	17	the	the	DET
spir-14088	327	18	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	327	19	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	327	20	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	327	21	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	327	22	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	328	1	big	big	ADJ
spir-14088	328	2	data	datum	NOUN
spir-14088	328	3	&	&	CCONJ
spir-14088	328	4	society	society	PROPN
spir-14088	328	5	11(2	11(2	PROPN
spir-14088	328	6	):	):	PUNCT
spir-14088	328	7	1–15	1–15	PROPN
spir-14088	328	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	329	1	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-14088	329	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	329	3	10.1177/20539517241247839	10.1177/20539517241247839	NUM
spir-14088	329	4	.	.	X
spir-14088	329	5	rochet	rochet	PROPN
spir-14088	329	6	j	j	PROPN
spir-14088	329	7	-	-	PROPN
spir-14088	329	8	c	c	PROPN
spir-14088	329	9	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	329	10	tirole	tirole	PROPN
spir-14088	329	11	j	j	PROPN
spir-14088	329	12	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	329	13	2003	2003	NUM
spir-14088	329	14	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	329	15	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	329	16	competition	competition	NOUN
spir-14088	329	17	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	329	18	two	two	NUM
spir-14088	329	19	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	329	20	sided	sided	ADJ
spir-14088	329	21	markets	market	NOUN
spir-14088	329	22	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	330	1	journal	journal	NOUN
spir-14088	330	2	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	330	3	the	the	DET
spir-14088	330	4	european	european	PROPN
spir-14088	330	5	economic	economic	PROPN
spir-14088	330	6	association	association	PROPN
spir-14088	330	7	1(4	1(4	NUM
spir-14088	330	8	):	):	PUNCT
spir-14088	330	9	990–1029	990–1029	NUM
spir-14088	330	10	.	.	NOUN
spir-14088	331	1	trajtenberg	trajtenberg	PROPN
spir-14088	331	2	m	m	PROPN
spir-14088	331	3	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	331	4	2018	2018	NUM
spir-14088	331	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	331	6	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	331	7	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	331	8	the	the	DET
spir-14088	331	9	next	next	ADJ
spir-14088	331	10	gpt	gpt	NOUN
spir-14088	331	11	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	331	12	a	a	DET
spir-14088	331	13	political	political	ADJ
spir-14088	331	14	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	331	15	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	331	16	perspective	perspective	NOUN
spir-14088	331	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	332	1	nber	nber	PROPN
spir-14088	332	2	working	working	PROPN
spir-14088	332	3	paper	paper	PROPN
spir-14088	332	4	24245	24245	NUM
spir-14088	332	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	333	1	available	available	ADJ
spir-14088	333	2	at	at	ADP
spir-14088	333	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	333	4	http://www.nber.org/papers/w24245	http://www.nber.org/papers/w24245	PROPN
spir-14088	333	5	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	333	6	vaswani	vaswani	PROPN
spir-14088	333	7	a	a	PRON
spir-14088	333	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	333	9	shazeer	shazeer	NOUN
spir-14088	333	10	n	n	SYM
spir-14088	333	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	333	12	parmar	parmar	PROPN
spir-14088	333	13	n	n	CCONJ
spir-14088	333	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	333	15	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	333	16	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	333	17	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	334	1	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	334	2	2017	2017	NUM
spir-14088	334	3	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	334	4	attention	attention	NOUN
spir-14088	334	5	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	334	6	all	all	PRON
spir-14088	334	7	you	you	PRON
spir-14088	334	8	need	need	VERB
spir-14088	334	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	335	1	arxiv:1706.03762	arxiv:1706.03762	NOUN
spir-14088	335	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	336	1	https://doi.org/10.1177/0308518x221094028	https://doi.org/10.1177/0308518x221094028	PROPN
spir-14088	336	2	https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517241247839	https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517241247839	PROPN
spir-14088	337	1	http://www.nber.org/papers/w24245	http://www.nber.org/papers/w24245	X
spir-14088	337	2	how	how	SCONJ
spir-14088	337	3	machine	machine	NOUN
spir-14088	337	4	vision	vision	NOUN
spir-14088	337	5	challenges	challenge	VERB
spir-14088	337	6	structure	structure	NOUN
spir-14088	337	7	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	337	8	innovation	innovation	PROPN
spir-14088	337	9	sam	sam	PROPN
spir-14088	337	10	hind	hind	PROPN
spir-14088	337	11	university	university	PROPN
spir-14088	337	12	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	337	13	manchester	manchester	PROPN
spir-14088	337	14	fernando	fernando	PROPN
spir-14088	337	15	van	van	PROPN
spir-14088	337	16	der	der	PROPN
spir-14088	337	17	vlist	vlist	PROPN
spir-14088	337	18	university	university	PROPN
spir-14088	337	19	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	337	20	amsterdam	amsterdam	PROPN
spir-14088	337	21	max	max	PROPN
spir-14088	337	22	kanderske	kanderske	PROPN
spir-14088	337	23	university	university	PROPN
spir-14088	337	24	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	337	25	siegen	siegen	PROPN
spir-14088	337	26	introduction	introduction	NOUN
spir-14088	337	27	challenges	challenge	NOUN
spir-14088	337	28	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	337	29	competitions	competition	NOUN
spir-14088	337	30	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	337	31	prizes	prize	NOUN
spir-14088	337	32	have	have	AUX
spir-14088	337	33	long	long	ADV
spir-14088	337	34	played	play	VERB
spir-14088	337	35	a	a	DET
spir-14088	337	36	role	role	NOUN
spir-14088	337	37	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	337	38	driving	drive	VERB
spir-14088	337	39	technological	technological	ADJ
spir-14088	337	40	innovation	innovation	NOUN
spir-14088	337	41	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	338	1	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	338	2	the	the	DET
spir-14088	338	3	late	late	ADJ
spir-14088	338	4	1980s	1980	NOUN
spir-14088	338	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	338	6	the	the	DET
spir-14088	338	7	concept	concept	NOUN
spir-14088	338	8	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	338	9	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	338	10	grand	grand	ADJ
spir-14088	338	11	challenges	challenge	NOUN
spir-14088	338	12	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	338	13	emerged	emerge	VERB
spir-14088	338	14	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	338	15	a	a	DET
spir-14088	338	16	framework	framework	NOUN
spir-14088	338	17	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	338	18	realising	realise	VERB
spir-14088	338	19	research	research	NOUN
spir-14088	338	20	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	338	21	science	science	NOUN
spir-14088	338	22	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	338	23	technology	technology	NOUN
spir-14088	338	24	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	339	1	more	more	ADV
spir-14088	339	2	precisely	precisely	ADV
spir-14088	339	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	339	4	raj	raj	PROPN
spir-14088	339	5	reddy	reddy	PROPN
spir-14088	339	6	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	339	7	1988	1988	NUM
spir-14088	339	8	presidential	presidential	ADJ
spir-14088	339	9	address	address	NOUN
spir-14088	339	10	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	339	11	the	the	DET
spir-14088	339	12	association	association	NOUN
spir-14088	339	13	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	339	14	the	the	DET
spir-14088	339	15	advancement	advancement	NOUN
spir-14088	339	16	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	339	17	artificial	artificial	ADJ
spir-14088	339	18	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
spir-14088	339	19	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	339	20	aaai	aaai	PROPN
spir-14088	339	21	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	339	22	aimed	aim	VERB
spir-14088	339	23	to	to	PART
spir-14088	339	24	propel	propel	VERB
spir-14088	339	25	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	339	26	research	research	NOUN
spir-14088	339	27	towards	towards	ADP
spir-14088	339	28	tangible	tangible	ADJ
spir-14088	339	29	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	339	30	concrete	concrete	ADJ
spir-14088	339	31	applications	application	NOUN
spir-14088	339	32	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	340	1	chess	chess	NOUN
spir-14088	340	2	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	340	3	playing	play	VERB
spir-14088	340	4	machines	machine	NOUN
spir-14088	340	5	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	340	6	autonomous	autonomous	ADJ
spir-14088	340	7	vehicles	vehicle	NOUN
spir-14088	340	8	were	be	AUX
spir-14088	340	9	presented	present	VERB
spir-14088	340	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	340	11	amongst	amongst	ADP
spir-14088	340	12	others	other	NOUN
spir-14088	340	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	340	14	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	340	15	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	340	16	bold	bold	ADJ
spir-14088	340	17	national	national	ADJ
spir-14088	340	18	initiatives	initiative	NOUN
spir-14088	340	19	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	340	20	intended	intend	VERB
spir-14088	340	21	to	to	PART
spir-14088	340	22	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	340	23	capture	capture	VERB
spir-14088	340	24	the	the	DET
spir-14088	340	25	imagination	imagination	NOUN
spir-14088	340	26	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	340	27	the	the	DET
spir-14088	340	28	public	public	NOUN
spir-14088	340	29	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	340	30	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	340	31	reddy	reddy	NOUN
spir-14088	340	32	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	340	33	1988	1988	NUM
spir-14088	340	34	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	340	35	18	18	NUM
spir-14088	340	36	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	340	37	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	341	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
spir-14088	341	2	25	25	NUM
spir-14088	341	3	years	year	NOUN
spir-14088	341	4	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	341	5	financial	financial	ADJ
spir-14088	341	6	support	support	NOUN
spir-14088	341	7	from	from	ADP
spir-14088	341	8	the	the	DET
spir-14088	341	9	likes	like	NOUN
spir-14088	341	10	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	341	11	the	the	DET
spir-14088	341	12	defense	defense	NOUN
spir-14088	341	13	advanced	advanced	ADJ
spir-14088	341	14	research	research	NOUN
spir-14088	341	15	projects	project	NOUN
spir-14088	341	16	agency	agency	NOUN
spir-14088	341	17	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	341	18	darpa	darpa	PROPN
spir-14088	341	19	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	341	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	341	21	national	national	PROPN
spir-14088	341	22	science	science	PROPN
spir-14088	341	23	foundation	foundation	PROPN
spir-14088	341	24	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	341	25	nsf	nsf	NOUN
spir-14088	341	26	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	341	27	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	341	28	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	341	29	nasa	nasa	PROPN
spir-14088	341	30	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	341	31	reddy	reddy	PROPN
spir-14088	341	32	contended	contend	VERB
spir-14088	341	33	that	that	SCONJ
spir-14088	341	34	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	341	35	research	research	NOUN
spir-14088	341	36	—	—	PUNCT
spir-14088	341	37	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	341	38	the	the	DET
spir-14088	341	39	us	us	PROPN
spir-14088	341	40	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	341	41	at	at	ADP
spir-14088	341	42	least	least	ADJ
spir-14088	341	43	—	—	PUNCT
spir-14088	341	44	now	now	ADV
spir-14088	341	45	needed	need	VERB
spir-14088	341	46	to	to	PART
spir-14088	341	47	enter	enter	VERB
spir-14088	341	48	an	an	DET
spir-14088	341	49	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	341	50	era	era	NOUN
spir-14088	341	51	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	341	52	accountability	accountability	NOUN
spir-14088	341	53	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	341	54	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	341	55	reddy	reddy	PROPN
spir-14088	341	56	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	341	57	1988	1988	NUM
spir-14088	341	58	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	341	59	9	9	NUM
spir-14088	341	60	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	341	61	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	342	1	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	342	2	recent	recent	ADJ
spir-14088	342	3	years	year	NOUN
spir-14088	342	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	342	5	talk	talk	NOUN
spir-14088	342	6	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	342	7	the	the	DET
spir-14088	342	8	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	342	9	grand	grand	ADJ
spir-14088	342	10	challenges	challenge	NOUN
spir-14088	342	11	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	342	12	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	342	13	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	342	14	has	have	AUX
spir-14088	342	15	receded	recede	VERB
spir-14088	342	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	343	1	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	343	2	its	its	PRON
spir-14088	343	3	place	place	NOUN
spir-14088	343	4	—	—	PUNCT
spir-14088	343	5	as	as	SCONJ
spir-14088	343	6	the	the	DET
spir-14088	343	7	era	era	NOUN
spir-14088	343	8	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	343	9	accountability	accountability	NOUN
spir-14088	343	10	turns	turn	VERB
spir-14088	343	11	into	into	ADP
spir-14088	343	12	an	an	DET
spir-14088	343	13	era	era	NOUN
spir-14088	343	14	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	343	15	accumulation	accumulation	NOUN
spir-14088	343	16	—	—	PUNCT
spir-14088	343	17	a	a	DET
spir-14088	343	18	series	series	NOUN
spir-14088	343	19	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	343	20	altogether	altogether	ADV
spir-14088	343	21	less	less	ADV
spir-14088	343	22	grand	grand	ADJ
spir-14088	343	23	challenges	challenge	NOUN
spir-14088	343	24	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	344	1	these	these	PRON
spir-14088	344	2	might	might	AUX
spir-14088	344	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	344	4	instead	instead	ADV
spir-14088	344	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	344	6	be	be	AUX
spir-14088	344	7	understood	understand	VERB
spir-14088	344	8	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	344	9	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	344	10	incremental	incremental	ADJ
spir-14088	344	11	challenges	challenge	NOUN
spir-14088	344	12	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	344	13	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	344	14	a	a	DET
spir-14088	344	15	host	host	NOUN
spir-14088	344	16	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	344	17	competitions	competition	NOUN
spir-14088	344	18	organised	organise	VERB
spir-14088	344	19	by	by	ADP
spir-14088	344	20	start	start	NOUN
spir-14088	344	21	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	344	22	ups	up	NOUN
spir-14088	344	23	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	344	24	research	research	NOUN
spir-14088	344	25	centres	centre	NOUN
spir-14088	344	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	344	27	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	344	28	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	344	29	firms	firm	NOUN
spir-14088	344	30	to	to	PART
spir-14088	344	31	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
spir-14088	344	32	cutting	cutting	NOUN
spir-14088	344	33	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	344	34	edge	edge	NOUN
spir-14088	344	35	innovation	innovation	NOUN
spir-14088	344	36	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	344	37	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	344	38	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	344	39	machine	machine	NOUN
spir-14088	344	40	learning	learning	NOUN
spir-14088	344	41	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	344	42	ml	ml	NOUN
spir-14088	344	43	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	344	44	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	344	45	machine	machine	NOUN
spir-14088	344	46	vision	vision	NOUN
spir-14088	344	47	more	more	ADV
spir-14088	344	48	specifically	specifically	ADV
spir-14088	344	49	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	344	50	hind	hind	NOUN
spir-14088	344	51	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	344	52	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	344	53	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	344	54	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	344	55	2024	2024	NUM
spir-14088	344	56	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	344	57	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	345	1	the	the	DET
spir-14088	345	2	argument	argument	NOUN
spir-14088	345	3	here	here	ADV
spir-14088	345	4	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	345	5	that	that	DET
spir-14088	345	6	incremental	incremental	ADJ
spir-14088	345	7	challenges	challenge	NOUN
spir-14088	345	8	—	—	PUNCT
spir-14088	345	9	different	different	ADJ
spir-14088	345	10	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	345	11	scale	scale	NOUN
spir-14088	345	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	345	13	form	form	NOUN
spir-14088	345	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	345	15	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	345	16	purpose	purpose	NOUN
spir-14088	345	17	from	from	ADP
spir-14088	345	18	grand	grand	ADJ
spir-14088	345	19	challenges	challenge	NOUN
spir-14088	345	20	—	—	PUNCT
spir-14088	345	21	serve	serve	VERB
spir-14088	345	22	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	345	23	a	a	DET
spir-14088	345	24	critical	critical	ADJ
spir-14088	345	25	organizing	organizing	NOUN
spir-14088	345	26	principle	principle	NOUN
spir-14088	345	27	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	345	28	the	the	DET
spir-14088	345	29	development	development	NOUN
spir-14088	345	30	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	345	31	new	new	ADJ
spir-14088	345	32	ml	ml	NOUN
spir-14088	345	33	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	345	34	machine	machine	NOUN
spir-14088	345	35	vision	vision	NOUN
spir-14088	345	36	techniques	technique	NOUN
spir-14088	345	37	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	345	38	ribes	ribe	NOUN
spir-14088	345	39	et	et	NOUN
spir-14088	345	40	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	345	41	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	345	42	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	345	43	2019	2019	NUM
spir-14088	345	44	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	345	45	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	346	1	methodologically	methodologically	ADV
spir-14088	346	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	346	3	challenges	challenge	NOUN
spir-14088	346	4	represent	represent	VERB
spir-14088	346	5	a	a	DET
spir-14088	346	6	fascinating	fascinating	ADJ
spir-14088	346	7	setting	setting	NOUN
spir-14088	346	8	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	346	9	studying	study	VERB
spir-14088	346	10	the	the	DET
spir-14088	346	11	everyday	everyday	ADJ
spir-14088	346	12	work	work	NOUN
spir-14088	346	13	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	346	14	computer	computer	NOUN
spir-14088	346	15	scientists	scientist	NOUN
spir-14088	346	16	working	work	VERB
spir-14088	346	17	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	346	18	ml	ml	NOUN
spir-14088	346	19	model	model	NOUN
spir-14088	346	20	design	design	NOUN
spir-14088	346	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	346	22	testing	testing	NOUN
spir-14088	346	23	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	346	24	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	346	25	application	application	NOUN
spir-14088	346	26	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	347	1	challenges	challenge	NOUN
spir-14088	347	2	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	347	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	347	4	internal	internal	ADJ
spir-14088	347	5	competition	competition	NOUN
spir-14088	347	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	347	7	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
spir-14088	347	8	setting	setting	NOUN
spir-14088	347	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	347	10	platformised	platformise	VERB
spir-14088	347	11	environment	environment	NOUN
spir-14088	347	12	incremental	incremental	ADJ
spir-14088	347	13	challenges	challenge	NOUN
spir-14088	347	14	are	be	AUX
spir-14088	347	15	an	an	DET
spir-14088	347	16	important	important	ADJ
spir-14088	347	17	mechanism	mechanism	NOUN
spir-14088	347	18	through	through	ADP
spir-14088	347	19	which	which	PRON
spir-14088	347	20	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	347	21	a	a	X
spir-14088	347	22	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	347	23	training	training	NOUN
spir-14088	347	24	data	datum	NOUN
spir-14088	347	25	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	347	26	b	b	NOUN
spir-14088	347	27	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	347	28	computing	compute	VERB
spir-14088	347	29	power	power	NOUN
spir-14088	347	30	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	347	31	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	347	32	compute	compute	NOUN
spir-14088	347	33	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	347	34	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	347	35	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	347	36	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	347	37	c	c	NOUN
spir-14088	347	38	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	347	39	expert	expert	NOUN
spir-14088	347	40	forms	form	NOUN
spir-14088	347	41	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	347	42	labour	labour	NOUN
spir-14088	347	43	come	come	VERB
spir-14088	347	44	together	together	ADV
spir-14088	347	45	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	347	46	the	the	DET
spir-14088	347	47	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ
spir-14088	347	48	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	347	49	economy	economy	NOUN
spir-14088	347	50	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	347	51	srnicek	srnicek	NOUN
spir-14088	347	52	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	347	53	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	347	54	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	347	55	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	348	1	however	however	ADV
spir-14088	348	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	348	3	competitions	competition	NOUN
spir-14088	348	4	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	348	5	challenges	challenge	NOUN
spir-14088	348	6	have	have	AUX
spir-14088	348	7	long	long	ADV
spir-14088	348	8	been	be	AUX
spir-14088	348	9	used	use	VERB
spir-14088	348	10	by	by	ADP
spir-14088	348	11	capitalist	capitalist	ADJ
spir-14088	348	12	firms	firm	NOUN
spir-14088	348	13	to	to	PART
spir-14088	348	14	stimulate	stimulate	VERB
spir-14088	348	15	activity	activity	NOUN
spir-14088	348	16	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	348	17	different	different	ADJ
spir-14088	348	18	settings	setting	NOUN
spir-14088	348	19	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	349	1	three	three	NUM
spir-14088	349	2	trajectories	trajectory	NOUN
spir-14088	349	3	are	be	AUX
spir-14088	349	4	worth	worth	ADJ
spir-14088	349	5	mentioning	mention	VERB
spir-14088	349	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	350	1	firstly	firstly	ADV
spir-14088	350	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	350	3	capitalist	capitalist	ADJ
spir-14088	350	4	firms	firm	NOUN
spir-14088	350	5	often	often	ADV
spir-14088	350	6	invite	invite	VERB
spir-14088	350	7	different	different	ADJ
spir-14088	350	8	kinds	kind	NOUN
spir-14088	350	9	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	350	10	internal	internal	ADJ
spir-14088	350	11	competition	competition	NOUN
spir-14088	350	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	350	13	whether	whether	SCONJ
spir-14088	350	14	between	between	ADP
spir-14088	350	15	rival	rival	ADJ
spir-14088	350	16	departments	department	NOUN
spir-14088	350	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	350	18	teams	team	NOUN
spir-14088	350	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	350	20	or	or	CCONJ
spir-14088	350	21	projects	project	NOUN
spir-14088	350	22	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	351	1	phillips	phillip	NOUN
spir-14088	351	2	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	351	3	rozworski	rozworski	PROPN
spir-14088	351	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	351	5	2019	2019	NUM
spir-14088	351	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	351	7	discuss	discuss	VERB
spir-14088	351	8	how	how	SCONJ
spir-14088	351	9	us	we	PRON
spir-14088	351	10	retailer	retailer	NOUN
spir-14088	351	11	sears	sear	NOUN
spir-14088	351	12	implemented	implement	VERB
spir-14088	351	13	an	an	DET
spir-14088	351	14	internal	internal	ADJ
spir-14088	351	15	market	market	NOUN
spir-14088	351	16	to	to	PART
spir-14088	351	17	drive	drive	VERB
spir-14088	351	18	competition	competition	NOUN
spir-14088	351	19	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	351	20	rather	rather	ADV
spir-14088	351	21	than	than	ADP
spir-14088	351	22	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	351	23	competitions	competition	NOUN
spir-14088	351	24	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	351	25	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	351	26	per	per	X
spir-14088	351	27	se	se	X
spir-14088	351	28	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	351	29	between	between	ADP
spir-14088	351	30	divisions	division	NOUN
spir-14088	351	31	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	352	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
spir-14088	352	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	352	3	messaging	message	VERB
spir-14088	352	4	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	352	5	telegram	telegram	NOUN
spir-14088	352	6	previously	previously	ADV
spir-14088	352	7	ran	run	VERB
spir-14088	352	8	an	an	DET
spir-14088	352	9	internal	internal	ADJ
spir-14088	352	10	competition	competition	NOUN
spir-14088	352	11	to	to	PART
spir-14088	352	12	develop	develop	VERB
spir-14088	352	13	a	a	DET
spir-14088	352	14	simplified	simplified	ADJ
spir-14088	352	15	web	web	NOUN
spir-14088	352	16	version	version	NOUN
spir-14088	352	17	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	352	18	the	the	DET
spir-14088	352	19	service	service	NOUN
spir-14088	352	20	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	352	21	telegram	telegram	NOUN
spir-14088	352	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	352	23	2021a	2021a	NUM
spir-14088	352	24	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	352	25	contest	contest	NOUN
spir-14088	352	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	352	27	2024	2024	NUM
spir-14088	352	28	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	352	29	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	352	30	resulting	result	VERB
spir-14088	352	31	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	352	32	the	the	DET
spir-14088	352	33	public	public	ADJ
spir-14088	352	34	launch	launch	NOUN
spir-14088	352	35	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	352	36	two	two	NUM
spir-14088	352	37	platforms	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	352	38	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	352	39	version	version	NOUN
spir-14088	352	40	k	k	PROPN
spir-14088	352	41	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	352	42	version	version	PROPN
spir-14088	352	43	z	z	PROPN
spir-14088	352	44	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	352	45	telegram	telegram	NOUN
spir-14088	352	46	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	352	47	2021b	2021b	NUM
spir-14088	352	48	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	352	49	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	353	1	secondly	secondly	ADV
spir-14088	353	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	353	3	ml	ml	ADV
spir-14088	353	4	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	353	5	machine	machine	NOUN
spir-14088	353	6	vision	vision	NOUN
spir-14088	353	7	challenges	challenge	NOUN
spir-14088	353	8	function	function	VERB
spir-14088	353	9	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	353	10	an	an	DET
spir-14088	353	11	opportunity	opportunity	NOUN
spir-14088	353	12	to	to	PART
spir-14088	353	13	draw	draw	VERB
spir-14088	353	14	together	together	ADV
spir-14088	353	15	expertise	expertise	NOUN
spir-14088	353	16	to	to	PART
spir-14088	353	17	tackle	tackle	VERB
spir-14088	353	18	shared	share	VERB
spir-14088	353	19	computational	computational	ADJ
spir-14088	353	20	problems	problem	NOUN
spir-14088	353	21	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	354	1	the	the	DET
spir-14088	354	2	pascal	pascal	PROPN
spir-14088	354	3	voc	voc	NOUN
spir-14088	354	4	challenge	challenge	NOUN
spir-14088	354	5	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	354	6	2005–2012	2005–2012	NUM
spir-14088	354	7	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	354	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	354	9	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	354	10	example	example	NOUN
spir-14088	354	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	354	12	offered	offer	VERB
spir-14088	354	13	researchers	researcher	NOUN
spir-14088	354	14	the	the	DET
spir-14088	354	15	opportunity	opportunity	NOUN
spir-14088	354	16	to	to	PART
spir-14088	354	17	design	design	VERB
spir-14088	354	18	visual	visual	ADJ
spir-14088	354	19	object	object	NOUN
spir-14088	354	20	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	354	21	recognition	recognition	NOUN
spir-14088	354	22	methods	method	NOUN
spir-14088	354	23	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	354	24	a	a	DET
spir-14088	354	25	competitive	competitive	ADJ
spir-14088	354	26	setting	setting	NOUN
spir-14088	354	27	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	354	28	everingham	everingham	PROPN
spir-14088	354	29	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	354	30	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	354	31	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	354	32	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	354	33	2010	2010	NUM
spir-14088	354	34	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	354	35	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	355	1	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	355	2	such	such	ADJ
spir-14088	355	3	cases	case	NOUN
spir-14088	355	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	355	5	the	the	DET
spir-14088	355	6	stated	state	VERB
spir-14088	355	7	aim	aim	NOUN
spir-14088	355	8	was	be	AUX
spir-14088	355	9	to	to	PART
spir-14088	355	10	offer	offer	VERB
spir-14088	355	11	a	a	DET
spir-14088	355	12	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	355	13	standard	standard	ADJ
spir-14088	355	14	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
spir-14088	355	15	methodology	methodology	NOUN
spir-14088	355	16	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	355	17	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	355	18	comparing	compare	VERB
spir-14088	355	19	different	different	ADJ
spir-14088	355	20	methods	method	NOUN
spir-14088	355	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	355	22	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	355	23	to	to	PART
spir-14088	355	24	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	355	25	measure	measure	VERB
spir-14088	355	26	the	the	DET
spir-14088	355	27	state	state	NOUN
spir-14088	355	28	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	355	29	the	the	DET
spir-14088	355	30	art	art	NOUN
spir-14088	355	31	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	355	32	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	355	33	visual	visual	ADJ
spir-14088	355	34	object	object	NOUN
spir-14088	355	35	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	355	36	recognition	recognition	NOUN
spir-14088	355	37	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	355	38	everingham	everingham	PROPN
spir-14088	355	39	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	355	40	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	355	41	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	355	42	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	355	43	2010	2010	NUM
spir-14088	355	44	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	355	45	303	303	NUM
spir-14088	355	46	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	355	47	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	356	1	thirdly	thirdly	ADV
spir-14088	356	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	356	3	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	356	4	most	most	ADV
spir-14088	356	5	recently	recently	ADV
spir-14088	356	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	356	7	the	the	DET
spir-14088	356	8	challenge	challenge	NOUN
spir-14088	356	9	format	format	NOUN
spir-14088	356	10	has	have	AUX
spir-14088	356	11	itself	itself	PRON
spir-14088	356	12	become	become	VERB
spir-14088	356	13	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	356	14	platformised	platformise	VERB
spir-14088	356	15	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	356	16	over	over	ADP
spir-14088	356	17	the	the	DET
spir-14088	356	18	course	course	NOUN
spir-14088	356	19	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	356	20	the	the	DET
spir-14088	356	21	last	last	ADJ
spir-14088	356	22	10–15	10–15	NUM
spir-14088	356	23	years	year	NOUN
spir-14088	356	24	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	356	25	with	with	ADP
spir-14088	356	26	the	the	DET
spir-14088	356	27	likes	like	NOUN
spir-14088	356	28	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	356	29	kaggle	kaggle	PROPN
spir-14088	356	30	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	356	31	owned	own	VERB
spir-14088	356	32	by	by	ADP
spir-14088	356	33	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	356	34	/	/	SYM
spir-14088	356	35	alphabet	alphabet	NOUN
spir-14088	356	36	since	since	SCONJ
spir-14088	356	37	2017	2017	NUM
spir-14088	356	38	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	356	39	offering	offer	VERB
spir-14088	356	40	access	access	NOUN
spir-14088	356	41	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	356	42	thousands	thousand	NOUN
spir-14088	356	43	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	356	44	ml	ml	NOUN
spir-14088	356	45	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	356	46	data	datum	NOUN
spir-14088	356	47	science	science	NOUN
spir-14088	356	48	challenges	challenge	NOUN
spir-14088	356	49	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	356	50	across	across	ADP
spir-14088	356	51	numerous	numerous	ADJ
spir-14088	356	52	domains	domain	NOUN
spir-14088	356	53	such	such	ADJ
spir-14088	356	54	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	356	55	medical	medical	ADJ
spir-14088	356	56	imaging	imaging	NOUN
spir-14088	356	57	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	356	58	plant	plant	NOUN
spir-14088	356	59	recognition	recognition	NOUN
spir-14088	356	60	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	356	61	kaggle	kaggle	PROPN
spir-14088	356	62	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	356	63	2024	2024	NUM
spir-14088	356	64	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	356	65	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	357	1	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	357	2	such	such	ADJ
spir-14088	357	3	cases	case	NOUN
spir-14088	357	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	357	5	the	the	DET
spir-14088	357	6	competition	competition	NOUN
spir-14088	357	7	format	format	NOUN
spir-14088	357	8	—	—	PUNCT
spir-14088	357	9	already	already	ADV
spir-14088	357	10	a	a	DET
spir-14088	357	11	way	way	NOUN
spir-14088	357	12	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	357	13	standardising	standardise	VERB
spir-14088	357	14	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	357	15	comparing	compare	VERB
spir-14088	357	16	methods	method	NOUN
spir-14088	357	17	—	—	PUNCT
spir-14088	357	18	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	357	19	itself	itself	PRON
spir-14088	357	20	subject	subject	ADJ
spir-14088	357	21	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	357	22	the	the	DET
spir-14088	357	23	same	same	ADJ
spir-14088	357	24	conditions	condition	NOUN
spir-14088	357	25	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	357	26	with	with	ADP
spir-14088	357	27	would	would	AUX
spir-14088	357	28	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	357	29	be	be	AUX
spir-14088	357	30	competitors	competitor	NOUN
spir-14088	357	31	able	able	ADJ
spir-14088	357	32	to	to	PART
spir-14088	357	33	compare	compare	VERB
spir-14088	357	34	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	357	35	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
spir-14088	357	36	different	different	ADJ
spir-14088	357	37	competitions	competition	NOUN
spir-14088	357	38	across	across	ADP
spir-14088	357	39	different	different	ADJ
spir-14088	357	40	domains	domain	NOUN
spir-14088	357	41	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	357	42	utilising	utilise	VERB
spir-14088	357	43	different	different	ADJ
spir-14088	357	44	skill	skill	NOUN
spir-14088	357	45	sets	set	NOUN
spir-14088	357	46	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	357	47	with	with	ADP
spir-14088	357	48	varying	vary	VERB
spir-14088	357	49	prize	prize	NOUN
spir-14088	357	50	funds	fund	NOUN
spir-14088	357	51	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	357	52	offer	offer	NOUN
spir-14088	357	53	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	358	1	waymo	waymo	ADJ
spir-14088	358	2	open	open	ADJ
spir-14088	358	3	dataset	dataset	ADJ
spir-14088	358	4	challenges	challenge	NOUN
spir-14088	358	5	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	358	6	march	march	PROPN
spir-14088	358	7	2020	2020	NUM
spir-14088	358	8	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	358	9	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	358	10	/	/	SYM
spir-14088	358	11	alphabet	alphabet	PROPN
spir-14088	358	12	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	358	13	autonomous	autonomous	ADJ
spir-14088	358	14	vehicle	vehicle	NOUN
spir-14088	358	15	division	division	NOUN
spir-14088	358	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	358	17	waymo	waymo	NOUN
spir-14088	358	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	358	19	launched	launch	VERB
spir-14088	358	20	the	the	DET
spir-14088	358	21	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	358	22	open	open	ADJ
spir-14088	358	23	dataset	dataset	ADJ
spir-14088	358	24	virtual	virtual	ADJ
spir-14088	358	25	challenge	challenge	NOUN
spir-14088	358	26	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	358	27	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	358	28	a	a	DET
spir-14088	358	29	soon	soon	ADV
spir-14088	358	30	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	358	31	to	to	PART
spir-14088	358	32	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	358	33	be	be	AUX
spir-14088	358	34	annual	annual	ADJ
spir-14088	358	35	competition	competition	NOUN
spir-14088	358	36	designed	design	VERB
spir-14088	358	37	to	to	PART
spir-14088	358	38	leverage	leverage	VERB
spir-14088	358	39	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	358	40	previously	previously	ADV
spir-14088	358	41	released	release	VERB
spir-14088	358	42	waymo	waymo	ADJ
spir-14088	358	43	open	open	ADJ
spir-14088	358	44	dataset	dataset	NOUN
spir-14088	358	45	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	358	46	anguelov	anguelov	NOUN
spir-14088	358	47	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	358	48	2020	2020	NUM
spir-14088	358	49	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	358	50	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	359	1	composed	compose	VERB
spir-14088	359	2	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	359	3	camera	camera	NOUN
spir-14088	359	4	/	/	SYM
spir-14088	359	5	lidar	lidar	NOUN
spir-14088	359	6	data	datum	NOUN
spir-14088	359	7	captured	capture	VERB
spir-14088	359	8	by	by	ADP
spir-14088	359	9	waymo	waymo	ADJ
spir-14088	359	10	vehicles	vehicle	NOUN
spir-14088	359	11	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	359	12	various	various	ADJ
spir-14088	359	13	locations	location	NOUN
spir-14088	359	14	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	359	15	phoenix	phoenix	PROPN
spir-14088	359	16	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	359	17	san	san	PROPN
spir-14088	359	18	francisco	francisco	PROPN
spir-14088	359	19	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	359	20	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	359	21	the	the	DET
spir-14088	359	22	dataset	dataset	NOUN
spir-14088	359	23	constituted	constitute	VERB
spir-14088	359	24	the	the	DET
spir-14088	359	25	largest	large	ADJ
spir-14088	359	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	359	27	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	359	28	arguably	arguably	ADV
spir-14088	359	29	most	most	ADV
spir-14088	359	30	diverse	diverse	ADJ
spir-14088	359	31	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	359	32	autonomous	autonomous	ADJ
spir-14088	359	33	vehicle	vehicle	NOUN
spir-14088	359	34	dataset	dataset	VERB
spir-14088	359	35	ever	ever	ADV
spir-14088	359	36	publicly	publicly	ADV
spir-14088	359	37	released	release	VERB
spir-14088	359	38	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	360	1	the	the	DET
spir-14088	360	2	waymo	waymo	ADJ
spir-14088	360	3	open	open	ADJ
spir-14088	360	4	dataset	dataset	NOUN
spir-14088	360	5	challenge	challenge	NOUN
spir-14088	360	6	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	360	7	the	the	DET
spir-14088	360	8	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	360	9	virtual	virtual	ADJ
spir-14088	360	10	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	360	11	was	be	AUX
spir-14088	360	12	later	later	ADV
spir-14088	360	13	dropped	drop	VERB
spir-14088	360	14	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	360	15	has	have	AUX
spir-14088	360	16	now	now	ADV
spir-14088	360	17	run	run	VERB
spir-14088	360	18	across	across	ADP
spir-14088	360	19	four	four	NUM
spir-14088	360	20	iterations	iteration	NOUN
spir-14088	360	21	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	360	22	2020	2020	NUM
spir-14088	360	23	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	360	24	2021	2021	NUM
spir-14088	360	25	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	360	26	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	360	27	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	360	28	2023	2023	NUM
spir-14088	360	29	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	360	30	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	360	31	each	each	DET
spir-14088	360	32	time	time	NOUN
spir-14088	360	33	inviting	invite	VERB
spir-14088	360	34	teams	team	NOUN
spir-14088	360	35	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	360	36	computer	computer	NOUN
spir-14088	360	37	scientists	scientist	NOUN
spir-14088	360	38	to	to	PART
spir-14088	360	39	tackle	tackle	AUX
spir-14088	360	40	evolving	evolve	VERB
spir-14088	360	41	ml	ml	NOUN
spir-14088	360	42	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	360	43	machine	machine	NOUN
spir-14088	360	44	vision	vision	NOUN
spir-14088	360	45	problems	problem	NOUN
spir-14088	360	46	—	—	PUNCT
spir-14088	360	47	using	use	VERB
spir-14088	360	48	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	360	49	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	360	50	data	datum	NOUN
spir-14088	360	51	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	360	52	waymo	waymo	ADJ
spir-14088	360	53	open	open	ADJ
spir-14088	360	54	dataset	dataset	NOUN
spir-14088	360	55	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	360	56	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	360	57	tools	tool	NOUN
spir-14088	360	58	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	360	59	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	360	60	cloud	cloud	NOUN
spir-14088	360	61	storage	storage	NOUN
spir-14088	360	62	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	360	63	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	360	64	colab	colab	PROPN
spir-14088	360	65	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	360	66	tensorflow	tensorflow	NOUN
spir-14088	360	67	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	360	68	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	361	1	given	give	VERB
spir-14088	361	2	three	three	NUM
spir-14088	361	3	months	month	NOUN
spir-14088	361	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	361	5	teams	team	NOUN
spir-14088	361	6	could	could	AUX
spir-14088	361	7	select	select	VERB
spir-14088	361	8	one	one	NUM
spir-14088	361	9	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	361	10	multiple	multiple	ADJ
spir-14088	361	11	specific	specific	ADJ
spir-14088	361	12	ml	ml	NOUN
spir-14088	361	13	/	/	SYM
spir-14088	361	14	machine	machine	NOUN
spir-14088	361	15	vision	vision	NOUN
spir-14088	361	16	challenges	challenge	NOUN
spir-14088	361	17	to	to	PART
spir-14088	361	18	tackle	tackle	VERB
spir-14088	361	19	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	361	20	relating	relate	VERB
spir-14088	361	21	either	either	ADV
spir-14088	361	22	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	361	23	detection	detection	NOUN
spir-14088	361	24	tasks	task	NOUN
spir-14088	361	25	or	or	CCONJ
spir-14088	361	26	prediction	prediction	NOUN
spir-14088	361	27	tasks	task	NOUN
spir-14088	361	28	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	362	1	a	a	DET
spir-14088	362	2	public	public	ADJ
spir-14088	362	3	leaderboard	leaderboard	NOUN
spir-14088	362	4	ranks	rank	VERB
spir-14088	362	5	each	each	DET
spir-14088	362	6	team	team	NOUN
spir-14088	362	7	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	362	8	submission	submission	NOUN
spir-14088	362	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	362	10	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	362	11	winners	winner	NOUN
spir-14088	362	12	are	be	AUX
spir-14088	362	13	invited	invite	VERB
spir-14088	362	14	to	to	PART
spir-14088	362	15	present	present	VERB
spir-14088	362	16	their	their	PRON
spir-14088	362	17	work	work	NOUN
spir-14088	362	18	at	at	ADP
spir-14088	362	19	an	an	DET
spir-14088	362	20	associated	associated	ADJ
spir-14088	362	21	workshop	workshop	NOUN
spir-14088	362	22	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	362	23	autonomous	autonomous	ADJ
spir-14088	362	24	driving	driving	NOUN
spir-14088	362	25	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	362	26	wad	wad	PROPN
spir-14088	362	27	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	362	28	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	362	29	held	hold	VERB
spir-14088	362	30	at	at	ADP
spir-14088	362	31	the	the	DET
spir-14088	362	32	annual	annual	ADJ
spir-14088	362	33	cvpr	cvpr	NOUN
spir-14088	362	34	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	362	35	computer	computer	NOUN
spir-14088	362	36	vision	vision	NOUN
spir-14088	362	37	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	362	38	pattern	pattern	NOUN
spir-14088	362	39	recognition	recognition	NOUN
spir-14088	362	40	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	362	41	conference	conference	NOUN
spir-14088	362	42	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	363	1	through	through	ADP
spir-14088	363	2	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
spir-14088	363	3	work	work	NOUN
spir-14088	363	4	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	363	5	these	these	DET
spir-14088	363	6	waymo	waymo	ADJ
spir-14088	363	7	challenges	challenge	NOUN
spir-14088	363	8	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	363	9	hind	hind	NOUN
spir-14088	363	10	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	363	11	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	363	12	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	363	13	2024	2024	NUM
spir-14088	363	14	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	364	1	we	we	PRON
spir-14088	364	2	have	have	AUX
spir-14088	364	3	encountered	encounter	VERB
spir-14088	364	4	a	a	DET
spir-14088	364	5	number	number	NOUN
spir-14088	364	6	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	364	7	key	key	ADJ
spir-14088	364	8	themes	theme	NOUN
spir-14088	364	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	365	1	firstly	firstly	ADV
spir-14088	365	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	365	3	challenges	challenge	NOUN
spir-14088	365	4	serve	serve	VERB
spir-14088	365	5	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	365	6	interfaces	interface	NOUN
spir-14088	365	7	between	between	ADP
spir-14088	365	8	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	365	9	firms	firm	NOUN
spir-14088	365	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	365	11	external	external	ADJ
spir-14088	365	12	collaborators	collaborator	NOUN
spir-14088	365	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	365	14	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	365	15	ml	ml	ADP
spir-14088	365	16	tools	tool	NOUN
spir-14088	365	17	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	365	18	services	service	NOUN
spir-14088	365	19	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	366	1	secondly	secondly	ADV
spir-14088	366	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	366	3	that	that	SCONJ
spir-14088	366	4	challenges	challenge	NOUN
spir-14088	366	5	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
spir-14088	366	6	drive	drive	VERB
spir-14088	366	7	hyper	hyper	ADJ
spir-14088	366	8	-	-	NOUN
spir-14088	366	9	incrementality	incrementality	NOUN
spir-14088	366	10	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	366	11	the	the	DET
spir-14088	366	12	development	development	NOUN
spir-14088	366	13	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	366	14	ml	ml	NOUN
spir-14088	366	15	/	/	SYM
spir-14088	366	16	machine	machine	NOUN
spir-14088	366	17	vision	vision	NOUN
spir-14088	366	18	methods	method	NOUN
spir-14088	366	19	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	367	1	thirdly	thirdly	ADV
spir-14088	367	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	367	3	metrics	metric	NOUN
spir-14088	367	4	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	367	5	benchmarks	benchmark	NOUN
spir-14088	367	6	routinely	routinely	ADV
spir-14088	367	7	evolve	evolve	VERB
spir-14088	367	8	to	to	PART
spir-14088	367	9	help	help	VERB
spir-14088	367	10	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
spir-14088	367	11	competition	competition	NOUN
spir-14088	367	12	success	success	NOUN
spir-14088	367	13	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	367	14	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	367	15	rank	rank	VERB
spir-14088	367	16	technical	technical	ADJ
spir-14088	367	17	performance	performance	NOUN
spir-14088	367	18	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	368	1	fourthly	fourthly	ADV
spir-14088	368	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	368	3	challenges	challenge	NOUN
spir-14088	368	4	engender	engender	VERB
spir-14088	368	5	a	a	DET
spir-14088	368	6	particular	particular	ADJ
spir-14088	368	7	operating	operating	NOUN
spir-14088	368	8	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	368	9	/	/	SYM
spir-14088	368	10	ml	ml	NOUN
spir-14088	368	11	vernacular	vernacular	ADJ
spir-14088	368	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	368	13	smoothing	smooth	VERB
spir-14088	368	14	interpretation	interpretation	NOUN
spir-14088	368	15	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	368	16	understanding	understanding	NOUN
spir-14088	368	17	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	368	18	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	368	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	368	20	across	across	ADP
spir-14088	368	21	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	368	22	competing	compete	VERB
spir-14088	368	23	teams	team	NOUN
spir-14088	368	24	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	369	1	then	then	ADV
spir-14088	369	2	lastly	lastly	ADV
spir-14088	369	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	369	4	that	that	DET
spir-14088	369	5	participation	participation	NOUN
spir-14088	369	6	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	369	7	challenges	challenge	NOUN
spir-14088	369	8	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	369	9	driven	drive	VERB
spir-14088	369	10	by	by	ADP
spir-14088	369	11	the	the	DET
spir-14088	369	12	allure	allure	NOUN
spir-14088	369	13	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	369	14	the	the	DET
spir-14088	369	15	applied	apply	VERB
spir-14088	369	16	domain	domain	NOUN
spir-14088	369	17	—	—	PUNCT
spir-14088	369	18	helped	help	VERB
spir-14088	369	19	along	along	ADP
spir-14088	369	20	by	by	ADP
spir-14088	369	21	the	the	DET
spir-14088	369	22	presence	presence	NOUN
spir-14088	369	23	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	369	24	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	369	25	prestige	prestige	NOUN
spir-14088	369	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	369	27	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	369	28	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	369	29	firms	firm	NOUN
spir-14088	369	30	such	such	ADJ
spir-14088	369	31	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	369	32	google	google	NOUN
spir-14088	369	33	/	/	SYM
spir-14088	369	34	alphabet	alphabet	NOUN
spir-14088	369	35	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	370	1	incremental	incremental	ADJ
spir-14088	370	2	gains	gain	NOUN
spir-14088	370	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	370	4	incremental	incremental	ADJ
spir-14088	370	5	losses	loss	NOUN
spir-14088	370	6	what	what	PRON
spir-14088	370	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	370	8	then	then	ADV
spir-14088	370	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	370	10	might	might	AUX
spir-14088	370	11	we	we	PRON
spir-14088	370	12	understand	understand	VERB
spir-14088	370	13	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	370	14	the	the	DET
spir-14088	370	15	wider	wide	ADJ
spir-14088	370	16	effects	effect	NOUN
spir-14088	370	17	or	or	CCONJ
spir-14088	370	18	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
spir-14088	370	19	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	370	20	the	the	DET
spir-14088	370	21	platformisation	platformisation	NOUN
spir-14088	370	22	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	370	23	ml	ml	NOUN
spir-14088	370	24	/	/	SYM
spir-14088	370	25	machine	machine	NOUN
spir-14088	370	26	vision	vision	NOUN
spir-14088	370	27	challenges	challenge	NOUN
spir-14088	370	28	?	?	PUNCT
spir-14088	371	1	we	we	PRON
spir-14088	371	2	can	can	AUX
spir-14088	371	3	understand	understand	VERB
spir-14088	371	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	371	5	rather	rather	ADV
spir-14088	371	6	straightforwardly	straightforwardly	ADV
spir-14088	371	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	371	8	that	that	SCONJ
spir-14088	371	9	the	the	DET
spir-14088	371	10	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	371	11	incremental	incremental	NOUN
spir-14088	371	12	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	371	13	gains	gain	NOUN
spir-14088	371	14	offered	offer	VERB
spir-14088	371	15	through	through	ADP
spir-14088	371	16	competitive	competitive	ADJ
spir-14088	371	17	formats	format	NOUN
spir-14088	371	18	such	such	ADJ
spir-14088	371	19	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	371	20	the	the	DET
spir-14088	371	21	ml	ml	X
spir-14088	371	22	challenge	challenge	NOUN
spir-14088	371	23	are	be	AUX
spir-14088	371	24	designed	design	VERB
spir-14088	371	25	to	to	PART
spir-14088	371	26	be	be	AUX
spir-14088	371	27	captured	capture	VERB
spir-14088	371	28	by	by	ADP
spir-14088	371	29	the	the	DET
spir-14088	371	30	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	371	31	firms	firm	NOUN
spir-14088	371	32	organizing	organize	VERB
spir-14088	371	33	them	they	PRON
spir-14088	371	34	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	372	1	whether	whether	SCONJ
spir-14088	372	2	this	this	PRON
spir-14088	372	3	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	372	4	directly	directly	ADV
spir-14088	372	5	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	372	6	through	through	ADP
spir-14088	372	7	ml	ml	NOUN
spir-14088	372	8	/	/	SYM
spir-14088	372	9	machine	machine	NOUN
spir-14088	372	10	vision	vision	NOUN
spir-14088	372	11	techniques	technique	NOUN
spir-14088	372	12	being	be	AUX
spir-14088	372	13	directly	directly	ADV
spir-14088	372	14	incorporated	incorporate	VERB
spir-14088	372	15	into	into	ADP
spir-14088	372	16	relevant	relevant	ADJ
spir-14088	372	17	ai	ai	NOUN
spir-14088	372	18	products	product	NOUN
spir-14088	372	19	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	372	20	systems	system	NOUN
spir-14088	372	21	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	372	22	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	372	23	or	or	CCONJ
spir-14088	372	24	indirectly	indirectly	ADV
spir-14088	372	25	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	372	26	through	through	ADP
spir-14088	372	27	fostering	foster	VERB
spir-14088	372	28	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	372	29	development	development	NOUN
spir-14088	372	30	through	through	ADP
spir-14088	372	31	specific	specific	ADJ
spir-14088	372	32	proprietary	proprietary	ADJ
spir-14088	372	33	tools	tool	NOUN
spir-14088	372	34	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	372	35	software	software	NOUN
spir-14088	372	36	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	372	37	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	372	38	an	an	DET
spir-14088	372	39	empirical	empirical	ADJ
spir-14088	372	40	question	question	NOUN
spir-14088	372	41	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	373	1	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	373	2	any	any	DET
spir-14088	373	3	case	case	NOUN
spir-14088	373	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	373	5	the	the	DET
spir-14088	373	6	desire	desire	NOUN
spir-14088	373	7	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	373	8	to	to	PART
spir-14088	373	9	secure	secure	VERB
spir-14088	373	10	a	a	DET
spir-14088	373	11	competitive	competitive	ADJ
spir-14088	373	12	advantage	advantage	NOUN
spir-14088	373	13	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	373	14	the	the	DET
spir-14088	373	15	development	development	NOUN
spir-14088	373	16	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	373	17	ml	ml	NOUN
spir-14088	373	18	/	/	SYM
spir-14088	373	19	machine	machine	NOUN
spir-14088	373	20	vision	vision	NOUN
spir-14088	373	21	techniques	technique	NOUN
spir-14088	373	22	within	within	ADP
spir-14088	373	23	specific	specific	ADJ
spir-14088	373	24	domains	domain	NOUN
spir-14088	373	25	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	374	1	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	374	2	waymo	waymo	NOUN
spir-14088	374	3	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	374	4	case	case	NOUN
spir-14088	374	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	374	6	to	to	PART
spir-14088	374	7	secure	secure	VERB
spir-14088	374	8	a	a	DET
spir-14088	374	9	competitive	competitive	ADJ
spir-14088	374	10	advantage	advantage	NOUN
spir-14088	374	11	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	374	12	the	the	DET
spir-14088	374	13	deployment	deployment	NOUN
spir-14088	374	14	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	374	15	autonomous	autonomous	ADJ
spir-14088	374	16	vehicles	vehicle	NOUN
spir-14088	374	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	375	1	inversely	inversely	ADV
spir-14088	375	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	375	3	what	what	PRON
spir-14088	375	4	might	might	AUX
spir-14088	375	5	the	the	DET
spir-14088	375	6	incremental	incremental	ADJ
spir-14088	375	7	losses	loss	NOUN
spir-14088	375	8	be	be	VERB
spir-14088	375	9	—	—	PUNCT
spir-14088	375	10	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	375	11	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	375	12	whom	whom	PRON
spir-14088	375	13	?	?	PUNCT
spir-14088	376	1	everingham	everingham	PROPN
spir-14088	376	2	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	376	3	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	376	4	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	376	5	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	376	6	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	376	7	2015	2015	NUM
spir-14088	376	8	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	376	9	reflection	reflection	NOUN
spir-14088	376	10	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	376	11	the	the	DET
spir-14088	376	12	running	running	NOUN
spir-14088	376	13	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	376	14	the	the	DET
spir-14088	376	15	pascal	pascal	PROPN
spir-14088	376	16	voc	voc	NOUN
spir-14088	376	17	challenge	challenge	NOUN
spir-14088	376	18	suggests	suggest	VERB
spir-14088	376	19	a	a	DET
spir-14088	376	20	few	few	ADJ
spir-14088	376	21	possible	possible	ADJ
spir-14088	376	22	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
spir-14088	376	23	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	377	1	firstly	firstly	ADV
spir-14088	377	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	377	3	that	that	SCONJ
spir-14088	377	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	377	5	hyper-)incrementalism	hyper-)incrementalism	NOUN
spir-14088	377	6	breeds	breed	NOUN
spir-14088	377	7	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	377	8	hyper-)incrementalism	hyper-)incrementalism	NOUN
spir-14088	377	9	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	377	10	teams	team	NOUN
spir-14088	377	11	work	work	VERB
spir-14088	377	12	purely	purely	ADV
spir-14088	377	13	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	377	14	or	or	CCONJ
spir-14088	377	15	mainly	mainly	ADV
spir-14088	377	16	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	377	17	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	377	18	building	building	NOUN
spir-14088	377	19	models	model	NOUN
spir-14088	377	20	/	/	SYM
spir-14088	377	21	techniques	technique	NOUN
spir-14088	377	22	that	that	PRON
spir-14088	377	23	deliver	deliver	VERB
spir-14088	377	24	just	just	ADV
spir-14088	377	25	enough	enough	ADJ
spir-14088	377	26	incremental	incremental	ADJ
spir-14088	377	27	gains	gain	NOUN
spir-14088	377	28	to	to	PART
spir-14088	377	29	place	place	VERB
spir-14088	377	30	higher	high	ADJ
spir-14088	377	31	than	than	ADP
spir-14088	377	32	previous	previous	ADJ
spir-14088	377	33	winners	winner	NOUN
spir-14088	377	34	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	378	1	the	the	DET
spir-14088	378	2	consequence	consequence	NOUN
spir-14088	378	3	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	378	4	this	this	PRON
spir-14088	378	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	378	6	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	378	7	everingham	everingham	PROPN
spir-14088	378	8	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	378	9	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	378	10	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	379	1	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	379	2	2015	2015	NUM
spir-14088	379	3	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	379	4	contend	contend	VERB
spir-14088	379	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	379	6	is	be	AUX
spir-14088	379	7	a	a	DET
spir-14088	379	8	move	move	NOUN
spir-14088	379	9	away	away	ADV
spir-14088	379	10	from	from	ADP
spir-14088	379	11	developing	develop	VERB
spir-14088	379	12	new	new	ADJ
spir-14088	379	13	models	model	NOUN
spir-14088	379	14	from	from	ADP
spir-14088	379	15	scratch	scratch	NOUN
spir-14088	379	16	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	380	1	secondly	secondly	ADV
spir-14088	380	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	380	3	inevitably	inevitably	ADV
spir-14088	380	4	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	380	5	that	that	SCONJ
spir-14088	380	6	increasing	increase	VERB
spir-14088	380	7	monopoly	monopoly	NOUN
spir-14088	380	8	status	status	NOUN
spir-14088	380	9	over	over	ADP
spir-14088	380	10	developments	development	NOUN
spir-14088	380	11	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	380	12	ml	ml	NOUN
spir-14088	380	13	/	/	SYM
spir-14088	380	14	machine	machine	NOUN
spir-14088	380	15	vision	vision	NOUN
spir-14088	380	16	by	by	ADP
spir-14088	380	17	those	those	PRON
spir-14088	380	18	who	who	PRON
spir-14088	380	19	develop	develop	VERB
spir-14088	380	20	specific	specific	ADJ
spir-14088	380	21	tools	tool	NOUN
spir-14088	380	22	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	380	23	software	software	NOUN
spir-14088	380	24	will	will	AUX
spir-14088	380	25	lead	lead	VERB
spir-14088	380	26	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	380	27	increased	increase	VERB
spir-14088	380	28	dependence	dependence	NOUN
spir-14088	380	29	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	380	30	particular	particular	ADJ
spir-14088	380	31	tools	tool	NOUN
spir-14088	380	32	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	380	33	software	software	NOUN
spir-14088	380	34	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	380	35	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	380	36	therefore	therefore	ADV
spir-14088	380	37	on	on	ADP
spir-14088	380	38	specific	specific	ADJ
spir-14088	380	39	platform	platform	NOUN
spir-14088	380	40	operators	operator	NOUN
spir-14088	380	41	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	381	1	everingham	everingham	PROPN
spir-14088	381	2	et	et	PROPN
spir-14088	381	3	al	al	PROPN
spir-14088	381	4	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	382	1	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	382	2	2015	2015	NUM
spir-14088	382	3	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	382	4	considered	consider	VERB
spir-14088	382	5	the	the	DET
spir-14088	382	6	development	development	NOUN
spir-14088	382	7	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	382	8	‘	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	382	9	out	out	ADP
spir-14088	382	10	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	382	11	the	the	DET
spir-14088	382	12	box	box	NOUN
spir-14088	382	13	’	'	PUNCT
spir-14088	382	14	software	software	NOUN
spir-14088	382	15	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	382	16	everything	everything	PRON
spir-14088	382	17	from	from	ADP
spir-14088	382	18	ml	ml	NOUN
spir-14088	382	19	training	training	NOUN
spir-14088	382	20	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	382	21	validation	validation	NOUN
spir-14088	382	22	to	to	PART
spir-14088	382	23	be	be	AUX
spir-14088	382	24	extremely	extremely	ADV
spir-14088	382	25	useful	useful	ADJ
spir-14088	382	26	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	382	27	from	from	ADP
spir-14088	382	28	a	a	DET
spir-14088	382	29	technical	technical	ADJ
spir-14088	382	30	perspective	perspective	NOUN
spir-14088	382	31	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	383	1	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	383	2	a	a	DET
spir-14088	383	3	platformised	platformise	VERB
spir-14088	383	4	world	world	NOUN
spir-14088	383	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	383	6	it	it	PRON
spir-14088	383	7	looks	look	VERB
spir-14088	383	8	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
spir-14088	383	9	problematic	problematic	ADJ
spir-14088	383	10	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	383	11	the	the	DET
spir-14088	383	12	extractive	extractive	ADJ
spir-14088	383	13	/	/	SYM
spir-14088	383	14	accumulative	accumulative	ADJ
spir-14088	383	15	logics	logic	NOUN
spir-14088	383	16	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	383	17	google	google	PROPN
spir-14088	383	18	/	/	SYM
spir-14088	383	19	alphabet	alphabet	NOUN
spir-14088	383	20	run	run	VERB
spir-14088	383	21	counter	counter	ADV
spir-14088	383	22	to	to	ADP
spir-14088	383	23	principles	principle	NOUN
spir-14088	383	24	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	383	25	open	open	ADJ
spir-14088	383	26	science	science	NOUN
spir-14088	383	27	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	383	28	collaboration	collaboration	NOUN
spir-14088	383	29	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	384	1	references	reference	NOUN
spir-14088	384	2	anguelov	anguelov	VERB
spir-14088	384	3	d	d	X
spir-14088	384	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	384	5	2020	2020	NUM
spir-14088	384	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	384	7	announcing	announce	VERB
spir-14088	384	8	waymo	waymo	NOUN
spir-14088	384	9	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	384	10	open	open	ADJ
spir-14088	384	11	dataset	dataset	ADJ
spir-14088	384	12	virtual	virtual	ADJ
spir-14088	384	13	challenges	challenge	NOUN
spir-14088	384	14	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	385	1	available	available	ADJ
spir-14088	385	2	at	at	ADP
spir-14088	385	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	385	4	https://waymo.com/blog/2020/03/announcing-waymos-open-dataset-challenges/.	https://waymo.com/blog/2020/03/announcing-waymos-open-dataset-challenges/.	PROPN
spir-14088	385	5	everingham	everingham	PROPN
spir-14088	385	6	m	m	PROPN
spir-14088	385	7	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	385	8	van	van	PROPN
spir-14088	385	9	gool	gool	PROPN
spir-14088	385	10	l	l	PROPN
spir-14088	385	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	385	12	williams	williams	PROPN
spir-14088	385	13	cki	cki	PROPN
spir-14088	385	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	385	15	winn	winn	PROPN
spir-14088	385	16	j	j	PROPN
spir-14088	385	17	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	385	18	zisserman	zisserman	NOUN
spir-14088	385	19	a	a	PRON
spir-14088	385	20	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	385	21	2010	2010	NUM
spir-14088	385	22	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	385	23	the	the	DET
spir-14088	385	24	pascal	pascal	ADJ
spir-14088	385	25	visual	visual	ADJ
spir-14088	385	26	object	object	NOUN
spir-14088	385	27	classes	class	NOUN
spir-14088	385	28	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	385	29	voc	voc	NOUN
spir-14088	385	30	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	385	31	challenge	challenge	NOUN
spir-14088	385	32	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	386	1	international	international	ADJ
spir-14088	386	2	journal	journal	NOUN
spir-14088	386	3	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	386	4	computer	computer	NOUN
spir-14088	386	5	vision	vision	NOUN
spir-14088	386	6	88(2	88(2	NUM
spir-14088	386	7	):	):	PUNCT
spir-14088	386	8	303–338	303–338	NUM
spir-14088	386	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	387	1	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-14088	387	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	387	3	10.1007	10.1007	NUM
spir-14088	387	4	/	/	SYM
spir-14088	387	5	s11263	s11263	NUM
spir-14088	387	6	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	387	7	009	009	NUM
spir-14088	387	8	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	387	9	0275	0275	NUM
spir-14088	387	10	-	-	SYM
spir-14088	387	11	4	4	NUM
spir-14088	387	12	everingham	everingham	PROPN
spir-14088	387	13	m	m	PROPN
spir-14088	387	14	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	387	15	ali	ali	PROPN
spir-14088	387	16	eslami	eslami	PROPN
spir-14088	388	1	sm	sm	PROPN
spir-14088	388	2	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	388	3	van	van	PROPN
spir-14088	388	4	gool	gool	PROPN
spir-14088	388	5	l	l	PROPN
spir-14088	388	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	388	7	williams	williams	PROPN
spir-14088	388	8	cki	cki	PROPN
spir-14088	388	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	388	10	winn	winn	PROPN
spir-14088	388	11	j	j	PROPN
spir-14088	388	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	388	13	zisserman	zisserman	NOUN
spir-14088	388	14	a	a	DET
spir-14088	388	15	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	388	16	2015	2015	NUM
spir-14088	388	17	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	388	18	the	the	DET
spir-14088	388	19	pascal	pascal	ADJ
spir-14088	388	20	visual	visual	ADJ
spir-14088	388	21	object	object	NOUN
spir-14088	388	22	classes	class	NOUN
spir-14088	388	23	challenge	challenge	VERB
spir-14088	388	24	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	388	25	a	a	DET
spir-14088	388	26	retrospective	retrospective	NOUN
spir-14088	388	27	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	389	1	international	international	ADJ
spir-14088	389	2	journal	journal	NOUN
spir-14088	389	3	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	389	4	computer	computer	NOUN
spir-14088	389	5	vision	vision	NOUN
spir-14088	389	6	111	111	NUM
spir-14088	389	7	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	389	8	98–136	98–136	NUM
spir-14088	389	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	390	1	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-14088	390	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	390	3	10.1007	10.1007	NUM
spir-14088	390	4	/	/	SYM
spir-14088	390	5	s11263	s11263	NUM
spir-14088	390	6	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	390	7	014	014	NUM
spir-14088	390	8	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	390	9	0733	0733	NUM
spir-14088	390	10	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	390	11	5	5	NUM
spir-14088	390	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	390	13	contest	contest	NOUN
spir-14088	390	14	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	390	15	2024	2024	NUM
spir-14088	390	16	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	390	17	developer	developer	NOUN
spir-14088	390	18	challenges	challenge	NOUN
spir-14088	390	19	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	391	1	available	available	ADJ
spir-14088	391	2	at	at	ADP
spir-14088	391	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	391	4	https://contest.com/.	https://contest.com/.	PROPN
spir-14088	391	5	https://waymo.com/blog/2020/03/announcing-waymos-open-dataset-challenges/	https://waymo.com/blog/2020/03/announcing-waymos-open-dataset-challenges/	PROPN
spir-14088	391	6	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-009-0275-4	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-009-0275-4	NUM
spir-14088	391	7	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-014-0733-5	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-014-0733-5	NUM
spir-14088	391	8	https://contest.com/	https://contest.com/	PRON
spir-14088	391	9	hind	hind	NOUN
spir-14088	391	10	s	s	PART
spir-14088	391	11	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	391	12	van	van	PROPN
spir-14088	391	13	der	der	NOUN
spir-14088	391	14	vlist	vlist	VERB
spir-14088	391	15	fn	fn	PROPN
spir-14088	391	16	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	391	17	kanderske	kanderske	PROPN
spir-14088	391	18	m	m	PROPN
spir-14088	391	19	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	391	20	2024	2024	NUM
spir-14088	391	21	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	391	22	challenges	challenge	NOUN
spir-14088	391	23	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	391	24	catalysts	catalyst	NOUN
spir-14088	391	25	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	391	26	how	how	SCONJ
spir-14088	391	27	waymo	waymo	NOUN
spir-14088	391	28	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	391	29	open	open	ADJ
spir-14088	391	30	dataset	dataset	ADJ
spir-14088	391	31	challenges	challenge	NOUN
spir-14088	391	32	shape	shape	VERB
spir-14088	391	33	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	391	34	development	development	NOUN
spir-14088	391	35	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	392	1	ai	ai	PROPN
spir-14088	392	2	&	&	CCONJ
spir-14088	392	3	society	society	NOUN
spir-14088	392	4	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	392	5	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
spir-14088	392	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	392	7	culture	culture	NOUN
spir-14088	392	8	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	392	9	communication	communication	NOUN
spir-14088	392	10	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	393	1	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-14088	393	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	393	3	10.1007	10.1007	NUM
spir-14088	393	4	/	/	SYM
spir-14088	393	5	s00146	s00146	PROPN
spir-14088	393	6	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	393	7	024	024	NUM
spir-14088	393	8	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	393	9	01927	01927	NUM
spir-14088	393	10	-	-	PUNCT
spir-14088	393	11	x.	x.	NOUN
spir-14088	393	12	kaggle	kaggle	NOUN
spir-14088	393	13	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	393	14	2024	2024	NUM
spir-14088	393	15	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	393	16	kaggle	kaggle	NOUN
spir-14088	393	17	competitions	competition	NOUN
spir-14088	393	18	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	394	1	available	available	ADJ
spir-14088	394	2	at	at	ADP
spir-14088	394	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	394	4	https://www.kaggle.com/competitions	https://www.kaggle.com/competition	NOUN
spir-14088	394	5	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	395	1	phillips	phillips	PROPN
spir-14088	395	2	l	l	PROPN
spir-14088	395	3	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	395	4	rozworski	rozworski	NOUN
spir-14088	395	5	m	m	PROPN
spir-14088	395	6	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	395	7	2019	2019	NUM
spir-14088	395	8	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	395	9	people	people	NOUN
spir-14088	395	10	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	395	11	republic	republic	NOUN
spir-14088	395	12	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	395	13	walmart	walmart	PROPN
spir-14088	395	14	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	395	15	how	how	SCONJ
spir-14088	395	16	the	the	DET
spir-14088	395	17	world	world	NOUN
spir-14088	395	18	’s	’s	PART
spir-14088	395	19	biggest	big	ADJ
spir-14088	395	20	corporations	corporation	NOUN
spir-14088	395	21	are	be	AUX
spir-14088	395	22	laying	lay	VERB
spir-14088	395	23	the	the	DET
spir-14088	395	24	foundation	foundation	NOUN
spir-14088	395	25	for	for	ADP
spir-14088	395	26	socialism	socialism	NOUN
spir-14088	395	27	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	396	1	london	london	PROPN
spir-14088	396	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	396	3	verso	verso	ADJ
spir-14088	396	4	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	397	1	reddy	reddy	PROPN
spir-14088	397	2	r	r	PROPN
spir-14088	397	3	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	397	4	1988	1988	NUM
spir-14088	397	5	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	397	6	foundations	foundation	NOUN
spir-14088	397	7	and	and	CCONJ
spir-14088	397	8	grand	grand	ADJ
spir-14088	397	9	challenges	challenge	NOUN
spir-14088	397	10	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	397	11	artificial	artificial	ADJ
spir-14088	397	12	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
spir-14088	397	13	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	398	1	ai	ai	VERB
spir-14088	398	2	magazine	magazine	PROPN
spir-14088	398	3	9(4	9(4	NOUN
spir-14088	398	4	):	):	PUNCT
spir-14088	398	5	9–21	9–21	PROPN
spir-14088	398	6	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	399	1	https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/aimagazine/article/download/950/868	https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/aimagazine/article/download/950/868	NOUN
spir-14088	399	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	400	1	ribes	ribe	NOUN
spir-14088	400	2	d	d	PROPN
spir-14088	400	3	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	400	4	hoffman	hoffman	NOUN
spir-14088	400	5	as	as	ADP
spir-14088	400	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	400	7	slota	slota	PROPN
spir-14088	400	8	sc	sc	PROPN
spir-14088	400	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	400	10	bowker	bowker	PROPN
spir-14088	400	11	gc	gc	PROPN
spir-14088	400	12	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	400	13	2019	2019	NUM
spir-14088	400	14	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	400	15	the	the	DET
spir-14088	400	16	logic	logic	NOUN
spir-14088	400	17	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	400	18	domains	domain	NOUN
spir-14088	400	19	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	401	1	social	social	ADJ
spir-14088	401	2	studies	study	NOUN
spir-14088	401	3	of	of	ADP
spir-14088	401	4	science	science	NOUN
spir-14088	401	5	49(3	49(3	PROPN
spir-14088	401	6	):	):	PUNCT
spir-14088	401	7	281–309	281–309	NUM
spir-14088	401	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	402	1	doi	doi	NOUN
spir-14088	402	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	402	3	10.1177/0306312719849709	10.1177/0306312719849709	NUM
spir-14088	402	4	srnicek	srnicek	NOUN
spir-14088	402	5	n	n	CCONJ
spir-14088	402	6	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	402	7	2022	2022	NUM
spir-14088	402	8	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	402	9	data	datum	NOUN
spir-14088	402	10	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	402	11	compute	compute	NOUN
spir-14088	402	12	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	402	13	labor	labor	NOUN
spir-14088	402	14	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	403	1	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	403	2	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	403	3	graham	graham	PROPN
spir-14088	403	4	m	m	PROPN
spir-14088	403	5	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	403	6	ferrari	ferrari	PROPN
spir-14088	403	7	f	f	PROPN
spir-14088	403	8	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	403	9	eds	ed	NOUN
spir-14088	403	10	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	403	11	digital	digital	ADJ
spir-14088	403	12	work	work	NOUN
spir-14088	403	13	in	in	ADP
spir-14088	403	14	the	the	DET
spir-14088	403	15	planetary	planetary	ADJ
spir-14088	403	16	market	market	NOUN
spir-14088	403	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	404	1	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
spir-14088	404	2	ma	ma	PROPN
spir-14088	404	3	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	404	4	mit	mit	PROPN
spir-14088	404	5	press	press	NOUN
spir-14088	404	6	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	404	7	pp	pp	ADJ
spir-14088	404	8	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	405	1	241–261	241–261	NUM
spir-14088	405	2	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	405	3	telegram	telegram	NOUN
spir-14088	405	4	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	405	5	2021a	2021a	NUM
spir-14088	405	6	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	405	7	javascript	javascript	NOUN
spir-14088	405	8	contest	contest	NOUN
spir-14088	405	9	,	,	PUNCT
spir-14088	405	10	stage	stage	NOUN
spir-14088	405	11	2	2	NUM
spir-14088	405	12	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	405	13	available	available	ADJ
spir-14088	405	14	at	at	ADP
spir-14088	405	15	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	405	16	https://web.archive.org/web/20220929202333/https://contest.com/javascript-web-2	https://web.archive.org/web/20220929202333/https://contest.com/javascript-web-2	PROPN
spir-14088	405	17	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	406	1	telegram	telegram	PROPN
spir-14088	406	2	(	(	PUNCT
spir-14088	406	3	2021b	2021b	NUM
spir-14088	406	4	)	)	PUNCT
spir-14088	406	5	new	new	ADJ
spir-14088	406	6	telegram	telegram	NOUN
spir-14088	406	7	web	web	NOUN
spir-14088	406	8	apps	app	NOUN
spir-14088	406	9	.	.	PUNCT
spir-14088	406	10	available	available	ADJ
spir-14088	406	11	at	at	ADP
spir-14088	406	12	:	:	PUNCT
spir-14088	406	13	https://web.archive.org/web/20220927215401/https://bugs.telegram.org/c/4002	https://web.archive.org/web/20220927215401/https://bugs.telegram.org/c/4002	PROPN
spir-14088	406	14	.	.	PROPN
spir-14088	407	1	https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-024-01927-x	https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-024-01927-x	PROPN
spir-14088	407	2	https://www.kaggle.com/competitions	https://www.kaggle.com/competitions	PROPN
spir-14088	407	3	https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/aimagazine/article/download/950/868	https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/aimagazine/article/download/950/868	VERB
spir-14088	407	4	https://doi.org/10.1177/0306312719849709	https://doi.org/10.1177/0306312719849709	PRON
spir-14088	407	5	https://web.archive.org/web/20220929202333/https://contest.com/javascript-web-2	https://web.archive.org/web/20220929202333/https://contest.com/javascript-web-2	PROPN
spir-14088	407	6	https://web.archive.org/web/20220927215401/https://bugs.telegram.org/c/4002	https://web.archive.org/web/20220927215401/https://bugs.telegram.org/c/4002	NOUN